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THE YOUNG HINDU
Vol. VIII,
December, 1944.
No. 3.
EDITORIAL NOTES
Readers will be interested to see the 'Young Hindu" once more after the lapse of nearly a year. The long interval is chiefly due to the acute shortage of paper in the Island. 1944 is passing away and we are entering into 1945. 1944 has seen one of the darkest periods in the history of the United Nations. We sincerely hope that 1945 would usher in an era of peace. 1944 saw the vehement eloquence of politicians for reforms, and organisation for unity among communities. We believe that in 1945, the Soulbury Commission will settle the political tension in the island and would remove all communal antipathies and bind us together into a United Lanka. 1944 also saw several changes in our College staff. We welcome the new members of the staff and wish those who have left us success in their new spheres of life. We wish all our readers "A happy 19451"
Natural Science Association The above association was founded early last year and since that time we are glad to note that we have been working well. The strength of the association has increased particularly this year. This organisation has for its members students reading Biology.
A business meeting was held early in July this year, with Mr. V. Ramakr'shnan, B. A., B. Sc. (Hons.) in the Chair.
The following were elected office bearers: Senior President: Mr. V. Subramaniam, B. Sc. Junior President:
Mas. Muru Shanmuganathan, H. S. C. Hony, Secretary:
Mas. E. Canagalingam, H. S. C. Asst. Seeretary &
Treasurer: Mas. Sivaramalingam, S. S. C.

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The outgoing President, Mr, Ramakrishnan, thanked the past office-bearers and at the same time appealed to the new officebearers for co-operation and to maintain the dignity and traditions of the association.
| The period under review has been fairly satisfactory. We had many ordinary meetings in which students participated. There were the reading of papers on subjects of interest like ‘Bees", "Life of Ants", etc. Soon after the reading of the papers there always followed a discussion in which members of the house had their doubts cleared on various points. » We were fortunate in having listened to Mr. E. M. Ponnudurai of the St. John's College staff when he delivered a lecture on "Plants and Animals". Le me on behalf of the association extend to him my sincere thanks.
By the individual efforts of the Students of the Univ. Entrance class, we were able to make the Biology Laboratory look far better than what it was a few months back. Collections of insects, butterflies, and animals are exhibited in the laboratory.
Our activities were not confined to the classroom aione. We had many successful tours to places like Mandaithivu, PointPedro and Kankesanturai. Such tours were purely intended for biological collection. On each of these occasions we spent the day out, most of our time being engaged in finding sea plants and sea animals and I am proud to say that we managed to get a really good marine collection. Usually we returned home thoroughly exhausted but felt the pleasure of having secured an interesting collection worth preserving.
I should record with pleasure the abiding interest and the infectious enthusiasm which Mr. V. Ramakrishnan, the founder of the Association, took in the Association. Indeed I am grateful to him for the valuable and practical suggestions he gave us from time to time.
I also thank our President for the great interest he took in the activities of the Association and it would not be far wrong if
we say that the excellent state of the Biology Lab. today is. chiefly due to the interest he displayed in arranging it.
While concluding, let me thank the members of the Association, especially the office-bearers, for the interest they had taken to make the Association a success.
E, CANAGALINGAM,
Hony. Secretary.

H. S. C. Hostellers’ Union
The period under review saw an influx of fifteen members.
The beginning of the third term saw the varied interest the members took in the Union. It was during the third term that a constitution for the Union, drawn up by a committee appointed for that purpose was adopted. Again it was during this period that the Union took special interest in the farewell function accorded to Mr. S. V. Balasingham. In that function some
members displayed their eloquence.
Our Union is fortunate in having a number of good debators, We have had a number of debates. Some of the subjects for debates were well discussed. Indeed the debate on 'Should India be given Independence?" reached the high water mark of excellence. Some of the other subjects for debates were ‘Will Ceylon be benefited by a Cabinet System of Government?" and 'Should Women be given equal rights as men?"
Apart from debates we have had speeches. Some of the subjects were 'Free Education' 'Constitutional Reforms of Ceylon' and 'Future of Ceylon'. Besides these stirring speeches we were fortunate in hearing the captivating speeches of the Junior President and the Junior Vice-President,
We hope that 1945 will see our Union growing into a healthier and more active body.
N. VISAGA SEYONE,
Hory. Secretary.
Pasupathy House
Before submitting to our readers an account of the activities of the House, I must express my regret and that of my House at the departure of our Captain T. Canagalingam, who untiringly gave himself up to all the activities of the House. Our sincerest thanks and best wishes go to him in his new sphere of life.
On the field of Sport our successes have been varied and numerous. We are proud to record that we carried home four Challenge Cups out of the five and won both Inter-House Relays at the Annual Innter-House Athletic Meet. Great credit is due to the Senior Champion Muru S. Shanmuganathan and Inter
mediate Champion S. Balacunderam who scored many points for the House. Our thanks are also due to the others who took part

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in the Meet and scored points thus helping us to win the All
Round Athletic Challenge Cup.
Although our Senior team did not rise up to our expect. ations, our Junior Football team must be congratulated on their creating a record of 9 goals to nil against Sabapathy House at the Inter-House footbail competition this year.
In conclusion, I take this opportunity of thanking every member of the House and the House Masters for their ungrudging co-operation in working for the success of the House.
C. M. CULASINGAM,
House Master.
Report of the Jaffna Hindu College
Senior Lyceum
I have great pleasure in submitting the report of the Jaffna Hindu College Senior Lyceum for the year 1944.
I review this year's work with great satisfaction, and I am happy to note that it has been one of steady progress. We held sixteen meetings during the period, twelve English and three Tamil. Of the English meetings, four were debates, two lectures, six discourses and one Presidential address. Of the Tamil, one was a debate, one discourse, and one reading of a paper.
This term Mr. N. Mylvaganam, B A. (Hons.), a member of the College staff, gave us a highly instructive and interesting lecture on 'The Economic Problems of Ceylon'. We are highly indebted to him for this lecture. We are again indebted to Mr. A. S. Kanagaratnam, B. A., member of the College staff, for the instructive lecture he delivered to us on 'The Beveridge Plan'.
We wanted to have an Inter-Collegiate debate, but were not able to do so owing to various reasons. We hope to hold one
next year.
- I take this opportunity to thank Mr. S. Jeyaveerasingham, B. A., for the help he has rendered us as President of this Lyceum.
Let it be said in conclusion that our progress was due to the earnest endeavours of a few members, and we hope that more

members would in future take an active part and thereby train themselves to become able speakers. I take this opportunity to thank all the members who have co operated with me to make this Lyceum a success.
M. BALASUNDRAM,
Hony. Secretary.
Rabindranath Tagore Rabindranath Tagore the world-famous Bengali poet, was born in Calcutta in 1861. He had the misfortune to lose his mother when he was a child. He tells us in one of his books that after his mother's death he found a friend and companion in the world a.ound. He would watch the clouds floating in the sky, the flowers trembling in the breeze and other objects in nature, and find in them a source of beauty, joy, and peace of mind. * When he was about eighteen years old he wrote his first books of poems in Bengali-The songs of sunrise and songs of sunset. These reveal his strong love for nature. At the age of twenty-three he was married and then sent by his father to look after the family estate When engaged in this work, he composed several plays and poems, all of them, of course, in Bengali about this time he composed the songs in the famous Gitanjali and The Gardener. These he subsequently translated into English and through these translations he became known to the literary men in England, A.merica and the rest of the civilized world. These compositions were so much appreciated that Rabindranath Tagore was awarded the Nobel prize which is the highest distinction a literary man can secure.
Besides writing dozens of poems, plays, and delightful short stories, he has founded a great school at Shantiniketan where he himself and other distinguished men from all parts of the wo.ld teach the pupils. Rabindranath Tagore is not only a great poet but also a great patriot. He loves his country dearly and believes that our people by cultivating the ancient qualities of brotherly love and selflessness will become great once again as they were in the past. That is what he teaches in his books and in his great school hermitage at Shantiniketan,
S. NAGARAJAH,
IInd Form.

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SPORTS 1944
Considerable enthusiasm has been shown with regard to games this year. Though the attendanee at practice and interest displayed have been greater than in previous years, it must be admitted that there is plenty of room for further improvement in our physical activities. Inter House Competitions:
The Annual Inter-House Sports Meet was held in June last term and Pasupathy House won the Championship. Our congratulations to Pasupathy House. The Senior and Junior soccer competitions were held early this term. Sabapathy House won the Senior Championship and Casipillai House the Junior Championship. Our congratulations to them. Inter Collegiate Athletic Meet:
Fourteen Colleges participated in the Inter-Collegiate Athletic Meet this year, and we were placed 4th and we congratulate the athletes who took part in the Meet especially S. Balasundaram who won the Intermediate individual championship, winning the 1st place in the 100 yds. equalling the Jaffna Schools record of 11.1 secs. He also obtained the 1st place in the Long Jump and the 2nd place in the 220 yds. S. Shanmuganathan in the Senior divisicn ran a good race to finish 1st in the 440 yds. The Intermediate Relay team deserves our congratulations on winning the 1st place in the 4 x 220 yds. Relay.-Our congratulations to St. John's College on winning the InterCollegiate Athletic Championship. Inter Collegiate Football:
The Inter-Collegiate Football season is over and though we have failed to annex the 1st team championship which we had for the past three years we feel proud to record the distinction of winning at least one championship or other for four consecutive years. This year our second team won the Championship and we congratulate the Captain and the members of the second team who played so well throughout the season and emerged as deserving champions. We also congratulate them on creating a new record score of 22 goals to nil this season and on being champions or runners-up every year since the commencement of this Tournament.
Our 1st team on whom great hopes were placed to win the 1st team championship for the 4th year in succession were beaten

by Jaffna College in a well played match. Our congratulations to Jaffna College on their splendid victory over us. Though beaten I must say that our first team worked very well and deserves praise for their performance during the season. Losing the championship has not in any way damped our spirits. If it has done anything it has only served to strengthen the determination of our players to regain the championship next year. We wish them all success:--Our congiatulations to Jaffaa College and Central College on their well-earned Championship.
Tie following are the results of our Inter-Collegiate Foot
ball Matches: 2nd Team.
Jaffna Hindu vs. Chavakachcheri Hindu we won 22
Manipay Hindu Union College
St. Patrick's College Final
Urumpiray Hindu 1st. Team
Jaffna Hindu vs.
Skandavarodaya
we won Manipay Hindu Victoria College St. Anthony's College St. John's College Jaffna College
we lost
- N un o N
ITTIT
O HP
1)
29
23
99
);
99
N - w Ur un o
LITTI
OoOPoo
39
31
Athletic Colours awarded to:
S. Shanmuganathan. Footbal! Colours awarded to:
P. Sri. Rangarajah A. Ratnagopal
Athletic Captain 1st team Football Captain
,, Vice Captain 2nd team
Captain Vice Captain
P. Ehamparam E. Canagalingam S. Parameswaran K. Balachandran S. Balasundram
P. THIAGARAJAH,
Sports Master. .

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Bee Keeping
(A Summary of a paper read in the Natural Science
Association by Mas, S. Linganathan] The commonest type of bee used for apiculture in Ceylon is Apis Indica. The bees of this class normally live in the hollows of trees, but if disturbed, they fly out and cling to branches. The collection of honey from natural sources is so difficult, that api. culturists usually resort to the method of rearing bees in artificial hives, from which honey can be obtained both easily and free from impurities.
The artificial beehive consists essentially of a closed wooden box, in which are hung a number of frames. The upper part of these frames form the honey section, and are separated from the lower part wh.ch forms the worn section. Thus an artificial beehive ensures the complete separation of honey and worms, an advantage which does not exist in the case of natural hives. At the bottom of the box is a small aperture which allows the bees to enter or leave the hive as they wish.
The hive is now ready, but the problem is how to get the bees in. This is easily accomplished in the following manner. A natural hive is located, and the workers are driven off by smoking the hive The honey combs are now removed, and suspended from the frames. The bees which will have settled on the neighbouring trees are now easily caught, and together with the queen, are placed inside the artificial hive.
We have thus obtained a colony of bees. On close examination it is found that there are two other types of bees, excluding the queen. The queen is the most important bee in the hive.
Without a queen no colony of bees could exist. Next in inportance come the workers, which are in reality sterile females. As the name suggests it is they that do all the work, and in any hive it is the workers which predominate. Lastly come the drones, the laziest bees in the hive. They are a great nuisance since they consume all the honey, and so, the fewer the drones, the better for the hive. In fact their only function is the propagation of the race.
It is the queen which lays eggs. After mating, the d:ones die off but the queen returns to the hive. She then commences la'ying eggs in the cells of the worm section. The eggs which will eventually form queens are laid in special large cells in the

centre of the work section. An important point is that the queen has got the power to determine whether her eggs are to develop into workers, drones; or queens.
When there is no quen in a hive there is disorder. The workers do not work, and some of them begin to lay eggs which later form drones. This finally results in a scattering of the workers which either join new hives or perish. Thus we see that a queen is very essential if a colony is to exist. Without her presence, life in a hive would not continue, and as we all know this eventually ends in disaster.
Now let us consider the benefits derived from bee keeping. In the first place it is an enjoyable pastime. Moreover it is of pecuniary value since it yields wax and honey, the latter of which is a rather rare commodity. Thus we se that if bee keeping were adopted extensively, it would not only form one of the best of cottage industries, but it would also prove itself an enjoyable pastime, a healthy recreation, and one of the best of pleasures.
KAR
My Dream
BY MAS. T. ARULA MPALAM,
J. S. C. 'C'.
A fair lady, with unceasing tears, with chained hands and in despair passed in sight of me. Her dress was torn all over and her hair was in disorder. I was struck by the brightness of her face but I couldn't understand the reason of her sad plight. I wondered what would be the cause but I couldn't find any. So intending to find the cause I followed her. She walked quickly and I also did the same. Ve passed the village and came to the fields. I followed her unnoticed by her. We passed the fields and came to the forest. By several zigzag paths she hurried away and I managed to follow her closely, for it was very dark and she couldn't see me.
She came to an opening in the middle of the forest. She waited for a while and the Earth opened and let her in. I followed. What do you think I saw there? There was a great gathering and innumerable lights dazzled my eyes. All the people

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looked bright, happy and contented. In the centre I saw a huge Indian Flag. The word "Ahimsa" shone from it. Under that flag on a cushion was seated Mahatma Gandhi. At h's feet were all the war crimina's, all asking pardon of the Mahatma for the disasters, bloodsheds, wars, murders they had created and for the enmity and cruelty they had shown. I was so overwhelmed with ecstacy that I began to cheer and dance.
But now I fell from my bed to the floor. I awoke with a surprise. Then I realized that all these were nothing but a dream.
A Night in the Jungle
BY K. SENTHI NATHAN,
S. S. C, (B). In life there are certain occurrences, which the moment they are over, are obliterated from the mind. There are others, which, though they may reunain for a short duration in the memory, are also eventually forgotten. Then there is a third kind, which neither time nor place, the affairs of the world nor the joys of the lifetime can ever efface from the mind.
The story which I am going to relate belongs to the third category. It deals with the perils I encountered one night in a jungle. Although a couple of years has elapsed, I can still picture again and again the same awe-inspiring scenes exactly as they were two years ago. I can even now feel my heart throb. bing and the cold sweat on my brow.
During the Easter vacation, I visited one of my friends who happened to live in Vavuniya The journey to Anuradhapura from Vavuniya by car brought my friend and me across vast jungles. The moment we came to the threshold of the forest, a kind of fear gripped us and we could not help but stare with open mouths at the majesty of the open forests as we listened to the noise of the jungle. Since we had two doublebarrelled rifles with us, we nestled on the soft cushions of the car, but all the while we were on the alert, listening to the slightest sound and watching the movement of leaves as we roared past the forests mile after mile, for signs of any concealed antagonise, be it man or beast.

Darkness prevailed as unluckily it was a new moon day. Our car was equipped with lights but not very powerful ones. I who had had very little practice in driving a car at light, could not proceed further. So we decided to spend that night in the jungle. We parked the car under a tree and after making a fire in the heart of that jungle, sat round it gazing at the flying sparks. Each of us showed by his talk that he was not a bit shaken. Yet in our inmost hearts, we knew that each one was harbouring a secret fear in his breast. The noises around us sent a cold shiver through our frames. We felt that we were being watched and followed by hostile eyes. The crackling of the branches above us, would make us jump to our feet. Sitting rnotionless as stumps of wood and breathing in perfect silence, we strained our ears to help our eyes in their questioning of this obscure menace. We could see nothing. We could hear nothing
-until my friend fancied that he had seen a deeper shadow among the bushes and that it had moved when he looked at it. Armed with my rifle and with a blazing brand from the fire we had kindled, we crawled on our hands and knees and went to the spot. Lo! Our antagonist turned out to be-not a fierce tiger or a king cobra-but a broken stump of a decayed tree trunk.
Above and around us, was a pandemonium of sounds, like the chirping of birds, the gibbering of monkeys, the hooting of owls and the moaniag of the winds. Occasionally amidst this fracas, came the dreaded roar of some wild animals, at whose sound, our hearts seemed to pause in their usual beatings and seemed to ascend up to our mouths. My timid friend resolved to climb up a tree, and sleep there. As his proposal was not favourable to me, he had to accomplish his ambition alone, So he began his solitary ascent up the nearest tree and I got into the car and slept there. After a few minutes I heard a cry and found my friend at the foot of the tree, with no desire of attempting a second journey, I found that when he saw an owl on the tree. he lost his hold and fell to the ground. That night we scarcely slept a wink and, in tense suspense, we waited for the first glim
mer of the dawn. And never was the morning so heartily welcorne nor the sunrise so glorious to us as on that particular day. When our car reached our destination we resolved never again to go across a jungle during the night.

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CASTE SYSTEM-an Anachronism in this Enlightened age—a Plea to Abolish it
BY T. SRI RAMANATHAN,
Univ• Entrance The greatest evil of caste is that it is the very negation of human equality, of human dignity, and of human worth. It has created a social hierarchy or ladder, in which every rung naturally looks up to those higher, and looks down upon those below, a hierarchy based upon the pure accident of birth. Hence caste system, as it has been observed in Jaffna, reveals snobbery in its ugliest form, respect being paid not to ability or character or practical achievement but to the accident of birth. It brands large masses cf humanity with the stigma of inferiority, deprives them of their moral stature and of their inalienable right to equality and to opportunity for self-expression. It corrupts both the high and the low. It makes the high caste man over-bearing and oppressive It makes the lower orders servile and base, devoid of all self-respect. To acquiesce in the domination of the higher caste, to submit to the deprivation of rights and opportunities becomes, in the course of a few generations, to the lower orders a natural status to which they have been born, and which they must perforce accept. The aristocracy, as is the case in every country, becomes a privileged, self-indulgent class without
much incentive for exertion and consequently decadent.
In the second place, caste as a social system is biologically unsound. Without a fendal basis, caste cannot operate successfully and will die out spontaneously. It gives no scope for natural selection to take place, for the survival of the fittest and for the elimination cf the unfit. A marriage system based on caste is and has been the most potent cause cf national decay. The marked decadence of the Hindu peoples in India and Ceylon must be ascribed to the rigid observance of caste. Where many other considerations are sacrificed to caste in marriage matters, intellectual and physical decay can be the only result.
. As an economic system caste is even more unsound. Caste can thrive and save itself from extinction only under a Fendal system in which wealth is concenirated on the highest caste or castes and all others are dependent on them in one way or other. Thus there inevitably arises some class or classes exclusive and intolerant, who occupy a privileged position and enjoy far more

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opportunities than they deserve. But the vast masses of the population have to go without opportunities for self-expression and their talents have to run to waste. National progress and development in consequence come to be arrested or even seriously retarded. Incompetence is preferred to merit. Such a system is wasteful and uneconomic in the extreme.
For want of a fair field of competition so much latent talent in the lower orders runs to waste in the arid tracts of labour and handicrafts, while incompetent men lord it over in positions of responsibility and leadership. Caste is an objectionable system even as a division of labour. In these days of mechanisation and specialisation traditional skill such as may exist in trade guilds is useless and cannot stand competition with the mechanical output. Besides the want of education, technical and scientific, in hereditary castes is a serious handicap to progress, with the result that handicrafts practised by particular castes become antiquated. Psychology does not support the theory that specific abilities remain inherited in any caste or class, at least their transmission through several generations is denied by science. We find over. crowding, poverty and degeneracy in certain castes, while in others there is a paucity of hands, Labour which is the secret of wealth and happiness and physical and mental health is degraded by caste.
Lastly caste leads to social unrest, friction and conflict. Thus considered from any point of view, the conclusion is irresistible that ca te is fatal to national prosperity, efficiency, unity, human dignity and honour.
Report of the Jaffna Hindu College
Historical & Civic Association
BY THE SECRETARY Office Bearers:
Senior President:
Mr. N. Mylvaganam, B. A. Snr. Vice-President:
Mr. S. Jeyaveerasingham, B. A. Junior President:
Mas. T. Sri Ramanathan Jnr. Vice-President:
Mas, V. Shanmuganathan Secretary:
Mas: A, Shanmuganathan Asst. Secy. & Treasurer: Mas. T. Kapagalingam

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This Association was inaugurated on the 26th July, 1943 with the following aims:
1. To promote the study of History. 2. To train students in the art of public speaking. 3. To teach civic responsibilities. 4. To organise expeditions and tours to places of Historical,
Archaelogical or Civic interest. Meetings:
We had six meetings of the Association. We are very grateful to the following gentlemen for having addressed our Association.
a ý m i o
Speakers:
Subject: Mr. K. Nesiah
"Cabinet Government for Ceylon." Swami Vipulananda
"Dravidian Migration." Mr. P. G. B. Keuneman "Soviet Russia." 4. » V. Nagalingam
"India and the War." 5. ,,- James Joseph
“Historical Novels.'" 6. ,, P. C. Gaussen
"Renaissance of Persia." The Speakers have encouraged us by their instructive discourses,
Debates:
We were able to have four debates. The subjects discussed were:
1. This house solemnly protests against the callous, cold blooded and unjustifiable execution of Charles I.
2. This house of opinion that the demand for a fifty-fifty scheme of representation is unjustifiable.
3. This house of opinion that provision should be made for a second chamber in the new eonstitution as it would serve as a check against political domination by the majority community.
4. This house is of opinion that the French Revolution does not mark the dawn of modern democracy.
Great enthusiasm was displayed by members in the debates. Oratorical Contest:
With a view to creating interest in Public speaking the Association conducted an oratorical contest for students in the whole College. The results of the Competition were as follows:

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Group I (H. S. C. & Entrance Forms):
1. T. Sri Ramanathan
2. Y. Duraiswamy
3. T. Pathmanathan Group II (S S. C. Forms):
1. R. Vishnu Rajendra 2. N. T. Sambandan
3. A., Shanmuganathan Group III J. S. C. E III Forms):
1. V. Sundararajah 2. S. Swaminathan
3. S. Sentilvel We beg to thank all members and well-wishers of the Association, who have given us their support in the past. We should be failing in our duty if we failed to acknowledge our gratitude to Mr. S. V. Balasingham, the founder and first Senior President of this Association, for the great interest he took in the Association.
Science in Modern Life
BY A. CUMARASAMY,
S. S. C. 'C.' Science has helped very much in modern life. At present we can see the importance of Science We shall consider the improvements that Science has made in Travelling.
In ancient days people had to walk a great distance and the rich would go in horse carriages or carts drawn by bulls. But now Science has made travelling easy and we travel very comfortably. In former days if people wanted to go to Colombo, they had to go by horse carriage or by sailing ships. This took them several days, but if we want to go to Colombo now,
we can do so in a few hours by means of the train or by motor bus, Science has introduced electricity and we are able to travel by train which is run by electricity.
Secondly we shall consider the advantages that science has brought about in communication. In ancient days people spent several days in carrying a message from one place to another. But now we have the post and telegraphic offices. There we can post our letters and they will reach the person concerned, in a

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day. Suppose somebody is seriously ill or dead, we can inform a person, who is in Colombo by means of the telegram or by the telephone which will take half an hour or so.
Science has also done a great deal towards medicine. Suppose a weak person requires some blood, the doctor can at once get some blood from some healthy person and inject it into him.
The present war has been helped a great deal by Science. We can see several aeroplanes, ships, anti-aircraft guns and several other things, which are playing a good part in the present war.
We have the radio and we can easily hear the news of other countries. We have electric lights, cookers, fans and several other things.
* If a man has lost his teeth, they can be replaced. All these things are done by science. Science has made everything easy.
If I Were a Butterfly
R. PATHMANATHAN,
Ilnd Form B. How I should like to be a butterfly! What beautiful coloured coats would then be mine instead of the dull looking clothes now I have to wear! I would sail up and down in the air as light as a feather with never a thought of lessons or school or detention or the scolding that my mother gives me for getting up late. It would be so jolly when I felt hungry to be flitting from flower to flower and sipping the honey from them. It would be such a happy change from the wheaten bread, rice and vegetable curries which we usually eat at home. When I was tired of wandering through beautiful fields and gardens with beds of varicoloured flowers or lofty trees in bloom I should perch inside a lovely lower cup instead of lying on a hard plank bed. I could sleep and dream, dream, and dream of the never ending happy days. I now remember what the teacher once, explained to us. He said that butterflies hve only a very brief existence. Most of them live only for a few hours only. Perhaps it is because they are so short-lived that Providence has meant them to have a merry time and every thing that is sweet and good during their brief exis. tence. I do not wish for the honey and gay life if it is to be for a few hours only. I am happy as I am. Let me have my earth troubles and poor fare.

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'சித்ரா?
By. S. MUTTUCUMARASAMY,
S. S. C. 'F'
கிரிபுலம் என்பது ஓர் சிற்றூர். அதில் மாபெரும் வள்ளலான சுந்த சம்பிள்ளைக்கு மகனாய் உதித்தோன் சிதம்பரன். அவனைச் சகல கலைக ளையும் பயிலு மாறு அவ்வூர் கலாசாலைக்கு அனுப்பி வைத்தார் பிள்ளை அவர்கள், கலாசாலையில் சிதம்பானும் குமாானும் இணைபிரியா நண்ப ரானார்கள். நாளடைவில் இருவரும் “உடுக்கையிழந்தவன் கைபோல' என்ற
வாறு ஆனார்கள்.
ஆம்! அன்று விஜயதசமி தான். குமாரன் பொழுது போக்குக்காக சிதம்பரன் வீட்டுக்குச் சன்றிருந்தான், அத்தருணம் அன்றைய கொண் டாட்டத்திற்காகச் செய்த சிற்றுண்டிகளுடன் சிதம்பரன் தங்கை சித்ரா காட்சியளித்தாள். அன்று தான் முதன்முதலாக குமாரன் சித்ராவைக் கண்ணுற்றான். அவள் அழகில் லயித்துவிட்டான், பொன்போன்ற மேனி யும், கார்க்கடலொத்த கருவிழிகளும், நீண்ட மூக்கும் கொவ்வைப்பழம் போன்ற உதடுகளும் அவளை ஓர் மன்மோகன் சௌந்தரியாக ஆக்கி விட்டன, எண்ணற்ற சிந்தனைகள் குமாரன் மனத்தில் எழுந்தன. தன்னை மறந்தவனாய் நிமிர்ந்து பார்த்தான். அவன் கண்கள் சித்திரா வின் விழிகளைச் சந்தித்தன. அப்பொழுதே வாழ்க்கையாற்றில் ஒன்றாக. இணையாக நீந்தத் தீர்மானித்துவிட்டார்கள். இருளும் சூழவே குமா ரன் அவர்களிடம் விடைபெற்றுக்கொண்டு தன் இருப்பிடஞ் சென்றான்.
நாட்களோடிச்சென் றன. சில அசம்பாவிதங்கள் காரணமாக சிதம் பான் - குமாரன் நட்பு முறிவடைந்துவிட்டது. எனவே காதலர்களின் சந்திப்பு முற்றுப்புள்ளியாய்விட்டது. ஆயினும் என்ன உண்மைக்காதல்!
காலச்சக்கரம் சுழன்றோடிற்று. குமாரன் இப்போ அரசினர் கல் லூ ரியில் வைத்தியத் தொழிலுக்காக வாசித்துவருகிறான். சித்ரா தனக்கு மணம் பேசிவரும் கனவான்களெல்லாரையும் வெறுத்து ஈற்றில் தன் அரு மைப் பெற்றோரையும் வெறுத்து அவ்வூர் வைத்தியசாலையில் 'நர்ஸ், வேலைபார்த்து வருகிறாள். நாளடைவில் தன் வேலைத்திறமையால் அவ் வைத்தியசாலையில் முதல் 'நர்ஸ்' ஆக விளங்கி வருகிறாள்.
"காளடைவூர் வைத்தாற்றில் த
வருடம் மூன்றாய்விட்டது. குமாரன் வைத்திய சோதனையில் சித்தி பெற்று கிரிபுலம் வைத்திய சாலையில் உதவி டாக்டராக அரசினரால் அனுப்பப்பட்டான், தாய் தந்தையரற்ற குமாரன் தன் மாமனின் உதவி யால் அவ்விதம் படித்து உத்தியோகமானான் தன் ஒரே புத் திரியான சிவகாமியை அவனுக்கு மணம் செய்து வைக்கவேண்டுமென்ற அவா வோடுதான் குமாரனை இந்நிலைமைக்குக் கொண்டுவந்தார் அவன் மாமனார்,
( குமாரனை இமணம் செய்வான் தன்"

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ஆனால் குமாரன் தான் தன் மனத்தை இன்னொருத் திக்குப் பறிகொடுத்து விட்டானே! இந்நி லையில் தன் எண்ணம் பூர்த்தியாயிற்று என்று எண் ணிப்போலும் மாமனார் திடீரென்று உயிர் நீத்தார். திக்கற்ற குமாரனும் சிவகாமியம் தனிக்குடித்தனம் செய்தார்கள் நாளடைவில் தன் அருமை யான தந்தையிறந் த துக்கமேலீட்டினால் சிவகாமியும் படுக்கையில் சாய்ந் தாள். குமாரன் அவளைத் தன் வைத்தியசாலையில் 'நர்ஸ்' களின் பார்வை யில் விடுத்து சிகிச்சை செய் து வந்தான். நாட்கள் பறந்தோடின. 'நர்ஸ்' சித்திட 7 சிவகாமியின் ஆருயிர்த் தோழியானாள், சிவகாமி தன்னை மறந்து சித்ராவின் கதையிலும் அழகிலும் ஈடுபட்டிருந்தாள்.
[ :நிசி. காந்தவிளக்கு மங்கிக்கொண்டிருந்தது. குமாரன் வழக்கம் போல் தன் மைத்துனியிடம் வந்தான். சிவகாமி உணர்ச்சியற்ற நிலை யில் படுத்திருந் தாள். ஜுரம் கடுமையாக அடித்த து. குமாரன் சஞ்சல் மிகுதியினால் மார்பையழுத்திக்கொண்டான். பின் சிவகாமி உணர்ச்சி பெற் றவளாய் தன் எதிரேநிற்கும் குமாரனையும் 'நர்ஸ்' சித்திராவையும் பார்த் தாள் அளவற்ற வேதனை யால் அவள் குரல் த ம தழுத்தது, குமாரன், சித்ரா இருவர் கண்களிலும் நீர் ததும்பியது. சிவகாமி தன் வரண்ட குாலில் *'அத்தான், எனக்கும் இவ்வுலக சுகபோகங்க ளுக்கும் வெகுதூரம். அவற்றை யான் வெறுக்கிறேன், என் கடைசிக்காலம் கிட்டிவிட்டது. என் ஆவி சாந்தியடைய நீங்கள் சித்ராவை ஏற்றுக்கொள்ளுங்கள்.. திக் கற்ற அவளின் மனப்போக்கை யான் அறிவேன், உம்... மறுஜென்மத்தி லாவது யான் உங்களை அடைய கலைவாணி அருள்புரிவாளாக'' குமாரன் தன் எ திரேகின்ற சித்ராவை நோக்கினான்: அவள் கண்களில் நீர் நிரம்பி யிருந்தது, இருவர் காங்களை யும் தன் மார்பின்மேல் இறுகப்பிடித்துக் கொண்டாள் சிவகாமி, அலைகள்போல் கொந்தளித்து அமைதியற்றிருந்த அவள் மன தில் கொஞ்சம் கொஞ்சமாகச் சாந்தி நிலவலாயிற்று. அவள் ஆத்மாவும் பிரிந்தது. சுபம்!
செவிட்டுப் பேச்சு
By. S. BALASUBRAMANYAM
Form II, A. அன்பர்களே! எனது செவிட்டுப்பேச்சைக் கேட்டு என்மேற் கோபங் கொள்ளாதீர்கள். நீங்கள் என்னைத் திட்டினாலும் சரி, எனது கட்டுரைக்கு காது கண் மூக்கு முதலியன இல்லையே என்று கூச்சலிட்டாலும் சரி, அது என் காதில் விழப்போவதில்லை. ஏன்? நான் செவிடன் தானே!
எங்கள் - செவிடர்களின் - பாம்பரையே ஒரு அனாதியான புகழு டை ய து.
''செகந்தனிலே செவிடரெலாஞ் சேர்ந்துவிட்டால், சிறப்பென்னும் புகழன்னை வந்தடைவாள் செவிடதனையுன்னி''

19
என்ற கவிதையின் மகிமையை உன்னி உன்னிச் செவிடராகிய நாங் கள் !-கிழுகிறோம்.
ஏதோ ஒரு பத்திரிகையில், செவிடரின் பேச்சின் சுவையைக்காட்டி யாரோ ஒரு செவிடன் எழுதியிருந்த ன். ஒருசிறு கதையை நீங்களும் கவனியுங்கள். காது கேட்காவிட்டாலும் பாதகமில்லை, உற்றுக் கேளுங்
கள்.
சுப்பன் ஒரு செவிடன் அவனது நண்பன் பெயர் எலி முதலியார். ஒரு நாள் எலி முதலியாருக்குக் கடுமையான சுரம் அடிக்கத் தொடங்கியது. இதை யறிந்த சுப்பன் - க்ஷேமம் விசாரிக்க அவரது வீட்டிற்கும் போனான். போகும் வழியில் தான் கேட்கவேண்டிய கேள்விகளை ஆயத்தஞ் செய்து கொண்டான். 'டான் எப்படிச் சுகம்?'' என்று கேட்பேன் அவர் 'நல்ல சுகம்' என்பார். 'அப்படியே ஆகுக' என்று நான் கூறுவேன்; என்று பல. விதமான வினாக்களை ஆயத்தஞ் செய்தான்,
--ஏலி முதலியாரின் வீட்டைச் சுப்பன் அடைம் தான், முதலியார் கியை டிலில் படுத்திருந்தார். காய்ச்சல் 108-ல் காய்ந்தது. செவிட்டுச் சுட்.. னுக்கு என்ன தெரியும்? 'எப்படிச் சுகம்?'' என்ற வினாவைப் போட்டு வைத்தான், காய்ச்சலால் வெறுப்படைந்த முதலியார், ''சாவது தான்" சுகம்போல இருக்கிறது'' என்றார். செவிடனுக்கு இது கேட்குமா? தான் நினைத்து வைத்திருந் தபிரகாரம், 6 'அப்படியே ஆகட்டும், யார் வைத்தி யம்?'' என்றான். இதனால் கோபமடைந்த முதலியார்,
''யமன் தான் வைத்தியம்,' என்றார்.
செவிடன், ''அவர் நல்ல வைத்தியரென்று தான் நான் அறிந்தேன். சாப்பாடு எப்படி?'' என்று கேட்டான்.
முதலியார் எரிச்சலுடன் 'சாப்பாடு மண் தான்!'' என்றார். ''அது நல்லதுதான். நன்றாகச் சாப்பிடும், தேகம் துரும்பாக இளை த்து விட்டது'' என்றான் சுப்பன். முதலியாரின் கோபத்திற்குக் கேட்க வேண்டுமா? எழுந்தார், சுரத்தை மறந்தார், தடியை எடுத்தார்; சுப்டம் னின் முதுகின்மேல் ஓாடி விட்டார்!
சுப்பன் காரணம் விளங்காமல் திகிலடைந்து முயல் வேகத்தில் ரோட்டில் ஓடலாயினான். எலி முதலியாருக்கு அத்துடன் காய்ச்சல் விட்டுவிட்டது. ஆனால் பாவம், காதுமட்டும் கொஞ்சம் மந்தமாகப்போய் விட்டதாகக் கேள்வி, காய்ச்சலின் கடூரமோ என்னவோ தெரியாது. உங் களுக்குத் தெரியுமா?.....ச...ற்று உரத்துச் சொல்லுங்கள், காது கேட் கவில்லை.
சங் கீதம்
S. R. S.; H S C. இவ்வுலகத்தில் பறவைகளுக்கும் மனிதருக்கும் மாத்திரமே பாடத் தெரியும். மனிதருள்ளும் சங்கீதத்தின் சுவையைப் பாராட்டாதாரும்

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இன் றன. ஓம், அல்லயில்லாவீண் களுக்கு
20 உளர், அனேகர் இயற்கையாகவே பாடும் வல்லமையையுடையர். சிற் சிலர் தமது வல்லமையைச் சாதகத்தினாற் பலப்படுத்தி சங்கீத உலகத்தில் மிகப் புகழ்பெற்றவரா யிருக்கின்றனர்.
பாடுவதற்கு வீணை, தம்பூர் முதலிய வாத்தியங்கள் உதவியாயிருக் கின்றன. ஒருவன் இப் பக்கவாத்தியங்களொடு படித்தால் அறுசுவை யுண்டிபோலும், அல்லது சாதாரணமான உண்டிபோலிருக்கும், ஒருவ னுடைய குரல் இனிமையில்லாவிடில் அவனுடைய பாட்டுகள் சபையின் கீர்த்தியைப் பெறமாட்டா. பெண்களுக்கு ஆடவரிற்பார்க்க, இயற்கை யிலே குரல் இனி மயானது. ஆகையால் பெண்கள் மேல்ஸ் தாயை வரி சைகளை அ திக சிரமமில்லா மல் பாடுவார்கள். ஆனால் ஆண்களோ மிகச் சி ர மத்துடனும் அங்க சேஷ்டைகளுடனும் பாடுவார்கள். சில சமயங்க ளில் கவியரசன் கம்பனுடைய ''கழுதை கெட்ட வண்ணான் கண்டேன் கண்டேன்" என்ற அடிகளையும் நினைப்பூட்டு வார்கள்.
ஆண்களுக்கு இயற்கையாகவே குரலினிமை அவ்வளவு இல்லாவிடி. லும், காடு, ஏரி, முதலிய வெளியான விடங்களிலிருந்து அப்பியாசஞ் செய்தால் குரல் வசப்படும். இதைச் சிறுபாாயந் தொடங்கியே செய்து கொண்டுவரல் வேண்டும். சிலர் சில நேரங்களில் சுதியோடு சேர்ந்து பாடுவதைவிட, அதிலும் உரத்து அல்லது பதித்துப் படிக்கின் றனர். சிலர் படிக்கும்போது ஸங்கீதத்தை மட்டுமே கவனிக்கின்றனர். ஆசலால் சிலநே ரங்களில், பாட்டின் பல வார்த்தைகளைச் சிதைத்தும், மாற்றியும், சந்தம் தவறியும், மனம் போனபடிக்கெல்லாம் பாடுகிறார்கள். இது ஒரு பெரும் தவறாகும்.
தற்போது சங்கீத உலகில் சுப்புலட்சுமியென்றவரே மிகவும் கீர்த்தி பெற்றவர்; அவரது இனிய குயில்போன்ற குரலும் அளவிறந்த சங்கீத ஞானமுமே இவற்றிற்குக் காரணம். சினிமா உலகிலும் இவர் கீர்த்தி வாய்ந் தவர். பொதுவில் சங்கீதத்தின் முழு அம்சங்களை யும் தெளிவாய்த் தெரிந்தவர் ஒருசிலர், சிலர் சுரம்பாடுவதில் தேற்சியுடையோராயிருக்கின் றனர். இச் சிலரில் செம்பை வைத்தியநாத பாகவதரும் ஒருவர். இன்னொரு சிலர்
இராக ஆலாபாணம் செய்வதில் கெட்டித்தனமுடையோராய் இருக்கன்ற னர், இவர்களுள் திருவாரூர் இராசரத்தினம்பிள்ளை யவர்களும் ஒருவர். சங்கீதத்தின் ஒரு கிளையான பக்திரசத் தில் வித்துவத்தன்மை சுந் தாாம் பாள் என்னும் அம்மையாருக்கே யிருக்கிறது.
இனி நாங்கள். சற்றே சங்கீதத்தின் வசீகரமான குணங்களை ஆராய் வோம். இராவணன் ஒரு மலையின் கீழ் அகப்பட்டு வருந் துங் காலத்தில் தன்னுடைய நரம்புகளைச் சேர்த்துக்கட்டி ஒரு வாத்தியம் செய்து நாதம் பிறக்க வாசித்தான. இச்சங்கீதத்தின் சுவைபற்றியே சிவனும் வந்தருள் புரிந்தான். மேலும், துக்கம், கவலை முதலிய குறைகளைச் சங்கீதம் நீக்கி விடும். ஒரு நோயாளியருகில் ஒருவன் பாடிக்கொண்டிருந்தால் அல்லது வாத்தியம் வாசித்துக்கொண்டிருந் தால் அவனது துக்ககரமான மனம் சற்று ஆறுதலடையும்.ஒருசிறிது நேரம் அவ .05 தன் நோயை மறந்து விட்டு ஆனந்திப்பான். ஆகையால் இந்நாட்டில் சங்கீதம் மோலோங்கி வாழ்க,
இதில் செம்பை வைத்துவதில் கெட்டித்தள்ளை யவர்களும் தேராம்
க ஒரு தேவம், துக்கம் *கத்தின் சம் ஒரு வாத்

COLLEGE CALENDAR FOR 1945
WEDNESDAY, JAN. 17
Sunday, January 28
Monday, February 26
Tuesday, March 13
Wednesday, March 14 Wednesday, March 21 WED., MARCH 28
Friday, April 13 Sunday, May 6
MONDAY, MAY 7.
Monday, May 28 Tuesday, May 29 Thursday, June 14 Monday, June 25 Tuesday, June 26 Monday, July 2 Wednesday, July 4 Saturday, July 7
COLLEGE & HOSTEL RE-OPENHALF-HOLIDAY Thaippoosam. Prophet Mohamed's BirthdayHOLIDAY Mahasivaratthiri TheerthamHOLIDAY Terminal Tests Commence
Marks of Terminal Tests reach Office Report Slips are issued-COLLEGE & HosTEL CLOSE FOR HINDU Nev YEAR HOLIDAYS
Hindu New Year Day Thirunavukkarasar Guru Pooja COLLEGE & HosTEL RE-OPENHALF-HOLIDAY Vesak-HOLIDAY Thirugnanasampanthar Guru Pooja "King's Birthday".--HOLIDAY Poson--HOLIDAY Mid-Term Tests Commence Report Slips are issued Inter-House Athletic Meet Commences
Final Day of Inter-House Athletic Meet Manickavasagar Guru Pooja S. S. C. Application Tests Commence Marks of S. S. C Application Tests reach Office
Maviddapuram Car Festival HOLIDAY Aadi Amaavasai TheerthamHOLIDAY Terminal Tests Commence
Friday, July 13 Monday, July 16 Wednesday, July 25
Monday, August 6
Tuesday, August 7
Wednesday, August 8

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Monday, August 13
Nallur Thuwa jarokanam Tuesday, August 14
Suntharamoorthyar Guru Pooja Wednesday, August 15
Marks of Terminal Tests reach Office TUESDAY, AUGUST 21 Report Slips are issued, COLLEGE &
HOSTEL CLOSE FOR NALLUR FESTI
VAL HOLIDAYS TUESDAY, SEPT. 11
COLEEGE & HOSTEL RE-OPEN--
HALF-HOLIDAY Monday, September 17.
Inter-House Football Competitions
Commence Tuesday, October 16,
Vijayathasami--HOLIDAY Wednesday, October 17
Mid-Term Tests Commence Monday, October 22
H. S. C. & Ent, Application Tests
Commence. Foundation Day Wednesday, October 24.
Report Slips (Mid-Term Tests)
are issued Wednesday, October 31
Marks of H. S. C. & Ent. Application
Tests reach Office Saturday, November 3.
Deepavali Friday, November 9
Last Friday in Aippasi-HOLIDAY Friday, November 16
Hadji-HOLIDAY Monday, November 26
Arumuga Navalar Day Wednesday, December 5 Promotion Tests Commence Tuesday, December 11Marks of Prcmotion Tests reac
Office FRIDAY, DEC. 14
Report Slips are issued-COLLEGE & HOSTEL CLOSE FOR PONGAL HOLIDAYS
(
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THE YOUNŮ HINDU
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PUBLISHED BY THE STUDENTS OF JAFFNA HINDU COLLEGE.
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