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re;Njfkh? re;Njfkh? re;Njfkh? re;Njfkh? re;Njfkh? Clftpayhsh; Clftpayhsh; Clftpayhsh; Clftpayhsh; Clftpayhsh; xUthplk; xUthplk; xUthplk; xUthplk; xUthplk; NfSq;fs; NfSq;fs; NfSq;fs; NfSq;fs; NfSq;fs;
Mdhy; Clftpayhsh; kd R Kfk;nfhLf;ff; $ba epiyapy nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mtrpak; ghpr;rakw;w gpuNjrnkhd;wpw;Fr;
gazpf;f KbAkh? my;yJ g nry;ifapy; gpuNjrj;jpd;
Xl;ly;fs; ,y;yhjNghJ cq;f ClftpayhsnuhUthplk;
vd;gJ Kf;fpakhdJ. Njit tprhhpAq;fs;. gpuNjrj;jpy; Mgj;Jf;fs; ,lk; ngwf;$ba ,lq;fs; njhlh;ghf mth;fs;
ciof;fj; jahuha; ,Uf;f Ntz (M) (M) (M) (M) (M) ePq;fs; ePq;fs; ePq;fs; ePq;fs; ePq;fs; cl;GFk; cl;GFk; cl;GFk; cl;GFk; cl;GFk; #o;epiy #o;epiy #o;epiy #o;epiy #o;epiy njhptpf;Fk; jfty;fisf;
nfhs;Sq;fs; nfhs;Sq;fs; nfhs;Sq;fs; nfhs;Sq;fs; nfhs;Sq;fs; NfSq;fs;.
ePq;fs; cl;GFk; ,lj;jpd; m vt;tsT njhpAk;? #o; epiyi
2

hl;bhl;bhl;bhl;bhl;b
Yk;> clyhYk; jk;ik mth;fs; KOikahf jahh;g;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s ;Lk;. tuf;$ba Mgj;Jf;fs; gw;wpa Kd;dwpT> mjw;fhd fhg;G eltbf;if vd;gtw;iw mth;fs; jkjhf;fpf; nfhz;L ve;jr; iyiaAk; jhk; ifahsf;$ba rf;jp ngw;wpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. mth;fs; j;ijAk; tpjpaplk; tpl;Ltpl KbahJ. xU Clftpayhsh; Kw;whf thU Mgj;Jk; tuhky; #o;epiyfis ifahs KbAk; vd;gJ hj fhhpak;. Mdhy; tUk; Mgj;Jf;fisg; gw;wpa mwpit ngUf;fpf; ;L jhk; vLf;f Ntz;ba Jzpfu KbTfis fzpg;gPL nra;af; epiyapy; mth;fs; nraw;gl KbAk;.
ahh; epiyapy; ,y;yhj nra;jpahsUf;Nfh> glg;gpbg;Gf; pdUf;Nfh mjpf Mgj;jpy;yhj #o;epiyfs; $l kpf Mgj;jhdjhf e;J tplyhk;. khwhf kpf Mgj;jhd #o;epiyfs; ey;y fzpg;G> jahh; epiy> ey;y mwpTg; gpuNahfk; vd;gtw;why; Mgj;jw;w iyahf khw;wg;glyhk.;. ey;y jpl;lkply; cq;fis Xh; #o;epiyf;Fs; ;jpy;yhky; Ngha;tu cjTtJ kl;Lky;yhky; cq;fs; nra;jpr; iyapy; cs;s Kf;fpa $Wfs;> gpd;dzpj; jfty; vd;gtw;iw f;Fj; njspTgLj;jp cq;fis Xh; rpwe;j mwpT gilj;j jpwikahd pj; jpul;LduhfNth glg;gpbg;ghsuhfNth cUthf;f KbAk;.
Pq;fs; nry;tjw;F Kd;G Pq;fs; nry;tjw;F Kd;G Pq;fs; nry;tjw;F Kd;G Pq;fs; nry;tjw;F Kd;G Pq;fs; nry;tjw;F Kd;G
cq;fs; Njfepiy gzpf;F Kfk; nfhLf;ff; $ba jahh; cq;fs; Njfepiy gzpf;F Kfk; nfhLf;ff; $ba jahh; cq;fs; Njfepiy gzpf;F Kfk; nfhLf;ff; $ba jahh; cq;fs; Njfepiy gzpf;F Kfk; nfhLf;ff; $ba jahh; cq;fs; Njfepiy gzpf;F Kfk; nfhLf;ff; $ba jahh; yapy; cs;sJ vd;gij cWjp nra;J nfhs;Sq;fs yapy; cs;sJ vd;gij cWjp nra;J nfhs;Sq;fs yapy; cs;sJ vd;gij cWjp nra;J nfhs;Sq;fs yapy; cs;sJ vd;gij cWjp nra;J nfhs;Sq;fs yapy; cs;sJ vd;gij cWjp nra;J nfhs;Sq;fs;.
Ndfkhd Clftpayhsh;fs; jkJ epiyia cah;j;jf; $ba kpf ;jhd re;jh;g;gq;fs; tUk;NghJ mijj; jl;bf;fopf;f tpUk;Gtjpy;iy. hy; Clftpayhsh; kd Rj;jpNahL jhk; cly; hPjpahf mg;gzpf;F ;nfhLf;ff; $ba epiyapy; ,Uf;fpd;Nwhkh? vd;W jk;ikf; Nfl;Lf; ;s Ntz;Lk;. mtrpak; vw;gbd; Xh; ,uT g+uhTk; eilahfg; pf;f KbAkh? my;yJ ghJfhg;Gj; Njb Xl KbAkh? trjpahd ;fs; ,y;yhjNghJ cq;fshy;  r%f #o;epiy gw;wp cq;fSf;F sT njhpAk;? #o; epiyia eph;zapf;Fk; Kf;fpa ebfh;fs; ahh;?

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Mh;g;ghl;lf;fhuh;fSf;F kj;jpapy; nra;jp Nrfhpg;gpy;  cq;fs; Clf epWtdk; vd;gd gw;wp mth;fspd; kNdhe ahJ? cq;fs; ,dj;Jtk; cq;fSf;F mjpf Mgj;ijf; nfhz;L tU Clftpayhsh; kPJ my;yJ Fbkf;fs; kPJ td;Kiwia cgNahfp tuyhW fz;l FOf;fs; VJk; ,Uf;fpd;wdth? ePq;fs; njhpe;J it nfhs;s Ntz;ba Kf;fpa vy;iyfs; vit? ePq;fs; cl;Gf Kb 'jilg;gpuNjrq;fs;'' VJk; cz;lh? ePq;fs; ahhplk; vj;jifa mD ngw Ntz;Lk;? ePq;fs; tPjpapy; ,wq;Fk; NghJ mJ cq;fS ifnfhLf;Fkh?
ePq;fs; nra;jp jpul;lg; NghFk; #o;epiy> kf;fs;> r%fq;fs; vd gw;wpa njspe;j mwpT kpf Kf;fpakhdJ. fyhrhuj;ijNah nkhopia Ghpe;J nfhs;shky; Clftpayhsh; jk;ikawpahkNy kf;fs; kd Gz;gLj;jp jk;ik mth;fsplkpUe;J me;epag;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. , gpur;rpid Njrpa Clftpayhsh;fSf;Ff; $l Vw;glyhk;. jk ghpr;rakpy;yhj ,lj;jpw;Nfh gpuNjrnkhop ghtpf;fg;gLk; ,lj;jpw nry;Yk; NghJ ,g;gpur;rpid Vw;glyhk;. rpy Clftpayhsh; j Ntz;ba fijiag; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s nghWikapoe;Njh my;yJ ghJfhg;gpd;ik czh;Tfis kiwg;gjw;Nfh Xh; Mztg; Nghf njhdpiaf; filg;gpbf;f KbAk;. Mdhy; kf;fis kjpf;fg; go ClftpayhsNuh glg;gpbg;ghsNuh jhd; kf;fs; Mjuitg; ngw Kb

Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b cq;fSf;Fg; Nghjpa jfty; ; nkhop ahJ? Clfk; gw;wp hq;F ahJ? Fwpg;ghf cq;fs; gw;wp mth;fspd; kNdhepiy f Mgj;ijf; nfhz;L tUkh? J td;Kiwia cgNahfpf;Fk; th? ePq;fs; njhpe;J itj;Jf; it? ePq;fs; cl;Gf Kbahj s; ahhplk; vj;jifa mDkjp k; NghJ mJ cq;fSf;Ff;
y> kf;fs;> r%fq;fs; vd;gd yhrhuj;ijNah nkhopiaNah kawpahkNy kf;fs; kdijg; pag;gLj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;. ,e;jg; f; $l Vw;glyhk;. jkf;Fg; p ghtpf;fg;gLk; ,lj;jpw;Nfh ;. rpy Clftpayhsh; jkf;F hWikapoe;Njh my;yJ jkJ ;Nfh Xh; Mztg; Nghf;fhd hy; kf;fis kjpf;fg; goFk; f;fs; Mjuitg; ngw KbAk;.
VjhtJ VjhtJ VjhtJ VjhtJ VjhtJ xU xU xU xU xU tplaj;jpid tplaj;jpid tplaj;jpid tplaj;jpid tplaj;jpid $wKbahj $wKbahj $wKbahj $wKbahj $wKbahj epiyapy; epiyapy; epiyapy; epiyapy; epiyapy; ,Uf;fhjPh;fs; ,Uf;fhjPh;fs; ,Uf;fhjPh;fs; ,Uf;fhjPh;fs; ,Uf;fhjPh;fs;
cq;fSila ehl;bd; gpuhe;jpa gof;f tof;fq;fs;> nkhop> rpe;jpf;Fk; tpjk; gw;wp mwpe;J nfhs;Sq;fs;. kf;fSf;F mth;fSila nkhopapNy miog;gjw;F cq;fSf;F ,aYkhapd; ey;Ywit Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;tjw;F mJ cjtp GhpAk;. cjtp NfhUk; Kiwia mwpe;J nfhs;sTk;.
rfh rfh rfh rfh rfh xUtUld; xUtUld; xUtUld; xUtUld; xUtUld; gazk; gazk; gazk; gazk; gazk; nra;aTk; nra;aTk; nra;aTk; nra;aTk; nra;aTk;
gy;NtW jilfs; cs;s gpuNjrq;fspy; gazQ; nra;Ak; Clftpayhsh;fs; jdpikapy; gazQ; nra;tjid jtph;j;Jf; nfhs;sy; Ntz;Lk;. jdpikapy; gazQ; nra;J Mgj;njhd;wpid Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;tjid tpl Nghl;bahsnuhUtUld; gazQ; nra;J xUtiunahUth; ftdpj;Jf; nfhs;sy; rpwe;jjhFk;.
3

Page 8
Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b
nkhopawpT vg;NghJk; ifn Xh; ,lj;jpy; gzpahw;wg;Nght mbg;gilfisahtJ fw;Wf; nkhop mwpag;glhj my;yJ t FWfpa fhy mwptpg;NghL jpB ,utpy; ePq;fs; nkhopia fw;Wf nkhopiag; NgRk; NghJ mth Xh; Clftpayhsh; vdf;F cq itj;jpaiug; ghh;f;f Ntz;Lk gofpf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.
ePq;fs; Kjd;Kiwahf xU nrd;why; cq;fSf;Fj; njh Clftpayhsh;fSf;F vy;yhk; Kf;fpa Nfs;tpfisf; Nfl;ff; f ,Ug;ghh;fs;. Vw;fdNt jhk ClftpayhsUld; cq;fs; e ghh;f;Fk; ,lq;fisAk; kf;fi egh;fs; mr;#o;epiyfs; gw;wp ePq ,Uf;f khl;lhh;fs;. (,) (,) (,) (,) (,) cq;fs; cq;fs; cq;fs; cq;fs; cq;fs; chpikfisj; chpikfisj; chpikfisj; chpikfisj; chpikfisj; nj nj nj nj nj jPaizg;G tPuh;fs; jhq;fs mjid vg;gbf; ifahs Nt vhpAk; fl;blj;jpw;Fs; Eioa jhk; nra;jpj;jpul;l Ntz;ba cz;ikepiy GhpahkNy mq;F rpy Clftpayhsh;fs; jhk; nry rh;tNjr rl;lq;fs; gw;wpNah> eL jq;fs; chpikfs; gw;wpNah K nra;fpd;whh;fs;. mNdfh; n[  gpuhe;jpa murpa itj;Jf; nfhs;sy; Ntz;Lk;.
rhuhk;rj;ij mwptjw;F 8Mk;> 9Mk; gf;fq;fisg; ghh;f;fTk;.
n[dpth n[dpth n[dpth n[dpth n[dpth cld;ghL cld;ghL
cld;ghL cld;ghL cld;ghL Aj;j fhyj;jpd; NghNjh my Xh; Clftpayhsiuf; nfhiy 4

hl;bhl;bhl;bhl;bhl;b
khopawpT vg;NghJk; ifnfhLf;Fk;. ePq;fs; njhlh;e;J rpwpJ fhyk; lj;jpy; gzpahw;wg;Nghtjha; ,Ue;jhy; mr; #oikT nkhopapd; ;gilfisahtJ fw;Wf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. Clftpayhsh;fs; jkJ p mwpag;glhj my;yJ tuNtw;fg;glhj ,lq;fspy; nra;jp jpul;Lk; a fhy mwptpg;NghL jpBnud;W mDg;gpitf;fg;gl KbAk;. Xh; y; ePq;fs; nkhopia fw;Wf; nfhs;s KbahJ. mg;gpuNjr kf;fspd; piag; NgRk; NghJ mth;fs; cq;fSld; mz;kpf;fpd;whh;fs;. ehd; lftpayhsh; vdf;F cq;fshy; cjt KbAkh? my;yJ 'ehd; xU ;jpaiug; ghh;f;f Ntz;Lk;' Nghd;w Kf;fpa thf;fpaq;fisg; Ngrg;
; nfhs;Sq;fs;.
q;fs; Kjd;Kiwahf xU ehl;bw;Nfh my;yJ gpuNjrj;jpw;Nfh ;why; cq;fSf;Fj; njhpahjJ vt;tsNth ,Uf;Fk;. rpwe;j tpayhsh;fSf;F vy;yhk; njhpe;jpUf;f KbahJ. vd;whYk; mth;fs; a Nfs;tpfisf; Nfl;ff; fw;Wf; nfhs;tjpy; jpwik gilj;jth;fsha; ;ghh;fs;. Vw;fdNt jhk; Ntiy ghh;f;Fk; kf;fis kjpf;Fk; tpayhsUld; cq;fs; el;gpidg; gyg;gLj;Jq;fs;. jhk; Ntiy k; ,lq;fisAk; kf;fisAk; gw;wp Fiw$Wk; mtJ}W NgRk; ; mr;#o;epiyfs; gw;wp ePq;fs; njspthf mwpe;J nfhs;s cjtpaha; ;f khl;lhh;fs;. cq;fs; chpikfisj; njhpe;J nfhs;Sq;fs; cq;fs; chpikfisj; njhpe;J nfhs;Sq;fs; cq;fs; chpikfisj; njhpe;J nfhs;Sq;fs; cq;fs; chpikfisj; njhpe;J nfhs;Sq;fs; cq;fs; chpikfisj; njhpe;J nfhs;Sq;fs;
aizg;G tPuh;fs; jhq;fs; vjph;Nehf;Fk; #o;epiy vg;gbg;gl;lJ> d vg;gbf; ifahs Ntz;Lk; vd;W njhpe;J nfhs;shky; gw;wp ; fl;blj;jpw;Fs; Eioa khl;lhh;fs;. Mdhy; Clftpayhsh;fs; nra;jpj;jpul;l Ntz;ba #o;epiyapy; cs;s Kuz;epiy gw;wpa kepiy GhpahkNy mq;F nry;fpd;wdh;. (mDg;gg;gLfpd;whh;fs;) lftpayhsh;fs; jhk; nry;Yk; ,lq;fs; gw;wpa Nghjpa mwptpd;wp> jr rl;lq;fs; gw;wpNah> eLepiy fz;fhzpg;ghsh;fs; vd;w Kiwapy; ; chpikfs; gw;wpNah Kiwahfj; njhpe;J nfhs;shky; gazk; pd;whh;fs;. mNdfh; n[dpth xg;ge;j tpjpfisNah Nghhpy; hNjhhpd; kdpj chpikr; rl;lk; $Wk; chpikfisNah nrhy;y hjth;fsha; ,Uf;fpd;whh;fs;. jhk; xhplj;jpw;Fr; nry;tjw;F Kd;G ;fs; rh;tNjr nrQ;rpYitr; rq;fk;> If;fpa ehLfs; rigf; fpis dq;fs;> gpuhe;jpa murpay; mikg;Gfs; vd;gd gw;wp njhpe;J ;Jf; nfhs;sy; Ntz;Lk;.
pth cld;ghL pth cld;ghL pth cld;ghL pth cld;ghL pth cld;ghL
j;j fhyj;jpd; NghNjh my;yJ cs;ehl;L fytuk; xd;wpd; NghNjh lftpayhsiuf; nfhiy nra;atJ my;yJ Jd;GWj;jg;gLtJ

Page 9
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xh; Aj;jf; Fw;wr; nray; vd n[dpth cld;ghL tiutpyf;fzk; nra ehLfSf;fpilNaNah my;yJ cs;ehl;L MAj Nkhjy;fspd; Ng nghJ kf;fspd; chpik vJNth mNj chpikia n[dpth cld ClftpayhsUf;F mspf;fpd;wJ. fljhrpapy; vOjg;gl;Ls;s , rl;lk; nfhiy ntwp nfhz;l nfhiyahspia jLj;J epW Nghtjpy;iy. Mdhy; Aj;jf; Fw;wthspfs; ePjpr; rl;lj;jpd; K epWj;jg;gLtJ cyfpy; mjpfhpj;Jf;nfhz;L tUtJ kl;Lk ,uhZtq;fSk; Jizg; gilfSk; Aj;jf; Fw;wk; vd;gJ gw;wpa mw cilath;fshfNt fhzg;gLfpd;whh;fs;. Clftpayhsh;fs; ,e;j mw jq;fSf;Fr; rhjfkhf;fpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ePq;fs; Xh; Aj;j #o;epiy nry;Yfpd;wPh;fs; vd;why; n[dpth cld;ghl;bd; Xh; gpujpia cq;fS vLj;Jr; nry;Yq;fs;. Fwpg;ghf Aj;jj;jpy; rk;ge;jg;glhj nghJ k NghyNt Clftpayhsh; elj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;W Fwpg;gplg;gl;L gFjpia vLj;Jr; nry;Yq;fs;. mg;gFjpia Njitahd v nkhopfspYk; nkhop ngah;j;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. Mdhy; Clftpay Aj;jj;jpy;  MAjk; Ve;jpdhNyh my;yJ csT ghh;j;jh ,j; jifikia ,og;gh; vd;gij kwthjPh;fs;. ,r; nray;fis mt Ghpe;jhy; mth;fs; Clftpayhsuha; ,Uf;fj; jtwptpLfpwhh;fs;. (<) r%ff; fhg;G (<) r%ff; fhg;G (<) r%ff; fhg;G (<) r%ff; fhg;G (<) r%ff; fhg;G
cq;fSf;F VJk; jtW ele;Jtpl;lhy; epiyik vd;d? vj;j fhg;GWjp cq;fsplk; cs;sJ? cq;fs; FLk;gj;jpw;F vd;dth cldbahfj; Njitg;gLtJ kUj;Jt rpfpr;ir my;yJ Gdh;t vd;gjha; ,Uf;fyhk;. Vw;gl;l clw; fhak; my;yJ kdtL vd;gt ,Ue;J tpLgl ePz;lfhy ftdpg;G cq;fSf;Fj; Njitg;gl jq;fshy; gzpGhpa Kbahkw; Nghdhy; jq;fs; Cjpak; Fiwa njhlh;e;J fpilf;Fk; vd;gijAk; jhq;fs; ,wf;Fk; gl;rj;jpy; j FLk;gj;jpdh; njhlh;e;J guhkhpf;fg;gLth; vd;gjidAk; Clftpay njhpe;J itj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. Clfq;fs; ,j;jifa fhg;GWjp t jq;fSf;F epjpgyk; NghjhJ vd;W $wyhk;. Mdhy; vtuhapDk; el nrYj;jpNa Mf Ntz;Lk;. Mdhy; mth; ghjpf;fg;gl;l jdpe ,Uf;ff; $lhJ. gj;jphpif epWtdq;fs; ,e;jj; Njit g+ nra;ag;gLtij cWjpnra;a Ntz;Lk;. fhg;GWjp> kUj;Jt epjpak; vd jd;dpr;irahd gj;jphpifahsUf;Fk;midj;J mq;fj;jpdUf toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
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Page 16
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Kbe;jhy; thfdr; rhujp cq;f eguhf ,Ug;gJ ey;yJ.
ghpNrhjid nra;aTk;.
thfdKk; rhujpAk; ey;y mjpfsT ntg;gkhd Neuj;jpy;
Clftpayhsh; ftr thfd ntbg;gjw;F ,lKz;L. rpwe;j
,Uf;fyhk;. ,j;jifa thf juj;jpy; NkYnkhU uah; ,Ug;gjid cWjp nra;J nfhs;sTk;.
njhiyf;fhl;rp epWtdj;ij el tpiy mjpfkhdJ. cq;fs; thf Ntz;Lk;. ey;y khw;W lah;f vhpnghUs;> jz;zPh; vd;gd ,U my;yJ gj;jphpifahsh; vd;W v Ntz;Lk;. rpy re;jh;g;gq;fspy rpy re;jh;g;gq;fspy; ePq;fs; j gjhiffis ePq;fs; ghtpg;gj 1212121212

hl;bhl;bhl;bhl;bhl;b
iyNehf;Ff; fz;zhb iyNehf;Ff; fz;zhb iyNehf;Ff; fz;zhb iyNehf;Ff; fz;zhb iyNehf;Ff; fz;zhb
g;gpbg;ghsh;fs; Nghh;r;#oypy; jq;fisg; ghJfhf;f njhiyNehf;Ff; hbfisf; nfhz;L nry;tJ mtrpak;. J}u ,Ue;Nj epfo;Tfisg; nra;a ,J cjTk;. rf;jptha;e;j njhiyNehf;Ff; fz;zhb hjNghJ capiug; gzak; itj;J Nkhjy; epfo;TfSf;F hikapy; glk; gpbf;fr; nry;y Ntz;b NehpLk;. cq;fs; epWtdj;jpdh; ha;e;j njhiyNehf;F fz;zhb> ghukpy;yhj glg;gpbg;Gf; fUtp dtw;iw cq;fSf;Fj; jUk;gb cWjp nra;J nfhs;Sq;fs;.
j;J rkpf;iQ j;J rkpf;iQ j;J rkpf;iQ j;J rkpf;iQ j;J rkpf;iQ
h; tprpy; cq;fs; iftrk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ftdj;ij cq;fs; trk; my;yJ mgha mwptpg;Gj; ju ,J cjTk;. cq;fs; FUjp tif ; ey tpguq;fs;> xj;Jtuhj kUe;Jfs; vd;gd gw;wpa tpguk; jUk; Uj;Jt milahsf; fhg;gpid ifapy; mzpe;jpUq;fs;. jitg; nghUl;fs; jitg; nghUl;fs; jitg; nghUl;fs; jitg; nghUl;fs; jitg; nghUl;fs;
h;f;fhuk;> Nghh;it> Jtha; Nghd;w RaNjitg; nghUl;fs; ytplq;fSf;Fr; nry;Yk; NghJ nfhz;L nry;Yq;fs;. fj;jpw;Fhpa cgfuzq;fis vLj;Jr; nry;Yq;fs;. cq;fs; gw;fs;> ;fs;> ,uz;ilAk; ghJfhj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. thfdj;ij jahh;g;gLj;Jq;fs; thfdj;ij jahh;g;gLj;Jq;fs; thfdj;ij jahh;g;gLj;Jq;fs; thfdj;ij jahh;g;gLj;Jq;fs; thfdj;ij jahh;g;gLj;Jq;fs;
jhiytplq;fspy; gzpahw;Wtjhdhy; thfdk; iftrk; ,Uf;f ;Lk;. cq;fs; Nghf;Ftuj;ij Jhpjg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf kl;Lky;y jw;Ff; f\;lkhd nghUl;fis itj;jpUg;gjw;F thfdk; mtrpak;. ;jhy; thfdr; rhujp cq;fs; FOitr; Nrh;e;j mh;g;gzKs;s Xh;
,Ug;gJ ey;yJ.
hfdKk; rhujpAk; ey;y epiyapy; ,Ug;gJ mtrpak;. rh;tNjr tpayhsh; ftr thfdj;ijg; ngWk; tha;g;Gilath;fsha; ;fyhk;. ,j;jifa thfdk; MWkhjk; njhlh;e;J Xh; rpwpa yf;fhl;rp epWtdj;ij elj;Jtjw;F nrythFk; gzj;ijAk; tpl mjpfkhdJ. cq;fs; thfdj;jpd; ,ae;jpuk; ey;y epiyapy; ,aq;f ;Lk;. ey;y khw;W lah;fs; iftrk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. Nkyjpf hUs;> jz;zPh; vd;gd ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. cq;fs; thfdj;jpy; Clfk; J gj;jphpifahsh; vd;W vOjp xl;Ltjh vd;gij ePq;fs; jPh;khdpf;f ;Lk;. rpy re;jh;g;gq;fspy; ,J cq;fSf;Fg; ghJfhg;G mspf;Fk;. e;jh;g;gq;fspy; ePq;fs; jhf;FjYf;F ,yf;fhfyhk;. ,g;gbg;gl;l ffis ePq;fs; ghtpg;gjha; ,Ue;jhy; cq;fs; thfdj;jpd; Nky;

Page 17
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$iuapYk; gf;fq;fspYk; xl;Lq;fs;. mg;NghJ jhd; tpkhdq;fs; cq;f milahsk; fhzyhk;. ePq;fs; xl;Lk; gjhiffis Njitg;gbd; c mfw;wf; $ba epiyapy; mit ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. thf gOJgl;lhNyh> Gije;jhNyh ,Oj;Jr; nry;yf; $ba trjp mike;j ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. xt;nthU thfdj;jpYk; KjYjtpg; ngl;b jPaizg;G cgfuzKk; ,Uj;jy; mtrpak;.
rhujp mDgtrhypahfTk; epjhdk; cilatuhAk; ,Uj;j y; mtr mth; thfdj;ij ftdkhfr; nrYj;Jgtuhf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. kPJ cq;fshy; ek;gpf;if itf;f KbahjpUg;gpd; tpgj;J Neuhj Nghj ePq;fs; kdf;fisg;gilayhk;. ,J cq;fs; J}f;fj;ijg; ghjpf;fyhk;. e fhyj;jpw;nfd Xh; rhujpia epakpj;jhy; cq;fSf;F mspf;fg; ghJfhg;G mtUf;Fk; mspf;f;gLtij cWjp nra;Aq;fs;. rhujp a mioj;Jr; nry;fpd;whNuh mt;tpdj;ijNah ehl;ilNah Nruhjt ,Ug;gpd; Nrhjidr; rhtbfspy; gpur;rpidfSf;F Kfk; nfhLf;f Ne (c) rhpahd Milfisf; nfhz;L nry;Yq;fs;
ePq;fs; nfhz;L nry;y Ntz;ba Milfs; fhyepiy> jq;f Ntz fhy vy;iy vd;gtw;iwg; nghWj;jJ. fhyzpfhyzpfhyzpfhyzpfhyzp
Njitg;gbd; ePz;lNeuk; elg;gjw;F trjpaha; cq;fs; fhyzp , Ntz;Lk;. ghukw;w> ePiu cwpQ;rhj fhyzpfs; jukhdit. mit fhY trjpaha; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ePq;fs; gazj;ij Muk;gpg;gjw;F Gjpjhf mtw;iw thq;f Ntz;lhk;. ghjq;fSf;F ,uz;L ciwf mzpaf; $bajha; ,ltrjp ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. cq;fs; Mil rk;ge;jk ghh;f;Fk; NghJ ghjzp kpf Kf;fpakhdnjhd;whf mikfpwJ. trjpahd MilAk; E}yhilAk trjpahd MilAk; E}yhilAk trjpahd MilAk; E}yhilAk trjpahd MilAk; E}yhilAk trjpahd MilAk; E}yhilAk;
gy re;jh;g;gq;fspy; xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l Milfis ePq;fs; m Ntz;b tUk;. Nkyhilfs; trjpahditahf mika Ntz cs;shilfs; E}yhilfsha; my;yJ ,aw;if Jzptifapd mikjy; ed;W. cq;fs; Mil Nghh; tPuhpd; MilNghy; Njh nfhz;ljha; mikaf; $lhJ. cq;fs; Mil rPUil Nghyy;y gyth;zk; nfhz;ljha; miktJ ed;W. cq;fs; igapy; ftd  jq;f Ntz;ba
rjpaha; cq;fs; fhyzp ,Uf;f fs; jukhdit. mit fhYf;F zj;ij Muk;gpg;gjw;F Kd; q;fSf;F ,uz;L ciwfis k;. cq;fs; Mil rk;ge;jkhfg; jhd;whf mikfpwJ.
;l Milfis ePq;fs; mzpa itahf mika Ntz;Lk;. ,aw;if Jzptifapdjha; Puhpd; MilNghy; Njhw;wk; Mil rPUil Nghyy;yhky; . cq;fs; igapy; ftdj;ij JzpNah my;yJ nts;isf; j; JzpNah iftrk; ,Uf;f hLf;fr; rpwe;j njhg;gpnahd;iw
1313131313

Page 18
Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b
ghJfhg;G Mil ghJfhg;G Mil ghJfhg;G Mil ghJfhg;G Mil ghJfhg;G Mil
Jg;ghf;fpr; #LfSf;F kj;j ghJfhg;G juf;$ba Milaha Jisf;f Kbahj [hf;nfl;Lfi kl;ghz;l ftrk; ghukw;wJ. M [hf;nfl;Lfs; rpwpa MAjq;fs rf;jptha;e;j MAjq;fspypUe;J [hf;nfl;Lk; ,Ugf;f ftrKk; ,j;NjhL jiyf; ftrj;ijA XlKbahJ. ngz;fSf;F ghJ tpiyahdit. glg;gpbg;ghsh Ntz;b ,Ug;gjhy; jq;fs; fuq mzpa Ntz;Lk;. vy;yh [hf Ntz;Lk;. ,tw;wpd; tpiy fl;Lg;gbahfhJ vd;W $w fl;lzj;ijg; gfpuyhk; my;y Nfhuyhk; vd;gJ gw;wp mth;fS
ghJfhg;G Milfis m tpthjj;jpw;Fhpanjhd;W. gh Ntfj;ijf; jzpf;fpwJ. Md ,y;iyah vd;w njhpT vy;y Fwpg;ghf cs;ehl;L Clftpa Clftpayhsuhy; mzpag;gl thfdj;jpw;Fs; ,Ug;gth;fs; jq
1414141414

hl;bhl;bhl;bhl;bhl;b
fhg;G Mil fhg;G Mil fhg;G Mil fhg;G Mil fhg;G Mil
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hJfhg;G Milfis mzptjh ,y;iyah vd;gJ ngUk; jj;jpw;Fhpanjhd;W. ghJfhg;G Milfs; Clftpayhshpd; ;ijf; jzpf;fpwJ. Mdhy; ghJfhg;G Milfis mzptjh yah vd;w njhpT vy;yh ClftpayhsUf;Fk; fpilg;gjpy;iy. ;ghf cs;ehl;L ClftpayhsUf;F ,e;j tug;gpurhjk; ,y;iy. tpayhsuhy; mzpag;glhj ftr Mil thfdj;jpy; tplg;gl;lhy; j;jpw;Fs; ,Ug;gth;fs; jq;fs; ghJfhg;gpw;fhf mtw;iw mzpayhk;.

Page 19
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Clftpayhsh;fspd; ghJfhg;ig cWjp nra;a Mz;L [{iy khjk; nfhOk;gpy; itj;J Clf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l Mh;g;ghl;lj;jpd; NghJ Kf% nfhz;l Cl
glg;gpbg;G : [d glg;gpbg;G : [d glg;gpbg;G : [d glg;gpbg;G : [d glg;gpbg;G : [d

Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b
; ghJfhg;ig cWjp nra;af; Nfhhp 1999 Mk; nfhOk;gpy; itj;J Clftpayhsh;fspdhy; ;g;ghl;lj;jpd; NghJ Kf%b mzpe;J fye;J nfhz;l ClftpayhsnuhUth;.
glg;gpbg;G : [dg;gphpa rkujpthfu glg;gpbg;G : [dg;gphpa rkujpthfu glg;gpbg;G : [dg;gphpa rkujpthfu glg;gpbg;G : [dg;gphpa rkujpthfu glg;gpbg;G : [dg;gphpa rkujpthfu
1515151515

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Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b
nghJthd ghJfhg;Gg; gw;wpa
vy;yh Neuq;fspYk; ifahs vy;yh Neuq;fspYk; ifahs vy;yh Neuq;fspYk; ifahs vy;yh Neuq;fspYk; ifahs vy;yh Neuq;fspYk; ifahs topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b
ve;NeuKk; mtjhdj;J vt;tpj mghafukhd # njhlh;r;rpahd fhhpaf; nry;Yk; topfisAk; k ghJfhg;G topfisAk; k Neh;j;jpahfTk;> fz;zpa cq;fisr; Rw;wp ,Ug;gt njhpag;gLj;Jq;fs;. ePq;f cj;Njrpj;jpUf;fpwPh;fs; v Jq;fs;. Jg;ghpTfis F elhj;Jq;fs;. eilKiwfisg; gpd fhhpaq;fis Kjd;ik
jdpegh; elj;ij jdpegh; elj;ij jdpegh; elj;ij jdpegh; elj;ij jdpegh; elj;ij
ey;y cly; kw;Wk; cs (NghjpasT Xa;Tk;> cl Neh;j;jpahf Mil mz ele;J nfhs;sTk;.
Kbe;jsT xU FOTl $l;lk; ,Uf;Fk; ,lj;j kjpf;Fk; tz;zk; ele; kw;wth;fSf;F cq;fs Milfis mzpahj Jg;ghf;fpiaNah my;y nfhz;L nry;yhjPh;fs;. ePq;fs; re;jpf;Fk; egh;fN msNthL cwthLq;fs czh;Tfisf; fl;Lg;gL
1616161616

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h Neuq;fspYk; ifahsg;gl Ntz;ba jdpegh; ghJfhg;G h Neuq;fspYk; ifahsg;gl Ntz;ba jdpegh; ghJfhg;G h Neuq;fspYk; ifahsg;gl Ntz;ba jdpegh; ghJfhg;G h Neuq;fspYk; ifahsg;gl Ntz;ba jdpegh; ghJfhg;G h Neuq;fspYk; ifahsg;gl Ntz;ba jdpegh; ghJfhg;G pfhl;bpfhl;bpfhl;bpfhl;bpfhl;b
ve;NeuKk; mtjhdj;JldpUe;J> jpBh; vd Njhd;wf; $ba vt;tpj mghafukhd #o;epiyf;Fk; jahuhftpUj;jy;. njhlh;r;rpahd fhhpaf; fpukj;jpid jtph;f;f thfdq;fisAk;> nry;Yk; topfisAk; khw;wpf; nfhz;Nl ,Uq;fs;. ghJfhg;G topfisAk; kw;Wk; topfhl;bfisAk; iff; nfhs;tjpy; Neh;j;jpahfTk;> fz;zpaj;JlDk; ele;J nfhs;sTk;. cq;fisr; Rw;wp ,Ug;gth;fSf;F cq;fs; eltbf;iffisf; Fwpj;J njhpag;gLj;Jq;fs;. ePq;fs; vq;F ,Ug;gPh;fs; vd;Wk;> vd;d nra;a cj;Njrpj;jpUf;fpwPh;fs; vd;gjidAk; mth;fSf;F njhpag;gLj;- Jq;fs;. Jg;ghpTfis Fiwe;jgl;rk; ,d;Dk; xUtUlNkDk; elhj;Jq;fs;. eilKiwfisg; gpd;gw;Wq;fs; - Mdhy; Njit Vw;gbd; fhhpaq;fis Kjd;ik Vw;Wr; nra;a mQ;r Ntz;lhk;.
dpegh; elj;ij dpegh; elj;ij dpegh; elj;ij dpegh; elj;ij dpegh; elj;ij
ey;y cly; kw;Wk; cs MNuhf;fpa epyikiag; NgZq;fs; (NghjpasT Xa;Tk;> clw;gapw;rpAk; vLq;fs;). Neh;j;jpahf Mil mzpe;J nghJkf;fSld; [hf;fpuijAld; ele;J nfhs;sTk;. ◆Kbe;jsT xU FOTld; ntspapy; nry;Yq;fs; my;yJ rdf; $l;lk; ,Uf;Fk; ,lj;jpw;Fr; nry;Yq;fs;. kw;wth;fs; cq;fis kjpf;Fk; tz;zk; ele;J nfhs;Sq;fs;. kw;wth;fSf;F cq;fs; kPJ re;Njfk; Vw;gLk; tifapyhd Milfis mzpahjPh;fs;> cjhuzkhf ,uhZt Mil> Jg;ghf;fpiaNah my;yJ vJtpj MAjj;ijNah cq;fSld; nfhz;L nry;yhjPh;fs;. ePq;fs; re;jpf;Fk; egh;fNshL my;yJ cjtp nra;Ak; egh;fNshL msNthL cwthLq;fs;. xU neUf;fb Vw;gLk; NghJ cq;fs; czh;Tfisf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jq;fs;.

Page 21
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cq;fshy; ,ayhj fhhpaj;ij my;yJ cjtpia xU Ngh nra;tPh;fs; vd;W rj;jpak; nra;ahjPh;fs;. vtUk; cq;fSld; gifikAld; ele;J nfhz;lhy; mikjp ,Uq;fs;> Neuj;ijf; flf;f Kaw;rpAq;fs;> cah; mjpfhhpfS fijf;FkhW $Wq;fs;> NtnwhU ,lj;jpid cj;NjrpAq;fs;. egiu njhlh;e;J Nehf;Fq;fs;. Mdhy; mth; fz;f Nehf;fhjPh;fs;. ePq;fs; me;egUf;F vd;d elf;fpwJ vd;gji mwpe;jpUf;fpwPh;fs; vd;gjid czh;j;Jq;fs;. vtNuDk; cq;fisf; nfhiy nra;tjhf mr;RWj;jpdhy;> mj chpa mjpfhhpfsplk; mwptpAq;fs;. jtwhd jfty;fs; V nfhLf;fhjPh;fs;. jtph;g;G Kiwfisf; ifahSq;fs;. (, khWq;fs;> nry;Yk; topia khw;Wq;fs;) vq;fpUe;J> ahhplkpU mr;RWj;jy; te;jJ vd;gjid mwpAq;fs;. me;eghpd; cly;> epiyikfisAk; vz;zq;fisAk; fzpg;gpLq;fs;. KbAkhd Xh; nghJ ,lj;jpy;> nghyp]; epiyaj;jpy; mt vjph;nfhs;Sq;fs;. my;yJ mtiur; re;jpg;gij jtph;j nfhs;Sq;fs;.
Fz;Lj; jhf;Fjy; mr;RWj;jy; fhzg;gLk; NghJ vLf;f Ntz;b Fz;Lj; jhf;Fjy; mr;RWj;jy; fhzg;gLk; NghJ vLf;f Ntz;b Fz;Lj; jhf;Fjy; mr;RWj;jy; fhzg;gLk; NghJ vLf;f Ntz;b Fz;Lj; jhf;Fjy; mr;RWj;jy; fhzg;gLk; NghJ vLf;f Ntz;b Fz;Lj; jhf;Fjy; mr;RWj;jy; fhzg;gLk; NghJ vLf;f Ntz;b eltbf;iffs; eltbf;iffs; eltbf;iffs; eltbf;iffs; eltbf;iffs;
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Fz;L vg;NghJ ntbf;Fk;? mJ vq;Nf itf;fg;gl;lJ? mJ vg;NghJ itf;fg;gl;lJ? mjd; Njhw;wk; vt;thW ,Uf;Fk;? mJ vt;tifahd ntb Fz;L? mJ vt;thW ntbf;Fk;? ePq;fs;mjid itj;jPh;fsh? ePq;fs; Vd; mijr; nra;jPh;fs;? cq;fSila ngah; vd;d? ahh; ePq;fs;? ehk; cq;fSld; vt;thW njhlh;G nfhs;tJ?

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y;yJ cjtpia xU NghJk;
jPh;fs;.
le;J nfhz;lhy; mikjpahf pAq;fs;> cah; mjpfhhpfSld; lj;jpid cj;NjrpAq;fs;. me; . Mdhy; mth; fz;fis vd;d elf;fpwJ vd;gjid h;j;Jq;fs;. ;tjhf mr;RWj;jpdhy;> mjid s;. jtwhd jfty;fs; VJk; isf; ifahSq;fs;. (,lk; ;fs;) vq;fpUe;J> ahhplkpUe;J pAq;fs;. me;eghpd; cly;> cs ; fzpg;gpLq;fs;. KbAkhdhy; ]; epiyaj;jpy; mtiu iur; re;jpg;gij jtph;j;Jf;
Lk; NghJ vLf;f Ntz;ba Lk; NghJ vLf;f Ntz;ba Lk; NghJ vLf;f Ntz;ba Lk; NghJ vLf;f Ntz;ba Lk; NghJ vLf;f Ntz;ba
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1717171717

Page 22
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(M) njhiyNgrp miog;ig
vq;fpUe;J miog;ig Vw Kaw;rpAq;fs;.
Fuy; (jd;ik> cr;rhpg;G> nkhop (njspT> gFj;jw gjpT nra;jy;). gpd;dzp (tPjp ,iur;ry ePq;fs; Fuypid mil miog;gpd; NeuKk; m
re;Njfj;Jf;Fhpa xU nghU re;Njfj;Jf;Fhpa xU nghU re;Njfj;Jf;Fhpa xU nghU re;Njfj;Jf;Fhpa xU nghU re;Njfj;Jf;Fhpa xU nghU Ntz;baJ vd;d? Ntz;baJ vd;d? Ntz;baJ vd;d? Ntz;baJ vd;d? Ntz;baJ vd;d?
mjid xU NghJk; njhl my;yJ ,aq;fhky; ,U Ntz;lhk;. mjpy; nehbr; rj;jk; my;y fhyp nra;Aq;fs;. mg;nghUisr; Rw;wp Fi cUthf;Fq;fs;. njhiyNgrpiaNah> m cgfuzj;jpidNah mjd
nghjp Fz;Lfis mwpe;J n nghjp Fz;Lfis mwpe;J n nghjp Fz;Lfis mwpe;J n nghjp Fz;Lfis mwpe;J n nghjp Fz;Lfis mwpe;J n
rk;ge;jkpy;yhj vil> m nghJthf xU cWjpahd ghhpa nghjpia fl;Ltjw ftdj;ij jpir jpUg nghpastpyhd gy Kj;j ghhpa vz;zpf;ifapyhd my;yJ "if %yk;" vd cq;fs; jghy; te;jilA xd;wpidf; nfhLf;fTk;.
eil gazk; eil gazk; eil gazk; eil gazk; eil gazk;
,utpy; Ntfj;ij tpl> epj Vw;w tpjj;jpy; cq;fs; M 1818181818

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njhiyNgrp miog;ig Vw;gLj;Jgtiuf; Fwpj;J my;yJ mth; vq;fpUe;J miog;ig Vw;gLj;Jfpwhh; vd;gjidf; Fwpj;Jf; nfhs;s Kaw;rpAq;fs;.
Fuy; (jd;ik> cr;rhpg;G> mOj;jk;> Ntfk; kw;Wk; NgRk; Kiw) nkhop (njspT> gFj;jwpT> nra;jpia Ghpe;J nfhs;Sk; Kiw> gjpT nra;jy;). gpd;dzp (tPjp ,iur;ry;> ,ir> nehbr; rj;jk;) ePq;fs; Fuypid milahsk; fz;L nfhz;Bh;fsh? miog;gpd; NeuKk; mjd; fhyKk;
jfj;Jf;Fhpa xU nghUis ePq;fs; fhZk; NghJ nra;a jfj;Jf;Fhpa xU nghUis ePq;fs; fhZk; NghJ nra;a jfj;Jf;Fhpa xU nghUis ePq;fs; fhZk; NghJ nra;a jfj;Jf;Fhpa xU nghUis ePq;fs; fhZk; NghJ nra;a jfj;Jf;Fhpa xU nghUis ePq;fs; fhZk; NghJ nra;a
;baJ vd;d? ;baJ vd;d? ;baJ vd;d? ;baJ vd;d? ;baJ vd;d?
mjid xU NghJk; njhl Ntz;lhk;> mJ ntbf;fg; NghtjhfNth my;yJ ,aq;fhky; ,Ug;gJ Nghy ,Ue;jhYk; mjid njhl Ntz;lhk;. mjpy; nehbr; rj;jk; my;yJ Gif te;jhy;> mt;tplj;ij cldbahf fhyp nra;Aq;fs;. mg;nghUisr; Rw;wp Fiwe;jJ 100 mb ghJfhg;G tyaj;jpid cUthf;Fq;fs;. njhiyNgrpiaNah> my;yJ vJtpj miythpir nfhz;l cgfuzj;jpidNah mjd; mUfpy; ghtpf;fhjPh;fs;.
jp Fz;Lfis mwpe;J nfhs;Sk; Kiw jp Fz;Lfis mwpe;J nfhs;Sk; Kiw jp Fz;Lfis mwpe;J nfhs;Sk; Kiw jp Fz;Lfis mwpe;J nfhs;Sk; Kiw jp Fz;Lfis mwpe;J nfhs;Sk; Kiw
rk;ge;jkpy;yhj vil> msT kw;Wk; gug;igf; nfhz;bUj;jy;. nghJthf xU cWjpahd nghjp my;yJ jghy; ciw ghhpa nghjpia fl;Ltjw;Fg; gad;gLj;jpa ghhpasT nghUl;fs; ftdj;ij jpir jpUg;Gtjw;fhd Fwpg;Gf;fs; (rpj;jpuk;> nghpastpyhd gy Kj;jpiufs;) ghhpa vz;zpf;ifapyhd Kj;jpiufs;"mtruk;"> "me;juq;fkhdJ" my;yJ "if %yk;" vd Fwpf;fg;gl;l nghjpfs;. cq;fs; jghy; te;jilAk; ,lj;jpw;F> ,f; Fwpg;Gf;fspd; gpujp xd;wpidf; nfhLf;fTk;.
gazk; gazk; gazk; gazk; gazk;
,utpy; Ntfj;ij tpl> epjhdk; kpfTk; Kf;fpakhdJ. fhyepiyf;F Vw;w tpjj;jpy; cq;fs; Mil mika Ntz;Lk;.

Page 23
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Nlg; nuf;fhh;lh;fspy;> fkuhf;fspy;> NubNahf;fspy; ,Uf;Fk Fkpopfis mizj;J my;yJ kiwj;J tpLq;fs;. xspj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; ,lq;fSf;Nfw;g Neu ml;lt mikf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,Ul;lhd ,lj;jpy; ,Uq;fs;> ,l khw;Wtjw;F mQ;r Ntz;lhk;> mbf;fb epd;W> mtjhdpAq FOTld; ,Uf;Fk; NghJ> re;jpf;Fk; ,lq;fis Kd; $l jPh;khdpAq;fs;. ntspr;rk; my;yJ xsp Vw;gl;lhy;> epyj;jpy; Fg;Gu gLj;J nts mfd;wTld; vOq;fs;. cq;fsplk; ,Uf;Fk; xspfis (fUtpf ftdkhfg; ghtpAq;fs;. Xh; Aj;jg; gpuNjrj;ijf; flf;Fk; NghJ Xh; Aj;jg; gpuNjrj;ijf; flf;Fk; NghJ Xh; Aj;jg; gpuNjrj;ijf; flf;Fk; NghJ Xh; Aj;jg; gpuNjrj;ijf; flf;Fk; NghJ Xh; Aj;jg; gpuNjrj;ijf; flf;Fk; NghJ
jtph;f;f Kbahj re;jh;g;gq;fspy; jtpu Aj;j gpuNjrq;fi flg;gjw;F Kaw;rpf;f Ntz;lhk;. flg;gjw;F Kd;dk; j ml;ltizia ftdkhfg; gbAq;fs; (Kbe;jhy; ghlkhf;Fq cq;fs; thfdj;ij ghpNrhjpAq;fs;>
KbAkhdhy; Fz;L Jisf;fhj Xh; ghJfhg;G Milia mz nfhs;Sq;fs;. mg;gpuNjrj;ijf; $ba tpiutpy; flTq;fs;.
ePq;fs; Clfj;ij Nrh;e;jth; vd;gjw;fhd milahsj;ij vL nry;Yq;fs;. c-k; thfdj;jpy; 'Clfk;' vd;w rpd;dj;ijj; j gazpAq;fs;. Nrhjidr; rhtbiaf; flf;Fk; NghJ Nrhjidr; rhtbiaf; flf;Fk; NghJ Nrhjidr; rhtbiaf; flf;Fk; NghJ Nrhjidr; rhtbiaf; flf;Fk; NghJ Nrhjidr; rhtbiaf; flf;Fk; NghJ
Nrhjid nra;gth;fis mtjhdpAq;fs;. mth;fs; vt;th MAjq;fis itj;jpUf;fpwhh;fs;> mth;fs; mtw;iw if my;yJ Njhspyh Rkf;fpwhh;fs;> vt;tsT ,isat (gapw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lth;fsh my;yJ mDgtkw;wth;fsh?) Mi (rhjhuz my;yJ ,uhZt)> mth;fs; elj;ij> Nfhgk; my gjw;wk; vd;gtw;wpw;Nfw;g cq;fis jahh;g;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sq
ghhpa mghak; Vw;gLk; NghJ jpUk;gpr; nry;Yq;fs;. ,j ftdj;ij  xd;wpd; gpd; xd nry;Yq;fs;. Nrhjidapd; NghJ jpBh; vd;W mirahjPh;fs;. iffis vg;Ng njhpAk; gb itAq;fs;. mikjpahfTk;> el;GlDk; e nfhs;Sq;fs;.

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NubNahf;fspy; ,Uf;Fk; rpW wj;J tpLq;fs;. f;Nfw;g Neu ml;ltiz ,lj;jpy; ,Uq;fs;> ,lj;ij f;fb epd;W> mtjhdpAq;fs;. k; ,lq;fis Kd; $l;bNa
pyj;jpy; Fg;Gu gLj;J ntspr;rk; Uf;Fk; xspfis (fUtpfis)
ghJghJghJghJghJ
jtpu Aj;j gpuNjrq;fisf; ;. flg;gjw;F Kd;dk; jpl;l ;fs; (Kbe;jhy; ghlkhf;Fq;fs;)
ghJfhg;G Milia mzpe;J ba tpiutpy; flTq;fs;.
w;fhd milahsj;ij vLj;Jr; fk;' vd;w rpd;dj;ijj; jhq;fp
J
pAq;fs;. mth;fs; vt;thwhd mth;fs; mtw;iw ifapyh ;> vt;tsT ,isath;fs; Dgtkw;wth;fsh?) Milfs; ;fs; elj;ij> Nfhgk; my;yJ jahh;g;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.
pUk;gpr; nry;Yq;fs;. ,jid ;bw;F mfg;glhky; nra;Aq;fs;. e;jhy;> xd;wpd; gpd; xd;whfr;
rahjPh;fs;. iffis vg;NghJk; pahfTk;> el;GlDk; ele;J
1919191919

Page 24
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gae;J> mlq;fp my;yJ gy;NtW mDkjpg; gj;jpuq tplhjPh;fs;. cq;fs; nkhopia mwpe;jt tplhjPh;fs;> vdNt vd ftdkha; ,Uq;fs;. mtrpakpd;Nwy;> cq;fs; cq;fs; thfdj;jpd; vd;[ cq;fs; nghUl;fis m tpUg;gkpd;ikia njhpag nra;ahjPh;fs;. Ngrpg;ghUq;fs;> FOj; ji
rpy Fwpg;Gf;fs; rpy Fwpg;Gf;fs; rpy Fwpg;Gf;fs; rpy Fwpg;Gf;fs; rpy Fwpg;Gf;fs;
ePq;fs; epw;Fk; tpjj;jpy; c tz;zk; vr;rhpf;ifaha; ,
fl;blnkhd;wpd; eLtpy; k gy thry;fs; cs;sdth> v thry;fspYk; jilankhd
ePq;fs; tPnlhd;wpDs; g ad;dy;fspy; epoy; tpohj
fl;blj;jpDs; EioAk; Ng nghJthf kdpjg; nghjpfs cldbahfj; njhlhjPh;f nfhs;Sq;fs;> Xl;liwapy ngwTk;.
kiwe;jpUe;J jhf;Fjy; elj kiwe;jpUe;J jhf;Fjy; elj kiwe;jpUe;J jhf;Fjy; elj kiwe;jpUe;J jhf;Fjy; elj kiwe;jpUe;J jhf;Fjy; elj
tPjp %lg;glhky; ,Ue;jhy ntspNaWq;fs;
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gae;J> mlq;fp my;yJ %h;f;fj;jdkhf ele;J nfhs;shjPh;fs;. gy;NtW mDkjpg; gj;jpuq;fis itj;jpUe;jhy; jtwhdijf; fhl;b tplhjPh;fs;. cq;fs; nkhopia mwpe;jth; ahNuDk; ,Uf;fyhk; vd;gjid kwe;J tplhjPh;fs;> vdNt vd;d NgRfpwPh;fs; vd;gjidf; Fwpj;J ftdkha; ,Uq;fs;. mtrpakpd;Nwy;> cq;fs; thfdj;ij tpl;L ntspapy; tuhjPh;fs;. cq;fs; thfdj;jpd; vd;[pid epWj;jhjPh;fs;. cq;fs; nghUl;fis mth;fs; vLj;Jf; nfhz;lhy;> cq;fs; tpUg;gkpd;ikia njhpag;gLj;Jq;fs;> Mdhy; msTf;F mjpfkhf nra;ahjPh;fs;. Ngrpg;ghUq;fs;> FOj; jiytDld; fijAq;fs;.
py Fwpg;Gf;fs; py Fwpg;Gf;fs; py Fwpg;Gf;fs; py Fwpg;Gf;fs; py Fwpg;Gf;fs;
Pq;fs; epw;Fk; tpjj;jpy; cq;fis Xh; Nghuhsp vd;W fzpg;gplhj
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Pq;fs; tPnlhd;wpDs; gpuNtrpf;Fk; NghJ> fjtpy; my;yJ d;dy;fspy; epoy; tpohj tz;zk; jtph;j;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.
l;blj;jpDs; EioAk; NghJ> thriy jhz;b cl;nry;Yq;fs;. (,J ghJthf kdpjg; nghjpfs; itf;fg;gLk; ,lk;). cs;Ns vjidAk; ldbahfj; njhlhjPh;fs;. kj;jpa miw xd;wpy; kiwe;J fhs;Sq;fs;> Xl;liwapy; md;wp kj;jpa miwapy; ghJfhg;ig gwTk;.
we;jpUe;J jhf;Fjy; elj;jg;gl;lhy; we;jpUe;J jhf;Fjy; elj;jg;gl;lhy; we;jpUe;J jhf;Fjy; elj;jg;gl;lhy; we;jpUe;J jhf;Fjy; elj;jg;gl;lhy; we;jpUe;J jhf;Fjy; elj;jg;gl;lhy;
Pjp %lg;glhky; ,Ue;jhy; : mgha tyaj;jpypUe;J mjpNtfkhf tspNaWq;fs;
ukhhpj; Jg;ghf;fpj; jhf;Fjypdhy; tPjp milf;fg;gl;lhy; thfdj;ij
pl;L ftdkhf ntspNaWq;fs;
hfdj;jpd; mUfpy; ,Uq;fs; (ftdkha; ,Uq;fs; : vd;[pd; gpuNjrk; hj;jpuNk Jg;ghf;fpf; #l;bypUe;J cq;fisg; ghJfhf;f ty;yJ).

Page 25
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vjph;g;Gj; njhptpg;gJk; jg;gpr; nry;tJk; gad; mspf;Fk; fUjpdhy; khj;jpuk; mt;thW nra;aTk;.
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gpuahd Kiw.
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2121212121

Page 26
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mth;fs; cq;fs; ngai gjw;wj;ijf; Fiwf;f cjT
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jait vjph;ghh;g;gJ Nghy
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Nfl;fg;gl;lhy;> cq;fs; F cq;fis milahsg;gLj Kd; thUq;fs;.
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hd cld;ghl;L thrfk;
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nra;ayhk;. gj;jphpif M msTf;fjpfkhd mOj;jj;ij Ntz;Lk;.
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mbg;gilf; nfhs;if 6 - f
mghafukhd #o;epiyfs mth;fspd; cjtpahsh;fSf;Fk Ntiyfspy; fhg;GWjp toq;fg
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wptpj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
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ghafukhd #o;epiyfspy; thOk; Clftpayhsh;fSf;Fk;> ;fspd; cjtpahsh;fSf;Fk; RfaPdk;> kPs; mDg;Gjy;> caph; ,og;G yfspy; fhg;GWjp toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. mghafukhd gzpfSf;F

Page 29
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Aj;j my;yJ mghafukhd #o;epiyfspypUe;J jpUk Clftpayhsh;fSf;Fk;> mth;fs; gjtpahsh;fSf;Fk; cst guhkhpg;G toq;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;.
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1998Mk; Mz;L eilngw;w tl Nky; khfhz Njh;jypy; thf;F nfhs;isapy; 

Page 30
Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b
Aj;j tyaq;fSk; Nkhjy
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;Nj ,y;yhj eltbf;if vJTk; mth;fSf;Ff; fpilahJ.
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Page 31
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py; ,uhZtg; gilfs; jkf;Fr; Ntz;Lk; vd;W tpUk;Gth;. ;L ClftpayhsUf;F jtwhd k;> cz;ikia kiwf;fTk; fs; xj;Jiiof;f kWg;gNjhL Kd;tuyhk;. ,uhZtq;fs; ;Gk; je;J mjd; %yk; gzk;
wpf;ifapd; kfpik GhpAk;. jk; gilapdh; ,iof;ftpy;iy iuj; Njbj; jUfpwJ. Mdhy; pfk; gapw;rp> mDgtk; ,y;yhj ; epWj;jg;gLfpd;whh;fs;. ,th;fs; fhy;yTk; $l Kd;tUth;. Aj;j yhsh; ntt;NtW gilapdh; hs;s Ntz;Lk;. fsj;jpypUf;Fk; ;ghq;F vd;gd gw;wpa mwpT thf;Fthjk; Vw;gLk; NghJ jpwd; mth;fSf;F mtrpak;.
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2727272727


Page 32
Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b
epyntbfs; kw;Wk; rpW nghw epyntbfs; kw;Wk; rpW nghw epyntbfs; kw;Wk; rpW nghw epyntbfs; kw;Wk; rpW nghw epyntbfs; kw;Wk; rpW nghw
nghwpfs; rk;ge;jkhd nghJth nghwpfs; rk;ge;jkhd nghJth nghwpfs; rk;ge;jkhd nghJth nghwpfs; rk;ge;jkhd nghJth nghwpfs; rk;ge;jkhd nghJth czh;tpid nfhz;L tUtjw
fPo; Fwpg;gplg;gLgtw;iw < fPo; Fwpg;gplg;gLgtw;iw < fPo; Fwpg;gplg;gLgtw;iw < fPo; Fwpg;gplg;gLgtw;iw < fPo; Fwpg;gplg;gLgtw;iw < vLj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhfNth r vLj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhfNth r vLj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhfNth r vLj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhfNth r vLj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhfNth r
cs;Szh;Tfs; (Nguhir>
Njitfs; (czT ngw;W jk;ik ghJfhj;Jf; nfhs ad;diy Jwf;f Mfpa) J}z;l my;yJ ntspf; n
Jyq;fis cUthf;f ( kpd; gw;witj;jy;> Xh; nghUis
kpjp ntb tifiar; rhh;e;j kpjp ntb tifiar; rhh;e;j kpjp ntb tifiar; rhh;e;j kpjp ntb tifiar; rhh;e;j kpjp ntb tifiar; rhh;e;j Ntz;Lkhapd; mjDila N Ntz;Lkhapd; mjDila N Ntz;Lkhapd; mjDila N Ntz;Lkhapd; mjDila N Ntz;Lkhapd; mjDila N
mjd; %yk; ,U tifahd mr;RWj;jYk; mjd; gpd;dh; n
nghwpfs; ghtpf;fg;gLk; ,lq nghwpfs; ghtpf;fg;gLk; ,lq nghwpfs; ghtpf;fg;gLk; ,lq nghwpfs; ghtpf;fg;gLk; ,lq nghwpfs; ghtpf;fg;gLk; ,lq
trpg;gplq;fspy; : trpg;gplq;fspy; : trpg;gplq;fspy; : trpg;gplq;fspy; : trpg;gplq;fspy; : fjTfs;> ad njhiy fhl;rpfs;> kpd;rhu cg fl;by;fs;> Jzp kzpg; ngl;bfs fpz;zq;fs;> Nghj;jy;fs; Mf
ntsp ,lq;fspy; : ntsp ,lq;fspy; : ntsp ,lq;fspy; : ntsp ,lq;fspy; : ntsp ,lq;fspy; : rhg;ghl kiwtplq;fspy;> thfdq;fspy;> kw;Wk; NtW ntb Fz;Lfs;>
rpy Fwpg;Gf;fs;. rpy Fwpg;Gf;fs;. rpy Fwpg;Gf;fs;. rpy Fwpg;Gf;fs;. rpy Fwpg;Gf;fs;.
ePq;fs; Xh; tah; epyntbAl chpa mjpfhhpfSf;F mj
epyntbfs; jdpj;jpUg;gJ mit miu lrpd;fshf m (mNefkhf epyj;jpy; Fr;rp
2828282828

hl;bhl;bhl;bhl;bhl;b
epyntbfs; kw;Wk; rpW nghwpfs; ( epyntbfs; kw;Wk; rpW nghwpfs; ( epyntbfs; kw;Wk; rpW nghwpfs; ( epyntbfs; kw;Wk; rpW nghwpfs; ( epyntbfs; kw;Wk; rpW nghwpfs; (Booby Traps)
pfs; rk;ge;jkhd nghJthd jfty pfs; rk;ge;jkhd nghJthd jfty pfs; rk;ge;jkhd nghJthd jfty pfs; rk;ge;jkhd nghJthd jfty pfs; rk;ge;jkhd nghJthd jfty; - nghwpfs; ghJfhg;gpd;ikapd; ;tpid nfhz;L tUtjw;fhfg; ghtpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
Fwpg;gplg;gLgtw;iw  Mir> tho;jy;)
jitfs; (czT ngw;Wf; nfhs;s> cil mzpa> FsphpypUe;J k;ik ghJfhj;Jf; nfhs;s> rg;ghj;J mzpa> fjtpid my;yJ d;diy Jwf;f Mfpa) czh;Tfis J}z;l> my;yJ Mth;j;ij }z;l my;yJ ntspf; nfhzu ghtpff;g;gLfpd;wd.
yq;fis cUthf;f ( kpd; Fkpop vhpfpd;wjh vd ghh;g;gjw;F mjid w;witj;jy;> Xh; nghUis cija> Xh; fhiu ,af;Fjy; Nghd;wit)
ntb tifiar; rhh;e;j xU rpW nghwp ntw;wpfukhf ntbf;f ntb tifiar; rhh;e;j xU rpW nghwp ntw;wpfukhf ntbf;f ntb tifiar; rhh;e;j xU rpW nghwp ntw;wpfukhf ntbf;f ntb tifiar; rhh;e;j xU rpW nghwp ntw;wpfukhf ntbf;f ntb tifiar; rhh;e;j xU rpW nghwp ntw;wpfukhf ntbf;f ;Lkhapd; mjDila Njhw;wj;jpy; xU khw;wk; Vw;gl Ntz;Lk; ;Lkhapd; mjDila Njhw;wj;jpy; xU khw;wk; Vw;gl Ntz;Lk; ;Lkhapd; mjDila Njhw;wj;jpy; xU khw;wk; Vw;gl Ntz;Lk; ;Lkhapd; mjDila Njhw;wj;jpy; xU khw;wk; Vw;gl Ntz;Lk; ;Lkhapd; mjDila Njhw;wj;jpy; xU khw;wk; Vw;gl Ntz;Lk;
; %yk; ,U tifahd tpisTfs; Vw;gLk;. Nghypj;jdkhd Wj;jYk; mjd; gpd;dh; ntw;wpfukhd Njhw;wKk;.
pfs; ghtpf;fg;gLk; ,lq;fs; pfs; ghtpf;fg;gLk; ,lq;fs; pfs; ghtpf;fg;gLk; ,lq;fs; pfs; ghtpf;fg;gLk; ,lq;fs; pfs; ghtpf;fg;gLk; ,lq;fs;
;gplq;fspy; : ;gplq;fspy; : ;gplq;fspy; : ;gplq;fspy; : ;gplq;fspy; : fjTfs;> ad;dy;fs;> jiu> jsghlk;> njhiy Ngrpfs;> y fhl;rpfs;> kpd;rhu cgfuzq;fs;> Gj;jfq;fs;> myhu fbfhuq;fs;> ;fs;> Jzp kzpg; ngl;bfs;. rkayiwfspy; : Nfj;jpy;fs;> rhg;ghl;Lf;
q;fs;> Nghj;jy;fs; Mfpad.
p ,lq;fspy; : p ,lq;fspy; : p ,lq;fspy; : p ,lq;fspy; : p ,lq;fspy; : rhg;ghl;Lf; filfspy;> ghyq;fspy;> ,aw;if tplq;fspy;> thfdq;fspy;> iftplg;gl;l MAjq;fshy;> iff; Fz;L k; NtW ntb Fz;Lfs;> Mfpad.
Fwpg;Gf;fs;. wpg;Gf;fs;. Fwpg;Gf;fs;. wpg;Gf;fs;. Fwpg;Gf;fs;.
Pq;fs; Xh; tah; epyntbAld; nghUj;jg;-gl;bUg;gijf; fz;lTld;
hpa mjpfhhpfSf;F mjidf; Fwpj;J njhptpAq;fs;.
pyntbfs; jdpj;jpUg;gJ mhpJ vd;gjid czh;e;J nfhs;Sq;fs;. it miu lrpd;fshf my;yJ gy lrpd;fshf my;yJ thpirahf mNefkhf epyj;jpy; Fr;rpfs; ehl;lg;gl;L) Gijf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;.


Page 33
2
ntbf;f itf;Fk; cgfuz {
fPo;kl;l cah;kl;l ghuk;
ghuk;
ghJfhg;G
ClfClfClfClfClf
topia tpl;L xU NghJk; tpyfpr; nry;yhjPh;fs;. ky fopg;gjw;NfDk; nry;yhjPh;fs;.
ntbf;fhky; fhzg;gLk; Fz;bidNah my;yJ uhf;fl;bid xU NghJk; njhlhjPh;fs;.
Qhgfg; nghUl;fshf epyntbfis thq;fhjPh;fs;. gpwi mtw;iw nraypof;fr; nra;J Qhgfg; nghUl;fisf; nfhz;L n Cf;Ftpf;fhjPh;fs;.
Aj;jg; gpuNjrj;jpypUe;J> Clftpayhsh;fs; jfty; mwptpf;Fk; N epyntbfspy; my;yJ kdpjg; nghwpfspd; mghaj;Jf;F Kfq;nfh Neuyhk;. epyntbfs; fPo; Fwpg;gpl;l tz;zk; my;yJ chpa ga ngwhj Nghuhspfshy; Cfpf;f Kbahj tpjj;jpy; Gijf;fg;gl;bUf Xh; ntb Fz;L; gpd;tUk; fhuzq;fspdhy; nraw;gl KbAk;. Xh; jL tahpdhy;> mKf;fk; (my;yJ mKf;fj;ij ,of;fr; nra;jy;)> fb ntbFz;L ("smart") ntbFz;Lfs; rpy egh;fs; my;yJ thfd fle;j gpd;dNu ntbf;Fk;).
xUth; epyntbia fz;lTld;> jkJ ghj mbfis kpff; ftd itf;f Ntz;Lk;.
epyf;fz;zp ntbnahd;wpd; rhjhuz Njhw;wk; epyf;fz;zp ntbnahd;wpd; rhjhuz Njhw;wk; epyf;fz;zp ntbnahd;wpd; rhjhuz Njhw;wk; epyf;fz;zp ntbnahd;wpd; rhjhuz Njhw;wk; epyf;fz;zp ntbnahd;wpd; rhjhuz Njhw;wk;
1. ntbj;jy;
2. Njhl;lhtpy; cs;s ntb (Kd;Gwj;jpw;F ce;jg;gLk; ntb
cs;slf;ff; $Lk;)
rpy jdpegh; my;yJ epy ntbfs; rpy jdpegh; my;yJ epy ntbfs; rpy jdpegh; my;yJ epy ntbfs; rpy jdpegh; my;yJ epy ntbfs; rpy jdpegh; my;yJ epy ntbfs;
PMR kw;Wk; FROM Mfpa epyntbfspd; tah;fs; ntg;gepiyf
czh;e;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhfapUf;Fk; c ghJfhg;G topKiwfs; ntbf;Fk; gFjp
}

Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b
fpr; nry;yhjPh;fs;. kyryk;
Nah my;yJ uhf;fl;bidNah
s thq;fhjPh;fs;. gpwiuAk; ; nghUl;fisf; nfhz;L nry;y
h;fs; jfty; mwptpf;Fk; NghJ> d; mghaj;Jf;F Kfq;nfhLf;f z;zk; my;yJ chpa gapw;rp pjj;jpy; Gijf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;. ; nraw;gl KbAk;. Xh; jLf;fy; ;ij ,of;fr; nra;jy;)> fbfhu egh;fs; my;yJ thfdq;fs;
ghj mbfis kpff; ftdkhf
z Njhw;wk; z Njhw;wk; z Njhw;wk; z Njhw;wk; z Njhw;wk;
j;jpw;F ce;jg;gLk; ntbAk;
spd; tah;fs; ntg;gepiyf;Fk;>
tbf;f itf;Fk; cgfuzk;
2929292929
} ; nfhs;tjw;fhfapUf;Fk; cgfuzk; topKiwfs; 1 ; gFjp
gytpj Nfhzq;fspd; msTfspy; ntb Fz;Lfs; cs;sd. mtw;wpy; mjpfsT rf;jp nfhz;lJ. cNyhfg; ghJfhg;gpy; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;s 

Page 34
Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b
fhyepiyf;Fk; Vw;gNt ntbf gdp Mfpad ,e; epyntbfs nraw;gl itf;ff; $Lk;. ,it ,e;j mghak; mjpfkhff; fh Fz;Lfshf khWfpd;wd.
PMA - 3
jdpahfNth> %d;W my;y ehd;F mb J}uj;jpNyh> thpi ahfNth> Aj;j gpuNjrj;jpypUe 20 kPl;lh; J}uj;jpNyh ,i epyj;jpy; Gijf;fg;gLfpd;w %lg;gl;bUf;Fk;> jd; mOj (Trigger) vg;NghJk; ntspa fhzg;gLk;.
3030303030
PMR- 2 A
,J mjpfkhf gpuNahfpf;fg;gL epyntb. ,J fk;gpapy;> jba my;yJ kuj;jpy; itf;fg;gLfpw (Njitahd cauj;jpw;F fpisf ntl;lg;gLfpd;wd.)

- 2 A
mjpfkhf gpuNahfpf;fg;gLk; tb. ,J fk;gpapy;> jbapy; ;yJ kuj;jpy; itf;fg;gLfpwJ tahd cauj;jpw;F fpisfs; ;lg;gLfpd;wd.)
hl;bhl;bhl;bhl;bhl;b
piyf;Fk; Vw;gNt ntbf;Fk;. kuj;jpypUe;J tpOk; fpisfs;> %L Mfpad ,e; epyntbfspd; gFjpfis rpwpJ rpwpjhf ntspg;gLj;jp w;gl itf;ff; $Lk;. ,it ve;NeuKk; ntbf;fyhk;. tre;j fhyq;fspy; mghak; mjpfkhff; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. epyntbfs; Neu ntbf; ;Lfshf khWfpd;wd.
A - 3
ahfNth> %d;W my;yJ ;F mb J}uj;jpNyh> thpir- th> Aj;j gpuNjrj;jpypUe;J Pl;lh; J}uj;jpNyh ,it ;jpy; Gijf;fg;gLfpd;wd> ;gl;bUf;Fk;> jd; mOj;jp ger) vg;NghJk; ntspapy; g;gLk;.
PMA - 2
,it Vida epyntbfis ghJfhg;gjw;fhf ghtpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. gr;ir epwj;jpy; jahhpf;fg;gl;L (gpsh];b f;)> el;rj;jpu tbt ,f;d p\dp- dhy; nraw;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. 100 fpuhk; ntb kUe;J ,jid mjpgaq;fu ntbahf;Ffpd;wd.


Page 35
ClfClfClfClfClf
PROM - 1
,it Gijf;fg;gl;L my;yJ fw;fyhy; %lg;gl;bUf;Fk;. ,jd; mOj;jp mt;tsT ,yFtpy; nraw;gLj;jg;gl KbahJ.
ghjpf;fg;gl;ltUf;F fpl;lj;jl;l 7 NghpdJ cjtp Njitg;gLk;. Md Fwp ghh;j;J jhf;fg;gLk; NghJ 20 kPw;wh; gug;gpDs; ,J xUtiu nfh nra;aty;yJ.
ePq;fs; epyf;fz;zp ntbfs; mlq;fpa tyaj;jpw;Fs; nrd;wh ePq;fs; epyf;fz;zp ntbfs; mlq;fpa tyaj;jpw;Fs; nrd;wh ePq;fs; epyf;fz;zp ntbfs; mlq;fpa tyaj;jpw;Fs; nrd;wh ePq;fs; epyf;fz;zp ntbfs; mlq;fpa tyaj;jpw;Fs; nrd;wh ePq;fs; epyf;fz;zp ntbfs; mlq;fpa tyaj;jpw;Fs; nrd;wh
kiwe;jpUe;J ntb itj;jy; kiwe;jpUe;J ntb itj;jy; kiwe;jpUe;J ntb itj;jy; kiwe;jpUe;J ntb itj;jy; kiwe;jpUe;J ntb itj;jy;
];idg;gh; Jg;ghf;fp jhhpfs; jkJ Fwpfis Rkhh; 600 k J}uj;jpypUe;J jhf;fyhk; ( rpy Neuk; 1>000 kPw;wh;) gfy; Ntisapy;> , Neuq;fspy; 300 kPw;wh;. Mdhy; mNdfkhf ,th;fs; mz;ikapypU jhf;Fthh;fs;. ,J mth;fs; jtW tpLtij Fiwf;Fk;. ,th;fs; ,ut gdp Neuj;jpYk; ntt;NtW tifahd Milfisg; ghtpg;ghh ,th;fs; mjpfkhf xU fl;blj;jpd; miwapy;> Nky; khbia fl;blj;jpd; Kd; gFjpiaAk; jtph;j;J jk;ik jahh;gLj nfhs;sthh;fs;. (tiu glk;1) NkYk; ,th;fs; Xl;liwfs;> kz; %il mLf;fg;gl;l ,lk; Mfpatw;wpy; ,Ug;ghh;fs;.
MRUD
mNdfkhf kuq;fspy; nghUj;j gl;bUf;Fk> ,it kQ;ry; epw tah;fs %yk; Vidatw;Wld; nghUj;jg;gl;b fyhk;. ,t;ntbfspd; Nehf;fk; xUt nfhy;Ytjy;y> khwhf fhag;gLj;Jt

f kuq;fspy; nghUj;jg;- > ,it kQ;ry; epw tah;fspd; atw;Wld; nghUj;jg;gl;bUf;- tbfspd; Nehf;fk; xUtiu ;y> khwhf fhag;gLj;JtNj.
cjtp Njitg;gLk;. Mdhy; g;gpDs; ,J xUtiu nfhiy
pa tyaj;jpw;Fs; nrd;why; pa tyaj;jpw;Fs; nrd;why; pa tyaj;jpw;Fs; nrd;why; pa tyaj;jpw;Fs; nrd;why; pa tyaj;jpw;Fs; nrd;why;
Fwpfis Rkhh; 600 kPw;wh; kPw;wh;) gfy; Ntisapy;> ,uT ,th;fs; mz;ikapypUe;Nj Fiwf;Fk;. ,th;fs; ,utpYk; Milfisg; ghtpg;ghh;fs;. iwapy;> Nky; khbiaAk;> ;j;J jk;ik jahh;gLj;jpf; s; Xl;liwfs;> kz; %ilfs; h;fs;.
Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b
,utpy; gazQ; nra;ahjPh;fs;. xUtnuhUtuhf tpyfp jdp thpirapy; ele;J nry;yTk;. rpwpa ghijfspy; nry;y Ntz;lhk;. jilfSf;F Nky; Vw Ntz;lhk;. rpijtile;j ,lq;fis Muha;r;rp nra;a Ntz;lhk;. ePhpy; Ko;fpa ,lq;fspy; ftdkhf ,Uf;fTk;. ePhpw;F mbapYk; kpjp ntbfs; ,Uf;ff; $Lk;.
3131313131


Page 36
Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b
vjpnuhypg; gpur;rpid vjpnuhypg; gpur;rpid vjpnuhypg; gpur;rpid vjpnuhypg; gpur;rpid vjpnuhypg; gpur;rpid
Jg;ghf;fp #l;bd; rj;jk; Rkhh;
3232323232
2 tJ tiutlk; 2 tJ tiutlk; 2 tJ tiutlk; 2 tJ tiutlk; 2 tJ tiutlk;
fl;blnkhd;Wf;Fs; ntb itf;Fk; nghOJ ,Uf;ff; $Lk;.

pnuhypg; gpur;rpid pnuhypg; gpur;rpid pnuhypg; gpur;rpid pnuhypg; gpur;rpid pnuhypg; gpur;rpid
hf;fp #l;bd; rj;jk; Rkhh; nrf;fDf;F 330kPw;wh; gpuahzk; nra;Ak;
hl;bhl;bhl;bhl;bhl;b
1 tJ tiuglk; 1 tJ tiuglk; 1 tJ tiuglk; 1 tJ tiuglk; 1 tJ tiuglk;
njhiytpypUe;J ntb itf;Fk; xUth; mNdfkhf ,Uf;ff; $Lk;.
2 tJ tiutlk; 2 tJ tiutlk; 2 tJ tiutlk; 2 tJ tiutlk; 2 tJ tiutlk;
lnkhd;Wf;Fs; ntb itf;Fk; nghOJ ,Uf;ff; $Lk;.
3 tJ tiuglk; 3 tJ tiuglk; 3 tJ tiuglk; 3 tJ tiuglk; 3 tJ tiuglk;
$iunahd;wpw;Fs; ntb itf;Fk; ,lq;fs;


Page 37
4 tJ tiuglk; 4 tJ tiuglk; 4 tJ tiuglk; 4 tJ tiuglk; 4 tJ tiuglk;
fhzg;gLk;. (tiuglk; 4)
tiuglj;jpy; fhl;lg;gl;lJ Nghy; ];idg;gUf;Fk; mth; Fwpf;Fk; ,ilg;gl;l xypapd; fhyk; FWfpaJ> Mdhy; vjpnuhypahdJ Fwpiar;
nrd;wiltjw;F mNdf J}uk; gpuahzk; nra;a Ntz;bAs;sJ. Jg;ghf;fpr; #l;bw;Fk;> vjpnuhypf;Fkpilapy; tpj;jpahrj;ij Vw;gLj;J ,jd; %yk; Jg;ghf;fpr; #l;bd; rj;jj;ij rhpahf mwpa KbfpwJ rpwe;j ];idg;gh; tPud;> gy vjpnuhypfs; Vw;glf; $ba gpuNjrj;i jdJ Fwpia RLtjw;fha; Njh;e;njLg;ghd;. ,jdhy; vq;fpUe;J r te;jJ vd;gjid mwptJ fbdkhdJ.
ClfClfClfClfClf
mNj Ntisapy;> Jg;ghf;fpf; F Rkhh; nrf;fDf;F 1>000 k Ntfj;jpy; gpuahzk; nra;Ak. j ntspapy; Jg;ghf;fp #L vq;fp te;jJ vd;gjid mila fhz;gJ vspJ. RLgtUf cq;fSf;F-kpilapy; mN jlq;fs; fhzg;-gl;lhy; mr;#L ,lq;fspypUe;Jk; te;jJ N vjpnuhypf;fyhk;. RLgth; m rj;jj;ij Kjypy; Nfl;ghh;. g mjd; vjpnuhyp njhlUk;. K rj;jk; FWfpajhfTk; njspth ,Uf;Fk;> mNjNtis ,uz rj;jk; ePz;ljhAk; njsptw
5 tJ tiug 5 tJ tiug 5 tJ tiug 5 tJ tiug 5 tJ tiug

Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b
Ntisapy;> Jg;ghf;fpf; Fz;L h; nrf;fDf;F 1>000 kPw;wh; j;jpy; gpuahzk; nra;Ak. jpwe;j papy; Jg;ghf;fp #L vq;fpUe;J J vd;gjid milahsk; ;gJ vspJ. RLgtUf;Fk;> Sf;F-kpilapy; mNdf ;fs; fhzg;-gl;lhy; mr;#L gy ;fspypUe;Jk; te;jJ Nghy; uhypf;fyhk;. RLgth; mjd; ;ij Kjypy; Nfl;ghh;. gpd;G ; vjpnuhyp njhlUk;. Kjy; ; FWfpajhfTk; njspthfTk; ;Fk;> mNjNtis ,uz;lhk; ; ePz;ljhAk; njsptw;Wk;
; nra;a Ntz;bAs;sJ. ,J ; tpj;jpahrj;ij Vw;gLj;JfpwJ. rhpahf mwpa KbfpwJ. Xh; Vw;glf; $ba gpuNjrj;ijNa d;. ,jdhy; vq;fpUe;J rj;jk;
3333333333
5 tJ tiuglk; 5 tJ tiuglk; 5 tJ tiuglk; 5 tJ tiuglk; 5 tJ tiuglk;
NkypUe;J> ];lh;ypq; kpy;yp kPw;wh; 9. rg; nk\pd; Jg;ghf;fp ];lh;ypq; hP - 56 ,yF ,ae;jpu Jg;ghf;fp kw;Wk; V.Nf. 47 Jg;ghf;fpnahd;W
NkypUe;J ,lkpUe;J tyj;jpw;F : mg;ghw; Nghlf; $ba kpy;yp kPw;wh; 56 jhq;fpfis mopf;Fk; uhf;fl; Nyhd;[h;. Nfhy;l; 45 gp];ly; kp.kP. 9 uf rpf; gp];ly;. kr; 10 ,d;f;uk; kp.kPw;wh; 9 uf rg; ,ae;jpu Jg;ghf;fp> v];.Mh;. 6 uf Kf%b kw;Wk; fpNyhfpuhk; 5 uf a+Nfh];yhtpa jhq;fpaopg;G Fz;L.


Page 38
Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b
gw;wp ePq;fs; thdpypUe;j glk
ghJfhg;gpy;yhky; jdpahf e vq;Nf epw;fpwPh;fs; vd;gJ gw;wpA cq;fSf;fpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. ghpr Jg;ghf;fpf;F ,yf;fhf khl;B Clftpayhsh; vd;gij mwpa gj;jphpifahsh; vd;W vOjp x ,yf;nfhd;iw ,yf;nfhd;iw ,yf;nfhd;iw ,yf;nfhd;iw ,yf;nfhd;iw jtwhf jtwhf jtwhf jtwhf jtwhf milahsq; milahsq; milahsq; milahsq; milahsq; fhzg;gLtjhf fhzg;gLtjhf fhzg;gLtjhf fhzg;gLtjhf fhzg;gLtjhf
njhpe;jhy;. Nfs;tp Nfl;fg;gl;lh ,dq;fhl;Lq;fs;. NkhJk; gi ,Uf;fhjPh;fs; ,Uf;fhjPh;fs; ,Uf;fhjPh;fs; ,Uf;fhjPh;fs; ,Uf;fhjPh;fs;
ghtpf;Fk; MAjk;> thfdk; vd KbAk; vd;gij cWjpg;gLj;jp cq;fs; cilfs; ,uhZT
vspjy;y. rpy gilfSf;F ,dk cilfisg; Nghyy;yhky;
rpy Nghuhl;lq;fspy; ,we ,Ug;gjw;F ftdQ; nrYj;j- Tk;. nfkhg;yh[; cilfis mzpa Ntz;lhk;. Gifg;glf;fUtp Jg;ghf;fp- nahd;whfj; njhptjw;F ,l- Kz;L vd;gjid epidtpy;
vd;gtw;iwNa gilapdh; gh mDkjp ,y;yhky; gilapdiu glk;gpbj;jhy; mth;fs; cq;fs; g $Lk;. ePq;fs; ifJ nra;ag NkhrkhfTk; mikayhk;.
itj;Jf; nfhs;;sTk;. cldbahf ntspr;rk;
,yf;fhFjy; Vw;gLtJ Nghy; Gifg;glk; vLj;jy;. MAjnkhd;wpd;
gpd;tUk; 3 fhuzpfspy; xd cldb ntspr;rkhff; fUJ- tjw;F ,lKz;L. fkuh fz;z hbnahd;W k;> fz;z h-
gpioahd Neuj;jpy; gpio Jujp\;lk;)
bfspd; ntspr;rq;fSk;>
ePq;fs; jkf;F Mgj;J vd kpd;Dk; iff; fbfhuq;fs; (mtw;iw kWgf;fj;jpw;F jpUg;gTk;) mit #hpa xsp
ePq;fs; Xh; Clftpayhsh ePq;fs; gilapdhpy; XUth; gl;lTld; kpDq;ff; $Lk;.
jtph;ff; KbAk;. ,uhZt M fkuhtpd; ntspr;rk;>
mzpAq;fs;. Nkyhil xU e tpNrlkhf ,uT Neuq;fspy;
,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. glk;gpbf;F ftdk; nrYj;jg;gLk;.
glg;gpbg;Gf; fUtp Xh; MAjk gw;w itf;Fk; rpfnul; mjp- fsT J}uj;jpypUe;J fhzf;- $baJld; mit kiwe;- jpUe;J ntb itg;gth;fis  mth;fs; ;Fk; MAjk;> thfdk; vd;gtw;iw itj;Nj cq;fshy; ,dq;fhz k; vd;gij cWjpg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. rpy re;jh;g;gq;fspy; ,J y;y. rpy gilfSf;F ,dk; fhl;Lk; milahsj;Jtq;fs; fpilahJ. Nghuhl;lq;fspy; ,we;j vjphpfspd; cilfs; MAjq;fs; tw;iwNa gilapdh; ghtidf;F vLj;Jf; nfhs;tJk; cz;L. jp ,y;yhky; gilapdiuNah Aj;jk; elf;Fk; gFjpfisNah ePq;fs; pbj;jhy; mth;fs; cq;fs; glg;gpbg;Gf; fUtpiag; gwpj;Jf; nfhs;sf; ;. ePq;fs; ifJ nra;ag;glyhk; my;yJ epiyik mijtpl khfTk; mikayhk;.
yf;fhFjy;
;tUk; 3 fhuzpfspy; xd;Wf;fhf ePq;fs; Xh; gyp ,yf;fhf khwyhk;.
pioahd Neuj;jpy; gpioahd ,lj;jpy; ePq;fs; ,Ue;jhy; (,J ujp\;lk;)
Pq;fs; jkf;F Mgj;J vd;W gilapduhy; jtwhf fzpf;fg;gl;lhy; Pq;fs; Xh; Clftpayhsh; vd;gjhy; ;fs; gilapdhpy; XUth; Nghy; fhl;rp juhky; ,Ue;jhy; Mgj;ijj; f; KbAk;. ,uhZt Milapd;wp fth;r;rpahd epw Milfis pAq;fs;. Nkyhil xU epwj;jpYk; fPohil ,d;ndhU epwj;jpYk; ;f Ntz;Lk;. glk;gpbf;Fk; NghJ ftdkhapUq;fs;. Vndd;why; pbg;Gf; fUtp Xh; MAjk; vd;W jtwhf vil Nghlg;glyhk;. rpy sfspy; fkuhTk; Sam 7 Fz;L tPr;Rf; fUtpAk; xd;W Nghy; ;wkspf;fyhk;. cq;fs; glg;gpbg;Gf; fz;zhbapy; #hpa xsp gl;Lj; ;Fk; NghJ mJ Xh; MAjk; vd;W vz;zg;glyhk;. ePq;fs; Xh; pu ];jhdj;jpd; mUfhikapy; epw;gjhy; ePq;fs; ,yf;fhfyhk;. ,jdhy; ; Fz;Lj; jhf;FjYf;Fk; tpkhdj; jhf;FjYf;Fk; ,yf;fhfyhk;.


Page 39
ClfClfClfClfClf
MAjq;fs; gw;wpa mwpT
Aj;jq;fis mwpf;ifapLk; nra;jpahsh;fSf;F gy;NtW MAj gw;wpa mwpT mtrpak;. me;j MAjq;fspd; rf;jp ghtidj; J}uk; vd gw;wpa mwpT Ntz;Lk;. ,J cq;fs; capiuf; fhg;gw;wNth mopf;f KbAk;. rpwpa MAjq;fspd; ghtidahdJ mjd; tif my cw;gj;jpahsh;> fhyepiy kw;Wk; mjid ghtpg;gthpd; jpwd; (rpe;j fisg;G Mfpad) vd;gtw;wpy; mlq;Fk;. 1>000 kPw;wh; J}uj;jpy; kz 16 fp|kP Ntfj;jpy; tUk; Njhl;lhtpidAk;> fhw;W mjd; Fwpapyp ehd;F kPw;wh; jpir jpUk;Gk;.
Fiwe;j tYTila MAjq;fs; if Jg;ghf;fp my;yJ iu Mfpad xypapd; Ntfj;ij tpl Fiwe;j Ntfj;jpNy Fz;il nt itf;Fk;> cly; hPjpahd ghJfhg;G ftrq;fs; ,tw;wpypUe;J ghJfh ngw;Wj; jUk;. jhzpaf;f kw;Wk; jd;dpaf;f MAjk; Neuhf cah;thfTk; ,aq;f ty;yNjhL ,tw;iw nfhz;L xOq gapw;Wtpf;fg;gl;l tPuDf;F 20 kPw;wh; J}uj;jpw;F Fwpitf;ff; $bat ,Uf;fpwhd;. mNj Ntis gapw;rpapy; FiwTila tPud; J}u xOq;fhff; Fwp itg;gjpy;iy. Mgj;njd njhpAk; epiyikapy; tp nfhs;tjw;F jPh;khdpj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;F ,j;jfty;fs; cq;fSf;F cj ,j;jfty;fs; vjph;g;ig czh;e;J> mwpe;J> mjpypUe;J tpLgl cj fduf MAjq;fspd; ,af;fkhdJ xypapd; Ntfj;ij tplf; $ Ntfj;jpy; ,af;fk; ngWk; (iugy;> my;yJ ,ae;jpu Jg;ghf;fpfs;) eP Njhl;lhtpd; xypiaf; Nfl;lhy; mJ cq;fis jtwtpl;lnjhd ,Uf;Fk;. mjdJ xyp kpf Ez;zpakhapd;> JUg;Gf;fs; mU ,Uf;fpwhh;fs; vd mh;j;jg;gLk;.
mjpf Ntfj;jpidAila MAjq;fs; (iugy; my;yJ ,a Jg;ghf;fp) xypapd; Ntfj;ij tplf; Fz;Lfis ntbf;f itf cq;fSf;Fj; Njhl;lhtpd; xyp Nfl;Fkhapd; mj;Njhl;lh mg;ng cq;fis fle;J nrd;wpUf;Fk;. njspthd ntbr; rj;jnkh Nfl;Fkhapd; mJ mUfpypUe;J ntb itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b
h;fSf;F gy;NtW MAjq;fs; ; rf;jp ghtidj; J}uk; vd;gd iuf; fhg;gw;wNth mopf;fNth ahdJ mjd; tif my;yJ ghtpg;gthpd; jpwd; (rpe;jid> ;. 1>000 kPw;wh; J}uj;jpy; kzpf;F k;> fhw;W mjd; FwpapypUe;J
Jg;ghf;fp my;yJ iua;gy;; Ntfj;jpNy Fz;il ntbf;f ;fs; ,tw;wpypUe;J ghJfhg;ig ;dpaf;f MAjk; NeuhfTk;> w;iw nfhz;L xOq;fhf ;jpw;F Fwpitf;ff; $batdhf FiwTila tPud; J}uj;ij njhpAk; epiyikapy; tpyfpf; j;jfty;fs; cq;fSf;F cjTk;. ;J> mjpypUe;J tpLgl cjTk;. papd; Ntfj;ij tplf; $ba ,ae;jpu Jg;ghf;fpfs;) ePq;fs; cq;fis jtwtpl;lnjhd;whf hapd;> JUg;Gf;fs; mUfpy;
s; (iugy; my;yJ ,ae;jpu z;Lfis ntbf;f itf;Fk;. apd; mj;Njhl;lh mg;nghOJ pthd ntbr; rj;jnkhd;W tf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
3535353535


Page 40
Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b
ghJfhg;Gf;F kj;jpapy; xd;wha
ghJfhg;Gf; FOf;fs; vkf;F juty;yd. ,uhZtg; ghJfh fhzg;gLfpd;wd. jhf;Fjy;fs; V mg;ghJfhg;Gf; FOf;fspd; thf MAjq;fisAk; itj;Js;sd Neh;thpirapy; nry;Yk; th ghJfhg;gpw;fhf ek;gp ,Ug;git ghJfhg;Gf; FOTld; gazpg;g gpd;gw;Wq;fs;. ,uhZt ghJ ftdj;ij  cq;fsplk; Nfl;fg;g mspf;fhjPh;fs;> Njitaw;w tpl xU NghJk; glk; gpbf;fhjPh;fs gpur;rpid VJk; Vw;gl;L> rpg;g mtkhpahijahf ele;J mikjpg;gLj;Jq;fs;. xU rpf nfhLq;fs;. rpg;ghapdJk;> cq;f ePq;fs; Nkhjiyj; jtph;j;J t
3636363636

hl;bhl;bhl;bhl;bhl;b
hJfhg;Gf;F kj;jpapy; xd;wha; nry;Yk; thfdf; FOf;fs;
Jfhg;Gf; FOf;fs; vkf;F jtwhdnjhU ghJfhg;gpd; czh;tpidj; ;yd. ,uhZtg; ghJfhg;Gf; FOf;fSf;F gy rl;ljpl;lq;fs; ;gLfpd;wd. jhf;Fjy;fs; Vw;gLk; NghJ cldbahf mwpe;Jnfhs;s> hJfhg;Gf; FOf;fspd; thfdq;fs; njhlh;ghly; cgfuzq;fisAk;> q;fisAk; itj;Js;sd. khwhf Clftpayhshpd; thfdq;fs; hpirapy; nry;Yk; thfdq;fspd; vz;zpf;ifia kl;Lk; hg;gpw;fhf ek;gp ,Ug;git. ePq;fs; ,uhZt my;yJ If;fpa ehLfs; hg;Gf; FOTld; gazpg;gjha; ,Ue;jhy;> mtw;wpd; rl;lq;fisg; w;Wq;fs;. ,uhZt ghJfhg;Gld; ,y;yhj NghJ> vjphpfspd; j;ij  vq;F pwPh;fs; vd;gjid ed;F mwpe;J nfhs;Sq;fs;. ghh;j;Jf; nfhs;sf; sT J}uj;jpy; ,Uq;fs;. fhh;fSf;fpilapy; NubNah my;yJ yNgrp njhlh;gpid itj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. ,uhZt ghJfhg;Gf; ;fs; mNdkhf thfdq;fspd; Kd;dhNyh> gpd;dhNyh nry;y ;Gtjpy;iy. jhf;Fjypd; NghJ Kd;> gpd; nry;Yk; thfdq;fisj; p ,U KidfisAk; kwpj;Jj; jhf;FtNj ,jw;fhd fhuzkhFk;.
Nrhjidr; rhtbfs;
hjidr; rhtbfis fle;J nry;yy; vd;gJ gPjpia> mghaj;ij j;jf; $ba jUthahFk;. mtw;wpy; tpOkpa xOf;fkw;w> Nghuhspfs;> hf;fs; my;yJ rhjhuzg; gilapdh; fhzg;glyhk;. cq;fs; Nehf;fk; df; fle;J NghtNj. vg;NghJk; Gd;difj;j Kfj;Jld; ,Uq;fs;. y;fisj; jtph;j;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. tbia neUq;Fk; NghJ> Njitahd gj;jpuq;fisj; jtpu wijAk; ifapy; itj;jpUf;f Ntz;lhk;. cq;fis Xh; tpayhsuhf mwpKfk; nra;Aq;fs;. vt;tpj rpf;fYkpd;wp Nrhjidr; ia ePq;fs; fle;jPh;fshdhy; vg;NghJk; Gd;difj;j Kfj;Jld; ;fs;> cq;fsplk; Nfl;fg;gl;lijj; jtpu Ntnwe;j jfty;fisAk; ;fhjPh;fs;> Njitaw;w tplaq;fspy; jiyaplhjPh;fs;. mDkjpapd;wp ghJk; glk; gpbf;fhjPh;fs;. r;rpid VJk; Vw;gl;L> rpg;gha;fs; cq;fsplk; MNtrj;NjhL my;yJ hpahijahf ele;J nfhz;lhy;> Kjypy; mth;fis jpg;gLj;Jq;fs;. xU rpful;il my;yJ ,dpg;Gg; gz;lj;ijf; q;fs;. rpg;ghapdJk;> cq;fsJk; nkhop xNu nkhopahftpUe;jhy;> ; Nkhjiyj; jtph;j;J tpisahl;bidg; gw;wp my;yJ mtuJ


Page 41
ClfClfClfClfClf
FLk;gj;jpidg; gw;wp fijf;fyhk;. cq;fs; ngaiu mtUf;Fj; $Wq ePq;fs; vq;fpUf;fpwPh;fs;> kw;wth;fs; vq;fpUf;fpwhh;fs; vd;gjid eP ed;F mwptPh;fs; vd;gjid mtUf;Fj; njhpag;gLj;Jq;fs;.
xOq;fhf gapw;Wtpf;fg;glhj ,uhZtj;jpdhplk; my Nghuhspfsplk; cq;fSf;fhd Mgj;J mjpfkha; ,Uf;fyhk;. mt cq;fs; Kfj;ij ghh;f;fhky; Ngrpdhy;> czh;r;rpfsw;W fhzg;gLk; N rw;W ftdkha; ,Uq;fs;. mth;fSf;F kdpj caphpd; ngWkjp ,dpNk Kf;fpakw;wjha; ,Uf;fyhk;. xU rpg;ghapd; khzth;fshy; rPlh;fs; ms kpfr; rpwpath;fsha; ,Ue;jhy; c\huhftpUq;fs;. mth; Nghijt mUe;jp ,Uf;fyhk;> Nghijt];J tsh;r;rpiaf; Fiwf;Fk;. ePq;fs; c milahsj;ij fhl;Lk; NghJ> cq;fs; fzthpd; my;yJ kidt my;yJ gps;isfspd; Gifg;glj;ij fhz;gpAq;fs;. ,J ePq;fs; v Ngha;; ,Uf;fpd;wPh;fs;> cq;fs; tuit vjph;ghh;j;j tz;zk; ,Uf;fpd;whh;fs; vd;gjid vLj;Jf; fhl;Lk;. ,jd; %yk; ePq cq;fSf;F chpik ,Uf;fpd;wJ vd;gjidAk;> ePq;fs; Jd;GWj;jg;gl mjw;fhd tpisTfisr; re;jpf;f NehpLk; vd;gjidAk; mth;fS ePq;fs; vJtpj mghaj;ijAk; nfhz;Ltutpy;iy vd;gi tpsf;FfpwPh;fs;. vg;NghJk; Gd;difj;j tz;zk; ,Uq;fs;.
Aj;jf; fsj;jpy; nghJ mwpTld; ele;J nfhs;sy;
rz;ilg; gpbg;gth;fs; vq;fpUf;fpd;whh;fs; vd;W ePq;fs; mwptPh;f vq;fpUe;J Jg;ghf;fpj; jhf;Fjy; tuf; $Lk;? cq;fs; cilikfis vL nfhz;L Xh; mtruj;jpd; NghJ vt;thW jg;gpg;gJ vd;gji rpe;jpAq;fs;.
mjp $ba jd;dk;gpf;ifAld; ,Uf;fhjPh;fs;. cq;fs; tiuaiwf mwpe;jpUq;fs;. cq;fs; jPh;khdq;fSf;F ePq;fNs nghWg;Ng nfhs;Sq;fs;. Vida Clftpayhsh;fspd; KbTfspdhy;> capuh Vw;glf; $ba #o;epiyfspy; rpf;fpf; nfhs;shjPh;fs;.
epidTg; nghUl;fis Nrfhpf;f Ntz;lhk;. epyntbfs; fth;r;rpfukhf Njhw;wkspf;Fk;.
xU NghJk; MAjj;jpidNah> Jg;ghf;fpapidNah nfh nry;yhjPh;fs;. mjd; gpw;ghL ePq;fs; rptpypadhf fUjg;gl khl;B cq;fis Rj;jkhf itj;J> cq;fs; vz;zq;fis nkU$ nfhs;Sq;fs;. cq;fs; cly; epiyiag; ghh;j;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. eP caph;j;jg;Gtjw;fhf Xl Ntz;bapUf;Fk; QhgfkpUf;fl;Lk;.
Fz;Lj;jhf;Fjy;fis mz;ikapypUe;J mtjhdpf;Fk; N mtw;wpy; NfhshW Vw;gl;L ePq;fs; fhag;glf; $Lk;> ,ijf; Fwp mtjhdkha; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b ; ngaiu mtUf;Fj; $Wq;fs;. Uf;fpwhh;fs; vd;gjid ePq;fs;
njhpag;gLj;Jq;fs;. uhZtj;jpdhplk; my;yJ jpfkha; ,Uf;fyhk;. mth;fs; h;r;rpfsw;W fhzg;gLk; NghJ pj caphpd; ngWkjp ,dpNkYk; khzth;fshy; rPlh;fs; mstpy; pUq;fs;. mth; Nghijt];J iaf; Fiwf;Fk;. ePq;fs; cq;fs; zthpd; my;yJ kidtpapd; z;gpAq;fs;. ,J ePq;fs; vq;F vjph;ghh;j;j tz;zk; rpyh; hl;Lk;. ,jd; %yk; ePq;fs; Ak;> ePq;fs; Jd;GWj;jg;gl;lhy;> ; vd;gjidAk; mth;fSf;F ;Ltutpy;iy vd;gijAk; z;zk; ,Uq;fs;.
d; ele;J nfhs;sy;
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Page 43
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Page 45
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k; gpbg;git mgfhpf;fg;gLk; vd vz;zpdhy;> ePq;fs; glk; ;j clNdNa mtw;iw kiwj;J tpLq;fs;. ePq;fs; "b[ply;" zq;fs; ghtpg;gjha; ,Ue;jhy;> Nghyp tl;nlhd;wpid itj;jpUe;J> is ahUk; ifaspf;F khW Nfl;l hy; mjidf; nfhLq;fs;. Mgj;J khd rk;gtq;fspy;> ,d;DnkhU glg;gpbg;ghsUld; ,ize;J ;Sq;fs;> ,J ePq;fs; xUtiu xUth; mtjhdpj;Jf; nfhs;s k;. ePq;fs; Nghl;bf;fhuuhf ,Uf;fyhk;. MdhYk; ePq;fs; njhopy;
pjh;fs;. p glg;gpbg;ghsuhf my;yJ nra;jpahsuhff; flikahw;wpdhy;> ; vg;NghJ $l;lj;jpdhy; mtjhdpf;fg;gLfpwPh;fs; vd;gjid ;jpUq;fs;. $l;lk; vjph;g;Gj; njhptpf;fhj NghJ $l ePq;fs; ;jpypUf;fyhk;. NtnwhUtUk; Vw;fdNt ehl;by; glj;jpid ;gjw;fha; Njitaw;w fhhpaq;fspy;  mJ gy Mgj;Jf;fis tpf;fyhk;. fytuj;jpy; 

Page 47
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,uhZt mjpfhhpfs; %yk; Gifg;gl Clftpayhshpd; Gifg;glf; fUtpapypUe;J Gifg;glr; RUis ntspapy; ,Oj;Jg; Nghl;ljd; gpd;dh;.
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Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b
KjyhtJ rk;gtk; 1987 Muk;g fhyj;jpy; "Njrpa rkhjhd Kd;dzp vd;w kj mikg;gpd; mikjpahd Mh;ghl;lj;jpid Mtzk; nra;J nfhz;bUf;ifapy; %d;W nghyp]; mjpfhhpfs; vd;idr; Rw;wp tisj;Jf; nfhz;L Gifg;gl RUis vd;idf; nfhz;L gyte;jkhf vLj;jikahFk;."
,uz;lhtJ rk;gtk; 1987 [{iy khjk; 27k; jpfjp ,e;jpa ,yq;if cld;gbf;iff;F KjyhtJ Mh;g;ghl;lk; Gwf;Nfhl;il kw;Wk; kUjhidapy; eilngw;w NghJ Gifg;glk; vLj;j re;jh;g;gj;jpy; kUjhid nghyprhhpdhy; fyff;fhuh; vd fUjg;gl;L ,U Gifg;gl fUtpfSld; ifJ nra;ag;gl;likahFk;.
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hl;bhl;bhl;bhl;bhl;b


Page 49
1999 brk;gh; khjk; 11Mk; jpfjp nkf;rpNfh efhpy; eil Mh;g;ghl;lnkhd;wpid glk; gpbj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;ifapy; R Gifg;glg;gpbg;ghsuhd [{ Md; f];l;bNyh fyfj; jLg;Gg; nghy jhf;FjYf;fpyf;fhdJld; mthpd; Gifg;gl cgfuzq;fSk; gwpf;fg;g Fiwe;j gl;rk; %d;W Gifg;glg;gpbg;ghsh;fshtJ ,j; jhf;F
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Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G topfhl;b
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Nkhjy;fs; mjpfhpf;Fk; rhpahd ,lq;fs; njhlh;ghf rpwe;j tpsf;fj;Jld; ,Uj;jy;> mjw;fhf njhiyJ}u Gifg;glk; vLj;jy; Nghd;wtw;iw mUfpy; itj;Jf; nfhs;sy;> ghJfhg;G mjpfhhpfSf;F ,ilapy; ,Ug;gij jtph;j;Jf; nfhs;sy;> ghJfhg;G mjpfhhpfSf;F njhe;juTfis Vw;gLj;jTk;> ifJ nra;ag;gLtjw;Fk; Vw;w tpjj;jpy; mz;ika J}uj;jpy; ,y;yhjpUj;jy;. Ch;tyq;fs;> vjph;g;Gg; ghj ahj;jpiufs; Nghd;witfspd; gq;Fjhuh; my;yhky; Gifg;gl Clff; fz;fhzpg;ghsuhf ,Uj;jy;> Nkhjnyhd;wpd; rk;gtnkhd;wpy; vdJ gj;jphpiff;Fj; Njitahd msT Gifg;glq;fs; gjpT nra;ag;gl;ljd; gpd;dh; mt;tplj;jpy; ,Wjp jUzk; tiu jq;fpapUf;fhJ ,Uj;jy;> ,ad;wsT Ntfj;jpy; mt;tplj;jpy; ,Ue;J tpyfpr; nry;yy; Nghd;wit mtw;wpy; rpythFk;. ,t;thwhd ghJfhg;G cghaKiwfs; fhuzkhff; Fz;Lfspy; ,Ue;J ehd; ghJfhf;fg;gl;l re;jh;g;gq;fs; mjpfkhFk;.
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Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd Clftpayhsh;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G ghJfhg;G topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b topfhl;b
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Muk;gj;jpy; murhq;fj;jpw;Fk; k trkhf ehk; caph; jg;gpNdhk;.
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jug;gpdUk; ghhpastpyhd Aj mg;nghOJ aho;g;ghzk; tpLj fPo; ,Ue;jJ. kPz;Lk; aho;g;gh murhq;fj;jpd; ,yf;fhf ,Ue md;iwa jpdk; jhf;FjYf;- Fs;shdjhy; epue;jukhd KJF typnahd;W vdf;F chpj;jhdJ.
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fpilf;fg; ngWtjhfTk; njh wd vd;gjhFk;. Mgj;jhd #o;epiyapy; njhopy; flikapy;  tpLjiyg; Gypfs; ,af;fj;jpw;Fk; py; Muk;gkhd rkhjhdg; Ngr;Rthh;j;ijfs; Kwptile;J ,U dUk; ghhpastpyhd Aj;jnkhd;wpw;F jahuhfpf; nfhz;bUe;jdh;. hOJ aho;g;ghzk; tpLjiyg; Gypfs; ,af;fj;jpd; fl;Lg;ghl;bd; Ue;jJ. kPz;Lk; aho;g;ghzj;jpd; gyj;ij ifg;gw;wpf; nfhs;tNj q;fj;jpd; ,yf;fhf ,Ue;jJ. tw;Wf;fpilapy; ,yq;ifapy; rkhjhdk; kw;Wk; ey;yhl;rp h;ghff; fhprid nfhz;l mur rhh;gw;w epWtdq;fspd; kg;nghd;wpd; tUlhe;j kfhehnlhd;W nge;ju N`hl;lypy; fhs;tjw;F Vw;ghL nra;ag;gl;bUe;jJ. mk; khehl;bw;F gy ehl;lth;fSk; tUif je;jpUe;jdh;. vt;thwhapDk; tplaj;ij f tpsq;fpf; nfhz;l egh;fspdhy; ehl;by; Nth; tpl;Lf; nfhz;bUe;j #oypd; fPo; mk; khehl;bw;F vjpuhf Mh;g;ghl;lq;fs; Nkw; ;sg;gl;ld. khehl;bid elj;j Kbahjstpw;F gpuNjrj;jpy; h;fs; J}z;lg;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUe;jdh;.
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ClfClfClfClfClf
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md;iwa jpdk; mjph;\;ltrkhf ehk; caph; jg;gpNdhk;. fhuzq;fs; xd;wpize;j fhuzj;jpdhy; rpy Ntis md;iwa ghhpa Mgj;jpw;F Kfk; nfhLg;gjw;F tha;g;gpUe;jJ. vt;thwha md;W jhf;FjYf;Fs;shdjhy; epue;jukhd KJF typnahd;W v chpj;jhdJ.
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;tjw;F Kd;dh; Gifapujf; a epWj;jpaJ. Nfh\q;fis ;J te;j Nghiu Mjhpf;Fk; d gyte;jkhfj; jpwe;jdh;. k; tiu mbj;J nehWf;fpdh;. z;lh;fSf;F kj;jpapy; ehd; ; ,Oj;njLj;J ehyh gf;fKk; ;gpj;jdh;. epWj;jg;gl;lJ. jhf;FjYf;F hLtjw;F Fz;lh;fs; Kaw;rp ;fg;gl;lJ. N[h;kd; ehl;ilr; z;bUe;jdh;. mth;fs; ,UtUk; ;. vdJ kw;iwa rfhTf;Fk;
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fhg;G njhlh;ghd rh;tNjr re;jh;g;gk; fpilj;j nghOJ Kd; kpff; ftdj;Jld; bf;iffs; ,Uf;fpd;wd vd;W #o;epiyapy; njhopy; GhpAk; sf;fk; ,Ue;jpUg;gpd; vkf;F tha;g;Gf;fs; ,Ue;jpUf;Fk;. ; nfhs;tjw;fhtJ mt;thwhd w;F re;jh;g;gkpUe;jJ. Mdhy; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. py; vLj;Jf; nfhz;l Fz;lh; PJ jhf;Fjy;fis elj;jTk;> spd; Gifg;glf; fUtpfspy;
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gjpT nra;ag;gl;l fhl;rpfis gyte;jkhf mopj;J tpLjy; njhlh;gh rk;gtq;fs; gy re;jh;g;gq;fspy; gjpthfp ,Ue;jd.
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1999 Mk; Mz;L [{iy khjk; 15Mk; jpfjp vjph;f;fl;rpapd; vjph;g;G Mh;g;ghl;lnkhd;wpid nra;jp Nrfhpf;fr; nrd;w Gifg;gl Clftpayhsh;fs; [dhjpgjp ghJfhg;G gphptpdh; %yk; jhf;fg;gl;L Gifg;gl cgfuzq;fSk; gwpf;fg;gl;ld. mt; jhf;Fjiy jkJ gifg;glf; fUtpapy; gjpT nra;J nfhs;tjw;F "uhta" gj;jphpifapd; m[pj; nrdtpul;dtpw;F kl;LNk Kbe;jJ. NkNy fhl;lg;gLtJ mg; Gifg;glkhFk;.


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kWGwj;jpy; vkJ murpay; kw;Wk; r%fr; #oYk; Jujp\;l t td;Kiwia Nehf;fp khwpf; nfhz;L ,Uf;fpd;wJ. mjd; %yk; epi NkYk; NkhrkilAk; mlhtbj; jdq;fSf;F ,irthd murpay;th rl;lj;ij ftdj;jpy; nfhs;shJ Fog;gq;fis Vw;gLj;Jk; FOf;fSk; fle;j fhyq;fspy; Clftpayhsh;fSf;F vj td;Kiwiag; gpuNahfpj;jdh;. kpfTk; Nkhrkhd epiyika mt;thwhd egh;fs; gy re;jh;g;gq;fspy; nghyprhh; gy topfs; % jd; gf;fk; rhh;e;J nfhs;sr; nra;jikahFk;. 1990k; Mz Clftpayhsh; hp;r;rl; b nrha;rh flj;jpr; nry;yg;gl;L nf nra;ag;gl;l NghJ mJ KO r%fj;jpidAk; mjph;r;rpf;F cs;shf;f mr;rk;gtk; ,yq;ifapy; Clfj;Jiw kPjhd Clftpayhsh;f nfhiy nra;jy; vd;gjhFk; vd;w fUj;J cyfk; KOt gpurpj;jkhdJ. mg;nghOJ ehl;bw;Fs;Sk; ghhpa vjph;g;G njhptpf;fg;gl;ld. MdhYk; mjd; gpd;dh; ,e;ehl;by; ClftpayhsUf;F jkJ njhopy; fhuzkhf capiu mh;g;gz Nehpl;lJ.
hpr;rl; b nrha;rhtpw;Fg; gpd;dh; kpfg; gpugy;akhd gLnf 'rld (Satana)" gj;jphpifapd; Mrphpauhd Nuh`d Fkhutpd; gLnf MFk;. mjd; gpd;dh; epkyuh[d; nfhiy nra;ag;gl;lhh;. aho;g;ghz epkyuh[d; nfhiy nra;ag;gl;l gpd;dh; kl;lf;fsg;gpy; eNlrd; nf nra;ag;gl;lhh;. me;jstpw;F gpurpj;jk; milahj MdhYk Clftpayhsh;fs; fle;j fhyq;fspy; jkJ njhopy; epkpj;jk; caph Nehpl;lJ. uNk\; Fkhh;> ghyeluh[h Nghd;w NkYk; Clftpayhsh;fs; gLnfhiy nra;ag;gl;ldh;.
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;jd. lj;jpr; nry;yg;gl;lhh;. mr; e;jhh;. jkJ ifalf;fj; jkJ ez;gnuhUthplkpUe;J mr;re;jh;g;gj;jpNy mth;
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;Nl yPlh; gj;jphpifap;d; Mrphpah; yre;j tpf;ukJq;f gy jlit fhs;sg;gl;l nfhiy Kaw;rpfspypUe;J caph; jg;gpj;Jf; nfhz;l l;bd; Kd;dzp Clftpayhsuhthh;. xU jlit mth; tpayhsuhd jdJ kidtpAld; gazpj;j thfdj;ij gyte;jkhf pa murpay; Fz;lh;fs; rpyh; mth; kPJ jhf;Fjy; elj;j pj;jdh;. mtUila kidtp yre;jtpw;F Kd; gha;e;J jLj;jjd; khf yre;jtpd; caph; fhg;ghw;wg;gl;lJ. vt;thwhapDk; h;fSf;F mjpfsT Neuk; tPjpapy; ,Uf;f KbahJ kapdhYk; mth; md;W fhg;ghw;wg;gl;lhh;. gpd; xU re;jh;g;gj;jpy; ila ,y;yj;jpd; kPJ Jg;ghf;fpr; #Lk; elj;jg;gl;lJ. NjNghy; kuz mr;RWj;jYf;Fs;shd mg;NghJ yq;fhjPg ifapd; gpujp Mrphpauhd Mhpauj;d njhk;gfhtj;ij thu ehl;fis yfj;jpy; fopj;J tpl;L thu ,Wjpapy; jdJ tPl;bw;Fr; rh;tNjr hd fz;fhzpg;ghsh;fs; ,UtUld; nrd;Ws;shh;. mth; pUtUld; jq;fpapUe;j fhuzj;jpdhy; Nkyjpfg; ghJfhg;G ;jJ. murpay; mjpfhuj;jpid ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;fhf Clf ;ghL mtrpak; vd MAjf; fpsh;r;rp ,af;fq;fs; rpe;jpf;fpd;wd.


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