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ENGLI Pupil's E
Part II
Educational Public

ISH ?
Book
ELEVEN
| -11
Grade
ations Department

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All rights reserved. First published Second print Third print Fourth Print Fifth Print Sixth Print
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
This textbook produced un introduced to the school syste the Textbook Evaluation Boar Specialist Panel guided by the
The Government has sper
presented to
Published by Educa
Printed at R No. 164/4, Ampitiyawatta, B

English Pupil's Book
Grade Eleven
der the New Curriculum Reforms 'm from 2007 has been approved by d, together with the relevant Subject Educational Publications Department.
at Rs. 77.00 on this book which is
you free of charge.
ional Publications Department athna Book Publishers, akmeegasweva Road, Pore, Aturugiriya.

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The National Anthe
Sri Lanka Matha Apa Sri Lanka Namo Namo Nar Sundara siri barinee, surendi athi Dhanya dhanaya neka mal palatum Apa hata sepa siri setha sadana je Piliganu mena apa bhakthi pooja Apa Sri Lanka Namo Namo Nan Oba we apa vidya Obamaya apa sathya Oba we apa shakthi Apa hada thula bhakthi Oba apa aloke Apage anuprane Oba apa jeevana we Apa mukthiya oba we Navajeevana demine, nithina apa Gnana veerya vadawamina regen Eka mavakage daru kela bevina Yamu yamu vee nopama Prema vada sema bheda durerada Namo, Namo Matha Apa Sri Lanka Namo Namo Nan

m of Sri Lanka
no Namo Matha sobamana Lanka
u piri jaya bhoomiya ramya ewanaye matha
Namo Namo Matha no Namo Matha
pubudukaran matha i yanu mana jaya bhoomi kara
lo Namo Matha

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The Message of His Exc
EACH ONGEAG DNG BAGONG PAG
90
Beloved Sons and Dau
GNO S. D.
Many countries that lagg time we gained indepe passed us and gone far al not be prepared to co or work according to
models of those nations. no purpose in continuir our lost heritage. What y is to surpass them and overall development the and show new paths a the world. Dear Sons and Daugh engaged in building yo
Mahinda Rajapaksa President of the Dem Republic of Sri Lanka (An extract from the sp President Mahinda Raja
Water Filling Ceremony Port on 15.08.2010) Veresa de caus
Ces De
SCAR

ellency the President
Greene
ghters,
ged behind us at the endence have now head. But, we must py those countries
the development - Similarly, there is ng to lament about
we shall do instead I reach a stage of y have not reached, nd possibilities to
|
ters, we are now ur future !
ocratic Socialist
eech delivered by aksa at the historic of the Magampura
en CSEHACIECO

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Message from the H
Beloved Sons and Daughters,
You are the most valuable treasure of our mo In our commitment to accomplish that task
This textbook produced by spending the nat offered to you with the sole intention of m undoubtedly enhance the national wealth thi will give you a helping hand to awaken you generation whose creative power enabled tl compassion out of hard heartless rock and c
Wall’.
I express my gratitude to the Educational dedicated themselves in offering this textbo
Bandula Gunawardhana * Minister of Education
ఆ పెను శాపనా తత్రిక
Fo:
2
Since you are living in an ever o prepare yourself to face diverse social tides. instrument in developing the necessary kno objective.
Hence, this textbook offered to Lanka will undoubtedly be a guide, not i development of the country.
Our fervent objective is, therefoi the vast ocean of knowledge reach the land become an accomplished citizen endowed
I appreciate and honour the con the writers' and editors' panels as well as by in accomplishing this great service.
Tissa Hewavithana Commissioner General of Educi
Educational Publications Department Isurupaya,
Battaramulla. 20. 03. 2012
Sabausas

Seville-essa on. Minister of Education
herland. Your value is enhanced through education.
we offer you the best.
onal wealth collected from the tax paying public is iking you a virtuous and skillful citizen. You will pugh the light of education you gain. This textbook creativity, as you are a proud descendent of a great em to carve statues depicting loving kindness and mpose graffiti of great literary value on the Mirror
Publications Department and to all the others who ok to you.
dieses
tessaan
ప్రత్యె నా పైత్యంత ఆత్కీ reword
hanging society, it is imperative that you should In this respect, the textbook becomes an invaluable owledge and understanding in realizing the above
Fou by the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri only for your self-development but also for the
re, to see that, you, who are taking steps to cross of success by using this textbook as a raft, would with knowledge and a balanced personality.
ribution and the invaluable support extended by he officers of Educational Publications Department
|
ational Publications
Das Desenza
vi

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Commut
Inform
Language Language Functions
I Asking for things
eg. Will you please give
me a dictionary?
CO
I Asking for information
eg. Will you please tell us
something about libraries?
I Giving information
eg. Well, in Babylonia
they had clay tablets.
- Describing People
places and processes eg. Having finished his
school education he entered the University.

aication
nation
ocus
Grammar Passive Voice
Simple Present Tense
All sports news items are sent to the sports section
3. He is regarded as the
father ofICT in Sri Lanka.
Simple Past Tense
5. In the ancient world
archers were employed to pass messages
With the help of the telephone, people in distant places could be contacted within a very short period.
For free distribution

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Соттипicatio
I Reading
Communicat Sewmini is a grade 11 student chief organizer of the School Med exhibition, Sewmini and her friends a Their topic “Communication and Info as the members of the Media Club ar on the Evolution of Communication charge of the Media Club has askeds programme.
Activity 6.1 I Reading
List the words given in bold type un your writing book. Find the words i Construct sentences to show the d
Activity 6.2 Pair w
List in your writing book the in
Name :- Class :- School :- Interests :-
Contribution to the annua
Activity 6.3 I Writing
Write a description of a friend gathering information in the
For free distribution

& Information 6
on, Then and Now of the Doladeniya Maha Vidyalaya. She is the ia Club. This year, for the school's annual re going to organize their stall in a novel way.
mation”, is very much related to what they do d they have decided to produce a short video rom ancient times. Mr. Samansiri, teacher-inlewmini to write the narrations for the video
der noun or verb as used in the text here in that can be used both as a noun and a verb. lifference.
ork
formation you can gather about Sewmini.
Il exhibition :-
of yours or any senior schoolmate
same way.

Page 15
Activity 6.4 Group work
Design a poster giving information ab Sewmini and her friends are going to your poster.
- Topic - Date/ Time - Venue
- Special events Activity 6.5 I Speaking / Writing
The following questions were put to th she gave her talk. Discuss in groups an
What does an archer use?
I How were archers employed in battle IHow does an archer get speed?
Thank you for giving me this opportunity make a presentation on communication ancient times.
We have heard how archers occupied an important place in battle in ancient time
Velusumana was renowned for his archery. ancient times archers performed anoth important function. They were employed to ser messages to kings. Archers were posted at fixe distances, the message was tied to an arrow ar from one point to the other point. In this way, to the destination within a short period. These war, enemies, trade etc.

"out the exhibition stall that organize. Include the following in
e audience by Sewmini before ad write notes on the questions.
e?
and the arrow with the message was shot messages from distant places were sent messages contained information about
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Activity 6.6 I Listening / Writing
Put numbers in your writing book a teacher will read out the text. Liste
The drummers announ
African tribes passed n
Deaths of tribesmen w
(4) TE
The listeners respondec
(5) Stone inscriptions were
Stone inscriptions were
(7) There were messages o
(8) Asoka Sthamba is not a
For free distribution

nd get ready for the listening activiy. Your | and mark whether they are vor x.
sed the king's orders.
essages by singing.
ere announced.
1 to messages.
: used by messengers.
: used to convey messages.
of donations of kings on stones.
a stone inscription.

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Sewmini continues her speech :
Another common means of communi employ drummers to pass the messages.
These drummers went round the coun king. Such messages contained information: mostly. In this way, within a few days’ time th information.
African tribes along the Congo had av They beat drums to pass the message. Differe
messages.
Messages such as the death of tribesman, announcing a forthcoming battle e were passed in this way. They had a system answering or responding to messages sent t the drummers from distant place

cation used by the ancient kings was to
ry announcing the orders issued by the bout the administration of the country ewhole country would get the
ery significant way of communication. nt rhythms were used to pass different
: < AO
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Stone Inscription was a means o The message was carved on a stone sł
The stone sheets containing inf that the pepole could get the message. I donations of the kings, the rules and re
Galpotha, in Polonnaruwa, and tl examples of stone inscriptions. “Asho stone inscription.
- TOSETTI 31 GENNAHME AM EM LIWAN ANOMOPIXHINONITRAMIT RCTXIENIE TETEPAKENE DELKHYE HNACIICENIE IN (Thin R , LC LEHTONAN YAO
HC can7ACBCATAO AT W
IKANH:Casti HA XO6PATACUR'GYPICAL (16 NA LAYCIES IIICSS? HERTTUSELECINTO, AOSO Brot}HGYOBIENETO
Activity 6.7 Group ac I Reading / Writing
Study the pictures of drummers giv Now describe the drummers in rela
For free distribution

'communication used by our ancient kings. eet or at the entrance of a cave.
rmation were placed at prominent places so hese messages were on various topics such as, gulations imposed by the kings etc.
e stone inscription pillar at Badulla are classic ca Sthamba” in India is another example of a
B? ? , ? Чернс,
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ТОА СъW¢ В ЧPUPALJE кk off toТЬСТВОРЕ NiДvНРА €U OY HсходBoy
tivity
en by Sewmini. tion to their different activities.

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Activity 6.8 Comprehens
Read the speech of Sewmini and answe
1. What are the different ways of com
world?
2. Write down the names of stone inse
3. How did African tribes communi
Now read the last part of
After the Alexander became ver telephone j connected v started flow other end fr
Soon the wi replaced with the wireless network. Instead of
mobile phones started to invade the world." a multimedia world where not only voice b graphics can be sent from one mobile phone

Ion
r the following questions.
municating used in the ancient
riptions mentioned in the narration.
cate with each other ?
Sewmini's speech. invention of the telephone by Sir Graham Bell in1876 communication y much easier. With the help of the people in distant places could be vithin a very short time. Information ing from one end of the world to the cely, after the telephone was invented.
Operator
'ed network was fixed telephones Today, we are in it also text and to another.
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The ordinary mail system who you can post a letter or you can sen telegram when you want to communic: was the most popular means commnication until the electronic mail car
With the introduction of the internet wh you connect computers with the help telephone, receiving and sendi information became very fast. But w remains important where official matte system of communication for those wh connections.
Activity 6.9 Pair wor I Reading
Read the text and find one word i
1. One who shoots arrows with ab 2. The way of ruling a country 3. Messages carved on stone sheet 4. Answer a message sent by some 5. Can carry from one place to ano
Check with the pairs to find out whe
Write down the information you!
Write down the information the ma
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2 * 9
u 2
1g
· have to remember that ordinary mail still rs are concerned. It still is the most convenient o cannot afford to have telephone or internet
Thank you.
that matches the description given.
Pow
ebody
ther
ether all the pairs have got the same response.
Found most interesting from this passage.
jority of the class found most interesting.
00

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Activity 6.10 Group acti I Writing / Speaking
Organize an inter – class debate on the communication to improve human Life”.
List five arguments ‘for’ and ‘against’. C arguments listed separately under ‘for’ and ‘a the class.
Activity 6.11 Group activi A Writing
Copy the following onto a piece of p suitable name of a friend. Fold the i
.. should
I think. he/she speaks clearly.
Now count the votes and select the two your teacher. Write the names under foi using the correct punctuation.
Given below are the main events in holding a when organizing a debate in your writing boo
Selecting the topic
Time
Activity 6.12 Group activ A Writing
List in your writing book the features th; prepare a poster on the communications

vity
topic “Modern means of
heck with each group and get all the gainst”. Then present your arguments to
aper. Fill in the blank with a paper and give it to the teacher.
pe in the debating team because
debating teams with the help of and against in your writing book,
debate. List the steps that must come in
K.
Venue
ity
it must be there in a poster. Then
ystem in ancient Sri Lanka.
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Extended Activity 6. I Writing
Find information about other me mentioned in the text but are mu sentences on each describing (a
Activity 6.14 I Listening
Write numbers 1-5 in your writing write the words that would complete (Your teacher may read the passage)
1. One who shoots arrows
2. The way of ruling a coun
3. Messages carved on ston
4. Answer a message sent b
5. Can carry from one place Activity 6.15 Group 1 - Writing
Study any notice you can find on the should be there in a notice in your giving information about your deba
Write a short letter to the media ser Say you will annex your notice too.
For free distribution

.3 Pair work
ans of communication that are not ch used today. List them and write two
the instrument (b) the medium
vook. Listen to the teacher and
the blanks 1-5.
with a bow.
try. --
e sheets.
-y somebody. -
e to another. --
vork
e school notice board. Write what
riting book. Then write a NOTICE te already planned.
king publicity for your debate.
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Libra
2
Sewmini and her friends wanted to find some For this, they thought of meeting Mrs.Nandani
Sewmini -- Good morning Madam!
We are going to organize Our topic is “Communicat please tell us something ab
Librarian - Good morning. There are
libraries. What exactly do
Sewmini - Madam, will you please te
the library?
Librarian - Certainly, before that I wil
a place where a collection The history of the library Do you know how they ha
Sewmini - Sorry Madam, we do not

ries
e information on the topic“Library?” Samaranayaka, the school librarian.
We are from the school Media Club. a stall for the annual exhibition. ion and Information”. Will you vout libraries?
many things I can tell you about you want to know?
llus something about the origin of
I tell you what a library is. A library is
of books for reading or study is kept. oes back to the third millennium B.C. d stored information ?
know.
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Librarian :- Well in Babylonia the
contained information science and so on. The city of Nippur, where show you how to find referred to an encyclo
Sewmini :- Yes Madam. Once Ir
get some information
Wordsworth.
Librarian :- Good , see, here you g
libraries. Here, there 17th century B.C. an A assembled a large coll
Sewmini :- Thank you very much
document on the histo
Librarian :- Very good. You are w
information we havet
Activity 6.16 I Reading
Now answer the following questi
1. What is a library?
2. How did people record informat
3. What is the name of the city mer
4. Write the name of the king who
5. From where can you get more in
For free distribution

I had clay tablets. These clay tablets and knowledge about geography, history, re are records of a temple in the Babylonian such clay tablets were kept. Come, I will information about libraries. Have you ever pedia ?
eferred to the Encyclopaedia Britannica to about William Shakespeare and William
et all the information about the history of is information about the clay tablets .In the Assyrian king called Ashurbanipal had ection of clay tablets.
| Madam. I will refer to this and prepare a ory of libraries .
elcome anytime to access whatever nere.
ons.
ion in the ancient times ?
tioned in the dialogue ?
collected clay tablets ? formation about the history of libraries ?
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Activity 6.17 Pair work I Reading / Writing Study the dialogue between Sewmini an leaflet on the history of libraries.
Activity 6.18 Pair work I Speaking Find out information about the libraries be libraries at temples, kovils, churches institutions.
The following questions will help you to į
i Do you have a library/reading roc
Do you have books and newspape
iii When is the library / reading room
iv Do you have a person-in-charge o
v How old is your library / reading re
vi Who are the regular users of the lit
vii How many books do you have in y
viii What do you do with your old nev
ix
What are the most popular magazi
Write a short account of the closest librai suggestions for the improvement of this I
13

d the librarian and prepare a
you have in your area. There may
banks, other state / private
get the information.
pm ?
ers there ?
open for use ?
Fthe library / reading room ?
vom ?
orary ?
our stall ?.
'spapers ?
les ?
y. At the end make brary.
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How New Mr. Sumanasiri, the teacher - in - cha of Mr. Sumith Thilakasiri, the editor nized a field visit to the newspaper con went round the printing section first a they went to the editorial section. Ther news is processed and how news co speech.
Good morning, dear children. My na the daily English newspaper. In our i basically.
• news
• other article
• advertiseme Today, in my presentation I'm going
The news process of our newspaper of reporters : staff reporters a everyday from these reporters.
All the news items from the reporter newspaper. We sort out those news it to which the news item belongs. For i the sports section. In these particular and sent to the sub editor's section.
In the sub editor's section there is editors. Each sub editor is responsib editor is responsible for the first pag edit the news items. They look for lai decide on the headings. Then the ner
Once the type setting is over each page he or she is responsible for. The accordingly at the page designing sec
When the page lay out is designed, it the approved page is then sent for pri
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Comes to Us ze of the school Media Club, is a schoolmate fa prominent newspaper. One day he orgapany where Mr. Thilakasiri works. Students d saw how the newspapers are printed. Then ', Mr. Thilakasiri gave a presentation on how mes to us. Now you are going to read his
ne is Sumith Thilakasiri and I'm the editor of newspaper, we publish three types of things
nts to explain how news comes to the reader.
'starts with our reporters. We have two types nd provincial reporters. We get news
Es come to the news editor or the editor of the tems and send them to the particular section example all the sports news items are sent to sections the news items are sorted out again
a chief sub editor and there are several sub e for a page of the newspaper. The chief sub e. When news comes to the sub editors, they guage and the content of the news items and ws items are sent for type setting.
sub editor has to decide on the lay out of the items to appear on the particular page are set ation. There are page designers to do this task. s sent back to the sub editor for approval and ating. The printed newspaper never comes to
14

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the reader if not for the support of the distrit They distribute the newspapers all over the and read it leisurely. But the hardships and
Activity 6.19 Comprehen - Reading
After reading the text, answer the folloi
(1). Name the two types of reporters mei
(2). Who is responsible for the first page
(3). What are the responsibilities of the si
(4). Where is the page lay out designed?
(5). What is the final stage of publishing a
(6). Why do you think the distribution an
(7). List out the different people who help
paper with each person's responsibili
Activity 6.20 Group activ I Reading
Read the text and state whether the foll
A. (1). The news editor is responsible
newspaper.
(2). Each sub editor is supposed to
newspaper.

ution section and the transport section. -ountry. Finally, you buy the newspaper abour going into it are always hidden.
sion
ving questions.
ationed in the text.
of the newspaper?
ab editors?
i newspaper?
dtransport sections are important?
in the process of publishing a news ties.
ity
pwing statements are true or false.
or the page lay out of a
se responsible for a page of the
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Page 28
(3). Language and content
designer.
(4). Headings of the news
(5). Distribution and transp
process of publishing
(6). Type setting is done by
(7). Page lay out is designe
(8). Page is sent for printing
Read the text 'How News come process of the newspaper till th
Extended Activity 6.
Organize a class newspaper instructions to complete this
I Hold a meeting in the class ai
I Appoint an editor, chief sub {
Appoint the other staff like ty
I Get some students to be repi
Now activate the process. Yo newspaper.
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of a news item is checked by the page
tems are decided by the sub editors.
ort sections are not very important in the
news paper.
the sub editors.
dat the page designing section.
straight away from the page designing section.
es to us’ again and discuss the production e reader buys it.
21
wall newspaper. Follow the given activity.
and discuss a plan.
ditor and some sub editors.
pe setters and page designers.
orters.
ur teacher will help you to publish the :
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Activity 6.22 I Reading / Writing
Copy the flow chart in your writing book.
Read the text “How News Comes to Us box of the flow chart giving a step of the Use the words first, next, then, finally, a (One is done for you)
Then, the news items are section
Activity 6.23 Group activ
Write what you will do in preparation for long you took to do the poster, where you
17.

Pagain and write a sentence in each e process of publishing a newspaper. Fter that to give sequence.
sent to the particular
ity
a poster display. Describe how did it and who helped you to do it.
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Page 30
Satellite C
Have you looked at the sky on a cle there high up in the sky? There are i universe. Among them, if you look at t see blinking stars moving from nort understand that their movement is very so fast? They are man made stars; the
An artificial satellite is a spacecra
Artificial satellites are sent to space or
remote sensing, military purposes, spe of satellites is communication. They b communication satellites that we e Cup Football, Asian Games or the We BBC news come to us? How does th are communicated with the help of
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mmunication
Dudless clear night? What do you see
nillions of stars hiding the secrets of the he sky very carefully for sometime, you can ch to south or south to north and you will
fast. What are they? Why are they moving y are called artificial satellites.
ft. It orbits the Earth at a fixed distance.
various purposes such as communication, nce astronomy. However, the main purpose ring the world together. It is with the help of njoy the thrill of Olympic Games, World orld Cup Cricket Finals. How does CNN or e weather forecast come to us? They all
satellites orbiting the Earth.
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Page 31
The first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1 was 4th October 1957. It was a competition bet of America (USA) at the beginning. Later, India, and Japan too started launching thei mainly for communication. In 1945 the ho Clarke made a very famous statement ab with countries all over the world with the The world became a single village as a res are commercial communication satellite providing communication facilities for the
Geostationary satellites orbit the Earth at hours to orbit. That's why they appear alm sky. If you observe the sky for a few days y stars orbiting the Earth everyday at the sam than 3000 satellites orbiting the Earth.
All these satellites communicate with con places on the Earth. Dish antennas are used and a communication centre. In countries services people can receive T.V. programme all over the world with the help of a dish an communication centre is stationed at Pad
Colombo.
19

aunched by Soviet Russia (USSR) on ween the USSR and the United States other countries like France, China, rown satellites for various purposes, -noured Sri Lankan citizen Arthur C. -ut making communication possible elp of a spacecraft orbiting the Earth. ult of satellite communication. There es like TELSTAR, INTELSAT etc. vhole world.
a distance of 35900 km and take 24 ost at the same time of the day in the bu will be able to see these artificial e time. At the moment there are more
imunication stations built at various I to communicate between a satellite
where there are satellite television s telecast by hundreds of T.V. stations enna. In Sri Lanka the main satellite ukka, a few kilometers away from
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Activity 6.24 Comprel I Reading / Writing
Answer the following questions.
1. What is an artificial satellite?
2. What are the different purpose
3. Who made a historical stateme
4. Name five countries that have
5. How do satellites communicat
6. Why is Padukka mentioned in 7. What do you think is a commer
8. What are the international even
a result of satellite communicati
Activity 6.25 I Reading
Read the passage and find a phras
Artificial satellites
USSR USA Sputnik 1 TELSTAR
Activity 6.26 I Writing
Write an article to the school mag: are for human beings.
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tension
s of satellites being sent to space?
at about satellite communication?
sent their own satellites to the space.
! with the Earth?
the passage? cial communication satellite? its mentioned in the text that come to us as on?
e to describe the following:
Izine explaining how helpful the satellites
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Father of Information
Technology i
Professor V.K. Samaranayaka is a lanc Information and Communication Technol father of the field of ICT in Sri Lanka.
He was born in 1939 and studied in Rajagir College and Royal College in Colombo.
Mr. Samaranayaka entered the University student there. In 1961 he was awarded a fi ics. In the same year, he joined the Universi
Mathematics. In 1966, he was awarded tl London.
It is Professor Samaranayaka who intro University of Colombo in 1987. Since then improvement of ICT in this small island. E he taught computer technology to his stud available which was a total stranger to Samaranayaka's devotion to the field of co his students is always remembered by his st the future of ICT in Sri Lanka.

and Communication i Sri Lanka
Amark figure when talking about the pgy in Sri Lanka. He is regarded as the
iya Hewawitharana Vidyalaya, Ananda Having finished his school education,
of Ceylon in 1957. He was a brilliant st class honours degree in Mathematty of colombo as an assitant lecturer in Le Ph. D degree by the University of
oduced computer technology to the he has dedicated his whole life for the ven before that, as far back as in 1981, ents using the one and only computer Sri Lanka’s education system. Prof.
mputer education and his devotion to idents who, today, are responsible for
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During his period as a senior Profess Colombo, he pioneered in establishing of Colombo in 2002. He was the chair nology of Sri Lanka over a period of 1 2004, he headed the Information and C Lanka and did a great service to im played a key role in introducing ICT in "Nenasala’ centres in the villages. Mo temple, which he believed is the most believed in the leadership given by the nition of his services, he was awarded t ‘Vidya Jothi’ in 1998 by the Governn
This eminent son of Sri Lanka breath attending a review of the Swedish G programme in Stockholm, Sweden. remembered and honoured as a prou global village.
Activity 6.27 Comprel I Reading
(a)Read the text and answer the foll
1. What does ICT stands for ? 2. When did Prof. Samaranayak 3. What is the subject area of hi 4. Write the things he did to imp 5. What are the awards he got fi 6. Prof. Samaranayaka is called
Why do you think he is caller
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ir in computer science at the University of he School of Computing of the University nan of the council for Information Tech2 years from 1987 to 2000. From the year ommunication Technology Agency in Sri rove the field of ICT in the country. He o the rural areas of the country establishing st of the centres were based in the village prominent place in the village. He always temple in the Sri Lankan culture. In recogne honour of‘ Vidya Prasadini’ in 1997 and nent of Sri Lanka.
ed his last on the 6th of June in 2007 while overnment's ICT development assistance Though he is no more, his name will be d Sri Lankan who took his country to the
nension
owing questions.
a enter the university ? s first degree ? rove ICT in Sri Lanka. pm the Government ?
the ‘ father of ICT’ in Sri Lanka. - so ?

Page 35
(b) Give the meaning of the sentence “
words.
Write 3 sentences giving your own ideas
Activity 6.28 I Reading/ Writing
Fill in the following grid. Do it in you
Year
Event
birth
1957
was awarded the first
1961
started teaching con technology with one c
1987
1997 1998
pioneered the establis of the school of com
2004

hough he ......... village” in your own
about Professor V.K Samaranayaka.
- writing book.
Place/ Country / Organization
Colombo
: degree
| University of London
iputer ɔmputer
hment puting
Stockholm, Sweden
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Page 36
Read the poem and enjoy it.
erstar
The wires are so s
The wires are so still a
We never hear the w Yet messages fly far a I wonder if the birds o
And when they perch I wonder if they're list And telling out to eart Alovely word is goin
Annett
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till and high
and high ords go by
nd near can hear
on wires and sing tening th and sky
g by!
Wynne.
24

Page 37
Activity 6.29
Answer these questions orally. Then
writing book.
(a 1. What are these high wires?
2. Where do the messages fly to'
3. Who perch on wires?
4. Discuss the meaning of these t
out to earth and sky. Alovely v
b) 5. Write the meaning of the poem
Grammar
In this unit you come across the follo Underline the verb forms of the sente
eg. 1. In the ancient world archers were
2. The message was carved on a stor
3. Clay tablets were kept.
4. For this, a reader should know the
5. Each class can be divided into ten
6. The news items are sorted out agai

write down the answers in your
wo lines with the teacher “And telling word is going by !?”
in your own words.
wing sentences. nces.
employed to pass messages.
le sheet.
way books are arranged in a library.
groups.
n.
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Page 38
Discuss with your friends and the tea questions.
1. What is the name of this construct
2. When do you use this construction 3. What is the nature of the verb of a
* 4. Write the tense of each sentence i
Activity 6.30
Now try to change these sentence
1. Students organized the exhibition
2. Mr. Thilakasiri gave a nice presen
3. She writes these poems for childr
4. You can handle these machines ea
5. They print newspapers here.
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cher to find answers to the following
on?
sentence in this structure?
1 the space provided.
s into the passive voice.
tation to the students.
en.
sily.

Page 39
Enviro
Langu
Language Functions
i) Advising and warning
eg. don't go on like that.
ii) Expressing opinions
eg. that'll be interesting.
iii) Responding to poems
iv) Inviting - letter
v) Learning about a
process

nment
age Focus
Grammar
i) Use of conjunctive - if
(i) possibles probable (ii) imaginary (iii) impossible
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Page 40
Envir
The Future of C
I Reading / Role play Bryan : Hello Hannah Good
Hannah : Good morning. Here
Bryan : Oh, there's Nuwangi
Did you read today’s
Hannah
: No, I didn't have tim
Was there anything :
Bryan : Yes, there's a compe
(together) A competi
Hannah Anupa Sarojini Amarnath )
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onment 7
ur Environment
morning!
come Anupa and Amarnath.
Sarojini and Arundathi. newspaper?
e. I was busy with the ICT assignment. special?
tition.
tion!
28

Page 41
Bryan
: Yes, a competition. Ten friends with different abil
good environmente
Arundathi : Don’t go on like that. 1
Bryan : We have to make a mod
Amarnath : A Zero Carbon City!
Anupa : It is to do with reducing
and Japan they are doing
Sarojini : Bryan , tell us more abo
to do?
Bryan
: We have to make a moc line is the 20th of March. real challenge.
Anupa
: That'll be interesting. I
Specially with rigifoam I can do it.
Bryan
: We can't use rigifoam.
friendly materials like v
Hannah : Clay cracks when it drie
cracking.
Amarnath : There goes the bell.
Bryan
: OK. Let’s all collect inf
the internet and meet ag Then we can pool all o going to do.
Arundathi : To win the competition
Arundathi : That's good. Nuwangi : Let's meet then. Seven o
29

of us can take part. We need ities, artists, handicraft specialists, lists..
ell us what it is about.
el of a 'Zero Carbon City
Vhat's that?
s the greenhouse effect. In the USA
it in a big way.
ut this competition. What do we have
del of a carbon free city. The dead
We have very little time. It is a
am very good at making models. i sheets. If you tell me the plan,
We can only use environmentally vood, pulp, clay etc.
es. It is very ugly once it starts
ormation from adults, magazines and ain first thing tomorrow morning. ir ideas and decide what we are
ve must have some innovative ideas.
clock tomorrow. Let’s run.
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Page 42
Activity 7.1 Group word I Writing
Look at the phrases in bold type in Select the right meaning and copy
There goes the bell: 1) the bell rang :
3) the bell rings da
First thing
: 1) to be done bef
2) what you see fi
Pool all your ideas: 1) put your ideas
2) get all your id 3) Make a pool o
Go on:
1) continue 2) ch
A real challenge : 1) to call for a fig
3) to do somethi
A big way: 1) on a wide road
3) completely co Activity 7.2 Comprehen I Speaking / Writing
Discuss in groups and use your
a) What is the competition aboi b) How many students can take c) Why can't Anupa use rigif d) Why do you think they hav e) From where else do you th
for their work? f) Why do they need innovat
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the dialogue: it in your writing book:
!) the bell went away.
ly
pre doing anything else. est. 3) come first and do it.
into the pool eas together f students with good ideas.
sering 3) encourage
ght 2) a demanding and difficult task ng real.
a 2) a big show
mmitted nsion
writing books to write the answers.
- part?
Dam?
e introduced a rule like that? ink they can collect information
ve ideas? What are they?

Page 43
Activity 7.3 I Reading / Writing
A. Look at this dictionary entry.
a) The dictionary tells us how to pror b) It tells us what the word is. Here ‘ c) It also gives different meanings foi
Copy this entry under a, b, c in your wri and adv.
environment (in'vanarar roundings and conditions lives. 2 conditions or circi external conditions affec and animals. 4 a structure from inside as a work |-'ment(ə)1/ adj. environ environmentalist in v
person who is concerne protection of the enviro considers that environm fluence on the developme environmentalism n
Activity 7.4 Group work I Reading /Writing
List the words you find difficult to under 'environment’.
Refer to a dictionary and copy the entry one member of the group can do one wo each other's.
31

ounce the word.
’ means it is a noun.
the same word.
ting book. Write the full word for adj.
amant/ n. 1 physical sur-, esp. as affecting people's umstances of living. 3 Ecol. ting the growth of plants
designed to be experienced of art. Do environmental nentally 'mentalı/ adv. avərən'mentalist/ n. 1 a d with or advocates the nment. 2 a person who ent has the primary init of a person or group. Do
stand from the dictionary entry on
under a, b, c
•d. Then the members can read
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Page 44
Activity 7.5
Write at least five more words tha letters in bold type: Draw the grid
specially
competition eg. repetition
Activity 7.6 Group w I Speaking / Writing
Excess Carbon in the atmosphere plant lives. Man is now concerned has started in exploiting nature. Complete the grid with relevant
item
usel need
refrigerators
air conditioners
hair sprays
fossil fuels
vehicles factories industries
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t have the same sound at the end as the in your writing book and fill it.
innovative
Collected
ork
e is bad for the health of all animal and
with the task of reversing a process he
information.
poisonous gas
improvement
carbon dioxide
leaded carbon monoxide | lead - free
32

Page 45
Activity 7.7 I Reading /Speaking
(a) Design an advertisement to be publis
newspaper calling for applications to First find the information for the foll
Title:- Last day for entry:- Who can compete:- Material that can be used:-
(b) Then provide information for the foll
Who is calling for the competition Where are the applications sent to? How many words can be used? When will the winners be announc
(C) Finally decide on the following.
using colours using designs and pictures using different sizes of words
Activity 7.8
Writing
Copy the following exercise onto your w the given words.
an advertisement, attention, attract respond, the contact, understand
An advertisement must be ... reader. The language must be ... it easily. The reader must be able to address is a must in. clear is ...
.A....
33

hed in the children's corner of a daily o make a model of a zero carbon city. Dwing from the dialogue.
owing
ed?
criting book and fill in the blanks with
ve, a failure, beautiful, clear,
.. It must get the .....
. of the -. The reader must be able to ... ....... to the advertisement. ..
..... advertisement that is not
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Page 46
Group work
Display the advertisement for ever Copy the criteria onto a paper. Then mark them on the given critei Add any other feature you think is i
Criteria
An attractive layout
Visually appealing
Has used precise language
Has provided address contact person and number
Activity 7.9 I Speaking
Tell the class about the advertisemen Refer to the criteria and other signifi total marks given to the advertiseme
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y group to see.
ria.
mportant.
marks
0-8
5-4
7-6 В
3-1
D
t your group has selected as the best. cant features. Begin by mentioning the
nt.

Page 47
The Future of th Pre Questions Discuss the following questions wit a.) What is environment? b.) What have you heard
about the future of the environment?
c.)
Have you read any articles, seen programmes on the Discovery Channel or National Geographic programmes about the greenhouse effect?
Activity 7.10 I Reading
Now read the lesson and write down greenhouse effect.
(1) What is greenhouse effect? Th environmentalists, scientists and many the earth for the next generation and foi (2) The greenhouse effect is nothing st and helps to heat the earth's surface and tł effect, the temperature on this earth woul rather than the present fifteen degrees

Le Environment
h your friends.
reasons for climatic change and
mis is a common word used by the
others who are interested in protecting r many more generations to come. range. It is a natural process that occurs ne atmosphere. If not for the greenhouse d be minus eighteen degrees centigrade centigrade. We would have frozen to
death if not for the greenhouse effect. (3) If that is the situation why is everyone talking about the greenhouse effect, global warming and climatic changes? It is because of the increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Let us see what
has actually happened.
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Page 48
(4) 51% of the energy from the sun r used for many processes including heating o of water and photosynthesis. The balan space. But this does not happen due to the dioxide, Methane, Nitrous Oxide etc. These gases trap the excess, out going heat energy and additional heat is added to the atmosphere. (5) How have humans contributed to this phenomenon? The industrial revolution, development and also human interference with nature have caused a great amount of greenhouse gases to be emitted into the earth's atmosphere. Scientists have predicted that the greenhouse effect will be enhanced. It is
whether Global Warming and the climati There is a lot of research being done and reducing the amount of Carbon emission you go to a petrol station you can see a bo octane petrol lead free which is environme
IEDERE
Industry
Transportation
Ore smelting
(6) Carbon dioxide levels are expected of fossil fuels. The rate of rise will depend fuels.
For free distribution
3

says that reaches the surface of the earth is fthe earth's surface, melting ice, evaporation ce energy is expected to be reflected into presence of greenhouse gases like Carbon
not yet confirmed but there are doubts as to c changes are due to the greenhouse effect.
many countries have started working on into the atmosphere. Even in Sri Lanka if pard on every petrol pump which reads 90 ent friendly.
nical transforma
Dry deposition
Particulares, gases i 1
Wet deposition
Electricity generation
to rise further due to the ongoing burning on the usage and the availability of fossil

Page 49
(7) The increase in global temperature c sea levels, creating extreme weather conditi retreat, species extinctions and the increas like mosquitoes.
(8) Concerned citizens who do not wa children have done a lot to find out hov done to save the situation. One very positi is through children to their parents.
Activity 7.11 Pair work I Reading /Writing
These sentences a) to h) are the summa reading passage. Write (1) in your writi carries the summary of the first paragra
a) Gases from fossil fuels will be produce
b) Children can help interested adults
c) Greenhouse effect is a problem be
gases.
d) Environmentalists and some other:
earth.
e) Greenhouse effect helps to heat the e
f) The heat from the sun is not reflec
gases which absorb the heat.
g) Development has helped to increa
and man is now trying to reduce ci
h) The increase in global temperatures i
man in many ways.

n in turn cause other changes like rising Ins, changes in agricultural fields, glazier e in breeding of disease carrying insects
nt to leave a legacy of disaster for our
this is happening and what could be re and sure way of carrying the message
ries of the paragraphs (1)-(8) of the ng book and copy the sentence that iph.
ced as long as fuels exist.
- to save the earth.
cause of the increasing greenhouse
s are interested in protecting the
arth from the freezing cold.
ted due to the presence of greenhouse
se the presence of greenhouse gases arbon in the atmosphere.
create problems that affect
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Page 50
Activity 7.12 Group wa
Reading
Get into groups. Read the text and 1 greenhouse gases. Draw this grid in y
Good effects
Activity 7.13
Vocabulary /Writing
(A) Refer to a dictionary and find ther reading text. Find out whether the wo adverb as in Activity 7.3
(B) Look at the illustrations given in tl
Environment’.
Write a sentence on each of the following.
I The people I Where they are I What they are doing I What they are looking at
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rk
ind the good and bad effects of the our writing book and fill it.
Bad effects
neaning of the words in bold type in the rd is a noun, a verb, an adjective or an
ne reading passage - The Future of the

Page 51
Activity 7.14 Comprehe
Reading / Writing Read the text and find answers to t. writing book.
(A) 1. Explain the term greenhouse effect
2. Give the opposite of the following w i) heating ii) positive iii) enhan 3. Name three main greenhouse gas 4. Are scientists sure that the change
effect? 5. What have human beings done to 6. What will happen in the future if
7. Name two problems that could be o (B) 8. Why should the parents be given t
Activity 7.15
The grade 11 students have started Write a formal letter inviting the envi speech at the inaugural meeting.Tell topic: “What students can do to prote Use this format and write in your writi
C——
----
Name of Environmentalist, Designation (If he has one) option Address....
Dear sir, Topic
(Remember it should be short and in one paragraph)
39

nsion
re following. Write them in your
in your own words. ords: ced iv) rise v) natural
:S.
of climate is due to the greenhouse
make the situation worse? his process is continued? aused by the increase in global warming. he message through the children?
an Environmental Brigade. ronmentalist Mr. U.K. Herath for a him the date, time, venue and the ect the environment’. ng book.
Name of school.... address. date.
al.
to the point. Write only one idea |
Yours faithfully, Signature
Name/post
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Page 52
Wind
air di
ing igitur
Bf
Activity 7.16 I Reading / Writing This is the speech made by Mr. Herat for the meeting: Read it and make aj protect the environment?”
Good morning, distinguished visit Brigade. I am U.K. Herath. I work as al started as a scientist. I must first thank you inaugural meeting. It has been my dream to their homes and villages.
Ialso thank the principal and
Ar teachers. I am sure they took an initiative to form this Brigade. It
venti is very important that we start thinking of our environment and our surroundings. If we want to leadhealthy lives we have to save our world. One main problem is the excess greenhouse gasesin our atmosphere. i.e. carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide etc. Answer these Questions. 1. List those whom Mr. Herath
thanked. Write the reason
against each name. 2. What is required for healthy
living?
We can help cut the amount of greenhouse gases that we release into the atmosphere.
sewage
to use Travelling consumes fossil fuel. This can travel in one car rather than many cars goi a bicycle or go in public transport and save en
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h, the environmentalist when he came Foster with the topic: How can we
ors and members of the Environmental full time environmentalist now although I for inviting me as the guest speaker for your Eo talk to children, who can take the message
i environment friendly house
driven ventilator. Fresh -awn from outside to late the house
rainwater collection used to flush toilets
solar power used in the house
Trap sunlight for power
treatment system vaste water
Underground wood chip power
be reduced by car pooling – many people ng to the same place. We can also walk, ride ergy.

Page 53
We can educate ourselves on preventing e are many books in the library on the subject.
must know what is happening and what has a in climate and the environment. We can ther the latest information.
I also think we will be able to save electi habit of switching offlights when we leave : the television when we have finished with it. There are cars too that are made to use les electricity we save, the less gases are sent o
Planting trees is another way of helping Trees reduce greenhouse gases in the atmosph breathe out oxygen. Through this process tl
We can buy recycled products. We ca that we can use fewer bags. We will be usi helps a lot too. If we have three garbage cans at home and collect bottles and tins and paper separately,.
we can recycle them. It will help to solve the biggest environmental problem of
waste removal and dumping. We can also make compost fertilizer if we have a bin where we can put our biodegradable garbage. Then we can use natural fertilizer for our vegetable plots and flower plants.
We have a lot of sunlight. Sunlight is wasted. If it is harvested we can use solar power for our work. This is environi water and use it for washing. All houses i harvest the rain water.

IE
ivironmental pollution by reading. There The librarian will be able to help you. We ready been found out about these changes talk to our friends and families and share
icity. It is simple. We have to get into the i room, and switching off the computer or We can buy appliances that use less energy. energy. This can help a lot as the more ut into the atmosphere.
to reduce environmental pollution. ere as they breathe in carbon dioxide and he environment is purified and protected.
n use polythene bags more than once so ng only half the amount then. Recycling
History
Chemistry
man Heath
Laws & Regulations
Disposal
Ecosystems
nental friendly. We can also collect rain must be built in such a way that we can
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Page 54
The government can also play a part i help- at a buy now and pay later“ basis. The
Many things like computers, radios etc. energy. We can buy products that hav refrigerators. So when our parents do products.
Children of today have to face this chal an investment for the future.
I thank you for listening to me and I hoj home and in your village. Thank you.
Activity 7.17 Comprel I Reading / Writing
1. How can we save electricity? 2. What is the advantage of saving elec 3. How can ‘recycling’ help us? 4. What is the latest source of power m 5. Why should houses be built in speci
B. Write the lines that tell you this is
Use your writing book and write thre
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and give solar panels to people who like to a they can pay in small affordable instalments. have the ENERGY STAR. They use less e this symbol. We also have CFC free -urchase we can help them to buy such
lenge. We have a better world to live in, it is
pe you will really make a difference in your
mension
tricity?
mentioned in this passage? al ways?
I speech.
e reasons why you think this is a speech.
2

Page 55
Activity 7.18 Group wor
Identify a site that causes environm unpolluted air, and design a poster.
Activity 7.19 Group wo1 Discuss how humans interfere with natur your village: eg. sand mining, cutting tre of gases from factories, sending waste work places, sea erosion, burning of lan
CHOPPING DOWN ALL OF THE T A CLEAR VIEW OF THE DEVASTI BY CHOPPING DOWN ALL OF THE
Read the caption of this picture, Rea repetition of words. There is a pun on t| the meaning.
Activity 7.20 - Writing
Write a letter of protest to the Municip area and request them to do something to some suggestions on how the problem

ental pollution / a source of fresh
•k
e in your area or in the villages around es, burning lime, gem mining, emitting water to waterways from industrial d for chena cultivation etc.
REES GIVES YOU ATION CAUSED IE TREES.
d it over and over again. Notice the he words. Tell your teacher to explain
al /Urban /Village council in your stop this menace in activity. 7.19.Make can be solved. Use your writing book.
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Page 56
Enrichment
Read the poem about ·
The
Great, wide beautiful, wone With the wonderful waters And the wonderful grass u
World, you are beautifully The wonderful air is overn And the wonderful wind is It walks on the water and w And talks to itself, on the to
You friendly earth how far With the wheat-fields that With cities and gardens, an And people upon you for th
Ah! you are so great and I I tremble to think of you, V And yet when I said my pr: A whisper inside me seeme
“You are more than the Ea Though you are such a dot
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The World" and enjoy it.
World
lerful world
round you curled pon your breastdressed.
ne, shaking the tree; =hirls the mills, p of the hills,
do you go, nod and the rivers that flow;
d cliffs, and isles Lousands of miles?
am so small, Vorld, at all Iyers today, d to say,
rth,

Page 57
Activity 7.21
Pair work:
According to the poem hov
world? b. Group work I Reading
a) What words rhyme? b) The lines in the last stanza do not rhy
1. Find three adjectives used to desc 2. How does the child feel when he 3. Write three phrases that show the 4. What did the child hear? 5. Write what you feel or think abou
Activity 7.22 I Reading
Bryan wrote a letter to his pen-friend Brigade and what the speaker said at the he got. Read it.
Dear Bryan,
Thank you for the informative let Environmental Brigade in your school. V healthier society. We too have started a yol vegetarians' club. Now I am a vegetarian. I

are ‘you’ greater than the
me. Does it matter? Discuss in pairs: ribe the world. thinks of the world?
child is talking to the world.
t the earth.
Manuel about their Environmental e inaugural meeting. This is the reply
11/24, Saywell Road,
Macquarie fields, NSW 2564, Australia. 12th February 2008
ter. I am glad that you have started an Je too are working towards a better and ath club in our area. It is different. It is a Il tell you all about it.
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Page 58
Meat and fish production is da emitting livestock contribute massive
warming”. Ammonia from animal waste : rain, which kills aquatic and plant life. Live resources. Milions of people go hungry and thirsty in the developing world, while grain and water is squandered on rearing animals to be slaughtered for food in the developed world. Millions of hectares of life sustaining rain forests are destroyed to create grazing pasture for cattle. Over – fishing of the earth's oceans has decimated fish population to the poin
Our youth club decided on a vegetari over the world, who are vegetarians nov popular everywhere. A vegetarian diet ca need, provided you get the right balance o plenty of fruits and vegetables.
They provide not only vitamins and m digestive system healthy. I feel very healt my favourite game, everyday. Think ab youth of today can make a difference.
Write to me soon. Convey my kind reg
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maging the Earth beyond repair. Methane ly to the “Greenhouse effect and global
nd agricultural fertilizers contributed to acid stock farming makes inefficient use of limited
OXYGE
nt of near extinction of many species. an choice. There are millions of people all V. A vegetarian lifestyle is becoming more an provide all the nutrients and energy you of food. A healthy vegetarian diet contains
inerals, but also fibre which keeps the iy now and I have a good game of football, but what I have said. Our teacher said the
jards to your family.
Your loving friend,
Manuel.

Page 59
Activity 7.23 I Writing
Read Manuel's letter again. Write info two topics in your writing book. Good points of a vegetarian diet.
Things that ruin the environment
Activity 7.24
I Writing
Write an article for the children's new be 'environmental friendly". Use abo writing book.
Activity 7.25 Group wor
I Speaking
Look at the Green Quiz given belov questions carefully. Get into groups. ] Then calculate your score. Ask the ott have fared. You may use the following c
How much did you score?
Why did you get such a lov Or
How did you get such a hig
For which point/s did you g Say: I got only .... Ilost points for number/s Discuss in your group how you can be ‘E
47

rmation from his letter under these
spaper about how you can help to ut 150-200 words. Write in your
v. Copy it on to a paper. Read the First tick the boxes on your own. mer members of the group how they questions.
u score? (if they have a low score) h score? et full marks? ...I gained points for number /s... ereen
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Page 60
How Green Are
Tick
Questions
1. Do you reuse old newspapers.
boxes, etc.? | 2. Do you plant trees or flowers in
your neighbourhood or in school?
| 3. Do you switch off lights and fans
after you leave a room at home or
in school? | 4. Do you tell people to be kind to
animals?
| 5. Do you ask your friends and
parents not to use plastic bags? | 6. Do you close taps properly in
your house? |7. Do you ask people not to burn
leaves on the roadside?
| 8. Do you use the unused pages of
your old notebook?
|9. When you visit a park, do you ask
people to throw things into a dustbin? 10. When you visit the zo0, do you
tell people not to tease the animals?
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You? A green quiz
the box
VERY LWAYS.
|SOMETIMES | RARELY
OFTEN - marks
2 marks
1 mark 3 marks KSCORETICK|SCORETICK SCORETICK| SCORE
18

Page 61
Activity 7.26 Group wo a. I Planning
Project 1 :
Collect as much information as you ca of climate in the world and what has
make a difference. Now make a portfolio with the informat Facts to remember when making a portfolio * You can make use of a Bristol boa
together. One rule you have to remember i portfolio. Any information is written or pr portfolio. The front page will have the nar owner or the members of the gre Other information can be include information collected on the subje Both sides of the file covers can b The portfolio can be used to mak a story or any project done in cla Each student can make his or her e You can show originality, imaginat You can try to produce it in a new You can collect all the portfolio Ask yourself -- What do we nee should we use? Who might be ab research? It will look like the figure given ab
Have an exhibition of the portfolio b. I Writing
Now write instructions on how to m: for you. Write it in your writing book eg. i. Use a Bristol board or two file co
49

ork
n about the greenhouse effect, change been done in Sri Lanka and abroad to
fion collected.
ard or two file covers pasted
s that nothing is written on the
rinted on paper and pasted on the
me of the project and the names of the pup. d by pasting pictures and
e used. e a summary of a lesson, and to write
asS. own portfolio. ion and skill.
way. s and have an exhibition. d to know? Which resources le to help us? How can we do
-Ove
ake a portfolio: The first one is done
vers pasted together.
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Page 62
Grammar (A) I Conjunctive:
if - type I - Possible/ Prob We have used ‘ifbefore: A present tense clause of condition can t clause of result, to make possible conditi eg. If you look after the environ
We can save water, if we use
(There is still room for you to fulfil the co
Activity 7.27
Match a condition from Awith a i in your writing book.
i. If you cut the trees
ii. If the ozone layer is
damaged
iii. If you become a vegetarian
iv. If Sri Lanka becomes a
desert
v. If all the children get together
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able
se joined to a future tense subordinate Dnals.
ment, it will look after you.
water carefully.
ndition and reap the results)
result from B and write the sentences
you can help to reduce animal suffering
we will not have water for our daily needs.
we can make this world a better place to live in.
the rain fall will be reduced.
numan beings will suffer from UV radiation of the sun rays.
50

Page 63
(B) I Conjunctive:
if - type II - Imaginary
You can also write about your wishes, hop we use I were and not Iwas in ‘ifo conditio
eg. If I were a carpenter, I could mak
I would build a house if I won al If I had a solar powered car I.
(There is only a possibility of these things Activity 7.28
The words in the sentences are jum. correct order and write the sentence
1. If I/ a vegetarian/ I /were /meat or fi 2. / natural fertilizer/ would use/ if / my o 3. Sri Lanka/ a desert/ if we /all the trees. 4. IfI went/ there is no life there /I could
(C) I Conjunctive:
if - type III - Impossible
You can also use ‘if” as a conjunctive to joir
eg. If you had studied, you woul (As he did not study he failed the e He would have bought the house
51

es and aspirations using ‘ifo. (Notice that nals type II imaginary/ if) e my own furniture.
ottery. puld save money and fuel.
happening)
bled. Arrange the words in the is in your writing book.
sh./ wouldn't eat/ own vegetable garden./I had/ - /would become/ cut down/ find out / to the moon/ why /
a two actions that do not take place.
I have passed the examination. examination.)
if he had won the lottery.
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Page 64
Activity 7.29
a) Fill in one of the blanks with
1. .........ne
....he could have joined the ve fish and meat.
2. ..
........we play outdoors,.
3. ....
...we had planted two trees would not have such dry weather.
4. ........
. she could have won the
others
...the teacher starts an envir
| b) Group work:
Get into groups and make 9 sentence Probable, Imaginary and Impossible
Type I: Possible/ Probable
eg.
Type II: Imaginary
eg.
Type III : Impossible.
eg.
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if' to make a correct sentence.
egetarian club...... he had not eaten
we will be healthy.
for every tree that we cut, ........we
race .......... she had practised with the
onmental club, ........I like to join it.
es using ‘ifo. They can be Possibles
52

Page 65
I Enrichment
Read the poem silently and think wh:
The Wonder
How you express your thoughts is ev. thoughts themselves.
Never let a thought shrivel and die For want of a way to say it, For English is a wonderful game And all of you can play it. All that you do is match the words To the brightest thoughts in your h So that they come out clear and tru And handsomely groomed and fed For many of the loveliest things
Have never yet been said. Words are the food and dress of the They give it its body and swing, And everyone's longing today to h A fresh and beautiful thing But only words can free a thought From its prison behind your eyes May be your mind is holding now A marvellous new surprise.

t it is trying to tell you
ful Words
en more important than the
Reavenly
కీర్తి
Alce,
ead
wow delight
Mpao
pught,
ear
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Page 66
Activity 7.30 Group w a) i Speaking / Writing
Discuss the questions in your gro Find the answers and write them
1. What do you think the poem is ab
2. How can one play the ‘wonderful {
3. What are words compared to?
4. How do they affect our thoughts?
5. How can we free our thoughts fror,
6. What do you think the following pl
a) For want of a way to say it. b) Handsomely groomed and f c) Prison behind your eyes. d) Shrivel and die e) Clear and true
b) I Writing
Write a short explanation about w your writing book.
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ork
p.
En your writing books.
put?
game' of English?
nour minds?
arases mean?
ed.
hat the writer wants you to do in

Page 67
Globali
Langua;
Language Functions
i) Greeting someone e.g. Good Evening!
ii) Introducing oneself e.g. I'm Professor Rudolf
I'm Thilak.
iii) Introducing friends.
e.g. These are my friends,
Dileepa, Ravi, Abdul and Sita.

zation.
ge Focus
Grammar
i) Word Classes :
Nouns- e.g. radio Adjectives - e.g. happy Verbs- e.g. tell
ii) Prepositions, Adverbs - e.g. of, really
iii) Simple sentences:
e.g. Some people see
globalization as a positive factor.
iv) Complex sentences:
e.g. There are also some
people who have mixed feelings about globalization.
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Page 68
Glob
I Role play
Tilak, Dileepa, Rani, Abdul and Sita a house School. They are interviewing P Global Studies in order to gather globalization for the school day.
Thilak -- Good evening! Profes
Dileepa, Rani, Abdul house School.
Professor - Good evening!
Students -- Good evening!
Dileepa
- We have heard that yo
We are indeed privileg
Professor - You are welcome!
Sita
:Professor, to begin wi
something about yours
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alization 8
are five students of the Habarana Light'rofessor Rudolf Globeling, a specialist in information to prepare a brochure on
sor, I am Thilak and these are my friends and Sita. We are from the Habarana Light
u are a specialist in Global Studies. ted to have a discussion with you.
h if you don't mind, could you tell us elf?
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Page 69
Professor :- I'm Rudolf Globeling. I
Global Studies in the Ins Pacific Region.
Abdul
:- We are interested in Glo
it is ?
Professor - Yes. It is an interesting to
has spread to the whole
Rani
- The whole world! howl
Professor : Through contacts made
these contacts through sa device that is sent into si another planet.
Sita
: How do satellites help us
Professor -- The radio or television wi
satellites. Things happen through satellites.
Abdul : What's a global village th
Professor : That's an intelligent ques
seeing the whole world a electronic communicatio
Sita
: Professor, what are the a
Professor : Communication, environ
relationships, almost ever
Abdul
: Could you tell us someth Professor : That is sharing experien
people and events.

vork as the Professor of History and itute of Global Studies in the Asia
palization’. Could you tell us what
pic. You know, Abdul. Globalization vorld.
as it happened ?
across the world, countries make tellites. A satellite is an electronic pace. It moves around the earth or
Fll receive messages through
ning around the globe are known
len ?
tion. Aglobal village is really as a single community connected by
n systems.
reas that come under globalization ?
ment, technology, making ything. ing more on making relationships ? ces and learning more and more about
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Page 70
Rani
- You mean globalizati
The food we eat, the the entertainment we buy etc.
Professor - Exactly. You got the p
What do you think of
Dileepa : I think we can bringt
Am I correct?
Professor :- I am happy that you hi
My advice to you is to and enrich your know It is a good source of i
Students : Thank you professor i
valuable comments.
Professor - Thank you too. Students - Goodbye!.
Professor : Goodbye!
Activity 8.1 Compreher
Give the answers in complete senten
a 1. What was the interview abot
2. Who started the interview? 3. How many students took pa 4. From which school did the st 5. What is a Global Village ? 6. What are the plans for the fu 7. Mention the areas of globaliz
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-n deals with every part of life ? clothes we wear, the education we get, nave, the games we play, the toys we
oint Rani. Now, I have a question. globalization ?
he whole world to our doorstep.
ave got the idea about globalization.
be familiar with information technology Ledge further. Link up with the internet. nformation.
For your patience, cooperation and
ision
ces.
it?
tin the interview? udents participate ?
ure according to Dileepa ? ition.
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Page 71
Activity 8.5 Pair work I Speaking / Writing
a) The table below gives some questi
questions with the responses. Cop order.
b) Use the question and response an
partner. Take turns and role play hesitation.
a) Do you like your work ?
I am Finla Son a
b) Where does your wife work ?
My s daug
c) Do you have children ?
Му у
She
d) Does your wife practise
medicine ?
It is c
e) Will you introduce yourself
please, professor.
f) What is your wife called?
It’s S Some
g) Do you do any sports ?
I had Ther high
Oh!
h) Where did you have your
education ?
am. You mag
skill
5S

ons and answers. Match the
them on to your writing book in
I have a conversation with your
ill you can do so without any
Professor Rudolf Globeling. I am from nd. I am married. I have two children, a nd a daughter. My wife is a doctor.
on is Kevin and he is sixteen. My hter is Helen and she is fourteen.
vife is Jessica.
works at St. Mary's Hospital in London.
cardiology.
occer. I play soccer whenever I find e free time.
my primary education in London. I joined a university in Scotland for er studies.
I am very happy and proud of what I I think I have a message for you too.
must work hard. Read books, azines and improve your English and IT
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Page 72
Activity 8.3 A Reading / Writing
Copy the grid into your writing b adverbs from the dialogue and co
Adjectives
Nouns
young
children
Activity 8.4 I Reading / Writing
Copy the text into your writing boo blanks of the text given.
Dileepa, Rani, Abdul, Sita Rudolf Globeling on globalizat themselves. Professor Globeling
studies. The students asked s
globalization and the Professor
them about
about a
electronic
radio and television. The students
enjoyed the interview very much.
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pok. Find adjectives, nouns, verbs and
mplete the grid.
Verbs
Adverbs
want
peacefully
k. Read the dialogue and complete the
i and Thilak interviewed Professor
tion. Thilak
was a..
. in global
everal
. on
answered them well. He also told
The students were interested to know
The Professor said that it was an
. used for .
... by of the Habarana Lighthouse School

Page 73
Activity 8.5 Pair work I Speaking / Writing
a) The table below gives some questi
questions with the responses. Copy order.
b) Use the question and response and
partner. Take turns and role play t hesitation.
a) Do you like your work ?
I am P Finlar son ar
b) Where does your wife work ?
My so daugh
c) Do you have children ?
My W
She w
d) Does your wife practise
medicine ?
It is ca
e) Will you introduce yourself
please, professor.
f) What is your wife called?
It’s so
some
g) Do you do any sports ?
I had r
Then I
higher
h) Where did you have your
education ?
Oh! I am. It You m magaz skills.
61

ons and answers. Match the
them on to your writing book in
have a conversation with your All you can do so without any
Professor Rudolf Globeling. I am from
d. I am married. I have two children, a ad a daughter. My wife is a doctor.
-n is Kevin and he is sixteen. My ter is Helen and she is fourteen.
ife is Jessica.
orks at St. Mary's Hospital in London.
rdiology.
ccer. I play soccer whenever I find free time.
ny primary education in London. ljoined a university in Scotland for ' studies.
am very happy and proud of what I think I have a message for you too. must work hard. Read books, cines and improve your English and IT
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Page 74
Activity 8.6 I Reading / Writing
A sentence with one main verb is sentence taken from the dialogue. write them in your writing book.
eg. It is an interesting topic.
Here are two simple sentences with subj Study them carefully.
Subject
Ver
Good children
lov
They
res
Copy the grid into your writing book. these sentences and fill in the grid.
a) Children obey the b) They read books. c) They help their frie d) They share many th e) Good children gui
Now write five similar sentences in yo
Subject
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a simple sentence. Here is one such
Find three other sentences and
ect, verb and object.
Object
e
their parents
pect
the elders
Find the subject, verb and object of
ir teachers.
Ends.
nings.
de their brothers and sisters.
our writing book.
erb
Object
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Page 75
Activity 8.7 I Reading / Writing
Read the paragraphs and match them w the headlines into your writing book, and graph against the topic.
Headli 1. Globalization - different views ong lob 2. Globalization at work. 3.The future of globalization.
(A) Globalization is a historical proces dated back to the 5th and 6th centuries BC. globalization. The silk route connected th considered English were introduced to Bri had come in the 18th century.
(B) Some people see globalization as a cultures around the world. It promotes unit of different societies. Others have a nega They believe that stronger nations impos There are also some people who have mix
(C) Globalization connects various kine ideas, opinions and cultures. The most ob furniture, crockery, cutlery and vehicles et global village.
(D) Today great attention is drawn towar the internet and other communication tech creating a great interest in globalization. T globalization, seeing it as Westernization.) West to East but also from the East to We
(E) There are two views on the future o continue with the high rate of globalization it reaches the climax?
63

ith the headlines given below. Copy write the correct number of the para
nes alization.
4. History of globalization. 5. Communication and globalization.
s. The start of globalization could be
The silk route is a good example of ne West with the East. Forks that are itain as late as the 19th century. Spoons
positive factor. They say it links y and understanding among people tive attitude towards globalization. e their cultures on weaker societies. ed feelings about globalization.
Is of global relations such as sharing vious is the use of things’ ,clothes, c. Therefore the world has become a
ds globalization. The development of nologies have played a major role in he developing countries tend to fear But globalization is not only from the
st.
f globalization. Will the 21st century or will globalization slow down once
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Page 76
Activity 8.8 Group w I Reading / Speaking
Reorder the paragraphs if you like. the first and the last.
Give reasons.
because
Find out from other groups whether
Activity 8.9 I Reading / Speaking
Read paragaphs 2 and 3 in gr globalization. You may use the follov on golobalization giving your view golobalization.
a) According to my opi
b) As far as I think.
c) To my knowledge...
d) Globalization is gol
e) It is not harmful as.
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ork
Select the paragraphs you like to have as
Use , since, as, for
'you agree to that.
pups; Express your own feelings on
ving phrases. You can have a class debate as on advantages and disadvantages of
inion....
-d because..
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Page 77
I Reading
Read the text given below.
Techno
Technology refers to all tools and ways o procedures. Tools include utensils, devices, n methods are techniques and ways of doing th
In a broad sense technology is “Man's a areas are “Construction technology”, “Compu Technology develops and changes over time ar Students should have a good knowledge of te times .So it is necessary to improve English and be ready to face the challenges of the glo
Activity 8.10 Pair work Vocabulary study
Write numbers 1-10 in your writing boool
Read the text and find the appropriat words given within backets. check the
....device
Technology refers to all tools and ways o procedures. Tools include 1..... In a broad sense 3...
..is man's abili areas are 5.................... technology, Comput nology. Technology develops and 7.... replaced with new technologies. Students 9 technology to keep pace with the 10. improve English and learn more and on te global village. (constantly, construction, nature, technolog structures, utensils)
65

logy
fdoing things. Ways of doing things are machinery, inventions and structures. The ings.
bility to control nature” Some specific ter tecnology” and “Medical technology”. ud is constantly replaced with new models. chnology to keep pace with the changing and read more and more on technology bal village in the future.
e word for the blank from the
answers with your partner.
fdoing things. Ways of doing things are s, machinery, inventions and 2.... ty to control 4.
... The specific er technology and 6..
... tech... over time and is 8.
.. have a good knowledge of ..... times. So it is necessary to chnology to face the challenges of the
y, changes, should, medical, changing,
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Page 78
Activity 8.11 I Writing
Technology has helped man to de of modern machines that are useful ; living. Some of them are given in t} Washing machine, oven, refrigerato. television, telephone, computer, i calculator, adding machines, p. machines, overhead projector, toaste What are these modern machines us 2 or 3 sentences on each machine a example.
eg. Washing machine is very popula
It is used in houses to wash and
You may write your senten
a) Houses
b) School c) A post office d) A dispensary e). A super market
Activity 8.12 Group w I Writing List 5 household mechanical aids in the same itmes are there.
Now in groups take one item ar
Imake
what it is used for etc.
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velop a series for day to day le box below.
dish washer, Fax machine, oto copying
ed for? Write s given in the
r today. clean clothes.
ces under the following headings.
f) A communication centre g) Bank h) A police station
1) A shopping complex j) A cooperative store
Jork
A your house. Check with others whether
ad write a short description of the item on

Page 79
I Reading
The inte
The internet is a huge network which throughout the world.
To be able to enter into this network, yo computer to the telephone line and therefore, internet.
Computers connected to the internet do no They communicate through a server, which information to the right places. Therefore, e connected through a server.
To find out what you want, all you have to address which you want to visit.
The network of information worldwide us the websites on the internet use these letters.
e-mail is a system of sending electronic i register an e-mail address with an internet pi messages to any other e-mail user in any part
The chat lines allow the internet user to con possible to organize conferences among peo
Imagine you are planning a holiday in anotl country by train. How can you find out the ti solution is the internet. You can simply type s search box on the computer screen. The com to start “surfing" through.
In this way you can find information on any
67

ernet
connects up millions of computers
u need a modem. It will connect your to any other computer connected to the
t communicate with each other directly. a sorts out the requests and directs the each computer with internet facility is
o do is to key in and select the website
es the initials www. All the addresses of
nail through internet. Each user has to rovider. Then he is able to send letters,
of the world.
nmunicate with other people freely. It is ple thousands of kilometres apart.
her country. You plan to travel within the mes of trains beforehand? The easiest omething like “train timetables” in the puter will offer different options to you
hing and everything through the internet.
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Page 80
The idea of the internet came from th purpose of military communication. Thi originally developed as a method of com would continue to work when all other o
The internet has no ownership. It is world. Anybody can create his or her webp internet has contributed immensely to glo beyond space and time.
Activity 8.13 Vocabula
Given below are some words use words with their uses and write i
Words
1. The internet
(C) This gives
what we u
2. Modem
(a) Ahuge net
computers
3. Website address
(e) Internt use
these lines. conference
4. Server
(b) This will o
and to any
5. www.
(d) The netwo
letters.
6. Chat lines
(f) This helps
put and di
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e American Department of Defence for the s first system was developed in 1969. It was
munication in emergency situations, which ommunication systems fail.
open to all individuals and systems in the age and input whatever information. Therefore obalization bringing the whole world together
iry study
d in computer technology. Match the n your book.
Uses
the places we can visit to find out vant.
work which connects up millions of throughout the world.
ers can talk to other people with
This way it is possible to organize es among people thousands of miles apart.
onnect the computer to the telephone line
other computer connected to the internet.
-rk of information worldwide uses these
the computers connected to the internet to rect the information to the right places.

Page 81
I Reading
What a Surprise ?
a) Neela was from a rural village in the
bus to her village, Sangappaliya. People ha a bus stand. She had come to London to loc It was very difficult to get the visa. Her rela for her to show the immigration authoriti ownership to their common house to show back, as if you need a guarantee to come going was because she wanted to come b;
b) So she had stayed for 18 months, thre
going home. Packing her bags she though the cellotape. At home they have picked th stuff in a bottle, poured water and made gu glue, the tape and the containers! She had sister and brother. The gifts she was buying she had earned by doing something extra, so friends.
She had bought a very pretty blue and denim skirt for her sister. “Very good stuff The shop sold exclusive stuff, only the affl wanted the best, just for once! Not hand m trouser for her brother. She had wanted ar that the colour for the season was blue. Th shop window was very attractive. She boug him a national dress. She had bought the li whether her father would like any colour o white that season. She bought her mother
69

North Central Province. There was no d to walk nearly five kilometres to go to ok after a little baby of a distant relation. ations had to put money into an account es. She had to show other assets, single a those authorities that she would come nome! The only reason why she was
ack.
e of 6-month periods; and now she was tof all the surprises that she had, even
e gum off the kadju trees, collected the am themselves. But here, the gum, the got herself some to show, to give her z were from her savings, from the ‘tips omething difficult, for the family or their
Iwhite printed blouse and a matching
- 100% cotton’” the sales girl had said. uent went there, but she didn't care, she e downs. She bought a shirt and denim other colour, but the sales girl had said is was of course a different blue. The ght some material for her father to stitch ghtest of blues for that; she wasn't sure ther than white. but the shop did not sell a saree from an Indian shop.
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Page 82
d) At the airport Neela had follow
recognized all the kitchen equipment
were these here, specially in her home a liquidizer - "an essential item, a jum item. She thought of the few clothes river, and she wanted to be home alm
e) Neela's parents, relations and fri
her back. Neela was very happy to se learnt how much it had cost. She wis bus.
· Once at home she pulled out her saw that two of her sister's friends ha her brother examined the labels and fe IN SRI LANKA’ When she brought laughed and showed her the project “Globalization in our day to day life”.
went to the temple that evening. Her i rose buds, was beaming with happine
Activity 8.14 Compre
a) Read the story and match the q
letters of the paragraphs.
eg. How did Neela buy gifts? (b
1. How did Neela buy gifts? 2. Where was Neela from?
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ed the others to the Duty Free shop. She
she had used in London. Of what use ? Her companions were buying many things; bo sized washing machine” another essential she had to wash, and the joyous bath in the ost immediately.
ends had hired a van from home itself to take e them, but her heart missed a beat when she hed her father had come to take her home by
precious gifts. To her infinite dismay Neela id worn the identical skirt and blouse. Then pund that all the clothes had the label ‘MADE out her tiny rolls of cellotape her brother he had done for his term work.
Nevertheless they wore their new clothes and mother,clad in her usual white saree with tiny
ess.
hension
uestions given below with the relevant
70.

Page 83
3. How did Neela go home? 4. What was the feeling at the end? 5. Why did Neela go to London? 6. What did the authorities want? 7. Was she happy with the gifts when she 8. Why was Neela ‘dismayed’? 9. What did she have to do to go to Lond 10. Why was her mother ‘beaming? 11. What are assets? 12. Did her father come by a bus? 13. Which authority was this? What does tl 14. Why did her brother laugh? 15. What shop did she go to? b) Now answer the above questions. De
Activity 8.15
I Reading / Writing
With globalization many aspects i common across regions, countries example. In groups explain how the many things that are common to all.
bathing, eating, communicating, hair o
Activity 8.16 I Speaking
What do you learn about the charac
71

Dought them?
on?
his department deal with?
- this activity in your writing book.
n our day to day life have become , even gender. Unisex clothes are an
· following activities have brought in
Iressing, writing.
ter of Neela.
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Page 84
Activity 8.17 I Speaking / Writing
Imagine you are Neela's brother, the things your sister has brought
First attempt a role-play. Then another's.
Activity 8.18 Gramma In this short narrative you get sentences I
1. She recognized all the kitchen
2. Neela saw that two of her siste
In these sentences two past actions are and the other with the Past Perfect Ten
1. She recognized - Simple Pas
She had used - Past Perfect
2. Neela saw - Simple Past Ter
Sisters had worn - Past Perf
When two actions are expressed in first is stated in the Past Perfect Ter Simple Past Tense.
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how would you describe to your friends for you.
write out the dialogues compare with
r - Past Events ike this.
equipment she had used in London.
rs had worn identical skirts and blouses.
expressed. One with the Simple Past Tense nse. Check the sentences once again.
t Tense
Tense.
ise
ect Tense
the past tense the action that happened se. The other action is expressed in the
72

Page 85
Activity 8.19
Join the two past actions in the sent the verbs within brackets and join i appropriately.
1. Palitha.
...... (collect) the sea them in a bag. e.g. After Palitha had collected the sea
2. Nirmala ..
addresses.
..... (write) the letters.
. (make) a kite. He
3. Lasantha ...
fly it.
. (buy) a car. She
4. Dilini
servicing.
5. The students in Grade Eleven ..
Campaign. They ............................ (re to check the programme.
6. Murali
.. (complete) tal (share) his happiness with his team mat

ences giving the correct form of hem using when, before, after
-shells. He.
... (put)
shells he put them in a bag.
She .
... (check) the
. (give) it to Dileepa to
..... (take) it to a garage for
...... (organize) a Shramadana quest) the principal
ing 600th test wicket he ..
es.
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Page 86
Activity 8.20 Gramm
Read the text and fill in the blanks within brackets. Use either the Sim
Mr. Nadaraja is a clerk. He wor. Last Friday was a bad day for Mr.
morning and .
.... (look) at
Then he .
... (dress) quic
the train.
....... (leave). S
He was late for work.
There was a letter on his table. I
. (write) it to the bank.
bank
........... (send) it back i
..... (want) to have a cup teen. He .
(look) for ......... (steal) it in the bus. Alittle later in the day, he felt hungry a hurry to catch the train, he ..
Mr. Nadaraja ..
. (blame) his wife. She .
.. (take) leave and .
He ..
wife was not at home. She ..
. (fall) and .. bad day for Mr. Nadaraja. Everythi
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ar - Past Perfect Tense
giving the correct form of the verb given
ple Past Tense or the Past Perfect Tense.
ks in Colombo but he lives in Moratuwa.
Nadaraja. He ................. (get) up in the is watch. The watch ..
........ (stop). kly and ................ (go) to the station but
. (go) by bus that day.
o he ...
e •
... (recognize) the letter. He He.
.......... (forget) to sign it. So the to him. Mr. Nadaraja was very angry. He of tea. So he .............. (go) to the can
his purse. It was not there. Someone Anyway there were only a few rupees in it. F. He ................ (want) to have his lunch. In -... (leave) it at home.
(grow) still more angry with himself. He
. (remind) him about his lunch.
(return) home that day. But his ..... (go) to the doctor. Their little fellow (hurt) himself. So last Friday was a very ng had gone wrong that day.
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Activity 8.21 Vocabulary
1. hand me down
felt uj
2. heart missed a beat
cloth
overf
3. laughed outright 4. beaming with happiness
Scorn
I Enrichment
Read the poem and complete the tasks g
On the Railw
The signal is up, so a train is due; Irun to the bridge for a better view.
As the train draws in and slows to a stop, I get excited and jump and hop. People are hurrying
With luggage and bags, And the guard steps down with His red and green flags. He looks at his watch; It is time to depart;
He waves “green” to the drivero
Who knows he must start. So off they go, and I wave them away Oh! I'll be a driver - or guard - one day.
15

study
pset and helpless
es passed down to younger siblings
owing with happiness
ful gesture
given below.
ay Bridge
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Activity 8.22 I Listening / Speaking
Task 1.In this poem the poet deso Discuss in groups and list the thi
Activity 8.23 - Reading / Writing
Task 2. Read the poem and answer
1. How do you know that a train is d 2. Where does the poet run? 3. Why does he run? 4. As the train slows to a stop what e 5. When does the guard wave the “gi 6. What does the poet want to be on 7. Write rhyming words for:
a) view ............ b) hop ...
Activity 8.24 I Reading / Writing
In pairs read the poem and comple
A: When the signal is up what do you
B:
A: As the train draws in and slows t
B:
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ribes a scene ‘On the Railway Bridge’. ngs the poet does.
the given questions.
ue?
does the poet do? ceen” flag? ne day?
. c) bags ................ d) start ...
ete the dialogue.
a do?
pa stop what do you do?
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A: What are the people hurrying with?
B: .
A: With what does the guard step down?
B :
A: When it is time to depart what does the g
B :
A: What does the driver know when the gree
B :.
A: What does the poet want to be?
B: ..
Grammar Activity 8.25
Complex sentence :
A complex sente one or more sub
Read the following sentences.
a) A satellite is an electronic device. It is sen
b) Professor Rudolf Globeling is an expert in
He is from Finland. These two sentences can be joined by usi
a) A satellite is an electronic device that car
b) Professor Rudolf Globeling is an expert in
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uard do?
en flag is on?
ence has one main clause and Iordinate clauses.
t into the space.
Global Studies.
ng the word ‘that’ and ‘who’.
I be sent into space.
Global Studies who is from Finland.
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Main clause
A satellite is an electronic device
The linking word “that” can be replaced “Which’is used for animals or inanim
Copy the following sentences onto y with words given in brackets.
1. Thilak, Dileepa, Rani, Abdul and
Habarana Lighthouse School. (wł 2. People make transworld contacts
the world. (which) 3. Iam happy. You have learnt some 4. Globalization is a historical proc
6th centuries. (which) 5. Some people see globalization as
understanding among people of di
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Subordinate Clause
that is sent into the space
by ‘which’or ‘who’in the Complex sentence. ate things and ‘who’is used for people.
Dur writing book and join them together
Sita are students. They are from
10)
s. They are contacts made across
thing about globalization. (that) ess. It could be dated back to the 5th and
a positive factor. It promotes unity and fferent societies. (which)
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Competency Levels Rel
Articulates English words and phrases confiden
Uses colon appropriately
Takes notes from oral presentations Listens to more advanced texts and responds to
Identifies different word classes Infers figurative and connotative meanings of v Updates the vocabulary with the help of extern
Infers elipted information Infers implied information
Thinks beyond a text producing various ideas a
Constructs meaningful and logical passages integ Identifies the functions and the places of differe Analyses a complex sentence
Writes for personal purposes Writes for official/business purposes Writes compositions using argumentative and ex Develops an accurate and independent style of
Distinguishes various language functions Expresses ideas relevant to various fields using

ated to the Grade
o them
vords and phrases al resources
ad suggestions
grating suitable grammatical functions ent word classes in a sentence
pository writing writing
the appropriate jargon
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An outline
1) Competencies Related to
1. Identifies the sound system of t
2. Uses mechanics of writing with
3. Engages in active listening and
4. Builds up vocabulary using wo
precise meaning
5. Extracts necessary information
6. Uses English grammar for the
communication
7. Uses English creatively and inno
8. Communicates clearly, fluently
Identifies the sound systen
Content and activities
• Uses mechanics of writing
Content and activities
Engages in active listening Content and activities
• Builds up vocabulary using
convey precise meaning. Content and activities Text types
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of the syllabus
he Subject
he English language
understanding
responds appropriately.
rds appropriately and accurately to convey
from various types of texts.
purpose of accurate and effective
ovatively in written communication
and concisely
n of the English language
with understanding
and responds appropriately
gwords appropriately and accurately to
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· Extracts necessary information
Content and activities
Use English grammar for the pu Communication Content and activities
Use English creatively and innov Content and activities
Communicates clearly, fluently : Content and activities
3) School Policies and Programmes
3.1 Timetable:
3.2 Qualifications expected of the Engli
3.3 Guidelines to facilitate the instructio
3.4 Co-curricular activities:
4) Recommended Method of Teachi
Language
4.1 Teaching / Learning Process
4.2 Classroom Techniques
5) Assessment and Evaluation

from various types of texts.
rpose of accurate and effective
atively in written Communication
and concisely
sh teachers:
nal leadership:
1g English as a Second
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ඉංග්‍රීසි සිසු පොත i1 වසර - 01 කොටස (ඉ)

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