Page 1
Health An
Eduo Grade
Educationa

d Physical ation
al Publications Department

Page 2


Page 3
Health Physical Eo
Grade
Educational Publicatio

And lucation
-ns Department

Page 4
All rights reserved First Print - 2006 Second Print - 2007 Third Print - 2009
Edited New Version First Print - 2010 Second Print - 2011
The Government has spe
presented t
Published by : The Educationa
Printed by
Karunaratne & 67, UDA Indus

nt Rs. 75.00 on this book which is o you free of charge.
1 Publications Department
Sons (Pvt) Ltd. rial Estate, Katuwana Road, Homagama.
. ii

Page 5
The National Anthem
Sri Lanka Matha Apa Sri Lanka Namo Namo Namo Sundara siri barinee, surendi athi soba Dhanya dhanaya neka mal palaturu pi Apa hata sepa siri setha sadana jeewa Piliganu mena apa bhakthi pooja Nar Apa Sri Lanka Namo Namo Namo Oba we apa vidya Obamaya apa sathya Oba we apa shakthi Apa hada thula bhakthi Oba apa aloke Apage anuprane Oba apa jeevana we Apa mukthiya oba we Nava jeevana demine, nithina apa pul Gnana veerya vadawamina regena ya Eka mavakage daru kela bevina Yamu yamu vee nopama Prema vada sema bheda durerada
Namo, Namo Matha Apa Sri Lanka Namo Namo Namol
iii

of Sri Lanka
samo Matha
mana Lanka rijaya bhoomiya ramya naye matha no Namo Matha Jamo Matha
pudukaran matha
nu mana jaya bhoomi kara
Samo Matha

Page 6


Page 7
The Message of His Excell
SA TAGAGANOCO, Oce
Beloved Sons and Daugh
శ్రీత్రణా అ ఆ ఇ ఈ త ఆ ప్రగతి (ఇఎదు) ఇత, ఆ జారీ
Many countries that lagged time we gained independ passed us and gone far ahe not be prepared to copy or work according to th
models of those nations. Si no purpose in continuing our lost heritage. What we is to surpass them and re overall development they h and show new paths and the world. Dear Sons and Daughter engaged in building your
Mahinda Rajapaksa President of the Democ Republic of Sri Lanka (An extract from the spee President Mahinda Rajapak Water Filling Ceremony of
Port on 15.08.2010) CuServe ourner

ency the President
BESOND-GINO 25 D.
ters,
I behind us at the Lence have now ad. But, we must those countries e development imilarly, there is to lament about shall do instead each a stage of Lave not reached, possibilities to
GANG. GANG, GONG, ANG GONG, Nr rasseDG
rs, we are now future !
cratic Socialist
=ch delivered by sa at the historic the Magampura
Resuave GAVO

Page 8


Page 9
Message from the Hon. Mir
Beloved Sons and Daughters,
You are the most valuable treasure value is enhanced through educa accomplish that task aim at offering
This textbook produced by spend collected from the tax paying publi the sole intention of making you a vir You will undoubtedly enhance the the light of education you gain. Th you a helping hand to awaken you proud descendent of a great generati enabled to carve statues depictin compassion out of hard heartless ro of great literary value on the 'Mirror
I express my gratitude to the Eo Department and to all the others wl in offering this textbook to you.
Bandula Gunawardhana
Minister of Education

nister of Education
of our motherland. Your cion. We, committed to - you the best.
ing the national wealth ic is offered to you with -tuous and skillful citizen.
national wealth through is textbook will provide r creativity, as you are a on whose creative power ng loving kindness and pck and compose graffiti - Wall’.
lucational Publications ho dedicated themselves

Page 10
The expectation of our na equipped with virtues and s of Sri Lanka offers you accomplishing that target.
Our aim is to make you aco education by getting the op the gateway for you to bec
motherland.
By making this textbook y able to enter the path of be the country and undoubtedl Knowledge, attitudes ands help you to win the world “Pearl of the Indian Ocean' armed with competencies.
Iextend my gratitude to the and their knowledge in con others including the offi Department, the editors an
W.M.N.J.Pushpakumara Commissioner General of
Educational Publications I Isurupaya, Battaramulla. 26. 05. 2011

Foreword
ation is a glorious younger generation kills. The Democratic Socialist Republic this textbook with the intention of
cessible to the world of wisdom through ptimum use of this textbook and to open -ome a real inheritor of the prosperity of
our trustworthy companion, you will be ecoming a patriotic citizen beneficial to y, Sri Lanka will prosper because of you. kills you gain by using this textbook will beyond the horizon. The brilliance of the
will shine brighter because of you when
e writers who dedicated time, endeavour mpiling this textbook along with all the cers of the Educational Publications ed the members of the evaluation board.
Educational Publications
Department
viii

Page 11
First Print
Monitoring and Supervision W.M.N.J. Pushpakumara - Commissioner G
Educational Publ Co-ordination
W.A. Nirmala Piyaseeli
- Deputy Commiss
Educational Publ
Anura Abewickrama
- Assistant Comm
Educational Publ
Author Kanthi Goonawardane
- Teacher service,
Editing Somachandra Wijesuriya - Publishing Mana
Illustrations
Malika Sanjeewani & Lakshman keerthi
Cover Malaka Lalanajeewa
ix
: 1229 EN-2

eneral of Educational Publications, ications Department
sioner of Educational Publications, ications Department
issioner of Educational Publications, ications Department
St. Peter's College, Bambalapitiya
ger, Sarasavi Publishers (pvt) Ltd

Page 12


Page 13
Conten
01
Let's live a healthy life
02
Let's get an equilibrium o desires Let's follow systematic an
movements
03
04
Let's develop correct post
05
Let's relax and enjoy thr games
06
Let's improve skills in atl
07
Let's obey the rules and b player Let's get used to healthy f
08
09
Let's study about our fasci
10
Let's build up good fitness
Health is Wealth, Let's pr
11
12
Let’s learn to control em
Let's face the challenges v
13

ts
1-9
n needs and
10-15
d rhythmic
16-19
cures
20-24
ough recreational
25-29
hletics
30-36
e a disciplined
|37-41
pod habits
42-48
inating body
49-56
57-62
event diseases
63-68
ptions
69-72
with a smiling face
73-76

Page 14


Page 15
LET'S LIVE A HE
After studying this chapter....... you will acquire skills and knowl
Shyama, who sits next to Harshini in class, always dresses neatly. Everything about her is clean and tidy. She is good at studies as well as at sports. Harshini on the other hand, never keeps herself clean and tidy. She is good at sports but not so good in studies. In your opinion, who do you think is leading a h
Think about the way you care for yours your cleanliness? Think of the number o of your family had to consult the doctor, the time and money spent on those visit Just think what you sfelt physically, menta sick. The things you have felt are not ve
All of us like to lead a happy and content can enjoy and appreciate the happiness o with the misfortunes of others. Are you
For free distribution

ALTHY LIFE
Ledge to
lead a healthy life
Figure 1.1
ealthier life?
elf. Are you concerned about of times that you or members over the past six months and
S.
_lly and socially when you fell ry pleasant, are they?
ted life. If you are happy, you -f others, and also sympathise a happy with the way things

Page 16
are? It is very important to b being healthy physically, men
Physical wellbeing
Proper physical wellbeing is
1. Ideal Body – Mass
2.
High level of physi
rest, sleep and a bi 3.
Immunity [prot
common illness)
Normally height of a person ir up to a certain age, after that very slight, and finally the
cor bo sho aroi ind Bo [B]
acc
Wo
me:
Figure 1.3: Measuring weight
hei weight( in kilograms) by the
(in
If the weight of a child of hei
Body Mass Index :
BMI
O CENSO

e healthy as a biological unit. It means tally, socially and spiritually.
determined by the following ways. -- Index. (BMI) – Height to match age
Weight to match height cal fitness [By getting enough exercises, alanced diet.] tection from
ncreases rapidly E the increase is neight becomes nstant. The Hy weight -uld be roughly und the value as Licated by the Figure 1.2: Measuring height dy Mass Index
MI] which has been prepared in ordance with the recommendation of the orld Health Organisation. BMI is a asure of the body weight relative to the ght. It is calculated by dividing a person's second power of his or her height
square meters). ight 1.4 meters is 29kg,
29Kg
1.4m x 1.4m = 14.8Kg m-2
2

Page 17
Compare the values which obtain (Diagram 1.1) or table 1.1 given below. your nutritional status. So, you can un derweight or overweight, or whether y height.
Age
BMI Range for Girls (Yrs)
14.6 - -21.2 15.0 - -22.1 15.3 - -23.0 15.7 - -23.8 16.0 - -24.3 16.3 - -24.8 16.5 - -25.5 16.8 - -25.5
11
Table 1.1 Source: family health bureau - ass
status of school ch BMI Range for Boys (Age 11-18 Yrs)
sepisanan
30
Areal Overweight
& 8
ETArea 21 Normal
15
Area 3 Thin/Underweight BM Value
10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 11 Age in yrs
Diagram 1.1 Source: family health bureau -
status of school
( 3 = For free distribu

ed with the two BMI charts This will help you to find out lerstand whether you are unpur weight is suitable to your
BMRange for Boys
14.8 - -20.3 15.3 - -21.1 15.7 - -21.9 16.2 - -22.7 16.6 - -23.7. 17.0 - -24.4 17.3 - -25.3 17.5 - -25.9
essment of nutritional ildren
BMI Range for Girls (Age 11-18 Yrs)
Area 1 Overweight
Area 28
Normal
Area 3 Thin/Underweight
tegnes
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
assessment of nutritional e children

Page 18
Activity The students can get into a n heights and weights of all th the BMI of each child can drawn with the use of data weight of the class, and co differences in the BMI va sleep-times and extent of exe
Think of what you feel after etc. Do you feel very tired or
Whether you get tired easily fitness.
There are some children lik from school frequently due t Serena and Selvi, come to s very often. Why is this diff these two groups?
Most of the common diseas bodies. Germs can be found
water, soil etc.
We cannot completely prever are some cells in our bodies can protect our bodies by the The following factors affect
* Healthy balanced * Good health habits * Healthy environme
For free distribution

umber of groups and collect data on the ne students in the Grade 6 class, so that be calculated. A suitable chart can be obtained. You can also get the average
mpare yours with it. Try to relate the lues with different food habits, rest, ercise.
an outdoor game like netball, foot ball - can you go on playing for a long time? u or not, is a measure of your physical
e Nimasha and Rishan, who get absent to various common illnesses. Rohanthi, chool everyday, and they do not fall ill Ference? Do you belong to any one of
es are due to some germs entering our every where, in the air we breathe, in the
nt them from entering our bodies. There capable of destroying germs. These cells
mechanism known as natural immunity. a person's physical wellbeing.
diet

Page 19
* * *
* Good mental condition * Cleanliness * Regular exercise * Protection from diseases
* Adequate rest and sleep
Activity Find out information as much as yo pollution. Get into five groups. Each following topics and make a booklet. Topics: a) How does air get pollute
b) How does water get f
detected? c) How does land/soil get
detected? d) What are the effects of a e) How can they be minimi
The food that we eat and drink are im Would you feel “lifeless” if you hav before? That is because of the lack ( gives us strength to do all the work. We fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and min protect us from various diseases, and are needed for the growth of teeth ai form haemoglobin of blood. Though we take food to satisfy our about the food we eat, because germ: food. Specially green leaves and frui before you eat them and also, food hygienic conditions. Fruits and vegetal
5=
For free distribution
&S 1229 FN-3

ou can about environmental group must choose one of the
d and how can it be detected? olluted and how can it be
polluted and how can it be
11 these forms of pollution? sed or controled?
aportant to have a healthy life. e not eaten anything, the day pf strength in the body. Food
gain nutrients such as proteins, Lerals from our food. Vitamins calcium and phosphorous salts nd bones. Iron is necessary to
hunger, we should be careful s also enter our body with the ts must be washed thoroughly
must be stored under proper bles which are damaged should

Page 20
not be eaten as they are good food which left open may inv Exercise enhances or maintai of regular exercise improve enjoyment, strengthen muscl
Can you think of a machine th span of the machine will be sh The human body is also a spec in the form of sleep or relaxati tissues take place during rest ti
Activity Divide the class in to five grou factors for well being of a per a) Cleanliness and good he b) Healthy environment
c) Exercise
d) Good mental condition e) Rest and sleep
For free distribution

breeding grounds for germs. Cooked ite flies and they carry a lot of germs. ans physical well-being. Thus benifits athletic skills, weight maintenance, es and all the systems in the body.
at is made to work nonstop? The life ortened and it will breakdown quickly. ial kind of machine. It also needs a rest on. Most of the repair work of the body
me.
-ps. Discuss about the effect following
'Son.
alth habits
= 6

Page 21
Social and mental well-being Nimal and Selvam are good friends. They do have many other friends, both in school and out. They are more light-hearted and do not get upset easily over anything. Maheesha is totally different from them and she does
Fig not get along with other children. Among them who are spending more p Practicing tolerating, forgiving and forg and by developing ability to get on we build up good relationships. Saman and Rahal stopped at the milk school. A stranger approached them and to take the toffees, but Rahal politely pleased, and neither was Saman. “Why didn’t you take the toffees that
“My parents have told me not to accej they could be even kidnappers" Rahal
Do you think that Rahal made a wise hard to make. Can you recall such inst
Your parents, teachers as well as trustwo where your mental and social well-bein protection and guidance. Your parents and social problems. Do you know the much concerned to find out whom y they can mislead you to do things that ! or may talk things that you should no always associate children of your ow
For free distribution

ure 1.4:- Interpersonal relationships
leasant life?
etting weaknesses of the others 1 with others would help us to
bar, on their way home from offered toffees. Saman wanted refused. The stranger was not
ne offered?” asked Saman. pt any gifts from strangers, as
reply.
decision? Some decisions are
ances?
orthy elders are very important g is concerned. They offer you support to solve your mental e reason why your parents are ou assosiate. That is because you should not get involved in t talk and listen to. You must n age. Get in to the habit of

Page 22
reading books which are suit: will assist you to select the res whenever you are at a helples improved by participating in If you are capable and bold have good relationships with of mental, social and spiritual
Features of Mental, Social an
* A pleasant appearance * Self awareness - knowing
* Empathy - to experience * Communication abilities * Good interpersonal relati * Ability to managel contro * Ability to face challenges * Logical thinking * Creative thinking * Making correct decisions * Problem solving ability * Intention to achieve goal * Acceptability
For free distribution

able for your age. Teachers and parents ading materials. Seek advice from them Ss situation. Spiritual well-being can be religious and social activities. enough to make correct decisions and others, then you might have the features
well-being.
ad spiritual well-being person.
s about your self feelings of others
onships
lemotions
and tensions
with responsibility

Page 23
Figure 1.5:- Empathy
Exercise
1) What are the three indications o 2) Why do we need food? 3) What do you understand by the 4) How does exercise help in healt
5) Name a few healthy habits
6) Why is it necessary to get soun
7) Name two factors which affect 8) Write a short story to illustrate !
was used to prevenf an unpleas
For free distribution

Figure 1.6:- Creative thinking
f physical well-being?
e term “healthy food?”
ch?
d sleep and rest? social and mental well-being
now emotional management ant situation.

Page 24
LET'S GET
NEED After reading this chapter
you will be abl
“Needs” are what there shoul be, for us to live. which ar essentials for survival can t called basic needs. They are, a (Oxygen), water and food.
How long can a person sta without Oxygen ? How long ca a person stay without water an food? Imagine the plight of
person stranded in a desert wit |heaps of money, but with foc and water to last only for a day
When his food and wate finishes, what good is all his i water to prevent dehydration? Rather than the basic needs, o essential needs of a person. In addition to the needs given identified. eg:- Medicine, Education, Re The Stone Age man lived in t only the three basic needs wei wanted. With time he graduall towards civilization, while still jungle.
For free distribution

AN EQUILIBRIUM ON
SAND DESIRES
e to balance
your needs and desires.
d
S s T
er
Figure 2.1 money if he cannot get food to live and
clothes, shelter, love and affection also
| above, some secondary needs also
spect of others.
e jungle and e what he realy y moved living in the
Figure 2.2: Shelter of stone age
= 10

Page 25
Meanwhile he discovered fire by rubb together.
Later he felt the need of;
* Tools to hunt animals for his f * Shelter to stay away from rain * Something to cover the body to
He used tools made out of stones and these he killed animals for food. Usir form of roasted meat. By adding bee preserve meat. So he felt that he need were made of leaves, twigs and anima better clothes suitable for the environm
Once our essential needs were satisfie This gave rise to "needs", like the follo
* Better housing facilities * Better and quicker forms of * Better communication faciliti * Better medical facilities
Figure 2.3: Modern homes
For free distribution

ing two stones or dry sticks
pod
o avoid the cold or heat.
large bones of animals. With ng fire he cooked food, in the ’s honey to food he learnt to ed a better house. His clothes il skin, later on he made some mental conditions. d, we would have had desires.
wing,
transport es

Page 26
All the above facilities would o
Some of the things that we con we like and want, and not reall to think of what you or your services during the past week. in order to survive? Read the following advertisem Scented Eraser with Rainbo Colours Rs.12.50 Only
Both erasers serve the same pui If you buy the scented, colori money on your desire. Think h on unnecessary things for the s
Activity Prepare a list of items brought your list, separate the needs not so essential).
Find the amount that you hav
Things brought
Needs to your home eg: Rice eg: Rose flower
Fish Chocolates Vegetables
Eggs
Sugar Cakes Coffee Salt Story book Lipstick
For free distribution

ertainly make life much easier.
nsider as our needs may be things that y need. We can call them ‘desires’. Try family members spent on goods and How many of them did you really need
ents displayed at two stationary shops.
A big Eraser, Erase soon and easily Rs.2.50 only
N
rpose. Which eraser would you prefer? ful eraser you will be spending more now much money you have been spent sake of your attraction.
- to your home for the past week. From (essential items), from desires (those
re spent on your desires.
Desires
Money spent on
desires
R.50.00
= (12

Page 27
Naturally, we would like to fullfil ou While satisfying our basic needs and our desires too.
Desires are endless. So you have to b to satisfy your needs and desires.
At the time of satisfying desires you following factors;
1.
Does it suite the health conc
2.
Is it accept to moral values. Would it violate the civil law Must be within the budget. It should not be harmlfull to
un P
Figure 2.4: Let's recycle and reuse
For free distribution C&S 1229 F.N-4

r desires as well as our needs. other needs we try to satisfy
e concerned whenever you try
must be concerned about the
lition.
o society.
Figure 2.5: Let's give proirity to the needs
when purchasing goods
and services

Page 28
Now let us consider some way while using available resources 1. Get used to a simple life-si
2. Use natural food.
3. Reuse certain disposable
containers.
4. Do not waste items that w
exercise books that you us as scrapbooks to paste var
5. Do home gardening to ge
family. Then you can sav
product with your friends. 6. For your requirement, use
of expensive items. Some
are much expensive than le 7. Learn about food preserva
food.
In order to live we must fullfil some other needs. Those are she respect, education etc. The me your desires too. When satisfyin about rights, wishes and social of us must be aware of not only as well. We should be aware of different societies.
For free distribution

Es of reducing expenditures on goods, at a minimal level. Eyle
items like bags, bottles and other
e use . You can use left-over pages of ed last year, to do your rough work or rious pictures and articles.
et enough food requirement for your Fe money. You can share the excess
low cost but good substitutes in place popular brand names of certain items sser known brands of the same quality. ation to minimize wastage of excess
our basic needs. In adition we have lter, clothes, protection, love, affection ney and facilities lead you to satisfy ng your desires you must be concerned values of others. From young age, all our rights, but also of responsibilities the fact that the social values differ in

Page 29
Exercise
1) What are the essential needs fo 2) State the importance of fulfillin
3) The ancient man lived in the fo
needs? 4) Read the following statements
(x) if incorrect.
(i) We need water to live.
(ii) Stone-age man’s needs w
(iii). Shoes are essential while
(iv) Play is necessary for the v
(V) Education is a "need" and
For free distribution

r survival?
g one’s needs
rest. How did he fulfil his basic
and mark () if correct, and
ere few.
(.....)
clothes are not.
(.....)
vellbeing of a child. (.....).
I not just a "desire" (.....)

Page 30
03
LET'S FOLLI
AND RHYTE After completing this unit.
You would be capable
me
Rhythm
Relax and listen to the sounds you the singing of a bird, tickii clock. Don’t they have a c rhythmic pattern? You may have on the swing or see-saw. Did you any regular pattern of movement about a song or a music playe the radio? Have you noticed the drum beat? When an action is out within regular intervals of tin is a rhythmic action. A rhyt therefore a regular occurrenc sound or a movement, within intervals of time. It is a r recurrence of a sequence of eve
Heart-beat and breathing are natu rate vary at times. What about er
water or a drill display? The im the rhythm is disturbed. Think o a tune or a song played over the a repeating groove in the song someone is distracting sound in
For free distribution

DW SYSTEMATIC
IMIC MOVEMENTS
of following correct, rhythmic ovements of day to-day life.
around ng of a ertain played I notice 2 What
d over regular carried ne that :hm is e of a
equal egular
nts.
Figure 3.1
iral rhythmic events, though breathing eryday events like sweeping, fetching portance of rhythm is apparent when
a time when you have been enjoying radio. What would you feel if there is r tune? How un-pleasant is it to hear the middle of a song?
16

Page 31
Here are seven forms of rhythmic le improve your rhythmic movements a
March, Jog, Skip, Knee Lift, Kick, L
The above activities can be correctly training.
Training enables the co-ordination of movement in the body can be perforn All movements in daily work has a i movements from the simpler, to coordinated. They should be timed a Success of a march past or a drill disp rhythmic performance of all the part
mastered the rhythmic movements wł same limb to the same extent simultar
Figure 3.2 There are different types of rhythmic Leap jump, Cat leap jump, Tuck jump
These activities are helping us to regu
17
For free distribution

| movements. Practice them to nd co-ordination skills.
ange, Jumping Jack
i performed with in the proper
nerves and muscles so that any ned rhythmically. hythm. It can be a sequence of the more complex, but well ccording to the specific needs. play depends on the coordinated icipants. We say that they have hen all the participants move the niously.
jumps. They are: -, Scissor jump, Star jump
alate body movement efficiently.

Page 32
Turning effects can also be done activities, attractively. Some such are:
1. Forward roll 2. Backward roll 3. Cartwheel 4. Jump half turn
5. Jump full turn When presenting a drill display friends you must have experi those movements. Some of the good at tasks like forward ro wheel. You might have seen dancer's body movements are attractive at the time of perfor dances with the help of forwa cartwheel. Practising some of these movei help us avoid injuries, dislocati
Why Do We Need Rhythm
* Any rhythmic action has a
look so correct, impressive * Correct and coordinated i
done with less effort. * Time can be saved and the * Rhythmic movements hel * It minimizes the harm and * As a result of engaging in t
get correct postures, so 1 attractive. * Rhythmic movements may
For free distribution

- to a rhythm in order to do the routing E movements that develop these abilities
/ with your ence with
m are very 11 and cart a Kandian = light and rming their rd roll and
ments may
Figure 3.3 ons and fractures etc.
? Let Us Find Out the Reasons
certain grace. That is, rhythmic actions e and beautiful. novements save energy, so it can be
· work gets done quickly. p to balance the body. injuries. hese activities or movements you can inaly, you will be more smart and
increase the aesthetic value.
(18

Page 33
6 d
Exercise
1)
What do you understand by
Name two types of natural
2) 3)
Write two advantages whic rhythmic movements
For free distribution

TINJA
gure 3.4
y the term "rhythm”? rhythm that occur in our body.
Eh you have improved by the

Page 34
04
LET'S DE
As a result of studying th
you will be able to h
an attractive phys
Miss Nimali and Miss Manori a in our school. They always dre
Miss Nimali has a pretty face. M is not-so-good looking as Mis But her every movement is attr smart. That is because she sits.
moves in a correct manner.
A person who maintains a corre will have a pleasant, attra handsome look. Posture is the the body is held during various
Eg. Sitting, lying down, standing running, climbing, throwing, lifting etc.
We must follow correct posture sleeping in our day to-day life. and the spine straight. When y by the use of head, trunk and back or spine should be straigh the floor completely. Sleep witi
For free distribution

VELOP CORRECT OSTURES is unit.... Lave a good personality and sical appearance of your body.
re teachers bs up well. iss Manori ss Nimali. active and - stands or
ect posture ctive and
· way that actions.
5, walking, bending,
Figure 4.1
s while standing, walking, sitting and
Whenever you stand, keep your head bu walk, the body should be balanced hands. While sitting on a chair your t and the sole should be kept touching nout bending your body.
: 20

Page 35
Practicing and maintaining correct po comfortable. Incorrect ways of sittin being hunched. If our joints and musc ways of keeping the body, it will be ve
You must always try to maintain a co table, the height of the chair or table s the body would not be hunched or b This can be done by adjusting the hei If you are hunched or position of yo other, you must consult your physica and exercises. Can you recall a time that you felt a pair after getting up in the morning? It ma sleeping position. Incorrect postures uneasiness.
Sitting
Standing
W:
Figure 4.2
For free distribution
C&S 1229 EN-5

ostures will make us smart and g and standing may results in Les get accustomed to incorrect ry difficult to correct them later.
rrect posture. When seated at a hould be such that, the trunk of ent forwards, when you work. ght of the seat.
ur shoulders not equal to each l education teacher for advice
a in the neck or back immediately y have been due to an incorrect may result in aches, pains and
H RTL
alking
Lying down

Page 36
Advantages of maintaining cor
1. It improves your appeal 2. It strengthens your boc
with less effort.
3. It helps to have a health
These are the three Basic stand
1. Standing to attention
One should stand to attenti like the singing of National A of the National flag.
2. Standing at ease
This posture is used when s for a short period of time.
3. Standing easy
This can be used while liste
In addition to the postures, th your appearance, like clothes, n the behavioural pattern of you
What do you think if a person i and another person is wearing
How would you feel towards o full of lice and their eggs or an the same way about you if you
For free distribution

rect postures.
rance.
ly and enables you to do more work
y life in older age.
ling postures
on with pride at important occasions nthem/ School Anthem and the hoisting
tanding, paying attention to some task
ning to a lengthy lecture or speech
ere are a number of factors that affect ails, hair, other parts of your body and
·life.
s wearing a clean but crushed uniform I well ironed but dirty uniform?
her children with dirty nails or a head unwashed face? Others will also feel * appearance is not favourable.
E 22

Page 37
Marlon has a clean, smart appearance, harsh and sarcastic to his classmates. So you see, you need to consider a lot o correct appearance. Others would lik with you, if you are a good and pleasa An another factor for a healthier life is in the proper manner.
Figure 4.3: Lifting an object
Lifting objects and lowering them mi with both hands, on bent knees and re be kept straight while lifting heavy ob must be done in such a way that the column (spine)
Figure 4.4: Pushing
For free distribution &S 1229 EN-6

But he is very head weighted, o you think he is a good child? f facts to maintain a favourable, e to be with you and to work nt person. the way of handling equipment
ust be done holding the object Flax joints. Knees should never jects. Pushing and pulling also, ce is no stress on the vertebral

Page 38
Exercise
1) What are the factors wh
a person? 2) Explain how you shoul 3) What are the advantages
postures?
4) Draw pictures to show
(i) Stand (ii) Sit (iii) Walk (iv) Lift a weight
For free distribution

nich affect the physical appearance of
maintain of your nails and hair
s of practicing and maintaining correct
the correct way to;
24

Page 39
05
LET’S RELA THROUGH RECR
By this unit...
you will learn the abil
through vari Today we face many stressful situations. Doing a lot of work makes us physically tired. Studying a lot or facing social problems make us mentally and socially ‘unfit’. So, in the daily routine, a person should have some leisure time to relax. What do you do during your free time? Are you sitting at a place very quietly, when there is any free time like till your parents or vehicle to come?
We do engage in some various kind i friends. These playing activities can b or minor games or recreational games
According to your age, fitness and tal rules and regulations suitable for your
Sometimes you can create your own gatherings some activities which you the main sports in the playground.
(25 E
For free distribution

XAND ENJOY EATIONAL GAMES
ity to live a relaxed life Tous recreational games.
Figure 5.1
e school interval or after school
of playing activities with your pe called either informal games
ents you are free to make some
game.
ways of playing games, while have practiced earlier as one of

Page 40
What are the benefits of doing listed below.
Physical benefits
1. Improves performance 2. Daily exercise increases
to get more oxygen. 3.Improves the working ca 4. Enables activities to be
Mental benefits
1. Mental relaxation
2. Enables one to have go Social benefits
1. will be well mannered 2. will be helpful and co-01 3. Learn to obey rules and The need of recreational
"Stud
thing How the sa
"All boy” to ga perso
Figure 5.2
For free distribution

E games and sports? Some benefits are
of body-organs and muscles. s lung capacity. This enables the body
apacity of heart and circulary system. performed without getting tired.
od attitudes and thoughts.
-porative
regulations.
games and activities
dy, study and study. Is this only one that everyone is expecting from me? terrible it is? “ Have you undergone ame feeling?
work and no play, makes jack a dull is an age old saying. It is not possible in a healthy and successful life, if the on is dealing only with either studies or
= 26

Page 41
sports. But both should be balanced successful life. So to balance this, all activities. The bodily need of play a muscles etc, and to burn any fat whicl Games, specially the lighter and joye tired mind.
Participating in collective events in th makes people understand each other a This is a social need, which is the desi
These are the types of minor gan
1.Single or in pairs, without equip
* Imitating animals 2.Single or in pairs, using equipm
* Skipping using a skipping rope * Rotating the Hoo-La-hoop
* Throwing and catching a ball
* Throwing a ball on to a wall an
* Bumping a ball along the groun For each of the above, you can count thi While doing these activities, you wil posture help you to perform activities
3. More than two people, without
* Catch the thief
For free distribution &S 1229 FN-7

n order to have a healthy and of us should engage in sports und exercise is to tone up the a has got accumulated.
sus ones, relax and soothe the
e play area or sports grounds, und helps to make new friends. re to have fun with friends.
aes that you can play
oment
Lent
d catching it
Figure 5.3 e number of successful attempts. Il experience how rhythm and easily.
t equipment

Page 42
* Fish net
* Hide and seek 4. More than two people,
* Ball games
* Breaking the tail
Activity
The students can get into groi game using the facilities avai running, jumping throwing ar the game. Each group can dem
Some other recreational ga
1. Middle cub
The ball is passed betwee at the two ends, without the middle to get hold
middle one gets the ball threw the ball has to go
try to get the ball while i 2. Catch the ball
The players stand in a c sometimes even looking players. Those failing to circle. The last one to be
For free distribution

with equipment
Figure 5.4
ups. Each group must invent a minor lable in the surroundings. Actions of ad catching must be incorporated into monstrate the game.
imes are;
en the two players letting the one in of the ball. If the , the players who to the middle and t is being passed.
Figure 5.5
rcle and the ball is passed arbitrarily, ; the other way so as to deceive the | catch the ball will have to leave the left with the ball is the winner.
E 28)

Page 43
3. Water- land
Mark an area on the grounds a that area like jumping into the “land”
Organised games are the games y
with standard rules and regulatio eg:Volleyball, Netball, Basketbal
Figure 5.6
Exercise
1) What are the advantages that yo
and socially, by playing games': 2) Why is play an essential part of 3) Invent one game for each of the
(i) Single (ii) In pairs (iii) In a group
29 =
For free distribution

s “water”. Jump in and out of water, and out of water, on to
vhich are played in accordance
ons
1, Tennis, Football, Cricket, etc.
u can gain physically, mentally
Clife? e categories given below;

Page 44
06
LET'S IN
Through this lesson...... your basic skills of walkiu
and t}
Pay attention to a person who has been an athlete from a very young age. You will notice the good appearance, discipline, activeness and leadership qualities which could be identified in them easily.
Let us consider the benefits that a player or an athlete obtains in his life, as a result of proper training.
1. Ability to maintain stric
.tivity.
2. Attaining a high level o 3. Getting an active life st 4. Being able to walk an
keeping the body straig 5. Ability to preform any 6. Reduce the risk of develo
as diabetes, heart diseas
For free distribution

MPROVE SKILLS IN ATHLETICS
ng ,running, jumping hrowing can be improved.
Figure 6.1
t discipline when performing any ac
f mental development. yle and healthy appearance. I move about in a powerful manner,
ht.
Ictivity swifly and methodically.
ping non-communicable diseases such
es.
= 30

Page 45
The basic techniques of walking, runni be explained and demonstrated by you However, you should have mastered t with daily activities.
Walking
do you walk correctly?
Figure 6.2
Activity
Try this out with your friend
1) Draw a 5cm wide straight lin
cement floor. One person must walk along feet are on either side of the
floor must be with wet feet] 3) Draw another straight line pa
half a metre away from the f 4) Get the second person to wa 5) Repeat this activity all of you 6) Now compare the foot prints
(31 =
For free distribution

ng, jumping and throwing will ur Physical Education teacher. The correct postures associated
Le on a sandy ground or on the
this line in a way that the two line. [walking on the cement
arallel to the first, and about irst line. Ik along this, same as before.
s with your friends.

Page 46
At last you must have confirm person to person.
How to walk correctly?
Make sure that the head and tr the left leg move in the same e direction of walking. Stride le equal, both vertically and hor
Figure 6.3: Leng
Have you noticed what part If you examine the sole of y parts given in the diagram. W the ground in the following ma
First the heel, next the ball and ball-toe action.
Toe
Ball
Figure
For free distribution

med that the walking style differs from
munk are straight, and the right hand and direction, and the toes must point in the ength and pace rhythm also should be izontally.
th of each stride should be equal
s of the foot, touch the ground?
pur foot, you will recognize the three hen we walk correctly, the sole touches inner.
lat last, the toe. This is known as heel
Heel
5.4: Sole
= (32)

Page 47
Running
Running correctly is also an art. How you must first learn to walk correctly b you learn to run. The difference bet walking and running is that, unlik walking, when you run, there is an ins where both feet are above the ground It is very difficult to run if the two fee either too close together or too far ap:
The distance between the two feet at e stride should be equal to make easy rur possible. It should be the natural dist between the two legs. Maintenance of th in both walking and running.
Also, like in walking the right hand an
same direction, hand and the opposite directi the elbow. Also at the same spe should be raise
the ground. Thi Figure 6.6: Running
increased.
Jumping When we play or sometimes in our da either high or not so high or even ji using one or both feet. The jump ends the feet. Always remember to bend yo and ball. That is, land on the pads of these can be performed beautifully and
- R
For free distribution

Fever, efore ween ke in tance
et are art.
every aning
Figure 6.5 tance ne pace rhythm is very important
the left leg should move in the and at the same time, the left right leg, must move in the on with the arms bent at 90° at -, hands and legs should swing ced. During running, the knees d so that the thighs parallel to s way, the stride length can be
Fly work, we may have to jump ump down. We start the jump
by landing on one foot or both sur knees and land on your toes E the front part of the foot. All a safely with the help of correct

Page 48
postures. Think of the times t jump across puddles on rainy over a drain to get on to the ot acts would have been quite sin done in an incorrect way you mi You may be familiar with two which are associated with spot are;
1. Horizontal jumps - lo 2. Vertical jumps
- hi Both these jumps have four si
i. Running
ii. Take off
Come running from about 4 0 and take the leap. During take “ball-toe” order. The techniqu mastered by continuous practic Education teacher.
Throwing and catching
Figure
For free distribution

Chat you had to days or to jump her side. These mple, but if it is ght get injuried.
types of jumps rts-meets. They
Figure 6.7 -ng jump, triple jump gh jump, pole vault tages, namely;
iii. Flight iv. Landing
or 5 metres behind the take-off mark, off, the sole touches the ground in the mes of the two types of jumps can be ces, with the guidance of your Physical
6.8
= 34

Page 49
This is an activity which anybody childhood. A baby usually throws th aim and without much power. How di throwing?
Throwing small objects either near o use of only one hand. When throwi need to use both hands. Catching an catching a falling object needs the u you ever seen how workers at buildi objects like bricks etc? Sometimes y and land without falling. For pract equipment like bean bags, tenniquoit can be used. According to the situation, we may slow or fast or at a moderate pace backwards, forwards or sideways. I
movements in our daily life, may be survival.
Let us consider some such instances
1. To avoid when a car is about t
2. To catch a bus:- run forwards 3. To catch a ball when playi
backwards. 4. To avoid a puddle of water:- ji 5. To pluck some fruits from a br:
away from your outstretched h In jumping, it is the height or the le much the speed. Recollect events lik
(35
For free distribution

would have done from their ngs with one hand without an ferent is it from your manner of
· far or to any height needs the ng heavy or large objects, we
object thrown at you or even se of one or both hands. Have ng sites throw and catch heavy su may have to jump and catch ice in throwing and catching : rings, balls of lightweight etc
have to run or throw or jump, 2 and in various directions – We have to make use of these to do things better or for mere
p hit you:- jump sideways.
ng cricket:- run forwards or
amp or leap over.
anch which is about half a metre
and:- jump high. ngth which matters, and not so e the high jump, long jump and

Page 50
the pole vault, at sportsmeets speed have to vary according t runner is much more than that
Throwing also depends on the to which it should be thrown. I heavier object, we must use bot or light object could be done w cricket [both soft ball and leat ball, foot ball and elle. What ty in these games? What types of i running and jumping, were use Think of the abilities that can “land-water”; “hide-and-seek” Practicing activities like runnin also help us to use our feet to This is very important in avoid in our daily activities can be felt in the proper manner. Mental fi of the benifits which we gain wl
Exercise
1.) What are the main differ 2.) Draw a diagram to shov
if a person walks correct 3.) Give examples of instan
(i) Jump and land on or (i) Throw a heavy objec (iii) Throw a small objec (iv) Jump and land on be
For free distribution

For running, both distance and the D situations. The speed of a 100 metre of a long distance runner.
weight of the object, and the distance Vhen throwing or catching a larger or h hands. Catching or throwing a small ith one hand. Think of ball games like her ball], volley ball, basket ball, net pes of your body parts were involved movements out of throwing, catching, d in each game?
be gained from playing games like - “blind man's buff’ etc. g, jumping, catching and throwing are
maintain our balance while running. ing accidents. Distinct improvements
when you practice the above activities tness, health and confidence are some nile indulging in these practices.
ences between walking and running?
how the foot prints would look like ly? tes in daily life, where people have to: Le foot it to a nearby place
very far th feet
(36

Page 51
07
LET'S OBEY THE
DISCIPLINI This will help you to...
be a disciplined and la
Any game or sport has a frame work within which the players can perform according to a set of rules and regulations. Rules are a set of fixed conditions which are widely accepted for that game. Regulations can be changed by various sports bodies. For example, the dress worn by the players can be changed as regards to colour or style etc. Without set of rules and reg exact way to play the game. So misunderstandings leading to a lot and regulations are vital. Also there : hold any game or sport.
Let us consider some of these com
1.A sports ground prepared in accor 2. Sports equipments made accordin 3.Required number of players to car 4.A standard specific set of rules an 5.Officials and judges to ensure that
the rules.
For free distribution

RULES AND BE A CD PLAYER
wabiding player.
Figure 7.1
gulations, nobody will know the
there will be conflicts and of unpleasantness. Hence rules are some basic factors needed to
mon factors for any sport.
dance with the regulations. g to the regulations. ry out the game.
regulations. the game is played according to

Page 52
Importance of ethics and ri
Do you know what does the wo1 being a person with good or pro good behavioural pattern. Some advantages of practicing
* Earnest participation
The honour of the ga
the rules * Accidents to be mini * Players to be aware o
and responsibilities
Problems to be effor * Players to accept vici * The development of
“Play” is one of the most wanted factors for each and every child. More than anything, it is a chance to build up friendship while exercising your body. Winning at various events will build up one's selfconfidence, Losing at a game will make you determined to win the next time. Playing for some time, especially with your friends will take off the monotony of study or work and will sharpen your mind. We may feel tired while worth it.
For free distribution

ales
d“ethics” really mean? Well, it means pper conduct of well mannered and of
rules, regulations and ethics. in games and later in life activities
me to be maintained, by not breaking
mized f their rights (what they are entitled to)
tlessly solved Cory or defeat in a calm manner personal qualities
Figure 7.2: Self Esteem
or after playing, but the joy is well
38

Page 53
Through play, we get many benefits v being persons.
* * * * * * * *
* Leading a healthy life with
and strength. Having healthy relationship of ages, religions and ideas Learning to play by the rules
citizens. * Learning to be patient.
Getting to help others throu Capable of respecting the i Accepting victory and defe
Willing to be united. Willing to be happy and con
Build self esteem and self c * Learning to be co-operative * Willing to appreciate the tal
In the meantime, you must pay attention to the surroundings also. Be aware of unsafe areas such as pits, stones, gravel, broken pieces of glass, sharp pieces of metal, barbed wire etc. You must make an arı
while avoiding such unsafe conditions. by such dangers.
In any game, the talents of a single pl: For example, in cricket, one batsma being responsible for bowling the oth
For free distribution

hich help us to be social well
physical fitness, mental fitness
s with people of different level
, thereby becoming law abiding
gh team work. leas and views of others. at in the same spirit.
atented. onfidence. ! with others
ents of others.
Figure 7.3: Team- spirit rangement to organise the game So that no body will be affected
ayer may lead a team to victory. n scoring high, or one bowler er team out for a small score,

Page 54
can be considered. Prizes or t morale. In team games, unity, i encouraged. Shouldn't try to ups because it creates bad effect o1 society.
Participating in sports in accord. of sports will help children and a the society. Experiences gaine
when dealing with the society a be most helpful when dealing w
Rules and regulations make it e discipline. Those who break th field or suspended from playing. to do so in order to prevent the
BALUVE08
Figure 7.4:- Various The expressions of a player, st
manner. This way, the good nam and regulations are responsib conflicts between players so th level.
For free distribution

rophies can be given to boost their moral values and team spirit must be -hine unfairly while playing as a team, a winning the game and value of the
ance with rules, regulations and ethics adults alike, to lead a successful life in d in the sports field may be applied Lt large. Obedience and tolerance will rith your elders.
Easy for people or players to maintain me rules can either be sent out of the The umpire or referee has the authority game from getting uncontrollable.
e expressions of players hould act in humble and disciplined e of the game will be preserved. Rules le for preventing any clashes and at play-ethics can be kept at a high
40.

Page 55
Contribution towards the player
All children like to play. Will there be are a member of a team, then it is your the game and act with team-spirit wł game. Do you know that the entire discredited if one or two members break would be not only on the errant individ even the country that he or she represe
Now-a-days, social values are fast dete which involves working according to I this situation as it enables you to contr
Responsibility towards the player
1. Perform to the best of his or he 2. Perform in a disciplined manne 3. Obey rules and regulations 4. Help the team to win
The above responsibilities are applica studies as well as for day-to-day life.
Exercise
1) Introduce a new game which ca
players.State the rules of the ga 2) How does the player's cont
responsibility, help in the succe 3) How does the sport lead to imp
For free distribution

a game without players? If you
duty to safeguard the ethics of nile observing the rules of the
team may be disqualified or - the rules? Shame and discredit ual but on the school, village or ented.
riorating. Participating in sport rules should certainly improve -ol yourself.
r ability
ble not only for sports, but for
an be played by three or more
me. tribution and the player's ess of sports? rove the quality of life?

Page 56
LET'S GET US
This unit will give you......
an idea h
Healthy Diet
We get all our nutrients by means of what we eat and drink. Different substances in varying amounts are required for various activities that occur in our bodies.
We must get a balanced diet for all our meals. Do you know the meaning of this? Well, you must consume the necessary types of nutrients in the body.
• Carbohydrates
suppl
• Fats
• Proteins – Help in growth
• Minerals and vitamins –
It is necessary to say that there Food containing dietary fibre ( constipation.
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ED TO HEALTHY FOOD
HABITS
Dw to have a nutritious diet.
Figure 8.1
the correct proportions as required by
y energy for the function of the body.
I of the body. protect from diseases.
should be a generous supply of water. roughage) is also required to prevent
E 42

Page 57
Activity
Collect pictures of various food items Paste them in your scrap-book under
sprats
pumpkin
water
banana
Figure 8.2:Balanced
Excess of or insufficient intake of the can cause health problems. Let's ci problems.
starch and sugar
Lack of
calcium
iron
protein
43
For free distribution

containing the above nutrients. appropriate headings. .
rice
dhal
green leaves
diet
nutrients required by the body, onsider some of these health
Result
feeling weak/ lifeless
weak bones and teeth anaemia (less red blood cells)
weak growth

Page 58
Food containir
Excess of
Food contain
and oils
A healthy diet is essential for ! growth. It would provide us wi our daily activities.
You cannot eat the same type o diet may be. So there should be can be prepared in different w cooked, devilled, fried, stewed not hesitate to eat the food if when fresh, are tastier and more you heard about “hath malu vegetables are cooked in one e your elders. The concept of eating five typ advised by health experts.
Following are the facts to be
meals;
variety freshness
natural condition * high quality
required quantity of 1 * enough of food quan * fair price
For free distribution

Result
g sugar
• Obesity/tooth decay!
diabetes
ing fats
Obesity/Lead to heart diseases during old age
nealthy living, which leads to a proper th sufficient protection and energy for
-f food every day, however healthy the variety in the food. The same vegetable says on different days. Fish could be or made into an ambulthial. We would it is tasty! Natural foods, especially e nutritious than preserved food. Have
wa” or “Saambar” where different curry? Find out more about this from
es of vegetables or fruits a day is now
oncerned while arranging your daily
lutrients tity
E 44

Page 59
Activity
Suggest suitable food items for;
a) breakfast b) lunch
c) dinner All three meals should be balanced suggestions of a number of students can for a week or even a month.
You may have heard elders telling you o * It is good to include leafy vegetable
and brain- power. * Do not eat ginger for at least four to
manioc. * Red rice is much healthier when i
Have you paid attention to these? You some scientific basis. You too can help in selecting food w low cost. Join your elders when they select fresh-looking fruits and vegetal damaged, they may have already been Fresh raw vegetables, fish, meat, fruits value than canned or processed stuff.
A meal which contains all the items required proportions can be classed i the food requirements and the capaci different people may vary widely. Ex: as the one given below, will give an : of various types of food that should g
45 =
For free distribution

diets. A comparison of such be collected to prepare menus
certain things about food, like: -s as it improves eye- sight
- five hours, if you have eaten
it is unpolished.
u should, since they do have
ith high nutritional value, at do marketing. Help them to bles. If they are crushed and a breeding harmful microbes. - etc. have a higher nutritional
s needed by the body in the as a balanced diet. However, ities of absorption of food of amination of a food pyramid, idea as to the rough amounts Eo into a person's meal.

Page 60
oil and sugar
milk and dairy products
vegetables
cereal, i
Figure 8.3: The f
The area or the size of eac indication of the amounts o consumed. The largest are: containing cereals, which ar us with the much needed ene work. Vegetables and fruits they are also needed in larg with vitamins and minerals tha various diseases. Milk, pulses, body growth.
Oils and sugar in small quanti Some vitamins dissolve only can enter the blood stream onl water or fats.
For free distribution

food containing proteins
(fish,meat,eggs,pulses)
fruits
rice, carbohydrates
Food pyramid
h level of the food pyramid is an f each type of food that should be a is occupied by the lowest level e the carbohydrates. These provide rgy for growth and the ability to do are in the next level indicating that e quantities, since they provide us t are responsible for protecting us from fish and meat contain protein for the
ties are also necessary for our meals. in fats not in water. The substances y if they dissolve in some medium like
= 46

Page 61
Incorrect food habit rises the health 1. Malnutrition- caused by insuff
especially carbohydrates and pro 2. Obesity- caused by eating too r
fatty food. You may be able to easily recogni in children. Note how they look an
Figure 8.4: Obesity
Now you know the importance of a hea with your family members and set abo meal an ideal one! Ask the children of other races abo for their main meals. That way, you food eaten by people of all races in ou
Exercise
1) What do you understand by the terr 2) Describe different ways of preparin
(a) Fish (b) Jak (C)Tender leave 3) Get together with your classmates ar
share it among everybody in the cla: 4) How does “malnutrition” and “obes
47 =
For free distribution

problems. They are; cient intake of nutrients, steins. nuch of starchy, sugary and
ze malnutrition and obesity d act.
gure 8.5: Critical status of
malnutrition
lthy diet. You can get together ut planning and making every
but the items that they take
will become familiar with the r country.
n“balanced diet"? ng the following, eatables. Es of Kohila. nd prepare a fruit salad. Then
SS.
ity” arise?

Page 62
5) Name 15 different types
races, in Sri Lanka. 6) Solve the given cross wo
Clues across : 2 - This component in the 5- Low Haemoglobin le 6 - This type of diet is the Clues down: 1- This nutrient occurs i 3 - This is a dish where e 4 - This is the staple diet
ƏJIN
peres uiƏ10.
UMop s
For free distribution

of food eaten by people of different
rd puzzle.
e diet prevents constipation. vel in blood. e healthiest.
n plenty in beans, liver, eggs etc. verything can be eaten raw. of Sri Lankans.
4 -
3 -
1 - Clue
6 - Balanced 5 - Anaemia 2 - Fibre Clues across; Answers:-
= 48

Page 63
09
LET'S STUDY
FASCINAT After this lesson......
You will learn to talk
The skeletal system
The digestive system.
The muscular system
The respiratory system
The nervous system
The circulatory system
Figure 9.1
The human body, is truly amazing. N collection of machines can function t does. How marvelous that you can see, hea exciting things around you! A chair, do these. Why? Because they do not us now consider some parts of our bo
For free distribution
F49 =

ABOUT OUR ING BODY
pe care of
your entire anatomy.
The lymphatic system
The endocrine system
skin
o single machine or even a he way that the human body
r, feel, smell and taste all the
pen, doll or toy cannot nave life, the way we have. Let
dy.

Page 64
Skin
The skin covers the body, 1 are receptors in the inner la temperature changes, pain, t these sensations are carried action can be taken.
Activity
Write five changes in the env your responses to each chan
The outermost layers of cell wear away while new cell underneath. If the skin is ver come off when the skin is sci
The skin also helps you to n What did you feel when either a race? At such a time, did y blowing of wind? When the t to heat or due to exertion, th
Water in the sweat evaporates feels cold.
Have you noticed that hair stai cold? The air that is then trapp body heat from escaping. The and the sole of your feet is tl 'skin can withstand wear and
hands and feet.
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hus affording protection. Also there yers of the skin, which can identify puch and pressure. Information about - to various organs so that necessary
Gironment that your skin detects and state ge.
s in the skin are non-living and they s are constantly being added from y dry, it can be noticed that dry scales catched.
naintain a constant body temperature. the outside is very hot, or after running ou feel comfortable when there was a vody temperature rises due to exposure e skin gives out sweat to the surface. s using the body heat. Hence, the body
nd on end when the outside is extremely ved amongst the erected hairs, prevents 2 skin covering the palm of your hand nicker than at other places. This thick tear that occurs due to work done by
= 50

Page 65
The shine on the skin and hair is bec from the oil glands present near the comes to the skin surface and prev giving it a supple look. Insufficient e shows cracks, and scales. The skin s by washing with clean water. Many of avoided and the skin will look beautiful
Hair
Can you believe that hair is formed Except at the soles and palms, the re the hair in the head grows in length, body remains short. These hairs dro Living part of a hair is only its root wl skin. The rest of the hair is not alive. Th; we cut our hair. Hair makes us beautifu
Nails Do you believe that nails are also for as parts of the skin. The living part nail is only its root which is embed deep in the skin. If the nails are long, of dirt gets collected under them. Not do such hands look ugly, but they w be breeding grounds for germs. So k your nails short by cutting them regula
Why is it that we do not feel when ou It is because these parts are lifeless. In addition to the colour difference
wonder of the skin is the uniqueness ( Any how there are no same finger i why people can be identified by thei useful in arresting criminals.
(51) =
For free distribution

cause natural oil is secreted
shaft of the hair. This oil ents drying up of the skin, eil results in dry skin which hould always be kept clean the skin ailments can then be
as parts of the skin itself? st of the skin has hair. Only
while hair on the rest of the -p off, and new hairs grow. nich is embedded deep in the at is why it does not hurt when al and protects our head too.
med of a Ided a lot
only
buld
Figure 9.2: Nails
Keep
arly.
r nails or hair get cut?
e amongst people, another of the finger prints.
prints to be found. That is r finger prints. This is very

Page 66
Activity Press all your fingers pa and then on a white par
magnifying glass. Are theyt prints of a number of frier
Teeth
canine
premolar
incisor
mola
QUOJIIN
Figure 9.4: Arrangement of tee
6 to 12 years, and the strong damaged no new teeth are f protect them especially from 20 milk teeth and 32 permane
For free distribution

1 Ring
Thumb 1 Index
| Maddie Finger
Finger
Fin 24
Finger
Litte Finger
Figure 9.3: Finger Prints
ilm downwards, first on an ink pad, per. Examine each finger print, using a he same or different? Compare the thumb nds. Did you see any similarity?
Teeth contribute to a pleasant smile. The teeth have various shapes for various purpose. Front teeth are for biting, and the others are for tearing chewing and grinding the food in order to break up the food into small pieces. Infants that depend on mother's milk, do not have teeth. It is a wonder how teeth start developing when the infant starts on solid food. The first formed teeth, called milk teeth, are not very
strong. They fall at the age of ger, permanent teeth grow. If they are ormed. So great care must be taken to ooth decay. As a human being there are nt teeth.
eth
= 52

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Reasons for the tooth decays are;
* Not cleaning the teeth properly. * Consuming food and drinks with * Taking very hot or, very cold foo * Cleaning the teeth with hard, po * Nibbling hard items like pen clips * Cleaning teeth with abrasives like s
Downward strokes clean Upward strokes clean the A ba
the upper teeth
lower teeth Figure 9.5: Correct way to br
Protection of your teeth can be done by i some of which are given below:
* Brush the teeth after every meal -
brush the five sides of the tooth. * Use proper tooth brushes. * Wash your mouth after eating sw * Avoide the use of hard, pointed * Eat food containing calcium. * Get your teeth examined by a dent
especially if you suspect any den * Fill in cavities as soon as possibl
* If a tooth is removed or broken d
dentist as soon as possible.
53
For free distribution

a high sugar content. d and drinks, frequently. inted structures like pins.
, hard lids, etc. and, rough charcoal etc.
(TO
ck and forth action eans the morlars ush the teeth.
An up and down action cleans behind
the teeth
following good health habits,
- follow the correct method to
eets. objects to clean the teeth.
ist, at least once in six months, tal disorders.
luring an accident, consult a

Page 68
| Bones, Muscles and Joi Joints, which are present bet rotate our bodies in various y work with hands, feet and th Together our bones, muscles and cartilage form our musci every day physical activities. Let us now consider the cl like walking very fast or ri two minutes and observe th are some of the changes ti after the run. See whether y * Faster rate of heart beat * Increased sweating * Flushed (red) face
Find out why the above men
Isn't it a wonder that physica and efficient? It is because of organs that occurred as a res to perform that task. These ty
Several organs combine to various funtions of our body
* The digestive system.
* The respiratory system.
* The circulatory system
For free distribution

nts ween two bones, enable us to bend and vays. This is how we can do all sorts of e rest of the body. and joints along with tendons, ligaments alo-skeletal system and enable us to do
hanges that occur when doing a task anning. You can run for about one or e changes in your body. Listed below hat may have occurred in your body Du have noticed them.
tioned changes occurred in your body
lexertion makes you more alert, lively the increased flow of blood to the vital ult of the increased demand for energy pes of fascinating things are natural.
form systems for the performance of
- to digest food. - for respiration.
- for blood circulation.

Page 69
* The reproductive system -
* The musculo - skeletal system
Changes in the body as we grow:
You may have photographs of yourself a small child of about 3 or 4 years. Com the mirror. What do you notice?
If you keep a record of your height ano
will notice that they are changing. Alon changes in the organs of the body.
The figure below, shows how changes with age, for a girl and a boy. With the getting your elders to awaken their mem the pattern of changes that have occurre
growth
12
Figure 9.6
The above is a pictorial representation ( of boys and girls between the ages 10 to diagrams, try to decide where further pl would be as your age increases.
( 55
For free distribution

For the propagation of the species for reproduction
for movements and to hold the body erect
when you were an infant, or, pare these with your image at
i weight over the years, you ng with these, there are other
s in body proportions occur e help of photographs or by mories, you can find out about ed in your body.
Age in yrs:
of the general growth pattern
19 years. By studying these hysical changes to your body

Page 70
When you look around the cl differ in their physical feature like the type of hair, skin col a number of your class mates own features. This will make y of the same age group. The height and weight of all c compared with the body mas the weight match the height. The average weight of a Sri I
Being excessively overweigt children run the risk of ge difficulties, diabetes, heart d and bones, even at young age
Exercise 1) Explain how the skin is
temperature to normal, wł 2). Put a tick [V] for the corre
incorrect ones. (i) The skin is the secon (ü) The prime function o (ii) The skin is not sensiti (iv) The dead cells of the (V) Hairs stand on end du (vi) Identical twins have i (vii) Enamel is the outer la
(viii)Different teeth perfor 3) Compare the skin of you
note the differences.
For free distribution

ass, you would notice that the children es. You can write down several features pur, fat or thin or medium-build etc. for
and compare the recordings with your ou realise about variety amongst children
nildren in the class can be measured and s index [given in unit 1] to see whether
Lankan baby at birth is 2.8 Kg.
nt and fat is known as obesity. Obese Etting various diseases like breathing iseases and problems related to joints
; involved in returning the body hen the body is overheated.
ct statements and a cross [x] for the
d layer of the body.
[] f the skin is protection.
ve. skin fall off but are not replaced.[] le to heat. lentical finger prints. yer of teeth. n different feeding functions. [] e palm with that of your scalp and
[] [1
= 56

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(10
LET’S BUILD UP C
In studying this unit...
you will be able to overcome and develop your physical, n
During the first week the school reopen, the teacher of grade 6 wanted to appoint a monitor to her class. Teacher asked the students to propose a name. He/she should be the best among all.
Sarath : Wije is the best person to be tl
He has a smart walk, handsom
to school everyday. He can pli Kamala: Oh! Please, Wije gets angry vei
tempered. When he gets angry Rasik : Ram is the suitable person for
everyone. Well disciplined an him. He guides to correct othe with him is that he is not much
E 57 =
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FOOD FITNESS
your defects mental and social fitness.
Figure 10.1
ne monitor. He is tall and fat. Le and also healthy. He comes ay Karate too. -y easily. I mean he is very hot
he hits everyone around him. this work. He is friendly with d does the work assigned to Is mistakes too. The problem
interested in sports.

Page 72
Ramani: This time we will sel
best. She is good ir memberships in mi environmental work and always with a s person for this purp
These are some different quali of the different students in sa
According to the above sig categorised in to three forms
1. Physical fitness 2. Me
On certain days you may have have got blocked or you just you were physically unfit. You may have spent days w depressed. Then you were not
Being physically and mental tasks without feeling stresse good level of fitness.
Activity
With the help of your series of simple exercises sui
For free distribution

ect a girl, instead of a boy. Savithri is the
studies as well as in sports. She has any societies and she participates in
also. She is humble, not hot tempered -miling face. I think she is the correct pse.
ties and different characteristics in some
me class.
gnificant characteristics, that can be of fitness, namely;
ntal fitness 3. Social fitness
e felt a little lifeless, or your nose would did not like to play and work. It means
hen you were not very happy in fact, feeling quite fit mentally. ly sound enough to perform the daily d is an indication that a person has a
physical education teacher, prepare a table for practices daily.
58.

Page 73
Physical fitness
Physica ability i effective healthy, emergen
Figure 10.2
How to improve the physical fitness 1. By consuming healthy food as re
quantities. That means, getting at
food. 2. Getting plenty of exercise involvi 3. Using correct posture and safety 4. Staying clean and taking care of y 5. Getting adequate rest and sleep 6. Avoid bad habits like smoking.
Mental fitness
Training your mind to bear various i sadness, happiness, anger, disappoint: as mental fitness.
For free distribution

fitness means that body's o function efficiently and ly in work and activities; to be to resist diseases and to meet cy situations.
equired by the body, in correct balanced diet made up of fresh
ng various physical activities. habits.
pour personal hygiene
emotional challenges such as
ments etc, can be recognized

Page 74
Patience, working to suit the si problems , humble to win and le are the good qualities that car as the mental fitness. Therefore these qualities can involving in sports like chess, n exercises etc.
Social fitness
Do frie
mal Thi and frie to S wit disp
you
Figure 10.4
elde
These are the characteristics
1. Sharing of other's sorro 2. Being appreciated. 3. Leadership skills.
For free distribution

tuation, solving Des with a smile - be recognised
be improved by meditation, yoga
Figure 10.3
you have a friendly nature of making nds easily? Social fitness is all about that kes you to get along well with others. s would not be so difficult if we respect tolerate each other, and have a pleasant ndly manner. Of course you will have ee that you do not associate closely h people who have anti- social vositions. Better to get the guidance of r parents, teachers and trustworthy rs when you choose your friends.
of social fitness;
sws and happiness.
= 60

Page 75
Physical, mental and social fitness the following benefits;
* Efficiency * Better health * Socialization * Mental satisfaction * Good at sports * Good personality * Satisfied with what you have
Let’s consider the parts of a phys
Fitness can be developed by doing varie that you have been selected for an activit the activity you have chosen you must
parts.
Figure 10.5
1.Warming - up exercises
Warming up is usually performed befor or exercising. Warm-up generally con intensity in physical activity. Ajoint me sport related activity. For example befor slowly jog to warm muscles and inci prepares the body mentally and physic
61 =
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Fill make you to bring about
sical fitness program
Dus types of exercises. Imagine ty of physical fitness. Whatever -do it under the following three
te practicing in technical sports asists of a gradual increase in Dbility exercise, stretching and
e running or playing you might crease heart rate. Warming up
ally.

Page 76
2. Work Out This is the main activity whicl eg:-Power training, Skill trainir
3.Cool - down exercises This consists of easy exercise transaction from and externa Cooling down can involve a s
Exercise
1) State four ways of staying 2) What are the ill effects of 3) What are the benefits of s 4) Write an article to the scl
importance of fitness.
For free distribution

a we performed as an event.
e that will allow the body to gradually I state to resting or near resting state. low jog or walk.
g in physical fitness. Estress? social fitness? nool magazine by mentioning that the
E 62

Page 77
HEALTH IS WEALT
DISE,
This lesson will guide you to... face against the diseases successfu health habits.
Let's consider how diseases affec
Chithra came to the school after staying two weeks at home because she was suffering from measles. She had enough protection and rest during her sickness. The following is a conversation she made with her friends, the day she came back to the school.
Chithra: Because of measles I suff
school activities and lessons
Fathima: If you had been vaccinated
would not have got this dise it before?
Chithra: I didn't know about such var
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H, LET'S PREVENT ASES
ally by developing good
t you
Figure 11.1
Fered a lot and I missed my
against measles earlier, you case. Why didn't you receive
ccine.

Page 78
Saroja: I too didn't know a
coming to visit you you because measle
Diseases, may be serious or routine and make us feel unco
Health development is be “Prevention is better than cui would have heard. A correct personal hygiene is basical This includes consuming a b: times, drinking plenty of clea
Difficulties we face due te
Loss of time for
work or study
Dif
Can spread to others
Unhappiness
linn
For free distribution

bout this vaccine. Actually I thought of .. But my mother advices me not to visit es is a contagious disease.
not, disturb us. They disrupt our daily omfortable and miserable.
st achieved by preventing illnesses. ce” is an old saying, which you probably E lifestyle pay a lot of attention to one's ly the best method to avoid diseases. alanced diet of fresh food at proper meal en water and keeping yourself clean.
diseases
Difficulties in the body (Physical and mental disorders)
ficulties we face ue to diseases
Have to spend money
Can develop complications
64

Page 79
Activity
Prepare a list of methods on how to pre diseases.
Immunisation
Some col prevented t a dreaded in one or b common s almost tota vaccinated You can as find out abo
received. Figure 11.2 Let us prevent from diseases
1. Keep your environment clean. 2. Maintain proper personal hygiene. 3. Get in to regular exercises. 4. Have a healthy diet. 5. Get appropriate immunization for
the age. 6. Get medical treatment whenever
indicated, without delay. 7. Get sufficient sleep and
adequate rest. 8. Reduce intake of salt, sugar and oil. 9. Get rid from bad habits such as
smoking, consuming alcohol,etc.
For free distribution
65

rent from such communicable
tagious diseases can be irough immunisation. Polio is lisease as it causes deformity oth the legs. This disease was ometime back, but now it is illy controlled. Children are against a number of diseases. k your elders about these and but the vaccines that you have
Figure 11.3

Page 80
Age 0-4 weeks Completion of 2 months
Disea ТВ
Whoop
Diphth Hepatit Haemoj
Completion of 4 months
Polio
Whoop: Diphthe Hepatiti Haemop Polio
Whoopi Diphthe Hepatiti Haemop
Completion of 6 months
Polio
Measles
Completion of 9 months Completion of 1 year
Japanes
Completion of 18 months
Whoopi Diphthe Polio
Measles Diphthei
Completion of 3 years
Completion of 5 years
12 to 15 years
Polio Rubella Tetanus,
First pregnancy -after 12 weeks Tetanus 2nd, 3rd, 4th pregnancy - after
Tetanus 12 weeks
Age between 15 - 44 years
Rubella
Table11. source- : Extended
For free distribution

-se
ing Cough, eria, Tetanus, is B, phillus Influenza B
Vaccine B.C.G Penta Valant Vaccine (Combination of Triple,
HIb and Hepatitis B) (1“ dose)
Oral Polio (1st dose) Penta Valant Vaccine (2nddose)
ing Cough, eria, Tetanus, is B, Dhillus Influenza B
Oral Polio (2nddose) Penta Valant Vaccine (3rddose)
ing Cough, eria, Tetanus,
s B, phillus Influenza B
e Encephalities
Oral Polio (3rddose)
Measles Vaccine Japanese Encephalities Vaccine Triple Vaccine (4 thdose)
ng Cough, ria, Tetanus
Oral Polio (4 thdose)
- Rubella
ria, Tetanus,
Measles- Rubella Vaccine Diptheria - Tetanus Dual Vaccine Oral Polio
Rubella Vaccine Adults Tetanus-Diphtheria
Vaccine
Diphtheria
Tetanus (two doses)
Tetanus (single dose)
Rubella Vaccine
: Immunization Shedule
Programme of Immunization (EPI)
E 66

Page 81
Activity.
Write an account on how you can o environment clean.
Causes for diseases
Different causes determine diseases. considering the causes; 1.Communicable diseases
- due eg:
i. Virus
Com ii. Bacteria
Pne iii. Fungi
Fun iv. Parasite/worms
- Hoo
Figure 11.4
2.Non communicable diseases - di
eg:
i. Diabetes ii. Cancer iii. High blood pressure iv. Heart diseases
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ontribute to keep the school
We can categorize diseases
to infectious organisms
imon cold. imonia gal skin rash k worm disease
me to bad life style,genetic
Figure 11.5

Page 82
Exercise
1) Write two common diseas 2) What do you mean by the i 3) Name an epidemic which c
country. 4) Write a short story to high
than cure”.
For free distribution

es among students. erm “immunisation"? an be found in Sri Lanka or in any other
light the adage “ Prevention is better
E 68

Page 83
LET'S LEARN'
EMOT By this lesson....
You learn to control your er
so it makes you Shinali is normally a calm and quiet girl. One day, the teacher shouted at her and punished her for a
misdeed of Maneesha. As she did not want to betray
Maneesha who was too timid to own up; Shinali had to face the humiliation. For the rest of that day, Shinali was angry with everybody! Usually Sameera comes first in class, but this time he is the fourth. He felt disappointed, to show it. But he congratulated the oth than him. Sohan could not hide the tears when down to the fifth place from his form on the other hand, was jumping with jo former fifth position.
These children have been showing vario a condition of emotional balance. Who
69 =
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TO CONTROL 'IONS
notions, to have a healthy life.
Figure12.1 put he was very careful to not her three who had more marks
he realized that he had gone er second position. Hasantha py. He had come first from his
us emotions. Only one showed b is that?

Page 84
Anger, sorrow, disappointme emotion. People resort to do emotional situations. Can yo Jude came beaming to class desk. His friends admired it grabbed it and threw it out some of them started blamin; Rajan went outside to pick uj state the types of emotions in The following factors will be h our emotional feelings.
* Fulfilling one's needs with * Ignoring tensions and mise
not help one to think clearl
person emotionally unbalai * Having good self confiden
face challenges without get emotional disturbances. * Decision making ability. * Being satisfied with what y
There are many advantages consider some of them.
Figure 12.3: Aggressive
For free distribution

nt and joy are some of the extremes of ping drastic deeds under unfavourable I suggest some such actions? , and kept his new pencil case on his
as it was beautiful. Suddenly Ruwan of the window. All were shocked and g Ruwan. In the meantime, Hilmy and o the box that was thrown out. Can you
volved here? elpful for maintaining a balance between
put hurting anybody's feelings. ries in life. Being miserable or tense, does y and makes the nced. ce to ting
ou have.
Figure12.2: Making correct dicissions
s of balancing our emotions. Let us
1. It makes you feel contented, so
that you can be happy with what,
you have. 2. It minimizes conflicts between
people. Conflicts usually end up hurting each other physically or
mentally. = 70 =

Page 85
3. It helps one not to be aggressive 4. Emotionally balanced people are 5. There will be lesser problems
tolerance. 6. Ability to managel control one
unpleasant situations, so that eve 7. Ability to think and act positivel
at the bright side of things. 8. All above will make you happy
As students, how do we maintain a bal:
* By behaving appropriately in var * Participating in various activitie
drawing, community work etc. Being exposed to different situa
forms of handling. * Tolerating and respecting the fee
Having good relationships with Using various special methods t eg:- meditation, Yoga exercises Being open minded.
With all these, there will be less worri so that our leisure time can be spent happily.
71 =
For free distribution

e and be peaceful. - well accepted by everybody. as there is a high degree of
's feelings helps to prevent erybody will be happy. y, so that you can always look
and make others too happy.
ance between our emotions? ious different situations. es like sports, dramas, music,
ations which require different
-lings of others. other people. o manage your emotions. - etc.
ies,
Figure 12.4: Friendly manner

Page 86
Exercise
1)
Given below are, ce like, happiness, a satisfaction, aggres
shown by each of ti (i) Sathithra was surpr
her birthday. (ü) Manila's mother di (ii) Srimal got scolde
wrongdoing. (iv) Yaseer got late to th (V) Today, all of us got
2) (1) One example of pos
three others. (ii) One example of ne
others. State the benefits of How does particip yourself to be balar
3)
For free distribution

ertain examples of emotional conditions nger, disappointment, sorrow, hurt, sion and shame. State which emotion is ne students in the examples (i) to (V) ised to get a huge box of chocolates for
dn't allow her to go to her friend's house d by the teacher for someone else's
ne school.
buriyani for lunch.
sitive emotion is happiness. State
gative emotion is sadness. State three
having a balance between our emotions? pation in sports help you to control Iced in your emotions?
72

Page 87
13
LET'S FACE THE
WITH A SMI
This lesson will guide you to..........
face the day to day challenge
Let us recognise the challenges wł life.
Troublesome obstacles which we
may have to face in our day to day life, can be regarded as challenges. Accidents, disasters, delinquency, exploitation, abuse are some of them.
Accidents Sarath loves to eat pineapple. So he started to chop the pineapple. By that Sarath got his finger cut. Finall There are chances of getting accidents injuries, abrasion, fractures, dislocatie electrocution are some of the examples
Activity 1) Below mentioned are some places w
Name two accidents which may tak In the main road, in your home plac In the play ground, in the jungle In the laboratory, in the water (river,
73 =
For free distribution

:CHALLENGES
LING FACE
in successful manner.
sich we face in day to day
Figure 13.1
y he got stitches to the finger.
at any time at anywhere. Cut Dns, poisoning, animal bites, s for accidents.
-here the accidents can occur. e place in each of the places.
swimming pool, beach)

Page 88
2) Collect some articles whic
accidents. Arrange them in
Some accidents may be not s is severe or minor it will distu
Disasters
From time to time we face disasters. Disasters can occur world. Floods, earth slips, whi natural disasters. Disasters car are natural disasters and man
Delinquency and abuse
Day by day as a child you fac experiences your life would experiences that you gain fror
How to protect from these? W
we
N
Pa
Be
Figure 13.2: Being protected
For free distribution

h contain information regarding some a order of frequency.
o dangerous. But whether the accident rb our day to day life.
accidents as well as various types of
not only in Sri Lanka but all over the Flwind, storms, tsunami are the common
be classified into two categories. They -made disasters.
e new experiences in life. Due to these be more successful. Sometimes, the n people can cause problems.
Tho are responsible for protecting us? re we capable of protecting ourselves? nough we can’t avoid natural disasters, e can prevent from being social victims. ou should always try to be with your rents, teachers and trust worthy elders. 2 aware of those mentally ill people pund you.
= 74

Page 89
The following facts will help you to fa lead a pleasant life.
* Awareness of situations - so tl * Development of talents - to ca * Self awareness
- Mak
do a * Empathy - To experience the fe * Communication skills - whi
und * Inter personal relationships - W
W
* Emotional balance - so that we * Ability to face tense situations * Ability to think logically
Creative thinking - to avoid un * To be bold enough to make cor
responsibility. * Problem solving ability. * Use of attractive and presentat
Analitical thinking
Better communication skills
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ce challenges successfully to
hat we can be prepared. apitalize on any situation. ces you realize what you can und cannot do.
elings of another. ch make it possible to erstand each other.
hich help us to get along ith each other. e can be calm any time. - without getting agitated. - so we do not regret later. pleasant situations.
rect decisions with a sense of
ble methods.
Good interpersonal relationships
Figure 13.3

Page 90
In order to lead a happy and c face any challenge successfully. or ill effects. Below conveys some warning
Road is S
Poisonous
Ra
Men at work
Exercise . 1)
Empathy means exp That is to be in so small story to illustr challenges successfi Who are the people
2)
For free distribution

Dntented life, all of us should be able to - while avoiding or minimizing any harm
E slogans about the dangers
slippery
More inflammable
dio active
High voltage
eriencing the feelings of another person.
meone else's shoes, literally. Write a cate how empathy helps a person to face
ully.
responsible for protecting us?

Page 91
Subject Competencies, Compe | Competencies and Competency Levels
Contributes to building up of a healthy /* Health Concepts * society.
entity. * Qualities of I physical well being. *
Qualities of psych-so |Fulfills human need for a Healthy
* Human needs * T
Live
needs and desires. *
between the satisfacti Performs Day -to-day activities
* Need for rhythmic effectively and attractively through
rhythm. * Rhythmic | the co-ordination of motor skills.
types. * Activities ca
of spinning in differe Demonstrates correct Postures to
*Factors effecting ph ensure a healthy live.
development of physi
equipment in daily af Spends leisure effectively through
* Concepts of enjoy involvement in sports and outdoor
activities. * Organ activities.
games. * Introducti
Applies specific abilities developed
* Correct walking */
Correct running * A through athletics, to the tasks of life.
off, flight and landi landing *Take and * Throwing substitute
equipment. Conforms Socially to the Rules and
* Concept, of Rules Ethics of Sports.
and Ethics * Contrit
Consumes Suitable food for a healthy
* Concept of healthy * Our ancient heritage the selection of heali of a healthy meal.
* That I have life.* Conforms to an efficient life style
happens when running to ensure the wonder of the body.
*What has happened
* Will I change furth Maintains Physical, Mental and
* Definition of fitnes Social Fitness.
fitness development Faces challenges successfully for
* Introduction to the well-being.
methods of preventi Exhibits cordial interpersonal relation-* Concept of emoti ships for the sake of social health.
emotional balance.
Leads a happy life successfully facing
* Challenges that ha obstacles of day-to-day life.
points in order to fac challenges successfull
life.

tency Levels, Content
Subject Content The necessity of being healthy as a biological -roper physical well-being * Factors that influence
Factors that influence psycho-social well being * cial well-being. ings necessary to live. * Difference between Importance of fulfilling needs. * Relationship -on of needs and desires.
activities. * Different situations that contain seg movement. * Jumping activities of different rried our to the rhythm of music. * Activities
nt ways. ysical appearance. * Basic postures in the ical appearance. * Correct methods of handling
fairs.
Fable games. * The need for enjoyable sports ized games, volly-ball, net-ball and other on * Dexterity with equipment. Arm movement * Position of trunk * Strides * rm movement * Position of trunk *Take ng * Stages of Jumping * Take off and air-borne activities * Throwing. e equipment * Throwing and catching such
and Ethics of Sports. * Importance of Rules bution of athletes. * Responsibilities of athletes. food.* Need of healthy food to ensure well being. e regarding healthy food. * One's contribution in thy food. * Problems of nutrition.* Preparation
Wonderful information about the body. * What g, jumping and throwing. * The wonder of teeth.
to one from birth up to date.** My abilities.
ver?
ss.* Importance of fitness * Aspects of a
programme. concept of disease. * Control of diseases and on. ional balance. * Factors that influence
* Methods of maintaining emotional balance. ve to be faced in day-to-day life.* Important e challenges successfully. * Need to face
y.

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සෞඛ්‍යය හා ශාරිරික අධ්‍යාපනය (E)

2012/E/06/110/72,000