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rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008


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Page 8
纖
தமிழின் கவி கார்த்திகேசு சிவக்
ஒய்வுநி இலக்கிய நிலைப்பட் அடிப்படைகள் பற்றி மேற்கொள்ளப்படவி கவிதையின் இடைய முதலில் சென்னைப் விரிவுரைத் தொடரா
கவிதையியல்" என ப “தேடலாகவே" அை பக்தி இலக்கியங்கள், கோயில் இலக்கியங்க பல மேற்கிளம்பியத இனங்கண்டுகொள்வ தமிழ்க் கவிதையோட
பொருளடக்கம்: முகவுரை/ தொல்காப்பியத்துணையின் ஆக்கக் கொள்கைகள்/ சங்கப்பின் பாடல் மரபு/பாட்டி
絮翰綴繼綴
திருப்புமுனைகள்/கட்புல, செவிப்புல ஊடகங்களில் த ஈழத்துத் தமிழ்க்கவிதைமரபு - ஒரு சுருக்கம்/ உசாத்துை ISBN 978-955-659-068-4 / 248 Pages (XIV + 233)/
談
வன்னியின் கதை "வன்னியின் கதை" என்னும் இந் பண்பாட்டு பின்னணியிலே ஆய் கல்வி, கலைகள், வைத்தியம், இல உள்ளடக்கிய முதல் நூல் இதுவா நூல்கள், கட்டுரைகள், ஆவணங்க் பட்டறிவையும் பயன்படுத்தி இந்: அறிய விரும்பும் பொது வாசகர்க நூல் கொண்டுள்ளது.
ISBN 978-955-659-066-8 1240
இலங்கையில் முஸ் எம். எஸ். எம். அனஸ் - இலங்கையில் முஸ்லிம்களின் நுை பிரதான விடயப்பொருள்களாகும் என்பன மனிதப் பொது இரசனை தொடர்பான முஸ்லிம்களின் எதி இந்நூலில் பேசப்படும் மற்றும் சி எவ்வாறு இருந்தபோதும் கலைத் மிக்கவை. முஸ்லிம்களிடையே நி அடிப்படையாகக் கொண்டது என உரியது. இது இந்நூல் முழுக்கவும் குறிப்பிடலாம்.
ISBN 978-955-659-072-2 / 140
12ாம் வீதி, கொழும்பு- தொபே, 24.21388. 3 கெய்கை விநாயகர் தெரு, குமரன் காலணி, வடபழன்
அகன்ற ஆழ்ந்த அறிவிற்காய் இ
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

拳
விதையியல் is
பேராசிரிய, யாழ்ப்பாணப் பல்கலைக்கழகம் ட தமிழ்க் கவிதையின் ஆக்கம், அமைப்பு, கருத்துநிலை ய வலுவான தமிழாய்வு இன்னும் ல்லை. இந்நிலையில் இலக்கிய நிலைப்பட்ட தமிழ்ப்பா றாப்பாய்வு பற்றிய ஒரு பார்வையினைத் தரும் இந்நூல் பல்கலைக்கழகத் தமிழிலக்கியத் துறையில் (2004) க வழங்கப்பெற்றது. நூல் நிலையில் தலைப்பு “தமிழின் Dாத்திரமே நிற்பினும், புலமை நிலையில் இது ஒரு மகின்றது. சங்க இலக்கியங்கள், அற இலக்கியங்கள், காப்பிய இலக்கியங்கள், அரசவை இலக்கியங்கள், கள், சமூக நோக்கு இலக்கியங்கள் எனப் பேரலைகள் மிழ்க் கவிதையின் அடிப்படைகளை . தற்குதவும் வகையில் இந்நூலிலே காலநிலைப்பட்ட ட்டத்தின் பருநிலைப் பார்வை தெளிவாக்கப்படுகின்றது.
*றிச்சங்கப் பாடல்கள்/தொல்காப்பியம் சுட்டும் இலக்கிய பல் மரபிற்பாரிய மாற்றங்கள்/தமிழ்க்கவிதைப் பாய்வின் மிழ்க்கவிதை/நிகழ்த்தாத நிறைவுரை/பின்னிணைப்பு: ண நூல்கள் பற்றிய ஒரு குறிப்பு/ சுட்டி.
145mm x 215mm./ Price Rs. SOOF
முல்லைமணி வே. சுப்பிரமணியம் நூல் வன்னியின் வாழ்வியலைச் சமூக, பொருளாதார, வு செய்கிறது. வன்னிபிரதேசத்தின் வரலாறு, பொருளியல், 0க்கியம், சமயம், நீர்ப்பாசனம் முதலான பல அம்சங்களை கும். வன்னிப் பிரதேசம் பற்றி ஏற்கனவே வெளிவந்த 5ள், பதிவேடுகள் முதலானவற்றை உள்வாங்கி, ஆசிரியரின் த நூல் உருவாக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது. வன்னிப்பிரதேசம் பற்றி ளுக்கும் ஆய்வாளர்களுக்கும் வேண்டிய தகவல்களை இந்த
Pages (XIV + 200)/ 145mm x 215mm/Price Rs. 400/=
லிம் நுண்கலை முதுநிலை விரிவுரையாளர் பேராதனைப் பல்கலைக்கழகம் ண்கலை மரபும் கலை பற்றிய சிந்தனைகளும் இந்நூலின் 2. முஸ்லிம்களின் கலை ஈடுபாடு, இரசனையியல் உணர்வு ாயின் அம்சமாக ஏன் கொள்ளப்பட்டிலது என்பதும் கலை ர்ப்புணர்வுகளின் யதார்த்தம் என்ன? என்ற வினாவும் ல விடயங்களாகும். கலைக்கெதிரான மனோபாவங்கள் துறையில் முஸ்லிம்களின் சில சாதனைகள் மகத்துவம் லவும் கலைகளுக்கு ஆதரவற்ற மனோபாவம் எதை ன்ற வினா தொடர்ச்சியான கருத்துப் பரிமாற்றத்துக்கு b விரவிநிற்கும் ஒரு பொது விமர்சன நோக்கு எனக்
Pages (XII + 128)/ 145mm x 215mm/Price Rs. 400/=
లై it. Iowards Wilder and Deeper Knowledge


Page 9
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vy;yh Kf;fpakhd Mizf;FOf;fisAk; (cs;ehl;L ,iwtup Mizf;FO> vnyf;rd; nfhkprd;> gg;spf; Nrtp\; nfhkprd;> nghyp]; nfhkp\d; vd;W Kf;fpakhd nfhkprd;fs; vy;yhk;) epakpf;Fk; mjpfhuk; cz;ikapy; ,e;j murpayikg;G rigf;F kl;LNk cz;L.
,e;j murpayikg;G rig epakpf;fg;gl;L tpl;lhy; mjd; gpwF kw;iwa fkprd;fspd; MizahsHfis epakpf;Fk; mjpfhuk; [dhjpgjpapd; ifia kPwpg;Ngha;tpLk;.
Mf murpayikg;G rigiaNa epakpf;fhky; tpl;Ltpl;lhy;....? kw;iwa midj;Jg; gjtpfSk; mtUila iffspNy jq;fptpLk;. Mdhy; ,J rl;l tpNuhjkhdJ. vdNt epakpg;gjw;F ahiuAk; vjpu;f;fl;rpfs; gpNuupf;ftpy;iy vd;w rg;igf;fl;Lthjj;ij ,Jtiu [dhjpgjp nrhy;yp te;jhu;. ,g;NghJ vjpu;f;flrpfs; xUtiug; gpNuupj;J tpl;ld.
,jpy; [dhjpgjpf;F cs;s rq;flk; vd;dntd;why; midj;J rpWghd;ikf; fl;rpfSk; xg;Gf;nfhs;Sk; xUtiu gpNuupf;Fk; NghJ me;j xUtH jd;Dila Mshf ,y;yhky; ,Ue;jhy; vd;d nra;tJ vd;gJjhd;. ,g;NghJ kw;wf; fl;rpfs; xg;Gf;nfhz;bUf;Fk; Kd;dhs; fzf;fhsh; ehafk; khahJd;id mtHfis epakpf;f [dhjpgjpf;F tpUg;gkpy;iy.
ahiu epakpj;jhy; ,e;jr; rpf;fiy jPHf;f KbAk;? JujpH\;lkhf mtUf;F ,d;ndhU gbj;j jk;gp
. ,y;;yhjJ n mtuJ ,e Kd;te;J j jahuhf ,U Mdhy; m nghpa jaf nfhLj;jhfp
Mdhy; fy jFjp ,Uf fl;rpf;fhuHf mtuJ fuh
Mdhy; [d me;jg; gjt KbahJ? v KOikahd mwpf;if t nghUj;jkh jkpoiu epa [dhjpgjpf;F Vd; epakpf;f [dhjpgjp ,
rh

jk;gp ,y;yhj rpf;fy;
iwapy;
u
hjpgjp fpd;wd.
; d; p];
; vy;yhk;)
;ikf; uupf;Fk;
y;yhky; ;NghJ ;dhs; s
bAk;? ;j jk;gp
,y;;yhjJ nghpa Fiwahfg; Ngha;tpl;lJ. Mdhy; mtuJ ,e;jf; ftiyiag; Nghf;f jhdhf Kd;te;J jdJ ke;jphpg; gjtpiaAk; Jwf;fj; jahuhf ,Ue;jhH fyhepjp NkHtpd; b rpy;th. Mdhy; mtiu epakpg;gjpy; [dhjpgjpf;Fk; ,d;Dk; nghpa jaf;fk;. jdJ mjpfhuj;jpy; mtUf;Fk; gq;F nfhLj;jhfp tpLk; vd;w mr;rk; mtUf;F.
Mdhy; fyhepjp NkHtpd; b rpy;thTf;F me;jj; jFjp ,Uf;fpwjh vd;w Nfs;tpia mtHfsJ fl;rpf;fhuHfNs Nfl;bUf;fpwhHfs;. ,Ug;gpDk; mtuJ fuhl;br; rq;f fyhepjpg; gl;lj;ijf; fhl;b
mtiu epakpj;Jtpl KbAkhf ,Ue;jhYk; [dhjpgjpf;F jaf;fk; ‘mjpfhug;gfpHT’. nrhd;dijr; nra;Ak; xU ‘Rg;gd;’ me;jg; gjtpf;F mtUf;F mtrukhf Njitg;gfpd;whH.
,ij tpl;L tpLq;fs; ahiu epakpj;jhYk; elf;fg; NghtJ xd;W jhd; vd;W ePq;fs; rypj;Jf; nfhs;tJ njhpfpwJ. Mdhy; ,e;jg; gjtpf;F NkHtpd; b rpy;thit epakpj;Jtpl;L mtuJ ghuhSkd;wg; gjtpf;F Mde;jrq;fhpia epakpf;f xU Kaw;rp ele;jJ.
mJ ,g;NghJ if$ltpy;iy
Mdhy; [dhjpgjpf;F Vd; Mde;jrq;fhp mtHfis me;jg; gjtpf;F-murpayikg;G rigf;F- epakpf;f KbahJ? vy;yhtpjj;jpYk; [dhjpgjpf;F KOikahd tpRthrkhf mtH nrhd;dgb mwpf;if tplTk; Ml;fis epakpf;fTk; kpfTk; nghUj;jkhdtH Mapw;Nw mtH? jtpuTk; xU jkpoiu [dhjpgjpf;F Vd; [dhjpgjp epakpf;f epakpj;jjhf ,jw;F $lhJ?
fpilf;FNk?
vd;d ‘[dehafg; gjpy; nrhy;yg; ngUik’Ak;
NghfpwhH?
.
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Page 11
nky;yj;jkpopdp nky;yj;jkpopdp nky;yj;jkpopdp nky;yj;jkpopdp nky;yj;jkpopdp ,dg;gpur;rpidiaj;
Gypg;gpur;rpid = ,dg;gpur;rpid
Nguhrphpah; jp];] tpjhuztpdhy; midj;Jf; fl;rpg;
Nfl;gJk; e gpujpepjpfspd; jPh;T vd;W Kj;jpiu Fj;jg;gl;L
mth; mt [dhjpgjpaplk; ifaspf;fg;gl;l ,uz;L gf;fj;
itj;jhh;. g jPh;T gw;wp Mj;jpukilahjth;fs;
Nghd;wtw;w ahUkpy;iynad;W nrhy;yyhk; - Nguhrphpah; jp];]
mjpfhuj;jpY tpjhuz cl;gl.
Mjuthdt rNfhjuh;fS Nguhrphpahpd; fl;rpahd yq;fh rkrkh[f; fl;rp $l
gLnfhiy ,jw;F vjpuhff; fUj;J ntspapl;Ls;sJ.
njhlh;fpd;w rhj;jpak; m Mdhy; jkpoPo tpLjiyg; Gypfspd;
mf;fiwg;g jiyth;gpughfudhy; "eilKiw njhpe;j kdpjh;"
murpay;th (Practical man) vd;W ghuhl;lg;gl;l [dhjpgjp
nfhs;thh;f kfpe;j uh[gf;]tpw;F> ,th; fspd; ,e;j Mj;jpuk;
Fk;gy;fs;
Vd; vd;gJ Ghpatpy;iy. ghtk; mth;fs; 63 jlit re;jpj;J 11>000 gf;fq;fspy; vOjp itj;j jPh;T
Mf mth Nahridfis xNu ehspy; Jhf;fp tPrptpl;lhh;
eilKiwr [dhjpgjp vd;gjhy; mth;fSf;F ,e;j Mj;jpuk;
jdJ gjt Vw;gl;bUf;ff; $Lk;. Mdhy; 11000 gf;fq;fisAk;
nfhs;tJj gbj;Jg; ghh;j;J mij eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjw;fhfg; ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; rkh;g;gpj;J mjw;F mjd;
vdNt m Mjuitg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tJ vd;gJ vt;tsT
jpl;lj;ijf fbdkhd fhhpak; vd;gJ [dhjpgjpf;Fj; njhpAk;.
rl;lj;ij e eilKiwr; rhj;jpakpy;yhj tplaq;fspy;
jPh;Tf;fhd ,wq;Ftjpy; mth; mt;tsT mf;fiw fhl;Lgth;
mwptpj;Js my;y. gj;jphpiffis tpkh;rpf;f Ntz;lhk; vd;W
Ntz;ba v Nfl;gJk;> jd; fl;rp murpay;thjpfisj; jhd;
vy;yhf; fl epidg;gtw;iwr;> nra;gtw;iw Vw;Wf; nfhs;SkhW
mkh;Tfspy
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008

ypg;gpur;rpid = ,dg;gpur;rpid
Nfl;gJk; eilKiwr; rhj;jpakw;w tplankd;gjhy; mth; mth;fis NtW topfspy; xg;Gf; nfhs;s itj;jhh;. gjtpiag; gwpj;jy;> gwpg;gjhf kpul;Ljy; Nghd;wtw;why; mth;fisf; fl;Lg;gLj;jpdhh;. mjpfhuj;jpYk;> fl;rpf; Fs;Sk; jdf;F Mjuthdth;fs; Njit vd;gjhy; jdJ rNfhjuh;fSf;Fg; gjtp toq;fpdhh;. ehL KO tJk; gLnfhiyfSk;> Ml;flj;jy;fSk; njhlh;fpd;wijf; fl;Lg;gLj;JtJ eilKiwr; rhj;jpak; mw;wJ vd;gjhy; mth; mijg; gw;wp mf;fiwg;gl tpy;iy. vjph;f;fpd;w> epahak; Nfl;fpd;w murpay;thjpfisAk; mth;fs; ftdpj;Jf; nfhs;thh;fs; vd;gjhy;> mth; ,e;jf; nfhiyf; Fk;gy;fs; gw;wpAk; mf;fiw fhl;ltpy;iy.
Mf mth; xU eilKiwthjp (Practical man). eilKiwr; rhj;jpakhdnjJNth mijr; nra;J jdJ gjtpiaAk;> mjpfhuj;ijAk; ghJfhj;Jf; nfhs;tJjhd; mtuJ ,ay;G.
vdNt mth; 11000 gf;fq;fisf; nfhz;l jPh;Tj; jpl;lj;ijf; fplg;gpy; Nghl;Ltpl;L 13MtJ jpUj;jr; rl;lj;ij eilKiwg; gLj;Jtjd; %ykhf jPh;Tf;fhd Kaw;rpapy; 

Page 12
12
cUg;gbahd jPh;T cs;slq;fp ,Uf;Fk;> mjd; %ykhf ehl;bw;F VjhtJ ey;yJ elf;Fk; vd;W ahuhtJ ek;gpapUe;jhy;> ,g;NghJ eilngw;w [dhjpgjpapd; ,e;jj; jpBh; eltbf;if njhlh;ghf Mj;jpukiltJ epahak;. Mdhy; ,e;jf; fl;rpfs; $ba tpjk;> mit jPh;Tf;fhf mwpf;if jahhpj;j tpjk; vy;yhtw;iwAk; ghh;f;Fk; NghJ mg;gb mJ VjhtJ gaDs;s jPh;itj; jUk; vd;w ek;gpf;if ahUf;fhtJ ,Uf;fpwjh?
N[.Mh; fhyj;J rh;tfl;rp khehL Nghy ,JTk; xU ehlfk; vd;w fUj;Nj midthplKk; ,Uf;fpwJ.
,g;NghJ ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; 2\3 ngUk;ghd;ik ,y;yhkYk;> ,e;jpahTld; gifj;Jf; nfhs;shkYk;> I.Nj.fl;rpapd; vjph;g; gpd;wpAk; xU jPh;it Kd; itj;J mjd; %yk; gpur;rpidia jPh;g;gjw;F Kay;tjhf $WtJ Nghy xU "eilKiwr; rhj;jpakhd" eltbf;ifahf [dhjpgjpf;F Ntnwd;d ,Uf;f KbAk;.
jkpo; kf;fspdJ gpur;rp idiaj; jPh;g;gjw;fhf jdJ murpay; ,Ug;Gf;F neUf;fbia Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s [dhjpgjp vd;d Kl;lhsh? my;yJ mth; vd;d jkpo; kf;fs; njhpT nra;j gpujpepjpah?
Mf> mth; nra;jpUg;gJ KOf;f KOf;f eil Kiwr; rhj;jpakhd nray;. 13MtJ jpUj;jr; rl;lj;ij KOikahf eilKiwg;gLj;Jtij ahUk; vjph;f;f KbahJ. tlf;Fk;> fpof;Fk; ,ize;jpUe;j epiyik ,d;W ,y;iy vd;gjhy;> Kw;W KOjhd mjpfhug; gutyhf;FjypYk;> eilKiwg;gLj;JjypYk; rl;lhPjpahd rpf;fy;fs; vof;$Lk;. Mdhy; mJ rl;lj;jpd; gpur;rpidNa xopa [dhjpgjpapd; gpur;rpid my;yNt.
13MtJ jpUj;jr; rl;lj;ij KOikahf eilKiwg;gLj;Jtij ve;jnthU khfhz rigAk; vjph;f;fg; Nghtjpy;iy. Vnddpy; mJ midj;J khfhzq;fSlDk; mjpfhuq;fisg; gfph;e;J nfhs;s top nra;fpwJ. Nky;khfhz Kjyikr;ruhf ,Ue;jNghJ khfhzrigf;F mjpfhuk; NghjhJ vd;W $wpa re;jphpfh> jhd; [dhjpgjp MfpaNghJ> me;j khfhzrigfSld; mjpfhuq;fisg; gfph;e;J nfhs;tjw;F nfhQ;rKk; Kaytpy;iy. Mdhy; ,g;NghJ k`pe;j mjidr;
nky;yj;jkpopdp nky;yj;jkpopdp nky;yj;jkpopdp nky;yj;jkpopdp nky;yj;jkpopdp
nra;ag; Ng nra;thh; v Vndd;why jpUj;jr; rl my;y. tpU vLf;fTk; Vw;nfdNt [dhjpgjp g xd;Wk; Gj
mjhtJ [ nfhs;tjd tpUk;gpa m KbAk;. ,i eilKiwr $baJ Nt rhpahd Kb
Mdhy;> , 20 Mz;L xJf;fg;gl gpur;rpidf re;Njfk; c
me;jf; ft
mth;fs; m
Gypfisf; xd;wiu M Nghl;Ltpl mjw;Fg; g ,Uf;fpwhh; jkpo; kf;fS Rje;jpuj;ij gpur;rpidg vg;gb tU "Gypg;gpur;r ",dg;gpur;r KZKZg tpsq;FfpwJ ,dg;gpur;rp
rh
.

jd; ; vd;W w;w
lh;ghf l;rpfs; ahhpj;j ;gb mJ ;gpf;if
JTk; ;
;ik
;shkYk;> Kd; w;F wr;
;fhf jdJ ;jpf;
J mth;
;gjhy;> k;>
;fy;fs; dNa
mJ sg; z ;F hd; fSld; Q;rKk;
jidr;
nra;ag; Nghtjhf mwptpj;jpUf;fpwhh;. vt;tsT nra;thh; vd;gJ mtuJ tpUg;gj;ijg; nghWj;jJ. Vndd;why; mjpfhug; gfph;T vd;gJ 13MtJ jpUj;jr; rl;lj;jpd;gb jpUg;gpg; ngw Kbahj gfph;T my;y. tpUk;gpaNghJ nfhLf;fTk; jpUg;gp vLf;fTk; kj;jpa muRf;F Kbfpw gfph;Tjhd;. Vw;nfdNt nfhLf;fg;gl;bUe;j gy mjpfhuq;fis [dhjpgjp gpNukjhrh jpUk;gg; gpLq;fpf; nfhz;lJ xd;Wk; Gjpa fijay;y.
mjhtJ [dhjpgjp mjpfhuj;ijg; gfph;e;J nfhs;tjd; %ykhf xU khfhzrigiaj; jhd; tpUk;gpa mstpw;F Rje;jpukhf ,aq;f itf;f KbAk;. ,ijtplr; rpwg;ghfTk; eilKiwr;rhj;jpakhfTk; [dhjpgjpahy; nra;af; $baJ Ntnwd;d ,Uf;f KbAk;. vdNt mth; rhpahd Kbitj;jhd; njhptpj;jpUf;fpwhh;.
Mdhy;> ,dg;gpur;rpidf;F ,J jPh;thf mikAkh? 20 Mz;Lfl;F Kd;Ng mjpfhuk; NghjhJ vd;W xJf;fg;gl;l khfhzrigahy; vg;gb ,e;jg; gpur;rpidf;F mijj; jPh;thf itf;f KbAk; vd;w re;Njfk; cq;fSf;F vOfpwJ my;yth?
me;jf; ftiyia tpLq;fs;. ahh; ,e;j
khfhzrigia vjph;f;fpwhh;fs;? Gypfisj; jtpu kw;w ve;j murpaw; fl;rpAk; khfhzrigj; Njh;jiy mwptpj;jhy; Njh;jypy; ,wq;fj;jhd; KbAk;. mjpYk; muRf;Fg; gpbf;fhjth;fs; ,wq;fpdhy; mth;fisf; fl;LgLj;j ,Uf;fNt ,Uf;fpwJ gps;isahd; jiyikapyhd jkpo; kf;fs; tpLjiyg; Gypfs; ,af;fk;. mth;fs; mijg; ghh;j;Jf; nfhs;thh;fs;.
Gypfisf; Nfhj;jgha ghh;j;Jf; nfhs;thh;. ,d;Dk; xd;wiu Mz;Lfspy;> Gypfs; MAjq;fisf; fPNo Nghl;Ltpl;L murplk; ruzile;J tpLthh;fs;. mjw;Fg; gpwF vd;d? lf;s]; Njthde;jh ,Uf;fpwhh; 13MtJ jpUj;jr; rl;lj;ij Mjhpf;f. jkpo; kf;fSf;F khfhzrig murpd; fPo; Rje;jpuj;ij toq;fp topelhj;j> Vw;w jiyth;. Mf> gpur;rpidg;gLj;j ahUNk ,y;yhjNghJ gpur;rpid vg;gb tUk;? ehd; nrhy;tJ "Gypg;gpur;rpidf;fhd" jPh;Nt md;wp ",dg;gpur;rpdf;fhd" jPh;T my;y vd;W ePq;fs; KZKZg;gJ Nfl;fpwJ. rhpjhd; - vdf;Fk; tpsq;FfpwJ. Mdhy; [dhjpgjpiag; nghWj;jtiu ,dg;gpur;rpid = Gypg;gpur;rpidjhd;!
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
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Page 13
,UgJ tUlq;fSf;F Kd; nra;ag;gl;l ,yq;if ,e;jpa xg;ge;jk; gw;wp ,g;NghJ kPz;Lk; fijfs; mbgLfpd;wd.
[dhjpgjp 13MtJ jpUj;jr; rl;lj;ij mKyhf;F tjhf mwptpj;j gpd;dh; jhd;> kwe;J Nghd ,e;jf; fij ,g;NghJ mbglj; njhlq;FfpwJ.
,yq;if ,e;jpa xg;ge;jj;jpd; fPo; ,yq;if ,dg;gpur;rpidf;fhd jPh;T fhzg;gl;L> khfhz rig tbtpyhd mjpfhug; gutyhf;fk; Kd; nkhopag;gl;L> mijr;rl;lkhf;Fk; 13MtJ jpUj;jr; rl;lKk; nfhz;L tug;gl;lJ.
xg;ge;jk; ifr;rhj;jhd md;W ,e;jpag; gpujkh; uh[Pt; fhe;jp thq;fpa mbAld; Muk;gkhd ,e;jpa muRf;nfjpuhd Kuz;ghL> ,e;jpag;gilia ntspNaWkhW [dhjpgjp gpNukjhr Nfhhp mth;fs; ntspNawpr; nry;Yk;tiu tYthf ,Ue;jJ.
me;jf; frg;ghd mDgtq;fs; fhuzkhf ,yq;if murpaYld; Neubr; rk;ge;jk; VJk; ,d;W ,Ug;gjhf fhl;bf; nfhs;s tpUk;ghj ,e;jpa muR> uh[Pt; fhe;jp nfhiyAld; Kw;whf nksdkhfp tpl;bUe;jJ. Mdhy; ,e;j nksdk;> Nfhgk; nfhz;l ez;gd; xUtd; jdJ ez;gd; gw;wp "me;j eha; vf;NfL nfl;lhYk; rhpjhd;" vd;W $wp xJq;fpr; nfhs;fpw xJf;fk; fhuzkhd nksdk; my;y. jdJ ifia kPwp ,yq;if Nghfg; Nghfpwjh vd;gij cd;dpg;ghf mtjhdpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpw> fhhpahh;j;jkhd nksdk;.
epr;rakhf me;j nksdk; rpy jkpo; murpay;thjpfs; "tha; Nghf;FtJ" Nghy jkpo; kf;fSf;F Mjuthd nksdk; my;y. khwhf jdJ eyDf;Fg; ghjfkhf VjhtJ ele;J tplf; $lhNj vd;fpd;w vr;rhpf;if fye;j kpFe;j [hf;fpuijAld; $ba nksdk;.
mDuhjGug; gLnfhiyfisj; Jhz;btpl;Lj; jpk;Gg; Ngr;Rthh;j;ijf;fhd #oiy cUthf;fpaJ Kjy;> ,yq;if ,dg;gpur;rpid njhlh;ghf jkpo; kf;fs; elhj;jpa Nghuhl;lj;ijj; jhd; tpUk;gpa tpjj;jpy; jpir jpUg;gp elhj;jj; Jhz;baJ kl;Lky;yhky;> ,yq;if ,e;jpa xg;ge;jj;ijf; ifr;rhj;jpl N[.Miu eph;g;ge;jpj;jJ tiu> vy;yhNk ,e;jpa murhq;fk; jdJ eyid - KOf;f KOf;f jdJ eyid - mbg;gilahf itj;Nj nra;jpUe;jJ. ,yq;if ,e;jpa xg;ge;jj;jpd;
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
nky;yj;jkpopdp nky;yj;jkpopdp nky;yj;jkpopdp nky;yj;jkpopdp nky;yj;jkpopdp
eilKiwr; rhj;jpakhd jPh;T
ruj;Jf;fs;> vg;gb ,yq eyDf;F K kf;fspd; Ng vd;gij nj
,ij Muk nrhd;dth;f gyh; gpd;dh nfhz;ldh rkhjhdj;jp jhf;Fjy;fs kf;fspilN ,yq;if , ,izf;fg;g vd;W mz mwptpf;fg;g NghJ ,e;jp vd;gJ ,e;j khf vd;d ,
,yq;if m Nehh;Nt ji jPh;Tf;fhf e Nghh; epWj;j nfhs;sg;gl njhlh;e;Jk
Mdhy; ,d KbTf;Ff; gphpj;jJ> Aj Aj;jepWj;jf jPtpukhf A Uf;fpwJ.
,e;j epfo;T xg;ge;jk; n gioa epiy Nrh;j;jpUf;f fl;Lg;ghl;b NtWghLfs 87Mk; Mz ,yq;ifapd
Mf> ,yq;i ,d;W kPs c nra;ag;gl;l nfhs;s it jpUkiy v

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,yq;if fijfs;
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,ij Muk;gj;jpNyNa ,dq;fz;L nrhd;dth;fisg; ghpfrpf;f> Vd; gLnfhiy nra;j gyh; gpd;dhspy; ,ijj; njspthfg; Ghpe;J nfhz;ldh;. rkhjhdk; fhf;f te;j ,e;jpag;gil rkhjhdj;jpd; ngauhy; jkpo; kf;fs; kPJ elhj;jpa jhf;Fjy;fs; gw;wpa tuyhw;wpd; NehT jkpo; kf;fspilNa ,d;dKk; Mwpg;Ngha; tpltpy;iy. ,yq;if ,e;jpa xg;ge;jj;jpd; gpufhuk; jw;fhypfkhf ,izf;fg;gl;l tlf;F fpof;F> rl;lg+h;tkw;wJ vd;W mz;ikapy; ,yq;if cah; ePjpkd;wj;jhy; mwptpf;fg;gl;L tlf;Ff; fpof;F Jz;lhlg;gl;l NghJ ,e;jpa muRf;F mJ fz;zpy; gltpy;iy vd;gJ ,e;j xg;ge;jj;jpy; ,e;jpaj;jug;gpd; Nehf;f khf vd;d ,Ue;jnjd;gjw;F ey;y cjhuzkhFk;.
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Mdhy; ,d;iwa murhq;fk; ,it midj;ijAk; KbTf;Ff; nfhz;L te;jJ. tlf;Ff; fpof;ifg; gphpj;jJ> Aj;jepWj;j xg;ge;jj;ij fhyhtjpahf;fpaJ. Aj;jepWj;jf; fz;fhzpg;ghsh;fis ntspNaw;wpaJ. jPtpukhf Aj;jj;ij jw;NghJ elhj;jpf; nfhz;b Uf;fpwJ.
,e;j epfo;Tfs; midj;Jk;> ,yq;if ,e;jpa xg;ge;jk; nra;J nfhs;sg;gLtjw;F Kd;gpUe;j gioa epiyia ,g;NghJ nfhz;L te;J Nrh;j;jpUf;fpwJ. GypfspdJk;> murhq;fj;jpdJk; fl;Lg;ghl;bYs;s gpuNjrq;fspd; mstpy; NtWghLfs; ,Ue;jhYk; ,d;iwa epiyahdJ 87Mk; Mz;Lfspw;F Kd;gpUe;j epiyf;F ,yq;ifapd; epiyiaf; nfhz;L te;Js;sJ.
Mf> ,yq;if ,e;jpa xg;ge;jk; cUthd #oy; ,d;W kPs cUthfpAs;sJ. md;W ,e;j xg;ge;jk; nra;ag;gl;l NghJ ,e;jpah ,yq;ifia xg;Gf; nfhs;s itj;j Kf;fpa tplaq;fspy; xd;W jpUkiy vz;nza;f; Fjq;fs; njhlh;ghdJ. ,d;W
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,yq;ifapy; vz;nza; Muha;r;rp mfo;T Ntiyfspy; rPdf; fk;gdpfs;  ,yq;if [dhjpgjp 13MtJ jpUj;jr; rl;lk; gw;wp mwptpj;jpUf;fpwhh;. ,e;jpa murhq;fj;Jld; ey;Ywitg; Ngzp jhd; epidj;jijr; rhjpf;Fk; Nehf;fpyhd xU mwptpg;G ,J vd;Nwh my;yJ> ,e;jpahtpd; neUf;fb %ykhf ,yq;if [dhjpgjp ,g;gb mwptpj;jpUf; fpwhh; vd;Nwh vg;gb Ntz;LkhdhYk; vLj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. vg;gb ,yq;if> ,e;jpa xg;ge;jk;> ,dg;gpur;rpid iaAk; jkpo; kf;fisAk;
GwnkhJf;fp tpl;L ,e;jpa ,yq;if muRfl;fpilapyhd xg;ge;jkhf cUthf;fg;gl;lNjh mt;thNw ,g;NghJ [dhjpgjp Muk;gpj;Js;s ,e;j mwptpg;G ,yq;iff;Fk; ,e;jpahTf;Fk; ,ilapyhd cwT tpUj;jpf;fhf> ,dg; gpur;rpidia xJf;fp tpLfpd;w eltbf;iff; fhd xU Muk;gk; vd;Nw Njhd;WfpwJ.
,yq;if ,e;jpa xg;ge;jKk;> 13MtJ jpUj;jr;rl;lKk; eilKiwf;F te;jNghJ mij vjph;j;J tPjpapy; ,wq;fpg; Nghuhba xUth; [dhjpgjp gjtpf;F te;j gpd;> ,g;NghJ mij xU jPh;thf mwptpf;fpwhh; vd;why; mjw;Ff; fhuzk; mJ ,dg;gpur;rpidiaj; jPh;j;Jtpl khl;lhJ vd;w njspthd ek;gpf;if mtUf;F te;jpUg;gJ kl;Lkhf ,Uf;f KbahJ. my;yJ rh;tNjr r%fj;ijAk;> kf;fisAk; Vkhw;wr; nra;Ak; xU nrayhfTk; nfhs;s KbahJ. khwhf ,yq;if -
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tpil vg;gb ,Ue;jhYk; guthapy;iy. ,e;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; ey;nyz;zk; ,yq;iff;F ,g;NghJ Njitg;gLfpwJ vd;gjhtJ cq;fSf;Fg; GhpAk;. Mdhy; kfpe;jTf;F ,e;jj; Njitia Vw;gLj;jpaJ ahh; vd;w ,lj;jpy;jhNd cq;fSf;F re;Njfk;.
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6060606060tJ Rje;jpujpdf; nfhz;lhl;lj;jpd; NghJ [dhjpgjp ‘kf;fs;’ Kd; epfo;j;jpa ciuapd; rhukhf ntspg;gl;lJ vd;d vd;gij vy;yh Clfq;fSk; nrhy;ypahfp tpl;lJ. ‘Aj;jk;> Aj;jj;ijj; jtpu Ntnwhd;W kpy;i y’ vd;gJ jhd; md;iwa mtuJ ciuapd; rhuk;.
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rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay;
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,g;NghJ cz;ikapy; elg;gnjy;yhk; Aj;jj;jpd; Nguhy; mg;ghtpg; nghJkf;fs; mjpfstpy; ,we;J gLtJjhd;. tlf;fpy; elf;Fk; xt;nthU tpkhdj; jhf;FjYf;Fk; gjpyspg;gJ Nghy tlf;Ff;F ntspNa nghJkf;fs; kPjhd jhf;Fjy;fs; elf;fpd;wd. Gypfs; ,tw;iw chpik Nfhutpy;iy. my;yJ ,tw;Wf;Fk; jkf;Fk; rk;ge;jk; ,y;iy vd;W cj;jpNahfG+Htkhf mwptpg;gJk; ,y;iy. Mdhy; muR Kjy; midj;J Clfq;fSk; ,tw;iwg; GypfNs nra;fpwhHfs; vd;W njhptpf;fpd;wd.
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muRf;F ,d;iwa Njitahf ,Ug;gJ jhd; epahakw;w gaq;futhjpfSld; Nkhjpf; nfhz;bUg;gjhf ntspNa fhl;bf; nfhs;tJ jhd;. vdNt jd;Dila Aj;jk; epahakhdJ vd;gij mjdhy; njhlHe;J nrhy;ypf; nfhz;bUf;f KbAk;. $lNt jhd; [dehaf hPjpapy; nraw;gLtij ep&gpf;f kw;w vy;yhtw;iwAk; Kbe;jsT nra;tjhf mJ mwptpf;fpd;wJ. kl;lf;fsg;G khtl;lj;jpyhd cs;@uhl;rpj; NjHjy; eltbf;if xU mg;gl;lkhd Nfypf;$j;J kl;Lky;y mJ MAj gyj;jpdhy; mjpfhuj;ij vLj;Jf; nfhz;L mjw;F [dehaf Kyhk; G+Rtjw;fhd xU Kaw;rpAk; vd;W vy;NyhUf;Fk; njhpfpwJ. gps;isahd; jiyikapyhd mzpapd; kpul;lYf;Fg; gae;J NjHjypy; mtuJ fl;rp rhu;ghf epw;gjhf njhptpf;Fk; fl;rp Ntl;ghsHfs; cl;gl ahUNk mq;F xU epahakhd NjHjy; elf;Fk; vd;W mq;F ek;gtpy;iy. khtl;l NjHjy; mjpfhupiaAk; Nrh;j;J. MapDk; murhq;fj; jug;G kl;Lk; epahakhd Njh;jy; elf;fg; Nghfpwjhff;$wp tUfpwJ. ,e;jj; NjHjy; Kbe;j ifNahL mLj;jjhf khfhzrigj; NjHjiyAk; elj;jg; Nghtjhf muR mwptpj;jpUf;fpwJ. tpLtpf;fg;gl;l fpof;fpy; ‘[dehafk; epWtg;gl;L tpl;ljhf mwptpf;f ,it Nghjhjh vd;d?
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tpkHrpf;fg;gLfpwJ. MapDk; ,Jgw;wp muRf;F ve;jf; ftiyAk; fpilahJ. eprhe;j cs;spUe;j NghJ Fiwe;j nfhiyfSk; flj;jy;fSk; ,g;NghJ jpUk;g mjpfhpj;;Js;sd. nfhl;l N`dhitr; NrHe;j tP.Rg;gpukzpak; vd;fpw tPuikyd; jpUkz kz;lg chpikahsH nfhy;yg;gl;Ls;shH. ik#H fNg chpikahsH flj;jg;gl;Ls;shH. Jg;ghf;fp Ve;jpa rptpy; cilapy; tUk; nts;isthd; egHfspd; eltbf;iffs; kPz;Lk; mjpfhpj;Js;sd. =gjp #hpauha;r;rpapd; kuzk; kuzkh my;yJ nfhiyah vd;w re;Njfk; mtuJ cwtpdH kj;jpapy; gykhf epyTfpwJ.
nkhj;jj;jpy; KO ehl;bYk; muh[fk;> tlf;F fpof;fpy; ,d xJf;fy; vd;W njhlUk; ,yq;if murpd; eltbf;iffs; ,d;dKk; ehl;by; mij cWjpahf epiyj;J epw;gjw;F ve;j neUf;fbAk; jUtjhf ,y;iy. murhq;fj;ij vjpHf;fpd;w midj;Jf; fl;rpfSk; mjd; nray;fSf;F vjpuhf vijAk; nra;atpy;iy. nra;fpw jpuhzpAk; mtw;Wf;F ,Ug;gjhfj; njhpatpy;iy. ,J [dhjpgjp uh[gf;rtpd; khngUk; ntw;wp. jdJ Trpe;jidf;F' Vw;w tpjj;jpy; vy;yhtw;iwAk; khw;wp mikj;jpUf;fpwhu; mtu.;
,e;j epiyapy; jhd; mz;ikapy; jdpehlhf Rje;jpug; gpufldk; nra;j Nrh;gpahtpd; ‘nfhNrh’ khfhzj;jpd; eltbf;ifia ,yq;if murhq;fk; gykhf vjpHg;gjhf mwptpj;Js;sJ. ,d xLf;fYk; kf;fs; kPJ Fz;Lfisg; nghoptjpYk; NrHgpa ,uhZtj;jpw;Fk; rw;Wk; risf;fhj ,yq;if murhq;fk; nfhNrhthtpd; Rje;jpug; gpufldj;ij Mjhpf;f KbAkh vd;d?
,yq;ifapy; cs;s jkpo; kf;fsJ jdpehl;Lf; Nfhhpf;ifia mjNdhL xg;gpl KbahJ vd;w Mde;jrq;fhp mtHfspd; mwpf;ifia rz;Nl xt;NrtH jdJ jiyg;Gr; nra;jpahf ntspapl;bUf;fpwJ.
NrHgpahtpd; ,d xJf;fYf;F vjpuhfg; Nghuhba nfhNrhth kf;fs; mtHfsplkpUe;J jhk; tpLgl Ntz;Lk; vd;W NghuhbaijNah mjw;F tha;g;ghd I.eh. ghJfhg;G gilfs; mq;F ,Uf;fpw Ntisapy; Rje;jpug; gpufldk; nra;jijNah ahUk; jtwhfr; nrhy;yptpl KbahJ. Mdhy; Gjpa muR me;j ehl;il vt;thW I.eh. gilfs; ntspNawpagpd; jw;fhj;Jf; nfhs;sg; NghfpwJ vd;gJ gyhpd; Kd;Ds;s Nfs;tpahFk;. nfhNrhthTf;F mijg;gw;wpa ftiy ,e;j Rje;jpug; gpufldj;Jld; Muk;gkhfpwJ. I.eh. rkhjhdg; gilNah my;yJ mnkhpf;fh;fspdJk;
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay;
mjd; INuh mjpfhuNkh ,g;Nghijf jhh;rppahy; n Ml;rpahsH nfhs;tjpD KiwapypU mJ xU Rj vj;jid fh njhpAk;.
Mdhy; ,y td;ikahf
nfhNrhNth nra;atpy;i
rhpahd Ki xLf;FKiw Aj;jk; nra vd;W mwpt jhf;Fjy;fi jpzpj;;jiyA Kiwapy; m KbAk;? m Mjhpj;jpUf
nfhNrhNt ,uhZtj;j mq;F gpujk Mjhpj;jpUf my;NgdpaH Rthrpf;f nj nra;jpUf;F
Mf> ,yq;i ntspg;gLj epahakhd m toq;fg;gl Kw;whf mo kl;lf;fsg;G mjpfhuk;’ c Nkw;nfhs;s cUthFtj ,yq;ifia jaq;fg; Ng
kfpe;j rpe;ji Rje;jpukhf mth;fs; M Fjpg;gJjhd vd;W mik
.

mjd; INuhg;gpa rfhf;fspdJk; nfhNrhth kPjhd mjpfhuNkh mw;Wg; Ngha;tpLk; tha;g;G ,g;Nghijf;F Vw;glg; Nghtjpy;iy. gpujkH fhrpk; jhh;rppahy; nra;a Kbe;jnjy;yhk; NrHgpa Ml;rpahsHfsplkpUe;J tpLtpj;Jf; nfhs;tjpD}lhf ,dhPjpahd xLf;F KiwapypUe;jhd tpLjiyiag; ngw;wJ kl;LNk. mJ xU Rje;jpuk; vd;W njhptpf;f ,d;Dk; vj;jid fhyk; nry;Yk; vd;gJ mtHfSf;Fj;jhd; njhpAk;.
Mdhy; ,yq;if muR ,e;j Rje;jpuj;ij td;ikahff; fz;bf;fpwJ!
nfhNrhNth ,e;j mwptpg;ig rhpahd Kiwapy; nra;atpy;iy vd;gJ mjd; thjk;.
rhpahd Kiw vd;why; vd;d? ‘vk;kPJ ,d xLf;FKiw epyTfpwJ’ vd;W njhlHr;rpahf $wp Aj;jk; nra;Ak; epiyf;F js;sg;gl;L tpl;Nlhk; vd;W mwptpj;Js;s jkpo; kf;fs; kPJ njhlHr;rpahf jhf;Fjy;fisAk; mjpfhukw;w jPHit jpzpj;;jiyAk; nra;fpd;w xU ehL vg;gb rhpahd Kiwapy; mwptpj;jpUe;jhy; kl;Lk; Mjhpj;jpUf;f KbAk;? mg;NghJk; ,yq;if murhy; mjid Mjhpj;jpUf;f KbahJ.
nfhNrhNth xU NjHjiy elhj;jp NrHgpa ,uhZtj;jpd; JizAld; xU “gps;isahid” mq;F gpujkhuhf;fpapUe;jhy; ,yq;if mij Mjhpj;jpUf;Fk;. mJ kl;Lky;y nfhNrhNth tho; my;NgdpaHfspd; tho;T [dehaff; fhw;iwr; Rthrpf;f njhlq;fpAs;sJ vd;W mwptpg;Gk; nra;jpUf;Fk;.
Mf> ,yq;if murpd; ,d;iwa epiy njspthf ntspg;gLj;JtJ xd;Wjhd; jkpo; kf;fSf;F epahakhd murpay; chpik ,e;j ehl;by; xUNghJk; toq;fg;glg; Nghtjpy;iy. Aj;jk; cq;fis Kw;whf mopg;gjpy; ntw;wp ngwhtpl;lhy;> kl;lf;fsg;G Nghy mq;NfAk; xU ‘gps;isahd; mjpfhuk;’ cUthFtjw;fhd xU epiyik Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;. mg;gb xU epiyik cUthFtjw;fhf ,yq;if muR KO ,yq;ifiaAk; KOikahf mlkhdk; itf;fTk; jaq;fg; Nghtjpy;iy.
kfpe;j rpe;jidapd; Ml;rpapd; fPo; kf;fs; Rje;jpukhf nra;a VjhtJ ,Uf;fpwJ vd;why; mJ mth;fs; MjuTld; nfhiyapYk; nfhs;isapYk; Fjpg;gJjhd;! murd; vt;top Fbkf;fs; mt;top vd;W mika Ntz;lhkh? kf;fNs jahuhFq;fs;!
uRf;F pUe;j k; ;l ;fpw
hsH ; cilapy; ffs; ;r;rpapd; re;Njfk; J.
f;F q;if ; mij bAk; d;w ;F vjpuhf k;
dJ k; khw;wp
f Rje;jpug; hfhzj;jpd; hf
k; kf;fs;
f dj;ij
;Lf; vd;w ;Nl
huhba ; tpLgl
,Uf;fpw ah ahUk; jpa muR
fpwJ
;j .eh.
pdJk;
.
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18
gjpide;J tUlq;fspd; gpd; kl;lf;fsg;G khefu rig cs;spl;l NkYk; VO gpuNjr rigfSf;fhd cs;@uhl;rp kd;wj; Njh;jy;fis elhj;j Vw;ghL nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. Fwpj;j gpuNjrq;fspd; jw;Nghija epiy njhlHghf Rje;jpu Clf ,af;fj;ijr; NrHe;j gpujpepjpfs; FOnthd;W fz;fhzpg;ig Nkw;nfhz;Ls;sJ. mjd; NghJ mg;gpuNjrj;jpy; ,aq;Fk; murpay; FOf;fs;> rptpy; mikg;Gf;fspd; gpujpepjpfs;> tHj;jf r%fj;jpdH> kjj;jiytHfs;>
Njh;jy; Rje;jpukhdjh?
ghJfhg;Gj; Jiw mjpfhhpfs mur gpujpepjpfs; kw;Wk; ng kf;fisr; re;jpj;J jw;Nghij epiy gw;wp fye;JiuahbaJ 2008 [dthp khjk; 23>24 Mfpa jpfjpfspy; ,f;fye;Jiuahly;fs; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd.
kl;lf;fsg;G khtl;lj;jpy; ngUk;ghd;idahNdhH jkpo kf;fs; MtH. mjw;F mLj;jgbahf K];yPk;fs; fhzg;gLfpd;wdH. ,k;Kiw NjHjyhdJ jkpo; kf;fs; nrwpe;J thOk; gFjpfspy; eilngwTs;sJ. thfiu>
rh

h;jy;
e;jpukhdjh?
fhg;Gj; Jiw mjpfhhpfs;> r gpujpepjpfs; kw;Wk; nghJ isr; re;jpj;J jw;Nghija y gw;wp fye;JiuahbaJ.
[dthp khjk; 23>24 pa jpfjpfspy; ye;Jiuahly;fs; ,lk; ;Ws;sd.
f;fsg;G khtl;lj;jpy; k;ghd;idahNdhH jkpo; s; MtH. mjw;F j;jgbahf K];yPk;fs;
g;gLfpd;wdH. ,k;Kiw jyhdJ jkpo; kf;fs; pe;J thOk; gFjpfspy; ngwTs;sJ. thfiu>
thior;Nrid> Miuak;gjp> fSthQ;rpf;Fb> nts;shntsp> gl;bdg;ghiy kw;Wk; tTzjPT Mfpa gpuNjr rigfSf;Fk; kl;lf;fsg;G khefu rigf;Fk; gpujpepjpfs; njhpT nra;ag;glTs;sdH.
MAjf; FOf;fspd; nraw;ghLfSk; rl;lk; mikjp rPHFiyTk; Rje;jpukhdJk; ePjpahdJkhd cs;Suhl;rp kd;wj; NjHjnyhd;iw fpof;F khfhzj;jpy; elhj;Jtjw;Fg; ghhpa jilahftpUg;gij rptpy; mikg;Gf;fSk;> tHj;jf r%fj;jpdUk;> nghJkf;fSk; xUrpy re;jHg;gq;fspy; murpay; FOf;fSk; ,J njhlHghf vkJ gpujpepjpfsplk; njhptpj;Js;sdH. gpuNjrj;jpd; epiyikfs; gw;wp ngaH Fwpg;gpl;L fUj;J njhptpg;gij ngUk;ghyhNdhH mtHfSila ghJfhg;G fUjp kWj;J tpl;ldh;.
MAjf; FOf;fs; ,j;NjHjy; fsj;jpy; Fjpj;Js;sjd; fhuzkhf Rje;jpukhdJk; ePjpahdJkhd NjHjnyhd;iw vjpHghHf;f Kbahnjdf; fUjpa jkpo; Njrpa $l;likg;Gk; If;fpa Njrpaf; fl;rpAk; mjidg; gfp\;fhpj;Js;sd.
vy;hp.hp.< mikg;gpypUe;J gphpe;J nrd;w fUzhmk;khd; jug;G gpujhd MAjf;FOthf ,aq;Fk; mNj rkak;> mtHfs; TMVP vdg;gLk; jkpo; kf;fs; tpLjiyg; Gypfs; vd;w ngaH nfhz;l gjpT nra;ag;gl;l murpay; fl;rpapy; Nghl;bapLfpd;wdH. ,e;jf; fl;rp Ntl;GkDj; jhf;fy; epiwtila rpy jpdq;fSf;F Kd; NjHjy; Mizahshpdhy; Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ.
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008


Page 19
murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay;
njhg;gpf;fiy cs;spl;l fpof;F khfhzj;jpy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l ,uhZt eltbf;iff;F fUzh mk;khd; jug;G xl;Lg;gilahf epd;W mur ,uhZtj;jpw;F MjuT toq;fpaJ
jw;NghJ kl;lf;fsg;G efuk; mlq;fyhd fpof;F khfhzj;jpy; mtHfspd;
murpay; mYtyfq;fs; epWtg;gl;Ls;sd. efUf;F mg;ghy; ,uhZtj;jpd; MjuTld; Kfhk;fs; rpy mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sjhf Rje;jpu Clf ,af;fg; gpujpepjpfSf;F jfty; fpilj;Js;sJ. jkJ ngaH Fwpg;gpl tpUk;ghj rptpy; mikg;Gf;fSk; nghJkf;fSNk ,j;jfty;fis toq;fpAs;sdH.
,it jtpu EPRLF,PLOT, EPDP Nghd;w FOf;fSk; MAjq;fs; rfpjk; tyk; tUtijf; fhzf;
$bajhf ,Ue;jJ. fUzh mk;khd; jug;igg; Nghd;W ,tHfSk; jq;fs; mYtyfq;fspy; MAjNke egHfis epWj;jpAs;sdH. MAjq;fSld; mtHfs; tPjpfspy; elkhLtij mtjhdpf;f KbAk;.
gpujpepjpfs; FOitr; re;jpj;j TMVP fl;rpapd; Clfg; Ngr;r suhd Mrhj; nksyhdh>
tpLjiyg;Gypfs; mikg;gpd mr;RWj;jy; fhuzkhf jhq;f MAjq;fSld; ,Ug;gjhfj njhptpj;jhH. vdpDk;>Rje;jpukhdJk; ePjpahdJkhd NjHjnyhd;Wf;fhf jkJ MAjq;fis Klf;f eltbf;if vLg;gjhf mf;fl;rpapd; murpay; jiyt gpujPg; kh];uH njhptpj;jhH. ,tH kl;lf;fsg;G khefu rigj; jiytH (efu Kjy;t gjtpf;F Nghl;bapLk; xU Ntl;ghsH MthH.
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008

vJ vg;gpbapUg;gpDk; ,ju murpay; fl;rpfs;> FOf;fs;> rptpy; mikg;Gf;fspd; gpujpepjpfSf;F Rje;jpukhdJk; ePjpahdJkhd NjHjnyhd;W Fwpj;j ek;gpf;if mw;Wg; NghAs;sJ.
TMVP fl;rpAld; If;fpa kf;fs; Rje;jpu $l;likg;G murhq; fk; Ghpe;JzHT xg;ge;j nkhd;wpy; ifnaOj;jpl;l gpd;dH ,e;epiy NkYk; jPtpukhdnjd mtHfs; njhptpf;fpd;whHfs;. Rje;jpukhdJk; ePjpahdJkhd NjHjnyhd;iw elhj;Jtjw;fhf [dhjpgjp cs;spl;l murpd; Nkyhd nghWg;G rpwe;j Kiwapy; epiwNtw;wg;gl Ntz;Lnkd  gLnfhiyfs;> nfhs;isfs; kw;Wk; gyte;jq;fs; njhlHghd gy rk;gtq;fs;
ajhf ,Ue;jJ. fUzh ;khd; jug;igg; Nghd;W HfSk; jq;fs;
tyfq;fspy; MAjNke;jpa fis epWj;jpAs;sdH. jq;fSld; mtHfs; pfspy; elkhLtij
jhdpf;f KbAk;.
pepjpfs; FOitr; re;jpj;j
fl;rpapd; Clfg; Ngr;rh d Mrhj; nksyhdh>
jiyg;Gypfs; mikg;gpd; ;RWj;jy; fhuzkhf jhq;fs; jq;fSld; ,Ug;gjhfj; ptpj;jhH. pDk;>Rje;jpukhdJk; ahdJkhd
jnyhd;Wf;fhf jkJ
jq;fis Klf;f bf;if vLg;gjhf ;fl;rpapd; murpay; jiytH Pg; kh];uH njhptpj;jhH. H kl;lf;fsg;G khefu gj; jiytH (efu Kjy;tH)
pf;F Nghl;bapLk; xU l;ghsH MthH.
19 8


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murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay;
gjpT nra;ag;gLfpd;wd. ,J Fwpj;J ghJfhg;G jug;gpdUk; nghyp]hUk; mrke;jg; Nghf;fpidNa ifahSfpd;wdH. Vd; ,aq;ftpy;iynad;Nw $wyhk;.
tpLjiyg;GypfSf;F vjpuhd gil eltbf;iffspd; NghJ murhq;fj;Jld; epd;w fUzh> gps;isahd; FOf;fs; njhlHe;Jk; murhq;fj;Jld; ,ize;J nraw;gLtijf; fhzyhk;. ghJfhg;Gj; jug;gpdH ,tHfis topelj;jp tUtjhf r%fj; jiytHfs; njhptpj;Js;shHfs;.
jw;NghJ TMVP, gps;isahd; fUzh vd ,UNtW MAjf;FOf;fshf nraw;gLfpd;wdh;. gps;sahd; FOTf;F rpwg;G mjpubg;gilapd; (STF) MjuT fpilf;Fk; mNjNtis> fUzh mzpf;F mur ,uhZtj;jpd; xj;Jiog;Gf; fpilf;fpwJ. vdpDk; ,Jgw;wp TMVPapd; Mrhj; nksyhdh jkJ mikg;gpy; ,t;thwhd xU gpsT ,y;iynadj; njhptpf;fpwhH. NtW jug;gpdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; gLnfhiyfs;> flj;jy;fs; kw;Wk; gyhj;fhuq;fs; njhlHghf jk;kPJ Fw;wQ;rhl;LtJ jw;NghJ rhjhuzkhfptpl;ljhfTk; mtH njhptpj;jhH.
K];yPk; murpay;thjpfspdhy; topelj;jg;gLk; MAjq;FOf;fs; mg;gpuNjrj;jpy; ,aq;Ftjhf rptpy; r%fj;jtHfs; vkJ gpujpepjpfsplk; njhptpj;Js;sdH. vdpDk; ,t;thwhd FOf;fis gfpuq;fkhf MAjq;fSld; fhzKbahJ. =yq;fh K];yPk; fhq;fpu]; kw;Wk;
kfpe;j uh[gf;\ murhq;fj;j mikr;rH gjtp tfpf;Fk; mkPH myp mtHfSk; ,t;thwhd FOf;fSf;Fg; gpd;dhy; ,Ug;gjhf Fw;wk; rhl;lg;gLfpwJ.
rptpy; ghJfhg;Gg; gilazpf;nfd NrHj;Jf; nfhs;sg;gl;l K];yPk; ,isQHfis rk;ge;jg;gl;l mikr;rH jkJ eltbf;iffSf;fhf gad;gLj;Jtjhf> K];yPk; jkpo; rptpy; mikg;Gf;fs; njhptpj;Js;sd. fle;j fhyj;jpy; K];yPk; jkpo; MAjf;FOf;fspilNa Nkhjy;fs; rpy ,lk;ngw;Ws;sik ,jw;fhd cjhuznkd mtHfs; njhptpj;Js;shHfs;.
,lk;ngaHe;jtHfs; vjpH ,lk;ngaHe;jtHfs; vjpH ,lk;ngaHe;jtHfs; vjpH ,lk;ngaHe;jtHfs; vjpH ,lk;ngaHe;jtHfs; vjpH Nehf;Fk; gpur;rpidfs;: Nehf;Fk; gpur;rpidfs;: Nehf;Fk; gpur;rpidfs;: Nehf;Fk; gpur;rpidfs;: Nehf;Fk; gpur;rpidfs;:
kl;lf;fsg;G khtl;lj;jp;y; ,lk;ngaHe;jtHfspd; gpur;rpidfSk; tYg;ngw;Ws;sJ. kl;lf;fsg njhpT mj;jhl;rp cj;jpNahfj;jUk; mur mjpgUkhd mUe;jtehafk mtHfspd; $w;Wg;gb fpuhd kw;Wk; VwhT+Hgw;W NjHjy; njhFjpfspYs;s thf;fspf;fj jFjpAs;s 8000 NgH ,lk;ngaHe;Js;sdH. khtl;lq;fs; KOtjpYk; ,JNghd;W ,lk;ngaHe;jtHfspd; vz;zpf;if 12000 MFk;. ,lk;ngaHe;Js;s ,tHfs; NjHjypy; thf;fspg;gjw;fhd Vw;ghLfs; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sj mtH njhptpf;fpwhH. ,lk;ngaHe;Js;stHfs; njhlHghd rfy jfty;fisAk; Nrfupg;gjw;f gbtk; xd;W jkJ cj;jpNahfj;jHfs; %yk; me;je;j Kfhk;fSf;F
rh

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y; ghJfhg;Gg;
azpf;nfd NrHj;Jf; s;sg;gl;l K];yPk; sQHfis rk;ge;jg;gl;l
kr;rH jkJ bf;iffSf;fhf ;gLj;Jtjhf> K];yPk; ; rptpy; mikg;Gf;fs; ptpj;Js;sd. fle;j j;jpy; K];yPk; jkpo; jf;FOf;fspilNa jy;fs; rpy k;ngw;Ws;sik ,jw;fhd
uznkd mtHfs; ptpj;Js;shHfs;.
;ngaHe;jtHfs; vjpH ;ngaHe;jtHfs; vjpH ;ngaHe;jtHfs; vjpH ;ngaHe;jtHfs; vjpH ;ngaHe;jtHfs; vjpH f;Fk; gpur;rpidfs;: f;Fk; gpur;rpidfs;: f;Fk; gpur;rpidfs;: f;Fk; gpur;rpidfs;: f;Fk; gpur;rpidfs;:
f;fsg;G khtl;lj;jp;y; k;ngaHe;jtHfspd;
;rpidfSk; g;ngw;Ws;sJ. kl;lf;fsg;G pT mj;jhl;rp
pNahfj;jUk; mur pgUkhd mUe;jtehafk; Hfspd; $w;Wg;gb fpuhd; k; VwhT+Hgw;W NjHjy; FjpfspYs;s thf;fspf;fj;
pAs;s 8000 NgH k;ngaHe;Js;sdH.
l;lq;fs; KOtjpYk; Nghd;W k;ngaHe;jtHfspd;
;zpf;if 12000 MFk;. k;ngaHe;Js;s ,tHfs; jypy; thf;fspg;gjw;fhd hLfs; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sjhf H njhptpf;fpwhH. k;ngaHe;Js;stHfs; lHghd rfy
y;fisAk; Nrfupg;gjw;fhd k; xd;W jkJ pNahfj;jHfs; %yk; ;je;j Kfhk;fSf;F
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
toq;fg;gl;Ls;sjhfTk;> Rje;jpukhdJk; ePjpahdJkhd NjHjy; xd;iw elhj;j jd;dhyhd midj;J Kaw;rpfisAk; vLg;gjhfTk; $Wk; njhptj;jhl;rp cj;jpNahfj;jH Nkyjpf jfty; toq;Ftij mt;tsthf tpUk;gtpy;iy. NjHjy; xd;iw elhj;Jtjw;F nghUj;jkhd #oy; mikT kl;lf;fsg;G khtl;lj;jpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wjh? vd vkJ mikg;gpd; gpujpepjpfs; Nfl;lNghJ> murhq;fk; NjHjy; xd;iw elhj;jj; jahuhf ,Uf;ifapy; mjw;fhd eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;StJ jdJ fliknad mtH njhptpj;jhH.
Clfr; nraw;ghL: Clfr; nraw;ghL: Clfr; nraw;ghL: Clfr; nraw;ghL: Clfr; nraw;ghL:
kl;lf;fsg;G khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s ClftpayhsHfs; jw;NghJ mikjpg; Nghf;if filg;gpbj;J tUfpd;wdH. kdpj chpik kPwy;> Nkhrbfs; njhlHgpy; Njly; hPjpahd mwpf;ifaplypy; 

Page 21
murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay;
eilngwtpUf;Fk; NjHjypy; vd;d elf;Fk; vd;gij fz;fhzpg;gJ Kf;fpak; vd;gij murpay; FOf;fSk;
rdr%fj; jiytHfSk; vkJ gpujpepjpfSf;F Rl;bf;fhl;bAs;s mNj Ntis cs;ehl;L ntspehl;L fz;fhzpg;ghsHfSf;Fj; Njitahd ghJfhg;ig muR toq;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gijAk; njhptpj;Js;sdH. fz;fhzpg;G eltbf;iffSf;F mth;fspdJ G+uz xj;Jiog;G fpilf;FnkdTk;
njhptpj;jdH. Fwpg;ghf ,lk;ngaHe;jtHfspd; thf;fspg;G chpik njhlHgh fz;fhzpg;G
Kf;fpakhdnjd;gJ rptpy; r%fj; jiytHfspd; fUj;jh cs;sJ.
fhj;jhd;Fbapy; ngz;fs; tYT+l;ly; kw;Wk; mgptpUj kd;wg; gzpahsuhd ry;kh `d;rhd; vkJ gpujpepjpfspl K];yPk; MAjf; FOf;fs;> jkpo; MAjf; FOf;fs; Nghd
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
. Rje;jpu Rje;jpu Rje;jpu Rje;jpu Rje;jpu Clf Clf Clf Clf Clf ,af;fg; ,af;fg; ,af;fg; ,af;fg; ,af;fg; gpujpe gpujpe gpujpe gpujpe gpujpe gFgFgFgFgF Njh;jy; Njh;jy; Njh;jy; Njh;jy; Njh;jy; fz;fhzpg;G fz;fhzpg;G fz;fhzpg;G fz;fhzpg;G fz;fhzpg;G rhj;jpakpy;iy rhj;jpakpy;iy rhj;jpakpy;iy rhj;jpakpy;iy rhj;jpakpy;iy kl;lf;fsg;G khtl;lj;jpd; td;nray; epiyikfs; cs;Suhl;rp Njh;jiyf; fz;fhzpf;Fk; gzpapypUe;J tpy nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyak; ngg; - 21Mk; jpfjp mwptpj
eilngwTs;s kl;lf;fsg;G khtl;l cs;@u MAjf;FOf;fSk;gq;Fgw;Wtjw;F mDkjpf;fg;gl #o;epiyahdJ mq;F Rje;jpukhdJk; ePjpahdJk rhj;jpakw;wjhf;fpAs;s mNjNtis Rje;jpukhf fz tha;g;igAk; ,y;yhnjhopf;fpwJ vdTk; mJ Rl;b

midj;J ptpj;jdH. Fwpg;ghf
MAjf; k;ngaHe;jtHfspd;
FOf;fisAk; ;fspg;G chpik njhlHghd
epuhAjghzpfshf;f ;fhzpg;G
Ntz;Lnkdj; njhptpj;jhH.
mt;thwpy;yhj gl;rj;jpy; ,e;j MAjf; FOf;fs; gpuNjrj;jpYs;s thf;fhsHfspd; Rje;jpukhd tpUg;gj;jpw;F mr;RWj;jyhf mikAnkdTk; Rl;bf; fhl;bdhH. ,jdpilNa kl;lf;fsg;G khtl;lj;jpy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s kdpj chpik kPwy; njhlHgpy; Kiwahd tprhuizfs; eilngwhik Fwpj;J Vida rptpy; r%fj; jiytHfs; tpuf;jpAld; fhzg;gLfpd;wdH. rl;lk; mikjp Ngzg;gLk; rdehaf #oy; xd;W cUthf;fg;gLk; tiu ,r;rk;gtq;fs; njhlHe;J ;fpakhdnjd;gJ rptpy;
nfhz;Nl ,Uf;Fk;. ,J fj; jiytHfspd; fUj;jhf
Nghd;wnjhU #oiktpDs; ;sJ.
NjHjnyhd;iw elhj;Jtjd; %yk; kf;fSf;F ;jhd;Fbapy; ngz;fs;
mtHfspDila cz;ikahd T+l;ly; kw;Wk; mgptpUj;jp
gpujpepjpfis njhpTnra;Ak; ;wg; gzpahsuhd ry;kh
;rhd; vkJ gpujpepjpfsplk; ;yPk; MAjf; FOf;fs;>
tha;g;G mw;Wg; NghFk; vd;gJ rptpy; mur jiytHfspd; fUj;jhf cs;sJ.
. ; MAjf; FOf;fs; Nghd;w
u u u u u Clf Clf Clf Clf Clf ,af;fg; ,af;fg; ,af;fg; ,af;fg; ,af;fg; gpujpepjpfspd; gpujpepjpfspd; gpujpepjpfspd; gpujpepjpfspd; gpujpepjpfspd; mwpf;ifapypUe;J mwpf;ifapypUe;J mwpf;ifapypUe;J mwpf;ifapypUe;J mwpf;ifapypUe;J ngwg;gl;l ngwg;gl;l ngwg;gl;l ngwg;gl;l ngwg;gl;l gFjpfs; gFjpfs; gFjpfs; gFjpfs; gFjpfs; ,it. ,it. ,it. ,it. ,it. Njh;jy; Njh;jy; Njh;jy; Njh;jy; Njh;jy; fz;fhzpg;G fz;fhzpg;G fz;fhzpg;G fz;fhzpg;G fz;fhzpg;G rhj;jpakpy;iy rhj;jpakpy;iy rhj;jpakpy;iy
rhj;jpakpy;iy rhj;jpakpy;iy pd; td;nray; epiyikfs; fhuzkhf mk; khtl;lj;jpd; ;fhzpf;Fk; gzpapypUe;J tpyfpAs;sjhf khw;Wf; ngg; - 21Mk; jpfjp mwptpj;Js;sJ.
f;fsg;G khtl;l cs;@uhl;rpj; Njh;jy;fspy;
;Wtjw;F mDkjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,e;je; e;jpukhdJk; ePjpahdJkhd Njh;jy; eilngWtij jNtis Rje;jpukhf fz;fhzpg;gpy; 

Page 22
murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay;
mk;ghiw K];ypk;fspd; fhzp t
gioa jpl;lj;jpd; Gjpa jPtpuk
fpof;fp;d; fpof;fp;d; fpof;fp;d; fpof;fp;d; fpof;fp;d; Gjpa Gjpa Gjpa Gjpa Gjpa nfhbAk; nfhbAk; nfhbAk; nfhbAk; nfhbAk; Gjpa Gjpa Gjpa Gjpa Gjpa ,yr;rpidAk; ,yr;rpidAk; ,yr;rpidAk; ,yr;rpidAk; ,yr;rpidAk; mz;ikapy; fpof;F khfhzj;jpw;nfd murhq;fj;jhy; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;s Gjpa nfhbapy;> %d;W tpyq;Ffspd; cUtq;fs; nghwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. mk;ghiw khtl;lj;ijf; Fwpg;gjw;fhf xU rpq;fKk;> jpUNfhzkiyiaf; Fwpg;gjw;fhf xU fOFk;> kl;lf;fsg;igf; Fwpg;gjw;fhf xU kPDk; mjpy; Fwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. kl;lf;fsg;G ePz;l fhykhf> kPd; ghLk; gpuNjrkhf mwpag;gl;l xd;W vd;gjhy; kPd; ,yr;rpid nghwpf;fg;gl;lJ rhpahdNj. Mdhy; jpUNfhzkiy khtl;lj;jpw;F vjw;fhff; fOF njhpT nra;ag;gl;lJ vd;gij tpsq;fpf; nfhs;s Kbatpy;iy. Mdhy; ,ijtpl Nkhrkhd tplak; vd;dntd;why;> K];ypk; kf;fs; ngUk;ghd;ikahf thOk; xU gpuNjrkhd mk;ghiw khtl;lj;jpw;F xU rpq;fsr; rpq;fj;ij ,yr;rpidahf;fpapUg;gJjhd;. ,J kpFe;j mr;r%l;Lfpw xU tplakhFk;. K];ypk; kf;fspd; gpurd;dj;ij fpof;fpypUe;J Kw;whf mfw;wp tpLtJ vd;gJ> gue;j mstpyhd ,dg;gpur;rpid njhlh;ghd tptfhuq;fspy; K];ypk; kf;fs; fzf;nfLf;fg;gl Ntz;bajpy;iy vd;w ,d;iwa ajhh;j;j epiyikf;fhd xU ntspg;gilahd FwpaPL MFk;. cz;ikapy; fpof;F khfhzk;jhd; gpur;rpidf;fhd ve;jnthU jPh;Tf;Fkhd ghPl;rhh;j;j fskhf (testing ground) mika
KbAk;. m rkhjhdKk ey;tho;T N Mdhy; m gilfsJk ,e;jr; r% czh;itN khtl;lj;jp Mf;FtJ khfhzj;i nra;ag;gl Njhd;WfpwJ fPo;> me;jg jPtpuj;jd;i
Vw;nfdNt Vw;nfdNt Vw;nfdNt Vw;nfdNt Vw;nfdNt ,e;j tpla elhj;jg;gl gwpg;G kw;W eltbf;if mk;ghiw eltbf;if NgRfpNwhk K];ypk; k tUk; mur fhuzkhf njhlq;fpAs mr;rj;ijA Vw;gLj;jpA K];ypk;fi
22
rh

K];ypk;fspd; fhzp tptfhuk;: jpl;lj;jpd; Gjpa jPtpuk;
s Gjpa ;fs; ;lj;ijf; kiyiaf;
gf;
fhykhf> d;W
;lJ
s;s khd
; khd rpq;fj;ij e;j pk;
w;whf hd spy;
;j;j FwpaPL
hd; d
ka
KbAk;. mq;Fs;s vy;yhr; r%fq;fSk; mq;F rkhjhdKk;> rkj;JtKk; epyTtjhfTk; jkJ ey;tho;T Ngzg;gLtjhfTk; czu Ntz;Lk;. Mdhy; murhq;fj;jpdJk; mjNdhL ,ize;j gilfsJk; mz;ikf;fhy eltbf;iffs; ,e;jr; r%fq;fspilNa ghJfhg;gpd;ik czh;itNa tsh;j;J tUfpd;wd. mk;ghiw khtl;lj;jpw;F rpq;ff; nfhbia ,yr;rpid Mf;FtJ vd;gJ> Rje;jpuj;jpw;Fg; gpe;jpa fpof;F khfhzj;ijr; rpq;fs kakhf;Fk; Nehf;fj;Jld; nra;ag;gl;l eltbf;iffspd; njhlh;r;rpahfNt Njhd;WfpwJ. kfpe;j uh[gf;\ murhq;fj;jpd; fPo;> me;jg; gioa jpl;lk; Nkhrkhd Gjpa jPtpuj;jd;ikiag; ngw;wpUf;fpd;wJ.
Vw;nfdNt Vw;nfdNt Vw;nfdNt Vw;nfdNt Vw;nfdNt jpl;lkpl;l jpl;lkpl;l jpl;lkpl;l jpl;lkpl;l jpl;lkpl;l rjpapd; rjpapd; rjpapd; rjpapd; rjpapd; njhlh;r;rp njhlh;r;rp njhlh;r;rp njhlh;r;rp njhlh;r;rp ,e;j tplaj;ij ehk; murhq;fj;jpd; rhh;ghf elhj;jg;gl;L tUfpd;w Fwpg;gplj;jf;f fhzpg; gwpg;G kw;Wk; vy;iy tFj;jy; Nghd;w eltbf;iffspd; Clhf K];ypk; kf;fis mk;ghiw khtl;lj;jpy; ,y;yhnjhopf;Fk; eltbf;iffisf; fz;ljd; mbg;gilapNyNa NgRfpNwhk;. nghj;Jtpy; gpuNjrj;jpy; cs;s K];ypk; kf;fs;> mz;ikapy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;L tUk; murhq;f MjuTldhd nraw;jpl;lq;fs; fhuzkhf ghJfhg;gpd;ikia czuj; njhlq;fpAs;sdh;. ,e;jr; nraw; jpl;lq;fs; mr;rj;ijAk;> gjfspg;igAk; kf;fs; kj;jpapy; Vw;gLj;jpAs;sd. nghj;Jtpy; gpuNjrk; 78.11% K];ypk;fisAk;> 19.79% jkpoh;fisAk;> 2.11%
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008


Page 23
murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay;
mk;ghiw khtl;lj;jpw;F rpq;ff; nfhbia mk;ghiw khtl;lj;jpw;F rpq;ff; nfhbia mk;ghiw khtl;lj;jpw;F rpq;ff; nfhbia mk;ghiw khtl;lj;jpw;F rpq;ff; nfhbia mk;ghiw khtl;lj;jpw;F rpq;ff; nfhbia ,yr;rpid Mf;FtJ vd;gJ> ,yr;rpid Mf;FtJ vd;gJ> ,yr;rpid Mf;FtJ vd;gJ> ,yr;rpid Mf;FtJ vd;gJ> ,yr;rpid Mf;FtJ vd;gJ> Rje;jpuj;jpw;Fg; gpe;jpa fpof;F Rje;jpuj;jpw;Fg; gpe;jpa fpof;F Rje;jpuj;jpw;Fg; gpe;jpa fpof;F Rje;jpuj;jpw;Fg; gpe;jpa fpof;F Rje;jpuj;jpw;Fg; gpe;jpa fpof;F khfhzj;ijr; rpq;fs kakhf;Fk; khfhzj;ijr; rpq;fs kakhf;Fk; khfhzj;ijr; rpq;fs kakhf;Fk; khfhzj;ijr; rpq;fs kakhf;Fk; khfhzj;ijr; rpq;fs kakhf;Fk; Nehf;fj;Jld; nra;ag;gl;l Nehf;fj;Jld; nra;ag;gl;l Nehf;fj;Jld; nra;ag;gl;l Nehf;fj;Jld; nra;ag;gl;l Nehf;fj;Jld; nra;ag;gl;l eltbf;iffspd; njhlh;r;rpahfNt eltbf;iffspd; njhlh;r;rpahfNt eltbf;iffspd; njhlh;r;rpahfNt eltbf;iffspd; njhlh;r;rpahfNt eltbf;iffspd; njhlh;r;rpahfNt Njhd;WfpwJ. kfpe;j uh[gf;\ Njhd;WfpwJ. kfpe;j uh[gf;\ Njhd;WfpwJ. kfpe;j uh[gf;\ Njhd;WfpwJ. kfpe;j uh[gf;\ Njhd;WfpwJ. kfpe;j uh[gf;\ murhq;fj;jpd; fPo;> me;jg; gioa jpl;lk; murhq;fj;jpd; fPo;> me;jg; gioa jpl;lk; murhq;fj;jpd; fPo;> me;jg; gioa jpl;lk; murhq;fj;jpd; fPo;> me;jg; gioa jpl;lk; murhq;fj;jpd; fPo;> me;jg; gioa jpl;lk; Nkhrkhd Gjpa jPtpuj;jd;ikiag; Nkhrkhd Gjpa jPtpuj;jd;ikiag; Nkhrkhd Gjpa jPtpuj;jd;ikiag; Nkhrkhd Gjpa jPtpuj;jd;ikiag; Nkhrkhd Gjpa jPtpuj;jd;ikiag; ngw;wpUf;fpd;wJ. ngw;wpUf;fpd;wJ. ngw;wpUf;fpd;wJ. ngw;wpUf;fpd;wJ. ngw;wpUf;fpd;wJ.
rpq;fsth;fisAk; nfhz;l xU gpuNjrkhFk;. fhyk; fhykhf ,e;jr; r%fq;fs; jk;kpilNa RKfkhd cwTld; tho;e;J te;jpUf;fpwd. ,th;fspy; 90% khd kf;fs; tptrhaj;jpy;  yFfy gpuNjrrigj; jiytuhy; ifnahg;gkplg;gl;l fbjk; xd;W> nghJ eph;thf mikr;Rf;F mDg;gg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjd; gpujpfs; [dhjpgjpf;Fk;> njhopyikr;rh; Nkh;tpd; b rpy;thTf;Fk; mDg;gp itf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. me;jf; fbjj;jpy; rh;NthjaGuk;> rpd;d cy;Ny> ghrwpr; Nrid> (nghpa cy;Ny) Mfpa fpuhkNrtfh; gphpTfis yFfy gpuNjr rigAld; ,izf;FkhW Nfhhpf;if tpLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jw;Ff; fhuzkhf> rpq;fs kw;Wk; jkpo; rpWghd;ikapdUf;Fg; ghugl;rkhd tpjj;jpy; ,e;j fpuhk Nritahsh;fs; ele;J nfhs;tjhfr; Rl;bf; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,e;jf; fpuhkNrtfh;
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
gphpTfspy; 4.7% rpq;fs K];ypk;fi ,e;jg; gpuN gFjpAld; ntspg;gil
3. 2005 brk kw;Wk; lNf milahsk tprhuizf murhq;f m nrayhsUf ,e;jf; Nfh kl;Lk; mt ghuk;ghpaj; (rq;;fkd;fe KFJkfht tpfhiu) m
4. nghj;Jt mjpubg;gi fhykhf m te;j Mapu mjpAah; g te;jJ. M Nfhtpy; epy Vg;uy; 2007 epyj;jpw;Fr; xU Mh;g;g
,e;j ehd;F ele;jJ vd %d;W fpuhk Kaw;rp ve njhpatpy;i njhlh;ghd fbjk; xd mDg;gpapU gpuNjrq;fs fhzpfspy; flNyhu gp vy;iyr;rl nraw;ghl;L tUfpd;wdh cj;jpNahfg mf;fbjj;j ntspg;gil njhpah tpl mOj;jq;fs njhpa tU

gphpTfspy; ,dj;Jt tpfpjhrhuk; 91.5% K];ypk;> 4.7% rpq;fsk;> 3.8% jkpo; vd cs;sJ. vdNt K];ypk;fisg; ngUk;ghd;ikahff; nfhz;l ,e;jg; gpuNjrj;ij kpfg; nghpa rpq;fsg; gFjpAld; ,izf;Fk; Nehf;fk; vd;dntd;gJ ntspg;gilahdJ.
3. 2005 brk;ghpy;> ngsj;j tzf;f];jyq;fs; kw;Wk; lNfhghf;fs; ,Uf;Fk; gFjpfis milahsk; fhZk; cj;jpNahfg+h;t tprhuizfs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;ld. mk;ghiw murhq;f mjpguhy; xg;gkplg;gl;L gpuNjr nrayhsUf;F mDg;gg;gl;l fbjk; xd;wpy; ,e;jf; Nfhhpf;if tplg;gl;bUe;jJ. nghj;Jtpypy; kl;Lk; mth;fs; VO ,lq;fisg; ngsj;j ghuk;ghpaj; jyq;fisf; nfhz;l ,lkhf (rq;;fkd;fe;ij> fphpnkl;bahW> nghj;Jtpy; efh;> KFJkfhtpfhiu>  jfuk;nghy;y> nwhl;il tpfhiu) milahsk; fhzg;gl;Ls;sd.
4. nghj;Jtpy; gpuNjrj;jpYs;s tpNrl mjpubg;gil Kfhikr; #oTs;s fhyq; fhykhf mg;gpuNjr kf;fshy; gad;gLj;jg;gl;L te;j Mapuf;fzf;fhd Vf;fh; epyk;> Kjypy; mjpAah; ghJfhg;G tyakhff; fUjg;gl;L te;jJ. Mdhy; mJ ,g;NghJ rh];jpuntsp Nfhtpy; epykhfg; gpufldg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. Vg;uy; 2007,y; nghj;Jtpy; kf;fs; ,e;j epyj;jpw;Fr; nry;Yk; jkJ chpikiaf; Nfhhp xU Mh;g;ghl;l Nghuhl;lj;ij elj;jpdh;.
,e;j ehd;F tplaq;fSf;Fk; ,g;NghJ vd;d ele;jJ vd;gJ rhpahfj; njhpatpy;iy. ,e;j %d;W fpuhkNrtfh; gphpTfisAk; ,izf;Fk; Kaw;rp ve;jstpy; ,Uf;fpwJ vd;gJk; njhpatpy;iy. ghugl;rkhd eltbf;if njhlh;ghd Fw;wr;rhl;il kWjypj;J tphpthd fbjk; xd;iwr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l cj;jpNahf];jh; mDg;gpapUe;jhh;. mf;fbjj;jpy; NtW gpuNjrq;fspy; ,Ue;J rl;ltpNuhjkhf mur fhzpfspy; FbNawpaJld;> murhq;fj;jpd; flNyhu gpuNjr fl;Lg;ghl;L vy;iyr;rl;lq;fis kPwpr; nraw;gLtJld; jkJ nraw;ghl;Lf;F mDkjp jUkhW NfhhpAk; tUfpd;wdh; vd;Wk;> ,jw;Fj; njhptpf;fg;gl;l cj;jpNahfg+h;t kWg;Gj; njhlh;ghfTk; mf;fbjj;jpy; tpghpf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ. ,jd;gpd; ntspg;gilahf vd;d elf;fpd;wJ vd;W njhpah tpl;lhYk;> ,e;j ,izg;Gf;fhd mOj;jq;fs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;L tUtjhfj; njhpa tUfpwJ.
nfhbia nfhbia nfhbia nfhbia nfhbia J>J>J>J>J> f;Ff;Ff;Ff;Ff;F f;Fk; f;Fk; f;Fk; f;Fk; f;Fk; ;l;l;l;l;l hfNt hfNt hfNt hfNt hfNt f;\f;\f;\f;\f;\ a jpl;lk; a jpl;lk; a jpl;lk; a jpl;lk; a jpl;lk;
iag; iag; iag; iag; iag;
rkhFk;. lNa pwd. py;
fisj;
fy
f;Nlah;
dpapd;gb . me;jg;
-
f;fpwJ. ;Fkhd hky; rpy;th jkJ
,Ue;j
Ffy lg;gl;l ;F
; b d. cy;Ny>
> rpq;fs
l;bf;
23 8


Page 24
murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay;
Fbg;guk;giy khw;wpaikf;Fk; tuyhW Fbg;guk;giy khw;wpaikf;Fk; tuyhW Fbg;guk;giy khw;wpaikf;Fk; tuyhW Fbg;guk;giy khw;wpaikf;Fk; tuyhW Fbg;guk;giy khw;wpaikf;Fk; tuyhW
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,e;j epfo;Tfs; K];ypk; kf;fis ngUk;ghd;ik ,df;FO vd;w epiyikapy; ,Ue;J ,y;yhnjhopg;gij Nehf;fkhff; nfhz;bUg;gjhfNt Njhd;Wfpd;wd.
,dj;Jt Nehf;fk; nfhz;l eltbf;iffs; ,dj;Jt Nehf;fk; nfhz;l eltbf;iffs; ,dj;Jt Nehf;fk; nfhz;l eltbf;iffs; ,dj;Jt Nehf;fk; nfhz;l eltbf;iffs; ,dj;Jt Nehf;fk; nfhz;l eltbf;iffs;
nghj;Jtpy; murpay; hPjpahf xU xJq;fpa gFjpahf ,Ue;j NghJk; fpof;fpd; Fbg;guk;gy; kw;Wk; eph;thfg; Nghuhl;lq;fspy; Kf;fpa ,lj;ij tfpf;fpwJ. mk;ghiw khtl;lj;jpd; tpspk;gpy; ngUk;ghd;ik K];ypk; kf;fisf; nfhz;ljhf ,Uf;Fk; ,g;gFjp> fpof;ifr; rpq;fs kakhf;Fk; eltbf;iff;fhd g+id thapyhf cs;sJ. K];ypk; murpay;thjpfs; ,e;jg; gFjpia MSk;fl;rpfshd I.Nj.fTf;Nfh my;yJ =y.R.fTf;Nfh tpl;L tpl;L xJq;fpf; nfhs;fpwhh;fs;. ,J ,uz;L rpq;fsg; gpuNjrq;fSf;F ,ilg;gl;l (ghzk> yFfy) gpuNjrkhfTs;sJ. epyj; njhlh;r;rpaw;w ghzk> yGfy gpuNjrq;fs; xU gpuNur nrayfj;jpd; fPo; nfhz;L tug;gl;ld. mk;ghiw khtl;lk; cUthf;fg;gl;lNghJ mJ ngUkstpyhd
24
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murpay;thjpfSf;F mk;ghiw khtl;lk; xU tpisahl;Lf;fsk; khjphp. mk;ghiw ghuhSkd;w cWg;gpdh; - Kd;dh; kfhtyp mgptpUj;jp mikr;rpd; Jiz mikr;ruhf ,Ue;jth; - kPz;Lk; gjtpf;F te;J jpl;lkply; mKyhf;fy;fs; mikr;ruhdTld; mNj gioa ,izg;G tptfhuj;ij Muk;gpj;J itj;jhh;. ,th;jhd; 2007 Vg;uy; 20Mk; jpfjp nghj;Jtpy; gpuNjr nrayhsiu> rh];jpuntsp mjpubg;gil Kfhikr; #oTs;s Mapuf;fzf;fhd epyj;ijr; rh];jpuntsp NfhapYf;F xJf;Fk;gb tw;GWj;jpf; fbjk; vOjpapUe;jhh;.
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murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay; fUzh fUzh fUzh fUzh fUzh mzpapdh; mzpapdh; mzpapdh; mzpapdh; mzpapdh; ngsj;j ngsj;j ngsj;j ngsj;j ngsj;j Gdpj Gdpj Gdpj Gdpj Gdpj epyj;jpy; epyj;jpy; epyj;jpy; epyj;jpy; epyj;jpy; thOk; thOk; thOk; thOk; thOk; K];ypk;fis K];ypk;fis K];ypk;fis
K];ypk;fis K];ypk;fis n`y n`y n`y n`y n`y cWk cWk cWk cWk cWk ntspNaWkhW ntspNaWkhW ntspNaWkhW ntspNaWkhW ntspNaWkhW kpul;bdh;. kpul;bdh;. kpul;bdh;. kpul;bdh;. kpul;bdh;. ,t;tplj;jpy
fUj;ijj; njhptpf;Fk; tha;g;Gk; fpilf;ftpy;iy. tsg;ghjpg;Gf;fhd eltbf;iffs; mtrpak;jhd; Mdhy;> mtw;iwr; nraw;gLj;Jk;NghJ me;jg; gpuNjr kf;fspd; eyd;fs; Njitfisf; fzf;nfLg;gJk; mg;gpuNjrk; chpa Kiwapy; gad;gLj;jg;gLtij cj;juthjk; nra;tJk; mtrpakhFk;. khwhf ,q;Nf Kw;W KOjhd kWg;G eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.
Ntz;Lk;. 2 cWka kw mzpAk; $ ghuk;ghpaj; fye;Jiuah [hjpf n` ghJfhg;gJ fpsg;gpaJ. gue;j %Ny
,j;jifa ,izg;GfSld; Nrh;e;J gy FwpaPl;L eltbf;iffSk; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wd. ,it ifg;gw;wpa kw;Wk; Nkyhjpf;fk; nrYj;Jk; FwpaPLfshf mq;Nf te;J Nrh;fpd;wd. ngsj;j kjkhdJ mbg;gilapy; mJ xU kjkhfTk;> rkhjhdk; kw;Wk; tpl;Lf; nfhLg;ig; typAj;JtjhfTk; ,Ue;j NghJk;> ,yq;ifapy; mJ mur
ele;jJ. m ngsj;j fy Rw;Wr; #oy ,d;ndhU eltbf;if rk;gpf; uzt mikr;rh; v epiyapy; ,
Nkyhjpf;fj;jpd; ntspg;ghlhfTk; rpy Ntisfspy; mur Mf;fpukpg;ghfTk; rpWghd;ik ,dq;fshy; czug;gLfpd;wJ. epyj;ij ntw;wp nfhs;sy; vd;gJ rpq;fs> ngsj;j kakhf;fypd; ntw;wpahf FwpaPl;L tbtpy; ntspg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. ,e;j mbg;gilapy; Gj;jh; rpiyfis vOg;GtJ vd;gJ rpWghd;ikapdh; nrwpe;J thOk; gpuNjrq;fspy; ,dj;Jt Kuz;ghLfisAk;> rpy re;jh;g;gq;fspy; Neub Nkhjy;fisAk; cUthf;Ffpd;wd.
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kf;fsy;y kf;fsy;y kf;fsy;y kf;fsy;y kf;fsy;y muNr muNr muNr muNr muNr Gj;jh; Gj;jh; Gj;jh; Gj;jh; Gj;jh; rpiyfis rpiyfis rpiyfis rpiyfis rpiyfis epWTfpwJ epWTfpwJ epWTfpwJ epWTfpwJ epWTfpwJ ,af;fj;ij
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murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay;
13MtJ 13MtJ 13MtJ 13MtJ 13MtJ jpUj;jj;ij jpUj;jj;ij jpUj;jj;ij jpUj;jj;ij jpUj;jj;ij Japy; Japy; Japy; Japy; Japy; vOg;Gjy; vOg;Gjy; vOg;Gjy; vOg;Gjy; vOg;Gjy; vD vD vD vD vD kfpe;jtpd; kfpe;jtpd; kfpe;jtpd; kfpe;jtpd; kfpe;jtpd; khah[hyk; khah[hyk; khah[hyk;
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N[.tp.gp Nfl;lijnay;yhk; nra;aj; jahuhfpapUf;Fk; ,t; murhq;fk; APRCia kl;Lk; tpl;L itj;jjw;fhd fhuzk; xd;Wk; Gjpdkhdjy;y. ,uhZt hPjpahd jPh;NthL xU murpay; jPh;itAk; ehk; jahhpj;J tUfpNwhk; vd;w g+r;rhz;bia rh;tNjr r%fj;jpw;Fj; njhlh;e;Jk; fhl;l Ntz;ba eph;g;ge;jj;jpdhNyNa APRC tpl;L itf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ. ,jpNy Fwpg;ghf ,e;jpahitj; jpUg;jpg;gLj;jy; vd;gJ jhd; kfpe;j murhq;fj;jpw;F Kf;fpakhdJ. Vnddpy; mth;fsJ fzpg;gpy; ,e;jpah jkJ murpay; nghjpiag; "NghJkhdJ" vd;W my;yJ toikahd ghzpapy; "tuNtw;fpNwhk;" vd;W gjpyspf;Fkhapd; ,J KOikahd rh;tNjr r%fj;ijAk; jpUg;jpg;gLj;jpaJ NghyhFk;. ,J
njhlh;gpy; rh;tNjr r% nfhs;thh;fs ,e;jpaj; ji vg;gbnad jpl;lj;ijN itj;jhy; m KbTf;F k eLg;gFjpa
26
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epWtdkhd NDTVf;Fg; Ngl;baspj;j kfpe;j uh[Pt;fhe;jpia JhuNehf;f rpe;jidahsh; vd;W Gfo;e;jikAk; (Nrhdpah fhe;jpapd; fhjpy; tpOk; vd;w vjph;ghh;g;gpy;) ,e;jpa mikjpg;gilapdUf;fhfj; jhd; Gjpa ghuhSkd;wj;jpd; mUfhikapy; epidTj; Jhgp xd;iwf; fl;b tUtjhff; $wpaikAk; mNj tPr;rpy; 13MtJ jpUj;jNk mjpfhug; gutyhf;fk; nra;tjw;fhd rpwe;j Kiwik vdf; Fwpg;gpl;likAk; ,d;iwa fhq;fpu]; jiyikapyhd murhq;fj;jpd; tpRthrpahfj; jd;idf; fhl;bf; nfhs;tjw;fhd kfpe;jtpd; Kaw;rpfspd; Xh; mq;fkhfNt ghh;f;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
Nkw;nrhd;d Ngl;bapNyNa jhd; 13MtJ jpUj;jk; rf xd;W (13th amendment plus one) vd;w mbg;gilapy; jPh;Tg; nghjp xd;iw Vw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;Fj; jahh; vd;W xU nra;jpia ntspapl;lhh;. vd;idg; nghWj;jtiuapy; 13MtJ jpUj;jj;jpy; Vw;nfdNt kfpe;j Xh; nghpa "fopg;igr;" nra;J Kbj;J tpl;lhh;. mJjhd; tlf;Ff; fpof;Fg; gphpg;G vDk; fopg;G. jdJ rptg;Gr; rNfhjuh;fisAk;> ngUe; Njrpathjg; Nghf;Ff; nfhz;l tof;FiuQh;fs; kw;Wk; fy;tpapayhsh;fisf; nfhz;L cr;rePjpkd;wj;jpDhL VyNt ,e;jf; ifq;fhpak; epiwNtw;wg;gl;L tpl;lJ. cr;rePjpkd;wj; jPh;g;G vd;gjhy; jd;dhy; vJTk; nra;a KbahJ vd;W ,e;jpahtpd; Kd; ,ayhikf; Nfhyk; g+Zthh; kfpe;j. (cr;rePjpkd;wj; jPh;g;gpw;F Kuz; nra;ahJ kpfTk; ,yFtpy; ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; rhjhuz ngUk;ghd;ikNahL murpayikg;gpd; cWg;Giu 154A (B) ,d; gpufhuk; ,uz;L my;yJ ,uz;bw;F Nkw;gl;l khfhzq;fs; ,izf;fg;glyhk; vd;gJ Ngrg;glf; $lhj tplak;.) 13MtJ jpUj;jj;jpd; KOikahd nraYUthf;fj;jpw;F MjuT jkpouJ "Vf" khw;Wf;FuYf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd [dehaff; fl;rpaplkpUe;Jk; cs;sJ. "kj;jpapy; $l;lhl;rp> khepyj;jpy; Rahl;rp" vd;w ,e;jf; fl;rpapduJ RNyhfk; "kj;jpapy; kfpe;j Ml;rp> khepyj;jpy; vd;dhl;rp" vd;w juf;FiwTf;F cl;gl;lik xU jdpf;fij. khw;Wf; Fuypy; gq;F Nfl;Fk; Vida jkpo;j; jiyikfSk; kfpe;jtpd; jpl;lj;jpw;F vjph;g;Gj; njhptpf;Fk; ty;yikaw;wth;fs;. rz;Nl yPlhpdhy; [dthp 13,y; ntspf; nfhzug;gl;l APRC apd; Xh; ",ufrpa" Mtzj;jpy; tlf;Ff; fpof;fpy; Njh;jy;fs; eilngWk; tiu xU ,ilf;fhy MSehpd; MNyhridrig Vw;ghnlhd;W
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay;
gpNuhpf;fg;g myq;fhpf;F vjph;ghh;j;jp
13MtJ j Kiwahd tifapy;iy 154 (F) (R MSeh; jd vitnadj mjpfhuKi [dhjpgjpa jifik c [dhjpgjp r rPh;Fiye;jp re;jh;g;gj;jpY ,J ve;j e KbahJ. j kj;jpa mu njhlh;gpYk nra;ayhk;. nra;Ak; kh nfhs;ifap jpUj;jj;jpd rk;ge;jg;gl murhq;fj;j ,Uf;Fk;. f gutyhf;fk "Njrpa ghl itj;jparhi epWtdq;fs ghpghydj;j
Nkw; $wpa xd;wpuz;Lj ngw;Wj; ju 1987w;Fg; g Kdrpq;f j tiuTfs;> mwpf;if>) , Kaw;rpf;fg; EhWfs; Nj Nfhbl;Lf; murpay; t myl;bf; n fUj;njhUk epahakhd Nghtjpy;i tz;zk; m mopj;njho Kd;ndLf ;
.

gpNuhpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,e;jr; rigia myq;fhpf;Fk; tha;g;ig khw;Wj; jiyikfs; vjph;ghh;j;jpUg;gh; vd;gjpy; Iakpy;iy.
13MtJ jpUj;j mbg;gilapy; ve;jtpjkhd Kiwahd mjpfhug; gutyhf;fj;ijAk; nra;a tifapy;iy. rpy Qhgfg;gLj;jy;fs;:- cWg;Giu 154 (F) (R) + [dhjpgjpahy; epakpf;fg;gLk; MSeh; jdJ jw;JzpT mjpfhuq;fs; vitnadj; jPh;khdpf;Fk; jw;JzpT. mjpfhuKilath; ,jidg; ghtpj;J MSeh; [dhjpgjpapd; xg;GjNyhL vjidAk;; nra;Ak; jifik cilatuhfpwhh;! cWg;Giu 154 (L): [dhjpgjp rl;l xOq;F xU khfhzj;jpy; rPh;Fiye;jpUg;gjhff; fUJk; ve;jnthU re;jh;g;gj;jpYk; khfhzrigiaf; fiyf;fyhk;. ,J ve;j ePjpkd;wj;jpdhYk; Nfs;tpf;Fl;gLj;j KbahJ. jpUj;jj;jpd; epuy; ,uz;bd; gpufhuk; kj;jpa murhq;fk; ve;jnthU tplak; njhlh;gpYk; Njrpa nfhs;ifAUthf;fk; nra;ayhk;. ,tw;iw khfhzrigfs; Vw;W nra;Ak; khfhz rl;l cUthf;fk; Njrpa nfhs;ifapd; gpufhuk; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. jpUj;jj;jpd; ,izg;G ,uz;bd; gpufhuk; fhzp rk;ge;jg;gl;l tplaq;fs; njhlh;e;J kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; fl;Lg;ghl;bYk; ghpghydj;jpYk; ,Uf;Fk;. fy;tp> Rfhjhuk; Nghd;w mjpfhug; gutyhf;fk; nra;ag;gl;l tplaq;fspy; $l "Njrpa ghlrhiyfs;"> "Nghjdh itj;jparhiyfs;" Nghd;w Kf;fpakhd epWtdq;fs; njhlh;e;Jk; kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; ghpghydj;jpd; fPo; ,Uf;Fk;.
Nkw; $wpait cjhuzq;fNs. ,tw;wpy; xd;wpuz;LjhDk; kfpe;jtpd; "rf xd;W" %yk; ngw;Wj; jug;gLtjw;fhd tha;g;Gf;fs; ,y;iy. 1987w;Fg; gpd;dh; gy re;jh;g;gq;fspy; (kq;fs Kdrpq;f jpl;lg; gpNuuiz> 1995> 1997> 2000 jpl;l tiuTfs;> epGzh; FO> ngUk;ghd;ik mwpf;if>) ,j;jifa gy "rf xd;W"fs; Kaw;rpf;fg;gl;ld. rf xd;iwf; fle;J rf EhWfs; Njitg;gLtjid ,j;jifa Kaw;rpfs; Nfhbl;Lf; fhl;Lfpd;wd. ,jid mwptjw;fhd murpay; tpUg;gk; kfpe;jtplk; ,y;iy. mth; myl;bf; nfhs;Sk; njw;fpd; fUj;njhUkpg;gpw;Fk; ,y;iy. jkpo; kf;fSila epahakhd Nfhhpf;iffs; Vw;fg;glg; Nghtjpy;iy. khwhf mf;Nfhhpf;iffNs vohj tz;zk; mth;fisg; g+z;NlhL mopj;njhopf;Fk; epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lk; njhlh;e;J Kd;ndLf;fg;gLfpwJ. ;
kfpe;j
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rpwe;j Ml;rp gw;wp rpwe;j Ml;rp gw;wp rpwe;j Ml;rp gw;wp rpwe;j Ml;rp gw;wp rpwe;j Ml;rp gw;wp rpe;jpg;Nghk; rpe;jpg;Nghk; rpe;jpg;Nghk; rpe;jpg;Nghk; rpe;jpg;Nghk;
gPw;wh; tpN[#hpa
,e;j g+kpapy; #hpaid Neubahfg; ghh;f;ff; $ba jFjp kdpjh;fSf;F kl;LNk cz;L. kw;w tpyq;Ffspdhy; #hpaid Neubahfg; ghh;f;f KbahJ. kdpjh;fisg; Nghd;w cah; gpwg;G ,e;j g+kpapy; ,y;iy. ,t;thW cah; jFjp ngw;w kdpj FyNk rf gpwg;Gfis Ntl;ilahl KidAk; msTf;F F&u kdk; gilj;jtdhfp tpl;lhd;.
,d;W ekJ ehl;by; ngUk; gpur;rpidahf cs;s Gypfspd; Nkhjy; jtpu rhjhuz kf;fspd; tho; epiyapidg; ghjpf;Fk; flj;jy;fs;> kdpjf; nfhiyfs;> murpay; gopthq;fy;fs;> fg;gk; ngWjy;> Coy;> Nkhrb> ghypay; ty;YwTfs;> J\;gpuNahfq;fs; vd;gd gutyhf ,lk; ngWfpd;wd.
,d;W kdpj tho;f;if vd;gJ kpUfj;jpd; tho;f;ifia tpl Nftykhd epiyf;F khwpAs;sJ. ehl;bd; ghJfhg;G epiyik Nkhrkile;jpUg;gJ ,d;W New;W epfo;e;jJ my;y. gy jrhg;jq;fSf;F Kd;dh; ,Ue;Nj nghJkf;fspd; md;whl tho;f;ifiag; ghjpf;Fk; tifapy; ghJfhg;G epytuq;fs; ,Ue;J tUfpd;wd. gyjug;gl;l murpay; mjpfhu Nkhjy;fspd; fhuzkhf
nghJ kf;f tUfpd;wd 1971> 1983> ,yq;ifa fhuzkhf ghjpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
xU rk;gt rk;gtj;jpd Kd;dh; m ,lk; ngw tpl;lJ. r ,d;ik> r tprhuizf fhuzq;fs ,lk; ngw nra;ag;gl gpNukjhrh fz;Lgpbf ,Ue;j ,u mg;Gwg;gL ghJfhg;G nfhz;l t
[dhjpgjp rhjhuzg; Njitapy rpyhpd; Nt jug;gpduhy
nraw;ghLf ,t;thwhd kf;fSf;F rl;lk; eP kf;fspd; tifapy; r jw;Nghija T[dehafk
rh

gw;wpgw;wpgw;wpgw;wpgw;wp
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ahf cs;s
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nghJ kf;fs; gy mnrfsfhpaq;fisr; re;jpj;J tUfpd;wdh;. 1971> 1983> 1989 Mfpa Mz;Lfspy; ,yq;ifapy; Vw;gl;l murpay; fpsh;r;rpfs; fhuzkhf rptpy; kf;fs; nghpJk; ghjpf;fg;gl;ljid ,q;F Fwpg;gpl;Nlahf Ntz;Lk;.
xU rk;gtk; eilg;ngw;wTld; me;j rk;gtj;jpd; fhuz fhhpaq;fis Muha;tjw;F Kd;dh; mt;thwhd rk;gtq;fs; njhlh;r;rpahf ,lk; ngw;W tpLfpd;wd. ,J toikahfpAk; tpl;lJ. rhpahd ghJfhg;G eilKiwfs; ,d;ik> rhpahd topKiwfisg; gpd;gw;wp tprhuizfis Kd;ndLf;fhik Nghd;w fhuzq;fspdhy; ,t;thwhd njhlh; rk;gtq;fs; ,lk; ngw;W tpLfpd;wd. md;W gLnfhiy nra;ag;gl;l Kd;dhs; [dhjpgjp Mh;. gpNukjhrhtpd; nfhiyf;fhd fhuzq;fs; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gLtjw;F Kd;dh; me;j ,lj;jpy; ,Ue;j ,uj;jf;fiwfs; kw;Wk; ,ju vr;rq;fis mg;Gwg;gLj;jp tpLk; msTf;F vkJ ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; tprhuizg; gphptpdh; ele;Jf; nfhz;l tpjk; kpfTk; ftiyf;FhpaJ.
[dhjpgjp xUthpd; epiyik ,Jntdpy; rhjhuzg; nghJ kf;fspd; epiyik gw;wp $wj; Njitapy;iy. rl;lj;jpidf; ifapnyLj;j xU rpyhpd; Ntiyfs; ,it vd;W mur jug;gpduhy; Fw;wk; rhl;lg;gLfpd;w epiyapy;
,e;j epiyfs; njhlh;e;jhy; kf;fspd; ghJfhg;G vd;gJ mr;RWj;jYf; Fs;shFk; vd;gij typAWj;j Ntz;bAs;sJ.
nfg;gpj;jpnfhy;yht gLnfhiyfs; Fwpj;Jk; re;Njf epiy vohky; ,y;iy. Gypfspd; nraw;ghLfisr; re;jpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,t;thwhd #oypy; tlf;fpd; nghJ kf;fSf;Fk; njw;fpd; nghJ kf;fSf;Fk; rl;lk; ePjpahff; fpilf;Fk; tifapy; ,yq;if kf;fspd; ghJfhg;;G cWjpg;gLj;jg;gLk; tifapy; rpwe;j Ml;rpia Vw;gLj;j jw;Nghija murhq;fk; cz;ikapy; T[dehafkila' Ntz;Lk;.
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vkJ murpaypy; nghJthfj; jPHkhdnkLj;j Yk; nfhs;if khw;wKk; vt;thW ,lk; ngw;wpUf;fpd;wd vd;gJ njhlHgpNyNa vdJ fhpridfisr; RUf;fkhf ,q;F jUfpNwd;.
epiwNtw;Wj;Jiwapd; Rygkhd ,aq;Fiff;F (executive convenience) mbikg;gl;l XH murpayikg;gpd; nray; mKyhf;fk; gy FOf;fSk; Mizf;FOf;fSk; murpayikg;gpy; rpy gy ruj;Jf;fs; KOikahf epiwNtw;wg;gl Ntz;Lkh vd;gJ njhlHgpy; MuhAk;> Kd;Diuf;Fk; Ntbf;if ,q;F jhd; ,lk;ngWfpd;wJ. 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpd; G+uzkhd mKyhf;fk; njhlHghd APRCapd; Kd;nkhopTfs; kfpe;j murhq;fj;jpd; murpay; ehlfj;jpy; muq;Nfw;Wk; cr;rfl;l eifr;Rit. ,jw;F rw;NwDk; risf;fhj tifapy; murpay; mikg;gpd; 17tJ jpUj;jj;ij kPs; ghprPyid nra;a ghuSkd;w FOnthd;Wk; epakpf;fg;gl;l nfhLik. vt;thW jkf;F xt;thj vjpHf;fl;rpapdiu xopj;Njh xJf;fpNah murpay; nra;Ak; ,t;murhq;fk; jkf;Fg; gpbf;fhj murpay; mikg;gpd; ruj;Jf;fisAk; xJf;fpAk; Njitg;gl;lhy; mopj;Jk; tUfpwJ. 17tJ
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
rpwe;j Ml;rp: nry;Yk; top ,Ul;L rpwe;j Ml;rp: nry;Yk; top ,Ul;L rpwe;j Ml;rp: nry;Yk; top ,Ul;L rpwe;j Ml;rp: nry;Yk; top ,Ul;L rpwe;j Ml;rp: nry;Yk; top ,Ul;L
v];. NkhfdRe;juk;
jpUj;jj;ij njhLf;fg;g ePjpkd;wk; njhLj;jy; rpwg;Ghpiki murpay; m rdhjpgjpi Mf;fpaJ.
,j;jifan tpUg;gj;Nj Ml;rpapay mikag;ng gpur;rpidf murpayik Kl;lhs;jd
MfNt m nra;jy;> m GjpanjhU cUthf;fy Ml;rpapay mikAk;.
,J njhlH ghHg;Nghk;. Nkw;ghHit Kd;nkhopT nfhz;l X
Fwpg;gpl;lh kfpe;j to
my;yJ vj fhyj;jpy; m Vw;gLj;jpa murpay; m tpag;Gf;Fh vk;ikj; j

;Yk; top ,Ul;L ;Yk; top ,Ul;L ;Yk; top ,Ul;L ;Yk; top ,Ul;L ;Yk; top ,Ul;L
jpUj;jj;ij eilKiwg;gLj;jhik njhlHgpy; njhLf;fg;gl;l tof;nfhd;wpy; Nkd;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wk; rdhjpgjpf;F vjpuhf tof;Fj; njhLj;jy; mtUf;F toq;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; rpwg;Ghpikia ghjpf;Fk; vdf; $wpaik murpay; mikg;gpd; cUthf;fkhd rdhjpgjpia murpayikg;Gf;F NkyhdtH vd Mf;fpaJ.
,j;jifanjhU rPuope;j> tpUg;gj;NjHtpw;Fl;gl;l XH murpayikg;G Ml;rpapay; (constitutional governance) mikag;ngw;Ws;s XH murpay; rKjhaj;jpy; gpur;rpidfisj; jPHf;Fk; XH cghakhf murpayikg;gpid Nehf;Fjy; Kl;lhs;jdkhdjhf Mfpd;wJ.
MfNt murpayikg;ig kPSUthf;fk; nra;jy;> my;yJ jpUj;Jjy; %ykhf GjpanjhU ,yq;if murpay; rKjhaj;ij cUthf;fyhk; vd;gJ ,d;iwa murpayikg;G Ml;rpapay; fyhrhuj;jpy; XH gfw;fdthfNt mikAk;.
,J njhlHgpy; kw;WnkhU tplaj;ij ghHg;Nghk;. Rje;jpuf; fl;rpapdH kfpe;jtpd; Nkw;ghHitapy; APRCf;F Kd;itj;j Kd;nkhopTfs; khtl;lq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l XH jPh;Tj;jpl;ljpid Kd;itj;jJ.
mjpfhug;gutyhf;fypd; $whf mth;fs; khfhzq;fis epuhfhpj;jpUe;jhHfs;. nrhw;g khjq;fspy; APRCapd; ,ilf;fhy Kd;nkhopTfs; tUtjw;F Kd;dNu 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpd; gpufhuk; xU Kd;nkhopit jhd; Vw;Ngd; vd kfpe;j ,e;jpa njhiyf;fhl;rp xd;wpf;F toq;fpa Ngl;bnahd;wpy; Fwpg;gpl;lhH. ,e;j epiyg;ghL khw;wj;jpw;F kfpe;j toq;Fk; epahag;gLj;jy;fs; vd;d?
my;yJ vj;jifa xU tpsf;fk; ,e;jf; FWfpa fhyj;jpy; mthplj;jpy; XH khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;jpaJ? ,j;jifa Nfs;tpfs; vkJ murpay; muq;fj;jpy; vOg;gg;glhik tpag;Gf;Fhpajy;y vd;whYk; kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; vk;ikj; jiyFdpTf;F cl;gLj;Jfpd;wd.
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khtl;lq;fspd; mbg;gilapyhd jPHTj;jpl;lj;ij Rje;jpuf;fl;rpapdH Kd;itj;jik XH G+r;rhz;b fhl;Lk; eltbf;if vd;gjpy; Iakpy;iy. vd;whYk; Rje;jpuf; fl;rpapdH ve;jsTf;F ek;ikg; gfilf;fha;fshfg; ghtpf;f mDkjpg;ghHfs; vd;gjw;F vy;iyNa ,y;iyah vd;w Nfs;tp vOfpwJ.
xU fl;rpapd; nfhs;iffs; jiyikfs; khWk;NghJ xU tPr;Rf;Fl;gl;L khWtJ Vw;GilaJ tpUk;gj;jf;fJ. mbg;gilfNs khwpdhy; mJ XH fl;rpahFkh? xU fhyj;jpy; khfhz Kiwapyhd jPHTj;jpl;lj;ij KOjhf
30
vjpHj;jtHf mjd; gy;N (1995>1997>20 $wpatHfs epd;w khfh tUjy; vd Rje;jpuf; fl mt;tg;Ngh jf;fitf;F fl;rpfspd; mikAk; N fl;rpapdhpd fl;rpapdhpl njhlHgpy; njhlHgpYk tpthjk; jh epiyj;jpUg mtHfNsh Neuj;jpw;F gy;NtW K vLf;fpd;wd gpur;rpidfS Rw;wpr; Rw;wp tl;lj;jpw;fs kf;fs; J}q tpopj;Jf; n nra;tJ?
ek; fhyj;jpd; Foe;ijfs; ehk; ,J murpay; Afk; KOg; gfYk; KO ,uTk; vy;yh eltbf;iffSk; - cd;DilaJ vk;KilaJ vy;yhKNk murpay; gpur;rpidfs; jhd;
ePq;fs; tpUk;GfpwPh;fNsh ,y;iyNah ckJ caph;f;$W murpay; fle;j fhyk; nfhz;lJ ckJ rUkk; - murpay; gbe;jJ ckJ tpopfs; - murpay; Nehf;Ff; nfhz;lJ
ePq;fs; nrhd;d xt;nthd;Wf;Fk; ghjpg;gpUf;Fk; ePq;fs; nrhy;yhj xt;nthd;Wk; jk;kstpNyNa NgRe; jd;ikad ,uz;L topfspYk; ePq;fs; NgRtJ murpay; jhd;
mlh;e;j fhl;Lf;Fs; ePq;fs; vLj;Jr; nry;yg;gl;lhYk; murpay; g+kpapy;jhd; ePq;fs; mbitf;fpwPh;fs; murpayw;w ftpijfSk; murpay;jhd; ek; jiyf;Fk;Nky; gpufhrpf;Fk; epyh
tp];yht tp];yht tp];yht tp];yht tp];yht ghyj;jpd ghyj;jpd ghyj;jpd ghyj;jpd ghyj;jpd
rh

vjpHj;jtHfs; 1987w;Fg; gpd;dH rk\;bia mjd; gy;NtW tbtq;fspy; Nrhjpj;jtHfs; (1995>1997>2000) kPs xw;iwahl;rp;f;Fs; jPHT vdf; $wpatHfs; (2005)> ,g;NghJ Kd;dh; vjph;j;J epd;w khfhz Ml;rpia Vw;Fk; epiyf;F tUjy; vd;w gy;tifg;gl;l epiyfSf;F Rje;jpuf; fl;rpapdH nfhLf;Fk; tpsf;fk; vd;d? mt;tg;NghJ tUk; jiyikfspd; Ml;rpia jf;fitf;Fk; Kaw;rpfspd; rhuhk;rkhf fl;rpfspd; ,dg;gpur;rpid njhlHghd nfhs;if mikAk; Ntbf;if jdpNa Rje;jpuf; fl;rpapdhpd;ghy; md;wp If;fpa Njrpaf; fl;rpapdhplKk; fhzyhk;. ,dg;gpur;rpid njhlHgpy; kl;Lkd;wp ve;j xU nfhs;if njhlHgpYk; vkJ fl;rpfs; miuNtf;fhl;L tpthjk; jhDk; elhj;Jtjpy;iy. jiyikfs; hYk;
epiyj;jpUg;gjpy;iy. nfhs;iffSk; g;
mtHfNshL khWfpd;wd. jiyikfSk; hHfs;
Neuj;jpw;F Neuk; jkJ Ml;rpapd; fPNoNa Nfs;tp
gy;NtW Kuz;gl;l epiyg;ghLfis vLf;fpd;wd. ,jw;Fs; nfhs;if tFg;G gpur;rpidfSf;fhd jPHT vq;fpUe;J tUk;? Rw;wpr; Rw;wp nrf;FkhLfs; Nghd;W xU ; J
tl;lj;jpw;fs;NsNa ehk; gpuahzk; nra;fpNwhk;. fNs
kf;fs; J}q;fpdhy; tpopj;njo itf;fyhk; hyj;jpy;
tpopj;Jf; nfhz;Nl J}q;fpdhy; vd;djhd; KOjhf
nra;tJ?
aJ
hd;
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,dp fsq;fkw;w Jha gpiwnad;W MNkh my;yJ ,y;iyNah Nfs;tpjhd; mJ [Puzj;ij mJ ghjpf;Fk; murpaYf;F mJ vg;NghJk; Nfs;tpf;F chpaJjhd;
murpay; hPjpahd mh;j;jk; ngWtjw;F eP kdpjdhff; $l ,Uf;fj; Njitapy;iy fr;rhg; nghUl;fs; $lg; NghJk; GNuhl;Bd; Gujk; my;yJ Rj;jpfhpf;fg;glhj vz;nza; NghJk; my;yJ gy khjq;fsha; mjd; tbtk; gw;wp tpthjj;Jf;Fl;gl;l Nki[
tho;th rhth gpur;rpidia tl;l Nki[apdpd;W NgRtjh my;yJ rJu Nki[apdpd;wh vd;W tpthjj;Jf;Fl;gl;l Nki[
mNj rkaj;jpy; kf;fs; kbth; kpUfq;fs; mopAk; tPLfs; vhpAk; tay;fs; twz;L NghFk; epidTf;nfl;lh fhyq;fspypUe;jJNghy;
Fiwe;j murpay; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;Jld;
tp];yhth tp];yhth tp];yhth tp];yhth tp];yhth ]pk;Nghh;];fh ]pk;Nghh;];fh ]pk;Nghh;];fh ]pk;Nghh;];fh ]pk;Nghh;];fh ghyj;jpd; ghyj;jpd; ghyj;jpd; ghyj;jpd; ghyj;jpd; kPJ kPJ kPJ kPJ kPJ kf;fs; kf;fs; kf;fs; kf;fs; kf;fs; ftpijj; ftpijj; ftpijj; ftpijj; ftpijj; njhFg;gpypUe;J njhFg;gpypUe;J njhFg;gpypUe;J njhFg;gpypUe;J njhFg;gpypUe;J
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NtWghLfSf;F mg;ghy; cz;ikfis fhzNtz;baJ Clfq;fspd; nghWg;ghFk;. ,e;j jUzj;jpy; NtWghLfSf;F mg;ghy; cz;ikfis fhz Ntz;ba fl;lhaj;jpy; Clfq;fs; cs;sd. Vnddpy; tuyhw;wpy; ngUk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ngw;wpUf;Fk; gpur;rpid ahd ,dg;gpur;rpidf;F jPh;T fpl;Ltjw; Fk;>,dg;gpur;rpid jPh;f;fkiltjw;Fk; Neub tplaq;fs; Clfq;fSld; rk;ge;jg; gl;Ls;sd.
,yq;if Clfq;fs; ,dg;gpur;rpid njhlh;gpy; nghWg;Gzh;Tld; nraw;gLfpd; wdth? my;yJ FWfpa kdg;ghd;ikAld; nraw;gLfpd;wdth? ,dg;gpur;rpid njhlh;gpy; kdr;rhl;rpAld; nraw;gLk; Clftpayhsh;fspdhy; kl;LNk ,f; Nfs;tpf;F gjpyspf;f KbAk;.
midj;J Clftpayhsh;fSk; rkhjh dj;ijj; njhdpg;nghUshff; nfhs;thh; fshapd; kf;fspd; Aj;j tpUg;ig 75 rjtPjkhff; Fiwj;Jf; nfhs;s KbAk;. mjD}lhf Ml;rpahsh;fspd; Aj;jk; njhlh;ghd gpj;J epiyf;Fk; rthy; tpLf;f KbAk;. Kjypy; Clfq;fs; jd;dplk; ,Uf;Fk; me;j rhjf epiyiag; Ghpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
Clfq;fspd; nghWg;G Clfq;fspd; nghWg;G Clfq;fspd; nghWg;G Clfq;fspd; nghWg;G Clfq;fspd; nghWg;G
rkhjhdk rkhjhdk rkhjhdk rkhjhdk rkhjhdk gpur;rhut gpur;rhut gpur;rhut gpur;rhut gpur;rhut
ctpe;J ctpe;J ctpe;J ctpe;J ctpe;J F F F F F ,dg;gpur;rpid ,dg;gpur;rpid ,dg;gpur;rpid ,dg;gpur;rpid ,dg;gpur;rpid Clfk; mt KbahjsT Aj;jj;Jld gpize;J f Ngr;Rf;F n njhpAkh> #l;Lf;F K ,iuahtJ vd;W. Aj;j Vw;gl;lTl mzp jpul nfhiyfs;> rl;ljpl;lq;f nfhs;sTk Clfq;fis
Nkhjy; M murhq;fk; gad;gLj;j ciufis fijfisf tpLfpd;wJ. typAWj;Jk gpurhuq;fis njhlh;ghd czh;tpid nra;Ak; K Nghjidfs
tpLjiyf;F murhq;fk; tifapy; j Cfj;jpd; m Mj;jpu%l;L mjd; gpd;d Nehf;fq;fS tha;g;G Fw
,t;tplak; kj;jpapYk;> thjtpthjq $l;Lg;gLn Uthz;lht gpuhe;jpa C Fw;wr;nray fhl;lg;gl;L gw;wpa Ghpe

rkhjhdk; njhlh;ghd gpur;rhuKk; rkhjhdk; njhlh;ghd gpur;rhuKk; rkhjhdk; njhlh;ghd gpur;rhuKk; rkhjhdk; njhlh;ghd gpur;rhuKk; rkhjhdk; njhlh;ghd gpur;rhuKk; gpur;rhuthjkhfpd;wJ gpur;rhuthjkhfpd;wJ gpur;rhuthjkhfpd;wJ gpur;rhuthjkhfpd;wJ gpur;rhuthjkhfpd;wJ
ctpe;J FUFy#hpa ctpe;J FUFy#hpa ctpe;J FUFy#hpa ctpe;J FUFy#hpa ctpe;J FUFy#hpa
Clfk; mtp;o;f;f KbahjsTf;F Aj;jj;Jld; gpd;dpg; gpize;J fplf;fpd;wJ. Ngr;Rf;F nrhy;thh;fs; njhpAkh> Kjy; Jg;ghf;fp #l;Lf;F Kjy; ,iuahtJ Clfq;fs; vd;W. Aj;jk; Vw;gl;lTld; kf;fis mzp jpul;lTk;> nfhiyfs;> rl;ljpl;lq;fs; vd;gdtw;iw kiwj;Jf; nfhs;sTk; vjph;j;jug;G jkf;F Vw;w tpjj;jpy; Clfq;fis topg;gLj;j Kaw;rpf;fpd;wJ.
Nkhjy; Muk;gpg;gjw;F Kd;dh; Aj;jthj murhq;fk; jkJ mur Clfq;fisg; gad;gLj;jp gopthq;Fk; czh;Tldhd ciufis epfo;j;jp> khWgl;l tuyhw;Wf; fijfisf; $wp td;Kiwfisg; gug;gp tpLfpd;wJ. mNjNghd;W If;fpaj;ij typAWj;Jk; jiyikfs; gw;wp ghhpa gpurhuq;fisAk; Kd;ndLf;fpd;wJ. vjphp njhlh;ghd mr;rTzh;itAk;> gopthq;Fk; czh;tpidAk; Vw;gLj;jp tpLfpd;wJ. nfhiy nra;Ak; Kiwfs; Fwpj;J kiwKfkhd NghjidfspYk;  Clf rpe;jdhthjpfs; kj;jpapYk; thjtpthjq;fs; eilngWfpd;wd. $l;Lg;gLnfhiyfs; gw;wp> Fwpg;ghf Uthz;lhtpy; kw;Wk; Nghy;f;fd; gpuNjq;fspy; gpuhe;jpa Clfq;fspd; elj;ijfspdhy; ngUk; Fw;wr;nray;fs; ,lk; ngw;wik Fwpj;J Rl;bf; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sd. Clftpayhsh;fSf;F ,it gw;wpa Ghpe;Jzh;T ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. mjd;
is hFk;. ;ghy; j;jpy; w;wpy; pid tjw; Neub e;jg;
pid fpd; Ald; pid ;gLk; ,f;
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31 8


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gpizf;fg;gl;Ls;sjhapd;. rkhjhdk; gw;wp nraw;gl mtw;Wf;F tha;g;Gfs; cz;lh vd;gJ gw;wp ehk; Nehf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,J cz;ikapy; gjpyspf;f fbdkhd> NghJkhdsT Ma;Tfs; nra;ag;glhj> Clftpayhsh;fs; kj;jpapy; ngUk; fUj;J Kuz;ghLfis Vw;gLj;jpAs;s gpur;rpidahFk;. ;fy;l;^d;;' Nghd;w Kuz;ghl;L jPh;T njhlh;ghd epGzh;fs; jhd; Trkhjhd Clftpayhsh;fs;' vd;w tplaj;ij Kd;itj;Js;sdh;. vdpDk;> Trkhjhd nra;jpahf;fq;fs;' vd;w tplak; RahjPd fz;fhzpg;ghsh; vd;w epiyf;Fk; Fiwthd epiy vd;w gpur;rpidNa epyTfpd;wJ. vdpDk; ey;y Nehf;fj;jpw;fhfNtDk; Clfq;fis mt;thwhd epiyf;Fl;gLj;Jjy; mbg;gil njhopy; jh;kj;jpid kPWk; nrayhFk;. rkhjhdk; gw;wpa gpurhuk; vd;gJk; ,dthjk; Nghd;W gpurhuthjkhFk;.
mjdhy; ,tw;iw kpf Mokhf Nahrpj;Jg; ghh;j;J Nkhjy; jtph;g;G Clftpay; vd;w ngaUk; #l;lg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,J gw;wpa epGzj;Jtk; nfhz;ltuhd TNuh]; `thl;' vd;gth; ,t;thwhd fUj;J xd;wpid Kd;itf;fpd;whh;. TClftpayhsh;fs; Nkhjy; Fiwg;G vd;w tplaj;jpid jkJ flikahff; nfhs;tjpy;iy. mth;fs; rhpahd kw;Wk; gf;fr;rhh;gw;w nra;jpapid ntspapLtjpNyNa ftdk; nfhz;L nraw;gLfpd;wdh;. mNjNghd;W. rpwe;j nra;jpahf;fq;fspdhy; Nkhjy; jtph;g;Gfs; ,lk;ngWfpd;wd vd;gJk; cz;ikahFk;'. ,J Kd;ida $w;Wfis tpl Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ngWfpd;w mNjNtis njhopy;rhh; nfhs;iffSld; nghUe;jpAk; tpLfpd;wJ.
kUj;Jt tpQ;Qhdk;> rq;fPjk; Nghd;w tplaq;fs; Fwpj;J ,Uf;Fk; Ghpe;Jzh;tpidg; Nghd;W Ik;gjhz;LfSf;F Nkyhf
,uh[je;jph tpQ;Qhdpf gw;wpa jPh;f mgptpUj;j Nfhl;ghLf Clftpay Clftpay nra;jpahf;f ntspg;gLj epyTk; re;j jfty;fis jFjpfs; m vd;d? Nk gw;wp Clf mtrpakhF ntspg;gLj Aj;jj;jpy; k kf;fSf;F jPh;j;Jf; nf Clftpay tplaq;fsh $l rpwe;j fhhpakhFk rpwe;j Cl ngWfpd;wJ
gaq;futhj gaq;futhj gaq;futhj gaq;futhj gaq;futhj cghyp cghyp cghyp cghyp cghyp nj nj nj nj nj jiyth; jiyth; jiyth; jiyth; jiyth; - - - - - ,q;F ,dg ,Ug;gjhf fUjtpy;iy ,dg;gpur;r ,Uf;fpd;wj Gypfspd; g kl;LNk c kf;fsplk; ,Ug;gjhf fUjtpy;iy mt;thwhd ,Uf;Fkha ,dj;jth;fs Ntz;Lk;. jtpu ,yq rpq;fs> jk Nkhjy;fs; Nghuhl;lk; Nghuhl;lk; nfhOk;gpy
rh

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;jpAs;s uz;ghl;L jhd
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;tpidg;
,uh[je;jphpfs;> Ngr;Rthh;j;ijahsh;fs;> r%f tpQ;Qhdpfs; Nkhjy;fis Ma;T nra;J mJ gw;wpa jPh;f;fkhd Ghpe;Jzh;T epiyfis mgptpUj;jp nra;Js;sdh;. vdpDk; Nkhjy; Nfhl;ghLfs; gw;wpa tpsf;f epiy Clftpayhsh;fspy; kpfr; rpyUf;Nf cz;L. gy Clftpayhsh;fs; Nkhjy; gw;wpa nra;jpahf;fq;fis xU rk;gtkhfNt ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;wdh;. td;Kiw Nkhjy;fs; epyTk; re;jh;g;gq;fspy; kf;fSf;F ek;gfkhd jfty;fis ntspapl Nkyjpf Clftpay; jFjpfs; mtrpakhFk;. Nkhjy;fSf;F fhuzk; vd;d? Nkhjy; vt;thW epiwT ngWk;> vd;gd gw;wp Clftpayhsh;fs; mwpe;jpUg;gJ mtrpakhFk;. ,e;jj; jfty;fis ntspg;gLj;JtjpD}lhf td;Kiw kw;Wk; Aj;jj;jpy; kiwe;jpUf;Fk; Nkhjy;fs; gw;wp kf;fSf;F ed;F mwpTWj;Jjw;Fk;> mtw;iw jPh;j;Jf; nfhs;s cjtp nra;tJk; Clftpayhsh;fspdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sf; $ba tplaq;fshFk;. ey;y #oy; epyTk; NghJk; $l rpwe;j Clftpay; vd;gJ fbdkhd fhhpakhFk;. ,t;thwhd Nkhrkhd #oypy; rpwe;j Clftpay; kpfTk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ngWfpd;wJ.
gaq;futhjg; gaq;futhjg; gaq;futhjg; gaq;futhjg; gaq;futhjg; gpur;rpidNa gpur;rpidNa gpur;rpidNa gpur;rpidNa gpur;rpidNa cs;sJ cs;sJ cs;sJ cs;sJ cs;sJ cghyp cghyp cghyp cghyp cghyp njd;df;Nfhd; njd;df;Nfhd; njd;df;Nfhd; njd;df;Nfhd; njd;df;Nfhd; jiyth; jiyth; jiyth; jiyth; jiyth; - - - - - ,yq;if ,yq;if ,yq;if ,yq;if ,yq;if gj;jphpifahrphpah; gj;jphpifahrphpah; gj;jphpifahrphpah; gj;jphpifahrphpah; gj;jphpifahrphpah; rq;fk; rq;fk; rq;fk; rq;fk; rq;fk; ,q;F ,dg;gpur;rpid ,Ug;gjhf ehd; fUjtpy;iy. ,dg;gpur;rpid ,Uf;fpd;wjhapd; mJ Gypfspd; gFjpfspy; kl;LNk cz;L. rpq;fs kf;fsplk; ,dg;gpur;rpid ,Ug;gjhf ehd; fUjtpy;iy. Vnddpy; mt;thwhd gpur;rpid ,Uf;Fkhap;d;> ,e;j ,U ,dj;jth;fs; kj;jpapy; Nkhjy;fs; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. tlf;fpy; Gypfspd; gpuNjrq;fis jtpu ,yq;ifapd; Vida gpuNjrq;fspy; rpq;fs> jkpo;> K];ypk; kf;fs; kj;jpapy; Nkhjy;fs; ,y;iy. mth;fs; kj;jpapy; Nghuhl;lk; vd;gJk; ,y;iy. mt;thwhd Nghuhl;lk; ,Ue;jhy; ,d;W %tpd kf;fSk; nfhOk;gpy; xd;whf trpf;f KbahJ. ,d;W
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fhypKfj;jply; g+q;fhtpy; jkpoh; xUth; jkpo; ghl;Lg; Nghl;Lf; nfhz;L eldkhl KbAk;. ,t;thwhd epiyik ,dg;gpur;rpid ,y;yhj fhuzj;jpdhNyNa Vw;gl;Ls;sJ.
vdpDk; Gypfs; ,Uf;Fk; tlgFjpfspy; ,dg;gpur;rpid ,Uf;fpd;wJ. mJ jkpo; kf;fspdhy; my;y. Gypfspdhy; Vw;gl;lJ. me;jg; gpuNjrq;fSf;F rpq;fs kw;Wk; ,ju ,d kf;fspdhy; nry;y KbahJ. ,tw;iwj; jtpu ,dg;gpur;rpid ,Ug;gjhf ehd; fUjtpy;iy. ,q;F gaq;futhjg; gpur;rpidNa cs;sJ.
,jd;gb gaq;futhjk; njhlh;gpy; Clfq;fSf;F nghWg;G epiy ,Ug;gjhfNt ehd; fUJfpd;Nwd;. gaq;futhjk; ,Uf;Fk; ehl;by; mjid xU Njrpa Kf;fpaj;Jtk; kpf;f gpur;rpidahff; fUjp kpff; ftdkhf Clfq;fs; nraw;gl Ntz;Lk;.
cz;ikahdJk; rhpahdJkhd jfty;fis thrfh;fSf;F ehk; toq;f Ntz;Lk;. vdpDk; Njrpag; gpur;rpidapy; rpy tplaq;fs; njhlh;gpy; vk;khy; rhpahd jfty;fis toq;f KbahJ. cjhuzkhf vkJ ghJfhg;Gg; gilapdh; njhlh;ghd ,ufrpa jfty;fs;> mth;fspd; Nghh;j; jpl;lq;fs;> mth;fs; NghhpLk; MAjq;fspd; tpguq;fs; cl;gl rpy tplaq;fis ntspg;gLj;j KbahJ. thrfh;fis Vkhw;wTk;> mth;fSf;F jtwhd tpguq;fis toq;Ftjw;fhff; $wg;gLk; fijfs; my;y mit. thrfh;fSf;F rhpahd jfty;fis toq;Fk; NghNj mj;jfty;fs; gaq;futhjpfspd; iffSf;F nry;yf; $lhj tifapy; Clfq;fs; nraw;gl Ntz;Lk;.
gpur;rpid xd;wpUf;Fk; NghJ mjid jPtpug;gLj;Jk; tifapy; nraw;glhky; ,Ug;gNj Clfq;fspd; nghWg;ghFk;. Kjypy;
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
gpur;rpid gpur;rpid gpur;rpid gpur;rpid gpur;rpid nfhs;s N nfhs;s N nfhs;s N nfhs;s N nfhs;s N
rdj; ghy rdj; ghy rdj; ghy rdj; ghy rdj; ghy jiyth;- jiyth;- jiyth;- jiyth;- jiyth;- gj;jphpif gj;jphpif gj;jphpif gj;jphpif gj;jphpif
gpur;rpidi Ghpe;J nfh Ntz;Lk;. gpur;rpidi gue;Jg;gl;l Nehf;fq;fS ghh;f;f Nt Clftpay xU rpyh; ,dg;gpur;r ,y;iy vd $WtJk; gpur;rpidf;F Kjypy; C tptfhuq;fs Ntz;Lk;. tpsf;fq;fi mg;gpur;rpi nraw;glf; nra;jpahf;f gpur;rpidi epiyg;ghl;b mjw;fhd n Clftpay
rpy Clft nraw;gLt mjdhy; A Clftpay
mNjNghd mur fl;Lg thOk; rpt khzth;fs Fwpj;j cz ,y;iy.
jdpg;gl;l ehl;by; ve rptpypad;fs mDkjpg;g gFjpapYk; gLnfhiyf fz;bf;fpd;N

gpur;rpid ,Ug;gjid tpsq;fpf; gpur;rpid ,Ug;gjid tpsq;fpf; gpur;rpid ,Ug;gjid tpsq;fpf; gpur;rpid ,Ug;gjid tpsq;fpf; gpur;rpid ,Ug;gjid tpsq;fpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk nfhs;s Ntz;Lk nfhs;s Ntz;Lk nfhs;s Ntz;Lk nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;
rdj; ghy#hpa rdj; ghy#hpa rdj; ghy#hpa rdj; ghy#hpa rdj; ghy#hpa jiyth;- ,yq;if ciof;Fk; jiyth;- ,yq;if ciof;Fk; jiyth;- ,yq;if ciof;Fk; jiyth;- ,yq;if ciof;Fk; jiyth;- ,yq;if ciof;Fk; gj;jphpifahsh;fs; rq;fk; gj;jphpifahsh;fs; rq;fk; gj;jphpifahsh;fs; rq;fk; gj;jphpifahsh;fs; rq;fk; gj;jphpifahsh;fs; rq;fk;
gpur;rpidiag; Ghpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,e;jg; gpur;rpidia gue;Jg;gl;l Nehf;fq;fSld; ghh;f;f Ntz;ba Clftpayhsh;fspy; xU rpyh; ,dg;gpur;rpid ,y;iy vd;W $WtJk; gpur;rpidf;FhpajhFk;. Kjypy; Clftpayhsh; vd;why; elg;G tptfhuq;fs; gw;wpa njsptpidf; nfhz;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;. mjd; gpd;dh; gpur;rpidiag; gw;wpa tpsf;fq;fisg; ngw Ntz;Lk;. mjd; gpd;dh; mg;gpur;rpidia tsh;f;Fk; msTf;F ehk; nraw;glf; $lhJ. cz;ikj; jfty;fis nra;jpahf;fk; nra;Ak; mNjNtis gpur;rpidiaj; jPh;f;f jhd; cjTfpd;Nwhk; vd;w epiyg;ghl;bid ehk; nfhz;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;. mjw;fhd nghWg;Gk;> tha;g;Gk; Clftpayhsh;fSf;F cz;L.
rpy Clftpayhsh;fs; Aj;j kdepiyapy; nraw;gLtJk; ngUk; gpur;rpidahFk;. mjdhy; Aj;jj;jpid tuNtw;Fk; jd;ikAk; Clftpayhsh;fsplk; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
mNjNghd;W jkJ fz;fSf;F Gyg;glhj mur fl;Lg;ghl;L gpuNjrq;fSf;F mg;ghy; thOk; rptpy; kf;fspdJk;> ghlrhiy khzth;fspdJk; ftiyf;fplkhd epiyikfs; Fwpj;j czh;T epiy Clftpayhsh;fsplk; ,y;iy.
jdpg;gl;l hPjpapy; ehk; vLj;Jf; nfhz;lhy;> ehl;by; ve;jg; gFjpapYk; ,lk;ngWk; rptpypad;fs; gLnfhiyfis ehk; mDkjpg;gjpy;iy. mNjNghy; ve;j gFjpapYk; ,lk;ngWk; ghlrhiy khzth;fs; gLnfhiyfis ehk; td;ikahff; fz;bf;fpd;Nwhk;. mJ gw;wp ehk; czh;r;rp
h; jkpo; bAk;. ,y;yhj
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,dg;gpur;r ,dg;gpur;r ,dg;gpur;r ,dg;gpur;r ,dg;gpur;r nfhz;ljh nfhz;ljh nfhz;ljh nfhz;ljh nfhz;ljh
trg;gLfpd;Nwhk;. Mdhy; tlf;fpy; epfOk; khzth;fs; gLnfhiy gw;wp vkJ Clftpayhsh;fs; mf;fiw fhl;Ltjpy;iy. ehk; $Wfpd;Nwhk; rfy gLnfhiyfs; njhlh;gpYk; Clftpayhsh;fs; czh;T epiyfisf; nfhz;lth;fshf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
vkJ ehL vkJ ,dk; vd;w epiyg;ghl;bid Clftpayhsh;fs; vLf;ff; $lhJ. murpd; vjphp Gypfs; vd;W fUjpdhYk; me;jj; jug;gpy; ,Uf;Fk; kf;fs; gw;wp ehk; Nahrpf;f Ntz;Lk;.
,t;thwhd czh;T epiyapd;wp nra;jpahf;fq;fs; nra;tJ kf;fis jtwhf top elj;Jtjw;F rkdhFk;. Clftpayhsh;fs; Mokhf rpe;jpj;J ,g;gpur;rpidis mwpf;ifapl Ntz;Lk;.
cjhuzkhf Gypfs; khtPuh; jpdj;ij mDl;bf;fpd;wdh;. ve;jnthU Aj;jj;jpYk; kuzpf;Fk; NghuhspfSf;nfd jpdk; xd;wpid xJf;fp mth;fis mDl;bg;gJ toikahFk;. mJ tlf;fpw;Fk; njw;fpw;Fk; nghJthd tplak;. ehd; jdpg;gl;l hPjpapy; mq;F nrd;W khtPuh; jpd mDl;bg;G epfo;Tfisg; ghh;j;jpUf;fp;;d;Nwd;. Mdhy; njw;fpy; khtPuh; jpdk; fisapoe;J kf;fs; gq;Fgw;wy; ,y;yhky; epfo;Tfs; ele;jjhf nra;jpfs; tUk;. cz;ikapy; GypfSf;fhf ,we;jth;fspd; ngw;Nwhh;fSf;Fk; cwtpdh;fSf;Fk; fz;zPh; vd;gNj ,y;iyah vd;Nw ,q;F Nfl;fj; Njhd;Wfpd;wJ.
mjdhy; ,g;gpur;rpid Fwpj;J czh;T g+h;tkhfTk;> cz;ik epytuj;ij ntspg;gLj;jf; $bajhfTk; nra;jpahf;fq;fis Nkw;nfhs;tNj vg;nghOJk; mtrpakhFk;.
[hntl; [hntl; [hntl; [hntl; [hntl; K K K K K cg cg cg cg cg nray nray nray nray nray kPbah kPbah kPbah kPbah kPbah Ng Ng Ng Ng Ng Clf epWtdq;fs ,g;gpur;rpi Njrpag; gpur;rpida Kbahky; ,yq;ifapy epWtdq;fs thrfh;fis ,dg;gpur;rpi Kjd;ikg; nra;jpfis vOJfpd;wd Njrpag; gpu fUJfpd;wd thrfh;fis vjidAk;
cjhuzkhf nra;jpfs; r ntspahfpd ,t;thwhd ntspahtj mt;thNw. Kf;fpaj;Jk kf;fs; kj;j czh;tpid fUjtpy;iy
cz;ikia nghWg;ghF vd;gNj v ek;gpf;ifi tsh;f;f C
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,dg;gpur;rpid ,dg;gpur;rpid ,dg;gpur;rpid ,dg;gpur;rpid ,dg;gpur;rpid Njrpa Njrpa Njrpa Njrpa Njrpa Kf;fpaj;Jtk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhz;ljhff; nfhz;ljhff; nfhz;ljhff; nfhz;ljhff; nfhz;ljhff; fUjg;gltpy;iy fUjg;gltpy;iy fUjg;gltpy;iy fUjg;gltpy;iy fUjg;gltpy;iy pfOk;
y;iy. ;
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[hntl; [hntl; [hntl; [hntl; [hntl; Kdt;th; Kdt;th; Kdt;th; Kdt;th; Kdt;th; cg cg cg cg cg nrayhsh;- nrayhsh;- nrayhsh;- nrayhsh;- nrayhsh;- =yq;fh =yq;fh =yq;fh =yq;fh =yq;fh K];ypk; K];ypk; K];ypk; K];ypk; K];ypk; kPbah kPbah kPbah kPbah kPbah Nghuk; Nghuk; Nghuk; Nghuk; Nghuk;
Clf epWtdq;fspdhy; ,g;gpur;rpidia Njrpag; gpur;rpidahff; fUj Kbahky; cs;sJ. ,yq;ifapy; Clf epWtdq;fs;. thrfh;fisAk;. ,dg;gpur;rpidiaAk; Kjd;ikg;gLj;jpNa nra;jpfis vOJfpd;wd. vdpDk; ,dg;gpur;rpidia Njrpag; gpur;rpidahf Clfq;fs; fUJfpd;wdth vd;gJ rpf;fyhFk;. mth;fs; thrfh;fis tiuaWg;gjid tpl NtW vjidAk; nra;tjpy;iy.
cjhuzkhf ghyk;> tbfhy;fs; cile;Js;s nra;jpfs; rpq;fsg; gj;jphpiffspy; ntspahfpd;wd. Mdhy; tlf;F fpof;fpd; ,t;thwhdg; gpur;rpidfs; gj;jphpiffspy; ntspahtjpy;iy. jkpo; gj;jphpiffSk; mt;thNw. rpq;fs kf;fspd; gpur;rpidfSf;F Kf;fpaj;Jk; toq;FtJ ,y;iy. mjhtJ kf;fs; kj;jpapy; rftho;tpid Vw;gLj;jf; $ba czh;tpid Njrpag; gpur;rpidahff; fUjtpy;iy.
cz;ikia ciug;gNj Clfq;fspd; nghWg;ghFk;. mJ rhpahf eilngWtjpy;iy vd;gNj vd; fUj;jhFk;. kf;fs; kj;jpapy; ek;gpf;ifiaf; fl;bnaOg;g> kdpjhgpkhdj;ij tsh;f;f Clfq;fs; nraw;gl Ntz;Lk;.
cjhuzkhf Njrpaj; njhiyf;fhl;rpahd &ghthfpdpapy; jkpo; kf;fs; njhlh;ghd tplaq;fs; I miythpirapy; xspgug;ghfpd;wd. mt;thwhd NghJ rpq;fs kf;fs; xU NghJk; ,e;j njhiyf;fhl;rp Nritiag; ghh;f;f khl;lhh;fs;.
gj;jphpiffisg; ghUq;fs; xt;nthU mikr;R nra;jpfis Nrfhpf;fntdTk;
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Clftpayhsh;fs; epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;sdh;. vdpDk; jkpo; kf;fs;> fpof;F K];ypk; kf;fs;> Njhl;lg;gFjp kf;fs; gw;wpa nra;jpfis mth;fspd; gpur;rpidfis nra;jpahf;fk; nra;a Clftpayhsh;fs; gpuj;jpNafkhf epakpf;fg;gl;Ls;sduh? ,J Kf;fpa gpur;rpidahFk;. ,dg;gpur;rpidia Njrpag; gpur;rpidahf Clfq;fs; fUjhikNa ,jw;F fhuzkhFk;.
murhq;fj;ij ghJfhg;gJ Njrg;gw;wy;y murhq;fj;ij ghJfhg;gJ Njrg;gw;wy;y murhq;fj;ij ghJfhg;gJ Njrg;gw;wy;y murhq;fj;ij ghJfhg;gJ Njrg;gw;wy;y murhq;fj;ij ghJfhg;gJ Njrg;gw;wy;y
nla;yp kpuh; gj;jphpifahrphpia nla;yp kpuh; gj;jphpifahrphpia nla;yp kpuh; gj;jphpifahrphpia nla;yp kpuh; gj;jphpifahrphpia nla;yp kpuh; gj;jphpifahrphpia rk;gpf;fh ypadhur;rp rk;gpf;fh ypadhur;rp rk;gpf;fh ypadhur;rp rk;gpf;fh ypadhur;rp rk;gpf;fh ypadhur;rp
cs;sij cs;sgbNa nra;jpahf;fk; nra;tNj ,j;jUzj;jpy; Clftpayhsh;fspdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sf; $ba rpwe;j gzpahFk;. njspthd tiuglj;ijf; fhl;LtjidNa vk;khy; nra;a KbAk;. mjid tpsq;fpf; nfhs;tJ kf;fspd; nghWg;ghFk;.
Aj;j #oypy; gy fl;Lg;ghLfis Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s Ntz;ba fl;lhak; Clftpayhsh;fSf;F Vw;gLfpd;wJ. me;j tiuaiw my;yJ Rje;jpuk; vJ vd;gjid tpsq;fpf; nfhs;SjNy Kf;fpakhFk;. mjhtJ ehl;bd; ghJfhg;G vd;gJ murhq;fj;jpd ghJfhg;G my;y vd;gjid Clftpayhsh;fs; Ghpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. Clftpayhsh;fSk; ehl;bd; gpui[fs; vd;w tifapy; ehl;bd;
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
eyDf;fhf gilapdhp tifapy; C $Wk; mur jtWfis eltbf;if mtjhdpf;f epiyikah Clftpay rpwe;j cjh fz;Lgpbf;f mjid C ntspg;gl;l Clfq;fS tpLf;fg;gl epiyapy; , nra;jpahf;f fhhpakhfT murhq;fj;i ehk; Ghpe;J fz;fspdhy ePjpahdjy mwpe;Jf; n vg;nghOJ Ntz;Lk; mJ ngUk
,dq;fis ,dq;fis ,dq;fis ,dq;fis ,dq;fis vd;. vk; vd;. vk; vd;. vk; vd;. vk; vd;. vk; jiytH jiytH jiytH jiytH jiytH = yq;fh = yq;fh = yq;fh = yq;fh = yq;fh
vkJ jha; epiyf;Fs;s nfhz;bUf vd;W $wpd gpioahfhJ jPia mi Clfq;fS nghWg;Gs Clfq;fs; nghWg;GlD Nehf;FlD nraw;gLt mtrpakhF
%d;W jrh gpur;rpid vd;Wkpy;y ,e;j epiy fhuzkhf NkYk; gph xd;WgLtj

eyDf;fhf nraw;gl Ntz;bAs;sJ. ,q;F gilapdhpd; kNdhgyj;ij Fiyf;fhj tifapy; Clfq;fs; nraw;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;W $Wk; murhq;fk;> mjidg; gad;gLj;jp jkJ jtWfis kiwj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; eltbf;ifiaAk; Nkw;nfhs;fpd;wjid mtjhdpf;ff; $bajhfTs;sJ. ,J Nkhrkhd epiyikahFk;. ,jid czh;e;J nraw;gLtJ Clftpayhsh;fspd; nghWg;ghFk;. ,jw;F rpwe;j cjhuzkhf nfg;gpj;jpnfhy;yhtapy; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;l rlyq;fisf; $wyhk;. mjid Clfq;fs; kiwf;Fk; jd;ikNa ntspg;gl;lJ. mjw;Ff; fhuzk; Clfq;fSf;F kiwKfkhfTk;. NeubahfTk; tpLf;fg;gl;l mOj;j epiyahFk;. ,e;j epiyapy; ,d;W ,dg;gpur;rpid gw;wp nra;jpahf;fk; nra;tJ vd;gJ fbdkhd fhhpakhfTs;sJ. Njrg;gw;W vd;gJ murhq;fj;ijg; ghJfhg;gJ my;y vd;gjid ehk; Ghpe;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. murhq;fj;jpd; fz;fspdhy; Aj;jj;jpidg; ghh;g;gJ ePjpahdjy;y. kf;fSf;Fs;s cz;ikia mwpe;Jf; nfhs;sTs;s chpikia kjpj;Nj vg;nghOJk; Clftpayhsh;fs; nraw;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;gNj vdJ fUj;jhFk;. ,d;W mJ ngUk; rthyhFk;.
,dq;fis xd;W gLj;j Ntz;Lk; ,dq;fis xd;W gLj;j Ntz;Lk; ,dq;fis xd;W gLj;j Ntz;Lk; ,dq;fis xd;W gLj;j Ntz;Lk; ,dq;fis xd;W gLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;. vk; mkPd; vd;. vk; mkPd; vd;. vk; mkPd; vd;. vk; mkPd; vd;. vk; mkPd; jiytH jiytH jiytH jiytH jiytH = yq;fh K];yPk; kPbah Nghuk; = yq;fh K];yPk; kPbah Nghuk; = yq;fh K];yPk; kPbah Nghuk; = yq;fh K];yPk; kPbah Nghuk; = yq;fh K];yPk; kPbah Nghuk;
vkJ jha; ehL ,d;W kpf neUf;fb epiyf;Fs;shfpAs;sJ. ehL vhpe;J nfhz;bUf;fpwJ vd;W $wpdhy; $l gpioahfhJ. ,e;jj; jPia mizg;gjpy; Clfq;fSf;F ghhpa nghWg;Gs;sJ. Clfq;fs; nghWg;GlDk; J}u Nehf;FlDk; nraw;gLtJ kpf mtrpakhFk;.
%d;W jrhg;jq;fshf ePbj;J tUk; ,dg; gpur;rpid fhuzkhf ,dq;fs; kj;jpapy; vd;Wkpy;yhjsTf;F re;Njfk; cUthfpAs;sJ. ,e;j epiyia cUthf;Ftjpy; Clfq;fSk; fhuzkhf ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,dq;fis NkYk; NkYk; gphpg;gjw;F Jiz NghfhJ ,dq;fs; xd;WgLtjw;F Clfq;fs; nraw;gl Ntz;Lk;.
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fhuzkhf ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,dq;fis NkYk; NkYk; gphpg;gjw;F Jiz NghfhJ ,dq;fs; xd;WgLtjw;F Clfq;fs; nraw;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,d;W ehl;by; gpufldg;gLj;jhj Aj;jk; xd;W eilngw;Wf;nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. ,e;j Aj;jk; njhlHghf cz;ikia kf;fSf;F nrhy;y Kaw;rpf;f Ntz;Lk;.
ehk; ,yq;ifaH vd;w vz;zk; ,e;ehl;L kf;fs; kj;jpapy; ,Ue;J J}ukhf;fg;gLfpd;w xU epiyia ehk; ,d;W vjph; Nehf;Ffpd;Nwhk;. Xt;nthU jpdKk; jk; ,dj;ij Kjd;ikg;gLj;jp rpe;jpf;f Kw;gLk; mty epiyik Ntfkhf cUthfp tUfpwJ.
(ehk; vy;NyhUk; ,yq;ifaH vd;w vz;zj;ij fl;b vOg;Gtjw;F Clfq;fs; nraw;gl Ntz;Lk;. Clfq;fspd; epfo;r;rp epuypy; ,jw;F Kd;Dhpik mspf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. mt;thW nraw;glj; jtwpdhy; ,dq;fSf;fpilNa NkYk; NkYk; re;Njfq;fs; tsHtJ jtpf;f Kbahjjhfp tpLk;. . ehl;by; Nkhjy;fSk; gpzf;FfSk; mjpfhpf;Fk; KOehLk; rPHFiye;J vkJ vjpHfhy re;jjpapdUf;F ehL xd;W ,y;yhj epiy cUthFk;. Xd;Wgl;lhy; cz;Ltho;T vd;gjw;fpzq;f gphpe;Jk; gpsTgl;LKs;s rpq;fs jkpo; K];yPk; ,dq;fis xd;WgLj;Jtjw;F Clfq;fs; Kd;Dhpik mspf;f Ntz;Lk;.
mk;gyg;gLj;jy; Kf;fpak; mk;gyg;gLj;jy; Kf;fpak; mk;gyg;gLj;jy; Kf;fpak; mk;gyg;gLj;jy; Kf;fpak; mk;gyg;gLj;jy; Kf;fpak; Mh;.ghujp Mh;.ghujp Mh;.ghujp Mh;.ghujp Mh;.ghujp nrayhsh; nrayhsh; nrayhsh; nrayhsh; nrayhsh; ,yq;ifj; jkpo; Clftpayhsh; xd;wpak;. ,yq;ifj; jkpo; Clftpayhsh; xd;wpak;. ,yq;ifj; jkpo; Clftpayhsh; xd;wpak;. ,yq;ifj; jkpo; Clftpayhsh; xd;wpak;. ,yq;ifj; jkpo; Clftpayhsh; xd;wpak;.
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nghWg;Gz nghWg;Gz nghWg;Gz nghWg;Gz nghWg;Gz t.Njtuh t.Njtuh[ t.Njtuh t.Njtuh[ t.Njtuh gpujk ng gpujk ng gpujk ng gpujk ng gpujk ng (tPuNfru (tPuNfru (tPuNfru (tPuNfru (tPuNfru nkl;Nuh e nkl;Nuh e nkl;Nuh e nkl;Nuh e nkl;Nuh e
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,yq;ifapy; %d;W nkhopfspYk; mr;R Clfq;fSk; ,yj;jpudpay; Clfq;fSk; nraw;gl;L tUfpd;wd. ,it xt;nthd;WNk xt;nthU tpjkhd mOj;jq;fis vjph;nfhz;Ls;sd. murhq;fj;jpd; mOj;jq;fs; xUGwk; mur MjuTldhd ,uhZtj; Jizf;FOf;fspd; mOj;jq;fs; kWGwk; Clfq;fspd; Rje;jpukhd nraw;ghl;Lf;Fj; jilahfNt ,Uf;fpd;wd.
Clf Rje;jpuj;Jf;Fj; jilahftpUf;Fk; ,e;j tplaq;fs; njhlh;ghfTk; Clfq;fNs mk;gyg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. mr;RWj;jy;fSf;Fs; nraw;gLk; NghJ kf;fSf;Fj; Njitahd nra;jpfisNah jfty;fisNah ntspf;nfhz;Ltu Kbahj epiy fhzg;gLk;. Mjdhy;> Clf Rje;jpuj;Jf;F mr;RWj;jyhftpUf;Fk; mk;rq;fis ntspg;gLj;JtJk; Clfq;fSk; gq;fspg;gjhfNt ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
nghWg;Gzh;T mtrpak; nghWg;Gzh;T mtrpak; nghWg;Gzh;T mtrpak; nghWg;Gzh;T mtrpak; nghWg;Gzh;T mtrpak; t.Njtuh[; t.Njtuh[; t.Njtuh[; t.Njtuh[; t.Njtuh[; gpujk nghWg;ghrpupau; gpujk nghWg;ghrpupau; gpujk nghWg;ghrpupau; gpujk nghWg;ghrpupau; gpujk nghWg;ghrpupau; (tPuNfrup thuntspaPL> kpj;jpud; thukyu;> (tPuNfrup thuntspaPL> kpj;jpud; thukyu;> (tPuNfrup thuntspaPL> kpj;jpud; thukyu;> (tPuNfrup thuntspaPL> kpj;jpud; thukyu;> (tPuNfrup thuntspaPL> kpj;jpud; thukyu;> nkl;Nuh epA+];> [Pdpa];) nkl;Nuh epA+];> [Pdpa];) nkl;Nuh epA+];> [Pdpa];) nkl;Nuh epA+];> [Pdpa];) nkl;Nuh epA+];> [Pdpa];)
Clfj;Jiw jHkk; ,d;iwa epiyapyhtJ filg;gpbf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
,d tptfhuk; njhlu;ghfTk; mjd; jPu;T Fwpj;Jk; ,yq;ifapy; ve;j xU ClfkhtJ ,ja Rj;jpAld; nraw;gLtjhf ,y;iy.
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,d tptfhuj;jpy; Clfq;fs; Clfj;ju;kj;Jf;F khwhf khWgl;l nfhs;iffisf; filgpbj;J tUfpd;wd.
ehl;ilg; gw;wpNah> kf;fisg; gw;wpNah> ,d xw;Wikiag; gw;wpNah rpe;jpf;fhJ ,d> nkhop uPjpahd czu;TfSf;Fs; Clfj;Jiw mkpo;e;J Ngha;f; fplf;fpd;wJ.
,jdhy; ,dq;fSf; fpilapyhd Kuz;ghLfs; nkd;NkYk; $u;ikaila toptFg;gJld; ,dq;fSf; fpilapyhd gu];gu ey;YwNth> ek;gpf;ifNah fl;bnaOg;gg;gLtjw;Fg; gjpyhf ,dq;fSf;fpilapyhd ek;gpf;ifaPdq;fs; mjpfupj;Jr; nry;tJ khj;jpuky;y ,dq;fs; xd;wpidtjw;fhd re;ju;g;gj;ij Kw;WKOjhfr; rpjwbg;gjhf Clfj;Jiwapd; nraw;ghLfs; mike;Js;sd.
,j;jifa Nghf;fhdJ ehl;ilAk;> kf;fisAk; gLFopapy; js;Stjw;F cjtpaJ khj;jpuky;y FWfpa murpay; ,yhgk; nfhz;Nlhu; ,yFthf ehlhSkd;wf; fjpiufspy; mku;tjw;Fk; Clfj;Jiw fhuzkhf mike;Js;sJ.
me;jtifapy; Clfj;Jiwf;F ,d;W ghupa gpuahr;rpj;jk; Njl Ntz;ba epiy cs;sJ. ehl;bdJk; kf;fspdJk; eyd;fUjp ,dtptfhuk; Fwpj;Jk; mjd; jPu;T Fwpj;Jk; Clfj;Jiw nghJ Ntiyj;jpl;lj;jpd; fPo;
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
nghWg;Gld ,y;iyNay KbahJ N
Fuyw;wth; Fuyw;wth;f Fuyw;wth; Fuyw;wth;f Fuyw;wth;f vd;.tpky vd;.tpky vd;.tpky vd;.tpky vd;.tpky mf;fiug mf;fiug mf;fiug mf;fiug mf;fiug
,d;iwa e nrayhw;Wt vjph;Nehf;F mit eph;g Ml;rpapypU ifapy; it RahjPdj;jpw xU tplak mgpg;gpuha tpUk;Gtjh itj;jpUg;N mgpg;gpuha fUj;Jf;fs Kwpabf;Fk kl;Lky;yh rpj;jphpf;Fk;
,e;jr; #o kpff;fbdk Clftpay cz;ikf;F mt;tsTf gad; tpis mjpfhuj;jpd Fuyhf mt r%fj;jpd; ey;nyz;z
mjpfhuj;jpd vd;gJ xU mJ tuyh ,Ue;J te fUj;j nts mNjNghy Rje;jpuj;Nj Vy;yhtif ,e;j fUj;J mw;Wg;Ngh Vw;gLk; Ng Rje;jpuq;fS tifapy; mbg;girl Rje;jpuj;jpw NghuhLtJ
.

;kj;Jf;F lgpbj;J
; Sf; pf;ifNah
;fs; q;fs; KOjhfr; hLfs;
;fisAk; ;jpuky;y ,yFthf k; .
ghupa ;sJ.
pj;Jk; ; fPo;
37 8
nghWg;Gld; nraw;gl Kd;tu Ntz;Lk;. ,y;iyNay; ehl;ilAk; kf;fisAk; fhg;ghw;w KbahJ Ngha;tpLk;.
Fuyw;wth;fspd; Fuyw;wth;fspd; Fuyw;wth;fspd; Fuyw;wth;fspd; Fuyw;wth;fspd; Fuyhjy;Ntz;Lk;! Fuyhjy;Ntz;Lk;! Fuyhjy;Ntz;Lk;! Fuyhjy;Ntz;Lk;! Fuyhjy;Ntz;Lk;! vd;.tpkyjhrd; vd;.tpkyjhrd; vd;.tpkyjhrd; vd;.tpkyjhrd; vd;.tpkyjhrd; mf;fiug;gw;W. mf;fiug;gw;W. mf;fiug;gw;W. mf;fiug;gw;W. mf;fiug;gw;W. ,d;iwa epiyapy; Clfq;fs; RahjPdkhfr; nrayhw;Wtjpy; gy;NtW neUf;fbfis vjph;Nehf;Ffpd;wd. ,dhPjpahfr; nraw;gLkhW mit eph;g;ge;jj;jpw;Fs;shfpd;wd. Ml;rpapypUg;NghUk; mjpfhuj;ijj; jq;fs; ifapy; itj;jpUg;NghUk; Clfq;fspd; RahjPdj;jpw;F ,lkspg;gjhf ,y;iy. mj;NjhL xU tplak; Fwpj;j gy;tifg;gl;l mgpg;gpuhaq;fs; ntsptUtij mth;fs; tpUk;GtjhfTk; ,y;iy. mjpfhuj;ijf; ifapy; itj;jpUg;Nghh; jq;fSf;F khw;whd xU mgpg;gpuhak; ntspahfpdTld; mjid fUj;Jf;fshy; md;wp MAj KidapNyNa Kwpabf;Fk; Nghf;Fk; fhzg;gLfpwJ. mJ kl;Lky;yhky; mth;fis Njrj;JNuhfpfshf rpj;jphpf;Fk; Nghf;Fk; tsh;e;J tUfpwJ.
,e;jr; #o;epiyapy; Clftpayhshpd; gzp kpff;fbdkhdJ jhd;. vdpDk; Clftpayhsh;fs; vt;tsTf;nft;tsT cz;ikf;F tpRthrkhfr; nraw;gLfpwhh;fNsh mt;tsTf;ft;tsT mJ ,yq;if r%fj;jpw;F gad; tpisg;gjhfNt ,Uf;Fk;. mJ Nghy mjpfhuj;jpd; Fuyhf md;wp Fuyw;wth;fspd; Fuyhf mth;fs; ,Uf;Fk; NghJ jhd; r%fj;jpd; ngUk;ghyhd kf;fSila ey;nyz;zj;ij mJ ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sk;.
mjpfhuj;jpdJk; Clf Rje;jpuj;jpdJk; nry;top vd;gJ xU NghJk; rkhe;jukhf ,Ug;gjpy;iy. mJ tuyhW KOtJk; vjpnujpuhdjhfNt ,Ue;J te;jpUf;fpwJ. Clf Rje;jpuk; vd;gJ fUj;j ntspg;ghl;L Rje;jpuj;jpy; jq;fpapUf;fpwJ. mNjNghy kf;fs; fUj;ij mwpAk; Rje;jpuj;NjhL gpd;dpg; gpize;jJ. Vy;yhtifr;Rje;jpuq;fSf;Fk; mbg;gilahd ,e;j fUj;J ntspg;ghl;Lr; Rje;jpuk; vd;gJ mw;Wg;NghFk; NghJ my;yJ neUf;fb Vw;gLk; NghJ midj;J tifahd Rje;jpuq;fSf;Fk; tifapy; mbg;girl;Rje;jpukhd Rje;jpuj;jpw;fhf NghuhLtJ Clfj:JiwapdUila jhd;.
,d Mgj;J kj fUj;J rhjp Vw;gl;L ghy; ntspg;ghl;Lr;
Ngjkw;W
gzp tpLk;. me;j .


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38
kio Nkfq;fisg; ghh;j;J md;W tpisr;rypy; jdpj;jdpNa ngw;wij vLj;Jf; nfhz;L tpiue;J thhPh;
Nrhsk; Kw;wpa Ntfk; tskhd kz;zpy; gaph;fs; gpize;jd ftiyapd; Ntfk; mwpe;J
nghy;yhj fhl;Lg;gd;wpfs; fhKfh;fshff; $r;rypl;L ,uT gfy; cWkpd
taiy Rj;jg;gLj;j gapiu Nehf;fpg; gha;e;jd
jhprdk; jhprdk; jhprdk; jhprdk; jhprdk;
tz;zj;J rpy; tz;L
,g;NghJ ntg;gj;jp ntWk; i
khwp khw fhZk; , fe;jfk; eh gprhRfs; vjw;F ki
vy;iyf; Fuy vy;iyf; Fuy vy;iyf; Fuy vy;iyf; Fuy vy;iyf; Fuy;
vhpf vhpf vhpf vhpf vhpf nkj nkj nkj nkj nkj
rh

tz;zj;Jg;g+r;rpfs; epiyFiye;jd rpy; tz;Lfs; epidtpoe;jd
,g;NghJ Fsph; fhyk; ntg;gj;jpw;F vQ;rpapUg;gJ ntWk; itf;Nfhy;fs; kl;LNk
khwp khwp #hpaidf; fhZk; ,Us; Njrj;jpy; fe;jfk; ehWk; gprhRfs; taypy; ,wq;Fk; vjw;F kio Nkfq;fs;
; Fuy ; Fuy ; Fuy ; Fuy ; Fuy;
ftiyAld; cUtk; xd;W Fjpiuapd; kPjpUf;Fk; tyf;ifapy; mikjpahf Jg;ghf;fp Kj;jpiuAld;.
tpisg; gaph;fis kPz;Lk; tpijj;jhy; ntbf;Fk; kfh rj;jk; fhy;fis gpLq;Fk;
tpyq;FfNs taYf;F nry;yhjPh; gUe;Jfs; gwf;Fk; gfy; nghOjpy;
vhpf; ,NsngUk Muhr;rp vhpf; ,NsngUk Muhr;rp vhpf; ,NsngUk Muhr;rp vhpf; ,NsngUk Muhr;rp vhpf; ,NsngUk Muhr;rp nkjpaNk fPj;ja E}ypy; ,Ue;J nkjpaNk fPj;ja E}ypy; ,Ue;J nkjpaNk fPj;ja E}ypy; ,Ue;J nkjpaNk fPj;ja E}ypy; ,Ue;J nkjpaNk fPj;ja E}ypy; ,Ue;J
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rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij
kdk; RUf;nfd;W ijj;jJ.
“cz;ikahfth> fhK?”
“cz;ikjhd;.”
“Ms; FNsh];jhdh?”
“FNsh];jhd;.”
vd;Dila jpifj;j ghHit fhKtpypUe;J tpyfp fpsg;gpd FNuhl;ld;fspy; tpOe;jJ. kPz;Lk; fhKi]g; ghHj;Njd;. mt fWj;j Nkiria epiyFj;jg; ghHj;jgb ,Ue;jhd;. ,ae;jphpfk Nghd;W tpiwj;j mtDila rtuk; nra;ag;glhj Kfj;jpd; gh Nghijapy; ^g; tpLfpwhdh?
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
rz;Kf

rz;Kfk; rptypq;fd;
pypUe;J tpyfp fpsg;gpd; Kd;kjpiy curpf; nfhz;L epd;w Ki]g; ghHj;Njd;. mtd; l;hpq;fpd; kPjpiaAk; mbj;Jtpl;L b ,Ue;jhd;. ,ae;jphpfkhd mtDila gjpy;fSk; fy;iyg; ra;ag;glhj Kfj;jpd; ghtKk; vd;Ds; re;Njfj;ij tsHj;jd.
39 8


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rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij mLj;j gf;fj;J ad;dY}lhf khkuj;jpd; epow;
“Y} Y}.... $lhuj;ijg; ];f;$l;lHfSf;Fk;> Clhf Kfq;fs; rhpahfj; ghHj;Njd;. Nkhl;Nlh njhpatpy;iy. igf;FfSf;Fk; fhHfSf;Fk;>
vdpDk;
“M! njhpay;ypN vd;d
,uz;L tl;lq;fshf ,uz;L ghHl;bfs; ,Ug;gJ njhpe;jJ. toikahf khkuj;jpd; fPo; xU tl;lf; fjpiufs; jhd; ,Uf;Fk; ,d;nwd;d tpN\rNkh? ghprhufHfs; nuhk;g Ntfkhf ,aq;fpdhHfs;. khiyf; fUf;fypy; Kfk; rhpahfj; njhpatpy;iy. vdpDk; Gjpa Kfk; vd;gJ njhpe;jJ. “vd;idj; njhpAkh?”
vd;Dila mzpe;J n ghHj;Njd;. “Nrr;Nr> v ePq;f Ntnw Y} Y}thf
rhud; cLj;j mtid khiyf; fUf;fiyAk; topj;J tPrpf; nfhz;L ghHj;Njd;. Nfhl;Lr; rhuj;Jld; Gs;sp hp-N\l; mzpe;jpUe;jhd;. gpd;dhy; Nfhjptpl;l ePz;l Kb. fd;dq;fs; nghUkpa ePs Kfk;. taJ Kg;gJf;F Nky; ,Uf;f KbahJ. ,Ugj;njl;L ,Ug;NjO jhd; vd;Dila fzf;F. mtd; kPz;Lk; Nfl;lhd;.
“vd;idj; njhpatpy;iyah?”
“njhpatpy;ypNa...”
ehd; fhKitg; ghHj;Njd;. fhK]; mtidg; ghHj;J KWtypj;jgb> vd;idAk; mtidAk; khwp khwpg; ghHj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhd;. rhud; cLj;jtd; kPz;Lk; nrhd;dhd;>
,uz;L vO ngaH itj ngahpYk; g nfhz;Nl ‘ “vd;id cq;fSf;F ey;yhj; njhpAk;”
vd;idf; $ ,ul;bj;J e “,y;iyNa> jk;gp... I vk; n]hhp...”
$g;gpl;ljh
rh

;jpd; epow; Sf;Fk;> fSf;Fk; . vdpDk; ; ,Ug;gJ U tl;lf; pN\rNkh?
hHfs;. patpy;iy.
; khwp ;
“Y} Y}.... Y} – Y}”
“M! vd;d? Y} Y} th?.... mg;gbj; njhpay;ypNa...”
vd;Dila %f;Ff; fz;zhbia vLj;J mzpe;J nfhz;L mtid NkYk; fPOk; ghHj;Njd;. “Nrr;Nr> vdf;Fj; njhpe;j Y} Y} ,g;gb ,y;iy. ePq;f NtnwhU Y} Y}thf ,Uf;fyhk;”
“,e;j cyfj;jpNyNa cs;s Y} Y} ehd; xUtd; jhd; mg;gh!” ehd; xU fzk; kiyj;Njd;. vdf;Fj; njhpe;j Y} Y} $l ,Nj khjphp ‘mg;gh” vd;W jhd; vd;id tpopg;ghd;. vdpDk; ehd; nrhd;Ndd;> “kf;fs; rPdj;jpy; xUtH ,Uf;fpwhH. mtUila fijfis ehd; nkhop ngah;j;jpUf;fpNwd;.”
“mtUk; mz;ikapy; fhykhdhH. Mdhy; mtUila ngaH Y} Rd;. ehd; khj;jpue;jhd; ,e;j cyfpy; Y} Y}. cq;fSila nkhopngaHg;Gfis thrpj;jpUf;fpNwd;. Mdhy; vd;Dila ‘Y}’ Tf;Fk;> Y}-Rd; ,d; ‘Y}’ Tf;Fk; rk;ge;jkpy;iy. vd;Dila ‘Y}’ ghYtpd; ‘Y}’. ghYTk; ehDk; xNu ehspy; NghdtHfs;. ghY ,uz;L vOj;jpy; jdf;Fg; ngaH itj;jhd;. ‘ehd; cd;dpYk; ghjp cd; ngahpYk; ghjp’ vd mtDf;Fr; nrhy;ypf; nfhz;Nl ‘Y}’ vd vdf;Fg; ngaH itj;Njd;. vd;idf; $g;gpLfpwtHfs;. ‘Y}.... Y}’ vd ,ul;bj;J ehshtl;lj;jpy; nebypy; ePl;bf; $g;gpl;ljhy; ehd; Y} Yh MNdd;.”
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rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij
ghYTk; YhYhtpd; ngah; gw;wp ,g;gb VNjh nrhd;d Qhgfk;. ,g;NghJk; YhYh ek;gj;jFe;j Kiwapy; nrhd;dhd;. vdpDk; vd;dhy; ek;g Kbatpy;iy. vg;gb ek;GtJ?
“jk;gp> Y} Y} vd;u caue;jhd; ,Ug;ghd;. ePq;f vd;u fz;Zf;F vd;dpYk; caukhfj; njhpAwpq;f. Y} Y} ey;y fUKUntd;w ftHr;rpahd fWg;G. ePq;f ntspwpd nghJepwk;. cq;fl Kfk; ePskha; nytyha; njhpAJ. Y}Y} tpd; Kfk; mfd;wJ> /Nghl;Nlh[Pdpf;fhdJ> czHr;rp Fkpo;tpLk; [PtfisAilaJ...”
nrhy;ypf; nfhz;L Nghd vd;id rhud; fl;batd; ,il kwpj;jJ NghypUe;jJ. gpd; “nrhy;Yq;f mg;gh” vdr; rphpj;Jf; nfhz;L nrhd;dhd;. Y}Y}tpd; [Ptfis epuk;gpa Kfj;ij ,d;Dk; vd; epidTf;F nfhz;L te;Njd;...
“gy epiyfspy; ehd; mtidf; fz;bUf;fpNwd;. Xa;thd cw;rhfKs;s NtisfspYk;> mtjpAk; jLkhw;wKk; cs;s neUf;fb epiyfspYk;> tpuf;jpAk; frg;Gk; kpf;f ntWg;gile;j epiyapYk;> NrhHtpYk; Jauj;jpYk; thba NtisfspYk; ehd; mtidf; ftdpj;jpUf;fpNwd;. filrpahf ehd; mtidf; fz;l NghJk; $l> me;j rQ;ryj;Jf;Fk; re;Njfj;Jf;Fk; Mshd epiyapy; $l> mq;ftPdkhfp milahsk; njhpahj epiyapy; $l> mtDila jPl;rz;akhd czHr;rpfs; Kfj;jpy; njhpaj;jhd; nra;jd. ckf;F ,Ug;gJNghy; mtDf;F ,g;gb nkhOnkhOg;ghd Kfk; xU NghJk; ,Ue;jjpy;iy.”
mtd; rphpj;jhd;. mJ Y} Y} tpd; rphpg;Ng my;y. rphpj;Jf; nfhz;Nl nrhd;dhd; “ePq;f nrhy;wJfisf; Nfl;lhy; re;Njh\khfj;jhd; ,Uf;F> mg;g> filrpahf vd;idf; fz;lJ epidtpUf;Fj;jhNd?”
“ck;ikah? vg;NghJ? vq;Nf?”
“xU kjpak;> cq;fs; tPl;by;> vd; xUgf;fj;J jhil gwpNgha; tpl;ljhy; me;jg; gf;fk; #k;gpg; Nghd Kfj;Jld;...”
“ck;Kila Kfk; #k;gtpy;iyNa> ey;yhj;jhNd ,Uf;F?” mtd; kPz;Lk; rphpj;jhd;. ,e;j rphpg;G vg;gb Y} Y}thFk;?
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
“ntapYf;F vYkpr;rk;G thq;fpg; Ng
“x> x!!> ,J ,Uf;f khl ,d;W ,oe ,oe;jhd;. “ vy;yhj;jpY nrhy;yd;> F
“Fkhurhkpa jhd; ngah
“YhYhtpd vdf;Fj; n YhYh GUt
“Inld;wpf Fkhurhkp v
vdf;F gi jd; GUtj tYj;jJ.
GUtk; Yh mlh;;j;jpahf Kad;Nwd;. Nehf;fpg; g Kbatpy;i
“GUtk; m jhd;...”
fhK]; rphpj
“gpwFk; xU nraw;ifj; nghUj;jpaj ntapybg;g nfhQ;rehs nfhQ;rk; n Nghapw;wd;. vd;dNth.”
“mJ rhp , nra;jJ. , vy;yhj;ijA YhYh...” fhK]; rphpj
“mij kl

“ntapYf;F ey;yh ,Uf;Fnkd;W mk;kh vYkpr;rk;Gsp fiuj;J Kd; tPl;by; I]; fpA+g; thq;fpg; Nghl;Lj; je;jt...”
“x> x!!> ,J xU Chase in crooked shadow thf ,Uf;f khl;lhJ vd ek;GfpNwd;.” ,d;W ,oe;j nghWikia fhK]; md;Wk; ,oe;jhd;. “,njd;dlhg;gh jhrP];> eP vy;yhj;jpYk; re;Njfg;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUe;jhy;?... nrhy;yd;> Fkhurhkp cd; kpr;rf; fijiaAk;...”
“Fkhurhkpah ahh; Fkhurhkp” “YhYhTf;F mJ jhd; ngah; Fkhh; vd;Wk; nrhy;wJ....”
“YhYhtpd; ,aw;ngah; YhYhty;y vd;gJ vdf;Fj; njhpAk;” YhYh GUtj;ijj; jltpagbNa nrhd;dhd;.
“Inld;wpf;fhh;l; Ntj;Nrl;b/g;gpf;Nfw; vy;yhk; Fkhurhkp vd;W jhd; ,Uf;F”
vdf;F gioa re;Njfk; te;jJ.. YhYh kPz;Lk; jd; GUtj;ijj; jltpdhd;. vdJ re;Njfk; tYj;jJ.
GUtk; YhYhtpDilaijg; NghyNt kpf mlh;;j;jpahf ,Ue;jJ. fz;fisg; ghh;f;f Kad;Nwd;. fUf;fypy; fjpiuapypUe;jgb Nky; Nehf;fpg; ghh;j;jjpy; mitfis kl;bl Kbatpy;iy.
“GUtk; mg;gbNa jhd; ,Uf;F. ,e;j cUte; jhd;...”
fhK]; rphpj;jhd; “nrhy;yd; Fkhh;”
“gpwFk; xU xg;gpNurd; nra;jJ mg;gh. nraw;ifj; jhil> nraw;ifg; gy; vy;yhk; nghUj;jpajpy; cUtk; khwpg; Nghr;R. ntapybg;gJ Fiwe;J Nghdjhy;> clk;G nfhQ;rehs; tPf;fhfTk; ,Ue;jjhy; epwKk; nfhQ;rk; ntspwpg; Nghr;R. nfhQ;rk; nkypQ;Rk; Nghapw;wd;. mjhiy caukha;j; njhpapwNdh vd;dNth.”
“mJ rhp ,t;tsT nghpa xg;gpNurd; vq;if nra;jJ. ,Jf;nfy;yhk; fhR VJ? jhd; vy;yhj;ijAk; tpl;L tpyfpj;jd; vd;W jhd; YhYh...” fhK]; rphpj;jhd; rphpj;Jf; nfhz;Nl nrhd;dhd;.
“mij kl;Lk; Nfl;ff; $lhJ vd;d Fkhh;?”
VNjh k;gj;jFe;j y; ek;g
hd;. ePq;f
hJepwk;. J. Y}Y} ;fhdJ> ...”
; . gpd; hz;L pa z;L
; cs;s ;Gk; kpf;f ; ; ahf ehd;
hsk;
hpaj;jhd; f;F NghJk;
pg;Ng “ePq;f j;jhd; z;lJ
gf;fj;J ;fk;
vg;gb
41 8


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rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij
“rhp ,g;Ngh vd;d nra;fpwPh;”
mkh;e;jpUe gf;fk; #k “,e;jg; fopfpwJ. Fuy; jhd; fhuzj;jhy; rw;Njfk; vd;gij Nfl;L Nghwizapy; nfhQ;rk; tYj;jJ.
YhYhitg; Fkhurhkp ehd; nghWq;f.” xUthW Ntiy. Nghdhd;. gw;wpa ek;gpdhYk; tapw;Wg;ghL
vdJ Ngf;fhpapypUe;J mtd; gioa
YhYh mNj
Kfk;. filrpahf mtDf;F rhW Nghy; ntapy;.
nfhL
epid
jhd
“,dp ehk ,e;jg; gf;fk; tuf; $lhJ” vd;Nwd;.
YhYhtpd; RthpypUe;j “Vd; cd; re;Njfk; ,d;Dk; jPuy;ypah?” vdf;Ff; NfhgNk te;jJ.
glj;jpy; e ghh;itia “vd;d Yh “vd;d cdf;Fj; njhpAk;? vd;u re;Njfk; vd;d vd;W cdf;Fj; njhpAkh? ,e;jf; Fkhurhkp YhYh jhdh vd;gJ khj;jpukh vd; re;Njfk;?”
“my;y> Na khiy Ngh vd;W ghh;f “njhpAk; cd; re;Njfj;jpw;F Kbtpy;iy vd;W.”
“vy;yhj;ij NkYk; ,Wfpf; nfhz;L te;j fUf;fYf;Fs; Misahs; cw;Wg; ghh;j;Jf; nfhz;Nlhk;. ,g;NghJ jhd; jho;thuj;jpy; $iu epoiy
KiwAk; v ,Ue;jJ.” Kbatpy;i vq;fs; kPJ vwpe;J nfhz;L tPl;L ad;dypy; kpd;Fkpo; ntspr;rk; gspr;nrd;wJ.
“Nrr;Nr vt ,Ue;jh vL DDD DDD DDD
tuhJ... e
kjpa ntapypy; Kjpiu kuf; fpisfspDhL> vd; fz;fs; GijAz;bUe;j ePythdj;jpy; Njhd;wpa nky;ypa ntz;Nkfg; glh;Tfs; vd; fz;Zf;Fs; fz;iz %ba Ijhd glykhfNt njhpe;jJ. mjpr;rpAw;wtdha; fhKi] ,ikia ntl;b %bj; jpwe;J ghh;j;Njd; mtd; ,d;Dk;
vd;dhy; , kidtp m njUtpy; , ,uz;L re njhlq;fpNd rpy tpraq Nkirapy; epiy Fj;jpa ghh;itAlNdNa ,Ue;jhd;.
“ Vd; YhY #k;gpapUf Vfhe;jkhfpg; Nghd vd;Dila mfTyfpy; nky;y nky;y fpsg;igr; #o;e;j kz;Zyfj;J ey;Nyhirfs; Nfl;fj; njhlq;fpd. NkNy kpd;;tprpwp jiynjwpf;fr; Rod;W nfhz;bUe;jJ. Nfg;gp te;J VJk; Njitah vd;W Nfl;L tpl;Lg; Nghdhd;. vd;Dila l;wpq;if vLj;Jr;
“njhpAe;jh tPuf;fhl;Lf nfhz;L N kiwQ;rpUe jPl;bdtq rw;Wg; gUfpNdd;. fhK]; jd; ep\;ilapypUe;J ePq;fp rpfnul; gw;w itj;J Cjj; njhlq;fpdhd;. ,ilapy; vd;id Kiwj;Jg; ghh;j;jhd;. kPz;Lk; czh;r;rp trg;gl;ltd; Nghy; rpfnul; Gifia
“Nfs;tpg;g kythry; X te;jJ....” Ntfkhf Cjpj; js;spdhd;.
“mJ gts me;jg; Gif %l;lj;jpy; xU Gif %l;lkhf vd; tPl;L kz;lgKk; kz;lgj;jpy;
cld;gpwg;G rpf;dy; khw
rh

g;ghL
papypUe;J d; YhYh Yk; mNj gioa
vd;Nwd;.
”
k; vd;d rhkp ;Njfk;?”
y vd;W.”
f;Fs; lhk;. iy
;dypy;
hL> vd; Njhd;wpa
lykhfNt ,ikia ; ,d;Dk; Na
yfpy;
yfj;J Ny
;bUe;jJ. l;L
vLj;Jr; apypUe;J q;fpdhd;. ;. kPz;Lk; Gifia
;lkhf
mkh;e;jpUe;j YhYhtpd; KfKk; njhpe;jJ. xU gf;fk; #k;gp thb tjq;fpg; Nghd YhYhtpd; Kfk;. epidtpd; xU Gif %l;lj;jpd; Clhf. filrpahf mtd; te;j NghJ vd; kidtp mtDf;F I];fpa+g; kpjf;Fk; vYkpr;rk;gor; rhW nfhLj;j NghJ ehd; fz;l Kfk;. ,J Nghy; jhd; md;Wk; fz; jpwf;f Kbahj ntapy;.
YhYhtpd; fz;fs;> vjpNu fjTf;F Nky; RthpypUe;j nghpa kpd; jPgk; Vw;wpa NaRtpd; glj;jpy; epiyj;jpUf;fpwJ. mtDila ghh;itiag; Ghpe;J nfhz;L Nfl;Nld;. “vd;d YhYh NaRitNa cw;Wg; ghh;f;fpwha;?”
“my;y> NaRtpd; ,lj;jpy; ,Nj jPgj;Jld; khiy Nghl;bUe;j ghYtpd; glk; vq;Nf vd;W ghh;f;fpNwd;.”
“vy;yhj;ijAk; tpl;Lj;J Xlf;Fs;s ,uz;lhk; KiwAk; vd; gps;isia Gijf;f Ntz;bNa ,Ue;jJ.” mtd; caph;j;njo ,d;De;jhd; Kbatpy;iy...”
“Nrr;Nr vt;tsT gae;jdPq;f. xU glk; ,Ue;jh vLj;J khl;Lq;f. cq;fSf;F vJTk; tuhJ... ehd; nrhy;fpNwd;.”
vd;dhy; ,Ug;Gf; nfhs;s Kbatpy;iy. kidtp mtNdhL Ngrpf; nfhz;bUf;f> ehd; njUtpy; ,wq;fp ntapy; vd;Wk; ghuhky; ,uz;L re;jpf;Fkpilapy; elf;fj; njhlq;fpNdd;. ,ilapilNa te;J mtdplk; rpy tpraq;fisf; Nfl;Nld;.
“ Vd; YhYh ,g;gb xU gf;f KfNk ,y;yhky; #k;gpapUf;FJ?”
“njhpAe;jhNd Nfs;tpg;glapy;iyah? tPuf;fhl;Lf;Fs;s mtDfis Kwpabr;Rf; nfhz;L Nghff;Fs;s nfhbf;fk;gj;Jf;Fs;s kiwQ;rpUe;j ftrj;Jf;Fs;sapUe;J jPl;bdtq;fs;.”
“Nfs;tpg;gl;lJ jhd;. Mdh mJ gpd;re;jpiy kythry; Xukha;g; ghQ;rJ vd;WjhNd fij te;jJ....”
“mJ gtsntspj; jhf;Fjypy; vd;$l cld;gpwg;Gfs; jg;gp Xlf;Fs;s fl;mTl; rpf;dy; khw;wpf; nfhLf;fg;gl;ljhy; ele;jJ.”
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rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij
me;jr; rd;dq;fs; ,d;Dk; ,Lg;ngYk;Gf;Fs;sjhd; ,Uf;F. gLthidf; fpspaH gz;z MH.bvg; vd;uh; gz;zpd rkak; ele;jJ... rhpahd nej;jpab. ey;y fhyk;. xU gf;f fd;dntYk;NghL Nghapw;W. ,d;Dk; rhpapy;iy. ,d;ndhU xg;gNu\d; nra;a NtZkhk;. gpsh];hpf; nghUj;JfSk; nra;jhy; #k;gpd gf;fk; epkpUk;.
YhYhTld; vd; kidtp NgRk; NghJ ,ilapy; xUKiw ehd; njUtpy; ,wq;fp Nfhapy;ntspr; re;jptiuAk; Ngha; ghHj;jNghJ ntyntyj;Jg; NghNdd;. Nfhapy; ntspkzypy; ruruj;J [Pg; xd;W xb flw;fiu tPjpapy; Vwp gpr;Rf; nfhz;L NghdJ. gugug;Gld; Xb te;J cs;Ns ,Ue;J Y} Y} tplk; mijr; nrhd;d NghJ mtd; xU gf;fk; nfopj;J #k;gpd thapD}lhfr; rphpj;jhd;. kpfTk; ghpjhgkhftpUe;jJ. vdpDk; mtd; nrhd;dJ vd;id ntF njhiyTf;Ff; nfhz;L nrd;wJ.
“gag;glhjpq;f mg;gh. vdf;F xd;Wk; elthJ. ehd; mtq;fSf;F vy;yhk; nrhy;ypg; Nghl;Lj; jhd; epf;fpwd;...”
“vd;d nrhy;ypg; Nghl;L epf;fpwJ?”
“k;k;k;... cly; Cdj;jhy ehd; tpyfpj;jd; vd;W. ek;gf;$ba tpjj;jpy; tpyfpw;wk; vd;W ep&gpj;jhy; tpl;Lg; ghHj;J jq;fl fz;fhzpg;gpy itr;Rf; nfhs;thq;f. ehd; thuhthuk; Ngha; ifnaOj;Jg; NghLwd;.”
vd;dpypUe;J VNjh fod;W tpOe;jJ NghypUe;jJ. vy;yhk; ,oe;jtd; Nghy; Vf;fj;NjhL Nfl;Nld;>
“ePq;f tpl;L tpyfpw;wpq;fsh?”
“,e;j Cdj;Njhl vd;d nra;AwJ? tpyfpw;wd;...”
“tpyfp ,tq;fl fz;fhzpg;gpiyah?”
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
“XNkhk;.”
vd;Ds; xU kpd;dy; Ng re;jpg;G epi
“mfjpahg; re;jpg;G epi
“epidtpUf gpd;thq;fp
“nuhk;g fr cs;Kuz;g njhpaf; fi
“me;jf; fr mg;gbNa ,d;ndhd;W $lhJ. XL thbapUg;N
Y} Y} rphpj gf;fkhf rp me;j mrpq mtDila gioa frg ,g;NghJ , gl;lJ. vj nfhLj;J m

“XNkhk;.”
vd;Ds; xU m#ir tsHtJ NghypUe;jJ. kpd;dy; Nghy; mfjpaha; Nghd Jiwabr; re;jpg;G epidTf;F te;jJ.
“mfjpahg; NghdNghJ ek;kl Jiwabr; re;jpg;G epidtpUf;fh?”
“epidtpUf;F. nuhk;g mbgl;L ehq;f gpd;thq;fp te;j rkak; mJ.”
“nuhk;g frg;Gk; tpNuhjKk; nfhz;bUe;jpq;f. cs;Kuz;ghLfSk; fUj;JKuz;ghLfSk; njhpaf; fijr;rpq;f...”
“me;jf; frg;Gk; Kuz;ghLfSk; ,d;Dk; mg;gbNa ,Uf;F> xd;Wf;Fs;s ,Ue;J ,d;ndhd;Wf;Fs;s ehk khl;bf; nfhs;sf; $lhJ. XL kPd; Xl cWkPd; tUksTk; thbapUg;Nghk;.”
Y} Y} rphpj;jhd;. kPz;Lk; me;jr; #k;gpd gf;fkhf rphpg;G ghjpapy; Kwpe;J njhq;fpaJ. me;j mrpq;fj;ij tplTk; mrpq;fkhf mtDila thHj;ijfs; vdf;Fg;gl;ld. gioa frg;gpd; cs;td;kj;NjhNlNa Y} Y} ,g;NghJ ,aq;fj; njhlq;fpapUg;gjhf vdf;Fg; gl;lJ. vjpHj;jug;gpd; ifapy; jd;idg; ghuk; nfhLj;J mtHfSila fz;fhzpg;gpy; tho;e;J
hidf; pd y;y
hapw;W. \d; fSk;
q;fp Hj;jNghJ
flw;fiu
Y} Y} U gf;fk; d;. kpfTk; rhd;dJ nrd;wJ.
; elthJ. Nghl;Lj;
;jd; vd;W.
hd; wd;.”
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rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij thuhthuk;. xg;gk; NghLgtid vg;gb ek;GtJ? CdKw;w epiyapy; capUf;Fg; gae;J kdpjd; vijj;jhd; nra;a khl;lhd;?
gaKk; re;NjfKk; kpFe;j me;jg; gugug;ghd kjpar; #oypy; ehd; mtidr; rhg;gpl;Lg; Nghfr; nrhy;yhjJ gw;wpAk;> mtd; Nghf Ntz;ba ,lj;Jf;F mtid irf;fpspy; nfhz;Ltpl Kd;tuhjJ gw;wpAk; mtd; vd;d epidj;jhNdh? ntapy; kpFe;j vd; njUtpy; mtd; ele;J Nghtijg; ghHj;J epd;Nwd;. gioa fk;gPuq;fs; gwpNghd njha;thd eil. [Pg; Nghd mNj flw;fiug; ghijapy; mtd; Vwpg; NghdJ vjdhy;?
gy fw;gidfSld; ntapypy; mtd; Nghtijg; ghHj;jgbNa epd;Nwd;...
*** *** ***
rpfnul; Giff;Fs;NsNa ,d;dKk; fhK]; ,Ue;jhd;.
“Vd; ,g;gb njhlHr;rpahf CJfpwha;?” “eP NgrhjpUe;jhy; ehd; vd;d nra;tJ? l;hpq;Fk; fhyp.”
“ePjhd; %l; khwp Muk;gj;jpNyNa fpf; mbj;jtd; NghypUe;jha;.”
“Y}Y}tpd; rpe;jid vd;idg; ghjpf;fpwJ. Mdhy; cd;idg; ghjpf;ftpy;iy...”
“mtid vdf;Fj; njhpe;j msTf;F cdf;Fj; njhpahJ.”
“eP mtidr; re;Njfpf;fpwha;.”
“mJ cdf;F vg;gbj; njhpAk;?”
“vdf;Fj; njhpAk;. murkuj;jbj; jhf;Fjypy; Y}Y}it rk;ge;jg;gLj;JtJk; mtid `PNuhthf;FtJk; jpl;lkpl;l Nrhbg;G vd;fpwha;.”
“ehd; mg;gbr; nrhy;ytpy;iyNa”
“eP mg;gbr; nrhy;ytpy;iy. Mdhy; mJjhd; cd; ek;gpf;if.”
“nrhy;tijnay;yhk; clDf;Fld; Vw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lkh? rPHJ}f;fpg; ghHf;f Ntz;lhkh?”
“xt;nthd njhlq;fpd nfhs;skhl Kd;kdr; r nfhs;fpwJ. Nghfl;Lk;> ele;jjw;Fk Njitg;gL it is the ta re;Njfk;. “cs;Nshl
“ eP nuhk;g gae;jtd;”
“cd;idt
“Y} Y} it gae;jtd;
“Y} Y} i “M!” fhK kwe;J xU Gjpa l;hpq; Njitapy;i Nghf vOe
cs;sf tpi gpq;nghq; M Nfl;Lf; nf rpjwy;fSk gphpl;[; M Ngrhky; , nfhz;L r fopj;jpUf;f czHr;rp N NrHe;J jph
fuh[; xJf fle;J khk tisj;Jg; kiwtpy; f nfhz;L m Ngr;Rf;fs;
ehY Ngh;... ehd; fuh[ te;jdhd;... XNkhk; Xl nuz;L Ng Vd; gag;g YhYh...,d
rh

g; gae;J
ug;ghd ;Lg; ghf py; d; vd;d jUtpy;
wd;. d eil.
; mtd;
K];
” ?
;
pwJ.
cdf;Fj;
jypy;
Jjhd;
;Wf;
“xt;nthd;iwAk; rPHJ}f;fpg; ghHf;fj; njhlq;fpdhy; eP cyfpy; xd;iwANk xg;Gf; nfhs;skhl;lha;. xg;Gf;nfhs;s tpUk;ghj xU Kd;kdr; rha;Tjhd; rPHJ}f;fYf;Fs; xspe;J nfhs;fpwJ. murkuj;jb jhf;Fjy; jhd; Nghfl;Lk;> New;W ghyj;jbapy; ele;jjw;Fky;yth cdf;F G+jf;fz;zhb Njitg;gLfpwJ. Cnuy;yhk; mJ jhd; Ngr;R. it is the talk of the town. vdpDk; vdf;Fr; re;Njfk;. “cs;Nshl;lq;fs; cdf;Fg; GhpahJ”
“ eP nuhk;gg; gae;jtd;” “ eP nuhk;gg; gae;jtd;”
“cd;idtplf; FiwTjhd;.”
“Y} Y} itf; Nfl;lhy; nrhy;Ythd; ahH gae;jtd; ahH gag;gplhjtd; vd;gij”
“Y} Y} itr; re;jpf;Fk; NghJ Nfl;fpNwd;” “M!” fhK]; jpifj;jhd;. gpd; rphpj;jhd;. jd;id kwe;J xU N[hf;fpw;F rphpg;gJ Nghy. Nfg;gp Gjpa l;hpq; nfhz;L te;jhd;. vdf;F l;hpq; Njitapy;iyg; Nghy; ,Ue;jJ. nuhapnyw;Wf;F Nghf vOe;Njd;.
cs;sf tpisahl;luq;fpy; kz;lgj;jpy; gpq;nghq; Ml;lj;jpd; nlhf; nlhf; rj;jq;fs; Nfl;Lf; nfhz;bUe;jd. fuk;NghHl;fspd; rpjwy;fSk; fpshRfspd; cury;fSk; Nfl;ld. gphpl;[; MLNthhhpd; ep\;ilfSk; njhpe;jd. Ngrhky; ,itfspy; Vjhtnjhd;wpy; fye;J nfhz;L re;Njh\khfg; nghOijf; fopj;jpUf;fyhk;;. fUj;J Nkhjy;fSlDk; czHr;rp Nkhjy;fSlDk; ,e;j fhK]{ld; NrHe;J jphptJ vjw;fhf?..
fuh[; xJf;Fg;Gwj;jpy; cs;s rl;lq;fisf; fle;J khku epoy; $lhuj;jpdJ Xuq;fis Rj;jp tisj;Jg; Ngha; khkuj;jpd; mLj;j gf;fj;J kiwtpy; fjpiu xd;iw ,Oj;Jg; Nghl;Lf; nfhz;L mkHe;Njd;. miuFiwahfj;jhd; Ngr;Rf;fs; Nfl;ld.
ehY Ngh;... ehd;... ehDk; Neh;y fz;ldhd;... ehd; fuh[;y epz;ldhd;...ehd; Nfhapy;yapUe;J te;jdhd;... ehY Ngh; ... XNkhk; ehY Ngh;... XNkhk; Xl;Nlh epd;wJ... Fthl;Nlh;]; Xuk;... nuz;L Ngiu vdf;Fj; njhpAk;. ... nrhy;yd; Vd; gag;gpLwha;... mJ jhd; YhYh...,d;DNkd; ufrpakha;r; nrhy;Ywha;
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rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij
ngyf;fr; nrhy;. Va;? ntwpf;fij fijahij.... fy;Yf;Fk; fhJ... MuJ kiwtpy... mJ me;j kh];lh;. gpur;rpidapy;iy... eP nrhy;... kw;wJ [fd;... ,y;yy;y YhYhit ehd; fhzy;y... ehd; fz;lJ n[fd;> F&];> Fkhurhkp... mNl Fkhurhkp jhz;lh YhYh... Fkhurhkp jhd; vwpQ;rtd;... vd;d ele;jJ... ehd; jpUk;gp Xbj;jd;. vdf;F Xl Kbay;y... kpd;dy; ghQ;rJ khjphp. fhJ fpopQ;R Nghr;R. tpOe;jpw;W. fuh[; fhh;fSf;fpilapy; miur;rpw;Wg; Ngha;f; fple;J ghf;fd;. Fkhurhkp jhd;. ,d;ndhd;iwf; fbf;fhd;. ehd; fhijg; nghj;jpw;wd;... jljlf;FJ Jtf;Fr; rj;jk;... ehY NgUk; XLwhq;f. Jtf;Fr; rj;jk; cuf;FJ.... ve;jg;gf;fk; Xbd... Fthl;Nlh;]; gf;fk;... Fkhurhkp jhd; YhYh...
ntWg;Gld; ehd; KZKZj;Njd;. “fhf;if fhf;ifaha; the;jp vLj;j khjphpj;jhd;..”
gl;nld;W vOe;J rUFfs; ruruf;f vdJ ntWg;igf; fhl;Lk; tifapy; tpWf;fhf ele;Njd;.
cs;tpisahl;luq;f kz;lgj;jpy; gpq;nghq; nlhf; nlhf; thj;jpak; epd;W NghapUe;jJ. gr;ir Nkirapd; Xuk; ifasthd me;j wf;nfw;WfSld; mth;fs; mjpub mhpaJiuia ghh;j;jgb tha;gpse;J epd;whh;fs;. kw;Wk; gpwp[; fl;lUk;> fuk; Ml;lf;fhuUk; Nghl;lJ Nghl;l khjphpAk; mbj;jJ mbj;j khjphpAk; epd;whh;fs;. thaUNf kJf; Nfhg;igiaf; nfhz;L Nghd if nfhz;L Nghd khjphpAk; kJf; Nfhg;igAs; kJit Cw;wpa if Cw;wpa epiyapYk; mg;gbNa mjpubapd; ml;lfhrj;jpy; nka; kwe;jpUe;jhh;fs;. mjpub mhpaJiuia vdf;Ff; fz;lhNy gpbf;fhJ. me;j ntWg;Nghl ,e;j ntWg;Gk; Nru kz;lgj;ij ehY gha;r;rypy; ele;J fle;Njd;. mhpaJiu Koq;fpf; nfhz;bUe;jhd;.
“mNl rq;f njhpAkhlh ,Uf;fpwpah nfhz;lf;l nrhy;yj; j rq;fhpAk; n NghypUe;jJ
“Nla; mj ,Uf;fpwpah n\hl;Lf;F
“md;d ` fs;sbf;fpw Nghdhd;...
gy epiyfspy; ehd; mtidf fz;bUf;fpNwd;. Xa;thd cw;rhfKs;s NtisfspYk;> mtjpAk; jLkhw;wKk; cs;s neUf;fb epiyfspYk;> tpuf;jpA
frg;Gk; kpf;f ntWg;gile;j epiyapYk;> NrhHtpYk; Jauj;jp thba NtisfspYk; ehd; mti ftdpj;jpUf;fpNwd;. filrpahf e mtidf; fz;l NghJk; $l> m
rQ;ryj;Jf;Fk; re;Njfj;Jf;Fk Mshd epiyapy; $l> mq;ftPdkhfp milahsk; njhpa
epiyapy; $l> mtDila jPl;rz;akhd czHr;rpfs; Kfj
njhpaj;jhd; nra;jd.
Nwhl;L. m nyhf;Nf\ ,uz;L ju Fl;lf;Fs;s gz;zpf; n gw;iwf;Fs tof;fkh f jhd; epf;fpw n[fDk;> F FNsh];. f
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008

“mNl ahij....
rq;fhp ghyj;jbia cdf;Fj; J me;j
njhpAkhlh?” eP me;jg; gf;fk; Ngha; kw;wJ
,Uf;fpwpahlh> g];]py Nghff;Fs;s y;y...
nfhz;lf;lh; ‘k; ghyj;jb ,wq;Fq;f’ vd;W p... mNl
nrhy;yj; jhd; Nfl;bUg;gha;...” p jhd;
rq;fhpAk; ntbthy; KWf;fpf; nfhz;bUe;jJ pUk;gp
NghypUe;jJ. y; pOe;jpw;W.
“Nla; mjpub ml;lfhrk; eP Ngha; Ngha;f;
,Uf;fpwpahlh> NtZnkz;lh nuz;L dhd;iwf;
n\hl;Lf;Fg; NghapUg;gha;.”
Uk;
“md;d `hp> mfjp tho;f;ifapy ;jg;gf;fk;
fs;sbf;fpwjw;F xUtd; me;jg; gf;fk; $l;bg; hkp jhd;
Nghdhd;...”
‘njhiyQ;RJ Ngh’ vd;W KZKZj;Jf; epiyfspy; ehd; mtidf; fz;bUf;fpNwd;. Xa;thd w;rhfKs;s NtisfspYk;>
nfhz;L fhK]; ,Ue;j miwf;Fg; NghNdd;. fhK];]{k; fjTg;gf;fk; jpUk;gp mjpubapd; tjpAk; jLkhw;wKk; cs;s f;fb epiyfspYk;> tpuf;jpAk; rg;Gk; kpf;f ntWg;gile;j apYk;> NrhHtpYk; Jauj;jpYk;
tpyhrq;fSf;Ff; fhJ nfhLj;Jf; nfhz;bUg;gJ Nghyj; Njhd;wpaJ. ehd; mkh;e;Njd;. vy;yhk; NtisfspYk; ehd; mtidf; pj;jpUf;fpNwd;. filrpahf ehd; idf; fz;l NghJk; $l> me;j
fhypahf ,Ue;jJ. Nfg;gp NtW l;wpq;FfNshLk; rpfnul; xk;nyl;LlDk; te;jhd;. ;ryj;Jf;Fk; re;Njfj;Jf;Fk;
mjpub cr;r];jhapapy; Mshd epiyapy; $l>
Koq;fpdhd;. tPdkhfp milahsk; njhpahj epiyapy; $l> mtDila
ghyj;jb xU fhl;Lg; ghij. Mw;wq;fiuapy; ;akhd czHr;rpfs; Kfj;jpy; njhpaj;jhd; nra;jd.
mlh;e;j fd;dh kuq;fSf;Ff; fPNo Mw;wq;fiuapd; tisT nespTfisj; njhl;lgb me;j cile;j jhh; phpAk;
Nwhl;L. mLj;j gf;fk; mlh;e;j fhL. trjpahd thaUNf
nyhf;Nf\d; ,uz;L jug;Gf;Fk;. mLj;jLj;J f
,uz;L jug;Gk; mk;G\; fplf;fpwjhk;. gAs;
Fl;lf;Fs;s tah;fis YhYh Mf;fs; nrw; k;
gz;zpf; nfhz;bUf;iff;Fs;s fd;dhg; nka;
gw;iwf;Fs;s ,Ue;J ntb fpsk;gpdjhk;. vdf;Ff;
tof;fkh fd;dhg; gw;iwf;Fs;s nghbaDfs; ,e;j
jhd; epf;fpwJ. ,e;j Kiw khwpg; Nghr;R. ;r;rypy;
n[fDk;> F&];]{k; xd; j ];nghl;NyNa FNsh];. f[Dk; YhYhTk;...
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46
rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij rpWfij
xU fzk; midj;Jk; ];jk;gpjk; . ehd; fhKi]g; ghh;j;Njd;. fhK]; vd;idg; ghh;j;jhd;. xU l;wpq;if mbj;J Kbj;jJ Nghd;W mjpubapd; nrUky; Nfl;lJ. rq;fhpapd; Fuypy; Mty; jJk;gpaJ.
“k; nrhy;Y... f[Dk; YhYhTk;...” mlq;fpd Fuypy; jhd; mhpaJiu nrhd;dhd;.
“fhak;... jg;g Kbahj fhak;... vOk;gp kuj;jpiy gpbr;rpw;W epkpuf;Fs;s kWgbak; ntb. fd;dhg; gw;iwf;Fs;isapUe;J fk/ gpsh\; gha;r;ry;fs;. fhl;Lf;Fs;s kuj;Jf;nfhU jiyf;ftrKk; Jg;ghf;fpAk;. jg;gNt KbahJ. fOj;jpy fple;jij fbf;fj; jhd; NeukpUe;jJ. YhYh Kjy;y. f[d; gpwF..
“,t;tsT Neubah ,ijnay;yhk; fz;lJ ahU? fj;jpagb ];&iy ehd; Xq;fpf; Fj;jpajpy; fpsh]{k; Nghj;jYk; tpOe;J nehUq;fpd. vq;Fkhd me;j ];jk;gpjj;jpy; ,e;jf; fzPh; xypfs; cs;suq;f kz;lgj;jpYk; Nfl;bUf;Fk;. Nfg;gpAk; Xb te;jhd;. vy;yhk; Kba fhK]; mikjpahfr; nrhd;dhd;. “jh]p]; ehd; nrhy;Ywd; vz;L Nfhgpf;fhij. cd;idg; nghWj;jtiuapy; ,J xU chase the crooked shadow jhd;. Mdhy; cz;ik vd;dntd;W njhpAkh? YhYh vd;dl;l nrhd;dhd;. Ngf;fhp tPl;Lj; jho;thuj;jpy; xU MNwO khjj;jpw;F
Ke;jp ePAk md;iwf;F KWf;F th rkak;...”
“gPbifia nrhd;dtd
“xUKiw Nghl;l Ng te;jtdhk NghJk; Ng gaj;ijg; N tpl;ljhfT ifnaOj;J nrhd;dtd
*** chase Xh;Mq;fpy Xh;Mq;fpy Xh;Mq;fpy Xh;Mq;fpy Xh;Mq;fpy jkpopy; Gj jkpopy; Gj jkpopy; Gj jkpopy; Gj jkpopy; Gj
rh
.

d; ;
nrUky; k;gpaJ.
d;dhd;.
;gp bak; fk/ ;Jf;nfhU KbahJ. pUe;jJ.
ked td;W ;. Ngf;fhp j;jpw;F
Ke;jp ePAk; ehDk;. VNjh mbj;NjhNk> md;iwf;F YhYh vd;dl;l nrhd;dtd; eP KWf;F thq;f K];jghtpd; filf;F Nghd rkak;...”
“gPbifia tpL. tpraj;jpw;F th> vd;d nrhd;dtd;?”
“xUKiw [Pg;Gfs; mtidj;; Njb ry;yil Nghl;l NghJ jhd;. xU kj;jpahdk; cd;dpl;l te;jtdhk;. cd;iu gaj;ijf; fhz mtDf;F NghJk; NghJk; vd;whfp tpl;ljhk;. cd;iu gaj;ijg; Nghf;fj; jhd; mij tpl;L tpyfp tpl;ljhfTk; tpyfp tpl;lijr; nrhy;yp ifnaOj;Jg; Nghl;L tUtjhfTk; nrhd;dtdhk;...”
“cz;ikahfth?
“,jpYk; re;Njfkh?”
ehd; jpifj;J kjpYf;F Nky; Kjpiu kuf;fpis fpisfisg; ghh;j;Njd;. mitfis %LtJ Nghy thdj;jpy; Kfpy;fs; rilj;J ,Ue;jd. chase the crooked shadow tpd; epoy;fs; kWg;gf;fkhfr; Rod;Nwhlj; njhlq;fpd.
“Nfg;gp” ehd; fj;jpNdd;.
“Nfg;gp ,d;Dk; xU l;wpq; nfhz;L th!”
*** chase the crooked shadow Xh;Mq;fpyj; Xh;Mq;fpyj; Xh;Mq;fpyj; Xh;Mq;fpyj; Xh;Mq;fpyj; jpiug;glk;. jpiug;glk;. jpiug;glk;. jpiug;glk;. jpiug;glk;. ,jd; ,jd; ,jd; ,jd; ,jd; jOtyhf;fkhf jOtyhf;fkhf jOtyhf;fkhf jOtyhf;fkhf jOtyhf;fkhf jkpopy; jkpopy; jkpopy; jkpopy; jkpopy; Gjpa Gjpa Gjpa Gjpa Gjpa gwit gwit gwit gwit gwit glk; glk; glk; glk; glk; ntspte;jJ.. ntspte;jJ.. ntspte;jJ.. ntspte;jJ.. ntspte;jJ.. .
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Page 47
yjh ftpijfs; yjh ftpijfs; yjh ftpijfs; yjh ftpijfs; yjh ftpijfs;
fz;tpopj;J vOe;jNghJ efu; eLtpy; njhq;fpaJ Kfk; mfd;w ,U fz;fs; ePz ;l ,U fhJfSld;
kfpo;r;rpAk; tpag;Gk; mile;jdu; kf;fs; clk;gpy; nghUj;jpf;nfhs;s xt;nthUtUk; tpUk;gpdu;
Mu;g;ghl;lk; fpsu;e;jJ ifapnyLj;jtu; fy;yha;r; rike;jdu; mzpe;J ghu;j;jtu; cly;fs; ntbj;Jr; rpjwpd
rpiyfSk; rpjwpa cly;fSk; ngUfg; ngUf Nkhfk; tsu;e;jJ
tzq;fp epd;w cly;fis ntl;bAk; ePl;bAk; Fiwj;Jk; yhtfj;NjhL nrJf;fpaJ Kfk;
Ks;Sf;fuz;b $lj; njhl;buhj fuq;fspy; Jg;ghf;fpfisj; je;jJ
gutrk; mile;j Kfk; fz;fSk; fhJfSk; mope;J czu;r;rpfs; kopf;fg;gl;l cUz;ilahdJ
MdhYk; mJ Kfk; vtuplKk; ,y;yhj Kfk;
jq;fs; cly;fis Kfk; Jhf;fp epWj;Jtjhf ek;gpdu; kf;fs; mJ Rl;ba jpf;fpy; ele;jdu;
Kfk; ,y;yhj kf;fspd; gazk; tPukhdJ NrhfkhdJ Raeyk; epiwe;jJ
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
KfNkh Kj;njhopy %yf; flT ntbf;fg; N vz;zpf;nf ,dpNky; x ,tu;fSf;F vd;w ek;gpf
Kfk; Kfk; Kfk; Kfk; Kfk;

KfNkh Kj;njhopy; GupAk; %yf; flTspd; ghtidNahL ntbf;fg; NghFk; ehis vz;zpf;nfhz;bUf;fpwJ ,dpNky; xU Kfk; ,tu;fSf;Ff; fpilf;fhJ vd;w ek;gpf;ifNahL
Kfk; Kfk; Kfk; Kfk; Kfk;
du;
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yjh ftpijfs; yjh ftpijfs; yjh ftpijfs; yjh ftpijfs; yjh ftpijfs; ;;;;; epyT tpOe;Jk; ,Us; jhoplhjpUe;j fUtiwf; fjitj; nky;yj; jpwf;fpwhs; ghQ;rhyp
Kd;gdp nfQ;rpaJ
fhtNy tho;tha; ItUk;
KJfpy; vupe;jJ $e;jy; gLfsk; KbAk; tiu Jhf;fpf; fl;lTk; KbahJ
xUf;fspj;j fjtpd; top xw;iwj; JzpiaAk; eOt tpl;lhs;
tpbay; vq;Fk; tputpf; fple;jd kapu;fs;
.
vickie turner
ePu;N
ehs; jpUk;Gjy;
tpyf;fg;gl K tpyf;fg;gl K tpyf;fg;gl K tpyf;fg;gl K tpyf;fg;gl K
rh

tpyf;fg;gl ;
tpyf;fg;gl tpyf;fg;gl tpyf;fg;gl tpyf;fg;gl Kbahjts; Kbahjts; Kbahjts; Kbahjts; Kbahjts; s;
mtpo;e;j MilfSk; Mwp myu;e;j NjePUk; ,k;kpAk; mirahJ fplf;fpd;wd
,U ehl;fsha; ePu;Njq;fpj; njhq;Fk; kzp thioapy; nfhR te;JNghd RtLk; ,Jtiu ,y;iy
tpupe;J fplf;Fk; jhl;fspd; vOj;Jfs; gbglhJ Nja;fpd;wd
rd;dy; jpiufs; mbf;fb mirtJ jtpu ehs; jpUk;Gjy;
ahUkw;Wf; fplf;Fk; tho;f;ifapy; tUe;j ngupjha; xd;Wkpy;iy
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Page 49
yjh ftpijfs; yjh ftpijfs; yjh ftpijfs; yjh ftpijfs; yjh ftpijfs;
epyk; ngau;e;jts; epyk; ngau;e;jts; epyk; ngau;e;jts; epyk; ngau;e;jts; epyk; ngau;e;jts;
ahUf;Fk; ,y;yhj ghiy Nghu; fisj;J epw;fpwhs; fhsp
kzy; fhw;wpd; ntk;ik thl;Lk; vy;iyaw;w ntspapy; xt;nthU ifaha; tPRfpwhs; xypAld; tpOfpd;w MAjq;fs;
Jhu;thUk; ,ae;jpuq;fspd; ,irapy; ghbr; nry;Yk; gytpjg; ngz;fSk; mts; ntw;Wf; fuq;fspy; nfhbfs; fl;br; nry;fpd;wdu;. gjpndl;Lf; fuq;fspYk; gy ghly;fs;
nrk;ik fise;J tz;zq;fs; G+rpa mtisr; nrd;w ,lnky;yhk; Nfl;ldu; ''ve;j ehl;lts;''
nkd;ikNawpa fuq;fs; typf;f typf;f nfhbfshy; Rw;wpf; fl;bdhs; mjpy; Jg;ghf;fpfs; nrhUfpdhs;
vtUkw;w fly; gug;gpy; jpiz fise;J ePe;Jfpwhs; clnyq;Fk; Gay; Rke;J
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008

;jts; ;jts; ;jts; ;jts; ;jts;
py; k; ;
;fs;
pa
ypf;f y;
Ju;f;if Ju;f;if Ju;f;if Ju;f;if Ju;f;if
fk;rd; Nky; Vwp epw;fpwhs; Ju;f;if ntw;Wf; fhy;fspy; grgrj;jJ kapu; glu;e;j khu;gpd; tpau;it ,jo;filapd; Nty; Ropj;Jr; Rod;wJ ,lJfhy; ngUtpuiy Nehf mOj;jpdhs;
nfhy;yj;jhNd Nghfpwhs;
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Arnold Shives


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Mq;fpyj;jpy; xU gonkhop cz;L. "KjyhtJ jlit eP Vkhw;wg;gl;lhy; mJ Vkhw;wpathpd; jtW. ,uz;lhtJ jlit Vkhw;wg;gl;lhy; mJ cd; jtW." Rkjp rptNkhfdpd; fl;Liuapy; rhpepfhpd; murpay; njhlh;ghd gFjpiag; gbj;jNghJ vdf;F ,e;j thpfs;jhd; Qhgfj;jpw;F te;jd.
Kjy; jilit mth; rhpepfuhy; Vkhw;wg;gl;lJ> gw;wp ,t;thW $Wfpwhh;.
"1990fspd; Muk;g fhyfl;lj;jpy; rhpepfh; ntspte;j fhyj;jpy; ehd; mjid thrpg;gJz;L. gy Mz;Lfshf> gy rkaq;fspy; xU jdpj;j Fuyhf rpq;fs Nghpdthjj;ij vjph;j;J epw;Fk; Fuyhf mike;j MIRJE ,d; jkpo; nkhop Clfkhf rhpepfh; mike;jpUe;jhYk;> rpq;fs kf;fs; kj;jpapy; Af;jpa khj rQ;rpif vd;d gzpiar; nra;jNjh mijj; jkpo; NgRk; kf;fs; kj;jpapy; rhpepfh; nra;Ak; vd;w ek;gpf;ifapd; NghpYk; jhd;. jkpopy; ntsptUk; njhlh;G+lf rhjdq;fs; xUtpj tpkh;rd ghh;itAk; mw;W> fhyj;jpd; Nghf;NfhL ms;Sg;gl;Lg; NghFk; epiyapy; cs;s NghJ rhpepfh; murpay;> fyhrhuk;> nghUshjhuk; Nghd;wtw;wpy; xU khw;W my;yJ tpkh;rd mZFKiwia cz;L gz;Zk; fskhf mikAk; vd;W ek;gpNdd;. mj;Jld; MNuhf;fpakhd xU Nfs;tp vOg;Gk; rf;jptha;e;j FOf;fis jdJ jsj;jpDhlhf fl;bnaOg;Gk; vd;w vjph;ghh;g;Gk; ,Ue;jJ.
"Mdhy; mg;gb ehd; Ntz;baJ eilngwtpy;iy."
,uz;lhtJ jlit mth; Vkhe;jJ gw;wp ,g;gb vOJfpwhh;:
"mz;ikapy; rhpepfh; jpUk;gTk; gpuRhpf;fg;glg; NghfpwJ vd;W mwpe;jNghJ ehd; kpfTk; re;Njhrg;gl;Nld;. ,d;iwa re;jh;g;g
tpthjk; tpthjk; tpthjk; tpthjk; tpthjk; ghh;f;f kWf;Fk; gf;fq;fs;
ukzpjud;
ghh;f;f ukzpjud;
kWf;Fk; gf;fq;fs;
#o;epiyapy gy;tif m gpd;dh;> mt Kf;fpakhfg vOr;rpfs; fz;Nzhl;l xU Gjpa j ,g;Gjpa fz kw;Wk; NtW Nghuhl;lq fUj;J hPjpa vd ek;gpN ,jo;fisA ,t;thwhd vjph;nfhs;S njspthfpa
,e;jf; fl;L Nfs;tp ,J ,g;gbj;jhd Nehf;fj;Jl njhlq;Ffpw ntspte;j rptNkhfd; kl;Lky;yh mj;jid , Mdhy; eh gbf;ftpy;i gbg;gjDl rpy ,jo;fs ntspte;jpU vdf;Fg; g te;jpUf;fpd rpe;jiidi te;jpUf;fpd ehd; epiwa rhpepfh; ehd ehd; xUNg rptNkhfd; vdf;Fr; rpq Af;jpa Mr Af;jpaitA
rh

f;Fk; gf;fq;fs;
f;Fk; gf;fq;fs;
jyhtJ ;wpathpd; ;lhy;
;ghd
hpfs;jhd;
hh;.
fh;
f
fkhf s; gzpiar; ; kj;jpapy; ghpYk;
; mw;W> NghFk;
;>
; xU a cz;L ;gpNdd;. p
w;wp
hpf;fg;glg;
Tk;
#o;epiyapy; fle;j gy Mz;Lfspy; Vw;gl;l gy;tif mDgtq;fspd; gpujpgypg;Gfspd; gpd;dh;> mtw;iwf; fUj;jpw; nfhz;L Kf;fpakhfg; gy;NtWgl;l gpsTfs;> jhf;fq;fs;> vOr;rpfs; Mfpad gw;wpg; Gjpa fz;Nzhl;lq;fis fUj;jpw; nfhz;L rhpepfh; xU Gjpa jpirapy; nry;yyhk; vd epidj;Njd;. ,g;Gjpa fz;Nzhl;lq;fs; mur gyj;jpw;Fk; kw;Wk; NtW Mjpf;fq;fSf;Fk; vjpuhd Nghuhl;lq;fisg; gw;wpa xU $hpa Mokhd fUj;J hPjpahd ghh;itia Kd;itf;f cjTk; vd ek;gpNdd;. Mdhy; rhpepfh; Kjypuz;L ,jo;fisAk; ghh;f;Fk; NghJ mjw;F ,t;thwhd fhyj;jpw;F Ntz;ba rthiy vjph;nfhs;Sk; rf;jpAk; Mw;wYk; ,y;iynad;W njspthfpaJ."
,e;jf; fl;Liuia thrpj;jNghJ vd;Ds; vOe;j Nfs;tp ,Jjhd;. Rkjp rptNkhfd; rhpepfh; ,g;gbj;jhd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lnkd;w Nehf;fj;Jld; Vd; mijg; gbf;fj; njhlq;Ffpwhh; vd;gJ jhd;. ehDk; rhpepfhpd; ntspte;j KjyhtJ ,jo; Kjy; - Rkjp rptNkhfd; Nghy Muk;g fhyq;fspy; kl;Lky;yhky; - 11 Mz;LfspYk; te;j mj;jid ,jo;fisAk; gbj;jpUf;fpNwd;. Mdhy; ehd; ve;j Nehf;fj;JlDk; rhpepfiug; gbf;ftpy;iy. rhpepfhpd; Nehf;fj;ij mijg; gbg;gjDlhf ehd; fz;L nfhz;Nld;. mjd; rpy ,jo;fspy; vdf;Fg; gpbf;fhj tplaq;fs; ntspte;jpUf;fpd;wd. NtW rpy ,jo;fspy; vdf;Fg; gpbj;j tplaq;fs; ntsp te;jpUf;fpd;wd. ,d;Dk; rpy ,jo;fspy; vdJ rpe;jiidiaj; jpwe;J tpl;l tplaq;fs; ntsp te;jpUf;fpd;wd. nkhj;jj;jpy; rhpepfhpy; ,Ue;J ehd; epiwaf; fw;Wf; nfhz;Nld;. mjdhy; rhpepfh; ehd; epidj;jgb tutpy;iyNa vd;W ehd; xUNghJk; vhpr;rYw;wjpy;iy. Rkjp rptNkhfd; $Wk; Af;;jpait ehd; gbj;jjpy;iy. vdf;Fr; rpq;fs nkhop njhpahJ. Mdhy; Af;jpa Mrphpah; Rde;j Njrg;gphpaitAk; Af;jpaitAk; gw;wp cah;thd mgpg;gpuhaj;ij
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ehd; rhpepfh; ClhfNt ngw;Wf; nfhz;bUf;fpNwd;. xU gj;jphpif ,g;gbj;jhd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lnkd;w Nehf;Fld; ehk; gbg;gth;fshf ,Ue;jhy; cyfpy; vq;FNk ehk; gbg;gjw;nfd;W xU gj;jphpifiaf; fz;Lgpbf;f KbAnkd;W vdf;Fj; Njhd;wtpy;iy. xUNtis ehNk mg;gb xU gj;jphpif elj;jpdhy; rpyNtis mJ rhj;jpakhfyhk;. Rkjp mg;gb vq;fhtJ xU gj;jphpif ,Ug;gijr; Rl;bf; fhl;bdhy; vdf;F kpfTk; jpUg;jpahf ,Uf;Fk;.
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rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008


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kNfe;jpudpd; topfhl;Ljypy;   ,e;jpa> jkpof ,af;Fdu;fisg; ghjpj;jpUg;gijg; NghyNt> n`hypTl;> ,e;jpa. jkpofg; glq;fSk; ,af;Fdu;fSk;    jdf;F Kd;ida Njrpa tpLjiyr; r%fq;fspd; rpdpkhtpdhNyh my;yJ INuhg;gpa etajhu;j;jthj rpdpkhtpdhNyh ghjpg;Gg; ngwtpy;iy vd;gJ jhd; me;j Kf;fpakhd mtjhdkhFk;.
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kw;Wk; ,af;Fdu; %tUNk jkpofj;ijr; Nru;e;jtu;fs;. Xspg;gjpthshpd; mofpay; newpAk;> ,af;Fdupd; gpur;rpid Fwpj;j GupjYk;> mtuJ nrhy;newpAk; xU jpiug;glj;jpd; ntspg;ghl;by; Kf;fpakhd gq;F tfpf;fpwJ. ,jidg; NghyNt> "kz;" glj;jpd; xspg;gjpthsUk;> jpiug;glj;jpd; ehafd>; ehafp jtpu;e;j ,uz;L gpujhd ebfu;fSk;> jkpofj;ijr; rhu;e;;jtu;fs;. ,t;tifapy; jkpof xspg;gjpthsuJ mofpay; newpAk; "kz;" jpiug;glj;jpd; ntspg;ghl;by; epr;rakhfNt jPu;khdkhdnjhU ghj;jpuj;ijf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;.
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fhjy; fij. Kd;ndhUehs; te;jNghJ Njhd;wpa fhjypy; tpise;j epidTfSld;> kWgbAk; jdJ  MzpNtu;.
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18 Mz;Lfspd; Kd; Vkhw;wpg; Nghdtd;  tpLjiy Ntl;if vd;gJ gpwpnjhU
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tpLjiy vd;gjid> NtW NtW tpjq;fspy; xLf;fg;gl;ltu;fs;> NtW NtW tpjq;fspy; jhd; Gupe;J nfhs;fpwhu;fs;. ,e;j NtW NtW tpLjiy Nehf;fq;fis ,izj;jjhdnjhU tpLjiyf; fz;Nzhl;lk; cUthf Ntz;bajd; Njitia typWj;jpajhfTk; ehk; "kz;" glj;jpidg; ghu;f;f KbAk;. "kz;" glj;jpd; nrhy;newp vd;gJ> ajhu;j;jKk; kNdhujpaKk; fye;j fyitahfp epw;fpwJ. glj;jpy; ehafd; ehafpf;F ,ilapyhd> fijf;F kpf kpf ikakhd fytpf; fhl;rp> cf;fpukhd ajhu;j;jkhf MfpapUf;f Ntz;Lk;. khwhf.
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rpdpkh rpdpkh rpdpkh rpdpkh rpdpkh
cUz;L Guz;L> kuj;ijr; Rw;wp Xba ghly; fhl;rpahf mJ MfpapUf;fpwJ. ajhh;j;jj;jpw;Fk; kNdhujpaj;jpw;Fk; ,ilapy; jPu;khdp;f;ftpayhj tifapy; ,af;Fdu; gazk; nra;jpUg;gJ glk; neLfj; njupfpwJ.
III
"MzpNtu;" glj;jpy; xU fhl;rpAk;> "kz;" glj;jpyhd xU fhl;rpAk; ek; neQ;ir tpl;L mfyhj tifapy; glk; gpbf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. "MzpNtu;" glj;jpy;> jhd; Njb te;j fhjyd; ,we;J tp;l;lhd; vd Mtzq;fs; njuptpj;j epiyapy;> ehafp ,e;jpah jpUk;gpr; nry;tjw;fhf thfdj;jpy; Vwg; Nghfpwhs;. mtSf;Fg; gpd;dhy; Fz;L ntbf;fpwJ. vq;Fk; fUk;Gif %o;fpwJ. fUk;Gifiaf; fpopj;jgb> kf;fs;; rpjwp XbtUk; jpirf;F vjpu;j;jpirapy; neUg;gpy; Xb kiwe;J> ,uz;L Foe;ijfis ,U iffspy; Ve;jpagb> mtu;fisf; fhg;ghw;WtJ xd;Nw Nehf;fkhf> ,ts; epd;wpUf;fpwhs; vd;fpw gpuf;iQaw;W> ehafdpd; cUtk; mtisf; flf;fpw NghJ> mts; jiuapy; mOjgb> rkNtisapy; kfpo;e;jgb> kz;bapl;L mku;fpwhs;;. "ke;jputakhd jpiug;glj; jUzk;;" mf;fhl;rp. glk; me;jf; fhl;rpapy; Kbe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk; vdj; Njhd;;WfpwJ. ,e;j xU fhl;rp glk; ghu;j;J gy khjq;fs; MfpAk; vd; epidtpy; ciwe;J Ngha; epw;fpwJ.
"kz;" glj;jpd; ,Wjpf; fhl;rp> kuj;;jpy; fl;b itf;fg;gl;l rhjp ntwpaDk;> ,uj;jk; vDk; mstpy; jdJ jfg;gDk; Mdtdpd; jiyf;F Fwpitf;fpwhd; gjpndl;L taJg; gpuhaj;jpdd;. Kftha;f; fl;ilapd; fPo; Kb mUk;gpa me;jf; Foe;ijAk; my;yhj ,isQDk; my;yhj> mOifAk; jplKk; ciwe;j me;j Kfk;> mw;Gjkhf ebj;jpUf;fpwhu; me;j ,isQu;> kwf;ftpayhj tifapy; ekf;F mr;r%l;bagb epw;;fpwJ.
,Ugjhz;L  NtW NtW tifahf epyTk; xLf;FKiw Fwpj;j ,U NtW gpk;gq;fis ,e;j ,UNtW fhl;rpfSk; ekf;Fr; Rl;b epw;fpwJ.   gutrg;gLj tbtkhf> kNdhujpa Kd;itf;f glq;fs;> v
glq;fs; jh epiyj;jpUf irf;fps; jP tu;f;fk; cU ,j;jhypa c capu;fisf kdpjk;; gw mf;fhy fl tho;tpy; j nfhz;bUf tpLjiyf;F fhyfl;lj;j "Ngl;by; M
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NtW ,U NtW ; ekf;Fr;
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jahupf;fg;gl;L tUfpd;wd. ,e;jg; glq;fs; midj;jpYNk> ajhuj;jKk; kNdhujpaKk; rhfrKk; vd ,e;j %d;W gz;GfSk; nfhz;l glq;fs; rkfhyj;jpy; cUthfp tUfpd;wd. mUe;jjpapd; "Kfk;" Gfypl ajhu;j;jj;jpidAk;> Qhdujdpd; "fhw;Wntsp" kw;Wk; Xustpy;; Gjpatdpd; "kz;" Nghd;wd  me;je;j jsj;jpd; gpur;rpidfspd; cs; epd;W> "ajhu;j;jkhd nrhy; newpapy;" nrhy;y Kad;w glq;fshFk;.
jpiug;glj;;jpid> Efu;tjw;fhd xU Neu;j;jpahd gz;lkhf> mofpay; uPjpapy; ghu;itahsidg; gutrg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd> kfpo;tpg;gjw;fhd xU tbtkhf> n`hypTl; nrhy;newpAk;> jkpof kNdhujpa rpdpkhr; nrhy;newpAk; Kd;itf;fpwJ. ,k;khjpupahd nrhy;newpapYs;s glq;fs;> vd;djhd; ,JtiuapYk; jpiuapy;
nrhy;yg;glhj tuyhw;iwAk; gpur;rpidfisAk; jpiuapy; gjpe;jhYk; $l> ,g;glq;fs; ghu;itahshpd; Mj;khTld; ciuahl Kbtjpy;iy.
jpiug;glf; fiyapd; Njhw;wf; fhyj;jpypUe;J> ,d;W tiuapYk; ajhu;j;jg; glq;fs; jhd; mku rpU\;bfshf epd;W epiyj;jpUf;fpwJ. tpl;Nlhpah b rPf;fhtpd; "ig irf;fps; jPt;];"> Ntiyaw;w me;epa khd tu;f;fk; cU thfp te;j xU fhy fl;lj;jpd; ,j;jhypa cjhuzk;. tWikAk; gl;bdp Ak;; capu;fisf; fhT nfhz;l fhyj; jpYk; jisj;j kdpjk;; gw;wpa Nuapd; "gNju; ghQ;rhyp" mf;fhy fl;lj;jpdJ cjhuzk;. md;whl tho;tpy; jk;ikr; Rw;wpYk; capu;fs; kbe;J nfhz;bUf;f> neQ;Ruj;Jld; Njrpa tpLjiyf;Fg; Nghuhba kf;fs; Fwpj;j XU fhyfl;lj;jpd; fhtpak;> nghd;lfhu;Nthtpd; "Ngl;by; Mg; my;[pau;];."

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ghh;f;f kWf;Fk; gf;fq;fs;
ehd; tPo;Ntndd;whYk;> mok
kzpjh;\h kzpjh;\h kzpjh;\h kzpjh;\h kzpjh;\h cynfq;Fk; eilngw;w Gul;rpfu ,af;fq;fspYk;> [dehaf ,af;fq;fspYk; nrayhw;wpa ngz;fspd; vz;zpf;if mstw;wJ. Mdhy; mj;jifa Nghuhl;lq;fspy; gq;F nfhz;l ngz;fspd; gq;fspg;G gw;wp mjpfstpy; ftdk; nrYj;jg;gLtjpy;iy. vy;NyhUNk khtPuh;fisg; gw;wpj;jhd; mjpfk; fijj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwhh;fNs jtpu tPuhq;fidfisg; gw;wpf; fijg;gjw;Fj; jaf;fKs;sth;fshfNt ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. nghJthf ,e;jr; r%ff; fl;Lg;ghl;Ls; ,Ue;J ntspg;gLj;jg;glhkw; Nghd vj;jidNah tPuhq;fidfspd; nraw;ghLfs;
kiwf;fg;gl ngz;fspd khw;wq;fis tpLjiyg; Nghuhl;lq ahUk; kWf Njrpa tpL NtWghLfi gq;F nfhz fSf;fhf m re;jh;g;gq;f tsh;r;rpf;fh Fuy; nfhL
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008

f;Fk; gf;fq;fs;
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kiwf;fg;gl;Ls;sd> kwf;fbf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ngz;fspd; vOr;rp r%f> nghUshjhu khw;wq;fis Vw;gLj;j tpUk;gpa vy;yh Njrpa tpLjiyg; Nghuhl;lq;fSlDk;> [dehafg; Nghuhl;lq;fSlDk; gpd;dpg; gpize;Js;sij ahUk; kWf;f KbahJ. gy re;jh;g;gq;fspy; Njrpa tpLjiyf;fhd Nghuhl;lq;fspy; th;f;f NtWghLfisf; fle;J cah;th;f;fg; ngz;fSk; gq;F nfhz;Ls;shh;fs;. xLf;fg;gl;lth; fSf;fhf mth;fSila Fuy; Xq;fp xypj;j re;jh;g;gq;fs; mNdfk;. ,t;thW r%fj;jpd; tsh;r;rpf;fhf> khw;wj;jpw;fhf. Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;fhff;; Fuy; nfhLj;j> Nghuhba gy ngz;fspd; Fuy;
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rpdpkh rpdpkh rpdpkh rpdpkh rpdpkh
tuyhw;wpypUe;J Jilj;jopf;fg;gl;L tpl;lJ. ,d;W cyfk; KOtJk; cs;s ngz;zpayhsh;fs; ,e;j kiwf;fgl;l tuyhw;iw kPs; fz;Lgpbg;Gr; nra;tjpYk;> tuyhw;iw kPs vOJtjpYk; mf;fiwNahL nraw;gl;L tUfpwhh;fs;.
me;jtifapy; 1923 njhlf;fk; 1942 tiu> Gul;rpf;fhf jdJ capiu nfhLj;j ngz; Gul;rpahspdpAk;> gpNurpypdhy; `pl;yhpd; nfhiyntwpf;F ghprspf;fg;gl;ltUkhd xy;fh ngdhhpNahtpd; tuyhw;wpy; Kbe;J Nghd> kwe;J Nghd> xU mj;jpahaj;ijg; GJg;gpf;Fk; tifapYk;> tuyhw;iw kWthh;g;Gr; nra;Ak; tifapYk; jpiug;glkhf;fpAs;shh; newpahsh; n[kp nkhd;ah;bk;.
ngh;dhz;Nlh nkhwha;]; vd;fpw gpNurpypa Clftpayhsuhy; vOjg;gl;l xy;fh ngdhwpNah vd;w nfhk;a+dp] Gul;rpahspdpapd; tho;f;if tuyhw;W Ehiy wPw;uh g+]hh; jpiuf;fijahf vOjp glj;ijj; jahhpj;jpUf;fpwhh;. (wPw;uh g+]hh; ];ghdpaj; njhiyf;fhl;rpf;fhf fg;hpNay; fhh;rpah khh;f;fpa+]; cld; ,ize;J mnkhNu]; ngh]pgps;]; vd;w njhiyf;fhl;rpj; njhlhpy; gzpahw;wpath;). ,jid newpahs;if nra;Js;shh; gpNurpypd; n[kp nkhd;ah;bk.; ,j;jpiug;glk; 2004 Xf];by; gpNurpypy; jpiuaplg;gl;lJ. mNjNtis ,Nj Mz;L brk;gh; khjk; xy;fh ngdhhpNah gw;wpa tptuzj; jpiug;glk; `hypg; yPw;wdpuhy; vOjp> newpahs;if nra;ag;gl;L N[h;kdpapy; jpiuaplg;gl;bUf;fpwJ.
N[h;kdpapy; xLf;fg;gl;lth;fSf;fhd MjuTf; FuyhfTk;> u\;ahtpYk;> gpNurpypYk; Gul;rpfu Aj;jj;jpy; gq;Fnfhz;ltUk;> nfhk;a+dp];Lkhd xU N[h;kdpa a+jg; ngz;zhd xy;fhtpd;
tho;f;ifA nraw;ghLf Muk;gfhy fz;Kd; e newpahs;i jpiug;glk
N[h;kdpapy je;ijf;Fk jha;f;Fk; 1 xy;fh ngd 15MtJ t ,isQh; N Mz;L jd N[h;kdpa g;Nuhid ( $l) ngh;y jg;gpf;f it
glk; njhl tPo;Ntnd vd;wgb n xy;fhtpd; Njitnad vdf;F vd njhpAk;” v mtsJ J tiu tsk Ngzg;gLf KOikah nraiyAk nra;Ak; n gpNurpypd; fhh;Nyh]; gpNurpypy; xg;gilf;f
gpNurpypd; Yhap]; fh gpNurpypd; ,d;
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tho;f;ifAk;> tPuQ; nrwpe;j mtsJ nraw;ghLfSk; 20Mk; Ehw;whz;bd; Muk;gfhyg; Gul;rpfug; ngz;fis vk; fz;Kd; epWj;Jk; tifapy; rpwg;ghf newpahs;if nra;ag;gl;bUf;fpwJ ,j; jpiug;glk;.
N[h;kdpapy; r%f [dehaf tof;fwpQuhd A+j je;ijf;Fk;> N[h;kdpa cah;th;f;fj;ijr; Nrh;e;j jha;f;Fk; 1908Mk; Mz;L kfshfg; gpwe;j xy;fh ngdhwpNah> 1923Mk; Mz;L jdJ 15MtJ tajpNyNa rh;tNjr nfhk;a+dp] ,isQh; Nguitapy; ,ize;jhs;. 1926 Mk; Mz;L jd;Dila jiyikapy; NguhrphpaUk;> N[h;kdpa nfhk;a+dp];l;Lkhd Njhoh; Xl;Nlh g;Nuhid ( Xl;Nlh g;Nuhd; ,tsJ fhjyDk; $l) ngh;ypd; nkhgpw; rpiwr;rhiyapy; ,Ue;J jg;gpf;f itj;J $l;br; nry;fpd;whs;.
glk; njhlq;Fk; nghONj “ehd; tPo;Ntndd;whYk;> mokhl;Nld; mg;gh” vd;wgb neUg;igj; jhz;Lk; rpW taJ xy;fhtpd; ijhpaKk;> “vdf;F vd;d Njitnad;W vdf;Fj; njhpahJ Mdhy; vdf;F vd;d Njitapy;iynad;W vdf;Fj; njhpAk;” vd;W $wp tPl;il tpl;L ntspNaWk; mtsJ JzpTk;> jplKk; glk; KbtilAk; tiu tsk; Fd;whky; mNj ];jpuj;jd;ikAld; Ngzg;gLfpwJ. Ngr;Rj; jpwikAk;> KOikahd ,uhZtg; gapw;rpAk;> ve;jr; nraiyAk; jhdhfj; jpl;lkpl;Lj; jpwk;glr; nra;Ak; nraw;ghLk; nfhz;l xy;fhtplk;> gpNurpypd; nfhk;a+dp];l;lhd Yhap]; fhh;Nyh]; g;nw];nu]; I ghJfhg;ghf gpNurpypy; nfhz;L Ngha;tpLk; gzp xg;gilf;fg;gLfpwJ.
gpNurpypd; nfhk;a+dp]f; fl;rpapd; jiytuhd Yhap]; fhh;Nyh]; g;nw];nu];; mg;Nghija gpNurpypd; [dhjpgjpahd rh;thjpfhhp thh;fh]; ,d;
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rpdpkh rpdpkh rpdpkh rpdpkh rpdpkh
murhq;fg; gilfSf;nfjpuhf Gul;rpfu eltbf;ifapy;  twpath;fSf;fhfTk; Fuy; nfhLj;jth;;. vq;F nrd;whYk; vy;NyhuhYk; “ek;gpf;ifapd; ek;gpf;if” vd;W miof;fg;gl;lth;. me;jsT jpwik tha;e;j xU jiytUf;F nka;g;ghJfhtyhsp ahfr; nry;Yk; nghWg;ig xy;fh Vw;Wf; nfhs;fpwhs;. 'ePq;fs; ftiyg;glj; Njitapy;iy> ehd; cq;fisg; gj;jpukhf gpNurpypy; nfhz;L Ngha; tpLNtd'; vd;w cWjpnkhop xy;fhthy; toq;fg;gLfpwJ. mtSila JzpTk;> jd;dk;gpf;ifAk; fhh;Nyh]; g;nw];nu];f;F ek;gpf;ifiaf; nfhLf;fpwJ.
,UtUk; jkJ Njdpyit re;Njhrkhff; fopf;fr; nry;Yk; gzf;fhuj; jk;gjpfs; Nghy Ntlkpl;L gpNurpiy Nehf;fpa; gazj;ij Nkw;nfhs;fpwhh;fs;. vy;yhtpjj;jpYNk xj;Jg; NghFk; jd;ikAs;s ,UtUf;fpilapYk; nky;y nky;y fhjy; Vw;gLfpwJ. me;j cwtpidf; $l kpFe;j nkd;ikahd> mofpay; jd;ikAs;s> fijapd; Kf;fpa gFjpfSf;Fg; gq;fk; Vw;glhj tifapy;> ve;jtpj tpurKkw;W vLj;Jr; nrhy;fpwhh; newpahsh;.
,Wjpapy; moFk;> uk;kpaKkpf;f ,yj;jPd; mnkhpf;fhtpd; xU gFjpahd gpNurpYf;F ghJfhg;ghf te;J NrUfpwhh;fs;. Mdhy;
gFjpapy; r ,uhZtK mg;gFjp k
thh;fh]; ep mopj;njho ghh;j;Jf; nf vz;zj;jpw tpLfpwJ. M vq;fSf;fh vd kw;wj; mth;fSf;f eilngWf re;jh;g;gj;jpw $Wfpwhh;fs
Mdhy; g ghh;j;Jf; nf fsj;jpy; , flw;gilA ek;Gfpwhh;. Vw;ghl;bd; Njhw;fbf;f
mLj;J nf jiyth;fi g;nw];nu] milf;Fk nghyp]hU Gul;rpahsh nra;ag;gl;L mth;fsplk jfty;fs; nra;ag;gLf ifg;gw;wg;g g;nw];nu] newpahsh; newpahsh; newpahsh; newpahsh; newpahsh; - - - - - n[kp n[kp n[kp n[kp n[kp nkhd;ah;bk; nkhd;ah;bk; nkhd;ah;bk; nkhd;ah;bk; nkhd;ah;bk;
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008

Yhap]; fhh;Nyh]; g;nw];nu]; ehL jpUk;gpapUf;fyhk; vd;w re;Njfk; nghyp]hUf;F Vw;gLfpwJ. ,t;tplak; thh;fh]{f;Fk; njhptpf;fg;gLfpwJ. Gul;rpahsh;fis mth;fSila kiwtplj;jpypUe;J ntspNa nfhz;L tUk; je;jpukhf gpNurpypd; ej;jy; gFjpapy; rh;thjpfhhp thh;fh]hy; Aj;jj;jpw;fhf ,uhZtKk;> nghyp]{k; Ftpf;fg;gl;L> mg;gFjp kf;fs; kPJ Aj;jk; Vtptplg;gLfpwJ.
thh;fh]; epidj;jJ NghyNt kf;fis mopj;njhopf;Fk; ,e;j Aj;jj;ij ehk; ,dpAk; ghh;j;Jf; nfhz;bUf;f Kbahnjd;w vz;zj;jpw;F g;nw];nui] nfhz;L te;J tpLfpwJ. Mdhy; mJ rh;thjpfhhp thh;fh]; vq;fSf;fhf jahh; nra;j nghwpahf ,Uf;fyhk; vd kw;wj; Njhoh;fs; $Wfpwhh;fs;. mth;fSf;fpilapy; gy tpthjq;fs; eilngWfpwJ. xU rhuhh; rhpahd re;jh;g;gj;jpw;fhff; fhj;jpUf;fyhk; vd;W $Wfpwhh;fs;.
Mdhy; g;nw];nu]; kf;fs; moptijg; ghh;j;Jf; nfhz;bUf;f Kbahnjdf; $wp fsj;jpy; ,wq;fp tpLfpwhh;. ,uhZtKk;> flw;gilAk; jdf;F Mjuthf ,Uf;Fnkd ek;Gfpwhh;. Mdhy; rh;thjpfhhp thh;fh]pd; Vw;ghl;bd;gb Gul;rpg;gil Njhw;fbf;fg;gLfpwJ.
mLj;J nfhk;a+dp];l; fl;rpiar; Nrh;e;j jiyth;fisf; ifJ nra;AkhWk;> Kf;fpakhf g;nw];nu];i] ifJ nra;J rpiwapy; milf;FkhWk; thh;fh]plkpUe;J nghyp]hUf;F cj;juT gpwg;gpf;fg;gLfpwJ. Gul;rpahsh;fs; xt;nthUtuhff; ifJ nra;ag;gl;L> rpj;jputijapd; %yk; mth;fsplkpUe;J kw;wth;fisg; gw;wpa jfty;fs; ngwg;gLfpwJ. vy;NyhUk; ifJ nra;ag;gLfpwhh;fs;. Mtzq;fSk; ifg;gw;wg;gLfpwJ. ,Wjpapy; fhh;Nyh]; g;nw];nu]{k;> xy;fhTk; fhl;bf; nfhLf;fg;gl;L
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rl;lkhdpf; fy;tpiaj; njhlUk; ,th;> Mrphpah;> `l;ld; Nyhay; fy;tpaf eph;thfp vd;W Muk;gpj;J ,d;W nfhOk;gpy; gy epWtdq;fSf;fhd Kfhikj;Jt crhj;Jiztuhfg; gzpahw;WtJld; njhopy; hPjpahfg; gy ehLfSf;Fk; mbf;fb gazk; Nkw; nfhs;gtuhfTk; ,Uf;fpd;whh;.
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1954,y; Xtpah; kQ;Rrphpapd; Xtpaq;fSld; ntspte;j Ehy; In Ceylons Tea Garden. ,e;j EhYf;F Kd;djhfNt gj;kh[pdp> Way Farer (topg;Nghf;fd;) vd;Dk; ,uz;L Ehy;fs; ntspte;jpUe;jhYk; rp.tpf;F xU gutyhd mwpKfj;ijAk;> VNfhgpj;j GfioAk; ngw;Wj; je;j Ehy; In Ceylons Tea Garden vd;w EhNy.
u\;a nkhopapYk; nkhop ngah;f;fg;gl;Ls;s ,e;j Ehiy 1969,y; XtpaUk;> ftpQUk;> ,jopayhsUkhd rf;jp ghyIah jkpopy; nkhop ngah;j;Js;shh;. uh.K.ehfypq;fj;jpd; nra;jpg; gjpg;gfk; “Njapiyj; Njhl;lj;jpNy” vd;Dk; ,k; nkhopngah;g;G Ehiy ntspapl;lJ.
1952,y; ,f;ftpijr; rpj;jpuq;fs; kQ;Rrphpapd; Xtpaq;fSld; ilk;]; xg; rpNyhd; gj;jphpifapy; ntspte;jd. kpfTk; gugug;ghfg; Ngrg;gl;lJ. Njapiyj; Njhl;lk; vd;gJ xU kz;zpd; nfsutj;Jld; kiyehL vd;W Fwpf;fg;gl;lJ ,f;ftpijfs; %ykhfNt. ,f;ftpijfs; Ehyhf ntspte;j NghJ fw;gidAk;> fhe;jKk; kpFe;j mthpd; ftpijfspd; MNtrf; Fuypy; kiyehl;L Viokf;fspd; ,jaj;Jbg;igj; njspthff; Nfl;fyhnkd;W [f;Nkhfd;> gk;gha; ghuj; N[hjpapy; vOjpdhh;. ,yq;if Njrj;jpd; jh$h; vd;W fy;fp ,e;j EhYf;fhd kjpg;Giuapy; vOjpdhh;. `pe;J> ,e;jpad; hptpa+> ghuj; N[hjp> vd;W mq;NfAk;> jkpo; Mq;fpy VLfs;> Nguhrphpah; ifyhrgjp mlq;fyhf ,q;NfAk; VNfhgpj;j tuNtw;Gf; fz;l Ehy; ,J.
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aho;g;ghzg; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpd; KjyhtJ tuyhw;Wg; Nguhrphpauhf ,Ue;j fh. ,e;jpughyh jw;NghJ mT];jpNuypahtpy; tho;e;J tUfpd;whh;. ,th; Tamils In Srilanka - Evolution of an Ethnic Identity vd;Dk; Mq;fpy Ehiy 2005 Mk; Mz;L ntspapl;lhh;. ,jd; jkpo; Mf;fj;ijj; jhNk nra;J 2006Mk; Mz;by; Ehyhf ntspapl;Ls;shh;. ,yq;ifapy; jkpoh; - Xh; ,df;FO Mf;fk; ngw;w tuyhW ngh.M.K 300 - ngh.M 1200 vd;gJ Ehypd; jiyg;G. (ngh.M.K vd;gJ fp.K vdTk; ngh.M vd;gJ fp.gp vdTk; nghUs; ngWk;. ngh.M - nghJ Mz;L.)
,e;Ehypd; cl;nghUs; ,e;Ehypd; cl;nghUs; ,e;Ehypd; cl;nghUs; ,e;Ehypd; cl;nghUs; ,e;Ehypd; cl;nghUs;
Ehypd; mwpKf ciuapy; Ehyhrphpah; jkJ Ehypd; Nehf;fk; gw;wpAk; mjd; cl;nghUs; gw;wpAk; gpd;tUkhW $Wfpwhh;. “,yq;if tuyhw;wpd; njhlf;f Mz;Lfspy; tho;e;j jkpoh; gw;wpAk; ,yq;ifapd; tlf;F> tlNkw;F kw;Wk; fpof;Fg; gFjpfspy; jkpo; NgRk; r%fk; cUthfpa tuyhW gw;wpAk; Ma;T nra;tNj ,e;Ehypd; Nehf;fk;. ,yq;ifj; jkpoh; vd;w ,df;FO cUthfpa tuyhw;Wld; gf;fk; gf;fkhf ,yq;ifapd; gpw gFjpfspy; rpq;fs nkhop NgRk; Xh; ,df;FO cUthfpa tuyhWk; vLj;Jf; $wg;gLfpwJ” (gf; 25 -26). ,q;F Nkw;Nfhs; fhl;lg;gl;l $w;wpd; %yk; gy Kf;fpakhd fUj;Jf;fs; mlq;fpAs;sd. mtw;wpy; ,uz;L fUj;Jf;fs; gpujhdkhdit.
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Ehypd; cl;nghUs; gw;wp vLj;Jf; $wpa gpd;dh; Mrphpah; jkJ Ehypd; mbj;jsf; Nfhl;ghLfshf MW tplaq;fis vLj;Jf; $Wfpd;whh;. jdJ Ma;T KbTfis vl;lhf tFj;Jf; $Wfpwhh;. Mrphpah; $Wk; mbj;jsf; Nfhl;ghLfisAk; Ma;T KbTfisAk; ,r;rpW fl;Liuapy; Muha;jy; ,ayhJ. rpy mbj;jsf; fUj;Jf;fisAk; KbTfisAk; kl;Lk; Fwpg;gpLNthk;. gf;fk; 58
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Kjy; 68tiu cs;s gjpndhU gf;fq;fspy; Mrphpah; ,tw;iw vLj;Jiuf;fpwhh;. thrfh;fs; ,g;gFjpiag; gbj;J Ehypd; fhukhd fUj;Jf;fis mwpe;J nfhs;syhk;. Ma;T KbTfspy; xd;iw kl;Lk; Mrphpah; thh;j;ijfspy; ,q;F vLj;Jf; $WNthk;. “,yq;ifapy; ,Ue;j gy;NtW rpW gz;ghl;Lf; FOf;fisAk;> r%ff; FOf;fisAk; cs;slf;fp ,UngUk; ,df;FOf;fshfr; rpq;fsh; ,df;FOTk;> jkpoh; ,df;FOTk; ghpzhkk; ngw;wik 1200 mstpy; epiwT ngw;wJ vdyhk;. mjd; gpd;dUk; kf;fs; fyg;Gk;> khw;wq;fSk; mz;ikf; fhyk; tiu eilngw;wd. 1200,d; gpd; Gtpapay; mbg;gilapYk; ,U ,df;FOf;fSk; gphpe;J NghtijAk; fhz KbfpwJ” (gf;fk; 68).
Ehypd; cl;nghUshf mikAk; gpujhd fUj;J xd;W ,q;F kPz;Lk; mOj;jk; ngWtij ehk; fhz;fpNwhk;.
,df;FOTk;> ,df;FO cUthf;fKk; ,df;FOTk;> ,df;FO cUthf;fKk; ,df;FOTk;> ,df;FO cUthf;fKk; ,df;FOTk;> ,df;FO cUthf;fKk; ,df;FOTk;> ,df;FO cUthf;fKk;
Ehypd; Kd;DiuapYk;> mwpKf ciuapYk; rh;r;irf;Fhpadthd gy fUj;Jf;fisj; njspthfTk;> RUf;fkhfTk; Ehyhrphpah; vLj;Jf; $Wfpwhh;. ,df;FO vd;w nrhy; gw;wp mth; $Wk; tpsf;fq;fSk; thrfh;fSf;F tpsq;Fk; vr;rhpf;iff; Fwpg;Gf;fSk; Mo;e;J Nehf;Fjw;Fhpad.
“,f;fhyj;jpy; Mq;fpyj;jpy; gutyhf tof;fpYs;s nrhy;yhfpa ethnic vd;w nrhy; Fwpj;J epw;Fk; nghUspNyNa ,e;Ehypy; ,df;FO vd;w nrhy; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. ,df;FO vd;gJ Mq;fpyj;jpy; ethnic group vdg;gLk; FOTf;F kl;Lkd;wp> jkpopy; gue;j xU nghUspy; nghJthf toq;FfpwJ vd;gij kWf;f KbahJ. Mq;fpyr; nrhy; nfhz;Ls;s ,Wf;fkhd FWfpa nghUs; ,df;FO vd;w nrhy;Yf;F ,y;iy vdyhk;.” (gf;fk; 24)
‘,df;FO’ vd;w nrhy; gw;wpa ,lh;g;ghLfisg; gw;wp Mrphpah; nfhz;bUf;Fk; mtjhdk;> epjhd czh;T Mfpatw;Wf;F ,f;$w;W vLj;Jf;fhl;lhFk;. ,df;FO milahsj;jpy; ,U mk;rq;fs; cs;sd. mit.
1. ,df;FO xd;W jdJ Ra milahsk; gw;wpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; vz;zk;. ,jidr; Self perception my;yJ jd;Ndhf;F vdyhk;.
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Kjyhspj;Jtj;jpd; Njhw;wj;jpd; tpisthf cUthdJjhd; ‘,df;FO’ milahsk;. Kjyhspj;Jtj;jpw;F Kw;gl;l r%fq;fspy; ,df;FO milahsk; ,Ue;jjpy;iy vd;w thjj;ij Mrphpah; Vw;Wf; nfhs;stpy;iynad;gij vLj;Jf; fhl;Lk; $w;W ,J. mNj rkak; ,d;W ,Ue;jJ Nghd;w ,df;FO milahsk; 2000 tUlq;fSf;F Kd;gpUe;Nj epiyj;J te;Js;sJ vd;w tifahd thjj;ijAk; Mrphpah; epuhfhpf;fpwhh;. vd;gJk; njspT. Ehypd; cl;fpilahfTk; Mq;fhq;Nf ntspg;gilahfTk; mike;Js;s ,f;fUj;Jf;fisj; njspTgLj;Jtjw;fhfNt ,jid ,q;F Fwpg;gpl;Nlhk;.
xU ,df;FOtpd; jd;Ndhf;F> gpwh; fz;L $Wk; milahsk; vd;w ,uz;bd; Nrh;f;ifahd ,df;FO milahsq;fis Mrphpah; gl;baypl;Lf; fhl;Ltij mLj;J Nehf;FNthk;.
“,df;FO (ethnic group) vdg;gLk; FOTf;Fhpa gz;Gfshf gpd;tUtd gyuhy; Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wd. nghJ tho;tplk;> nghJ Kd;Ndhh;fs;> nghJnkhop> nghJg;gz;ghL my;yJ gof;f tof;fq;fs;> nghJ ek;gpf;iffs; my;yJ rkak;> jk;ik Ntwhf milahsk; fhzy;> jk; FOit NtWgLj;Jk; ngah;> jk; FOtpd; Njhw;wj;ijAk;> tuyhw;iwAk; tpsf;Fk; xU nghJj; Njhw;wk; (my;yJ fl;Lf;fij). ,j;jifa xU
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tiutpyf;fzk; ,yq;ifapd; ,df;FOf;fs; gw;wpa Ma;Tf;F gaDs;sjha; mikfpwJ” (gf; 24 - 25) ‘,yq;ifapd; ,df;FOf;fs; gw;wpa Ma;Tf;F’ ,e;j tiutpyf;fzj;ijg; gaDs;sJ vd;W $Wjy;.
2. ,yq;ifapy; jkpoh; Xh; ,df;FOthf> rpq;fs ,df;FOtpw;F gf;fk; gf;fkhf ePz;l fhykhfNt ,Ue;J te;jdh;.
3. ngh.K.M 1200d; gpd;dh; jkpoh; tlf;F> tlNkw;F> fpof;F Mfpa gFjpfspy; Gtpapay; mbg;gilapy; jkJ tho;tpl milahsj;ij cUthf;fpf; nfhz;ldh; vd;w %d;W fUj;Jf;fis epWTk; Ehyhf fh.,e;jpughyhtpd; Ehy; mike;Js;sJ. ,e;j %d;W fUj;Jf;fSf;Fk; Nenujpuhd fUj;Jf;fisf; nfhz;l xUth; jhd; ,e;jpughyh vd;w jg;ghd mgpg;gpuhak; ,e;j Ehypdhy; mbgl;Lg; Nghtjpdhy; ,d;W jkpo; cyfpy; mjpfk; Ngrg;gLk; tuyhw;W mwpQh;fspy; xUtuhfTk; mth; jpfo;fpwhh;. gbj;jth;fs;> mwpT[Ptpfs; ,d;W xUtiu xUth; fz;L eyk; tprhhpf;Fk;NghJ Nfl;Fk; Nfs;tpfspy; xd;W “Nguhrphpah; ,e;jpughyhtpd; Ehiyg; gbj;jPh;fsh” vd;gjhfNt ,Uf;fpwJ.
Mhpah; tUif Mhpah; tUif Mhpah; tUif Mhpah; tUif Mhpah; tUif
‘Mhpah; FbNaw;wk;’ vd;w epfo;r;rpAld; jhd; ,yq;ifapd; tuyhW njhlq;FfpwJ vd;w ngha;ikia rpq;fs tuyhw;whrphpah;fs; epiy epWj;jp tpl;lhh;fs;. ,e;jg; ngha;ik ve;jstpw;Fg; gy;fiyf;fofg; Nguhrphpah;fs;> Ma;thsh;fs; tiu xU kWj;Jiuf;ff; $lhj fUj;jhf epiyngw;W tpl;lJ vd;gij Ehyhrphpah; tpghpj;Jr; nry;fpwhh;. Ehypd; 27- 58tiuahd gf;fq;fspy; ,J xU Ritahd fij Nghd;W tpghpf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,yq;ifapd; tuyhw;Wf; fy;tpAk;> Ma;Tk; gw;wpa ,e;jf; fij Ehyhrphpahpd; mwpTyf tho;f;ifAld; ,izj;Jk; $wg;gl;bUg;gjdhy; ,e;jg; gFjp kpFe;j Rthurpak; epiwe;jnjhd;whfTk; mike;Js;sJ. Nguhrphpah; guztpjhd ‘Mhpah; FbNaw;wk;’ epfo;r;rpAld; tuyhW Muk;gpf;fpwJ vd;w fUj;Jf;F mjpfhuk; toq;fpdhh;. ,Jgw;wp Ehyhrphpah; ,t;thW vOJfpwhh;.
“,yq;ifapy; ‘Mhpah;’ FbNawpa epfo;r;rpAld; tuyhW Muk;gkhfpaJ vd;w fUj;J Nguhrphpah; guztpjhd ,yq;if tuyhW gw;wp vOJ Kd;dNu epytpa xU fUj;jhFk;. vdpDk; mf;fUj;Jf;F mjpfhuk; toq;Fk; tifapy; Nguhrphpah; vOjpa ‘Aryan Settlements, The Sinhalese’ vd;w mj;jpahak; mike;jJ. mth; ,ij vOjpa gpd; mLj;J te;j
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
kjpg;gPL kjpg;gPL kjpg;gPL kjpg;gPL kjpg;gPL
,UgJ Mz gw;wp vOjpa FbNaw;wk; Kbahjth;f Ma;thsh;f gy;fiyf;fo ngw;wth;fs Mhpak; gw Vw;fg;glhj Mjpfhyj;j $w ,th;fs
guztpjhd Nghf;fpidr kpf mz;i nfhbfl;bg fhl;Lfpwhh;. Mrphpah;fs mlf;ff; $ ngah;fis ahtUk; Ng cUthf;fpa Ehw;whz;bd ,Ue;jdh;. Ma;thsh;f Mjhpj;jJ k Nrh;f;Fk; t vOjyhapd FbNaw;wk;’ te;j Mhpa Mrphpah;fs gf;fj;jpNyA
,d;ndhU Nkw;Fwpj;j ,sk; Ma;t gy;fiyf;fo ngw;wth;fs gy;fiyf;fo fUj;Jf;fs Ma;thsh;f Nkw;F ehl;L tpyfp khWg jaq;ftpy;i njhptpj;jJ
ahh; Kjypy ahh; Kjypy ahh; Kjypy ahh; Kjypy ahh; Kjypy
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,UgJ Mz;LfSf;F Nkyhf ,yq;if tuyhW gw;wp vOjpa ,sk; tuyhw;whrphpah;fs; Mhpah; FbNaw;wk; gw;wpa fUj;ijf; iftpl Kbahjth;fsha; ,Ue;jdh;. ,e;j ,sk; Ma;thsh;fs; nghJthf Nky;ehl;Lg; gy;fiyf;fofq;fspy; Ma;Tg; gapw;rpiag; ngw;wth;fshf ,Ue;jdh;. mg;gy;fiyf;fofq;fspy; Mhpak; gw;wpa ,dthjf; fUj;Jf;fs; Vw;fg;glhjitahf ,Ue;j NghjpYk;> ,yq;ifapy; Mjpfhyj;jpy; Mhpah; FbNaw;wk; eilngw;wJ vd;W $w ,th;fs; jaq;ftpy;iy.” (gf; 32 - 33)
guztpjhdtpdhy; mjpfhuk; ngw;w ,e;jg; Nghf;fpidr; ‘rpq;fs ika mZFKiw’ vd;Wk; kpf mz;ikf;fhyk; tiu ,e;j mZFKiw nfhbfl;bg; gwg;gijAk; Mrphpah; vLj;Jf; fhl;Lfpwhh;. Nkw;Fwpj;j $w;wpy; ‘,sk; tuyhw;W Mrphpah;fs; vd;W Ehyhrphpah; Fwpg;gpLk; gl;baypy; mlf;ff; $bath;fshf gj;Jg; gjpide;J ngah;fis vk;khy; Fwpg;gpl KbAk;. ,th;fs; ahtUk; Nguhjidg; gy;fiyf;fof tuyhw;Wj;Jiw cUthf;fpa Kf;fpakhd mwpQh;fshfTk; 20Mk; Ehw;whz;bd; gpw;gFjpapy; Gfo; ngw;wth;fshfTk; ,Ue;jdh;. ,Ue;J tUfpd;wdh;. ,e;j ‘,sk;’ Ma;thsh;fspy; gyh; guztpjhdtpd; fUj;ij Mjhpj;jJ kl;Lky;yhky; mthpd; fUj;Jf;F muz; Nrh;f;Fk; tifapy; Ma;Tf; fl;Liufis vOjyhapdh;. guztpjhd gjpg;gpj;j Ehypy; ‘Mhpah; FbNaw;wk;’> ‘Mhpah; Gyg; ngah;r;rp’> ‘Gyk; ngah;e;J te;j Mhpah;’ vd;nwy;yhk; vOjpa tuyhw;W Mrphpah;fs; gw;wpAk; Ehyhrphpah; 354Mk; gf;fj;jpNyAs;s gpw;Fwpg;gpNy Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;.
,d;ndhU Kf;fpakhd fUj;ijAk; ,e;jpughyh Nkw;Fwpj;j Nkw;Nfhspy; njhptpj;Js;shh;. ,e;j ,sk; Ma;thsh;fs; Nkw;F ehl;Lg; gy;fiyf;fofq;fspy; Ma;Tg; gapw;rpiag; ngw;wth;fs;. me;j Nkw;F ehl;Lg; gy;fiyf;fofq;fspy; Mhpah; gw;wpa ,dthjf; fUj;Jf;fs; Vw;fg;glhjitahf ,Ue;jd. ,sk; Ma;thsh;fspd; Nkw;ghh;itahsh;fshf ,Ue;j Nkw;F ehl;Lg; Nguhrphpah;fsJ rpe;jidapy; ,Ue;J tpyfp khWgl;l fUj;Jf;fis itf;f ,th;fs; jaq;ftpy;iy vd;Wk; Ehyhrphpah; fUj;Jj; njhptpj;jJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
ahh; ahh; ahh; ahh; ahh; Kjypy; Kjypy; Kjypy; Kjypy; Kjypy; te;jJ? te;jJ? te;jJ? te;jJ? te;jJ? ‘,yq;iff;F ahh; Kjypy; te;jth;fs; vd;w tpthjk; jw;fhy murpay; Nehf;fq;fspd; tpisNtad;wp cz;ik tuyhw;iw mwpa vOe;j tpthjk; MfhJ’ (gf; - 34) vd;W $Wk; Ehyhrphpah; ,yq;ifapd;
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Mjpfhy tuyhW gw;wpa Muha;r;rp jtwhd jlj;jpNyNa nry;yj; njhlq;fpaJ. ‘mwptpay; rhh; Ma;T’ Muk;gk; KjNy Gwf;fzpf;fg;gl;lJ vd;w fUj;ijAk; njhptpf;fpd;whh;. Mhpah; FbNaw;wk; Kjy;> ahh; Kjypy; te;jJ?  mwpKf ciu Mfpa ,U gFjpfSk; tuyhw;W Ma;thsh;fs; kl;Lky;y> r%f tpQ;Qhdj;Jiwapy; mf;fiwAs;s midtUk; gbj;Jg; gad;ngwj;jf;f tifapy; mike;Js;sd. ahh; Kjypy; te;jJ? vd;Dk; gpur;rpid gw;wpa Nkw;Nfhs; xd;iw kl;Lk; Ehypy; ,Ue;J jUfpd;Nwhk;.
“rkfhy murpay; gpur;rpidfs; vt;thW tuyhw;Wf; fUj;Jf;fisg; ghjpf;fpd;wd vd;gjw;F ,yq;ifiag; nghWj;jtiu xU ey;y vLj;Jf; fhl;L ‘ahh; ,e;jj; jPtpy; Kjypy; te;J FbNawpath;fs;?’ vd;w Nfs;tp njhlh;ghd gpur;rpidahFk;. gy;yhapuk; Mz;Lfshf kdpjf; FOf;fs; ,e;epyg;gFjpf;F te;J> gy ,df;FOf;fs; fye;J> kpfTk; gpw;gl;l fhyj;jpy; jw;fhyj;J ,df;FOf;fs; Njhw;wk; ngw;w tuyhw;wpy; ahh; Kjypy; te;jJ vd;W Nfl;gJ mh;j;jkw;wJ.” (gf; - 38)
,yq;ifj; jPtpy; thOk; jw;fhyj;J ,df; FOf;fs; FbNaw;wk; %yk; kl;Lk; ,q;F te;jth;fsy;y. ,e;j ehl;bNyNa ,Ue;j gy ,df;FOf;fspd; fyg;ghy; fhyg; Nghf;fpy; cUthdth;fs; vd;gNj ,e;jpughyh mth;fspd; KbthFk;. jkpo; ,df;FOtpd; Njhw;wj;ij Ma;T nra;tjhapd; ehk; ,w;iwf;F 3000 Mz;LfSf;F Kw;gl;l (fp.K 1000) fhyj;jpw;Fg; gpd;Ndhf;fpr; nry;y Ntz;Lk; vd;W $wp ,yq;ifapd; ehfhpfj;jpd; njhlf;ff; fl;lj;jpw;F Ehyhrphpah; vk;ik mioj;Jr; nry;fpwhh;. ,yq;ifapd; ehfhpfj;jpd; njhlf;f fhyk; vd;W Ehyhrphpah; $Wk; ,e;jf; fhyk; NtW vJTk; my;y. ‘ngUq;fw; gz;ghL’ vd;W gyuhYk; miof;fg;gLk; gz;ghl;ilj;jhd; Ehyhrphpah; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whh;. Mdhy; ,jid ‘ngUq;fw; gz;ghL’ vd;W Fwpg;gpLtJ jtW ‘Mjp ,Uk;Gf; fhyk;’ vd;W $WtNj Vw;Wf; nfhs;sf; $baJ vdTk; $Wfpd;whh;.
xU Gjpa fhyj;jpd; cjak; xU Gjpa fhyj;jpd; cjak; xU Gjpa fhyj;jpd; cjak; xU Gjpa fhyj;jpd; cjak; xU Gjpa fhyj;jpd; cjak;
,w;iwf;F 3000 Mz;LfSf;F Kd; ,e;jpaj; jPgfw;gj;jpy; xU Gjpa fhyk; cjakhfpaJ vd;Wk;>
74
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,f;fhyj;jpy cUthfpan gz;ghl;bd vd;fpwhh;. nj ,g;gz;ghl Nguhrphpah; ] ,g;gz;ghl nrdtpuj;d Ehypd; ,uz gl;baypLf epfo;Tld; t tplaq;fs; ( nrhy;yyhk cUthf;fpa njhlf;fg;gl mj;jpahaj;j $Wfshf t ehd;fhf ti
1. cw;gj;jpj 1. cw;gj;jpj 1. cw;gj;jpj 1. cw;gj;jpj 1. cw;gj;jpj ,Uk;gpd; c kl;ghz;lq fpzW> Fsk ePh;g;ghrdk
2. r%f x 2. r%f x 2. r%f x 2. r%f x 2. r%f x Gjpa FbapU mjpfhpg;gpd FWepy muR
3. th;j;jf 3. th;j;jf 3. th;j;jf 3. th;j;jf 3. th;j;jf gz;lkhw;W Nghf;Ftuj
4. ek;gpf;i 4. ek;gpf;i 4. ek;gpf;i 4. ek;gpf;i 4. ek;gpf;i Gjpa rt m ,it ahTk Kf;fpa $W
Ehypd; rpw Ehypd; rpw Ehypd; rpw Ehypd; rpw Ehypd; rpw
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1. 1. 1. 1. 1. cw;gj;jpj; cw;gj;jpj; cw;gj;jpj; cw;gj;jpj; cw;gj;jpj; njhopy;El;gk njhopy;El;gk njhopy;El;gk; njhopy;El;gk njhopy;El;gk ,Uk;gpd; cgNahfk;> cOtjw;fhd Xh; kl;ghz;lq;fisj; jpUe;jpa Kiwapy; nra;tjw;Fhpa fpzW> Fsk;> mizf;fl;L vd;gtw;iw mikj;J ePh;g;ghrdk; nra;jy;> new;nra;if guTjy;.
2. 2. 2. 2. 2. r%f r%f r%f r%f r%f xOq;fikg;G xOq;fikg;G xOq;fikg;G xOq;fikg;G xOq;fikg;G Gjpa FbapUg;Gfshf Ch;fs; Njhd;Wjy;> cw;gj;jp mjpfhpg;gpd; tpisthf kf;fs; njhif ngUFjy;> FWepy muRfspd; Njhw;wk;.
3. 3. 3. 3. 3. th;j;jf th;j;jf th;j;jf th;j;jf th;j;jf ikaq;fspd; ikaq;fspd; ikaq;fspd; ikaq;fspd; ikaq;fspd; tiyg;gpd;dy; tiyg;gpd;dy; tiyg;gpd;dy; tiyg;gpd;dy; tiyg;gpd;dy; gz;lkhw;W th;j;jfk;> th;j;jf ikaq;fs; cUthjy;> Nghf;Ftuj;jpw;fhf Fjpiu cgNahfpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
4. 4. 4. 4. 4. ek;gpf;iffs ek;gpf;iffs ek;gpf;iffs ek;gpf;iffs ek;gpf;iffs; Gjpa rt mlf;f Kiwfs; ifahsg;gLfpd;wd. ,it ahTk; Mjp ,Uk;G fhyg; gz;ghl;bd; Kf;fpa $WfshFk;.
Ehypd; Ehypd; Ehypd; Ehypd; Ehypd; rpwg;G rpwg;G rpwg;G rpwg;G rpwg;G xU tuyhw;W Ma;T Ehypw;F kh;k ehty; xd;wpd; Ritapid Vw;w KbAkh? KbAk; vd;gjid ep&gpj;Jr; rhjid gilj;Js;s Ehy; ‘,yq;ifapy; jkpoh;’ vd;Dk; Ehy; vd;why; mJ kpiff; $w;wd;W. ,f;fl;Liuapd; njhlf;fj;jpy; Ehyhrphpah; jkJ Ehypd; Nehf;fk; ahJ vdf; Fwpg;gpl;bUg;gijr; Rl;bf; fhl;bNdhk;. ,yq;ifapd; tlf;F> tlNkw;F> fpof;F gw;wp Nehf;fk;. epiwNtwpAs;sJ.
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Jf;fKk; miyr;rYk; epuk;gpa ehl;fspy; vjpu;ghuhj tpjkhf kfpo;r;rpiag; gfpu;tjw;nfd;w khjpupahf te;jpUe;jJ mdhu; ftpijfs; - vdf;Ff; ftpij Kfk;.
jghypy; ,e;jf; ftpijj; njhFg;G te;j NghJ ehq;fs; kPz;Lk; ,lk; ngau;e;jpUe;Njhk;. fbjj;ij jUtjw;fhf jghw;fhuu; vq;fisj; Njb miye;jpUf;fpwhu;. ,lk;ngaupfSf;nfd;W vg;NghJk; epue;ju Kftup ,Uf;f KbahJ. gy];jPdpYk;  XbNa vdJ fhyk; Ngha;f;fope;J tpl;lJ. mdhUk; Nghiu vupr;rYWfpwhu;. mtUf;Fs; ,Uf;Fk; fhjy; nghq;Fk; kdij ,e;jg;Nghu;r; R+oy; nfLj;Jf; fiuj;J tpLfpwJ. mtu; ngz;zhf epd;W ,ij czu;fpwhu;. ngz; czu;ifapd; topahf mij nkhopfpwhu;. ,jpy;jhd; mtu; mjpf ftdj;ijg; ngWfpwhu;. mdhupd; ftpijfs; ngWfpd;w ,lKk; ,jpy;jhd; rpwg;ghfpwJ.
mdhupd; "NkYk; rpy ,uj;jf; Fwpg;Gfs;" ftpij kpfTk; miyf;fopg;gjhapUf;fpwJ. me;jf; ftpijf;Fs; frpe;J nfhz;bUf;fpw FUjp> thrpg;gpd; gpd;dhd jUzq;fspy; "rhtpd; jlakha; vd;idg; gpd; njhlu;e;J nfhz;Nl ,Ue;jJ" . mf;ftpijapy; eprg;jkha;
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tpRk;gpf; nfhz;bUf;fpw ngz;ikapd; RtLfs; td;Kiwf;nfjpuhd typikahd gpujpapay; eltbf;iffshFk;.  ngz;ik vd;fpw dichotomyia - vd;gjpypUe;Nj ngz; ika murpaYk; mjw;fhd ftpijapaYk; (feminist politics and it ‘s poetics) fl;lika KbAk;. tpj;jpahrq;fis czu;jy;> ntspg;gLj;Jjy; vd;W tUifapy; mdhu;
Kf;fpakhdtu;. jdJ tpj;jpahrj;jpd; ,Ug;ig rhuhk;rg;gLj;JjypD}lhfNt mtu; fl;likf;fpwhu; (essentialising).
MdhYk; $l> Mz; GidTf;F vjpuhd vjpu;g;Gidtha; Fwpj;j rhuhk;rg;gLj;Jjy; mike;J Nghtjhy;> xNu rkaj;jpy; mJ Rik ePf;FtjhfTk; mtrpakhdjhfTk; ,Uf;fpwJ (fhz;f: "ik" njhFg;gpYs;s "gUtfhyq;fisr; R+bj;jpupAk;" ftpij) mdhupd; ftpijg; ngz; "tpyfp epw;gts;". mts; nrhy;fpwhs;:
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ifahs;tij ,q;F Fwpg;gpl Ntz;Lk;. "NkYk; rpy ,uj;jf; Fwpg;Gfs;" ftpijapy; tUfpw khj cjpuk; gw;wpa rq;NfjNk mf;ftpijapd; "ngz;ik"ia kPs;typAWj;jpf; nfhz;baq;Ffpw xd;wha; mikfpw jdJ tpj;jpahrq;fisf; nfhz;lhl mtu; Kay;tJ kfpo;r;rp jUfpw tplak;. ngz;zpa murpaypYk; ftpijapaypYk; "nfhz;lhl;lk;" vd;gJ kpf mtrpakhd MAjk;. "ehd; ghly;> vdf;Ff; ftpij Kfk;" vd;nwOJfpwhu; mdhu;.
,t;thW mdhupd; NkYk; rpy ,uj;jf;Fwpg;Gfs; ftpijiag; gw;wpAk; mtUila gilg;gpaiyg; gw;wpAk; nrhy;fpwhu;; `upfuru;kh. me;j msTf;F mdhupd; czu;TyfKk; mDgtg;gug;Gk; epfo;fhyj;jpd; nfhe;jspg;ghd epiyikfshy; fhakile;J fd;wpAs;sJ. gjw;wk; epiwe;j ehl;fspy; thOk; ftp mdhu;. mtUila ftpijfspYk; ,e;jg; gjw;wKz;L. neUf;fbAz;L. tho;T erpAk; JaUz;L. mj;Jld; ngz;zhapUj;jypd; tpisthfg; ngWk; mDgtj;ijAk; mtu; gfpu;fpwhu.;; mJTk; ngz; nkhopapy;.
`upfuru;kh nrhy;tijg;Nghy ngz;Zliyf; nfhz;lhLjy;> ngz; epiyg;gl;l gbkq;fisf; nfhs;Sjy; vd;gjpypUe;Nj ,e;j gilg;gpaf;fj;jpd; typik jpus;fpwJ. ngz;Zliyf; nfhz;lhLjy;> ngz; czu;itf; nfhz;lhLjy;> ngz;nkhopiaf; nfhz;lhLjy; vd;W ,e;j typikapd; tpupjsk; ngUFfpwJ. ,q;Nf ngz; jd;idj;jhNd mq;fPfupf;fpwhs;. jd;idj;jhNd epWTfpwhs;. jhd; NknyOe;J tUfpwhs;. mdhupd; gy ftpijfspYk; ,e;j mk;rk; cs;sJ. mtUila gpuf;iQapd; ,aq;Fjsk; mj;jifa epiyapNyNa cUthfpAs;sJ.
mdhu; ngz;ftp. mjpYk; K];ypk; ngz;ftp. rpyNtis ,g;gb ngz;ftp vd;W jdp milahsj;ij itg;gJ jtwhfTk; mdhtrpakhfTk; gLfpwJ. rpyNghJ mJ jtpu;f;f KbahJ. fl;lhak; vd;Wk; Njhd;WfpwJ.
mg;gb itj;Jg; ghu;g;gjDhlhfg; gyGjpa gpuNjrq;fisAk; Mo;epiyfisAk; mwpayhk; vd;Wk; gLfpwJ. mNjNtis ngz;ftp vd;W gpupg;gjDhlhf rhu;G epiy mZFKiw Vw;gl;LtpLNkh vd;Wk; gLfpwJ. ,JNt xU jj;jspg;Gj;jhd;. jPuhj jj;jspg;G. r%f tpyfy;fSk; Vw;wj;jho;TfSk; cUthf;fpa jtWfshy; ,g;NghJ ,g;gb ehk; fple;J vy;yhtw;Wf;Fkhf jj;jspj;Jf;
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mdhu; ,e neUf;fbfs jd;Dila gpujpfspYk neUf;fbfs khw;whd m nfhs;syhk
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Kjy; njhF ,uz;lhtJ mtu; mU NgRtijg Kiwiki
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mdhu; ,e;j khjpupahd gpur;rpidfs;> neUf;fbfs; vy;yhtw;iwAk; vjpu;nfhz;Nl jd;Dila ftpijfis vOJfpwhu;. mdhupd; gpujpfspYk; mtUila ciuahlypYk; ,e;j neUf;fbfspd; jhf;fj;ijAk; mjw;nfjpuhd> khw;whd mtUila epiyg;ghl;ilAk; Gupe;J nfhs;syhk;.
,g;NghJ "vdf;Ff; ftpij Kfk;" vd;w mtUila ,uz;lhtJ ftpij E}y; te;jpUf;fpwJ. Kjy; njhFjp "Xtpak; tiuahj J}upif" 2004 ,y; ntspahdJ. ,e;j ,uz;L njhFjpfspd; gpujpfSf;Fkpilapy; mdhupd; ftpijnkhopapy; epiwa khWjy;fs; epfo;e;jpUf;fpd;wd. nrhy;Kiw> czu;Kiw> mtUila ghu;it> fUj;J> nkhop vy;yhtw;wpYk; khw;wq;fSk; Kjpu;r;rpAk; Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. njhlu; gazj;ij epfo;j;Jk; gilg;ghspfsplj;jpy; vg;NghJk; ,j;jifa gbkyu;;r;rpiaAk; Kjpu;r;rpiaAk; fhzyhk;.
Kjy; njhFjpapy; mtu; nra;fpw gpufldq;fis ,uz;lhtJ njhFjpapy; nra;atpy;iy. gjpyhf mtu; mUfpUe;Jk; cs;spUe;Jk; NgRtijg;Nghy Njhd;Wk; ftpahf;f Kiwikiaf; ifahs;fpwhu;.
Mdhy; mtUila mDgtj;jpy; jpuz;bUf;Fk; gpur;rpidfs; Fwpj;j gjpTfis mtu; tpl;Ltpltpy;iy. mtw;iw ,g;NghJ ntF rhku;j;jpakhfTk; ,ay;ghfTk; gf;FtkhfTk; nrhy;y Kidfpwhu;. mikjpnahypf;Fk; ftpijfshf jkpo;g;gug;gpy; ,e;jf; ftpijfisj; jUk; mdhu; mtw;wpDs;Ns jdJ jPtpuj;ij Fiwahky; gupkhWfpwhu;. mtUila murpay; kdpj Nkd;ik Fwpj;jJ. mjw;fhd mwj;ij
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Page 77
typAWj;JtJ. mijf; NfhUtJ. rpW tl;lq;fs;> tisaq;fSf;Fs; rpf;fptplhjJ. ,J ,d;iwa  milahsk; ,e;jj; njhlu;r;rpapy; xU Kf;fpa Gs;spahfTk; tpyfpj; njupAk; jdpj;j NfhlhfTk; cs;sJ. nkd; nrhy; Kiwapy; jPtpu kd epiyia Vw;gLj;Jk; ,ay;G nfhz;l ftpahf;fj;jpwd; nfhz;ltuhf mdhu; ,Uf;fpwhu;.
"xU fhl;lhW xU NguUtp xU Mof;fly; xU mil kio ePu; ehd; fUk; ghiw kiy gRk; tay; ntsp
xU tpij xU fhL epyk; ehd; ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ehNd Mfhak; ehNd mz;lk; vdf;nfd;d vy;iyfs; ehd; ,aw;if ehd; ngz;" (ehd; ngz;) (ehd; ngz;) (ehd; ngz;) (ehd; ngz;) (ehd; ngz;)
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ngz;iz mk;rq;fsh ngz; kdK vy;iyaw;w fhaq;fspd gpd;dhYk; NguhwhfTk fhlhfTk; fhakhfTk jd;id cz
xLf;fg;gl; r%fq;fspd mdhUf;FK re;jpf;fpd;w murpay; uP tiuaiwf khDl tpL mf;fiwah El;gkhd mJ ngz rpiwapLtJ Ngrtpy;iy gpur;rpidf vd;gJ ,q
"thdtpy; kiyfspd nksdk; F ... ... ... ... .. ... ... G+q;nfhj;J tz;zj;Jg fdhf;fhy cdf;Fr; r (tz;zj;J (tz;zj;J (tz;zj;J (tz;zj;J (tz;zj;J
"ehshe;jk epidTk; k ifjtwpr; r jiyf;F Nk my;yJ nt vt;tpjkhf ehd; Njhd cdf; nfj vt;Ntis (,y;yhj x (,y;yhj x (,y;yhj x (,y;yhj x (,y;yhj x
ngz;zpd; nra;ag;gL ,Uf;fpwJ. ,j;jifa gug;gpYk; r

ngz;iz mtu;; Ngupaw;ifapd; mk;rq;fshfNt fhZfpwhu;. ngz;ZlYk; ngz; kdKk; ,e;j ,aw;ifapd; mk;rNk. mJ vy;iyaw;wJ. tpupTk; MoKk; $baJ. vy;yhf; fhaq;fspd; gpd;dhYk; vy;yh mopTfspd; gpd;dhYk; capu;g;Gld; jpuz;nlOtJ. NguhwhfTk; Mo; flyhfTk; ntspahfTk; fhlhfTk; kiyg;ghiwahfTk; tpijahfTk; fhakhfTk; fhw;whfTk; neUg;ghfTk; mtu; jd;id czu KbfpwJ.
xLf;fg;gl;l ehLfspd; my;yJ xLf;fg;gl;l r%fq;fspd; ftpfs; vjpu;nfhs;fpw rthy;fs; mdhUf;FKz;L. mjpYk; ngz;ftpfs; re;jpf;fpd;w mj;jid typfSk; ,lu;fSk;. murpay; uPjpahf mtUila ghu;it nghJ tiuaiwf;Fs; ,Ue;jhYk; cyF jOtpa> khDl tpLjiy jOtpa NerkhAk; mf;fiwahAk; ,Uf;fpwJ. Gjpa cyfj;jpd; El;gkhd tiyaikg;GfisAk; nghwpfisAk; mJ ngz;fis ,d;ndhU jsj;jpy; rpiwapLtJ gw;wpAk; mdhu; mjpfk; Ngrtpy;iyj;jhd;. Mdhy;> mtUf;Fs;s gpur;rpidfis mtu; nrhy;yj; jaq;ftpy;iy vd;gJ ,q;Nf Kf;fpakhdJ.
"thdtpy; gbe;J cUfpf; fplf;Fk; kiyfspd; njhd;kg; Gijay;fspy; nksdk; FUjp nrhl;l xspe;jpUf;fpNwd; ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... G+q;nfhj;Jfspy; Jspu;j;Jj; NjD}Wk; tz;zj;Jg; G+r;rpapd; gpukhz;lkhd fdhf;fhy ftpij ehndd;gjpy; cdf;Fr; re;NjfkpUf;fpwjh ,dpAk;" (tz;zj;Jg; G+r;rpapd; fdhf;fhyf; ftpij) (tz;zj;Jg; G+r;rpapd; fdhf;fhyf; ftpij) (tz;zj;Jg; G+r;rpapd; fdhf;fhyf; ftpij) (tz;zj;Jg; G+r;rpapd; fdhf;fhyf; ftpij) (tz;zj;Jg; G+r;rpapd; fdhf;fhyf; ftpij)
"ehshe;jk; vz;zq;fs; itj;J epidTk; kwjpAk; MLfpw R+jhl;lk; ifjtwpr; rpjwpg;Nghfpw NjePu;f; Ftis jiyf;F Nky; kpje;J tUfpw G+r;rpwF my;yJ ntWk; mirtw;w xU ntsp vt;tpjkhfTk; ehd; Njhd;wpapUf;fTk; $Lk; cdf; nfjpupy; vt;NtisAk; gprfhky;" (,y;yhj xd;W) (,y;yhj xd;W) (,y;yhj xd;W) (,y;yhj xd;W) (,y;yhj xd;W)
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mdhUila ftpkdk; md;Gk; gupTk; NerKk; fUzAk; epuk;gpaJ. mtuplk; td;kdJ ,y;iy. mtUila nkhopapYk; nkhopgpYk; td;dpay;gpy;iy. Mdhy; jPu;khdq;fSz;L. typikAz;L.
fhw;iwj; jpd;d tpLfpNwd; vd;id vd; fz;fis Fspu;e;j mjd; fd;dq;fis tUbNdd; .... (fhw;wpd; (fhw;wpd; (fhw;wpd; (fhw;wpd; (fhw;wpd; gpufhrk;) gpufhrk;) gpufhrk;) gpufhrk;) gpufhrk;) Ngupaw;ifahf tpupe;jpUf;Fk; G+kpapy; vy;yhtw;iwAk; mtu; rpNefk; nfhs;s Kidfpwhu;. me;jr; rpNefk; xU ngUq;fhjyhfg;gputhfpf;fpwJ. mJ kdpjuplj;jpYk;jhd;. ,aw;ifapdplj;jpYk;jhd;.
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ngz;zpd; Nrjp> ngz; milahsk; ,ay;ghd xd;nwd;W czu;j;Jk; vspa> El;gkhd tupfs; ,it. ,JNt mdhu;.
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tuTtuTtuTtuTtuT
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fhydpa fhyf; fy;tpf;nfhs;if mwpTj;jpul;rpf;F Nkw;F Nehf;fpf; iffis ePl;Lk; NghJ %d;whtJ fz; mwpTj;jpwd; nraw;ghl;Lf; FO mjw;F khw;whf cs;@h; mwpit jpul;LtjpYk;> kPSUthf;fk; nra;tjpYk;> r%f tsh;r;rpf;F me;j mwpit gadhf;Ftjw;Fkhd Kaw;rpfspy;  (rPyhKidf; $j;J kPSUthf;fk; - mDgtg;gfph;T - Vl;lz;zhtpahh; nr.rptehafk;> $j;J kPSUthf;fk; Nfhl;ghLk; nraw;ghLk;> - nfshP];tud;) ehlfk; Fwpj;j ,uz;L Ehy;fisAk; ( ngz;fSk; kdpjh;fs; vd;Wzu... - J.nfshP];tud;> j.tpNtfhde;juhrh> gps;is mOj fz;zPh;- rp.n[arq;fh;> ftpij Ehy;fs; ,uz;ilAk; (Kbtpy;yhg; Ngr;Rf;fs;- fp.fiythzp> g+r;rpfs;> kPd;fs;>gwitfs;> tpyq;FfSld; ehq;fSk; tho;Nthk; - thRfp) fphp[h vd;fpw rpWth; fij EhiyAk; (rp.n[arq;fh;)> rz;zuJ fy;tpapay; muq;F (rp.n[arq;fh;) vd;w EhiyAk; mJ ntspapl;bUf;fpwJ.
,it jtpu Kis vd;fpw rpWth;fSf;fhd rQ;rpif xd;iwAk; ntspapl;L tUfpwJ. ,r;rQ;rpif eyd;Ghp epiyaq;fspy; thOk; rpWth;fSld; ,ize;Nj jahhpf;fg;gLtJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. %d;whtJ fz; vd;fpw nra;jp kliyAk;> ,e;jr; nraw;ghLfs;midj;Jk; Mq;fpyj;jpYk; gjpT nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;fpw Nehf;Fld Third Eye vd;fpw Mq;fpy nkhop %y rQ;rpifiaAk;> tiyg;gjpitAk; elhj;jp tUfpwJ ,e;j %d;whtJ fz; mwpTj;jpwd; nraw;ghl;Lf; FO.
kf;fs; Nghuhl;lj;jpy; Kf;fpakhd mwpTj;jpwd; Muk;gpj;jpUg;gJ jq;fis gq;Fz;L. nraw;ghl;Lf; ,j;jifa jisfspypUe;J gad;kpf;fJ.
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Gjpa ftpiQfis milahs ClWtpd; ,U njhFg;Gfs;
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tpUk;Gtij Mghrk; xg tl;lj;jpDs mlf;fp tpL Nky; Mz jpwikfis vLj;Jf; fhl;L KfkhfTk;
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me;j tifapy; rhp gpio> ey;yJ> $lhJ vd;gjw;fg;ghy; vy;NyhUf;Fk; fsk; mikj;Jj; jUk; Kaw;rpia ClW Nkw;nfhz;Ls;sJ. ,e;j ,uz;L ftpijj; njhFg;GfspDhlhfTk; ehk; gy ftpiQfisAk;> mth;fSila vOj;Jf;fisAk; mwpAk; tha;g;Gf; fpl;bAs;sJ. Fwpg;ghf kiyafg; ngz; vOj;jhsh;fisg; gw;wp ehk; mwpe;J nfhs;tjw;fhd tha;g;ghf ,ir gpopag;gl;l tPiz njhFg;G mikfpwJ. ,e;jj; njhFjpapDhLjhd; kiyafj;jpy; rkfhyj;jpy; ,t;tsT ngz; ftpQh;fs; vOjpf; nfhz;bUg;gJk; njhpa tUe;Js;sJ. ,g;gbahd xU Kaw;rpia ClW Nkw;nfhz;bUg;gJ NkYk; gy vOJk; ngz;fis ekf;F milahsk; fhl;l cjTk; vd ek;GfpNwd;.
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epfo;Tfs; epfo;Tfs; epfo;Tfs; epfo;Tfs; epfo;Tfs;
rl;lehjdpd; Gjpath;fs;: tho;f;ifia MNkhjpf;Fk; fi
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rgh n[auhrh jdJ jiyikAiuapy;> ,d;W ek;kpilNa vOjpf; nfhz;bUg;gth;fspy; ,Uth; Kf;fpakhdth;fs;. xUth; rl;lehjd;> kw;wth; rhe;jd;. vOj;jhsh; rl;lehjDila ,e;j rpWfijj; njhFjp mtuJ ehd;fhtJ njhFjpahFk;. Vw;fdNt khw;wk;> cyh> rl;lehjd; fijfs; vd;w rpWfijj;; njhFjpfis ntspapl;Ls;shh;. mth; rkPgfhyj;jpy; vOjpa fijfisAk;> mjw;F Kd;ida njhFjpfspy; ,lk;ngwhj fijfisAk; Nrh;j;J ,e;jj; njhFjpia ntspapl;Ls;shh; vd;whh;.
Ehy; gw;wp ciuahw;wpa kJ#jdd; jdJ ciuapy;>  Fwpg;ghf rpWfijj;Jiwapy; jdf;nfd xU jdpj;j ghzpapy; vOjpf nfhz;bUf;Fk; xU rpyhpy;
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rpWfijfspy; ehk; fhzyhk gilg;ghf;fw; nrOikiaA gy;NtWgl;l Gjpa Gjpa Nfhzq;fspy; cs;Nehf;fpg;
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pd; Gjpath;fs;: fia MNkhjpf;Fk; fijfs;!
ghh;f;fpd;w KiwikAk; mtuJ rpWfijfspd; rpwg;G. n[afhe;jd;> [hdfpuhkd;> u\;a vOj;jhsuhd md;ud; nrf;Nfht; Nghd;wth;fSila vOj;Jf;fspd; tsk; rl;lehjdpd; ghh;itiaAk;> vOj;ijAk; gz;gLj;Jtjw;Fk;> tsg;gLj;Jtjw;Fk; nghpjstpy; Cf;fpahf ,Ue;jpUf;fpwJ vd;gijAk; ehk; ,tUila gilg;Gf;fspDhlhf ,dq; fhz KbfpwJ.
mJ kl;Lky;y rl;lehjdpd; gilg;GfspNy jhthzp vd;w fpuhkk;> me;jf; fpuhkj;J kz; thrid> me;jf; fpuhkj;J kdpjh;fnsy;yhk; kpf El;gkhfg; gjpthfpAs;shh;fs;. Fwpg;ghf 1930>1940>1950>1960fs; vd fhyfl;l hPjpahf me;jj; jhthzpf; fpuhkj;jpd; ghpzhkj;ijj; jd;Dila gilg;Gf;fspy; ntspf; nfhzh;e;jpUf;fpwhh;. xU vOj;jhsndd;w tifapy;> ntw;wpfukhdnjhU gazj;ijj;jhd; mth; nra;fpwhh;. vd;gijg; gpd;Ndhf;fpg; ghh;f;fpd;w NghJ fzpf;ff; $bajhf ,Uf;fpd;wJ vd;whh;.
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vspikahdJ. rl;lehjd; jd;Dila fij efh;j;jYf;F Vw;wthW ftpijj;jdkhf jd;Dila fijfisr; nrhy;ypf; nfhz;L tUk;jd;ik ngw;wth;. ,e;jj; njhFg;gpYs;s ngUk;ghyhd fijfs; ghypay; jd;ikfisf;
nfhz;litahf ,Uf;fpd;wd. Mdhy; ve;jtpj tpurKkpy;yhky; mofhf mit vLj;jhsg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd. mtyq;fs; ngUfpf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;w ,d;iwa
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,J Nkhfdjhrdpd; $j;Jg; gw;wp vOjpa vOj;Jf;fspd; njhFg;ghFk;. ,th; vkJ khztuhf ,Ue;J> ez;guhf kyh;e;J Ez;fiyj;Jiwapy; cld; gzpahw;wpath; vd Nguhrphpah; nksdFU jdJiuapy; njhptpj;Js;shh;.
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 jd; gjpdhwhtJ tajpy; fdlhTf;Fg; Gyk; ngah;e;jth;. h;f;fhy mtyq;fspdJk;> Gyk; ngah; tho;tpd; miyf;fopjy;fspdJk; sd rhl;rpakha; tpsq;Ftd ,tuJ ftpijfs;.
p vOjpa vOj;Jf;fspd; ,Ue;J> ez;guhf kyh;e;J w;wpath; vd Nguhrphpah; hh;.
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;fq;fs;: 67 piy: &gh 150.00


Page 83
vy;yh tpLjiyiaAk; vy;yh tpLjiyiaAk; vy;yh tpLjiyiaAk; vy;yh tpLjiyiaAk; vy;yh tpLjiyiaAk; gw;wpg; NgRjy; gw;wpg; NgRjy; gw;wpg; NgRjy; gw;wpg; NgRjy; gw;wpg; NgRjy;
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,t;thW ftpQu; rp.rptNrfuj;jpd; "fy;nywpJ}uk;" vd;Dk; ftpij E}y; ntspaPL fle;j 05-01-2008e; jpfjp rdp khiy nfhOk;Gj; jkpo;r; rq;fj;jpy; eilngw;w NghJ jiyik tfpj;Jg; Ngrpa rp.td;dpaFyk; Fwpg;gpl;bUe;jhu;.
NkYk; mtu; NgRifapy; "GwehD}w;Wf; fhyj;jpy; Gytu;fs; NguopT jUk; Aj;jq;fisg; Nghw;wpg; ghbaJ Nghd;W rkfhyj;jpy; Clfq;fs; mf; ifq;fupaj;jpy;  ghly; tbtj;jpYk;> trdg; ghq;fhditahfTk; mike;Js;sd. Rdhkp> Nghu;> r%fk;> mofpay; Nghd;w tplaq;fs; ifahsg;gl;Ls;sd. "Nfshky; te;j fly;" vd;w ftpij Nrhfkhfj; njhlq;fp ek;gpf;ifNahL tho;it vjpu;nfhs;tjhf mikfpwJ. "flypd; mf;fiu NghNdhNu" vd;w ftpij Gyk;ngau;e;j kf;fs; kPjhd tpku;rdkha; mikfpwJ. "jhAs;sk;" vd;w ftpij rNfhjuu;f;fpilapyhd nfhiy ntwp czu;Tf;nfjpuhd kW rpe;jidia J}z;Ltjha; cs;sJ. nra;Ashf> tuptupahf kl;Lkd;wp etPd ftpijiag; ge;jp ge;jpahfTk; vOjyhk; vd;wthWk; ftpij ,e;Ehypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ. "vjpupapd; KWty;" vd;w ftpijnaOg;Gk; Nfs;tpf;F "fy;nywpJ}uk;" ftpij tpilahf mikfpd;wJ. vdpDk; gy];jPdr; rpWtiu Vd; jiyg;ghfTk; Kd; ml;ilapYk; ntspg;gLj;jpAs;shu; vd;w tpdhitAk; njhLj;J jdJ fUj;Jiuia epiwT nra;jhu;.
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epfo;Tfs; epfo;Tfs; epfo;Tfs; epfo;Tfs; epfo;Tfs; fUj;Jiu toq;fpa vk;.kA+ud; "ehd;
Vw;Giuia ,e;E}Yf;fhd tpku;rdj;ijr; nra;a
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mJ vy;yh neLf;Fkhd vdJ thrpg;igNa gfpu;e;J
nfhs;s Nt nfhs;s tpUk;Gfpd;Nwd;. ftpQu; rptNrfuj;jpd;;
vt;thW Ng vy;yh ftpij E}y;fisAk; thrpj;Js;Nsd;.
Nghy rhjpa 1996,y; ntspte;j "Nghupd; Kfq;fs;" -
,Ug;gij 2008,y; ntsptUk; "fy;nywpJ}uk;" Mfpad
xLf;FKiw Nghu; gw;wpAk;> Njrpag; gpur;rpid gw;wpAk;
xLf;FKiw NgRfpd;wd. nkhop Clfj;ijj; Njitf;Nfw;g
vg;gbapUg gad;gLj;Jfpd;Nwhk;. mjhtJ fUtpahf>
khw;Wtjhy MAjkhf my;yJ Xu; cgfuzkhf ftpij
fw;G vd;w vd;w tbtk; te;J tha;f;fg; ngWfpwJ.
vd;W jdJ ftpijj; njhFg;G vd;W kl;Lk; ntWkNd ,jidr; nrhy;tjpy; vdf;F cld;ghby;iy. gy
,e;E}y; nt kzp Neukhf tpthjpf;ff; $ba fld; gw;wpa
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ftpijfs; czu;Tfis ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;wd. mf epiy
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,e;E}y; ntspaPl;by; njhlf;fTiuia Nrh.Njtuh[hTk; ed;wpAiuia khit tNuhjaDk; epfo;j;jpdu;. ,e; epfo;tpy; muq;f Mw;Wifahf Ie;J ftpijfs; epfo;j;jg;gl;ld. ,e; epo;tpy; kJtu;kd;> Rjhfu;> uh[p rlNfhgd;> Nrh.Njtuh[h> fyhy\;kp MfpNahu; gq;Fgw;wpdu;.
,e;EhypYs;s ,Ugj;jpehd;F fl;LiufSk;  Kf;fpakhd Kd;Ndhbfs;> MSikfs; rpyh; Fwpj;Jk;> gpuNjr
mbg;gilapYk; Nfhl;ghl;L epiyapYk; nghJg; ghh;itapYk;  ,y;yk;> ,y;yk;> ,y;yk;> ,y;yk;> nfhOk;G nfhOk;G nfhOk;G nfhOk;G nfhOk;G gf;fq;fs;: gf;fq;fs;: gf;fq;fs;: gf;fq;fs;: gf;fq;fs;: 220 220 220 220 220 tpiy: tpiy: tpiy: tpiy: tpiy: &gh &gh &gh &gh &gh 500.00 500.00 500.00 500.00 500.00 fy;tpapd; fy;tpapd; fy;tpapd; fy;tpapd; fy;tpapd; etPd etPd etPd etPd etPd nry;newpfs; nry;newpfs; nry;newpfs;
nry;newpfs; nry;newpfs; Nrh.re;jpuNrfud; Nrh.re;jpuNrfud; Nrh.re;jpuNrfud; Nrh.re;jpuNrfud; Nrh.re;jpuNrfud; ntspaPL: ntspaPL: ntspaPL: ntspaPL: ntspaPL: Fkud; Fkud; Fkud; Fkud; Fkud; Gj;jf Gj;jf Gj;jf Gj;jf Gj;jf ,y;yk;> ,y;yk;> ,y;yk;> ,y;yk;> ,y;yk;> nfhOk;G nfhOk;G nfhOk;G nfhOk;G nfhOk;G gf;fq;fs;: gf;fq;fs;: gf;fq;fs;: gf;fq;fs;: gf;fq;fs;: 126 126 126 126 126 tpiy: tpiy: tpiy: tpiy: tpiy: &gh &gh &gh &gh &gh 300.00 300.00 300.00 300.00 300.00
r%f mwptpay;> ,aw;if mwptpay;> nkhopfs; vd;Dk; gy;NtW Jiw rhh;e;j mwpTj; njhFjpf;F 

Page 85
epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs
kq;fhj ; kq;fhj kq;fhj kq;fhj kq;fhj th;zk th;zk th;zk th;zk th;zk Xtpah; Xtpah; Xtpah; Xtpah; Xtpah; - - - - - Nf.vk;.M Nf.vk;.M Nf.vk;.M Nf.vk;.M Nf.vk;.M 1938 1938 1938- 1938 1938 - - - - 15 15 15 15 15 vOgJfspy; ,Ug;gpw;F te;j nrd;id Xtpa
Xh; ,e;jpa X ,af;fj;jpd; fzpg;gpw;Fhpa gpujpepjpAk;> mNj
etPdj;Jtk fhyj;jpy; et Ntl;ifthj jkpo; ,yf;fpa
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fiyQh; vd jiyahdtUkhd Nf.vk;.Mjp%yk; 15.01.2008
rk;ghriz md;W jdJ 71 MtJ tajpy; fhykhdhh;.
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mZFKi Ntnwe;j XtpaDf;Fk; fpl;lhj ghPl;raj;ijAk;
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Kuzhd m Nfhl;Lg; glq;fs;> efuj;J Xtpaf;$lq;fspy; mjpf
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Nfs;tpf;Fs Mjp%yj;jpd; ,af;fj;jsk; gy Kfq;fisf;
gpd;te;j gi nfhz;lJ. ,jpy; Rthurpakhd tplak; vd;dntdpy;
thOjy;> Xt ,itaidj;Jk; etPdj;Jtk; ,Ugjhk;
vd;gNj ,j Ehw;whz;Lf; fiyQDf;Fj; jpwe;J tpl;l Gjpa
mth; tho;f rhj;jpag;ghLfshFk;. me;j tifapy;
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tpa Nj
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85 8


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epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs
KbT. ,JTk; Xtpadhf ,Uj;jy;> Xtpadhf czUjy;> tho;jy;. ,jdhy; jdf;Fk; gilg;gpw;Fk; Neh;ikahf ,Uj;jy; vd;w Kaw;rpf;F kpfTk; mbg;gilahd Jzpr;ryhd KbthFk;.
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Page 87
epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs
fhl;bf; nfhLj;jJ. ,e;j mDgtg; gpd; Gyj;Jld; vt;tpj Kd; mwptpg;Gk; ,d;wp kpFe;j jaf;fj;Jld; ehd; Kjy; Kjypy; Mjp%yj;ij mtUila tPl;by; re;jpj;Njd;. gpugy;aq;fSf;fhd ve;jj; NjhuizfSk; mw;W jpwe;j kdj;Jld;
vd;Dld; mth; rf[khf ciuahbdhh;. kil jpwe;j nts;sk; Nghy; mth; fUj;Jf;fSk;> Qhgfq;fSk; xd;wd;gpd; xd;whf
njspthfTk; njhlh;r;rpahfTk; ntspte;jd. ehd; Kjy; Kjyhf Xh; KO Neu Xtpadpd; fijiaf; Nfl;Nld;. ,rq;fshfTk;> cUg;ngUj;j thh;j;ijfshYk;> Nfhl;ghLfshYk; kl;LNk etPd Xtpaj;ijg; gw;wpg; Ngrf; Nfl;bUe;j vdf;F mDgtj;jpDhL NgRjy; vd;gJ Gjpa mDgtkhf ,Ue;jJ. mth; vd;idr; rkdhfTk;> rf[khfTk; elhj;jpa Kiw ,Wjpapy; ehd; ahh; vd;gjid mtUf;Fr; nrhy;y Ntz;Lk; vd;gijj; Jhz;baJ. gykzpNeu ciuahlYf;Fk;> kjpa cztpw;Fk; gpd;dh; ehd; tpilngWk; NghJ $wpNdd; ehd; ,yq;ifapy; ,Ue;J te;Js;Nsd; vd;W. mth; Gd;KWtYld; mJ vdf;F mg;gNt njhpAk; vd;whh;. tof;fk; Nghy vdJ Ngr;Rj; jkpo; vd;id mtUf;F ,dq; fhl;bapUf;ff; $Lk;. Mdhy; mth; mijg; gw;wpf; Nfl;ftpy;iy vd;gJld; vd;id me;epadhf> re;Njfpahf> gaq;futhjpahf elj;jtpy;iynad;gJ Mr;rhpakhfTk;> MWjyhfTk; ,Ue;jJ. ,jd; gpd; mbf;fb mtiu ehd; nrd;W ghh;g;gJz;L.
vy;yhr; re;jpg;GfSk; gfph;tpw;F chpadthf Kjw; re;jpg;igg;
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
;

Nghd;W neUf;fkhditahfTk;> gpuNahrdkhditahfTNk mike;jd. xt;nthU re;jpg;gpYk; jdJ Gjpa Mf;fq;fis Xh; rpWtdpd; gugug;Gld; xt;nthd;whf vdf;F mth; vLj;Jf; fhl;LtJ ,d;Wk; fz;Kd;Nd tUfpwJ. vd;id jpy;ypapy; nrd;W gbf;fj; Jhz;bajpYk; mtUf;F epiwag; gq;Fz;L.
1992 ,y; Xtpah; thRfp nfhOk;gpy; "tpgtp" fyhrhu ikaj;jpy; gzpahw;wpa fhyg; gFjpapy; Mjp%yj;jpd; Xh; Xtpaf; fhl;rpiaf; nfhOk;gpy; elhj;j ehk; jpl;lkpl;Nlhk;. mjw;fhd miog;Gf; fbjk; mtUf;F mDg;gg;gl;lJ. mjw;F mth;> ",yq;if te;J ,q;Fs;s Guhjd fiyg; gilg;Gf;fis fhz Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ jdJ neL ehisa tpUg;gk; vd;Wk; me;j tifapy; ,e;j khpahijg+h;tkhd miog;G jdf;F NgUtif mspg;gjhfTk;" Fwpg;gpl;L Xh; gjpiy mDg;gp itj;jhh;.
NkYk;  elhj;jg;gl;L nrhy;nyhzhj; Jauq;fis mDgtpj;J tUk; fhyfl;lj;jpy; jhd; nfhOk;gpNyh my;yJ ,yq;ifapd; NtW ve;jg; gFjpapNyh Xtpaq;fisf; fhl;rpf;F itg;gJ vd;gJ jdJ cs;Nehf;fj;jpy; re;Njfj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk;. vdNt 
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tPuNfrhpapYk;> mtUila Xtpaq;fs; gw;wpa fl;Liuiaf; fhyr;RtbYk; vOjpapUe;j vdf;F ,e;j miog;G Mr;rhpaj;ijAk; cj;Ntfj;ijAk; je;jJ. nrd;idapy; gy jhgpf;fg;gl;l> ed;F mwpag;gl;l fiy tpkh;rfh;fs; vd;W mwpag;gl;lth;fs; ,Ue;Jk; ve;jtpj KfthpAkw;w vd;id ,g;gzpf;fhf Mjp%yk; njhpT nra;a vLj;j Jzpr;ryhd Kbtpy; kPz;Lk; Xh; fiyQid ehd; fz;Nld;. ‘Between the lines’ vd;w mtuJ EhYf;F ehd; vOjpa fl;Liu cz;ikapy; mJehs; tiuapyhd vkJ gfph;Tfspd; nrhpg;ghf mike;jJ.
nrd;w tUlk; etk;gh; khjk; jpy;ypapy; cs;s "kpd;w; fiyf;$lj;jpy;" Mjp%yk; ,d;Wtiu nra;j Nfhl;Lg; glq;fspd; Xh; njhFg;Gf; fhl;rp eilngw;wJ. mj;Jld; mth; gw;wpa %d;whtJ EhYk; ntspaplg;gl;lJ. mjpy; NehahYk;> kUe;jhYk; gytPdKw;w Mjp%yj;ij mtuJ rpdpkh ,af;Fduhd %j;j kfDld; re;jpj;Njd;. mtuJ cly; gytPdKw;wpUe;jhYk; mtuJ Ngr;rpy; gioa caph;j;Jbg;Gk;> ,ay;Gj;jd;ikAk; khwhjpUe;jJ. me;jf; fhl;rpapy; mth;
epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs
gpwnkhopr; rpWfijfs; rpy gpwnkhopr; rpWfijfs; rpy gpwnkhopr; rpWfijfs; rpy gpwnkhopr; rpWfijfs; rpy gpwnkhopr; rpWfijfs; rpy Nf.v];.rptFkhud; ntspaPL: kPuh gjpg;gfk;> nfhOk;G gf;fq;fs;: 54 tpiy: &gh 100.00
,j;njhFg;gpy; ,lk;ngWk; gjpndhU rpWfijfSk;> gpwnkhopr; rpWfijfspd; jkpohf;fq;fshFk;. rpy fijfs; KOikahfTk;> rpy jkpo; thrfh;fs; vspjpy; Ghpe;J nfhs;SKfkhfr; RUf;fkhfTk; nkhopngah;f;fg;gl;Ls;sd
Neha;g;gLf;ifapy; ,Ue;jgb jdf;F Kd; ,Ue;j ghj;jpuq;fisg;> goq;fisg; (epiyg; nghUs;) ghh;j;J tiue Nfhl;Lg; glq;fSk;> njUf;$j;Jf; fiyQh;fspd; Gifg;glq;fis mbg;gilah nfhz;L tiue;j Nfhl;Lg; glq;fSk; fhl;rpf;F itf;fg;gl;bUe;jd. ,itjhd Mjp%yk; filrpahf tiue;j NfhLfshf ,Uf;ff; $Lk;. me;jf; NfhLfs; xt;nthd;Wk xt;nthU caphpahf mirtj vdf;Fg;gl;ld. ,e;jsT capi NfhLfspDs; Vw;wpajd; gpd; Mjp%yk; fiyapy; nra;a ,d vd;d ,Uf;fpwJ vd ehd; vdf;Fs; epidj;Jf; nfhz;Nl ,e;jr; rhjhuz Neha;g;gLf;ifAk; mjd; #oY Mjp%yj;jpd; jiyaPl;lhy; tYthd fiyg;gilg;Gfshfp ,Ue;jd. ,J fiyia vt;th tho;f;ifAld; ,ize;j ,ay;ghd> rhjhuz eltbf;ifahf mth; fz;lhh; vd;gjw;F ,d;ndhU vLj;Jf; fhl;L.
10.01.2008 ez;gh; gh.mfpyDk;> ehDk; Mjp%yj;ijf; fhzr; nrd;wpUe;Njhk;. md;W mtuJ ,uz;lhtJ kfd; Xtpah; mguh[pjDk; cld; ,Ue;jhh;. ,yq;if epytuk;> ,e;jpaf;
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;Lg; glq;fSk;> f;$j;Jf; fiyQh;fspd; g;glq;fis mbg;gilahff; z;L tiue;j Nfhl;Lg;
;fSk; fhl;rpf;F f;fg;gl;bUe;jd. ,itjhd; p%yk; filrpahf tiue;j Lfshf ,Uf;ff; $Lk;.
f; NfhLfs; xt;nthd;Wk; thU caphpahf mirtjhf ;Fg;gl;ld. ,e;jsT capiuf; fspDs; Vw;wpajd; gpd; p%yk; fiyapy; nra;a ,dp
,Uf;fpwJ vd ehd; ;Fs; epidj;Jf; nfhz;Nld;. r; rhjhuz
;g;gLf;ifAk; mjd; #oYk; p%yj;jpd; jiyaPl;lhy; thd fiyg;gilg;Gfshfp e;jd. ,J fiyia vt;thW
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;ghd> rhjhuz bf;ifahf mth; fz;lhh; jw;F ,d;ndhU vLj;Jf; ;L.
2008 ez;gh; gh.mfpyDk;> k; Mjp%yj;ijf; fhzr; ;wpUe;Njhk;. md;W mtuJ
;lhtJ kfd; Xtpah; uh[pjDk; cld; ,Ue;jhh;. ;if epytuk;> ,e;jpaf;
rpdkh! fs; fs; fs; fs; fs; rpy rpy rpy rpy rpy d; ;> nfhOk;G
rpdkh! rpdkh! rpdkh! rpdkh! rpdkh! rpdkh! rpdkh! rpdkh! rpdkh! Xh; Xh; Xh; Xh; Xh; cyf cyf cyf cyf cyf tyk; tyk; tyk; tyk; tyk; Nf.v];.rptFkhud; ntspaPL: kPuh gjpg;gfk;>
0
nfhOk;G gf;fq;fs;: 114 tpiy: &gh 200.00
lk;ngWk;
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jpiug;gl tpohf;fspy; f;fq;fshFk;.
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gl;baiyAk; cyf kw;Wk; pjpy; Ghpe;J
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gl;baiyAk; ,e;Ehy; l;Ls;sd
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rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
fiyr;#oy;> jdJ vjph;fhy Xtpaf; fhl;rp vd ePz;l Neuk; vk;Kld; Ngrpf; nfhz;bUe;jhh;. md;W toikf;F khwhf vdf;F kpfTk; fisg;ghf ,Uf;fpwJ ehd; Xa;ntLj;Jf; nfhs;sg; NghfpNwd; vdf; $wp tpilngw;whh;. toikahf vkf;F tpilnfhLf;f> topaDg;g gliytiu tUk; Mjp%yk; md;W vk;kplk; ,Ue;J tpil ngw;Wf; nfhz;lhh;. mJjhd; ehd; mtiuf; filrpahfr; re;jpj;jJ. 16.01.2008 mth; ,we;j nra;jp gpe;jpf; fpilj;jJ.
Mjp%yk; Rje;jpu ,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; jiyKiw Xtpah;fspy; kpfTk; Rthurpakhd Xh; khjphp. mtuJ gilg;Gfisg; NghyNt tho;f;ifAk; fiy tuyhw;W Mtzk;. ,tw;Wf;fg;ghy; toikahd Xh; kdpjh;. mth; jfTgLj;jpf; nfhz;l ngUefu tho;f;ifAk;> me;j];Jk; mtUf;Fs; Fbnfhz;bUe;j ghkuid> fpuhkj;jhid xUNghJk; rhfbf;ftpy;iy. mJjhd; Mjp%yj;jpdJk; mtuJ fiyapdJk; caph;ehb.
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kdpj kd Moq;fis CLUtpj; Njba kdpj kd Moq;fis CLUtpj; Njba kdpj kd Moq;fis CLUtpj; Njba kdpj kd Moq;fis CLUtpj; Njba kdpj kd Moq;fis CLUtpj; Njba jpiuf;fiyQH jpiuf;fiyQH jpiuf;fiyQH jpiuf;fiyQH jpiuf;fiyQH
Nf. v]; rptFkhud; Nf. v]; rptFkhud; Nf. v]; rptFkhud; Nf. v]; rptFkhud; Nf. v]; rptFkhud;
fle;j Mz;by; (2007) kiwe;j jiyrpwe;j jpiug;gl newpahsHfSs; xUtuhfpa ,q;kH NgHf;kd; vd;w ];tPld; ehl;Lf; fiyQUf;F mQ;ryp nrYj;J Kfkhff; fle;j brk;ghpy; ,lk;ngw;w midj;Jyf jpiug;gl tpoh xd;wpNy mtH newpg;gLj;jpa glq;fs; jpiuaplg;gl;ld. ,e;jj; jpiug;gl tpoh ,e;jpahtpd; Nfus khepyj; jiyefuhd jpUtde;jGuj;jpy; brk;gH 07 Kjy; 14 tiu ,lk;ngw;wJ.
mt;thW jpiuaplg;gl;l ,q;kH NgHf;kdpd; glq;fSs; ,uz;il ehd; kPz;Lk; ghHj;Njd.; mitahtd Autumn Sonata (,iyAjpH fhyj;jpy; ,UtH kPJ khwp khwptUk; cUthf;fg;gl;l rpytop ,irg;gh vd ,g;glj;jpd; mbehjj;ij ehk; nghUs; nfhs;syhk;) mLj;j glk; Through a Glass Darkly (,Us;kakhd fz;zhbA+lhf) ,t;tpU glq;fisAk; jtpu ,e;j newpahshpd;
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;
Vida gl The Seve Virgin Spr (g;mdpAk; (fhl;bd; ]
,q;kH NgH mwpe;J nf fle;j Mz capHePj;jhH ehlfj;Jiw
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oq;fis CLUtpj; Njba oq;fis CLUtpj; Njba oq;fis CLUtpj; Njba oq;fis CLUtpj; Njba oq;fis CLUtpj; Njba QHQHQHQHQH
14.07.1918 - 30.07.2007 14.07.1918 - 30.07.2007 14.07.1918 - 30.07.2007 14.07.1918 - 30.07.2007 14.07.1918 - 30.07.2007
,q;kH NgHf;kd; ,q;kH NgHf;kd; ,q;kH NgHf;kd; ,q;kH NgHf;kd; ,q;kH NgHf;kd;
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Vida glq;fSk; fhl;lg;gl;ld. mitahtd The Seventh seal (VohtJ Kj;jpiur; rpy;Y)> The Virgin Spring (fd;dp eP&w;W)> Fanny and Alexander (g;mdpAk; mnyf;\hd;lUk;)> Wild Strawberries (fhl;bd; ];Nlhghpfs;).
ccc ,q;kH NgHf;kd; gw;wpa rpy Fwpg;Gfis Kjypy; mwpe;J nfhs;Nthk;. jkJ 89MtJ tajpy; fle;j Mz;L [{iy khjk; 30Mk; jpfjp ,tH capHePj;jhH. jpiug;glj;Jiw khj;jpuky;y ehlfj;JiwAk; ,tH %yk; nropg;Gw;wJ.
gy cyfj; jpiug;gl newpahsHfs; ,q;kH NgHf;kdpd; jpiug;gl ,af;fj;jpdhy; ftug;gl;ltHfs; vd;W $wg;gLfpwJ. ,J cz;ikjhd; Vnddpy; gpd;tUgtHfspd; glq;fis ehk; ghHf;Fk; nghOJ ,q;kH NgHf;kdpd; nry;thf;if ehk; mwpe;J nfhs;fpNwhk;.
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;
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,tUila glq;fspy; e ,d;fphpl; NgHf;kd;. ,ti cy;kDld; jhd; ,y;yw $wg;gLfpwJ. ,tHfSf
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ntspg;gLj;jg;glhj fhj mDgtq;fs;> md;gpd;i nrhy;yhkw; nrhy;yg;gL
mNj Ntis 2004Mk; jkJ glq;fspy; jkf;F Fwpg;gpl;bUf;fpwhH. mt Nghtjpy;iy vd;Wk; $
cz;ikapNyNa mtU fz;zhbA+lhf” vd;w g ghHf;f khl;Nld;.
Silence (nksdk;) vd;w glq;fs; Kbtilfpd;wd Fwpg;gpLfpwhH.
ehlfhrphpauhfTk;> E}yh cyfpy; gpuNtrpj;j ,q;k Fwpg;gpl;l xU fhyg;gF ,dq;fhl;bf; nfhz;lhH jpiug;glq;fs; fhy Njr rhHghd glq;fs;. gak;> Mf;fpukpj;J epw;Fk;. M me;jf;fhyj;Jg; gpd;dz Ntz;Lk; fl;ltpo;f;fg; ,Uf;Fk;.
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,tUila glq;fspy; ebj;jtHfSs; Fwpg;gplj;jf;ftH ,d;fphpl; NgHf;kd;. ,tiutpl NehHNt ebif ypt; cy;kDld; jhd; ,y;yw tho;T Rfq;fz;lhH vdf; $wg;gLfpwJ. ,tHfSf;F xU kfSk; ,Uf;fpwhH.
,q;kH NgHf;kdpd; glq;fs; vj;jifa fijg;nghUs;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sd?
jhHkPfk;> jdpik> flTs; ek;gpf;if> cyfg; nghJik czHTfs;> clw;fhkk; Nghd;wit vdyhk;. “ntWkNd Ma;twpT hPjpahd glq;fis ehd; vLf;f tpUk;gtpy;iy. vdJ glq;fspy; vd; czHTfisg; ghHitahsHfs; Ghpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd;gjpy; mf;fiw nfhz;ltd; ehd;” vd “ilk;” rQ;rpiff;F Ngl;baspf;ifapy; (1960)mtH Fwpg;gpl;bUe;jhH. jkJ glq;fspy; ebj;Js;s rpy ebiffs; jdf;Fr; rpy Ntisfspy; “itg;ghl;bfshf” ,Ue;jpUf;fpwhHfs; vdTk; mtH Fwpg;gpl;bUf;fpwhH.
ntspg;gLj;jg;glhj fhjy; czHTfs;> kWjypf;fg;gl;l fhjy; mDgtq;fs;> md;gpd;ik Nghd;witAk; mtH glq;fspy; nrhy;yhkw; nrhy;yg;gLfpd;wd.
mNj Ntis 2004Mk; Mz;by; mtH mspj;j Ngl;bapy; jkJ glq;fspy; jkf;F ntWg;G Vw;gl;bUg;gjhfTk; Fwpg;gpl;bUf;fpwhH. mtw;iw jhk; kPz;Lk; ghHf;fg; Nghtjpy;iy vd;Wk; $wpdhH.
cz;ikapNyNa mtUila “,Us;kakhd fz;zhbA+lhf” vd;w glj;ij ehDk; ,d;ndhU jlit ghHf;f khl;Nld;.
lence (nksdk;) vd;w glj;Jld; jkJ rkar; rhHghd glq;fs; Kbtilfpd;wd vd;W mtH Ngl;;bnahd;wpy; Fwpg;gpLfpwhH.
ehlfhrphpauhfTk;> E}yhrphpauhfTk; Muk;gpj;J ‘rpdpkh’ cyfpy; gpuNtrpj;j ,q;kH NgHf;kd; cyf tuyhw;wpd; Fwpg;gpl;l xU fhyg;gFjpapd; gpujpepjpahf jd;id ,dq;fhl;bf; nfhz;lhH. ];fz;l;Netpa gpuNjrj;jpdhpd; jpiug;glq;fs; fhy Njr th;j;jkhdq;fSf;Fl;gl;l rkar; rhHghd glq;fs;. gak;> tpuf;jp> ntWik Nghd;wtw;iw Mf;fpukpj;J epw;Fk;. MapDk; ,q;kH NgHf;kdpd; glq;fis me;jf;fhyj;Jg; gpd;dzpia itj;Jj; jhd; kjpg;gpl Ntz;Lk; fl;ltpo;f;fg; Nghdhy; kpQ;rpaJ #dpakhfj;jhd; ,Uf;Fk;.
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rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
Nkk;ghl;L ghj;jpuq;fs tpsq;fg;gL xt;nthU nrhy;yhkw
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ntWkNd xU ehlfj;ijg; glk; gpbf;fhky; Trpdpkh' vd;w Clfj;jpd; %yk; gbkq;fs; mirAk; Xtpaq;fshf cUg; ngWfpd;wd.
mnkhpf;f Tmgj;j' (Absurd) ehlfhrphpauhd vl;th;l; Xy;gp (Edward Albee) vOjpa “Who’s afraid of Virginia woolf” vd;w ehlfj;jpd; jpiu
tbtj;ij ePq;fs; rpy Ntis rpy Mz;LfS f;F Kd; ghh;j;jpUf;ff; $Lk;. mq;Fk; ehlfNk Trpdpkh'thf cUg;ngw;wJ. hpr;rh;l; Ngh;l;lDk; vypn]ngj; nlapyUk; me;jg; glj;jpy; ebj;jpUe;jhh;fs;. me;jg; glj;jpd; Qhgfk; “Autumn Sonata” itg; ghh;j;j nghOJ vd; epidTf;F te;jJ.
ypt; cy;kd; (Liv ulman) kfshf ebj;j Ngh;f;kdpd; glj;jpy; ,U ngz;fsJ ebg;G cr;rf;fl;lj;ij milfpwJ vdyhk;.
glj;jpy; ntl;nlhl;Lj; njhFg;G KiwAk;> gpd;Ndhf;fpf; fhl;rpfSf;Fk;> epjh;rd epfo;r;rpfSf;FkpilNa fijg;gz;G gprfhky; ePNuhl;lk; Nghy xspg;gjpT ,lk;ngw;wpUg;gJk; ghuhl;lj;jf;fJ. czh;T epiyAk; mwpT epiyAk; ,g;glj;jpy; rk mstpy; rq;fkkhfpd;wd.
,e;jg; glf;fijapd; efh;Tf;F Nkiy ehl;L rh];jphpa rq;fPjk; ngUk; gq;fspf;fpwJ. ,ir xU gbkkhfNt njhopw;gLfpwJ. Nrhghd; (Chopan)> ghf; (Bach)> `d;nly; (Handel) Mfpa ,ir Nkijfspd; cUg;gbfs; glj;jpd; epfo;r;rp Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij czh;j;Jtpf;Fk;
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Kiwapy; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. fhl;rpaikg;G> cilayq;fhuk;> xspg;gjpT> glj;njhFg;G midj;Jk; glf;fij epfOk; fhyj;ij xl;bajha; mike;J> ey;y ‘rpdpkh’itj; Njbr; nrd;W ghh;f;Fk; urpfidg; gutrg;gLj;jpf; fspg;g+l;LfpwJ.
,q;kh; Ngh;f;kdpd; glq;fSs; vdf;Fg; gpbf;fhj glkhf> kdr;Nrhh;it Vw;gLj;Jk; glkhf Through a glass Darkly vd;w glk; ,Ue;jik> newpahshpd; Fiwghly;y> khwhf ];tPld; ehl;bd; ,Us;kakhd gpd;dzpia ehd; mjpfk; mwpe;jpUe;jjhf ,Uf;ff; $Lk;.
Xf];l; ];bd;l;Ngh;f; (August strindburgh) ,d; ehlfj;ijj; jOtpajhf ,g;glk; mikfpd;wNjh vd;W vdf;nfhU re;Njfk;.
,e;jg; glj;jpy; msTf;Fk; mjpfkhd itjPf kiwf; Fwpg;Gfs; (Allusians) ,Ue;jikAk; vdJ Ghpahikf;Ff; fhuzkhf ,Uf;fyhk;.
,e;jg; glj;jpd; fij vd;d $WfpwJ vd mwpa Kide;jhy;> ,t;thW ,dq; fhzyhk;.
kdNeha;r; rpfpr;ir tpLjpapypUe;J Rfkha; jpUk;Gfpwhs; fhPd; vd;w kzkhfhj ngz;. ,tSld; Nrh;e;J nkhj;jkhf ehd;F mq;fj;jth;fs; nfhz;l FLk;gk; Jhuj;Jj; jPT xd;wpy; tpLKiwiaf; fopf;fr; nry;fpd;wdh;.
fhPdpd; jk;gp tshpsk; gUt ehlfhrphpad;. mtd; ngah; kpd];. mtDf;F rpwpJ kdf; NfhshW ,Uf;fpwJ Nghy; njhpfpwJ. ,th;fSila jfg;gdpd; ngah; Nltpl;. ,k;%tUld; ,d;Ndhh; vOj;jhsUk; Nrh;e;J nfhs;fpwhh;. jdJ kfspd; csj; Nja;it mtjhdpj;J tUk; Nltpl; mtw;wpd; mbg;gilapy; khngUk; ,yf;fpag; gilg;ig
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,e;j Nltpl; FLk;gj;NjhL xl;batuhff; fhzg;gltpy;iy. xJq;fp epd;W gpwj;jpahd; Nghy; ele;J nfhs;fpwhh;. ,jw;fpilapy; kfSf;F tpufjhgk;> fhk czh;T Vw;gLk; gl;rj;jpy; jdpj;J xJq;fp Ra ikJdk; nra;fpwhs;.
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nghUe;jhf; fhkk; ,Ug;gJ Nghy; czh;j;Jtpf; fg;gLfpwJ.
xNunahU jlit Nltpl; jdJ kfdplk; tha;jpwe;J ciuahba NghJ> kdk; Gsfhq;fpj kilfpwhd;.
,jw;fpilapy; fhPdpd; kdNeha; fhuzkhf mts; tprpj;jpukhd fhl;rpfisAk;> gbkq;fisAk; fhz;fpwhs;. mtw;wpDhlhf mts; ,iwtid Nehpy; re;jpf;fg; Nghtjhff; fdT fhz;fpwhs;. mtspd; Njlypd; NghJ> mts; epjh;rdkhff; fz;lJ flTsy;y> xU ngd;dhk; nghpa rpye;jpiaj;jhd;.
fhPd; ,wf;f NehpLfpwJ. capUld; ,Uf;Fk; nghOJjhd; ehk; flTisj; jhprpf;fpNwhk;. ,Uz;l fz;zhba+lhfg; ghh;f;Fk; nghOJ flTis kdpjh;fs; Ghpe;J nfhs;fpwhh;fs;. ,we;j gpd; ,e;j jhprdk; kiwe;J tpLfpwJ vd;gJ fij czh;j;Jk; nra;jp NghYk;.
fhPd; ghj;jpuj;jpy; jj;&gkhf `hpal; md;lh;]d; ebf;fpwhh;. vdf;Nfh ,e;jg;glk; mwNt gpbf;ftpy;iy.
sivakumaranks@yahoo.com
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gy];jPd tpLjiyg; Nghuhl;lj;jpd; kdr;rhl;rpahf th;zpf;fg;gl;l N[hh;[;; `gh]; (1926 - 2008) [dthp 26Mk; jpfjp 82tJ tajpy; fhykhdhh;. Rje;jpuj;jpw;fhf ePz;l fhyk; Nghuhb tUk; gy];jPd kf;fsJ Jauk; Njha;e;j tuyhw;wpy; mtuJ kuzj;Jld; ,d;DnkhU mj;jpahak; Kw;Wg; ngWfpwJ vdf; $wyhk;. fle;j %d;W jrhg;j fhyq;fshf mth; kpff; fLikahd ghhpr thj Nehapdhy; gPbf;fg;gl;bUe;jhh;. jiyikNaw;w ,af;fj;jpd; ,yl;rpaq;fs;> %yf; nfhs;iffspyp Ue;J vs;sTk; tOthj vj;jifa rkurq;fSf;Fk; ,Wjptiu Ml;glhjnjhU Gul;rpfu> murpay; MSikahfNt mth; vg;NghJk; ,Ue;J te;jpUf;fpwhh; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
"my;` f;f Pk;" vd kUj;J th; my;y J Nguwpthsd; vd;w mh;j;jj;jpy; kpFe;j Nerghtj;Jld;
rhpepfh; [dthp - ngg;uthp 2008
epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs
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miof;fg;gl;l N[hh;[;; `gh];;> gy];jPd tpLjiy ,af;fkhd> gy];jPd tpLjiyf;fhd kf;fs; Kd;dzp (PFLP) apd; epWtfuhfTk; mjd; mr;rhzpahfTk; ,aq;fpdhh;. 1967,y; ,];Nuyplk; muhgpag;gilfs; gLNjhy;tpaile;jjd; gpd;dh; PFLP Njhw;wk; ngw;wJ . gy];jPd kf;fs; nfhpy;yh Aj;j Kiwapid iff;nfhs;tjw;F N[hh;[;; `gh]; Muk;gj;jpy; vjph;g;Gj; njhptpj;J te;jpUf;fpwhh; vd;gJ xU cz;ikahFk;. mf;fhyg;gFjpapy; fkhy; mg;Jy; ehrhpd; kPJk;> mtuJ nfhs;ifahd rpNahdprj;jpw;F vjpuhd xd;wpize;j muhgpa xw;Wikapd; kPJk; mtUf;F ek;gpf;if Vw;gl;bUe;jNj mjw;fhd fhuzkhFk;. Mdhy; 1967 Aj;jj;jpd; gpd;dh; mjw;fhd rhj;jpaKk; mwNt ePq;fpapUe;jJ.
gy];jPd ,af;fq;fspy; xd;whd my;gw;wh Vw;nfdNt eilKiwg;gLj;jp te;j je;jpNuhgha


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eltbf;iffspy; N[hh;[;; `gh];f;F ehl;lKk; ek;gpf;ifAk; Vw;gl;lJ. kpfj; Jhpjkhfj; jPtpuj;Jld; ,aq;fj; jiyg;gl;l PFLP "Gul;rpfu td;Kiw khj;jpuNk vjphp Ghpaf; $ba xNu nkhop" vd Kjyhtjhf ntspapl;l jdJ cj;jpNahfg+h;t mwpf;ifapy; njhptpj;jpUe;jJ. PFLPapd; kpfg;gyk; tha;e;j MjuTj; jskhf fh]h gpuNjrk; ,Ue;jJ. gy];jPd tpLjiy mikg;Gf;Fs; (PLO) PFLPNa my;gw;whtpd; gpujhd vjphpahf 1980fspd; gpw;$Wfs; tiu njhlh;e;J ,Ue;J te;jJ.
1960fspd; gpw;$WfspYk; 70fspd; Kw;$WfspYk; PFLPapd; nfhpy;yhg; Nghuhspfs; jkJ Nghuhl;l eltbf;iffisj; jPtpug;gLj;jpa NghJ mth;fshy; nghpastpy; rh;tNjrj;jpd; ftdpg;gpid  tpal;ehkpah;fs; ntw;wpfukhff; ifahz;l Nghh;j; je;jpNuhgha eltbf;ifffs; N[hh;[;; `gh];f;F Mjh;rkha; ,Ue;jd. Vfhjpgj;jpa ty;yurhd mnkhpf;fhtpdhy; Cl;lKk; Cf;fKk; ngw;W tsh;e;j gyk; tha;e;j vjphpahd ,];NuYld; NkhJtjw;Fg; Gjpa cj;jpfisAk; Nghuhl;l eltbf;iffisAk; jPtpug;gLj;jp tp];jhpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gij N[hh;[;; `gh]; ed;F czh;e;jpUe;jhh;. 1968,y; ,];Nuypa tpkhdnkhd;W flj;jg;gl;lJld; 1969,y; n[UrNyj;jpypUe;j etPd trjpfSld; $ba ghhpa re;ijj; njhFjpf; fl;blk; Fz;L itj;Jj; jfh;f;fg;gl;lJ.
1970,y; xNuNeuj;jpy; %d;W gazpfs; tpkhdq;fs; flj;jg;gl;l rk;gtq;fs; rh;tNjr muq;fpy; gyj;j mjph;tiyfis Vw;gLj;jpd. cyfk; g+uhTKs;s gj;jphpiffis ,itNa Kd;gf;fr; nra;jpfshf Mf;fpukpj;jd. rh;tNjr r%fk; ghuhKfkhfj; njhlh;e;Jk; ,Uf;f Kbatpy;iy. gy];jPdg; gpur;rpid Fwpj;J VNjhnthU tifapy; rh;tNjr r%fj;ijr; rpe;jpf;FkhW mit eph;g;ge;jpj;jd. "Nlh;]; ];Nud;" vd;w N[h;kdpar; rQ;rpiff;F tpkhdf;flj;jy; Fwpj;Jg; Ngl;b toq;fpa N[hh;[; `gh]; gpurhuj;jpw;F tpkhdf; flj;jy; kpfr; rf;jpkpf;fnjhU MAjk; vdf; $wpapUe;jhh;. "jrhg;jq;fshf gy];jPdpah;fSf;F cyf mgpg;gpuhak; rhjkhdjhfNth my;yJ ghjfkhdjhfNth ,y;yhj ke;j epiyapNyNa njhlh;e;Jk; ,Ue;jJ. kpf ,yFthf rh;tNjr r%fj;jhy; vk;ikg; Gwf;fzpf;fTk; Kbe;jJ. Fiwe;j gl;rk; cyfk; vk;ikg; gw;wp ,g;NghJ fijf;fj; njhlq;fpapUf;fpwJ" vdr; Rl;bf;fhl;ba
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N[hh;]; `gh]; "MAjg; Nghuhl;lj;jpid vjphpapd; jd;ikNa vg;NghJk; jPh;khdpf;fpwJ" vdTk; tpghpj;jhh;. ,];Nuypy; ypl;lh vDkplj;jpy; nry;tr; nropg;G kpf;f fpwp];jtf; FLk;gnkhd;wpy; N[hh;[; `gh]; gpwe;jhh;. ,];Nuypd; jiyefuhd nuy;mtpt;tpd; ,d;iwanjhU gFjpahf ypl;lh ,Uf;fpwJ. ,stajpNyNa `gh]; tpLjiyg; Nghuhl;lj;jpy; ,ize;J nfhz;lhh;. 1948,y; a+jh;fs; jkf;fhf xU ehl;bid cUthf;fpa NghJ N[hh;[; `gh]; kUj;Jtuhtjw;F gbj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhh;. tPl;bypUe;J mtUila FLk;gk; jg;gpNahl eph;g;ge;jpf;fg;gl;lJ. ,jdhy; rpwpJ fhyk; mtuhy; kUj;Jtf; fy;tpapidj; njhlu Kbatpy;iy. gy];jPd mfjp Kfhk;fspd; mty epiyik Fwpj;J mth; fUj;Jj; njhptpf;ifapy; "mit eh]p rpj;jputij Kfhk;fis tpl rw;W Nkk;gl;ldthf ,Ue;jd" vd;whh;.
nga;&l;by; jkJ kUj;Jtg; gbg;gpidg; g+h;j;jp nra;jjd; gpd;dh; gw;WWjpkpf;fnjhU khh;f;]pathjpahf ghpzkpj;j N[hh;[; `gh];; gy];jPd tpLjiyf;fhf fLk; mh;g;gzpg;Gld; nraw;gl;lhh;. 1960fspy; ,ilNa kUj;Jtj; njhopypid mkhd; kw;Wk; N[hh;jhdpy; mth; Nkw;nfhz;lhh;. mq;F$l fl;lzq;fs; vJTk; mwtplhJ NehahspfSf;F ,ytr Nritia mspg;gjpy; kdKte;J  vj;jifa jaf;fNkh m#iaNah nfhs;shJ ntFthfg; ghuhl;bNa te;jdh;.
gy];jPdg; Nghuhl;lq;fspd; NghJ vj;jifa rkurq;fSf;Nfh tpl;Lf; nfhLg;GfSf;Nfh cld;glhJ kpFe;j gw;WWjpAld; $ba ,yl;rpa Ntfj;Jld; nraw;gl;lhh;. Nkw;F ehLfsJk; goikthj muhgpa ehLfsJk; Vw;ghl;by; ,];NuYld; elhj;jg;gl;l rkhjhdg; Ngr;Rthh;j;ijfis Muk;gj;jpy; ,Ue;Nj N[hh;[; `gh]; Vw;Wf; nfhs;shJ vjph;j;Nj te;jhh;. gy];jPd ehl;Lhpikf; Nfhhpf;iff;F ,];Nuy; xUNghJk; ,zq;f khl;lhJ vd;Wk;> mjw;fhd njhlh;gpy; mjdJ thf;FWjpfs; vtw;iwAk; ek;g Kw;gl Ntz;lhk; vdTk; jPh;f;fjhprdj;Jld; vd;Wk; mth; vr;rhpf;if nra;Nj te;jpUf;fpwhh;. Nkw;F ehLfs; rhh;gpyhd muhgpa ehLfs; Fwpj;J kpfTk; $h;ikahd tpkh;rdq;fis Kd;itj;J te;j N[hh;[; `gh];> gy];jPd tpLjiyg; Nghuhl;lj;jpw;F mtw;why; xU NghJk; vJtpj
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tpNkhrdKk; fpl;lg; Nghtjpy;iynad kpFe;j Mzpj;juj;Jld; njspTgLj;jpdhh;. ghuk;ghpa muhgpa murhq;fq;fSf;Fg; gjpyhf mq;F Gul;rpfu Ml;rpfis epiy epWj;jpajd; gpd;dh; khj;jpuNk ,];Nuiy ntw;wpnfhs;tJ rhj;jpakhFnkd kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; mth; typAWj;jpdhh;.
1969,y; mnkhpf;f - rT+jp mNugpah vz;nza;f; fk;ngdpahd muhk;NfhTf;Fr; nrhe;jkhd ghhpa vz;nza;f; Foha; PFLPapdhy; jfh;f;fg;gl;lJ. N[hh;[; `ghi]g; nghWj;jtiuapy; PFLPapd; Nghuhl;lk; kpFe;j MoKk; tphpTk; nfhz;lJld; JhuNehf;fpyhdJkhFk;. "gy];jPdj;ijr; rpNahdp];l;Lf;fsplkpUe;J kPl;gJld; khj;jpuk; Nghuhl;lj;jpd; ,yf;F Kw;Wg; ngw;Wtpltpy;iy. Vnddpy; ,g;Nghuhl;lk; muhgpa cyfj;ij> fhydpj;Jt vr;rnrhr;rg; gpbfspypUe;J tpLtpg;gjidAk; jdJ ,yf;fhff; nfhz;Ls;sJ." vd mth; tpghpj;jhh;.
rfy muhgpag; gul;rpfuthjpfSk; mtrpak; khh;f;rpathjpfshf ghpzhkk; mile;jpUf;f Ntz;Lnkd N[hh;[; `gh]; vjph;ghh;j;jhh;. "ciof;Fk; th;f;fj;jpdhpd; mgpyhirfspd; gpujpgypg;Ng khh;f;rpa rpj;jhe;jkhFk;" vd;Wk; mth; njhptpj;jhh;. cyfpd; gy ghfq;fspy; 70fspYk; 80fspYk; fpsh;e;njOe;j gue;jstpyhd Vfhjpgj;jpa kw;Wk; fhydpj;Jt vjph;g;Gg; Nghuhl;lq;fspdJk; xU mq;fkhfNt PFLP jd;idf; fUJtjhfTk;> me;j Nehf;fq;fisAk; ,yf;FfisAk; jOtpf; nfhz;l tifapy; mjd; Nghuhl;lq;fs; tphpTgLj;jg;gLnkdTk; mth; njhptpj;jhh;.
mughj; njhpT nra;J nfhz;l ghij Fwpj;J fLk; mjpUg;jpapidAk; ,zf;fkpd;ikiaAk; N[hh;[; `gh]; ntspapl;bUe;j NghjpYk; PLOit tpl;LntspNawtpy;iy. 1988,y; my;[pah;]pYk; 1991,y; kl;wpl;bYk; mughj; Kd;nkhope;j ",ul;il ehl;Lj; jPh;T"f;F jkJ gyj;j Ml;Nrgidapidf; fpsg;gTk; mth; jtwtpy;iy. NkYk; 1993,y; x];Nyh rkhjhd xg;ge;jj;jpy; PLO ifr;rhj;jpl;lJ njhlh;ghf mjid KO mstpyhdnjhU ruzhfjpnad mth; th;zpj;jpUe;jhh;. muhgpa - ,];Nuypa Kuz;ghl;bd; gpujhd ikakhf ,Uf;Fk; gy];jPdg; gpur;rpidapd; jhw;ghpaj;ij mughj; chpathW tpsq;fpf; nfhs;sj; jtwpajhf N[hh;[; `gh]; mughj; kPJ Fw;wk; Rkj;jpapUe;jhh;.
Mf;fpukpf;fg;gl;l gpuNjrq;fspy; fhyb vLj;J itf;f N[hh;[;; `gh]; kWj;jhh;. Kd;dh; 1988,y; nygdhdpypUe;J PLO ntspNaw;wg;gl;lij mLj;J mughj;ijj; njhlh;e;J hpa+b];ahtpw;F
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epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs
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N[hh;[; `g ek;gpf;iffi tpl;Lf; nfh nfhz;l xU Kd;Djhuz rfy gy];j ciuahlyp typAWj;jpa RftPdKw;w gjtpapypUe mtUf;F V NghJ Mf;f jpUg;gp xg;g khj;jpuNk , Ngr;Rthh;j;i Vw;gLnkd [pfhj; Mfp KOikahf njhptpj;jpU nfhz;bUg "gy];jPdpa mtdJ epy Rakhpahij ,Uf;fpwJ"
`kh]; fl gw;whtpd; f gFjpfspy; % nra;ag;gl;L kf;fsJ Ja Vf;fKk; fd `gh]; mi kuznka;j
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nry;tjw;F mth; kWj;jhh;. mjw;Fg; gjpyhf mth; rphpahtpw;Nf nrd;whh;. mughj; jiyikapyhd PLOtpdJ ,];NuYldhd ey;ypzf;fj;ij vjph;j;j Vida gy];jPdf; FOf;fs; ahTk; rphpahtpw;Nf nrd;wd. ,sikf;fhyj;jpy; N[hh;[; `gh]; kw;Wk; mughj; Mfpa ,UtUk; ,ize;J nraw;glf; $bath;fshf ,Ue;jdh;. 1970,y; N[hh;jhdpag; gilfSld; "fWg;G nrg;uk;gh;:" (Black Septmber) vd;W miof;fg;gl;l rz;ilapy; PLO Njhy;tp fz;lijaLj;J ,UtUk; nygdhdpw;Fj; jq;fsJ jsj;ij khw;wpf; nfhz;;ldh;
N[hh;[; `gh]; jdJ ,Wjpf;fhyk;tiu ek;gpf;iffisAk; nfhs;iffisAk; vjw;fhfTk; tpl;Lf; nfhLf;ftpy;iy. MSikAk; gw;WWjpAk; nfhz;l xU jiytuhf rfyUf;Fk; Kd;Djhuzkpf;f NghuhspahfNt mth; jpfo;e;jhh;. rfy gy];jPdf; FOf;fSk; "Njrpa hPjpapyhd ciuahlypy;"  mtdJ epyk;> mtdJ FLk;gk;> mtdJ Rakhpahij Mfpatw;Wf;fhfg; NghuhLk; chpik ,Uf;fpwJ" vd;whh;.
`kh]; fl;Lg;ghl;bYs;s fhrh gpuNjrk; kw;Wk; gw;whtpd; fl;Lg;ghl;bYs;s Nkw;Ff; fiuNahug; gFjpfspy; %d;W ehl;fs; Jf;f jpdk; gpufldk; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. muhgpa xw;Wik> gy];jPd kf;fsJ Jau tho;Tf;fhd KbT vd;gtw;iwapl;L Vf;fKk; fdTk; fz;L nfhz;bUe;j N[hh;[; `gh]; mit vJTNk nka;g;gl Kd;dh; kuznka;jpapUg;gJ kpFe;j JaukhdJ.
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,wg;G ,aw;if epajp vd;gJ cyfwpe;j xU cz;ik. MapDk; ,wg;G Vw;gLj;Jk; Jauj;ij vtuhYk; jtph;f;f Kbtjpy;iy. Vndd;why; ,wg;G vd;gJ xUthpd; kiwT kl;Lky;y> mtuJ ,Ug;gpd; fhuzkhd nray;fs; mit r%fj;jpd; kPJk; r%f cWg;gpdHfs ;kPJk; Vw;gLj;Jk; ghjpg;G vd;gitAk; epd;W tpLfpd;wd. ntWk; epidTfs; kl;Lk; vQ;rp tpLfpd;wd. ,wg;gpd; ,og;G xU jdpkdpjhpd; ,og;G kl;Lk; my;y mtuJ tho;tpd; mDgtk; mwpT cwTg; ghyk; gfpHjypd; Rfk; vd;W vt;tsNth tplaq;fisAk; cs;slf;fp tpLfpd;wJ.
,jdhy; jhd; ,wg;gpd; ,og;gpdhy; tUk; JahpypUe;J ahuhYk; tpLgl Kbtjpy;iy. mz;ikapy; yz;ldpy; fhykhd rptnfq;if ehfypq;fk; mtHfsJ kiwT> mtUld; gofpa tho;T mDgtj;ij gfpHe;J nfhz;l midtUf;Fk; JaH jUfpd;w xU epfo;thFk;. ,yf;fpa murpay;  mtH xU NguhrphpaNuh ,yf;fpathjpNah kw;Wk;
xU md;idapd; ki
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vz;gJfs kfh[dhf; ,y;yk; ,i tpthjq;fS tpthjq;fs Nkyhf mt ,isQHfS Ntfj;ijA fUj;Jf;fs mf;fiwg;g mtHfs; n mtHfs; x ,Ue;jhH. x vd;git g
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ve;jtifahd ‘gpuKf’ tho;Tf;Fs;Sk; mlq;Fk; xUtNuh my;y. xU rhjhuz fpuhkj;Jg; ngz;. xU fpuhkj;Jj; jha;. NeHikiaAk; epahaj;ijAk; Vw;Fk; gf;FtKk;> jl;bf; Nfl;Fk; neQ;RuKk;> md;G nghopAk; ,jaKk; nfhz;l rhjhuz fpuhkj;J mk;kh. epahaj;jpw;fhfTk; mijj; jl;bf; Nfl;gjw;fhfTk; jdJ ,Ug;gpw;F Vw;glf;$ba neUf;fbfs; Fwpj;J xU fzNkDk; mr;rNkh jaf;fNkh fhl;lhj neUg;G mth;. Kfk; kyHe;J rphpf;Fk; NghJk; MWjy; $wp Njw;Wk; NghJk; fdpTld; G+j;jpUf;Fk; mtuJ tpopfspy; epahak; Nfl;Fk; Ntisapy; neUg;Gr; RlHtpLk;.
vz;gJfspy; Kd;ghjpf;fhy ehl;fspy>; njy;ypg;gio kfh[dhf; fy;Yhupf;F mUfhf ,Ue;j mtuJ ,y;yk; ,isQHfspd; ,yf;fpa murpay; tpthjq;fSf;fhd ikakhf ,Ue;jJ. murpay; tpthjq;fs; fUj;J Nkhjy;fs; vy;yhtw;wpf;Fk; Nkyhf mt; tpthjq;fspYk; Nkhjy;fspYk; me;j ,isQHfSf;fpUe;j jPtpu  ghJfhg;G vd;git gw;wp mtH ftiyAk; mf;fiwAk;
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Page 97
fhl;bdhH.mtu;fs; xt;nthUtu; kPJk; jdpg;gl md;Gfhl;b cztspj;J cgrupj;J kfpo;e;jhu;. Mdhy; xUthplKk; $l mtu;fsJ fUj;Jf;fis tpl;LtpLkhW mtH Nfhhpajpy;iy.
khWgl;l fUj;Jf; nfhz;NlhUf;Fk; mtH md;idahf ,Ue;jhH. xU md;idf;Fhpa fk;gPuj;JlDk; chpikAlDk; mtH mtHfis mjl;bdhH - epahaj;Jf;fhf.
tpLjiy ,af;fq;fs; Njhd;wp ,isQHfs; ntt;NtW mzpfshf ,aq;fj; njhlq;fpa fhyj;jpy;> mtH midtUf;Fk; nghJthd md;idahf ,Ue;jhH. rhp gpiofis mtHfsJ murpaw; Nfhl;ghLfis mbg;gilahf itj;J mtH Muhatpy;;iy. mJ mtUf;F Kf;fpakhfTk; ,Uf;ftpy;iy.
kz;zpNy fhy;gjpj;J epd;w mtUf;F rhpAk; gpioAk; Nfhl;ghLfis kPwp czug;glf; $baitfshf ,Ue;jd. ‘cq;fl Nghf;F rhpapy;iy’ vd;w tpkHrdj;ij mtuhy; ntspg;gilahfr; nrhy;y Kbe;jJ. nrhy;tjw;fhd chpikAk; JzpTk; ,Ug;gjhf mtH czh;e;jhH.
khw;W ,af;fg; gLnfhiyfs; ele;J nfhz;bUe;j 1985 Nk khjj;jpw;F Kd;te;j xU ehs; Njbj; Njb khw;W ,af;f cWg;gpdHfis eha; gpbg;gJ Nghy gpbj;Jf;nfhz;bUe;j gy Nfh\;bfSs; xd;W mk;khtpd; tPl;bd; Kd;Dk; te;J epd;wJ. jlgl vd;W nts;is thdpypUe;J Fjpj;J me;j tPl;bDs; Eise;J xt;nthU miwahfj; NjbaJ. Gj;jfq;fs;> nfhg;gpfs; mykhhpfs;...
vg;NghJk; NghyNt jpwe;jpUe;j me;j tPl;bDs; Eise;j mtHfs; vijj; NjLfpwhHfs;> ahiuj; NjLfpwhHfs;> vjw;fhfj; NjLfpwhHfs; vd;gJ mtHfSf;Nf njhpe;jpUe;jNjh vd;dNth> mjpfhuKk; mjl;lYk; J}s; gwe;jJ. “vq;Nf mtHfs;> vq;Nf mtHfs;?” tstpd; gpd;GwkpUe;j mk;kh tPl;bDs; ahNuh elkhLtijf; fz;L tPL Nehf;fp tpiue;j NghJ mtHfs; Nfl;l Nfs;tp mJ. mk;khtplkpUe;J gae;j mOFuy; fye;j nfQ;Rfpw xU gjpiy vjph;ghHf;fpw mjpfhuf; Fuy; mJ. gjpy; fzPnud;W te;jJ.
‘,Q;ir xUj;jDk; ,y;iy. ePq;fs; Mulh vd;iu tPl;biy te;J vq;if Ml;fs; vd;W Nfl;f?’
,e;j Nfs;tpiaj; njhlHe;J xU fpuhkj;Jg; ngz;Zf;Fhpa tpjj;jpy; epahak; Nfl;Fk; th;j;ij mk;Gfs; rukhupahfg; gha;e;jd. Jg;ghf;fp tPuHfSf;F Jg;ghf;fpiaj; jtpu cjtg; NghtJ
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epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs epidTfs
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mtuJ ,y ez;gHfspd NjrtpLji ,lkhf ,U gilg;Gf;fS tpthjpf;fg;g mit mi ,Ue;jhH. n tpliyfsh epidf;ftpy Nghf;fpy; t nraw;gl;lh
vkJ r%fj fhhpaj;jdK cz;ikAk cWjpahf t jk;kplk; cs tho;e;j jha midj;J m
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mk;kh> jdJ gps;;isfSf;F kl;Lky;y jdJ gps;isfspd; ez;gHfs;> ez;gHfspd; ez;gHfs; vd;W midtUf;Fk; mk;khthf ,Ue;jhH. jkpo; kf;fspd; tpLjiyg; Nghuhl;lj;jpy; gq;F gw;wpa gy;NtW ,af;fq;fisr; NrHe;jtHfSf;Fk; mtH mk;khthf ,Ue;jpUf;fpwhH. Njrj;jpd; tpLjiyg; Nghuhl;lj;jpy; vj;jidNah mk;khf;fs; jk;ik KOikahf mHg;gzpj;Jg; gq;fhw;wpapUf;fpwhHfs;. rptnfq;if mk;kh> mtHfisg; Nghy Neub murpaypy;  ehL kf;fs; vd;W vz;zp ,aq;fpa gy gps;isfSf;F md;idahf ,Ue;jjd; %yk; jdJ mHg;gzpg;ghd gq;fspg;ig nksdkhf nra;jpUf;fpd;whH.
mtuJ ,y;yk; mtuJ gps;isfspdJk; ez;gHfspdJk; ,y;ykhf ,Ue;jJ. NjrtpLjiyf;fhd murpay; fUj;Jf;fis tsHj;j ,lkhf ,Ue;jJ. ,yf;fpag; gj;jphpiffSk; gilg;Gf;fSk; gilf;fg;gl;l> gbj;J tpthjpf;fg;gl;l xU mwpthyakhf mJ ,Ue;jJ. mit midj;jpw;Fk; xU ehafkhf mk;kh ,Ue;jhH. ntl;bg; nghOjha; nghOijf; fopf;Fk; tpliyfshf mtH me;j ,isQHfis epidf;ftpy;iy. mtHfis mtHfsJ ,ay;ghd Nghf;fpy; tsHf;Fk; md;idahf mtH nraw;gl;lhH.
vkJ r%fj;jpy; RaeyKk; nghwhikAk;> fhhpaj;jdKk; tQ;rfKk; kype;j xU #oypy; cz;ikAk;> NeHikAk; topfhl;l ,Wjptiu cWjpahf tUfpd;w midtiuAk; cgrhpj;J jk;kplk; cs;s czitg; gfpHe;jspj;J Mde;jkhf tho;e;j jha; mtH - me;jr; nrhy;Yf;Fhpa midj;J mHj;jq;fspYk;.
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fdf;fpwJ. jha;ikapd; .
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