Page 1
Outreach
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
khfhz rig Kiwi
tYT+l;Ltjw;f Ntiyj;jpl 2
2008 uehs 23-25
,UgJ tUl mDg
mbg;gilahff; Njrpa Njrpa Njrpa Njrpa Njrpa ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ gupe;Jiufs gupe;Jiufs gupe;Jiufs gupe;Jiufs gupe;Jiufs
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
khfhz rig Kiwia tYT+l;Ltjw;fhd Ntiyj;jpl;lk; 2008
2008 uehs 23-25
,UgJ tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;g ilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa Njrpa Njrpa ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ Njrpa Njrpa gupe;Jiufs; gupe;Jiufs; gupe;Jiufs; gupe;Jiufs; gupe;Jiufs;
1 ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives

Page 2
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
13tJ murpay; rPu;jpUj;jk; kw;Wk; mjpfhug; gfpu;T 13tJ murpay; rPu;jpUj;jk; kw;Wk; mjpfhug; gfpu;T 13tJ murpay; rPu;jpUj;jk; kw;Wk; mjpfhug; gfpu;T 13tJ murpay; rPu;jpUj;jk; kw;Wk; mjpfhug; gfpu;T 13tJ murpay; rPu;jpUj;jk; kw;Wk; mjpfhug; gfpu;T
ISBN : 978-955-1655-38-9 Kjw; gjpg;G : 2008 Nk 2008 Nk 2008 Nk 2008 Nk 2008 Nk gjpg;ghrpupau; : yady; FUNf yady; FUNf yady; FUNf yady; FUNf yady; FUNf fzdp tbtikg;G : Rfe;jp kzpkhwd; Rfe;jp kzpkhwd; Rfe;jp kzpkhwd; Rfe;jp kzpkhwd; Rfe;jp kzpkhwd; mr;Rg;gjpg;G : f;Nshg; gpupd;bq; Ntu;f;] f;Nshg; gpupd;bq; Ntu;f;] f;Nshg; gpupd;bq; Ntu;f;] f;Nshg; gpupd;bq; Ntu;f;] f;Nshg; gpupd;bq; Ntu;f;] ntspaPL : khw;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;;fh khw;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;;fh khw;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;;fh khw;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;;fh khw;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;;fh r%fg; gq;Nfw;G epfo;r;rp r%fg; gq;Nfw;G epfo;r;rp r%fg; gq;Nfw;G epfo;r;rp r%fg; gq;Nfw;G epfo;r;rp r%fg; gq;Nfw;G epfo;r;rp
khw;Wf;nfhs;if epiyankd;gJ RahjPd> murpay; fl;rp N gpujhdkhf murhf;fk;> Kuz;ghLfisj; jPu;j;jYk; mjD ghy; mtjhdk; nrYj;Jk;. khw;Wf;nfhs;iffSf;fh mikf;fg;gl;ljw;fhd fhuzk; nghJ kf;fspd; nfhs;if rptpy; r%fj;jpd; Neub xj;Jiog;G Njitg;gLtjhYk;> vd;gJ njhlu;ghf kpFe;j ek;gpf;ifiaf; nfhz;Ls;sJ tpku;rd uPjpahf tpku;rpf;fg;gly;> khw;W topfis ,z njhlu;ghd Ma;T> mOj;jk; nfhLf;Fk; epfo;r;rpj nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyak; mu;g;gzpj;Js;sJ.
Nkyjpf tpguq;fSf;F: khw;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyak; khw;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyak; khw;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyak; khw;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyak; khw;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyak; r%fg; gq;fspg;G epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lg; gpupT r%fg; gq;fspg;G epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lg; gpupT r%fg; gq;fspg;G epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lg; gpupT r%fg; gq;fspg;G epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lg; gpupT r%fg; gq;fspg;G epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lg; gpupT 32/7> g;/stu; tPjp> nfhOk;G - 07 njhiyNgrp: 011-2370801-4> /gf;];: 011-2370802 kpd; mQ;ry;: cpa@cpalanka.org ,izajsk;: www.cpalanka.org
2 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

w;Wk; mjpfhug; gfpu;T w;Wk; mjpfhug; gfpu;T w;Wk; mjpfhug; gfpu;T w;Wk; mjpfhug; gfpu;T w;Wk; mjpfhug; gfpu;T
955-1655-38-9
Nk Nk Nk Nk Nk y; FUNf y; FUNf y; FUNf y; FUNf y; FUNf ;jp kzpkhwd; ;jp kzpkhwd; ;jp kzpkhwd; ;jp kzpkhwd; ;jp kzpkhwd; hg; gpupd;bq; Ntu;f;]; - 2329739 hg; gpupd;bq; Ntu;f;]; - 2329739 hg; gpupd;bq; Ntu;f;]; - 2329739 hg; gpupd;bq; Ntu;f;]; - 2329739 hg; gpupd;bq; Ntu;f;]; - 2329739 ;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;;fhd epiyak; ;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;;fhd epiyak; ;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;;fhd epiyak; ;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;;fhd epiyak; ;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;;fhd epiyak;
g; gq;Nfw;G epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lk; g; gq;Nfw;G epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lk; g; gq;Nfw;G epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lk; g; gq;Nfw;G epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lk; g; gq;Nfw;G epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lk;
RahjPd> murpay; fl;rp Ngjkw;w mikg;nghd;whtNjhL fisj; jPu;j;jYk; mjDld; ,ize;j Kuz;ghLfspd; hw;Wf;nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyak; 1996k; Mz;L ghJ kf;fspd; nfhs;if njhlu;ghd rk;ghridf;fhd g;G Njitg;gLtjhYk;> mijg; gyg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk; f;ifiaf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. nghJ kf;fspd; nfhs;if ;> khw;W topfis ,zq;fhzy;> mij tpupthf;fy; nfhLf;Fk; epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fSf;fhf khw;Wf; u;g;gzpj;Js;sJ.
piyak; piyak; piyak; piyak; piyak; pl;lg; gpupT pl;lg; gpupT pl;lg; gpupT pl;lg; gpupT pl;lg; gpupT 7 ;];: 011-2370802
20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives

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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
cs;slf;fk;
1. ,r;re;jh;g;gj;ij ehq;fs; eOttpl KbahJ
2. mwpKfk;
3. ,Wjp Nahridfs; (20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gi
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4. khfhz kl;lj;jpy; ,Wjp Nahridfs; (khfhz rig
Nky; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs;
tlkj;jpa khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs;
Cth khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs;
tlNky; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs;
khfhz rigia tYt+l;Ljy; - fhyf;NfhL
fpof;F khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs;
rgufKt khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs;
njd; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs;
kj;jpa khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs;
5. khfhz rigfspd; mbg;gil Nahridfs; (2k; gbK
Nky; khfhz rig
tlkj;jpa khfhz rig
Cth khfhz rig
tlNky; khfhz rig
fpof;F khfhz rig
rgufKt khfhz rig
njd; khfhz rig
6. KOikahd nraw;jpl;lj;jpy; khfhz rigahy; gq;f
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
cs;slf;fk;
tpl KbahJ 4
6
mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff;
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,r;re;ju;g;gj;ij e eOttpl KbahJ
vkJ ehl;by; 20 tUl fhy nraw;gl;L te;jpUg;gJld;> gy thjg;gpujpthjq;fSf;F cs te;jpUf;Fk; khfhz rig K Fwpj;J jpUk;gpg; ghu;g;gjw;F tha;g;Gf; fpilj;jJs;sJ. ru;t khehl;bd; Xu; ,ilf;f Nahridapd; gpufhuk;> 13 M murpay; ahg;G rPu;jpUj;jj cs;slf;fg; gl;bUf;Fk; mid tpjkhd mjpfhuq; fis khfhz rigfSf;F toq;Ft [dhjpgjp mtu;fis cs;spl;l jug;gpdu; ,zq;fpAs;sdu;.
mjpfhug; gfpu;tpw;F Clhf , gpur;rpidf;F mikjpahd xU nfhz;L tug; gl Ntz;L nkd khw;Wf; nfhs;if fSf epiyaj;jpd; ePz;l f vjpu;ghu;g;ghFk;. me;j tif ,e;j tplaj;jpy; xU jiyaPl;b Nkw;nfhs;tJ crpjkhdJ vd fUjpaJ. mjd; gpufhuk; khf rig Kiw Fwpj;J tpupthd ciuahliy Muk;gpg;gJ vjpu;g;ghu;g;ghf ,Ue;jJ.
,jid ntt;NtW fl;lq;f $lhf eilKiwg;gL Ntz;Lnkd;gNj vkJ Nehf;f ,Ue;J te;jJ. KjyhtJ fl;lj;jpd; Ng khfhz rigfspd; Kjyik fisAk; cs;spl;l kf
4 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

,r;re;ju;g;gj;ij ehq;fs; eOttpl KbahJ
ehl;by; 20 tUl fhykhf
gpujpepjpfs; kw;Wk; mjpfhupfs; ;gl;L te;jpUg;gJld;> gy;NtW
MfpNahUld; xU fye;Jiu ahly; ;gpujpthjq;fSf;F cs;shfp Uf;Fk; khfhz rig Kiw ;J jpUk;gpg; ghu;g;gjw;F xU ;Gf; fpilj;jJs;sJ. ru;tfl;rp l;bd; Xu; ,ilf;fhy idapd; gpufhuk;> 13 MtJ ay; ahg;G rPu;jpUj;jj;jpy; lf;fg; gl;bUf;Fk; midj;J
elj;jg;gl;lJ. mjd; gpd;du; xt;nthU khfhz rigf;Fk; jdpj;jdpahd tpjj;jpy; %d;W ehs; nrayku;Tfs; gy elj;jg;gl;ld. ,r;nrayku;Tfspd; mbg;gilapy; khfhz rigfspd; jw;Nghija epiyik> mtw;wpd; rhjidfs; kw;Wk; mit vjpu;nfhz;bUf;Fk; rthy;fs;> khw;Wtopfs; vd;gtw;iw hd mjpfhuq; fisAk;
cs;slf;fpa tpjj;jpy; rigfSf;F toq;Ftjw;F
mwpf;iffis jahu; nra;Njhk;. pgjp mtu;fis cs;spl;l gy pdu; ,zq;fpAs;sdu;.
,Wjpapy; midj;J khfhz rigfspypUe;Jk; njupT hug; gfpu;tpw;F Clhf ,dg; pidf;F mikjpahd xU jPu;T ;L tug; gl Ntz;L nkd;gNj f; nfhs;if fSf;fhd aj;jpd; ePz;l fhy hu;g;ghFk;. me;j tifapy;> tplaj;jpy; xU jiyaPl;bid fhs;tJ crpjkhdJ vd mJ
nra;ag;gl;l gpujpepjpfs; gq;Nfw;w xU nrayku;tpy; ,jd; ,Wjp mwpf;if jahupf;fg;gl;lJ. ,e;j mwpf;ifia Nk 28 Me; jpfjp gz;lhuehaf;fh Qhgfhu;j;j khehl;L kz;lgj;jpy; ,lk;ngw cs;s khehl;by; khz;GkpF [dhjpgjp mtu;fsplk; ifaspg; gjw;F vjpu;ghu;f;fg; gLfpd;wJ. NkYk;> paJ. mjd; gpufhuk; khfhz
murpay; fl;rpfs;> murpay; Kiw Fwpj;J tpupthd Xu;
jiytu;fs;> Clfq;fs; Mfpa ahliy Muk;gpg;gJ vkJ
midj;Jj; jug;Gf;fspdJk; ;ghu;g;ghf ,Ue;jJ.
ftdj;jpw;Fk; ,jid vLj;J te;J> ,J njhlu;ghf gutyhd Xu; d ntt;NtW fl;lq;fSf; f eilKiwg;gLj;j ;Lnkd;gNj vkJ Nehf;fkhf ;J te;jJ.
htJ fl;lj;jpd; NghJ> z rigfspd; Kjyikr;ru; Ak; cs;spl;l kf;fs;
ciuahliy Cf;Ftpg;gNj vkJ vjpu;ghu;g;ghf ,Ue;J te;jJ. ,r;nrayku;Tfs; elj;jg;gl;l fhyg; gFjpapNy fpof;F khfhz rigj; Nju;jy; ,lk;ngw;wJ. mj;Nju;jiyaLj;J mq;F Xu; khfhz rig cUthf;fg;gl;lik
20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
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Outreach
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
,r;nray;Kiwf;F tYT+l;ba tplakhf ,Ue;J te;jJ.
,r;nraw;ghl;bd; NghJ khw nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyaj epiwNtw;Wg; gzpg;gh ghf;fpaNrhjp rutzKj gzpg;ghsu; rig cWg;g nuh`hd; vjpuprpq;f> Nrh ,d;bNflu; mikg;gpd; jiy mjpfhup gpujPg; gPup]; kw;Wk; N[ jtuh[h MfpNahiu cs;s Gj;jp[Ptpfs; ,J njhlu;ghf v mu;g;gzpg;Gld; topfhl;Ljy;f toq;fpdhu;fs;. rp. njhlht v];.rptFUehjd; kw jpk;gpupahfk gz;lhu MfpN ,g;gzpf;F toq;fpa rpwg xj;Jiog;igAk; ,q;F Fw Ntz;Lk;.
Ntiyj;jpl;lj;jpy; t gfph;thsh;fs; vd;W khj; ,Ue;J tplhJ 13 rPh;jpUj;jj;jpd; fl;likg;G> m nraw;gLj;Jtjpy; c gpur;rpidfs; kw;Wk; khw;W to gw;wp rPuhf Muha;e;j tz ngWkjp kpF xd;iwAk; toq ahg;G kw;Wk; rl;l Ma;thsh; m ntypfy mth;fSf;F v nfsutk; chpj;jhfpwJ.
tsthsu;fs; vd;w Kiw Nguhrpau; Rdkrpwp ypad rl;lj;juzp v];.[p. GQ;rpN` epjp Mizf;FOtpd; ji mNrhf Fztu;jd> ntspe mYty;fs; mikr;rpd; gzpg;g Nf.b.v];. Utd; re;jpu> Nguhr etuj;d gz;lhu kw;Wk; Mizf;FOtpd; gzpg;ghsu; r ju;ktu;jd MfpNahu; ,k;Kaw msg;gupa gq;fspg;ig ey;fpdh mNj Nghy khw nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyaj kf;fs; gq;Nfw;G epfo;r;rpj;j gpuptpd; Copau;fs; toq xj;Jiog;igAk; ,q;F rpwg Fwpg;gpLjy; Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j Nahridfisj; jahupg aho;g;ghzk; jtpu;e;j Vi
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ay;Kiwf;F tYT+l;ba xU khf ,Ue;J te;jJ.
aw;ghl;bd; NghJ khw;Wf; ;iffSf;fhd epiyaj;jpd; Ntw;Wg; gzpg;ghsu; fpaNrhjp rutzKj;J> ;ghsu; rig cWg;gpdu; hd; vjpuprpq;f> Nrh~y; Nflu; mikg;gpd; jiyik hup gpujPg; gPup]; kw;Wk; N[hrg; [h MfpNahiu cs;spl;l Ptpfs; ,J njhlu;ghf vkf;F zpg;Gld; topfhl;Ljy;fis ;fpdhu;fs;. rp. njhlhtj;j rptFUehjd; kw;Wk; upahfk gz;lhu MfpNahu; pf;F toq;fpa rpwg;ghd iog;igAk; ,q;F Fwpg;gpl ;Lk;.
yj;jpl;lj;jpy; tsg; hsh;fs; vd;W khj;jpuk; ;J tplhJ 13tJ j;jj;jpd; fl;likg;G> mij w;gLj;Jtjpy; cs;s pidfs; kw;Wk; khw;W topfs; rPuhf Muha;e;j tz;zk; jp kpF xd;iwAk; toq;fpa kw;Wk; rl;l Ma;thsh; mrq;f pfy mth;fSf;F vkJ tk; chpj;jhfpwJ.
hsu;fs; vd;w Kiwapy; rpau; Rdkrpwp ypadNf> ;juzp v];.[p. GQ;rpN`th> Mizf;FOtpd; jiytu; f Fztu;jd> ntspehl;L y;fs; mikr;rpd; gzpg;ghsu; v];. Utd; re;jpu> Nguhrpupau; ;d gz;lhu kw;Wk; epjp f;FOtpd; gzpg;ghsu; rhypa u;jd MfpNahu; ,k;Kaw;rpf;F ;gupa gq;fspg;ig ey;fpdhu;fs;. Nghy khw;Wf; ;iffSf;fhd epiyaj;jpd; ; gq;Nfw;G epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lg; pd; Copau;fs; toq;fpa iog;igAk; ,q;F rpwg;ghf ;gpLjy; Ntz;Lk;.
Nahridfisj; jahupg;gjpy; ;ghzk; jtpu;e;j Vida
midj;J gy;fiyf; fofq;fisAk; Nru;e;j khzt gpujpepjpfspd; fUj;Jf;fisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sf; $ba tha;g;Gk; vkf;Ff; fpilj;jJ. mJ njhlu;ghf vkf;F xj;Jiog;G ey;fpa gy;fiyf;fof Mrpupau; fSf;Fk; vkJ ed;wpiaj; njuptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwhk;.
khfhz rig epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lk; njhlu;ghf> khz;GkpF [dhjpgjp mtu;fSldhd nraw;ghLfis xUq;fpizg;gjpy; xj;Jiog;G toq;fpa Nghf;Ftuj;J mikr;ru; ly]; myfg;ngUk mtu;fs; toq;fpa xj;Jiog; igAk; ,q;F ed;wpAld; epidT $u tpUk;GfpNwhk;.
vkJ ehl;by; ,lk;ngw;W tUk; Nghu; gy jrhg;j fhykhf Mapuf;fzf;fhd kf;fspd; ,uj;jj;ij kz;zpy; rpe;j itj;Js;sJ. mg;Nghiu epWj;JtJ Xu; cldbj; Njitahf ,Ue;J tUfpd;wJ. fpof;F khfhz rigj; Nju;jy; mJ njhlu;ghd kpf Kf;fpakhd xU jpUg;GKidahf cs;sJ.
khfhz rigfs; vjpu; nfhz;bUf;Fk; neUf;fbia Mokhd tpjj;jpy; Gupe;J nfhz;L> J}u Nehf;Fld; mjw;F crpjkhd xU jPu;it Kd;itf;ff; $ba ,e;j mupa tha;g;G jtwtplg;gl;lhy; vjpu;fhyj;jpy; vkJ jha;ehL ,jpYk; ghu;f;f Xu; ghupa tpiyia ,jw;fhfr; nrYj;j Ntz;bapUf;Fk; vd;gNj vdJ fUj;jhFk;. vdNt> ,e;j ,Uz;l fzj;jpy; kdpj Neaj;jpd; ngaupy; gy;yhapuf; fzf;fhd jPgq;fis Vw;wpitj;J vk; midtUf;Fk; xspkakhd Xu; vjpu;fhyj;ij vLj;J tUtjw;F ehq;fs; jplrq;fw;gk; nra;J nfhs;Nthk;.
yady; yady; yady; yady; yady; FUNf FUNf FUNf FUNf FUNf xUq;fpizg;ghsu; kf;fs; gq;Nfw;G epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lg; gpupT khw;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyak;
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mwpKfk;
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rh;t fl;rpg; gpujpepjpfs; FO (A vjph;fhyj;jpy; mjpfhug; gq;fPl;L NkYk; nghUs; nrwpe;j nkhopTfis mwpf;ifapLk; mj;j fhyk;tiu> Xh; ,ilf eltbf;ifahf> mjpy; tFj;J fg;gl;l mjpfhug; gfph;Tj; jpl;l KOikahfr; nraw; gLj;Jtn ,d;iwa murhq;fk; xj;Jf;nfhz nfhs;ifapd; fPo; gjpd;%d jpUj;jj;jpd; kPjhd Mh;tk; Gj;J ngw;Ws;sJ.
gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jk; ,yq;i rkhjhdj;Jf;Fk; rdehafj;Jf murpay; kw;Wk; murpayi rthy;fis vjph;nfhs;sf
6 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

mwpKfk;
; murpayikg;Gf;F 1987,y; ;gl;l gjpd; %d;whtJ jpUj;jk; fapy; khfhz rigfs; k nahd;w pd; Clhf murpay; uj;jpd; gfph;Tf;fhd rl;lfj;ij iuf;fpd;wJ. mJ njhlf;fj;jpy; pd; tlf;fpYk; fpof;fpYk; y; mjpfhuj;Jf;fhd jkpoh; irfis epiwNtw;W tjw;fhd pw;nrayhf tbtikf;fg;gl;l k; gy;tifg;gl;l murpaw; iyfspd; epkpj;jk; mf; fhis epiwNtw;Wtjpy; mJ p ngwtpy;iy. vdpDk; wik ehl;bd; vQ;rpa gFjpapy; ,U jrhg;jq;fshfr; nraw;gl;L ;sJ.
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20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives
vjhh;j;jkhd my;yJ mile;J nfhs;sf; $ba mjpfhug;gfph;Tr; rl;lfnkhd;iwf; Fwpf;fpd;wjh ntd;gjpy; fLikahd re;Njfq;fs; njhlh;e;JKs;s NghjpYk;> khfhz rig Kiwikiar; nraw;gLj;Jfpd;w mDgtj;ij kjpg;gPL nra;jyhdJ> jw;NghJs;s Kiwikia 'KOikahfr; nraw;gLj;JtjpYk;’ mjpfhug; gq;fPl;Lf;fhd vjph;fhyr; rl;lf nkhd;iwj; jpl;lkpLtjpy; jtph;f;f Ntz;ba gpur;rpidfspd; tifia ,dq;fhz;gjpYk; mJ gbg;gpf;ff;$ba ghlq;fSf;fhfg; gaDs;sjhFk;. vdNt CPA – USAID nraykh;Tfspd; epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lk;> nfhs;if tFg;ghsh; fSf;Fk; murpa yikg;igr; rPh;jpUj;Jgth;fSf;Fk; nghJ kf;fSf;Fk; gad;glf; $bajhf ,k;Kiwikiar; nraw;gLj;Jtjpy; Neub mwpTil ath;fspd; fUj;Jf;fisAk; mDgtq;fisAk; ntspf;nfhzh;e;J xg;gpl;Lg; ghh;g;gjw;fhd xU Kaw;rpahfj; njhlf;fpitf;fg;gl;lJ.
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Page 7
Outreach
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
tplaq;fisAk; Muhatpy;iyÉ mwpf;iff;fhd gpd;dp iz vspjhfg; ghh;f;ff;$ba jhd tbt kPsj; jug;gl;Ls;sd. gj ,t;twpf;if Vwf;Fiwa v khfhzq;fspdJk; mDgtq tpsf;fpf; fhl;Lfpd;w Kidg;ghd gpur;rpidf ftdj;ijf; Ftpf;fpd;wJ. N ,t;twpf;if nraykh;tpd; F Ntiyj; njhlh;fspy; Ki mwpf;ifaplg;gl;ltw;Wf;F k tiuaWf;fg;gltpy;iy. KOepiwTf; $l;lf; fye; jhuha Nfs;tp- gjpy; njhlh gq;Nfw;ghsh;fSldhd Ki
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,e;j mj;jpahaj;jpd; Neh gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jk; gw;wp RUf;fkhd mwpKfj;ij toq;F %yk; mj;jpahak; 3,y; nray njhlh;fspy; cUthf;fg;gl;l Kidg;ghd fUj;Jf;fi fUg;nghUs;hPjpahfr; rkh;g;gpg;j #oikitf; fhl;Ljyh gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jk; khf;fg;gl;l ,UgJ Mz;Lfspd; nraykh;Tj; njhlh;fs; vj rhjpj;Js;s njd;why; mJ> gpujh mjidr; nraw;gLj;Jtj eilKiwg; gLj;JtjpYk neUf;fkhf  khfhz rigf njhpTnra;ag;gl;l kw;Wk; ep mjpfhhpfspd;> fz;Nzhl;lj; jpy gjpd; %d;whtJ jpUj;j xOq;FKiwg;gb kjpg;gPL nra;jy ,k; Kaw;rp> ,ji nraw;gLj;jpath;fspd; fz;Nz jpypUe;J ,f;Fwpg;gpl;l mj gfph;Tj; jpl;lk; fhl;bAs;s Nj fisAk; tha;g;Gf;fisAk; g kpifahd cs;Nehf;Ffis toq vdpDk; Xh; murpay; Nfs;t
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
;fisAk; Muhatpy;iyÉ mit ff;fhd gpd;dp izg;ghf g; ghh;f;ff;$ba jhd tbtj;jpy; jug;gl;Ls;sd. gjpyhf pf;if Vwf;Fiwa vy;yh q;fspdJk; mDgtq;fis ;fpf; fhl;Lfpd;w $ba g;ghd gpur;rpidfspy; ;ijf; Ftpf;fpd;wJ. NkYk; pf;if nraykh;tpd; FO – j; njhlh;fspy; Kiwg;gb faplg;gl;ltw;Wf;F kl;Lk; Wf;fg;gltpy;iy. mJ wTf; $l;lf; fye; jhuha;Tfs;> p- gjpy; njhlh;fs;> ;ghsh;fSldhd Kiwrhuh
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mjpfhug; gfph;Tf;fhd mbg;gilf; Nfhl;ghL vt;thW jhgpf;fg;gl;l njd;gijAk; mjd; rl;lj; Njhw;wk; vt;thW gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jnkd;w tbtj;jpy; te;jnjd;gijAk; kPl;bg;ghh;j;jYk; Kf;fpakhdJ. ,J> Kuz;ghl;Lj; jPh;Tf;Fk; $ba rdehafkakhf;fYf;Fk; xU topKiwahf mjpfhug; gq;fPL gw;wpj; njhlh;e;J eilngWfpd;w gfpuq;f tpthjk; njhlh;ghd gpur;rpidfis tphpthf tpsq;fpf;nfhs;tjw;Fj; jPh;Tf;fl;lkhd xd;whFk;.
gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jj;ijf; fz;bg;gth;fisAk; mth;fspd; mbg;gil thjq;fisAk; gue;jhPjpapy; ,uz;lhfg; gphpf;fyhk;. Murpay; mjpfhuj;Jf;fhd ,dj;Jt – Ml;rpg;gpuNjrf; Nfhhpf;iffSf;Fg; gjpyspf;Fk; xU topKiwahf mjpfhug; gq;fPl;ilAk; gfph;itAk; vjph;g;gth;fs;> murpayikg;Gf;fhd jpUj;jk; nra;ag;gl;l murpay; kw;Wk; rl;lr; nray;Kiw mbg;gilapy; rl;lKiwNflhnjdr; Rl;bf;fhl;Lth;. ,d;wpaikahjthW cs;ehl;Lg;
7 ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives

Page 8
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
gaq;futhjg; gpur;rpidn fhzg;gl;l xd;wpy; ,e;jpa jd;Kidg;ghd g murpayikg;Gf;fhd jpUj;j xg;gpl;lstpy; ,yFthf epiwN $bajhf 1987 ,y; murhq;f (1982,d; kf;fs; jPh;g;gpd; C  rpq;fs murpay; r%fj mNjasT msg;ghpa mu vjph;g;Gf;nfjpuhf mji gad;gLj;jpa Kiw Nghd;w fhu ,jd; njhlh;gpy; rhd vLj;Jf;fhl;lg;gLfpd;wd. N gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jk; n Kbf;fg;gl;l xU fhhpakhd g ,f; fz;Nzhl;lj;jpy; kpfg; gpug thjkhapUe;jJ. khfhz ri Coy;fspd; tpisepyk;> ngUk gpbf;fpd;w xU klikahd n Njhy;tpaile;j murpay;thjpfS xU fUT+yk; vd;gijj; jtpu cs;sikia epahag;gLj;Jt epahakhd fhuzk; vJTkpy;iy fUj;J: ehfhPfkhd Ki $Wtjhapd; ‘nts;is ahid’ thjk;.
rpj;jhe;j epwkhiyapd; kWKi ikag;gLj;jpa xw;iwahl;rp m epiy epWtg;gl;Ls;s gjpd;%d jpUj;jr; rl;lfk; gue;j murpayikg;Gr; rhjdj;jpDs; c vjph; Kuz;ghLfisAk; Kw nghUj;jkw;w jd;iki nfhz;lnjd;Wk; mJ Ng njd;gJld; eilKiwf;F xt;th rl;lr; rl;lfnkd;Wk; thjpL cs;sdh;. ,f;fUj;Jf; Nfhz gpufhuk;> Xh; xw;iwahl;rp mu gy;tifikiaAk; gy;ypdthjji rkhspf;fpd;w xU Nfhl;ghlhf m gfph;Tk; gpuhe;jpa Rahl;rpAk; ga Ntz;Lkhapd;> mJ fUj Ks;sjhfTk; kj;jpa m ,iltplhj cl;jhf;Fjy;fspy ghJfhf;fg;gl;ljhfTk; , Ntz;Lk;. vdNt mjpfhug; ntw;wpaspf;f Ntz;Lkh gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jk; cW epiyehl;lg;gl;Ls;s xw;iw
8 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

uthjg; gpur;rpidnad;W ;gl;l xd;wpy; ,e;jpahtpd; idg;ghd gq;F> yikg;Gf;fhd jpUj;jj;ij stpy; ,yFthf epiwNtw;wf; hf 1987 ,y; murhq;fj;jpd; d; kf;fs; jPh;g;gpd; Clhf l;l) msg;ghpa ghuhSkd;wg; hd;ikapd; rl;lKiwNflhd > rpq;fs murpay; r%fj;jpDs; sT msg;ghpa murpay; ;Gf;nfjpuhf mjidg; j;jpa Kiw Nghd;w fhuzpfs; ; njhlh;gpy; rhd;whf f;fhl;lg;gLfpd;wd. NkYk; d;whtJ jpUj;jk; nra;J g;gl;l xU fhhpakhd gpd;dh; ;Nzhl;lj;jpy; kpfg; gpugykhd apUe;jJ. khfhz rigfs; spd; tpisepyk;> ngUk;nryT d;w xU klikahd nray;> paile;j murpay;thjpfSf;fhd UT+yk; vd;gijj; jtpu mJ ikia epahag;gLj;Jtjw;F hd fhuzk; vJTkpy;iy vd;w : ehfhPfkhd Kiwapy; hapd; ‘nts;is ahid’ vd;w
;j epwkhiyapd; kWKidapy;> ;gLj;jpa xw;iwahl;rp murpy; epWtg;gl;Ls;s gjpd;%d;whtJ ;jr; rl;lfk; gue;jfd;w ikg;Gr; rhjdj;jpDs; cs;sf Kuz;ghLfisAk; Kw;wpYk; j;jkw;w jd;ikiaAk; ;lnjd;Wk; mJ Nghjhj ld; eilKiwf;F xt;thj xU rl;lfnkd;Wk; thjpLNthh; dh;. ,f;fUj;Jf; Nfhzj;jpd; ;> Xh; xw;iwahl;rp murpDs; fikiaAk; gy;ypdthjj;ijAk; ;fpd;w xU Nfhl;ghlhf mjpfhug; ; gpuhe;jpa Rahl;rpAk; gad;gl ;Lkhapd;> mJ fUj;jho jhfTk; kj;jpa murpd; plhj cl;jhf;Fjy;fspypUe;J hf;fg;gl;ljhfTk; ,Uf;f k;. vdNt mjpfhug; gq;fPL paspf;f Ntz;Lkhapd; d;whtJ jpUj;jk; cWjpahf hl;lg;gl;Ls;s xw;iwahl;rp
20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives
munrd;w mbg;gil Kuz;ghl;by;> mjid KOJk; kPz;Lk; tFj; jikf;Fk; Nehf;Fld;> ftdQ;nrYj;j Ntz;Lnkd mth;fs; thjpLth;. ,Wjpahd murpay; gFg;gha;itg; ghh;f;Fkplj;J> gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jk; tlf;fpYk; fpof;fpYKs;s jkpo; NgRk; kf;fSf;Fr; rkhjhdkhd mjpfhug; gq;fPnld;w mjd; gpujhd Nehf;fj;jpYk; gpujk mbg;gilf; Nfhl;ghl;bYk; ntspg;gilahfj; Njhy;tp fz;Ltpl;lnjd ,t;tpkh;rfh;fs; Rl;bf;fhl;Lth;.
gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jj;jpd; kPJk; cz;ikapy; ,yq;ifapd; xUikia nka;f;Nfhshff; nfhz;l NtW ve;j tifahd mjpfhug; gq;fPl;bd; kPJkhd %d;whtJ tFjpf; fz;Nzhl;lk;> Iaj;Jf;fplkpd;wp vy;.hP.hP.<. ntspg;gLj;jpathW> jkpo; murpay; r%fj;jpYs;s nraw;ghl;lhsu;fspd; fz;Nzhl;lk;jhd;. tlf;fpYk; fpof;fpYk; jdpNtwhd munrhd;iw epWTtnjd;w mth;fspd;  Iaj;Jf;fplkpd;wp> gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jj;ijr; nraw;gLj;Jtjd; ed;ikfSk; jPikfSk; mDgtq;fSk; gw;wpa xU fye;jhuha;T ,yq;ifapy; mjpfhug; gq;fPLk; rdehaf kakhf;fYk; gw;wpa gue;j tpthjq;fSf;Fs; GFe;JtpLtjpy; tpag;NgJkpy;iy.

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2.1 mjpfhug; gfph;T 2.1 mjpfhug; gfph;T 2.1 mjpfhug; gfph;T 2.1 mjpfhug; gfph;T 2.1 mjpfhug; gfph;T gjpd;%d;whtJ jpU gjpd;%d;whtJ jpU gjpd;%d;whtJ jpU gjpd;%d;whtJ jpU gjpd;%d;whtJ jpU mbg;gilf; Nfhl;gh mbg;gilf; Nfhl;gh mbg;gilf; Nfhl;gh mbg;gilf; Nfhl;gh mbg;gilf; Nfhl;gh
,yq;ifr; rKjhaj;jpd; ,d> f kw;Wk; rkag; gy;tifik m murpayikg;G tbtk; gw;wpa m rr;ruTf;fhd xU %ykhf vg;N ,Ue;Js;sJ. nghJthf Rje;jpuj;Jf;Fg; gpe;jpa tuy ngUk;ghd;ikr; rpq;fsr; r%fk; ngUksT vz;zpf;ifapd; C muir mJ fl;Lg;gLj;jf;$baj xw;iwahl;rp munrd;w tbt rdehafj;ij Mjhpj;Jte;Js;sJ khwhf> vz;zpf;ifapy; rpwpa r%fk; rpq;fsg; ngUk;ghd;i Mjpf;fk; gw;wp m nfhz;bUe;jjdhy; jkJ ey ghJfhf;fg;glf;$ba murpay tbtq;fisj; NjbaJ. ,e;j c Nfhhpf;iffs; kj;jpapy; mjpfhug; (vLf;fhl;lhfj; Njrpa rl;lri rkkhd gpujpepjpj;Jtj;jpd; C rk~;b vd;w fUj;Jf;fsh 1970fspYk; 80fspYk; g nry;tjw;Fk; jdp Nt munrhd;iwj; jhgpg;gjw;F Nfhhpf;iffshfTk; ntspg;g 1980fspy; ,e;j murpay; gjw;w td;Kiwahd ,d Nkhjy rptpy; Aj;jkhfTk; khwptp mj;Jld; ,f;fhyj;jpy; ,yq;i mjpfhpj;j ,d Nkhjy; Gtpapay; murpay; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; n njhlq;fptpl;ljdhy; gpuh ty;yurhd ,e;jpah xU jPtpukhd Ntis Kuz;ghlhd gq;if tf njhlq;fptpl;lJ. mg;ghq;fpy gy;NtW re;jh;g;gq;fspy; ,y muRf;nfjpuhfj; jkpo;g; gphp thjj;ij Mjhpj;jJld; m fj;Jf;Fk; jkpo;j; Njrpat
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 mjpfhug; mjpfhug; mjpfhug; mjpfhug; mjpfhug; gfph;Tf;Fk; gfph;Tf;Fk; gfph;Tf;Fk; gfph;Tf;Fk; gfph;Tf;Fk; gjpd;%d;whtJ gjpd;%d;whtJ gjpd;%d;whtJ gjpd;%d;whtJ gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jj;Jf;Fkhd jpUj;jj;Jf;Fkhd jpUj;jj;Jf;Fkhd jpUj;jj;Jf;Fkhd jpUj;jj;Jf;Fkhd mbg;gilf; mbg;gilf; mbg;gilf; mbg;gilf; mbg;gilf; Nfhl;ghL Nfhl;ghL Nfhl;ghL
Nfhl;ghL Nfhl;ghL fr; rKjhaj;jpd; ,d> fyhrhu ; rkag; gy;tifik murpd; ikg;G tbtk; gw;wpa murpay; f;fhd xU %ykhf vg;NghJk; s;sJ. nghJthf vkJ uj;Jf;Fg; gpe;jpa tuyhw;wpy; hd;ikr; rpq;fsr; r%fk; mjd; T vz;zpf;ifapd; Clhf mJ fl;Lg;gLj;jf;$bajhd Xh; ahl;rp munrd;w tbtj;jpy; fj;ij Mjhpj;Jte;Js;sJ. vjph; > vz;zpf;ifapy; rpwpa jkpo;r; ; rpq;fsg; ngUk;ghd;ikapd; ;fk; gw;wp mr;rq; ;bUe;jjdhy; jkJ eyd;fs; f;fg;glf;$ba murpayikg;G ;fisj; NjbaJ. ,e;j chpikf; ffs; kj;jpapy; mjpfhug; gq;fPL hl;lhfj; Njrpa rl;lrigapy; gpujpepjpj;Jtj;jpd; Clhf)> vd;w fUj;Jf;fshfTk; spYk; 80fspYk; gphpe;J jw;Fk; jdp Ntwhd hd;iwj; jhgpg;gjw;Fkhd ;iffshfTk; ntspg;gl;ld. py; ,e;j murpay; gjw;wq;fs; iwahd ,d NkhjyhfTk; Aj;jkhfTk; khwptpl;ld. d; ,f;fhyj;jpy; ,yq;ifapy; ;j ,d Nkhjy; Gtpapay; rhh;e;j y; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ngwj; q;fptpl;ljdhy; gpuhe;jpa hd ,e;jpah xU jPtpukhd> xU Kuz;ghlhd gq;if tfpf;fj; ;fptpl;lJ. mg;ghq;fpy; mJ W re;jh;g;gq;fspy; ,yq;if ;nfjpuhfj; jkpo;g; gphptpid ;ij Mjhpj;jJld; murhq; ;Fk; jkpo;j; Njrpathjf;
FOf;fSf;Fk; ,ilapy; If;fpa ,yq;ifapDs; murpayikg;Gj; jPh;nthd;iw vspjhf;Ftjw;fhd Kaw;rpapYk;  tpNrlkhf 1983 fWg;G A+iy epfo;Tfspd; gpd;dh;> Ngr;Rthh;j;ijj; jPh;nthd;iw vl;Ljiy Nehf;fhff; nfhz;l gy;NtW mbnaLg;Gf;fSf;F toptFj;jpUe;jJ. mtw;wpy; xU jpUg;GKid 1985,y; jpk;Gtpy; ,lk;ngw;w ,e;jpa Vw;ghl;byhd Ngr;Rf;fs;. jPh;nthd;Wf;F cld;gLkhW ,yq;ifapd; Kuz;ghl;Lf;fhd jug;Gf;fis ,zq;fitg;gjw;fhd ,e;jpa Kaw;rpfspd; cr;rf; fl;lk;jhd; 1987 Mf];bd; ,e;jpa - ,yq;if xg;ge;jk;.
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mt;nthg;ge;jj;jpd; mt;nthg;ge;jj;jpd; mt;nthg;ge;jj;jpd; mt;nthg;ge;jj;jpd; mt;nthg;ge;jj;jpd; Fwpf;Nfhs;fshapUe Fwpf;Nfhs;fshapUe Fwpf;Nfhs;fshapUe Fwpf;Nfhs;fshapUe Fwpf;Nfhs;fshapUe
1. ,yq;ifapy; xUiki ,iwikiaAk; Ms;Gy xU ghl;ilAk; NgZjy;.
2. vy;yhg; gpuirfSk; rkj;Jtk ghJfhg;ghfTk; ,zf;fkhfTk; t tsk;ngwTk; jkJ mgpyhir epiwNtw;wTk; $ba xU gy;ypd nkhop NgRk; gd;ikr; rK rl;lfnkhd;wpDs; xt;nthU FOtpdJk; jdpNtwhd fyhrhu nkhoprhh;e;j milahsj Ngzptsh;j;jy;.
3. tlf;F kw;Wk; fpof;F khfhzq ,yq;ifapd; jkpo;NgRk; kf tuyhw;Wf; FbapUg;Gg; gpuNjrq mq;fPfhpj;jy;. 2.2 gjpd;%d;whtJ 2.2 gjpd;%d;whtJ 2.2 gjpd;%d;whtJ 2.2 gjpd;%d;whtJ 2.2 gjpd;%d;whtJ fl;likg;Gr; rl;lfk fl;likg;Gr; rl;lfk fl;likg;Gr; rl;lfk fl;likg;Gr; rl;lfk fl;likg;Gr; rl;lfk
1978 ,d; murpayikg;g jhgpf;fg;gl;l ,yq;if m typjhf;fg;gl;l xd;iwah gz;gpdhYk; fLikahf i gLj;jg;gl;l ,ay;gpdhYk;> mj gfph;it mwpKfg;gLj;j Ki murpayikg;Gr; rl;lfk; ngUks fl;Lg;gLj;Jtjhf ,Ue;jJ mj;jpahak; 3 ,y; gpd;dh; V mDgtk; fhl;Lfpd;wthW> mh;j;j mjpfhug; gfph;itf; fPoWg;gj gad;gl;lJ. gjpd;%d;whtJ jpU njhlh;ghd tof;fpy; (1987) [2 312]> cah;ePjpkd;w ePjpgjp ngUk;ghd;ikNahhpd; fUj;j khfhz rigfs; kj ghuhSkd;wj;Jf;Fk; rdhjpgj fPo;epiyg;gl;l mikg;Gf;fshapU ,yq;if Xh; xw;iwahl;rp mun gpufudg;gLj;Jfpd;w murpayi typjhf;fg;gl;l 2Mk; cWg;Gi gjpd; %d;whtJ jpUj;jr; rl;l%y xj;jpirtpg;gjw;fhd xNunahU ,Jjhndd;W ngUk;ghd;ik
10 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

mt;nthg;ge;jj;jpd; mt;nthg;ge;jj;jpd; mt;nthg;ge;jj;jpd; mt;nthg;ge;jj;jpd; mt;nthg;ge;jj;jpd; Fwpf;Nfhs;fshapUe;jit: Fwpf;Nfhs;fshapUe;jit: Fwpf;Nfhs;fshapUe;jit: Fwpf;Nfhs;fshapUe;jit: Fwpf;Nfhs;fshapUe;jit: yq;ifapy; xUikiaAk;
kiaAk; Ms;Gy xUikg; Ak; NgZjy;.
hg; gpuirfSk; rkj;JtkhfTk; g;ghfTk; ,zf;fkhfTk; thoTk; gwTk; jkJ mgpyhirfis w;wTk; $ba xU gy;ypd> gy NgRk; gd;ikr; rKjhar; khd;wpDs; xt;nthU ,df; Jk; jdpNtwhd fyhrhu kw;Wk; prhh;e;j milahsj;ijg;
sh;j;jy;.
;F kw;Wk; fpof;F khfhzq;fis fapd; jkpo;NgRk; kf;fspd; ;Wf; FbapUg;Gg; gpuNjrq;fshf hpj;jy;.
,t;nthg;ge;jk; mjd; Fwpf;Nfhs;fisr; nraw;gLj;Jtjw;F murpayikg;Gj; jpUj;jj;jpd; %yk; $l;bizf; fg;gltpUe;jJk; XusTf;F ,e;jpaj; Njhw;w mstpyhd miuFiw rk~;bj; jpl;lj;jpd; khjphpapy; mike;jJkhd epWtdhPjpahd rl;lfnkhd;iw Kd;nkhope;jJ. ,J khfhz rigfs; Clhf mjpfhug; gfph;Tj; jpl;lnkhd;iwj; jhgpj;j> 1978 ,d; murpayikg;Gf;fhd gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jj;ijj; Njhw;Wtpj;jJ.
2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 gjpd;%d;whtJ gjpd;%d;whtJ gjpd;%d;whtJ gjpd;%d;whtJ gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jj;jpd; jpUj;jj;jpd; jpUj;jj;jpd; jpUj;jj;jpd; jpUj;jj;jpd; fl;likg;Gr; fl;likg;Gr; fl;likg;Gr; fl;likg;Gr; fl;likg;Gr; rl;lfk; rl;lfk; rl;lfk;
rl;lfk; rl;lfk; ,d; murpayikg;gpdhy; ;fg;gl;l ,yq;if murpd; hf;fg;gl;l xd;iwahl;rpg; dhYk; fLikahf ikag; ;gl;l ,ay;gpdhYk;> mjpfhug; t mwpKfg;gLj;j Kide;j ikg;Gr; rl;lfk; ngUksTf;Ff; ;gLj;Jtjhf ,Ue;jJld;> hak; 3 ,y; gpd;dh; Vw;gl;l k; fhl;Lfpd;wthW> mh;j;jKs;s ug; gfph;itf; fPoWg;gjw;Fk; ;lJ. gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jk; ;ghd tof;fpy; (1987) [2 SLR cah;ePjpkd;w ePjpgjpfspy; ;ghd;ikNahhpd; fUj;jpd;gb z rigfs; kj;;jpa kd;wj;Jf;Fk; rdhjpgjpf;Fk; yg;gl;l mikg;Gf;fshapUe;jd. f Xh; xw;iwahl;rp munrd;W g;gLj;Jfpd;w murpayikg;gpd; f;fg;gl;l 2Mk; cWg;GiuAld; d;whtJ jpUj;jr; rl;l%yj;ij rtpg;gjw;fhd xNunahU top ndd;W ngUk;ghd;ikahd
ePjpgjpfs; fUjpdh;. gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jj;Jf;F MjhukhdjhfTk; mjid tphpj;Jf;$WtjhfTk; cs;s epajpr;rl;lKiwahd rl;lfKk; (1987,d; 42Mk; ,yf;f khfhz rigfs; rl;lk; jpUj;jg;gl;lthW) xj;jtifapy; fl;Lg;gLj;JtjhAs;sJ. ,J mjpfhug; gfph;Tf;fhd cz;ikahd NjitiaAk; epahag; gLj;jiyAk; gw;wpa xU nka;ahd fUj;njhw;Wik ,y;yhikapypUe;J vOfpd;w> fLikahd mtek;gpf;if nfhz;l murpay;. Ml;rpj;Jiw kw;Wk; ePjpj;Jiwapd; kdg;Nghf;ifAk; mjpfhug; gfph;tpd; kPjhd vjph;g;igAk; $lj; njspthfg; gpujpgypf;fpd;wJ.
mjpfhug;gfph;Tf;fhd Ml;rpg;gpuNjr myF khfhzkhapUe;jJ. ,yq;ifapy; mj;jifa xd;gJ khfhzq;fs; cs;sd. vdpDk; xg;ge;jj;jpd; gpufhuk;> jkpo;j; Njrpathjpfspd; Kf;fpa Nfhhpf;ifnahd;iw epiwNtw;Wk; nghUl;L tlf;F kw;Wk; fpof;F
20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
khfhzq;fs; ‘,izf;fg;gLk;’ murpay; nghWg;Ngw;nghd;W ,U fpof;F khfhzf; FbapUg;ghy tlkhfhzj;Jld; ,ize;jpUg;g njhlh;e;Jk; xg;Gjy; mspf;fpd;w ntd;gijj; jPh;khdpg;gjw;Ff; f khfhzj;jpy; kf;fs;jPh;g;G thf nghd;W elj;jg;gLtjw;F mi rdhjpgjpf; fl;lisnahd;wpd; ,J nraw;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. 2006 ,e;j kf;fs; jPh;g;G thf;n tUlhe;jk; xj;jpitf;fg;g 2006,y; cah;ePjpkd;wk;> tlf;F fpof;F khfhzq;fis njhlf;f ,izf;fpd;w rdhjpgjpf;fl nry;Ygbaw;w njdj; jPh;g;gspj %yk; nray;tpisTs;s Ki ,uz;bdJk; ,izg;G ePf;fg;g 2008 Nkapy; fpof;F kh rigf;fhd Njh;jy; elj;jg;g gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jk; khf;fg;gl;lijj; njhlh;e;J rl;l kw;Wk; epiwNtw;W mjpfhuk;> tpf gpujpepjpj;Jt Kiwapy; n nra;ag;gl;l> vl;L kh rigfSf;Fg; gfpug;gl;lJ. xU k rigapd; epiwNtw;W mjpfhu rdhjpgjpahy; epakpf;fg;gLk;. MseUf;F chpj;jhf;fg;gLfp vdpDk; MSeh; mt;tjpfhuq rpy Fwpj;j #o;epiyfspy; Kjyikr;rhpd; MNyhridf;fpz gpuNahfpf;ff; flikg;gl;Ls;shh;. M khfhz rigapy; Mff gpujpepjpj;Jtj;ijf; nfhz fl;rpapd; jiytiu Kjyik epakpf;fpd;whh;. khfhz mikr
nraykh;Tf; fye;j nraykh;Tf; fye;j nraykh;Tf; fye;j nraykh;Tf; fye;j nraykh;Tf; fye;j Kf;fpa fUg;nghUs Kf;fpa fUg;nghUs Kf;fpa fUg;nghUs Kf;fpa fUg;nghUs Kf;fpa fUg;nghUs
nraykh;Tj; njhlh;fspd; fl;l fg;gl;l fye;jhuha;Tf gq;Nfw;ghsh;fs;> gjpd;%d;w jpUj;jj;jpd; fPohd mjpfhug; g rl;lj;ijr; nraw;gLj;Jfpd;w khf fz;Nzhl;lj;jpy; mth;f eilKiw mDgtj;jpyp
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
q;fs; ‘,izf;fg;gLk;’ vd;w y; nghWg;Ngw;nghd;W ,Ue;jJ. khfhzf; FbapUg;ghyh;fs; hzj;Jld; ,ize;jpUg;gjw;Fj; ;Jk; xg;Gjy; mspf;fpd;whh;fsh ijj; jPh;khdpg;gjw;Ff; fpof;F j;jpy; kf;fs;jPh;g;G thf;nfLg; elj;jg;gLtjw;F mikthf> jpf; fl;lisnahd;wpd; %yk; raw;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. 2006 tiu kf;fs; jPh;g;G thf;nfLg;G e;jk; xj;jpitf;fg;gl;lJ. ; cah;ePjpkd;wk;> tlf;F kw;Wk; khfhzq;fis njhlf;fj;jpy; f;fpd;w rdhjpgjpf;fl;lis gbaw;w njdj; jPh;g;gspj;jjd; nray;tpisTs;s Kiwapy; dJk; ,izg;G ePf;fg;gl;lJ. Nkapy; fpof;F khfhz ;fhd Njh;jy; elj;jg;gl;lJ. d;whtJ jpUj;jk; rl;l ;gl;lijj; njhlh;e;J rl;lthf;f epiwNtw;W mjpfhuk;> tpfpjhrhu pjpj;Jt Kiwapy; njhpT g;gl;l> vl;L khfhz f;Fg; gfpug;gl;lJ. xU khfhz pd; epiwNtw;W mjpfhuq;fs;> jpahy; epakpf;fg;gLk;. mjd; f;F chpj;jhf;fg;gLfpd;wd. ; MSeh; mt;tjpfhuq;fis> wpj;j #o;epiyfspy; jtpu> kr;rhpd; MNyhridf;fpzq;fg; pf;ff; flikg;gl;Ls;shh;. MSeh; rigapy; Mff;$ba pjpj;Jtj;ijf; nfhz;Ls;s pd; jiytiu Kjyikr;ruhf ;fpd;whh;. khfhz mikr;rh;fs;
rig ehd;F mikr;rh;fisAk; Kjyikr;riuAk; nfhz;Ls;sJ. khfhz epjp mjpfhuq;fSk; MSeUf;F chpj;jhf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
tplaq;fspd; epuy;fs; %d;wpd; Clhfj; jFjpfs; xJf;fg;gLfpd;wd: khfhz rig epuy;> jdpg;gl;l kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; jFjpf;Fhpa xJf;F epuy; kw;Wk; Xh; xUq;fpia epuy;. xUq;fpia epuypYs;s ve;jnthU tplaj;jpYk; kj;jpa murhq;fr; rl;lk; khfhzr; rl;lj;ij tpl NkNyhq;fpajhapUf;Fk;. mj;Jld; xJf;F epuy;> gfpug;gl;l tplaq;fs; cl;gl vy;yh tplaq;fspYk; ‘Njrpaf; nfhs;if’ ia tFg;gjw;F ,ayr;nra;fpd;w Vw;ghl;bd; %yk; mjpfhug; gfph;itf; fLikahff; fPoWg;gjw;F kj;jpa murhq;fj;Jf;F tYtspf;fpd;wJ. vQ;rpa mjpfhuq;fs; kj;jpa murhq;fj;Jf;F chpj;jhf;fg;gl;ld.
gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jk; xt;nthU khfhzj;Jf;Fk; Fw;wtpay; tplaq;fspy; %y> Nkd;KiwaPl;L kw;Wk; kPsha;T epahahjpf;fj;ijg; gpuNahfpf;fpd;w Nky; ePjpkd;nkhd;iwj; jhgpj;J. mJ khfhz rig epuypd; fPOs;s ve;jnthU tplak; njhlh;gpYk; kPAhpik vOj;jhizfis toq;Fk; mjpfhuj;ijAk; nfhz;Ls;sJ.
nraykh;Tf; nraykh;Tf; nraykh;Tf; nraykh;Tf; nraykh;Tf; fye;jhuha;Tfs;: fye;jhuha;Tfs;: fye;jhuha;Tfs;: fye;jhuha;Tfs;: fye;jhuha;Tfs;: Kf;fpa Kf;fpa Kf;fpa Kf;fpa Kf;fpa fUg;nghUs;fs; fUg;nghUs;fs; fUg;nghUs;fs;
fUg;nghUs;fs; fUg;nghUs;fs; kh;Tj; njhlh;fspd; fl;likf; ;l fye;jhuha;Tfspy; w;ghsh;fs;> gjpd;%d;whtJ j;jpd; fPohd mjpfhug; gfph;Tr; jr; nraw;gLj;Jfpd;w khfhzf; zhl;lj;jpy; mth;fspd; iw mDgtj;jpypUe;J
vOfpd;w rthy;fisAk; mr; rthy;fSf;Fr; rhj;jpakhd jPh;TfisAk; khw;Wf;fisAk; ,dq;fhZk;gb Cf;Ftpf;fg;gl;ldh;. mr;rthy;fspy; ftdQ;nrYj;Jtjw;F mth;fs; Kd;nkhope;j jPh;Tfisr; nraw;gLj;Jjy; njhlh;gpy; khw;wj;jpd;
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Kfth;fshf mth;fs; ahiu fhZfpd;wdu; vdf; Nfl;fg;gl;l
,k; Kaw;rpapypUe;J ntsp ngUe;jpushd vz;zq;fs gpur;rpidfspYk;> nghUs mgptpUj;jpapd; gpuhe;jpa V jho;Tfs;É rhh;gstpyhd tWi RgPl;rKk;É rdj;njhif> Fbr;rhpj kw;Wk; ,d Mf;fmikTÉ gpuhe NjitfSk; tpUg;Gf;fSk;É nfhs rthy;fSk; Ke;JhpikfSk;É k muhq;fj;Jldhd murpay; cw xt;nthU khfhzj;jpdJk; Jiw kw;Wk; ifj;njhopy; rh ntspj;Njhw;wk; Nghd;w fhuz mbg;gilapy; khfhzq;fSf;fpi fUj;Jf;fspy; ,ay;ghd Ntw fhzg;gl;lJ.
vdpDk; kpfTk; NtW khfhzq;fshy; mjpfhug;gf ntw;wpf;fhd rthy;fshf (mj cz;ikapy;> jPh;Tfshf) fhzg;gl;l gpur;rpidfspd; nghJj;jd;ik nghpJk; Fwp jf;fjhapUe;jJ mtw;wpd; gpu NtWghLfs; vt;thwpUg;g xt;nthU khfhzKk; vjph;nfhs;t Njhd;Wfpd;w nfhs;ifg; gpur fspd; ,g;gue;j njhFjp gpd;tUkhW fUg;nghUs;hPj Kd;itf;fyhk;:
• murpayikg;Gg; gpur;rpi gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jj;jp mjpfhuq;fisg; gfph;e;jspj
• murpay; kw;Wk; eph;t gpur;rpidfs;: ikag;gL fyhrhuk;
• murpiw tUkhd k
epjpg;gpur;rpidfs;: fl;li FiwghLfSk; eilK mDgtKk;
• khfhz Ml;rp Kiw: fl;l kw;Wk; murpay; gpur;rpidf
• nrayhw;wy; gpur;rpid kdpjtsq;fSk; epUthfj; j
• rl;lg; gpur;rpidfs;;: Ml;rpapd; fPo; mjpfhug; gf
12 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

;fshf mth;fs; ahiu ,dq; pd;wdu; vdf; Nfl;fg;gl;ldh;.
aw;rpapypUe;J ntspg;gl;l ;jpushd vz;zq;fspYk; pidfspYk;> nghUshjhu Uj;jpapd; gpuhe;jpa Vw;wj; s;É rhh;gstpyhd tWikAk; k;É rdj;njhif> Fbr;rhpjtpay; ; ,d Mf;fmikTÉ gpuhe;jpaj; fSk; tpUg;Gf;fSk;É nfhs;ifr; Sk; Ke;JhpikfSk;É kj;jpa j;Jldhd murpay; cwTfs;É U khfhzj;jpdJk; Jiwrhh;e;j ; ifj;njhopy; rhh;e;j ;Njhw;wk; Nghd;w fhuzpfspd; lapy; khfhzq;fSf;fpilapy; f;fspy; ,ay;ghd Ntw;Wik ;gl;lJ.
k; kpfTk; NtWgl;l q;fshy; mjpfhug;gfph;tpd; f;fhd rthy;fshf (mj;Jld;> kapy;> jPh;Tfshf) ,dq; ;gl;l gpur;rpidfspd; gue;j ;jd;ik nghpJk; Fwpg;gplj; apUe;jJ mtw;wpd; gpuhe;jpa hLfs; vt;thwpUg;gpDk; U khfhzKk; vjph;nfhs;tjhfj; fpd;w nfhs;ifg; gpur;rpid ; ,g;gue;j njhFjpiag; khW fUg;nghUs;hPjpahf f;fyhk;:
urpayikg;Gg; gpur;rpidfs;: pd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jj;jpd; fPo;
pfhuq;fisg; gfph;e;jspj;jy;.
rpay; kw;Wk; eph;thfg; r;rpidfs;: ikag;gLj;jpa hrhuk;
rpiw tUkhd kw;Wk; pg;gpur;rpidfs;: fl;likg;Gf; iwghLfSk; eilKiw
gtKk;
hz Ml;rp Kiw: fl;likg;G ;Wk; murpay; gpur;rpidfs;
ayhw;wy; gpur;rpidfs;: pjtsq;fSk; epUthfj; jpwDk;
l;lg; gpur;rpidfs;;: rl;l l;rpapd; fPo; mjpfhug; gfph;T
20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives
• khfhzr; rpWghd;ikfSk; nkhopf;nfhs;ifAk;: khfhz rigfspd; gq;Fk; nrayhw;wYk;
• khfhz rptpy; rKjhak;: gq;Nfw;G> gjpw;nrayhw;wy; kw;Wk; tifg;nghWg;G
,j;Jizf; fUg;nghUs;fspd; Nky; ftpe;jjhfTk; mtw;iw ClWg; gjhfTk; kpf neUf;fkhd njhlh;Gila ,uz;L Kf;fpa fUg;nghUs;fs; cs;sd. Kjyhtjhf> mtw;wpy; mNdfkhdit gjpd; %d;whtJ jpUj;jj;jpy; tFj; Jiuf;fg;gl;l mjpfhug;gfph;Tf;fhd Fwpg;gpl;l murpayikg;Gr; rl;lfj;jpd; fl;likg;Gj; jhw;ghpaq;fs; njhlh;ghdit. vdNt xUq;fpda epuy; gw;wpa xU ftdk; njspthf mjpfhug;gfph;Tj; jpl;lj;jpd; caph; ehbahAs;s XH; murpayikg;Gg; gpur;rpidahAs;s mNj Ntisapy; mj;jpl;lj;jpd; fPOk; mjidr; Rw;wpAk; tpUj;jpaile;Js;s epjp kw;Wk; epUthf eilKiwfs; gw;wpa ftdq;fSk; mt;thNw. ,uz;lhtjhf> murpay; kw;Wk; Ml;rpj;Jiw eilKiwfSk; ePjpj;Jiw kdg;ghq;FfSk; murpayikg;ghy; jhgpf;fg;gl;l fl;likg;GfSf;F mh;j;jk; nfhLf;fg;gLk; Kiwapy; kWf;f KbahjthW nry;thf;Fr; nrYj;Jfpd;wd.
vdNt tiuT nra;jth;fspd; Nehf;fq;fs; vt;thwpUg;gpDk;> ikag;gLj;jiy Cf;Ftpf;fpd;w xU gzpj;Jiwf; fyhrhuk; mjpfhug; gfph;Tf;fhd murpayikg;Gr; rl;lfnkhd;iwf; fPoWf;ff; $Lk;. ,jd; kWjiyAk; cz;ikjhd;. ikag; gLjjpa epWtdf; fl;likg;Gfs; $l gd;Kfg;gLj;jYf;F gzpj;Jiwf; fyhrhuj;jpdJk; nghJkf;fspd; vjph;ghh;g;Gf;fspdJk; neUf;Fjypd; fPo; eilKiwapy; nghpJk; gd;Kfg; gLj;jpa Kiwapy; njhopw;glf; $Lk;. ,t;tpU fUg;nghUs;fSk; gpd;tUk; gphpTfspy; Muhag;gl;Ls;sdTk; NkNy $wg;gl;ldTkhd Jizf;fUg; nghUs;fspd; fPo; njhFf;fg;gl;Ls;s gpur;rpidj; njhFjpfs; xt; nthd;Wf;Fk; Vw;Gilad.

Page 13
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
3.1 murpayikg;Gg; 3.1 murpayikg;Gg; 3.1 murpayikg;Gg; 3.1 murpayikg;Gg; 3.1 murpayikg;Gg; gjpd;%d;whtJ jpU gjpd;%d;whtJ jpU gjpd;%d;whtJ jpU gjpd;%d;whtJ jpU gjpd;%d;whtJ jpU mjpfhuq;fisg; g mjpfhuq;fisg; g mjpfhuq;fisg; g mjpfhuq;fisg; g mjpfhuq;fisg; g
Kd;dh; Muhag;gl;lthW mh;j;j mjpfhug;gfph;Tf;fhd gpujhd jil xd;W typjhf;fg;gl;l Xh; xw;iw munrd;w fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; rl;lf fPo; gjpd;%d;whtJ jpU njhopw;gLfpd;wnjd;gJ. ,jd mk;rk;> Njrpag; ghuhSkd;wk; rl;lthf;f mjpfhuj;ij Jwj ve;jtpjj;jpYk; guhjPdg;gLj;J MfhJ vd;gJld;> VNjDk; rl;l mjpfhuk; nfhz;l VNjDk; m rigahd khfhz rigfSf;F nra;fpd;w 154v cWg;Giu xj;jpUg;gjhfj; Njhd;wtpy;iyn Rl;bf;fhl;lg;gl;lJ. ,g fl;Lg;ghLfspDs; njhopw;gLtjd gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jk; m yikg;Gld; xj;jpUg;gj nghUs;nfhs;Sk; tif gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jk; njhl tof;fpy; cah;ePjpkd;w ePjpgj ngUk;ghd;ikapdh; vLj;j mj gfph;T gw;wpa FWfpa Nehf;fpd khfhz rigfspdhy; mjpfhuq gpuNahfk;> Kuz;ghlhd re;jh;g;gj;jpy; kj;jpa murhq;fj kl;Lk; rhjfkhfj;jPh;f;fg; glf;$b murpayikg;G Iag;ghl njhlq;Ffpd;wJ epiwN mjpfhuj;ij (mj;Jld; gfph;e;j tha;g;Gf;fSf;fhd Mju ikag;gLj;Jfpd;w 1978 m yikg;gpd; fPo; kpjkpQ ty;yikAs;s rdhjpgjpg xj;jpirthd mjpfhug;g Kiwikf;Fg; gifahdnjd;w fU epytpaJ. mjpfhug;gfph;Tf;Fk; k Rahl;rpf;Fk; xU Kf;fpa ,lh;g xUq;fpia epuy; fhzg;g xUq;fpia epuypy; $wg;gl;l tpla kPjhd rl;lthf;f kw;Wk; epiwN mjpfhuk; kj;jpa murhq;fj;J khfhzq;fSf;Fkpilapy; gf
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 murpayikg;Gg; murpayikg;Gg; murpayikg;Gg; murpayikg;Gg; murpayikg;Gg; gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: gjpd;%d;whtJ gjpd;%d;whtJ gjpd;%d;whtJ gjpd;%d;whtJ gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jj;jpd; jpUj;jj;jpd; jpUj;jj;jpd; jpUj;jj;jpd; jpUj;jj;jpd; fPo; fPo; fPo; fPo; fPo; mjpfhuq;fisg; mjpfhuq;fisg; mjpfhuq;fisg; mjpfhuq;fisg; mjpfhuq;fisg; gfph;e;jspj;jy; gfph;e;jspj;jy; gfph;e;jspj;jy; gfph;e;jspj;jy; gfph;e;jspj;jy; ; Muhag;gl;lthW mh;j;jKs;s g;gfph;Tf;fhd gpujhd jilfspy; ypjhf;fg;gl;l Xh; xw;iwahl;rp ;w fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; rl;lfj;jpd; gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jk; ;gLfpd;wnjd;gJ. ,jd; Xh; ;> Njrpag; ghuhSkd;wk; mjd; f;f mjpfhuj;ij Jwj;jNyh> jj;jpYk; guhjPdg;gLj;JjNyh vd;gJld;> VNjDk; rl;lthf;f uk; nfhz;l VNjDk; mjpfhu d khfhz rigfSf;F Vw;ghL pd;w 154v cWg;GiuAld; g;gjhfj; Njhd;wtpy;iynadr; ;fhl;lg;gl;lJ. ,g;Gwf; hLfspDs; njhopw;gLtjdhYk;> d;whtJ jpUj;jk; murpa g;Gld; xj;jpUg;gjhfg; s;nfhs;Sk; tifapy; d;whtJ jpUj;jk; njhlh;ghd py; cah;ePjpkd;w ePjpgjpfspy; hd;ikapdh; vLj;j mjpfhug; gw;wpa FWfpa Nehf;fpdhYk; rigfspdhy; mjpfhuq;fspd; hfk;> Kuz;ghlhd xU ;gj;jpy; kj;jpa murhq;fj;Jf;F rhjfkhfj;jPh;f;fg; glf;$ba> Xh; yikg;G Iag;ghl;Lld; q;Ffpd;wJ epiwNtw;W uj;ij (mj;Jld; gfph;e;jspg;G ;Gf;fSf;fhd Mjuit) ;gLj;Jfpd;w 1978 murpa g;gpd; fPo; kpjkpQ;rpa kAs;s rdhjpgjpg;gjtp irthd mjpfhug;gfph;T kf;Fg; gifahdnjd;w fUj;Jk; J. mjpfhug;gfph;Tf;Fk; khfhz pf;Fk; xU Kf;fpa ,lh;ghlhf pia epuy; fhzg;gl;lJ. ia epuypy; $wg;gl;l tplaq;fs; rl;lthf;f kw;Wk; epiwNtw;W uk; kj;jpa murhq;fj;Jf;Fk; q;fSf;Fkpilapy; gfph;e;J
nfhs;sg;gLjiy cWjpg;gLj;j Kidfpd;w murpayikg;G Vw;ghLfs; vg;gbapUe;jhYk;> murpayikg;gpd; NtW Vw;ghLfSk; (vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf cWg;Giu 76 kw;Wk; NkYk; Fwpg;ghf khfhzr; rl;lq;fSf;F Nky; Njrpar; rl;lq;fSf;F Ke;J jiyik toq;Ffpd;w cWg;Giu 154v) mNjNghd;W xUq;fpia mjpfhuq; fspd; gpuNahfk; njhlh;gpy; ,U jrhg;jq;fSf;F Nkyhf kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; eilKiwAk;> khfhz rigfs; mt;tjpfhuq;fis mh;j;jKs;sKiwapy; mDgtpf;f ,ayhjitnadf; fhl;bAs;sd.
xUq;fpia epuypd; Jh;g; gpuNahfj;Jf;fhd cjhuzq;fs; kj;jpapy; fy;tp vd;w tplak; Kidg;ghAs;sJ. khfhz epuypd; ,dk; 3 ‘fy;tpAk; fy;tpr; NritfSk;’> khfhz epuypd; gpd;dpizg;G III ,y; jug;gl;Ls;s msTf;F> xU khfhz tplankdj; jhgpf;fpd;wJ. xUq;fpia epuypd; ,dq;fs; 2 kw;Wk; 3 ‘fy;tpAk; fy;tpr; NritfSk;’Xh; xUq;fpia tplankdTk; Vw;ghL nra;fpd;wd. vdpDk; khfhz epuyhy; mDkjpf;fg;gl;l msTf;F kl;Lk;jhd; ‘fy;tp’ xUq;fpia tplankd ,t;Ntw;ghLfs; njhptpf;fpd;w mNjNtisapy;> ‘fy;tp’ ia tphpj;Jf;$Wfpd;w me;epuypd; gpd;dpizg;G III ‘Fwpj;Jiuf;fg;gl;l ghlrhiyfs; my;yhj vy;yh mur ghlrhiyfSf;Fk; trjpfisr; nra;J nfhLj;jy;’ xU khfhz tplakhf ,Uf;Fnkdj; njhptpf;fpd;wJ. ‘Fwpj;Jiuf;fg;gl;l ghlrhiyfs;’ (Vidatw;Wld;) murhq;fj;jpd; fl;Lg;ghL Njitg;gLfpd;w ‘Njrpa ghlrhiy’ vJntd;gJ gw;wpa
13 ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives

Page 14
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
tiutpyf;fzk; mq;fpy;iy. v ,jd; tpisthf kj;jpa murh khfhz rigfisf; fye;jhN fhkYk; mwptpj;jypd;w Gwepiyahd vt;tpj epa gLj;jypd;wpAk; khfhz rig Nehf;nfy;iyapypUe;J ghlrhiyfisr; RtPfhpg;gj ngUk;ghYk; ,t;Ntw;ghLf gad;gLj;jpAs;sJ.
khfhz mjpfhuq;fs; xj;jti gwpj;Jf;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;s V tplaq;fs; itj;jparhiyfs;> f Nritfs;> ePh; tsq;fs;> Ruq;fN kw;Wk; fdpg;nghUs;fs; njhlh;gh mNjNghd;W epfo;fhyj;jpy; et n fk neFk> enfd`pu eNt jrj`rf; ntt; epfo;r;rpj;jpl;l Nghd;w murpay; hPjpa Fwpg;gplj;jf;f mgptpU nray;jpl;lq;fs; xU njhlh;thpi khfhz epahahjpf;fq;fs jhf;Ffpd;wd.
,JNghyNt> 154Q cWg;Giua khfhz Nky; ePjpkd;wq;f jhgpg;gjd; Clhff; Fwpj ePjpj;Jiw mjpfhuq;fs; gfpug;gL NghjpYk; mjd; gpd Fwpj;Jiuf;fg;gl;l epjpg; ngWkj $ba tof;Ffs; kPJ epahahj nfhz;ljhff; nfhOk;gpy; jhgpf;f th;j;jf Nky; ePjpkd;wKk; k Nky; ePjpkd;wq;fSf;fpi tof;Ffis ,lk;khw;Wtjw;Fg; ePjpaurUf;F chpj;jhf;fg;gl mjpfhuKk; mjpfhug; gf Nfhl;ghl;il kPWfpd;wd.
xUq;fpia epuypd; fl;li Fiwghl;Lld; neUf;f njhlh;GilaJjhd; ‘v tplaq;fspdJk; gzpfspdJk; Njrpaf; nfhs;if’ vd;w jiy xJf;fpa epuypYs;s ,dk;. khfhzq;fSf;Fg; gfpug tplaq;fspd; kPJ $l tiuai rl;lthf;f kw;Wk; epiwN mjpfhuj;ij kj;jpa murhq;fj mspf;fpd;wjdhy; mjpfhug;gf Nfhl;ghl;Lf;F Kw;w xt;thjjhAs;sJ. vLj;Jf;fh kj;jpa ghuhSkd;wk; 1991 ,d
14 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

pyf;fzk; mq;fpy;iy. vdpDk; tpisthf kj;jpa murhq;fk;> rigfisf; fye;jhNyhrpf; k; mwptpj;jypd;wpAk; yahd vt;tpj epahag; pd;wpAk; khfhz rigfspd; ;nfy;iyapypUe;J mur iyfisr; RtPfhpg;gjw;Fg; ;ghYk; ,t;Ntw;ghLfisg;
j;jpAs;sJ.
mjpfhuq;fs; xj;jtifapy; f;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;s Vida ;fs; itj;jparhiyfs;> fkeyr; fs;> ePh; tsq;fs;> Ruq;fNtiy fdpg;nghUs;fs; njhlh;ghdit. hd;W epfo;fhyj;jpy; et neFk> eFk> enfd`pu eNthja> rf; ntt; epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lq;fs; ;w murpay; hPjpahff; ;gplj;jf;f mgptpUj;jr; pl;lq;fs; xU njhlh;thpirahd epahahjpf;fq;fs; kPJ pd;wd.
hyNt> 154Q cWg;Giuapdhy; Nky; ePjpkd;wq;fisj; ;gjd; Clhff; Fwpj;jrpy iw mjpfhuq;fs; gfpug;gLfpd;w pYk; mjd; gpd;dh;> iuf;fg;gl;l epjpg; ngWkjpf;Ff; tof;Ffs; kPJ epahahjpf;fk; ; jhff; nfhOk;gpy; jhgpf;fg;gl;l Nky; ePjpkd;wKk; khfhz ePjpkd;wq;fSf;fpilapy; fis ,lk;khw;Wtjw;Fg; gpujk rUf;F chpj;jhf;fg;gl;Ls;s huKk; mjpfhug; gfph;Tf; hl;il kPWfpd;wd.
pia epuypd; fl;likg;Gf; ghl;Lld; neUf;fkhd h;GilaJjhd; ‘vy;yh ;fspdJk; gzpfspdJk; kPjhd f; nfhs;if’ vd;w jiyg;gpy; pa epuypYs;s ,dk;. mJ q;fSf;Fg; gfpug;gl;l ;fspd; kPJ $l tiuaiwaw;w hf;f kw;Wk; epiwNtw;W uj;ij kj;jpa murhq;fj;Jf;F pd;wjdhy; mjpfhug;gfph;Tf; ;ghl;Lf;F Kw;wpYk; jjhAs;sJ. vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf ghuhSkd;wk; 1991 ,d; 4Mk;
20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives
,yf;f fkeyr; Nritfs; rl;lj;ijj; jpUj;Jtjw;F mjpfhug;gfph;Tf;Ff; Fe;jfkhd Kiwapy; ,t;Ntw;ghl;bd; cjtpia ehbaJ. mt;thNw 1991 ,d; 37Mk; ,yf;f Njrpa Nghf;Ftuj;J Mizf;FOr; rl;lj;ij Mf;Ftjw;Fk;. mr;rl;lk; gjpd; %d;whtJ jpUj;jj;jpd; %yk; khfhz rigfSf;F chpj;jhf;fg;gl;l epytopg; Nghf;Ftuj;J kPjhd mjpfhuq;fSf;Fj; njspthf KuzhdjhapUe;jJ. ,t;tpU Fwpj;j mk;rq;fSf;F Nkyjpfkhf gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jj;jpd; fPohd tplaq;fspdJk; mjpfhuq;fspdJk; gphpT gw;wpa nghJthd murpa yikg;Gj; njsptpd;ikAk; Rl;bf; fhl;lg;gl;lJ. ,jd; tpisthf nghWg;Gf;fs;> mjpfhuq;fs; kw;Wk; tsq;fs; kPjhd Kuz;ghLfs;. Nritfs; jpUk;gr; nra;ag;gLjy;> njhpT nra;ag;gl;l Njrpa kw;Wk; khfhz cWg;gpdh;fSf;fpilapy; murpay; gpzf;F (Fwpg;ghfj; Njrpag; ghuhSkd;w cWg;gpdh;fs; khfhz rigfisj; jkJ nraw;fsj;jpDs; mj;J kPWtdthf Nehf;Fjy;) kw;Wk; khfhzr; rl;lq;fSf;Fk; nfhs;if Mf;fYf;Fk; kjpg;gspf;fhj kj;jpa kdg;ghd;ik vd;git Vw;gl;ld. ikag;gLj;jiy Mjhpf;fpd;w murpay; fyhrhuj;jpd; gpd;dzpapy; ,g;gpzf;Ffs; nghJthf kj;jpa epWtdq;fSf;Fk; Njrpa kl;l murpay;thjpfSf;Fk; rhh;ghfj; jPh;f;fg;gl;ld. ,jd; tpisTfshf khfhz rigfs;> jkJ mjpfhuq;fisg; ghJfhj;Jf; nfhs;tjpypUe;J jLf;fg;gLfpd;wd> khfhz mjpfhhpfspdJk; murpay;thjpfspdJk; kdTWjpAk; Kd;Kaw;rpAk; CWgLfpd;wJ mj;Jld; mjd; %yk; khfhz Rahl;rp fPoWf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
murpayikg;G Kf;fpaj;JtKs;s kw;nwhU gpur;rpid cs;@uhl;rpg; gbthpir njhlh;ghdJ. Njrpa> khfhz kw;Wk; cs;@h;g; gbthpirfSf;F ,ilapy; mjpfhuq;fspd; gfph;T ed;F tiuaWf;fg;gltpy;iynadTk; njsptw;wnjdTk; epUthfj;jpYk; epjpapYk; murpaypYk; Neub kj;jpa - cs;@h; njhlh;Gfs; khfhz kl;lr; Rahl;rpf;Fj; jPq;fpiof;ff; $badntdTk; fUjg;gl;lJ.

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khfhz rigfspd; cjt ehlhkNyNa kj;jpa murh Neubahf cs;@h; kl;lj nraw;gLfpd;w (cz;ikapy; rd mjpfhuj;jpd; xU ePbg;ghd) gpu nrayhsh;fs; Kiwik ,e;epiyik NkYk; rpf;fy gLfpd;wJ. 1992 ,d; 58Mk; , mjpfhuq;fspd; ifkhw;wk;> gpu nrayhsh;fs; rl;lj;jpd; ,t;tjpfhhpfs; khfhz mjpfhh fl;Lg;ghNlh Nkw;ghh;itNah ,y khfhz Ml;r;rpg;gpuNjrj;j epUthff; flikfis Ntw;Wfpd;wdh;.
,Wjpahf> murpayikg;gpd; %yj;jpy; toikia tplf ftdQ;nrYj;jg;gLnkd nka
3.2 murpay; kw;Wk; 3.2 murpay; kw;Wk; 3.2 murpay; kw;Wk; 3.2 murpay; kw;Wk; 3.2 murpay; kw;Wk; gpur;rpidfs;: ika gpur;rpidfs;: ikag gpur;rpidfs;: ika gpur;rpidfs;: ikag gpur;rpidfs;: ika fyhrhuk; fyhrhuk; fyhrhuk; fyhrhuk; fyhrhuk;
murpayikg;Gr; rl;lfj mjpfhug;gfph;T njhlh;ghd fl;li gytPdq;fSf;F tYT+l;LtjhA gzpj;Jiwapdhpd; glh;e;J gut ikag; gLj;jpa fyhrhuk;. m thjpfSk; rptpy; Nritahsh ,jid toikahff; filg;gpbgg Njrpa kl;lj;jpy; ePjp kd;wq mt;thNw. xUq;fpia epuy; k Njrpaf; nfhs;if thrfk; vd;gt Clhfg; gfpug;gl;l mjpfhuq;fs; k vLj;Jf;nfhs;sg;gLtjw;Fk;> ngh ePjp kd;wq;fspd; kj;jpf;Fr; rh Nghf;fpw;Fk; Nkyjpfkhf khf fspd; Rahl;rpiaf; fPoWg;gj gad;gl;l NtWk; mNdf mk;r Kidg;gLj;jpf; fhl;lg;gl;ld.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
rigfspd; cjtpia NyNa kj;jpa murhq;fk; hf cs;@h; kl;lj;jpy; Lfpd;w (cz;ikapy; rdhjpgjp uj;jpd; xU ePbg;ghd) gpuNjrr; hsh;fs; Kiwikahy; yik NkYk; rpf;fyhf;fg; ;wJ. 1992 ,d; 58Mk; ,yf;f uq;fspd; ifkhw;wk;> gpuNjrr hsh;fs; rl;lj;jpd; %yk; pfhhpfs; khfhz mjpfhhpfspd; hNlh Nkw;ghh;itNah ,y;yhJ Ml;r;rpg;gpuNjrj;jpDs; hff; flikfis epiw fpd;wdh;.
hf> murpayikg;gpd; ciu py; toikia tplf;$ba ;nrYj;jg;gLnkd nka;ahff;
fUjg;glf;$ba> murpayikg;gpd; jpUj;jj;Jf;fhd re;jh;g;gq;fspy; jd;Dk; ghuhSkd;wk; mjpfhug; gfph;itg; ghJfhg;gjpy; ngUk; mf;fiw fhl;Lfpd;wnjd;gJ re;Njfj;Jf; fplkhdNj. vLj;jf;fhl;lhf> gjpNdohtJ jpUj;jj;jpd; %yk; RahjPdkhd nghyp]; Mizf; FOit epWTjyhdJ> cWg;Giu 154v(3) ,y; tpjpf;fg;gl;l eilKiw gpd;gw;wg;gl;bUf;fTk; khfhz rigfspd; fUj;Jf;fs; cWjpg;gLj;jg; gl;bUf;fTk; Ntz;ba xU re;jh;g;gnkd thjplg;glyhk;. Vnddpy; ,J khfhz epuypy; (gpd;dpizg;G I) Vw;ghL nra;ag;gl;lthW nghyp]; mjpfhuq;fisg; ghjpf;fpd;w xU tplakhFk;. gjpNdohtJ jpUj;jj;jpd; tplaj;jpy; ,J nra;ag;gltpy;iy.
3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay; kw;Wk; kw;Wk; kw;Wk; kw;Wk; kw;Wk; epUthfg; epUthfg; epUthfg; epUthfg; epUthfg; gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: ikag;gLj;jpa ikag;gLj;jpa ikag;gLj;jpa ikag;gLj;jpa ikag;gLj;jpa fyhrhuk; fyhrhuk; fyhrhuk; fyhrhuk; fyhrhuk; yikg;Gr; rl;lfj;jpy; g;gfph;T njhlh;ghd fl;likg;Gg; q;fSf;F tYT+l;LtjhAs;sJ iwapdhpd; glh;e;J gutpAs;s ; gLj;jpa fyhrhuk;. murpay; k; rptpy; Nritahsh;fSk; toikahff; filg;gpbg;gJld; kl;lj;jpy; ePjp kd;wq;fSk; Nw. xUq;fpia epuy; kw;Wk; ; nfhs;if thrfk; vd;gtw;wpd; ; gfpug;gl;l mjpfhuq;fs; kPz;Lk; ;nfhs;sg;gLtjw;Fk;> nghJtpy; ;wq;fspd; kj;jpf;Fr; rhh;ghd pw;Fk; Nkyjpfkhf khfhzq; Rahl;rpiaf; fPoWg;gjw;Fk; l;l NtWk; mNdf mk;rq;fs;
;gLj;jpf; fhl;lg;gl;ld.
nghJ epUthfKk; rl;lthf;fKk; vd;w mfy;tphpthd Jiw kPjhd kj;jpa jiyaPLfspy;> mit gfpug;gl;l flikfisAk; mjpfhuq;fisAk; njspthfg; ghjpj;jhYk; $l> nghJtpy; khfhzq;fSldhd fye;jhNyhrid apd;ikAk; xj;jpirtpd;ikAk; fhzg;gl;lJ. rl;lthf;f eltbf;if jtpu> epUthfj; jPh;khdk; vLj;jypYk; $lj; Njrpa rptpy; Nritahsh;fs; khfhzq;fspd; NjitfisAk; tpUg;Gf;fisAk; fUj;Jf;fisAk; ngUk;ghYk; js;sptpLgth;fshf> ,k;kdg;ghd;ik gutpapUe;jJ. ,J Fwpg;ghf> khfhz tpUg;Gf;fisf; ftdpahJ kj;jpa murhq;fk; nraw;gl kj;jpa Kfhikj;Jt Nritfs; rigapd; gzpg;GiufspYk;> khw;Wg;gjtpapy; mkh;j;jg;gl;l
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mYtyh;fspd; xOf;fh fl;Lg;ghl;bYk; ntspg;gLj;jg;g kj;jpa nghJ epUthf mik Rw;wwpf;iffs;> khfhz epi fisAk; NjitfisAk; ngUk tpsq;fpf; nfhs;shjdthf ,Ue;j epUthfr; Rw;wwpf;if n rhjdj;jpD}lhf kj;jpa mikr;Rf;fspd; mjpfhu vy;i tphptilar; nra;fpd;w tpisi nfhz;bUe;jd. mjpfhug;gfph;tp ,r;Rw;wwpf;iffspd; jh nghJthfg; ghuhSkd;w Ez tpypUe;J jg;gptpl;lJld; mhpj ePjpKiw kPsha;Tf;Fk; cl;gl;l
njhlh;lGila xU gpur;rpid kj;jpapYs;s epiwNtw;Wf; fpi fl;likf;fg;gl;l epWtdk;. mikr;Rf;fspd; tplaj Kw;WKOjhf rdhjpgjpapd; m jw;Wzpgpy; jq;fpapUe;jJ. , vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf> jw;Ngh Njrj;ijf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; mik th;j;jkhdg;gLj;jpa tpla gfpug;gl;l tplaq;fspd; kPjhd k Rahl;rpiaj; jpl;ltl;lkhf kPWf Mw;Wg;gs;sj;jhf;F mgptp rigapd; tplaj;jpy; cs;sthW kj;jpa jpizf;fsq;fspd; cUt xd;wpy; khfhz Rahl;rp ftdpf;fhkYk; khfhz epu Gwf;fzpj;Jk; ,d;Nwy; gfpu mjpfhuq;fis jpl;lkpl;L kj kPsf;NfhUtjw;fhfr; nra;ag;gl;L xj;jtifapy; ntspehl;L epj Aldhd nghpa mgptpUj fUj;jpl;lq;fs; kPjhd m vy;iyiaAk; mtw;iwr; nraw tjw;fhd Mw;wYk; khfhzq;f ,Ue;jhYk; mtw;iwg; nghUl;gL kj;jpa murhq;fk; nghJtpy; mt nraw;gLj;Jtjw;Fk; epiwN tjw;Fkhd nghWg;ig vL nfhz;lJ. mJNghyNt etneF neFk> enfd`pu eNthja k jrj`rf; ntt; Nghd;w m Kf;fpaj;JtKs;s tpNrl epf ;jpl;lq;fSk; ,jd; murpay; ghpk vd;dntdpy; Fwpg;ghfj; Njrpa murpay;thjpfs; ,r;n
16 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

yh;fspd; xOf;fhw;Wf; hl;bYk; ntspg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. nghJ epUthf mikr;rpd; f;iffs;> khfhz epiyik k; NjitfisAk; ngUk;ghYk; pf; nfhs;shjdthf ,Ue;jJld; hfr; Rw;wwpf;if nad;w j;jpD}lhf kj;jpa epiu ;Rf;fspd; mjpfhu vy;iyia lar; nra;fpd;w tpisitAk; ;bUe;jd. mjpfhug;gfph;tpd; kPJ ;wwpf;iffspd; jhf;fk; hfg; ghuhSkd;w Ez;zha; ;J jg;gptpl;lJld; mhpjhfNt w kPsha;Tf;Fk; cl;gl;lJ.
;lGila xU gpur;rpidjhd; pYs;s epiwNtw;Wf; fpisapd; kf;fg;gl;l epWtdk;. ,J r;Rf;fspd; tplaj;jpy; Ojhf rdhjpgjpapd; murpay; pgpy; jq;fpapUe;jJ. ,jw;F f;fhl;lhf> jw;Nghija jf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; mikr;rpd; khdg;gLj;jpa tplaq;fs; l;l tplaq;fspd; kPjhd khfhz piaj; jpl;ltl;lkhf kPWfpd;wd. ;gs;sj;jhf;F mgptpUj;jp d; tplaj;jpy; cs;sthW> Gjpa jpizf;fsq;fspd; cUthf;fk; y; khfhz Rahl;rpiaf; ;fhkYk; khfhz epuiyg; pj;Jk; ,d;Nwy; gfpug;gl;l uq;fis jpl;lkpl;L kj;jpf;F hUtjw;fhfr; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. ifapy; ntspehl;L epjpAjtp d nghpa mgptpUj;jpf; pl;lq;fs; kPjhd mjpfhu iaAk; mtw;iwr; nraw;gLj;J hd Mw;wYk; khfhzq;fSf;F Yk; mtw;iwg; nghUl;gLj;jhJ murhq;fk; nghJtpy; mtw;iwr; ;gLj;Jtjw;Fk; epiwNtw;W khd nghWg;ig vLj;Jf; ; J. mJNghyNt etneFk> fk enfd`pu eNthja kw;Wk; rf; ntt; Nghd;w murpay; j;JtKs;s tpNrl epfo;r;rpj Sk; ,jd; murpay; ghpkhzk; tdpy; Fwpg;ghfj; Njrpa kl;l y;thjpfs; ,r;nray;
20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives
jpl;lq;fSf;fhd Gfiof; Nfhuyhnkd;gJ. thf;fhsh; njhlh;ghd murpay; gw;wpa rdehafj; jUf;fj;jpDs; ikag;gLj;jnyd;w murpay; fyhrhuj;ij ePbj;jpUf;fr; nra;tjpy; ,J xU Kf;fpakhd mk;rkhapUe;jJ.
,jd; njhlh;gpy; kw;nwhU Fwpg;gplj;jf;f fhuzp murpaw; fl;rpfspDs; fhzg;gLk; mikg; GhPjpahd fl;likg;Gk; fyhrhuKk;. ,it fLikahd jiyikj;Jt ikaj;ijAk; nry;thf;ifAk; MjuT mbg;giliaAk; nfhz;ld ntd;gJld;> fl;rpapDs; gaDWjp As;s rdehafk; xUGwkpUf;f> khfhzq;fspd; Clhd mjpfhug; gfph;Tf;fhd murpayikg;Gr; rl;lfj;ijg; gpujpgypf;fpd;wJk; Cf;Ftpf;fpd;wJkhd xU Kiwapyhd cs;sf mikg;gpy; mf;fiw aw;wdthfTk; ,Ue;jd. ngUk;ghYk; nghJtpy; khfhz kl;lk; murpay; Fwpf;NfhSf;fhd xU Ftpikakhf Nehf;fg;gLjiytpl> Njrpa murpaYf;fhd xU tsh;r;rpg; gbahfj;jhd; fhzg;gl;lJ. ,jd; tpisthf khfhz kl;lj;jpy; jho;T my;yJ Nghjhiknad;w czh;Ts;sJ. jpwik ikaj;ij Nehf;fp  murpayikg;gpd; ciu%yj;jpy; Vw;ghL nra;ag; gl;ljw;Fk; mt;Ntw;ghLfs; cz;ikapy; vt;thW nraw;gLj;jg; gLfpd;wdntd;gjw;Fk; ,ilapy; ntspg;gilahd Vw;wj;jho;Tld;> gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jj;jhy; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gl;l kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l mstpyhd (mj;Jld; fl;likg;Gf; FiwghLs;s) mjpfhug; gfph;itj; jd;Dk; nka;ahff; fhZjy; f~;lkhdjhAs;sJ.

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3.3 murpiw tUkhd 3.3 murpiw tUkhd 3.3 murpiw tUkhd 3.3 murpiw tUkhd 3.3 murpiw tUkhd epjpg; gpur;rpidfs;: epjpg; gpur;rpidfs;: epjpg; gpur;rpidfs;: epjpg; gpur;rpidfs;: epjpg; gpur;rpidfs;: fl;likg;Gf; Fiwg fl;likg;Gf; Fiwg fl;likg;Gf; Fiwg fl;likg;Gf; Fiwg fl;likg;Gf; Fiwg elKiw mDgtKk elKiw mDgtKk elKiw mDgtKk elKiw mDgtKk elKiw mDgtKk
khfhzf; fz;Nzhl;lj gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jj;Jf;fhd gpujhd fz;ld %yk; mjd; ,i tUkhd kw;Wk; epjpr; rl njhlh;ghdJ. mjpfhug; gfph;TfF toq;Ffpd;w ,f;Fwpg;gpl;l r fl;likg;GhPjpahfg; Nghjh mh;j;jKs;s khfhz Rah fUj;njjw;Fk; Vw;Gila ntd;gJk; vy;yh khfhzq;fs khwhj mDgtkhAs;sJ.
murpayikg;Gr; rl;lfk; kh rigfspd; tUthiaj; jp Mw;wiyf; fLikahff; f gLj;Jf;fpd;wJ. khfhzq;fS chpj;jhf;fg;gl;l kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl jpul;Lk; mjpfhuj;Jld; Nrh;e;jd tUthiar; Nrfhpg;gj fld;fisAk; KjyPl;i ngWtjpYk;> ntspehl;L cjtp KjyPl;lhYk; epjpaplg fUj;jpl;lq;fis ehLtjpYk; m Fiwe;jgl;rk; mtw;iw eph;tfpg;g tpjpf;fg;gl;lfl;Lg;ghLfs; cs khfhzq;fSf;Fj; Njit tUthiaj; jpul;Lk; mjpfhuq;f nrytpdg; nghWg;Gf;fis (mj khfhz epuypYs;s tplaq mtw;Wf;F chpj;jhf;Ftjd; cUthf;fg;gLk; fl;likg;Gr; r epiyf;Fj;jhd NtWgh epth;j;jpnra;tjw;fhd topfi KiwfisAk; murpayi NghjpasT Fwpj;Jiuf;ftpy khfhzq;fs; jkJ nryt nghWg;Gf;fisg; G+uzkhf Ntw;wf;$bajhf kj;jpahy; N tsq;fs; khfhzq;fSf;F fg;gLjiy cWjpg;gLj;Jtj gaDWjpAs;s Kiwikna ,Ue;jhy; kl;Lk;jhd; k khdpaq;fs; kPjhd rhh;Gepi
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 murpiw murpiw murpiw murpiw murpiw tUkhd tUkhd tUkhd tUkhd tUkhd kw;Wk; kw;Wk; kw;Wk; kw;Wk; kw;Wk; epjpg; epjpg; epjpg; epjpg; epjpg; gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: fl;likg;Gf; fl;likg;Gf; fl;likg;Gf; fl;likg;Gf; fl;likg;Gf; FiwghLfSk; FiwghLfSk; FiwghLfSk; FiwghLfSk; FiwghLfSk; elKiw elKiw elKiw elKiw elKiw mDgtKk; mDgtKk; mDgtKk;
mDgtKk; mDgtKk; zf; fz;Nzhl;lj;jpy; d;whtJ jpUj;jj;Jf;fhd xU fz;ld %yk; mjd; ,iwthp d kw;Wk; epjpr; rl;lfk; hdJ. mjpfhug; gfph;Tf;F epjp fpd;w ,f;Fwpg;gpl;l rl;lfk; kg;GhPjpahfg; NghjhjJk; Ks;s khfhz Rahl;rpf; jjw;Fk; Vw;Gilajy;y Jk; vy;yh khfhzq;fspdJk;
mDgtkhAs;sJ.
yikg;Gr; rl;lfk; khfhz spd; tUthiaj; jpul;Lk; yf; fLikahff; fl;Lg; f;fpd;wJ. khfhzq;fSf;F hf;fg;gl;l kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l thp ; mjpfhuj;Jld; Nrh;e;jdthf hiar; Nrfhpg;gjpYk;> fisAk; KjyPl;ilAk; pYk;> ntspehl;L cjtpahYk; Pl;lhYk; epjpaplg;gLk; pl;lq;fis ehLtjpYk; my;yJ ;jgl;rk; mtw;iw eph;tfpg;gjpYk; g;gl;lfl;Lg;ghLfs; cs;sd. q;fSf;Fj; Njitahd iaj; jpul;Lk; mjpfhuq;fspd;wp pdg; nghWg;Gf;fis (mjhtJ> epuypYs;s tplaq;fs;) f;F chpj;jhf;Ftjd; %yk; f;fg;gLk; fl;likg;Gr; rhh;e;j f;Fj;jhd NtWghl;il pnra;tjw;fhd topfisAk; fisAk; murpayikg;G sT Fwpj;Jiuf;ftpy;iy. q;fs; jkJ nrytpdg; ;Gf;fisg; G+uzkhf epiw ;$bajhf kj;jpahy; Nghjpa s; khfhzq;fSf;F toq; iy cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;Fg; jpAs;s Kiwiknahd;W hy; kl;Lk;jhd; kj;jpa q;fs; kPjhd rhh;Gepiyia
epahag;gLj;j KbAk;. ,t;thW xU NghJk; elg;gjhfj; Njhd;wtpy;iy vd;gJld; khfhzq;fs; Fwpg;gpl;l epjpahz;bDs; kPz;LtUQ; nry tpdq;fisj; jd;Dk; KOikahfr; re;jpf;f Kbahj xU epjp neUf;fbia vd;nwd;Wk; vjph;Nehf;Ffpd;wd. khfhzj;Jf;F ,d;wpaikahj tw;wpy; (Nrkpg;Gfs; kw;Wk; KjyPL cl;gl) epjp KbTfis vLg;gjw;F khfhzq;fSf;F kpff; Fiwthd mjpfhuq;fNs cs;sd. khfhzj;jpd; epjp mikr;rUf;F xj;jthuhf MSeiu Mf;Ffpd;wjhf> khfhz epjp njhlh;gpy; toikf;F khwhd gue;j mjpfhuq;fs; (rdhjpgjpapd; xU epakj;juhd) MSeUf;F chpj; jhf;fg;gl;Ls;sjd; %yk; ,e;epiyik NkYk; fLikahdjhf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
KiwghLs;sJk; eilKiwf; nfht;thjJkhd ,r;rl;lfj;ijr; Rw;wp Kiwrhuhtifapy; tpUj;jpaile;Js;s epUthf eilKiwfs; khfhz rigfspd; epjp eyepiwit NkYk; ntWikahf;Ftjw;Fk; mjd; %yk; mh;j;jKs;s mjpfhug;gfph;it kWg;gjw;Fk; gad;gl;Ls;sd. thp tpfpjj;jpd; khWghl;Lf;F (rpW thpfs; kPJ) khfhzq;fSf;F mDkjpf;fg;gl;l kl;Lg;gLj;jpa epajpr;rl;l mjpfhuk; kj;jpa jpiwNrhpahy; NkYk; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. epjp Mizf;FOtpd; ;tpjg;Giufs; ntWk; topfhl;ly;fNsad;wpf; fl;lis ahditay;yntd;w epiyg;ghl;ilj; jpiwNrhp epiykhwhJ vLj;Js;sjd; tpisthf mJ epjp Mizf;FOthy; khfhzq;fSf;F tpje;Jiuf;fg;gl;l epjpfis tplf; Fiwe;j epjpfisj;jhd; vg;NghJk; tpL tpf;fpd;wJ. NkYk; jpiwNrhp ,Wjpr; nrytopg;GfspypUe;J xU Fwpg;gpl;l rjtPjj;ij epjpr; Nritf;
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fl;lzkhfTk; gpbj;Jf;nfhs;f xJf;fg;gl;l epjpfs; tpLtpf;fg re;jh;g;gq;fs; cs;sdntd;g eLj;jtizapy; ,ilepWj;j re;jh;g;gKk; cs;sJ.
cs;@uhl;rp epWtdq;fSf;fhd Vw;ghL jhgpf;fg;gl;l epjp xOq;Ffspd; NtWghl;bd; epkpj Kiwaw;w tpjj;jpy; rpf;fyhfpA khfhzepuy; cs;@uhl;rp m rigfs; kPJ khfhz Nkw;ghh;it njspthf Vw;ghL nra;jNgh kj;jpapd; epjp epge;jidtpjp khfhzg; gq;iff; fPoW tpisitf; nfhz;bUe;jd thjplg;gl;lJ.
epjp Mizf;FO khfhzq;fspd Njitfspy; Nghjpa f nrYj;Jtjpy;iynad khfhzq;fSf;Fg; gpujpepjpj;J Mizf;FOit mZFtjw tha;g;Ngh ,y;iynad khfhzq;fspd; eyd;fSf;fhf k jpiwNrhpapd; fl;lisfs; kPJ m nry;thf;Fr; nrYj;j ,ayh njd;Wk;> nghJtpy; mJ khf fSf;fpilapyhd gue;j nghUs Vw;wj;jho;Tfspy; Nghjpa f nrYj;jtpy;iynad;Wk; nghJ
3.4 khfhz 3.4 khfhz 3.4 khfhz 3.4 khfhz 3.4 khfhz Ml;rpKiw: Ml;rpKiw: Ml;rpKiw: Ml;rpKiw: Ml;rpKiw: fl;likg;G fl;likg;G fl;likg;G fl;likg;G fl;likg;G kw;Wk; murpay; kw;Wk; murpay; kw;Wk; murpay; kw;Wk; murpay; kw;Wk; murpay; gpur;rpidfs; gpur;rpidfs; gpur;rpidfs; gpur;rpidfs; gpur;rpidfs; ,f;fye;jhuha;Tfs; gjpd;%d jpUj;jj;jhy; khfhzq;fSf;n jhgpf;fg;gl;l murpayi Vw;ghLfspDs; murpay; k
18 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

khfTk; gpbj;Jf;nfhs;fpd;wJ. g;gl;l epjpfs; tpLtpf;fg;glhj ;gq;fs; cs;sdntd;gJld; izapy; ,ilepWj;jg;gl;l ;gKk; cs;sJ.
uhl;rp epWtdq;fSf;fhd epjp jhgpf;fg;gl;l epjpaply; fspd; NtWghl;bd; epkpj;jKk; w;w tpjj;jpy; rpf;fyhfpAs;sJ. epuy; cs;@uhl;rp mjpfhu ; kPJ khfhz Nkw;ghh;itf;Fj; hf Vw;ghL nra;jNghjpYk; pd; epjp epge;jidtpjpg;Gfs; g; gq;iff; fPoWf;Fk; itf; nfhz;bUe;jdntd
;gl;lJ.
izf;FO khfhzq;fspd; epjpj; fspy; Nghjpa ftdk; j;Jtjpy;iynad;Wk;> q;fSf;Fg; gpujpepjpj;JtNkh f;FOit mZFtjw;fhd ;Ngh ,y;iynad;Wk;> q;fspd; eyd;fSf;fhf kj;jpa hpapd; fl;lisfs; kPJ mjdhy; hf;Fr; nrYj;j ,ayhJs;s k;> nghJtpy; mJ khfhzq; pilapyhd gue;j nghUshjhu ho;Tfspy; Nghjpa ftdQ; ;jtpy;iynad;Wk; nghJthf
czug;gl;lJ. epjp Mizf;FO khfhzg; gpujpepjpj; Jtj;ijf; nfhz;bUg;gjw;Fk;> mjd; tpjpg;Giufisr; nraw;gLj;Jtjw;Ff; $ba mjpfhuq;fisf; nfhz;bUg; gjw;Fk;> khfhzq;fSf; fpilapyhd gue;j nghUshjhu kw;Wk; mgptpUj;jp Vw;wj;jho;Tfspy; ( mjhtJ fpilahd NtWghLfs;) ftdQ; nrYj;Jtjw;fhd mjd; xg;ghdjhf;Fk; Mizia NkYk; rpwe;j Kiwapy; epiw Ntw;Wtjw;Fk; mJ kPsikf;fg;gl Ntz;Lnkdf; fUjg;gl;lJ.
Nghjhj my;yJ Nfhl;ghby;yhj epjp xOq;Ffspd; nry;yhpf;Fk; tpistpdhy; khfhz Nrit toq;fy; CWgLtJld; murpayikg;gpdhy; jhgpf;fg;gl;l rdehaf epWtdq;fspy; nghJkf;fspd; ek;gpf;if mspf;fg;gL tjw;Fk; toptFf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ,J vjph;nfhs;s Ntz;ba Kf;fpa rthyhapUe;jJ. gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jj;jpd; fPo; vz;zpg;ghh;f;fg;gl;l mjpfhug; gfph;itj; jtpu NkYk; VNjDk; Kd;nkhopag;glhJ tpl;lhYk;> ,e;j mjpfhug; gfph;Tj; jpl;lk; jd;Dk;> NkhrkhdJk; eilKiwf; nfht;thjJkhd epjp xOq;Ffspd; epkpj;jk; KOikahfj; Njhy;tpailAnkd;gJjhd; mjd; tpjp.
3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 khfhz khfhz khfhz khfhz khfhz Ml;rpKiw: Ml;rpKiw: Ml;rpKiw: Ml;rpKiw: Ml;rpKiw: fl;likg;G fl;likg;G fl;likg;G fl;likg;G fl;likg;G kw;Wk; kw;Wk; kw;Wk; kw;Wk; kw;Wk; murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay; murpay; gpur;rpidfs; gpur;rpidfs; gpur;rpidfs; gpur;rpidfs; gpur;rpidfs; e;jhuha;Tfs; gjpd;%d;whtJ j;jhy; khfhzq;fSf;nfdj; ;fg;gl;l murpayikg;G fspDs; murpay; kw;Wk;
epUthf eilKiwfs; kPJ fz;ldhPjpahd fUj;Jf; Ftpg;igAk; cUthf;fpd.
khfhz Ml;rpKiwapd; fl;likg;G mk;rq;fspy; epjpnjhlh;gpy; MSehpd; gq;F Fwpg;gplj;jf;f fUj;Jiuia cUthf;fpaJ ngUk;ghd;ikahd mgpg;gpuhak; ,t;tjpfhuq;fs; (rdhjpgjpapd; mwpTWj;jy; fSf;fpzq;fr; nraw;gLtjw;F 154C(1) Mk; cWg;Giuahy; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l rdhjpgjpapd; epakj;juhd) MSehplkpUe;J khfhz rigapd; njhpTnra;ag;gl;l
20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
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cWg;gpdnuhUtUf;F khw;wg;gLt rhjfkhdjhapUe;jJ. NkY fUj;J> murpay; kl;lj;jpy; k epUthfk; vt;thW Vi cWg;gpdh;fSf;F vt;tpj kpy;yhky; Kjyikr;rhpd mikr;rh;fs; rigapdJk; fuq nrwpe;Js;snjd;gJ njhlh;ghdJ. njhlh;gpy; 154(C)(1) cWg;Giuapy; mikr;rh;fs; ehd;F cWg;gpdh;fshf , Ntz;Lnkd;w tiuaiw Kiwa fl;Lg;gLj;Jfpd;wnjdf; f gl;lJld; VO cWg;gpdh;fs; nghUj;jkhd Xh; vz;zpf;ifn fUj;Jk; epytpaJ.
nghyp]; kw;Wk; rl;lKk; xO fhzp> fy;tp> murpiw tU nfhs;if vd;gtw;wpd; k mjpfhuq;fs; cl;gl> murpayi ciu %yj;jpy; khfhzq;fS gfpug;gl;l vy;yh mjpfhuq eilKiwapYk; gfpug;gl;ld ,Uf;f Ntz;Lnkd;w vz kpfg;gutyhapUe;jJ. ,t;t njhlh;gpy; rh;tfl;rpg; gpujpepjpfs jd;epiyahd murpayik rPh;jpUj;jj;Jf;fhd mjd; nkhopTfisj; jahhpf;Fk; mj;j fhyk;tiu mf;FOtpd; 2008 r 23Me; Njjpa ,ilf mwpf;iff;fpzq;fg; gjpd;%d jpUj;j k; KOikahfr; nraw;g gLnkd;w jw;Nghija murhq;f Fwpj;Jiuf;fg;gl;l nfhs;i mNdf gq;Nfw;ghsh;fs; Fwpg;gp m/jd;wpAk;> nghyp]; kPJk; kPJkhd mjpfhuq;fs; cWj fg;gl;l fpof;F khfhz ri Njh;jiyAk; jhgpj;jijAk; njh jhf;ftpisnthd;W Vw;gLnk mt;topapD}lhf Vida kh rigfSk; mt;tjpfhuq;f gpuNahfpg;gjw;F ,ayr;nr gLnkd;Wk; nghJthd ek;g fhzg;gl;lJ.
kw;nwhU gpur;rpid murh fSf;fpilapyhd njhlh;G elj;Jtjw;F Kiwg;gbahd (m nray;tpisTs;s Kiwr nghwpKiwfs; ,y;yhik. mj gfpug;gl;l Xh; murpay; Kiwi xj;jpirTf;Fk; xj;Jiog;G fye;jhNyhridf;Fkhd to KiwfSk; Njitg;gLfpd
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20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
pdnuhUtUf;F khw;wg;gLtjw;Fr; hdjhapUe;jJ. NkYnkhU > murpay; kl;lj;jpy; khfhz hfk; vt;thW Vida pdh;fSf;F vt;tpj gq;F hky; Kjyikr;rhpdJk; ;rh;fs; rigapdJk; fuq;fspy; s;snjd;gJ njhlh;ghdJ. ,jd; h;gpy; 154(C)(1) Mk; iuapy; mikr;rh;fs; rig cWg;gpdh;fshf ,Uf;f nkd;w tiuaiw Kiwapd;wpf; ;gLj;Jfpd;wnjdf; fUjg; d; VO cWg;gpdh;fs; $ba ;jkhd Xh; vz;zpf;ifnad;w k; epytpaJ.
; kw;Wk; rl;lKk; xOq;Fk;> fy;tp> murpiw tUkhdf; ;if vd;gtw;wpd; kPjhd q;fs; cl;gl> murpayikg;gpd; %yj;jpy; khfhzq;fSf;Fk; l;l vy;yh mjpfhuq;fSk; iwapYk; gfpug;gl;ldthf Ntz;Lnkd;w vz;zk; utyhapUe;jJ. ,t;tplak; py; rh;tfl;rpg; gpujpepjpfs; FO iyahd murpayikg;Gr; j;jj;Jf;fhd mjd; Kd; fisj; jahhpf;Fk; mj;jifa iu mf;FOtpd; 2008 rdthp ; Njjpa ,ilf;fhy ff;fpzq;fg; gjpd;%d;whtJ k; KOikahfr; nraw;g Lj;j g; ;w jw;Nghija murhq;fj;jpd; iuf;fg;gl;l nfhs;ifia gq;Nfw;ghsh;fs; Fwpg;gpl;ldh;. ;wpAk;> nghyp]; kPJk; fhzp mjpfhuq;fs; cWjpaspf; fpof;F khfhz rigapd; yAk; jhgpj;jijAk; njhlh;e;J pisnthd;W Vw;gLnkd;Wk; papD}lhf Vida khfhz Sk; mt;tjpfhuq;fisg; hfpg;gjw;F ,ayr;nra;ag; ;Wk; nghJthd ek;gpf;if ;gl;lJ.
hU gpur;rpid murhq;fq; fpilapyhd njhlh;Gfis jw;F Kiwg;gbahd (my;yJ ;tpisTs;s Kiwrhuhj) iwfs; ,y;yhik. mjpfhuk; l;l Xh; murpay; Kiwikf;F rTf;Fk; xj;Jiog;Gf;Fk; hNyhridf;Fkhd topfSk; Sk; Njitg;gLfpd;wd.
,jw;Fg; gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jk; Vw;ghLnra;atpy;iy. gy gbthpir Kiwiknahd;wpy; rPuhd epUthfj;Jf;F mj;jpahtrpakhd murhq;fq;fSf;fpilapyhd cj;jpNahfG+h;t kw;Wk; murpay; njhlh;GfSf;F ‘Kjyikr;rh;fspd; khehL’ Nghd;w jdpg;gl mike;j nghwpKiwfs; Nghjhjitnadf; fhzg;gl;ld. Fwpg;ghf> jPh;khdk; vLf;fpd;w kj;jpa muq;Ffspy; khfhz eyd;fisg; gpujpepjpj;Jtg; gLj;Jtjw;fhd Kiwfs; cUthf;fg;glNtz;Lnkdf; Fwpg;gplg;gl;lJ.
Muhag;gl;l njhpTfs; ghuhSkd;wj;jpd; ,uz;lhtJ mitnahd;wpy; njhlq;fp> kj;jpa mikr;ruitf;F Kjyikr;rhpd; tuT kw;Wk; jdpg;gltd;wp tpNrlkhf epjp tplaq;fspy; mjpfhhpfspd; khehLfis xOq;FKiwg; gLj;Jjy; tiuahd tPr;irf; nfhz;bUe;jd. ,tw;wpy; nghpJk; tpUk;gg;gl;l njhpT. XusTf;F mjw;F murpayikg;Gj; jpUj;jnkJTk; Njitg;glhnjd;w fhuzj;jpdhy;> mikr;ruitf;F Kjyikr;rh;fspd; tuthFk;. vt;thwhapDk; rpy Kjyikr;rh;fs; mt;thW tUk;gb> vdpDk; Xh; mtjhdpghsnud;w Nfhjhtpy;> Vw;fdNt miof;fg;gl;ldnud ntspg;gl;lJ. Mapd; mJ khfhz eyd;fisg; ghjpf;fpd;w KbTfis khw;Wfpd;w Nehf;fj;Jf;Fg; gad;gltpy;iy. epWtdq;fSf; fpilapyhd xj;jpirTk; fye;jh NyhridAk; gw;wpg; gue;j mstpy; fUjg;gl;l xU njhlh;Gila mf;fiw epjp Mizf;FOtpy; khfhzg; gpujpepjpj;JtKk; mjid mZF tjw;fhd tha;g;Gk;. khfhzq; fSf;Fk; epjp Mizf;FOTf;Fk; ,ilapy; Kiwg;gbahd xU njhlh;Gg; nghwp Kiw Mizf;FOtpd; gzpiaAk; tpjg;GiufisAk; Nkk;gLj;jf; $Lnkd;gJld; xJf;fPLfs; kPjhd kj;jpa jpiwNrwpapd; jw;Wzpigf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jtjw;Fk; gad;gLk;.
khfhz epjp epUthfk; kPs xOq;fikf;fg;gl Ntz;bajd; NjitAk; ,jd; njhlh;gpy; nfhs;ifj; jpl;lkplYf;Fk; tuT nryTj; jpl;lkplYf;Fk; ,ilapy; $ba nray;Kiw rhh;e;j gphptpidAk;
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Outreach
czug;gl;lJ. epjp mwpf;if KiwfSk; mt;thNw kPz;L kw;Wk; %yjdr; nryt fzf;Ffis xUq;fpizg ed;ikfSk; Muhag;gl;ld. njhlh;Gila fUj;J> ,J tplaq;fspy; $ba KbntL jd;Dhpikf;fhd tpUg;gj;J njhlh;GilaJ> murhq;fr; N toq;fypd; Gjpa tbtq;f jdpahh;Jiwapd; Fiwgad;ghl NkYk; ,uz;L nghJthd tpla Fwpg;gplj;jf;fit. xd;W> g gutpAs;s ikag;gLj;jnyd;w m fyhrhuj;jpypUe;J gpwe;jjhd> k rptpy; Nritahsh;fshYk; m thjpfshYk; Gydhy; fhz ‘fPh;j;jp’ ,d;ik. Fiwtpd;wp , fhl;rp mth;fspd; Njrpa rhpapizahdth;fshy; typAW gug;gTk;gl;lJ. VNjh xU ti khfhzq;fs; Njrpa epWtdq;fSf;F me;j];j juj;jpYk; fPo;g;gl;ldt fhzg;gl;lik kdTWjp njhl jd;dk;gpf;if njhlh;gpYk; rthy cUthf;fpaJ.
,J mjd; Nghf;fpy; kh epUthfj;jpd; Jbg;ghw;wiyAk; jpwikiaAk; ghjpj;jJld; kf;fspd; ghjfkhd Gyf;fhl;rpfS
ngUe;njhifahd Ml;fSf;F k gpur;rpid vOfpd;wJ. ,J xd tpjpg;G tbtq;fis mDkjpg;gj nfhz;L nra;ag;gLk; Nkyjpf 3.5 nrayhw;wy; gpur 3.5 nrayhw;wy; gpur 3.5 nrayhw;wy; gpur 3.5 nrayhw;wy; gpur 3.5 nrayhw;wy; gpur kdpj tsq;fSk; kdpj tsq;fSk; kdpj tsq;fSk; kdpj tsq;fSk; kdpj tsq;fSk; epUthfj; epUthfj; epUthfj; epUthfj; epUthfj; jpwd;fSk; jpwd;fSk; jpwd;fSk; jpwd;fSk; jpwd;fSk;
,yq;ifapy; nghJ epUthf my;yw;gLj;Jfpd;w ghpr;ra nrayhw;wy; gpur;rpidf mNdfkhdit khfhz kl;lj vjph;Nehf;fg;gLfpd;wd. M xUNtis> Njrpa kl;lj;ij
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;gl;lJ. epjp mwpf;ifapLk; Sk; mt;thNw kPz;LtUk; ; %yjdr; nrytpdf; Ffis xUq;fpizg;gjd; fSk; Muhag;gl;ld. xU ;Gila fUj;J> ,J epjp ;fspy; $ba KbntLf;Fk; hpikf;fhd tpUg;gj;JlDk; ;GilaJ> murhq;fr; Nrit ypd; Gjpa tbtq;fspy; h;Jiwapd; Fiwgad;ghlhFk;. ; ,uz;L nghJthd tplaq;fs; plj;jf;fit. xd;W> glh;e;J ;s ikag;gLj;jnyd;w murpay; uj;jpypUe;J gpwe;jjhd> khfhz Nritahsh;fshYk; murapy; shYk; Gydhy; fhzg;gLk; p’ ,d;ik. Fiwtpd;wp ,g;Gyf; mth;fspd; Njrpa kl;lr; zahdth;fshy; typAWj;jTk; k;gl;lJ. VNjh xU tifapy; zq;fs; Njrpa kl;l q;fSf;F me;j];jpYk; pYk; fPo;g;gl;ldthff; ;gl;lik kdTWjp njhlh;gpYk; ;gpf;if njhlh;gpYk; rthy;fis f;fpaJ.
mjd; Nghf;fpy; khfhz j;jpd; Jbg;ghw;wiyAk; nray; iaAk; ghjpj;jJld; nghJ ; ghjfkhd Gyf;fhl;rpfSf;Fk;
khfhz epWtdq;fspy; nghJ kf;fspd; ek;gpf;if mspf;fg;gLtjw;Fk; gq;fspj;jJ. fLg;Gld; $wg;gl;l neUf;fkhd njhlh;Gila kw;nwhU gpur;rpid khfhz tplaq;fspYk; Ml;rpKiwapYk; Clfq;fspd; mf;fiwapd;ik. nghJkf;fspd; mgpg;gpuhaj;ij cUthf;Ffpd;w xU tpkh;rdr; rhjdkhd Clfq;fs; ($ba rdehafkakhf;fYf;Fk; ,aYkhapd; Kuz;ghl;Lj;jPh;Tf;Fk; Mjhukhd) murhq;fj;jpd; xU Kf;fpa kl;lkhdjhf ,Uf;fpd;w xd;wpy; nghUj;jkhd ftdQ; nrYj;Jk; jdpj;Jtkhd xU nghWg;igf; nfhz;Ls;sdntd;Wk; Mdhy; Clfq;fs; mjd;tplaj;jpy; nghJthfg; guhKfkhditahfTk; ftiyaw;witahfTk; ,Ue;Js;sd ntd;Wk; fUjg;gl;lJ.
,Wjpahf> Nky;khfhzk; vjph;Nehf;fpa xU jdpj;Jtkhd gpur;rpid ‘ehshe;jk; te;JNghFk; xU rdj;njhif’ My; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;l rthy;fshFk;. ngUe; njhifahd Ml;fs; jiyefuj;jpy; Ntiyf;fhfTk; fy;tpf;fhfTk; NtW mYtYf;fhfTk; ehshe;jk; khfhzj;jpDs; te;JNghfpd;wdh;. Mdhy; mth;fs; khfhzj;Jf;F ntspNa trpg;gjdhy;> thp nrYj;jhjth;fshd my;yJ kj;jpahy; khfhzj;Jf;F tsq;fs; xJf;fg;gLk; NghJ fzf;fpy; nfhs;sg;glhjth;fshd
jhifahd Ml;fSf;F khfhz murhq;f Nritfis toq;f Ntz;ba d vOfpd;wJ. ,J xd;wpy;> jdpg;gl Nky; khfhzj;Jf;F tpNrl thp tbtq;fis mDkjpg;gjd; %yk; ,d;Nwy;> ,f;fhuzpiaf; ftdj;jpy; ;L nra;ag;gLk; Nkyjpf kj;jpa xJf;fPLfs; %yk; jPh;f;fg;glNtz;Lk;. 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 nrayhw;wy; nrayhw;wy; nrayhw;wy; nrayhw;wy; nrayhw;wy; gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: kdpj kdpj kdpj kdpj kdpj tsq;fSk; tsq;fSk; tsq;fSk; tsq;fSk; tsq;fSk; epUthfj; epUthfj; epUthfj; epUthfj; epUthfj; jpwd;fSk; jpwd;fSk; jpwd;fSk; jpwd;fSk; jpwd;fSk; fapy; nghJ epUthfj;ij w;gLj;Jfpd;w ghpr;rakhd hw;wy; gpur;rpidfspy; khdit khfhz kl;lj;jpYk; ehf;fg;gLfpd;wd. Mapd;> is> Njrpa kl;lj;ij tplf;
$ba $h;ikahf Fwpg;ghd kdpj tsg; gpur;rpidfs; Ml;Nrh;g;G> khw;Wg; gjtp mkh;j;jg;gl;l mYtyh;fs; kPjhd fl;Lg;ghL kw;Wk; rk;gsq;fs; njhlh;ghdit. nghUj;jkhd gzpahshpd; Ml;;Nrh;g;G gzpahsiu mkh;j;Jk; KbTfis vLg;gjw;fhd epjpr; Rahl;rp ,y;yhikapd; epkpj;jk; f~;lkhdjhf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. NkYk; jFjpAs;s gzpahsiuj; njhlh;e;J itj;jpUj;jy;> rk;gsq;fspd; nfhLg;gdtpy; jhkjq;fs; Nghd;w njhlh;e;J tUfpw gpur;rpidfspd;
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epkpj;jk; f~;lkhdjhAs;sJ. , ,isg;ghwpa mYtyh;fis x mbg;gilapy; jw;fhypfk Nrh;j;Jf;nfhs;sy; Nghd;w jd mike;j jPh;Tfs; mtrpakhf ,jd; tpisthf epWtd hPj nrayhw;wYk; njhopy epGzj;Jtj;ijAk; mDgtj;i cUthf;FjYk; ghjpf;fg;gLf tpNrl epGzj;JtKs;s mYt kj;jpahy; tplhJ itj;j fg;gLfpd;wdh;. khw;Wg; mkh;j;jg;gl;l mYty mwpf;ifapLtjw;Fk; mth;f Nkw;ghh;itf;Fk; xOf;fh fl;Lg;ghl;;Lf;Fkhd eil njhlh;e;Jk; kj;jpaplk; ,Ug;g mth;fs; vt;NtisapYk; kj;j jpUg;gpaiof;fTk;glyhk;. ng cl;fl;likg;gpYs;s e FiwghLfs; nray; epiwNtw;wj
Mw;wy; khfhz rigfSf;F mjpfhuj;Jiwapd; tpUg;gk; ,U jLf;fpd;wJ. 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 rl;lg; rl;lg; rl;lg; rl;lg; rl;lg; gpur;rpid gpur;rpid gpur;rpid gpur;rpid gpur;rpid rl;l rl;l rl;l rl;l rl;l Ml;rpapd; Ml;rpapd; Ml;rpapd; Ml;rpapd; Ml;rpapd; fPo; fPo; fPo; fPo; fPo; mjpfhug; mjpfhug; mjpfhug; mjpfhug; mjpfhug; gfph;Tgfph;Tgfph;Tgfph;Tgfph;T
ePjpj;Jiwjhd; murpayi Nghw;wpg; Ngzg;gLk; mjpfhug; g cj;juthjkspf;fg;gl;l k Rahl;rpapd; ,Wjp eLtu ghJfhg;ghsuhfTk; fhzg vdpDk; gjpd; %d;whtJ j rl;lkhf;fg;gl;ljd; gpd;duhd jrhg;jq;fspy; khfhz eyd;fSf;nfjpuhf khfhz Ra cWjpahf epiyehl;L Mff;$baJ xU fyg;ghd n fj;ijj;jhd; fhl;bAs;sJ. x ghh;f;Fkplj;J gjpd;%d jpUj;jj;jpd; Vw;ghLfS nghUs;nfhs;tjpy; cah;ePj kj;jpa murhq;fj;ijAk; m JiwiaAk; Nghd;W mN
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20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
; f~;lkhdjhAs;sJ. ,jdhy; ;ghwpa mYtyh;fis xg;ge;j ilapy; jw;fhypfkhfr; f;nfhs;sy; Nghd;w jdpg;gl ;j jPh;Tfs; mtrpakhfpd;wd. tpisthf epWtd hPjpahd hw;wYk; njhopy;El;g ;Jtj;ijAk; mDgtj;ijAk; f;FjYk; ghjpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. epGzj;JtKs;s mYtyh;fs; hy; tplhJ itj;jpUf; fpd;wdh;. khw;Wg;gjtp ;jg;gl;l mYtyh;fs; fapLtjw;Fk; mth;fspd; hh;itf;Fk; xOf;fhw;Wf; ;ghl;;Lf;Fkhd eilKiw ;e;Jk; kj;jpaplk; ,Ug;gJld; s; vt;NtisapYk; kj;jpahy; paiof;fTk;glyhk;. ngsjPf l;likg;gpYs;s ePbj;j hLfs; nray; epiwNtw;wj;ijf;
f~;lkhdjhf;FtJld; kl;Lkd;wp ntspg;gilahd kdpjtsg; ghjpg;Gf;fisAk; nfhz;Ls;sJ.
khfhzq;fSf;F vs;ssTk; Nghjpa Muha;r;rp kw;Wk; mgptpUj;jpr; nrayhw;wy; ,y;iynad;gJld; nfhs;if tFg;gjw;Fk; jpl;lkpLtjw;Fk; ,d;wpaikahj Gs;sptptu kw;Wk; juk;kpFe;j jfty;fis cUthf;Ftjw;Fk; NgZtjw;Fkhd Mw;wYkpy;iy. kw;WnkhU gpur;rpid murfUknkhopf;nfhs;ifiar; nraw;gLj;Jjy; njhlh;ghdJ. Xh; cah; kl;l ,d kw;Wk; nkhopg; gd;ikj;jd;ikiag; gz;ghff; nfhz;l khfhzq;fspy; jd;Dk;> jkf;F tpUg;gkhd murfUk nkhopapy; murhq;f epWtdq;fSld; mYty; elj;Jk; chpik xt;nthU gpuirf;Fk; cz;nld;w flg;ghl;il epiwNtw;Wk;
; khfhz rigfSf;F ,y;iy. mjidr; nra;tjw;fhd murpay; uj;Jiwapd; tpUg;gk; ,Uf;fpkplj;Jk; $l Mw;wypd;ik nraw;gLj;jiy d;wJ. 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 rl;lg; rl;lg; rl;lg; rl;lg; rl;lg; gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: gpur;rpidfs;: rl;l rl;l rl;l rl;l rl;l Ml;rpapd; Ml;rpapd; Ml;rpapd;
Ml;rpapd; Ml;rpapd; my;yJ ikag;gLj;jiyr; NkYk; rhh;e;Js;snjd;w $ba fPo; fPo; fPo; fPo; fPo; mjpfhug; mjpfhug; mjpfhug;
mjpfhug; mjpfhug; $ba fz;ldkhd fUj;njhd;Wk; ntspg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. ,jw;Fr; gfph;Tgfph;Tgfph;Tgfph;Tgfph;T
rhd;whd xU tof;Fj;jhd; 1979,d; 58Mk; ,yf;f fkeyr; Nritfs; rl;lj;Jf;fhd jpUj;j nkhd;Wf;F> mj;jpUj;jk; khfhz epuypYs;s
;Jiwjhd; murpayikg;gpy; pg; Ngzg;gLk; mjpfhug; gfph;thy; uthjkspf;fg;gl;l khfhz ;rpapd; ,Wjp eLtuhfTk; hg;ghsuhfTk; fhzg;gl;lJ. k; gjpd; %d;whtJ jpUj;jk; hf;fg;gl;ljd; gpd;duhd ,U ;jq;fspy; khfhz murpd; Sf;nfjpuhf khfhz Rahl;rpia jpahf epiyehl;Ltjpy; ;$baJ xU fyg;ghd nraY}f; jj;jhd; fhl;bAs;sJ. xg;gpl;Lg; ;Fkplj;J gjpd;%d;whtJ ;jj;jpd; Vw;ghLfSf;Fg;; s;nfhs;tjpy; cah;ePjpkd;wk; a murhq;fj;ijAk; mjpfhuj; iaAk; Nghd;W mNjasT
gfpug;gl;l tplankhd;iw kPWfpd;wnjd;w mbg;gilapy;> 1991 ,y; tpLf;fg;gl;l rthy; mj;jpUj;jk; xUq;fpia epuypYs;s Xh; ,dj;ijf; Fwpf;fpd;wnjd;gJ kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; thjkhapUe;jJ. vdpDk; cah; ePjpkd;wk; ,U thjq;fisAk; epuhfhpj;jJld; gjpyhf mj;jpUj;jk; cz;ikapy; xJf;fpa epuypYs;s xU tplaj;ijf; Fwpf;fpd;wnjdTk; nfhz;ljd; %yk; khfhz Rahl;rp njhlh;gpy; kj;jpa murhq;fj;ijtplf; $ba vjph;g;ghd xU kdg;ghd;ikiaf; iff;nfhs;sj; jahuhAs;snjd;Wk; tpsf;fpf; fhl;baJ. cah;ePjpkd;wk; mjpfhug; gfph;Tf; Nfhl;ghl;bd; kPJ Fiwe;j gl;rk; Nghjpa $Uzh;tw;w
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
jhapUe;Js;s mj;jifa re;jh;g;gq;fs; NkNy Muhag;gl;L khfhzr; rl;lthf;f mjpfhuj ,ilA+W tpistpj;Js;s kw eilKiw> khfhz rig epiwNtw;wg;gLk; rl;lq;fs; MS ,iritg; ngWtjw;F Kd;dh; r mjpguhy; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl Ntz (my;yJ rl;l kh mjpghpd; MNy mtrpankd) rpy MSeh;f tpUj;jp nra;ag;gl;L eilKiwahUk; ,J cWg;Gi V ,d; fPo; xU fz;bg;ghd Njitg;ghL my;y. NkYk ,iritj; jhkjg;gLj;Jtjw;fh topKiwahfg; gad;gLj;jg;gl;L
kl;Lk; ,Ug;gjdhy; rl;l nkh gpur;rpidahAs;sJ. ,r; #o;epi rl;lfk;jhNd re;Njfj;jpw;Fk; c
3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 khfhzr; khfhzr; khfhzr; khfhzr; khfhzr; rpWghd;ikfSk; rpWghd;ikfSk; rpWghd;ikfSk; rpWghd;ikfSk; rpWghd;ikfSk; nkhopf;nfhs;ifAk;: nkhopf;nfhs;ifAk;: nkhopf;nfhs;ifAk;: nkhopf;nfhs;ifAk;: nkhopf;nfhs;ifAk;: khfhzkhfhzkhfhzkhfhzkhfhz
r M
jPh;khdk; vLj;jypy; mth;fs; cl;gLj;Jk; Kiwfis c gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jr; rl;lf nrYj;jhjjdhy; ,J tpNrlkh nkhopf; nfhs;ifiar; nraw khfhzq;fspy; ,t;tplak; njh
3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 khfhz khfhz khfhz khfhz khfhz rptpy; rptpy; rptpy; rptpy; rptpy; rKjhak;: rKjhak;: rKjhak;: rKjhak;: rKjhak;: gq;Nfw;G> gq;Nfw;G> gq;Nfw;G> gq;Nfw;G> gq;Nfw;G> gjpw;nrayhw;wy; gjpw;nrayhw;wy; gjpw;nrayhw;wy; gjpw;nrayhw;wy; gjpw;nrayhw;wy; k t
22 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

nghJthfr; rl;lkh mjpghpd; mgpg;gpuhaq;fs; kj;jpf;Fr; rhjfkhd Nghf;Filait vd;gijAk; mDgtk; fhl;bAs;sJ. ,J khfhz rigfspd; rl;lkpaw;Wk; nray; KiwiaAk; rl;lthf;fj; jd;DhpikiaAk; fLikahff; fPoWj;Js;sJ.
cah;ePjp kd;wj;jpdJk; murpd; rpNu~;l rl;l mYtyhpdJk; nraY}f;fk; njhlh;ghd ,e;j mDgtk;> mjpfhug; gfph;Tf;F cj;juthj kspg;gth;fshf ,e;epWtdq;fs; kPjpUe;j khfhz ek;gpf;ifiaf; fpilg;gjhAs;s rl;lr; Nritfis Neha;tha;g;gLj;Jfpd;wd. toikahf xNunahU rl;l mYtyh;
,Ug;gjdhy; rl;l nkhopngah;g;G jpUk;gj;jpUk;gf; fhzg;gLk; xU dahAs;sJ. ,r; #o;epiyfspy; mjpfhug; gfph;Tf;fhd murpayikg;Gr; ;jhNd re;Njfj;jpw;Fk; cld;ghl;bd;ikf;Fk; ntspg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.
3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 khfhzr; khfhzr; khfhzr; khfhzr; khfhzr; rpWghd;ikfSk; rpWghd;ikfSk; rpWghd;ikfSk; rpWghd;ikfSk; rpWghd;ikfSk; nkhopf;nfhs;ifAk;: nkhopf;nfhs;ifAk;: nkhopf;nfhs;ifAk;: nkhopf;nfhs;ifAk;: nkhopf;nfhs;ifAk;: khfhzkhfhzkhfhzkhfhzkhfhz
rigfspd; rigfspd; rigfspd; rigfspd; rigfspd; gq;Fk; gq;Fk; gq;Fk; gq;Fk; gq;Fk; Mw;wYk; Mw;wYk; Mw;wYk; Mw;wYk; Mw;wYk; khfhz epWtdq;fspDs; ,dk;> rkak; my;yJ rhjpf; FOf;fisr; Nrh;e;j gpuhe;jpar; rpWghd;ikfspd; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; njhlh;gpYk; ftiyfs; vOg;gg;gl;ld. rpy rkaq;fspy; ,f;FOf;fSf;Fj; Njh;jy; njhFjpg; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; ,y;yhjjdhy;> khfhz kl;lj;
k; vLj;jypy; mth;fs; fUj;Jj; njhptpf;ff; $bajhf mth;fis j;Jk; Kiwfis cUthf;fNtz;baJ Kf;fpa khdjhfTk; d;whtJ jpUj;jr; rl;lfk; Fwpj;j Kiwapy; ,t;tplaj;jpy; ftdQ; ;jhjjdhy; ,J tpNrlkhf Kf;fpakhdJ. Kd;dh; Fwpg;gpl;lthW ,U ; nfhs;ifiar; nraw;gLj;Jtjw;fhd Mw;wy; ,y;yhik mNdf q;fspy; ,t;tplak; njhlh;gpy; Fwpg;gpl;l Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ngWfpd;wJ.
3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 khfhz khfhz khfhz khfhz khfhz rptpy; rptpy; rptpy; rptpy; rptpy; rKjhak;: rKjhak;: rKjhak;: rKjhak;: rKjhak;: gq;Nfw;G> gq;Nfw;G> gq;Nfw;G> gq;Nfw;G> gq;Nfw;G> gjpw;nrayhw;wy; gjpw;nrayhw;wy; gjpw;nrayhw;wy; gjpw;nrayhw;wy; gjpw;nrayhw;wy; kw;Wk;kw;Wk;kw;Wk;kw;Wk;kw;Wk;
tifg;nghWg;G tifg;nghWg;G tifg;nghWg;G tifg;nghWg;G tifg;nghWg;G $ba mjpfhug; gfph;itg; ghjpf;fpd;w xU gue;j murpay; fhuzpjhd; khfhz kl;lj;jpy; Jbg;ghd xU rptpy; rKjhak; ,y;yhik. jPh;khdk; vLj;jiy cs;@h;kag; gLj;Jjy;> mfg;gLj;jpa gpuirfspd; gq;Nfw;ig Cf;Ftpj;jy;> murhq;f e p W t d q ; f s p d ; xspTkiwtpd;ikiaAk; tifg; nghWg;igAk; gjpw;nrayhw;wiyAk; cWjpg;gLj;Jjy; Mfpatw;iw
20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
e;Js;s mj;jifa NtW q;fs; NkNy Muhag;gl;Ls;sd. r; rl;lthf;f mjpfhuj;Jf;F +W tpistpj;Js;s kw;nwhU iw> khfhz rigahy; w;wg;gLk; rl;lq;fs; MSehpd; tg; ngWtjw;F Kd;dh; rl;lkh y; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lnkd rl;l kh mjpghpd; MNyhrid nkd) rpy MSeh;fshy; ;jp nra;ag;gl;Ls;s iwahUk; ,J cWg;Giu 154 ; fPo; xU fz;bg;ghd rl;lj; g;ghL my;y. NkYk; ,J tj; jhkjg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd xU wahfg; gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.
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Outreach
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
,Wjp ,Wjp ,Wjp ,Wjp ,Wjp Nahridf Nahridf Nahridf Nahridf Nahridf 13 MtJ murpay; ahg;Gj jpUj;jk; rku;g;gpf;fg;gl;l tpjk; Fwpj;J ru;r;irfs; ,Ue;J te;j NghjpYk;> khfhz rigfs; cUthf;fg;gl;ljd; Nehf;fk ,dg; gpur;rpidf;F xU jPu;it Kd;itg;gJk;> gpuN mgptpUj;jpf;nfd khfhzq;fspy; mjpfhuf; fl;likg;Gf;fis cUthf;FtJkhFk;.
,e;j Nehf;fq;fs; ,uz;Lk vjpu;ghu;j;j mstpy; epiwNtwhJ NghdJ Vd;? ,J njhlu;ghf khfhz ri kf;fs; gpuepjpfs; kw;Wk; mjpfhupfs; MfpNahupd; fUj;Jf;fisf; Nfl;l Ngh vkf;Fj; njupa te;j xU tplak;> midj;J khfhz rigfSk; vjpu;nfhs;Sk; nghJthd gpur;rpidfSk;> mNj Nghy xt;nthU khfhzKk; vjpu;nfhs;Sk; mjw;Nf cupa jdpj;Jtkh gpur;rpidfSk; ,Ue;J tUfpd;wd vd;gjhFk;.
khw;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyaj;jpdhy; miof;fg;gl;bUe;j fy;tpkhd;fs;> khfhz ri cWg;gpdu;fs; kw;Wk; mjpfhupfs; MfpNahUld;
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
,Wjp ,Wjp ,Wjp ,Wjp ,Wjp Nahridfs; Nahridfs; Nahridfs; Nahridfs; Nahridfs; MtJ murpay; ahg;Gj;
khfhz rig tplaq;fs; j;jk; rku;g;gpf;fg;gl;l
njhlu;ghf k; Fwpj;J ru;r;irfs;
fye;Jiuahly;fis e;J te;j NghjpYk;>
Nkw;nfhz;l NghjpYk;> hz rigfs;
mtu;fSila fUj;Jf;fs; thf;fg;gl;ljd; Nehf;fk;
vitAk; ,q;F g; gpur;rpidf;F xU
Kd;itf;fg;gltpy;iy. t Kd;itg;gJk;> gpuNjr
khfhz rigfs; ptpUj;jpf;nfd
vjpu;nfhz;L tUk; rthy;fs;> hzq;fspy; mjpfhuf;
mtw;wpd; rhjidfs; kw;Wk; ikg;Gf;fis
mtw;Wf;fhd khw;W thf;FtJkhFk;.
Nahridfs; vd;gtw;iw cUthf;FtJ njhlu;ghf ;j Nehf;fq;fs; ,uz;Lk;
elj;jg;gl;l %d;W ehs; u;ghu;j;j mstpy;
nrayku;tpy; gq;Nfw;w wNtwhJ NghdJ Vd;?
khfhz rig njhlu;ghf khfhz rig
cWg;gpdu;fspypUe;J s; gpuepjpfs; kw;Wk;
midj;J khfhzq;fisAk; pfhupfs; MfpNahupd;
gpujpepjpj;Jtk; nra;Ak; j;Jf;fisf; Nfl;l NghJ
tifapy; mikf;fg;gl;l ;Fj; njupa te;j xU
Ie;J cWg;gpdu; FOtpdhy; ak;> midj;J khfhz
cUthf;fg;gl;l ,Wjp gfSk; vjpu;nfhs;Sk;
Nahridfs; ,q;F Jthd gpur;rpidfSk;>
Kd;itf;fg;gLfpd;wd. ,e;j j Nghy xt;nthU
Nahridfs;> 20 tUl hzKk; vjpu;nfhs;Sk;
tuyhw;iwf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; w;Nf cupa jdpj;Jtkhd
khfhz rigfis ;rpidfSk; ,Ue;J
KOikahd mjpfhuq;fisf; fpd;wd vd;gjhFk;.
nfhz;l mikg;Gf;fshf Kd;ndLj;Jr; nry;tjpy; ;Wf; nfhs;iffSf;fhd
jtpu;f;f Kbahj tpjj;jpy; yaj;jpdhy;
ehq;fs; vjpu;nfhs;s of;fg;gl;bUe;j
Ntz;bapUf;Fk; ;tpkhd;fs;> khfhz rig
ajhu;j;jj;ijNa g;gpdu;fs; kw;Wk;
gpujpgypj;Jf; fhl;Lfpd;wd. pfhupfs; MfpNahUld;
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20 tUl khfhz rig mDgtq;f
13tJ murpay; ahg;gpd; fPo; toq;fg; gl;l mjpfhuq;fs; mKy;gLj;jg;glhik.
1. xUq;fpia epuy;
2. ,ul;il Kiw nraw;ghL
3. epajpr; rl;lq;fis jahhpf;Fk; NghJ rl;lkh mjpghpd; ghpe;Jiufs; Njitg;gLjy;.
4. khfhz rigapy; - gjtpfs; gw;wp ahg;G hPjpahd ,zf;fg;ghnlhd;W ,y;yhjpUj;jy;.
(cjhuzk; : vjph;fl;rp jiyth;> gpujpj; jiyth;> vjph;fl;rp jiyth;)
4. m. khfhz rig jiyth; gjtp kw;Wk; gpujpj; jiyth; gjtpfs; ,uz;Lk;.
Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ahg;G ahg;G ahg;G ahg;G ahg;G hPjpahd hPjpahd hPjpahd hPjpahd hPjpahd gpur;rpidfs; gpur;rpidfs; gpur;rpidfs;
gpur;rpidfs; gpur;rpidfs; gpur;rpidfs; khw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPL
mt; mjpfhuj;ij kPz;Lk; ng nfhLj;jy;.
murpay; ahg;G rPh;jpUj;jk; nra;a tiu Ghpe;J zh;T xg;g e;j k; xd %yk; cWjpahf mjpfhu gfph;e;J nfhs;sy;.
khfhz rig tplaq;fSf;F k murpdhy; Vw;gLj;jpA mikr;Rfis ,uj;Jr; n Ntz;Lk;.
rl;lhPjpahf Kjyikr;rh;fis m rh;it rigapy; cWg;gpdh;f epakpj;jy;.
khfhz rl;lj; jpizf;fsk; x mikj;jy;.
13tJ murpay; ahg;G rPh;jpUj;j xUq;fia epuypYs;s tpla gw;wpa KO mjpfhuq;fi xg;gilj;jy; cl;gl khfhzj chpa mikr;rh;fs; kw cj;jpNahfj; jh;fis epak nfhs;sy;.
chpa khfhz rig rl;l jpUj;j %yk; mjw;Fhpa gjtpfs; ahg;g gLj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
mg;gjtpf;F gjpyhf khfhz ri rghehafh; kw;Wk; khfhz rig rghehafh; vd;W ahg;gpw;Fl;gL
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hfhz Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
rig mDgtq;fSldhd
idfs; idfs; idfs; idfs; idfs; khw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPL nra;a nra;a nra;a nra;a nra;a Ntz;bath;fs; Ntz;bath;fs; Ntz;bath;fs; Ntz;bath;fs; Ntz;bath;fs; jpfhuj;ij kPz;Lk; ngw;Wf; ;jy;.
y; ahg;G rPh;jpUj;jk; nra;ag;gLk; Ghpe;J zh;T xg;g e;j k; xd;w pd; ; cWjpahf mjpfhuj;ij nfhs;sy;.
rig tplaq;fSf;F kj;jpa dhy; Vw;gLj;jpAs;s r;Rfis ,uj;Jr; nra;a ;Lk;.
pahf Kjyikr;rh;fis mikr; rigapy; cWg;gpdh;fshf ;jy;.
rl;lj; jpizf;fsk; xd;iw ;jy;.
murpay; ahg;G rPh;jpUj;jj;jpy; ia epuypYs;s tplaq;fs; KO mjpfhuq;fisAk; lj;jy; cl;gl khfhzj;jpw;F mikr;rh;fs; kw;Wk; Nahfj; jh;fis epakpj;Jf; ;sy;.
khfhz rig rl;l jpUj;jj;jpd; mjw;Fhpa gjtpfs; ahg;gpw;Fl; y; Ntz;Lk;.
tpf;F gjpyhf khfhz rigapd; fh; kw;Wk; khfhz rig gpujpj; afh; vd;W ahg;gpw;Fl;gLj;jy;.
kj;jpa murhq;fk;
kj;jpa murhq;fk; kw;Wk; khfhz rig
kj;jpa murhq;fk; kw;Wk; midj;J mikr;Rf;fSk;
kj;jpa murhq;fk;
kj;jpa murhq;fk;
kj;jpa murhq;fk;
kj;jpa murhq;fk; kw;Wk; khfhz rig
20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Vw;Wf; nfhz;l fl;likg;nghd fPo; me;je;j khfhzq;fS Njitahd fhhpa cj;jpNahfj;jh;fis ,q;fz;L Copah; vz;zpf; ifia khfhz Nritfs; Mizf;FOtpd; ,izj;Jf; nfhs;sy;.
khfhz Kfhikj;Jt N gzpg;ghsh; xUthpd; fPo; nf tUjy;. ehL jYtpa Nr cj;jpNahfj;jh;fspd; ,lkh kw;Wk; khfhzj;jpw;Fy ,lkhw;wk; nra;Ak; mjpfhu xg;gilj;jy;.
kPz;Lk; khfhz rigfS xg;gilj;jy;.
khfhz rigfSf;F chpa tpla gw;w p kj;j pa murhq;f k; Neub jiyaplhky; ,Uj;jy; Ntz mNj Nghd;W ntt;N epWtdq;fSf;F mJNgh mjpfhuk; ,Uf;ff; $lhJ.
khfhz rig gjtpfSf; midj;J kj;jpa mikr;Rf;fs; k jpizf;fsq;fis epuhfhpj;J m laq;fis khfhz rigfspD epiwNtw;wp nfhs;sy;.
eph;thfk; eph;thfk; eph;thfk; eph;thfk; eph;thfk;
gpur;rpidfs; khw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPL
1. khfhz mur Nritapy; gjtpfis mDkjpj;jy; kw;Wk; ,izj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhf kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; mDkjpia ngw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;bapUj;jy;.
2. gpuNjr eph;thfk; (gpuNjr nrayhsh; fhhpahyak;) khfhz rigapypUe;J mfw;Wjy;.
3. khfhz rig tplaq;fs; njhlh;ghf khfhz rigapd; mDkjp my;yJ ,zf;fg;ghbd;wp 'Njrpa nfhs;if" Rw;W epUgk; ntspapLjy;.
4. khfhz rigfSf;F xg; gilj;Js;s tplaq;fs; kj;jpa mikr;Rfs; kw;Wk; jpizf; fsq;fs; ClhfTk; epiuNtw;Wjy; kw;Wk; mtw;Wf;fhd kj;jpa mikr;Rf;fs; kw;Wk; jpizf; fsq;fs; epWtpAs;sik.
cjhuzk; : r%f Nrit tplaq;fs;> rpWth; ghJfhg;G tplaq;fs;> $l;LuT njhlh;ghd tplaq;fs;> rpW ifj;njhopy; tplaq;fs; kw;Wk; Njrpa ghlrhiyfs; vd;W NtWgLj;jy;.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
khw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPL nra;a nra;a nra;a nra;a nra;a Ntz;bath;fs; Ntz;bath;fs; Ntz;bath;fs; Ntz;bath;fs; Ntz;bath;fs; ; nfhz;l fl;likg;nghd;wpd; me;je;j khfhzq;fSf;F tahd fhhpahya ahfj;jh;fis ,q;fz;L chpa h; vz;zpf; ifia khfhz mur fs; Mizf;FOtpd; %yk; j;Jf; nfhs;sy;.
z Kfhikj;Jt Nrit hsh; xUthpd; fPo; nfhz;L ;.
jYtpa Nrit pNahfj;jh;fspd; ,lkhw;wk; k; khfhzj;jpw;Fy;yhd w;wk; nra;Ak; mjpfhuj;ij lj;jy;.
k; khfhz rigfSf;F lj;jy;.
rigfSf;F chpa tplaq;fs; kj;j pa murhq;f k; Neubahf plhky; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk; Nghd;W ntt;NtW dq;fSf;F mJNghd;W uk; ,Uf;ff; $lhJ.
z rig gjtpfSf;Fhpa j;J kj;jpa mikr;Rf;fs; kw;Wk; f;fsq;fis epuhfhpj;J mt;tp is khfhz rigfspD}lhf tw;wp nfhs;sy;.
kj;jpa murhq;fk; kw;Wk; mikr;Rf;fs;
kj;jpa murhq;fk; kw;Wk; mur eph;thf mikr;R cl;gl midj;J mikr;Rf;fSk; jpizf;fsq;fSk;. kj;jpa murhq;fk; kw;Wk; midj;J mikr;Rf;fs;.
kj;jpa murhq;fk;
kj;jpa murhq;fk;
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epjp epjp epjp epjp epjp gpur;rpidfs; gpur;rpidfs; gpur;rpidfs;
gpur;rpidfs; gpur;rpidfs; gpur;rpidfs; khw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPL
1. nghUs; kw;Wk; Nritfs; toq;Fjy; njhlh;ghf VNjDk; mjpfhuk; kw;Wk; nghWg;Gfs; khfhz rigfSf;F nfhLj;jpUe; jhYk; nryT nra;Ak; jpwik ,y;yhjpUj;jy;.
2. epjp Mizf;FO khfhz rig fSf;F fpilf;f Ntz;ba tUl epjpia jpiuNrhpf;F ghpe;Jiu nra;tjw;F kl;Lk;.
3. khfhz rigfSf;Fhpa tplaq;fs; njhlh;ghf kj;jpa mikr;Rf;fs; my;yJ jpizf;fsq;fSf;F epjp xJf;Fjy;.
cjhuzk; : r%f Nritfs;> kw;Wk; rpWth; ghJfhg;G Nritfs;> tptrhak; kw;Wk; tPjp)
4. khfhz rigfSf;F xJf;fg;gLk; epjp jpiuNrhpapdhy; ,il ,ilNa epuhfhpj;jy;.
(cjhuzk; : 2007 Mz;by; 65% tPjk; khfhz rigfspdhy; Fiwf;fg;gl;bUe;jNjhL kj;jpa muRf;fspdhy; 20% kl;LNk Fiwf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ)
5. thp mwtpLk; nghOJ khfhz
rigfSf;F tiuaiwapl;bUj;jy;.
6. ntspehl;L epjp Neubahf khfhz rigfSf;F fpilf;fhik kw;Wk; kj;jpa mikr;R nraw;jpl;l fhhpahyaq;fs; elhj;jp mr; nraw;jpl;lq;fis epWtfpj;jy;.
thp mutpLjy; kw;Wk; tUk  jpizf kw;Wk; khfhz rigfSf;fhf V nfhz;l ghpe;Jiufspd; mbg;gi epjp xJf;fPL nra;a KbAk;. Nghd;W khfhz rigfs; epjpj;Jtj;Jld; Njrpa epjp Mi FO xd;w pd; ghpe;J iuapy; k jpiuNrhpapd; %yk; epjp xJf kw;Wk; mjw;F mg;ghy; xJf;fg;glhik.
khfhz rig tplaq;fSf;fSf epjp xJf;Fjy; kj;jpa murhq;f fPo; vt; mikr;Rf;F my jpizf;fsk; xd;wpw;F to glhjpUj;jy;.
murpw;F %yk; nfhLf;f Ntz;b gpur;rpidfspd; NghJ kj murhq;fj;jpd; mikr;Rf;fs; k jpizf;f spy; Fiwf;F k; xJ fSf;F rkdhd msT kl;Lk; kh rigfspYk; Fiwj;jy;.
khfhz rigfSf;F mt;tjpfhu KOikahf xg;gilj;jy;.
ntspehl;L tsq;fs; jpi fsq;fspd; fl;likg;Gf;fspd (mg;gbahdhy;> Njrpa ghJ kw;Wk; murpay; tho;t mr;RWj;jy; Vw;glhj tpjj fpilf;Fk; ntspe nraw;jpl;lq;fis khfhz ri gpujk nrayhshpd; mjpfhuj;Jld; nraw;gLj;jy;.
26 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

utpLjy; kw;Wk; tUkhdk; ; re;jh;g;gj;ij Vw;gLj;Jjy; ; NtW tpjj;jpy; gzk;  jpizf;fsk; ; khfhz rigfSf;fhf Vw;Wf; ;l ghpe;Jiufspd; mbg;gilapy; Jf;fPL nra;a KbAk;. mNj ;W khfhz rigfs; gpujp tj;Jld; Njrpa epjp Mizf; xd;w pd; ghpe;J iuapy; kl;L k; rhpapd; %yk; epjp xJf;F jy; ; mjw;F mg;ghy; epjp g;glhik.
rig tplaq;fSf;fSf;Fhpa Jf;Fjy; kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; vt; mikr;Rf;F my;yJ f;fsk; xd;wpw;F toq;fg; j;jy;.
;F %yk; nfhLf;f Ntz;b epjp pidfspd; NghJ kj;jpa ;fj;jpd; mikr;Rf;fs; kw;Wk; f;f spy; Fiwf;F k; xJf;f PL rkdhd msT kl;Lk; khfhz spYk; Fiwj;jy;.
rigfSf;F mt;tjpfhuj;ij kahf xg;gilj;jy;.
pehl;L tsq;fs; jpizf; spd; fl;likg;Gf;fspd; fPo; bahdhy;> Njrpa ghJfhg;G k; murpay; tho;tpw;F j;jy; Vw;glhj tpjj;jpy;) f;Fk; ntspehl;L ;jpl;lq;fis khfhz rigapd; nrayhshpd; KO uj;Jld; nraw;gLj;jy;.
20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives
khw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPLkhw;wPL nra;a Ntz;bath;fs; nra;a Ntz;bath;fs; nra;a Ntz;bath;fs; nra;a Ntz;bath;fs; nra;a Ntz;bath;fs;
kj;jpa murhq;fk; kw;Wk; jpiuNrhp
jpiuNrhp
jpiuNrhp
kj;jpa murhq;fk;
kj;jpa murhq;fk; kw;Wk; chpa mikr;Rf;fs;> jpizf;fsq;fs;

Page 27
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
khfhz rigfspd jw;WzpG mjpfhuk
tuyhw;Wg; Gfo;kpf;f Nfhl;i Afj;jpd; NghJ 'jdpa ty;y vd;w kd;d d; khjk;N g gpuNjrj;jpy; Ml;rp nra;jhd jdJ gpuNjrj;jpw;F jdpj;Jtkhd ngsjp tsq;fis ,dq;fz;L kdpj kw;Wk; capupd tsq;fis Nkk;gLj;jpajd; %yk; mk;kd;dd; jdpa ty;yg nja;tk; vdg; G+[pf;fg;gl;lh
,d;W me;j kd;dd; khjk;gh Njthyaj;jpy; nja;tkhfg; G+[pf;fg;gl;L tUfpwhd;. mjpfhug; gutyhf;fy; my;y mjpfhug; gq;fPL njhlu;ghf mj;jifa vjpu;fhy ngUikiaf; nfhz;bUf;Fk ,yq;if kd;duhl;rp Kiwi iftpl;L [dehaf Ml;rp Kiwia Vw;W ,uz;L E}w;whz;Lfspd; gpd;du; 198 ,y; xU khw;wj;ij vjpu;nfhz;lJ. ,uj;jf;fsu ClhfNtDk; cUthf;fg;gl khfhz rig Kiwapd; gpd ,uz;L jrhg;jq;fs; fle;J nrd;wpUe;j NghjpYk; mJ ,d;W 'toq;fg;gl;l mjpfhuj;ij jpUg;gp vLj;J nfhs;Sk;" rpf;fiy my;yJ 'mjpfhuq;fs; rupahf toq;fg;glhj" rpf;fiy vjpu;nfhz;Ls;sJ.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
khfhz rigfspd; jw;WzpG mjpfhuk;
hw;Wg; Gfo;kpf;f Nfhl;il
mjpfhug; gfpu;tpd; ;jpd; NghJ 'jdpa ty;yg'
gq;Fjhuu;fshf ,y;yhj jkpo; kd;d d; khjk;N g
kf;fs; thOk; gpuNjrj;jpy; rj;jpy; Ml;rp nra;jhd;.
Njhd;wpa fytuj;ij ,Uk;Gf; gpuNjrj;jpw;F
fuk; nfhz;L mlf;Ftjw;F ;Jtkhd ngsjp
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l Kaw;rpfspd; ;fis ,dq;fz;L kdpj
tpisthf Rkhu; 70>000 ,w;Fk; k; capupd tsq;fis
Nkw;gl;l jkpo; kw;Wk; rpq;fs Lj;jpajd; %yk;
Fbkf;fs; d;dd; jdpa ty;yg
nfhy;yg;gl;bUg;gJld; 12 ;tk; vdg; G+[pf;fg;gl;lhu;.
,yl;rk; kf;fs; ,lk;ngau;e;J cs;sdu;. vdNt> ve;jnthU me;j kd;dd; khjk;gh
,dj;Jf;Fk; jdJ nkhop hyaj;jpy; nja;tkhfg;
kw;Wk; fyhrhu milahsj;ijg; ;fg;gl;L tUfpwhd;.
ghJfhj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;Fk; hug; gutyhf;fy; my;yJ
nghUshjhu Kd;Ndw;wj;ij hug; gq;fPL njhlu;ghf
rhjpj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;Fk; ifa vjpu;fhy
tha;g;gpid toq;Fk; mjpfhug; kiaf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;
gfpu;Tf;F vjpuhd ,uj;jk; ;if kd;duhl;rp Kiwiaf;
rpe;Jk; vjpu;g;Gf;fs; ,dpNkYk; pl;L [dehaf Ml;rp
vLglg; Nghtjpy;iy. ia Vw;W ,uz;L hz;Lfspd; gpd;du; 1987
,e;jpa - ,yq;if xg;ge;jj;jpd; xU khw;wj;ij
gpufhuk; 13 MtJ murpay; fhz;lJ. ,uj;jf;fsupf;F
ahg;Gj; jpUj;jj;jpd; fPo; fNtDk; cUthf;fg;gl;l
cUthf;fg;gl;l khfhz rig z rig Kiwapd; gpd;du;
Xu; mq;ftPdkhd Foe;ijahf ;L jrhg;jq;fs; fle;J
,Ue;J te;j epiyapy; ;wpUe;j NghjpYk; mJ
ru;tfl;rp khehL Xu; ,ilf;fhy 'toq;fg;gl;l
Nahridiar; rku;g;gpj;jJ. 13 huj;ij jpUg;gp vLj;Jf;
MtJ jpUj;jj;jpd; %yk; ;Sk;" rpf;fiy my;yJ
toq;fg;gl;l mjpfhuq;fs; fhuq;fs; rupahf
KOikahf khfhz ;fg;glhj" rpf;fiy
rigfSf;F toq;fg;gLjy; fhz;Ls;sJ.
Ntz;Lk; vd;w me;j
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Nahridf;F [dhjpgjp k` uh[gf; mtu;fSk;> mNj Nghy khfhz rigia cUthf;Ftjw;Fg; gq;fspg;G nra;j If;fpa Njrpaf; fl;r cs;spl;l gy fl;rpapdUk; Mk; Mz;by; jkJ mDkj toq;fpapUe;jd. mJ njhlu;ghd jPtpukhd r%f mf;fiw epytp te;j xU NtisapNyNa fpof;F khf Njlu;jy; ,lk;ngw;wJ.
khfhz rigfspd; Kjyikr;ru;fs; cs;spl;l kf;fs; cWg;gpdu;fs; kw;Wk mjpfhupfs; Kd;dpiyapy; nrd;W khfhz rigfspd; ,uz;L jrhg;j fhy mDgtq;fs; gw;wp fUj;Jg; gupkhw;wj;jpy;  mNj
khfhz rigia hf;Ftjw;Fg; gq;fspg;Gr; If;fpa Njrpaf; fl;rp pl;l gy fl;rpapdUk; 2007 Mz;by; jkJ mDkjpia ;fpapUe;jd. mJ u;ghd jPtpukhd r%f iw epytp te;j xU sapNyNa fpof;F khfhz ;jy; ,lk;ngw;wJ.
z rigfspd; ikr;ru;fs; cs;spl;l
; cWg;gpdu;fs; kw;Wk; hupfs; Kd;dpiyapy; ;W khfhz rigfspd;
;L jrhg;j fhy tq;fs; gw;wp fUj;Jg; w;wj;jpy;  mit vjpu;Nehf;fpAs;s rthy;fs;> ed;ikfs;> khw;W Kd;nkhopTfs; kw;Wk; nghWg;Gf;fs; gw;wpa xU njspthd cUtj;ij milahsk; fhz KbAk;. ,q;F me;je;j khfhz rigfs; Kd;itj;j fUj;Jf;fspd; RUf;fk; jug;gLfpwJ:
ahg;G uPjpahd mjpfhuq;fs; gw;wp njupahj fhuzj;jhy; Vw;gl;bUf;Fk; neUf;fbAk; ,q;F Fwpj;Jf; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ. cs;@uhl;rpapy; kpf Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ngWk; epWtdq;fs; kw;Wk; $l;Lj;jhgdq;fspd; epUthfg; nghWg;ig mt;tg;NghJ kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; fPo; vLj;jik> epjp mjpfhuj;ij kj;jpa murhq;fk; jd;tak; Ftpj;Jf; nfhs;fpd;wik> khfhzq;fspd; ngsjpf kw;Wk; ngsjpf uPjpaw;w milahsq;fis kjpf;fhik> kj;jpa kakhf;fy; kdg;ghq;Ffspd; mbg;gilapy; gpuNjr epUthfj;ij ePl;Ltjw;F KaYjy; Nghd;w rpf;fyhd gpur;rpidfs; gytw;iw ,dq;fhz Kbe;Js;sJ.

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khfhz kl;lj;jpyhd ,Wjp Nahridfs;
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20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
khfhz kl;lj;jpyhd ,Wjp Nahridfs;
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives

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Nky; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Ji
gpur;rpid jw;Nghija #o;epiy k
1. 13 mikg;Gj;
MtJ murpay;
jpUj;jj;jpd; fPo; mjpfhuq;fisr; nraw;gLj;Jtjpy; murhq;fj;jpd; jiyaPL
khfhz Miz Njita eltbf Nkw;nf tha;g;g
2. kj;jpa murhq;f
j;jpd; ikj;Jtk; murpay; khfhz
jiy
rig T+l;Ltjpy; Kiwia tpUg;gk; tY
,y;yhjpUj;jy;.
kj;jpa mjpfhu
murhq;fk;
vy;iyfisj; jhz;b khfhz eltbf;iffspy;
rig
jiyapLjy;. jpl;ltl;lkhf mjpfhuq;fisg; gpupj;jy; vy;iyfis
kw;Wk;
,dq;fhZjy;.
khfhz rig Kiw
kdg;gh Fwpj;Jk;> tYT+l;LtJ
mjw;F
xU Vw;gLj kh
Fwpj;Jk; tpsf;fj;ijf; xU
nfhz;buhik.
3. ,ul;il ,ay;G khfhz rigg; gl;bay; xj;jpirq;F kw;Wk;
gl;bay; vd;gd xNu tplaq;fisr; nraw;gLj;Jjy;. c-k;: fhzp> fy;tp
xj;jpaq ,uj;Jr mjpfhu mwpKf itj;jy
4. epjp mjpfhuq;fisg;
NghjpasT ngw;Wf; nfhLf;fhik. c-k;: epjp Mizf;FO
khfhz cupa f mbg;gi nfhz;l fspd; tpfpjhr nfhz;L ngw;Wf
khfhz nkd;Nk mjpfhu gfpu;e;j
5. khfhz
mgptpUj;jpf;nfd NghJkhd msT epjp fpilf;fhik.
khfhz jpiwNrup kw;Wk; epjp Mizf;FO murpd; jpiwNrupapd;
kj;jpa
fl;Lg;ghl;bw;Fs; mlq;Fjy;.
Kiwahd msT Nfhy;fs;> Kiwahd fl;likg;G epjp tsq;fs;
kw;Wk;
fhzg;glhik. kj;jpa murpd; eltbf;iffSf;fhf ngUkstpyhd tpfpjhrhuj;ijg;
epjp
ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
khfhz mgptpUj;jpf;nfdf;
Kiwa Nfhy;f fpilf;Fk;
epiya xJf;fPLfs; vjpu;ghu;j;j mstpy;
Uj;jpf; mbg;gi fpilg;gjpy;iy.
xJf;fPL nfhLj
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
a #o;epiy khw;W top nghWg;G
urhq;fk;
sj; jhz;b
ffspy;
ig
y;.
hf isg;
s w;Wk;
jy;.
3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw hfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs;
khfhz Mizf;FO
mur Nrit
Njitahd eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F tha;g;gspj;jy;.
ghuhSkd;wk;
ig Kiw mjw;F J xU
jf; ik.
kdg;ghq;F uPjpahd
murpay; fl;rpfs;> xU Vw;gLj;Jjy;.
khw;wj;ij
rptpy; mikg;Gf;fs;> Clf epWtdq;fs;
igg; ;F w;Wk;
gl;bay; u
;Jjy;. sr;
p> fy;tp
xj;jpaq;F gl;baiy ,uj;Jr; mjpfhug; nra;J
gfpu;tpid mwpKfk; nra;J itj;jy;.
ghuhSkd;wk;> khz;GkpF [dhjpgjp
piwNrup p
piwNrupapd; O kj;jpa
;bw;Fs;
;.
msT Kiwahd
;fs;
kw;Wk;
ik. urpd; ffSf;fhf pyhd j;ijg;
epjp
fhLj;jy;.
khfhz rigfSf;Nf cupa fhuzpfspd; mbg;gilapy;> nfhz;l msT mwpe;J Nfhy; fspd; mbg;gilapy; tpfpjhrhuj;ij nfhz;L tsq;fisg;
mwpe;J
ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
khfhz nkd;NkYk;
rigf;Fs;
mjpfhuj;ijg; gfpu;e;jspj;jy;.
kj;jpa murpd; epjp mikr;ru;
pf;nfdf; ;
;
mstpy; y;iy.
Kiwahd Nfhy;fspd; msT
Clhf epiyahd mgptp Uj;jpf; mbg;gilapy; nfhs;iffspd;
epjp xJf;fPLfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
epjp mikr;R
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6. gpuNjr epUthfj;
Jld; njhlu;Gila gpuNjr fhupahyaj;ij
nrayhsu;
khfhz apypUe;J rig
xJf;Fjy;.
- gpuNjr
khfhz xg;gil
7. Njrpa kw;Wk; khfhz epiyahd
kl;lj;jpy;
nfhs;ifnahd;W fhzg;glhik.
- midj njhlu;g kw;Wk; kl;lj;j nfhs;i jahupj;j
8. khfhz rigfs;
njhlu;ghd khw;whe; jha; kdg;ghd;ikAk;> mit Clfq;fshy; cjhrPdk; nra;ag;gLk; epiyAk;
- khfhz njhlu;g kdg;ghq khw;Wt nray;j cUthf
9. Copaj; Njitfspd;
mbg;gilapy; khfhz rigf;F Ml;Nru;g;Gr; nra;a Kbahj epiy. c-k;: jhjpjkhu;
- khfhz midj fisAk mur Nr Mizf Ml;r;Nr nra;tj nra;jY gapw;rpf murhq;f toq;Fj
10. epjp Mizf;FOtpd;
nraw;ghLfspy; khfhzq;fspd; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; ,y;yhik.
khfhz gpujpepj Vw;gLj;J
11. tup mwtpLjy; njhlu;ghf fhzg;gLk; tiuaiwfs;
khfhzq;fspd; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; ,y;yhik
- tup tpj mjpfupj
12. khfhz rig rl;lq;fs; gpur;rpidfs; vd;gd njhlu;ghf jPu;Tfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;F nghwpKiw xd;W
cupa
,y;yhjpUj;jy;.
- khfhz
rigfS mjpgu; xd;iw jpzf;f Vw;gLj;J
13. ikag;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;s murpay; ahg;Gld; 13 MtJ murpay; ahg;Gj; jpUj;jk; cs;slf;fg;gLtjhy; Njhd;Wk; Nkhjy; epiyikfs;
- murpay
MtJ ePf;Fjy MtJ ahg;Gj; gpupitj mikj;j

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
gpuNjr epUthfj;ij khfhz rigf;F xg;gilj;jy;.
nghJ epUthf mikr;R
midj;J tplaq;fs; njhlu;ghfTk; kw;Wk; khfhz
Njrpa
kl;lj;jpy; nfhs;iffisj; jahupj;jy;.
kj;jpa murpd; mikr;ruit
khfhz rigfs; njhlu;ghf epytp tUk; kdg;ghq;Ffis khw;Wtjw;fhd nray;jpl;lnkhd;iw cUthf;Fjy;.
ghuhSkd;wk; jfty; mikr;R
khfhzk; njhlu;ghd midj;J Copau; fisAk; khfhz mur Nrit Mizf;FO tpd; fPo; Ml;r;Nru;g;Gr; nra;tjw;F Vw;ghL nra;jYk; rk;ge;jg;gl;l gapw;rpfis kj;jpa murhq;fk; toq;FjYk;.
kj;jpa murpd; mikr;ruit
;fspd;
khfhz rigfspd; ;Jtk;
gpujpepjpj;Jtj;ij Vw;gLj;Jjy;.
ghuhSkd;wk;
tup tpjpf;Fk; Mw;wiy
kj;jpa mjpfupj;jy;.
murhq;fk;.
khfhz rigfSf;nfd rl;lkh mjpgu; jpizf;fsk; xd;iw jpzf;fsnkhd;iw
rl;l tiuGj;
Vw;gLj;Jjy;.
ghuhSkd;wk;
murpay; ahg;gpd; 76 MtJ cWg;Giuia ePf;Fjy; kw;Wk; 13 MtJ murpay; ahg;Gj; jpUj;jpd; D2 gpupitj; jpUj;jp mikj;jy;.
ghuhSkd;wk;
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Page 33
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
tl kj;jpa khfhz rigapd; ghpe;J
gpur;rpid jw;Nghija #o;epiy
1. Kfhikj;Jtj;
jpizf;fsj;jpd; Rw;WepUgq;fs;
FiwghLfis eptu;j;jp
khfhz nra;tjpYs;s jilfs;
Mizf mjpfhu toq;Fj
2. xUq;fpia epuy;
epiyahdjhf ,y;iy / njhlu;e;J ePbj;jy;
tplaq;f nfhs;s
3. epjp Mizf;FO jkJ mjpfhu vy;iyf;F NkNyhq;fpr; nraw;gly;
Njrpa
4. epjp
toq;FtjpYs;s gpur;rpidfs;
murpay; ahg;gpy; vy;i yfs; toq;fg;gl;bUg;gpDk;
Njrpa jpiwNr
5. Rw;WepUgq;fs;
(kj;jpa muR)
njspthd msTNfhy;fs; fhzg;glhik. cupa fhyj;jpy; fpilf;fg;ngwhik KO epjpAk; fpilf;fhik Nkyjpf xJf;fPLfs; njhlu;ghd gpur;rpid (tpNrl re;ju;g;gq;fs;) khfhz mjpfhupfSf;F fhzg;gLk; rYiffs; kw;Wk; gpujpgyd;fs; njhlu;ghd gpur;rpid
khfhz eltbf khfhz xg;gil
6. khfhz rig
eltbf;iffis kj;jpa murhq;fk; Nkw;nfhs;sy;
khfhz rigfspd; vy;iyfisj; jhz;br; nraw;gly;.
khfhz tplaq;f rigfs xg;gil
7. toq;fg;gl;l
mjpfhuq;fis kPz;Lk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sy;
gy;NtWgl;l mikr;Rf;fspD}lhfr; nraw;gLj;Jjy;. fk neFk kf neFk u[ul;l mgptpUj;jp
khfhz kPz;Lk; khfhz gq;Fjh nfhs;s
8. ntspehl;L epjp
cjtpr; nraw;jpl;lq;fis kj;jpa murhq;fk; eilKiwg;gLj;J jy;.
gpuNjr nrayhsu; fhupayhak; fkj;njhopy; Nrit Njrpa nfhs;iffis eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy;
khfhz rigfspd;
khfhz Njitg;ghLfs;>
eilKi Nkw;ghu;itfs; ,iae;J Nghfhik.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
#o;epiy khw;W top nghWg;G
eptu;j;jp jilfs;
3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw pa khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs;
khfhz mur Nritfs; Mizf; FOtpw;F mjpfhuq;fis toq;Fjy;.
[dhjpgjp
,y;iy / ;jy;
tplaq;fis Fiwj;Jf;
ghuhSkd;wk; nfhs;sy;
py;
;gpDk;
Njrpa epjp Mizf;FO [dhjpgjp
TNfhy;fs;
y; ik pilf;fhik
PLfs; r;rpid ;gq;fs;)
upfSf;F iffs; d;fs; r;rpid
Njrpa epjp Mizf;FO jpiwNrup
kj;jpa muR
spd;
khfhz rig jhz;br;
eltbf;iffis khfhz rigfSf;Nf xg;gilj;jy;.
[dhjpgjp khfhz rig mikr;R
}lhfr; ;.
j;jp
khfhz rig tplaq;fis khfhz rigfsplNk xg;gilj;jy;.
epjp Mizf;FO khfhz rig mikr;R
su;
j;njhopy;
;Jjy;
khfhz rigfSf;F kPz;Lk; xg;gilj;jy;. khfhz rigfis gq;Fjhuu;fshf;fpf; nfhs;sy;.
[dhjpgjp mur epUthf kw;Wk; khfhz rig mikr;R
spd; ;>
; ,iae;J
khfhz rigfspD}lhf
epjp Mizf;FO eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy;
nraw;jpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;Jk; mikr;R
33 ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives

Page 34
34 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
9. epajpr; rl;lq;fis
mikj;Jf; nfhs;tJ njhlu;ghd gpur;rpid
epajpr; rl;lq;fspd; vz;zpf;if Fiwe;J fhzg;gly;. ePjpgjpaplk; Kd;Dupik fpilf;fg; ngwhik
khfhz nkhopn
10. khfhz
mgptpUj;jpf;nfd gq;fspg;G ey;fpa murpay;thjpfs;> mjpfhupfs; ePz;l fhyk; epiyj;j pUf;fhik
trjpfs Vw;gLj
11. mjpfhupfspd;
,ul;ilf; flikr; nraw;ghL (kj;jpa kw;Wk; khfhz rigf;F)
tug;gpjrhjq;fs;> trjpfs;> tuNtw;G FiwT fhuzkhf kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpw;Fr; nry;yy;.
khfhz Neubah mjpfhu
12. Gjpa
rPu;jpUj;jj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; khfhz mikr;Rf;fspd; vz;zpf;ifia mjpfupf;fhik.
epUthfg; gpur;rpidfs; (fy;tp> Rfhjhuk;)
- Mff; $ cau;j;J
13. nfgpdl;
mikr;rpd; epiyahd cWg;Giur; rig xd;iw epWTjy;.
Kjyi mikr; cWg;gp
14. ngsjpf
tsq;fspd; FiwghL
khfhz rigapy; fhzg;gLk; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; NghJkhd msT fhzg;glhik
tUlhe tsq;f nfhLj
xJf;fPL nfhLj
15. fzf;fha;T
kw;Wk; tprhuiz
fhzg;gLk; tsq;fs; gioadthff; fhzg;gLtjhy; guhkupg;Gr; nrayT mjpfupj;jy;.
NghjpasT tsq;fs; fhzg;glhik.
khfhz tYg;gL
16. gpuNjr mgptpUj;
jpr; nraw; jpl;lq;fSf;F cupa Kd;Dupik fpilf;fhik
MSeupd; mjpfhuj;Jf;Fk; Nkyhfr; nrd;W kj;jpa murpd; Rw;WepUgq;fs; Clhf fzf;fha;it Nkw;nfhs;sy;.
toq;fg tplaq nraw;g Njita khfhz toq;Fj
17. Njrpa nfhs;if
jahupg;gpy; khfhz rigfSf;F mtfhrk; toq;fg;glhik
khfhz rigapd; jpl;lq;fSf;F Nkyhfr; nraw;gLk; kj;jpa murpd; nraw;jpl;lq;fs;
khfhz rigfspd; Fuy;
Kjyi Njrpa kl;lj;jpyhd
ghuhSk ghuhSkd;wj;jpDs;
gpujpepj ,lk;ngwhik.
nra;tj mtfhr

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
spd; iwe;J
d;Dupik hik
khfhz ePjpgjp nkhopngau;g;ghsu;fs;
[dhjpgjp
s;> trjpfs;>
T fhuzkhf ;fj;jpw;Fr;
trjpfspy; mjpfupg;ig
kj;jpa muR Vw;gLj;Jjy;.
;rpidfs;
khfhz rigf;F uk;)
Neubahf mjpfhuq;fis toq;fy;.
kj;jpa murpd; fl;Lg;ghl;bUf;Fk; mikr;R (Line Ministry)
Mff; $baJ 7 Mf
- cau;j;Jjy;.
py; jpepjpj;Jtk;
T
Kjyikr;ru; nfgpdl; mikr;rpd; epiyahd cWg;gpduhf;Fjy;
[dhjpgjp
q;fs; ;
; guhkupg;Gr; upj;jy;.
q;fs;
tUlhe;j mbg;gilapy; tsq;fisg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
xJf;fPLfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
epjp Mizf;FO jpiwNrup
pfhuj;Jf;Fk; ;W kj;jpa Ugq;fs; ha;it
khfhz epjpr; rigia
[dhjpgjp tYg;gLj;Jjy;.
pd; Nkyhfr; ;jpa murpd;
;
toq;fg;gl;l tplaq;fSf;Fs; nraw;gLtjw;fhf Njitahd epjpfis khfhz rigf;F toq;Fjy;.
kj;jpa muR
spd; Fuy; pyhd pDs;
Kjyikr;rUf;F ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; nra;tjw;fhd mtfhrj;ij toq;Fjy;.
[dhjpgjp
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Page 35
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
Cth khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Ji
gpur;r pid pid khw;W top
1. mur Nrit kw;Wk;
rkepiyf;Ff; nfhzu;jy; khfhz mur Nrit
2. xNu tplaj;ij muRk; khfhz rigAk; epiwNtw;wy;.
muR khfhz rigaplk; xg;gilj;Js;s tplaq;fspypUe;J ePq;Fj (itj;jparhiyfs;> ghij $l;LwT kw;Wk; tptrha Kfhikj;Jt Nritfs;)
3. khfhz rigfs; mwtpLk; tupfis cs;@uhl;rp mikg;Gf; fSf;F toq;Fjy;. (Cth khfhz rig jpUg;jpahdJ)
jhkjkpd;wp toq;f Ntz
4. 13 MtJ jpUj;jk; %yk; toq;fg;gl;l mjpfhuq;fis murhq;fk; kPsg; ngWjy;.
murpay; ahg;ig kPwhky; ,Ug;gjw;F tif nra;jy
5. nfsu MSeupd; tfpghfk; gpur;rpidfs; nfhz;lJ.
kf;fs; ,iwik kw;Wk; MSeupd; mjpfhuq;fs; g jw;Nghija epiyikf;Fg nghWj;jkhf mu;j;jk; fw;gpj;jy;.
6. nkhopf; nfhs;ifia
nkhopf; nfhs;if kw;Wk eilKiwg;gLj;jy;.
rkthaj;ij cUthf;Ftjw;fhf mjpfhupfisAk; epjp khdpaq;fisAk; Vw;ghL nra;jy;. (Mjpthrpfs; cs;spl;l Vida kf;fs FOf;fs;)
7. khfhz rigaplk; xg;gilf;fg;gl;Ls;s rl;lk; kw;Wk; rkhjhdk; gw;wpa tplak; tYtpoe;jpUj;jy;.
13 MtJ ahg;Gj; jpUj;j %yk; xg;gilf;fg;gl;Ls;s mjpfhuq;fspd;gb - nghyp]; Mizf;FO - khfhz rl;lkh mjpgu; - khfhz guPl;ir Mizahsu;fis epakpj;jy;.
8. mgptpUj;jpf;fhd ntspehl;L cjtpfis Neubahfg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s Kbahik. (Njrpa ghJfhg;gpw;F Fe;jfkpd;wp)
khfhz rigfSf;F ntspehl;L cjtpfisg; ngWtjw;F Kiwahf mjpfhuk; toq;Fjy;.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
khw;W top nghWg;G
piyf;Ff; nfhzu;jy; mur nghJ epUthf
mikr;Rk; mikr;ruitAk;
khfhz rigaplk; ilj;Js;s
q;fspypUe;J ePq;Fjy;. j;jparhiyfs;> ghij>
wT kw;Wk; tptrha ikj;Jt Nritfs;)
3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs;
khz;GkpF [dhjpgjpAk; mikr;ruitAk;
jkpd;wp toq;f Ntz;Lk;. khfhz rig mikr;R
pay; ahg;ig kPwhky;
;gjw;F tif nra;jy;.
khz;GkpF [dhjpgjp ghuSkd;wk; mikr;ruit mur Copau;fs;
s; ,iwik kw;Wk; eupd; mjpfhuq;fs; gw;wp ghija epiyikf;Fg;
j;jkhf mu;j;jk; pj;jy;.
khz;GkpF [dhjpgjp
opf; nfhs;if kw;Wk;
haj;ij thf;Ftjw;fhf fhupfisAk; epjp
paq;fisAk; Vw;ghL ;jy;. (Mjpthrpfs; ;spl;l Vida kf;fs; f;fs;)
rktha cUthf;fk; khfhz rig mur jpiwNrupapypUe;J epjp trjpfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;. nraw;FOf;fis Nru;j;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhf murpd; mDkjpiag; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
tJ ahg;Gj; jpUj;jk; k; xg;gilf;fg;gl;Ls;s fhuq;fspd;gb
hyp]; Mizf;FO fhz rl;lkh mjpgu; fhz guPl;ir zahsu;fis
pj;jy;.
khz;GkpF [dhjpgjp mikr;ruit
hz rigfSf;F
pehl;L cjtpfisg; tjw;F Kiwahf fhuk; toq;Fjy;.
khz;GkpF [dhjpgjp mikr;ruit
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36 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
9. khfhz rpwg;Gf; fUj;jpl;lq;fspd;> Kaw;rpfspd;
njhopy;
cw;gj;jpfspypUe;J Kiwahf tup mwtpl Kbahik.
khfhzj;jpw;Fs; mJ Nghd;w mwtpLk; re;ju;g;gq;fspy; tup epjpapy;
mu
mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;l tpfpjhrhuj;ij khfhz rig mwtpLtjw;F toptFj;jy;.
10. khfhz rig Kjyikr;ru; khehLfspy; rpghu;R tplaq;fis
nra;ag;gLfpd;w
nraw;gLj;Jtjw;fhd mjpfhuf; fl;likg;nghd;iw cUthf;Fjy;.
Kiwahd fl;likg;ig ];jhgpj;jy;.
11. khfhz rig tplaq;fis jpl;lkplYk; jpUj;jk; kw;Wk; msTNfhy;fis cUthf;Fk; cupik ,y;yhik.
KO cupikiaAk; toq;Fjy;.
12. Kjyikr;rupd; rk;gs tpj;jpahrKk; rpwg;GupikfSk;
G+uz cupikia toq;Fj
13. khfhz rig jiytu;
khfhz rghehafu; kw;Wk; kw;Wk; gjtpg; gpujpj; ngau;
jiytupd;
khfhz ngaupLjy;.
gpujp rghehafu; v
14. 154< cWg;Giuapd; fPo; 5 mikr;ru;fis epakpf;Fk; tiuaiw Ntz;Lk;.
tpupthf;fg;gl
jw;fhyj;jpw;F nghUe;jhJ. mikr;ru; gjtpfs; 7 tiu ahg;gpy; Nru;j;Jf; nfhs;sy
15. murhq;fj;jpd;
epGzj;Jt mwpT kj;jpa
clikahapUg;gJ khfhz rigiag; gyg;gLj;Jtjw;F xU jil
murpdhy; epGzj;Jt khfhz mwpit rigf;F toq;f eltbf;if vLj;jy;.

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
hzj;jpw;Fs; mJ tpLk; d;w re;ju;g;gq;fspy; tup epjpapy;
muR
;fPfupf;fg;gl;l pjhrhuj;ij khfhz g mwtpLtjw;F ptFj;jy;.
murhq;fk;
wahd fl;likg;ig
khz;GkpF [dhjpgjp hgpj;jy;.
cs;spl;l mikr;ruit
cupikiaAk;
khz;GkpF [dhjpgjp kw;Wk; q;Fjy;.
mikr;ruit
cupikia toq;Fjy;. khz;GkpF [dhjpgjp
hz rghehafu; kw;Wk;
khz;GkpF [dhjpgjp
aupLjy;.
hz gpujp rghehafu; vd
;fhyj;jpw;F nghUe;jhJ. kr;ru; gjtpfs; 7 tiu g;gpy; Nru;j;Jf; nfhs;sy;.
murpayikg;G cUthf;fr; rig
zj;Jt rpdhy; khfhz mwpit rigf;F toq;f tbf;if vLj;jy;.
mikr;ruit
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
tlNky; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Ji
gpur;rpid jw;Nghija #oa #o;epiy
1. mjpfhug;
gutyhf;fs; njhlu;ghff; fhl;lg;gLk; tpUg;gkpd;ik kw;Wk; Nrhk;gy;.
1. khf gl;b tpla nra khf jkf cld nfhs
2. ,ul ePf;F
3. xj;j
Gupe; xd;w jpl;l NtW
4. khf
toq tpla rkt cU
5. khf
,y;y tpla [dh vLj
6. fhy
tpjj mi mjp
2. khfhz
rigfSf;F xJf;Fk;
epjp
mjpfhuj;ij khfhzq;fs; nfhz;buhik.
jw;Nghija Nju;jy; Kiw.
kj;jpa muR mjpfhupfs; kw;Wk; murpay;thjpfspd; ,Ug;Gf;fhf kj;jpakag;gLj;Jk;
mjpfhuj;ij
kdg;ghq;F
khfhz ,Uf;Fk; rigfspy;
murpay;thjpfs; kw;Wk; mjpfhupfspd; kj;jpa kdg;ghq;F>
kag;gLj;Jk;
khfhz rig ftu;r;rpA+l;Lk; ,lkhf ,y;yhjpUj;jy;.
xU
1. jpl;ltl;lkhd
1. mst msTNfhy;fis mbg;gilahff;
njs msT nfhz;L epjp
epjpf xJf;fg;glhik.
2. kj;jpa epjp Mizf;FO
murhq;fj;Jf;F
c-k;:
tpfpj
rhu;ghf ,Ue;J tuy;.
ghijfs
3. rk;ge;jg;gl;l khfhz rig epjpfs;
tplak;
khztu
murhq;f mikr;Rf;fSf;F
Nehahs
xJf;fg;gLjy;.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
#o #o;epiy khw;W top nghWg;G
Nju;jy;
mjpfhupfs; y;thjpfspd; mjpfhuj;ij
j;Jk;
fspy;
pay;thjpfs; upfspd; Lj;Jk;
; hjpUj;jy;.
xU
3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw ; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs;
khz;GkpF [dhjpgjp
murhq;fk;
khfhz rigfs;
hd
hff; ;fis
pjp hik.
rhq;fj;Jf;F
f;FO
e;J tuy;.
ig ;l epjpfs;
tplak;
Sf;F jy;.
1. khfhz rigg;
gl;baypypUf;Fk; tplaq;fisr; nraw;gLj;Jtjw;F khfhz rigfNs jkf;Fs; cld;ghl;il Xu;
Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;sy;. (MOU)
2. ,ul;il ePf;Fjy;.
,ay;gpid
3. xj;jpaq;F gl;baiy
Gupe;Jzu;T xd;wpd; %yk;
xg;ge;jk;
jpl;ltl;lkhfg; gpupj;J NtWgLj;Jjy;.
4. khfhz rigf;F
toq;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; tplaq;fs; rkthankhd;iw
njhlu;ghf
cUthf;Fjy;.
5. khfhz ,y;yhnjhopj;J rig mikr;ir
me;j tplaj;ij [dhjpgjpapd; vLj;J tUjy;.
fPo;
6. fhyj;Jf;F Vw;w
tpjj;jpy; mikr;Rf;fis mjpfupj;jy;.
1. mstplf; $ba
1. murhq;fk; njspthd msTNfhy;fspd; jpl;ltl;lkhd
gpufhuk; epjpfis xJf;Fjy;.
2. jpiwNrup
c-k;: tpfpjhrhuk;
Fbj;njhif>
3. epjp
Mizf;FO
ghijfspd; ePsk;
khztu; vz;zpf;if
Nehahsu; vz;zpf;if
37 ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives

Page 38
38 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
4. khfhz rigfs;
Neubahf cjtpfisg; ntspehl;L ngw;Wf; nfhs;shik.
5. cupa Neuj;jpy;> cupa
mstpy; tUl KbTf;F Kd;du; epjpfs; fpilf;fhjpUj;jy;.
c-k;: 40% .
2. epjp M khfhz gpujpe toq;F
3. Njrpa FOi (khfh gpujpe toq;F
3. khfhz rig
Copau;fs; Kfhikj;Jtk; ,ilA+Wfis vjpu;nfhs;sy;
1. epakdq;fs; kw;Wk;
Ml;Nru;g;G vd;gtw;wpy; murhq;fk; jiyapLjy;
2. njhopw; rq;fq;fspd;
mOj;jk;
1. khfhz
tplaq tpjj;j gjtpf KbT mjpf rigf
2. gjtp
epu;za jpl;lt msT cUt Rfhj – 1
4. Njrpa
nfhs;iffs; cupa tpjj;jpy; cUthf;fg;glhik
1. Njrpaf; nfhs;if
mikr;rpd; %yk; jkJ jw;Wzptpd; gpufhuk; KbT nra;ag;gLjy;.
2. ghuhSkd;wj;jpy;
Njrpa nfhs;ifia
rku;g;gpj;J mDkjpiag; ngw;Wf; nfhs;shik.
1. Njrpa
khfhz ,zf nra;j rl;l mik
5. khfhz
rigfSf;fpilapyh d kw;Wk; Nritfs;
tsq;fisf; ifahsy; njhlu;ghd Kiwahd xU nfhs;ifapd;ik.
c-k;: Nghf;Ftuj;J
MWfs; mfo;T)
(kzy;
ePu;g;ghrdk;
1. khfhz rigfs;
gy;NtW KbTfspd; mbg;gilapy; nraw;gLjy;.
2. Nghf;Ftuj;J
njhlu;ghf Njrpa Nghf;Ftuj;J Mizf;FOtpd; %yk; mOj;jk; gpuNahfpf;fg;gLjy;. Outreach
1. khfhz
rigf ,zf nraw
2. khfhz
rigf Nghf;F xd;wpd nraw

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
igfs; ntspehl;L g; ngw;Wf; k.
j;jpy;> cupa Ul Kd;du;
pUj;jy;.
2. epjp Mizf;FOtpy; khfhz gpujpepjpj;Jtj;ij
rigfSf;F
toq;Fjy;.
3. Njrpa epjp Mizf; FOit ];jhgpj;jy;. (khfhz rigfSf;F gpujpepjpj;Jtj;ij toq;Fjy;)
s; kw;Wk;
vd;gtw;wpy; ; jiyapLjy;
;fq;fspd;
1. khfhz rig
tplaq;fSld; ,ize;j tpjj;jpy; me;je;jg; gjtpfSf;Fupa KbTfis mjpfhuq;fis vLf;Fk;
khfhz rigfsplk; xg;gilj;jy;.
2. gjtp vz;zpf;ifia
epu;zapg;gJ njhlu;ghf jpl;ltl;lkhd msTNfhy;fis cUthf;fy;. Rfhjhug; gupNrhjfu; c-k;: nghJ 7500 – 1
1. murhq;fk;
2. Kfhikj;Jt
Nritj; jpizf;fsk;
3. khfhz rig
fhs;if
; %yk; jkJ
; gpufhuk; ;ag;gLjy;.
;wj;jpy; hs;ifia
g; ngw;Wf; k.
1. Njrpa nfhs;ifia
khfhz rigfspdJk; ,zf;fj;Jld; KbT nra;jy;. (ghuhSkd;w rl;l mikthf)
mDkjpf;F
1. murhq;fk;
2. ghuhSkd;wk;
3. khfhz rig
igfs;
bTfspd;
y;.
py;
;J Njrpa ;J Otpd; %yk;
g;gLjy;.
1. khfhz
rigfSf;fpilapyhd ,zf;fj;Jld; nraw;gLjy;.
2. khfhz
rigfSf;fpilapyhd Nghf;Ftuj;J rkthak; xd;wpd; mbg;gilapy; nraw;gLjy;.
1. khfhz rigfs;
ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives

Page 39
Outreach
20 tUl mDgq;fis m khfhz rigia tYt fhyf;NfhL
1988 1988 1988 1988 1988 nrg;nlk;gu; nrg;nlk;gu; nrg;nlk;gu; nrg;nlk;gu; nrg;nlk;gu; 02 02 02 02 02 - - - - - Kd;dhs; [dhjpgjp N[.M ntspapl;l mwpf;if xd;w khfhzq;fs; xU epu;thf m rigapdhy; epUthfk; nra;t khfhzq;fs; xd;wpizf;fg;g
murpay; mjpfhuj;Jf;fhd epiyik fhuzkhf16 khj khfhz rigapd; Ml;rp if  [dhjpgjp mtu;fspdhy; papl;l mwpf;if xd;wpd; Clhf tlf;F kw;Wk; fpof;F zq;fs; xU epu;thf myfhf Nju;e;njLf;fg;gl;l xU khfhz apdhy; epUthfk; nra;tjw;fhd trjpfs; fpilj;jd. ,uz;L zq;fs; xd;wpizf;fg;gl;ld.
urpay; mjpfhuj;Jf;fhd Nghuhl;lk; xd;wpd; fUj;J Kuz;ghl;L ik fhuzkhf16 khjq;fs; xd;wpizj;j tlf;F - fpof;F z rigapd; Ml;rp iftplg;gl;lJ. khfhzj;jpd; Ml;rpahsu; f;fs; Gul;rpfu tpLjiy Kd;dzp (EPRLF) kw;Wk; 

Page 40
40 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo
Outreach
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
1996 [_iy 26 1996 [_iy 26 1996 [_iy 26 1996 [_iy 26 1996 [_iy 26
fpof;F khfhz kf;fspd mikg;G vd;w ngau; nfhz [dhjpgjp k`pe;j uh[gf; nfhOk;G myup khspifapy khfhzj;ijg; gpupj;J ,uz nra;aNtz;Lk; vd;w fbjk xg;gilj;jJ.
2006 xf;Nlhgu; 16 2006 xf;Nlhgu; 16 2006 xf;Nlhgu; 16 2006 xf;Nlhgu; 16 2006 xf;Nlhgu; 16
tlf;F fpof;F xd;wpiz kw;Wk; epuhfupf;fg;gl;lnjhd kDjhuu;fshd kf;fs; tpLj %tUf;F ,yq;ifapd; mur fPo; fpof;F khfhz rig x ngw;Wf;nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ. ,j rpy;th mtu;fspdhy;> ePjpgj cjyhfk> uh[h ngu;zhd;N MfpNahupd; ,zf;fg;ghl;Ll Kd;dzpapd; ghuhSkd;w c NrUtpy gpuNjrj;ij gpujpe kw;Wk; fpof;F khfhz vy;. G`hup MfpNahuhy; ,uz;L fpof;F khfhzj;jpw;F Ntw kDnthd;W Kd; itf;fg;g
2

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
996 [_iy 26 996 [_iy 26 996 [_iy 26 996 [_iy 26 996 [_iy 26
pof;F khfhz kf;fspd; cupikfisg; ghJfhg;gjw;fhd kg;G vd;w ngau; nfhz;l gpui[fs; FO ,yq;ifapd;
jpgjp k`pe;j uh[gf; mtupd; cj;jpNahfg+u;t ,y;ykhd
k;G myup khspifapy; re;jpj;J tlf;F fpof;F zj;ijg; gpupj;J ,uz;L khfhz rigfspd; fPo; Ml;rp ;aNtz;Lk; vd;w fbjk; xd;iw [dhjpgjpaplk; ilj;jJ.
006 xf;Nlhgu; 16 006 xf;Nlhgu; 16 006 xf;Nlhgu; 16 006 xf;Nlhgu; 16 006 xf;Nlhgu; 16
lf;F fpof;F xd;wpizf;fg;gl;lik rl;lj;Jf;F KuzhdJ k; epuhfupf;fg;gl;lnjhd;nwd cau; ePjpkd;wk;; jPu;khdpj;jJ.
huu;fshd kf;fs; tpLjiy Kd;dzpapd; cWg;gpdu;fs; f;F ,yq;ifapd; murpay; ahg;gpy; 154(a)(2) cWg;Giuapd; fpof;F khfhz rig xd;iw Nju;e;njLg;gjw;fhd cupik ;Wf;nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ. ,j;jPu;g;G gpujk ePjpauru; ruj; vd;.
h mtu;fspdhy;> ePjpgjp fshd rP.vd; [arpq;f> vd;.Nf.
hfk> uh[h ngu;zhd;Nlh kw;Wk; vd;.[P. mkuJq;f Nahupd; ,zf;fg;ghl;Lld; toq;fg;gl;lJ. kf;fs; tpLjiy ;dzpapd; ghuhSkd;w cWg;gpdu;fs;> fpof;F khfhz tpy gpuNjrj;ij gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;jpa [ae;j tPuNrfu k; fpof;F khfhz vy;.Nf. tre;j kw;Wk; V.v];. nkh`kl; up MfpNahuhy; ,uz;L khfhzq;fshfg; gpupf;fg;gl;l gpd; ;F khfhzj;jpw;F Ntwhd khfhz rig Ntz;Lk; vd;W thd;W Kd; itf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ.
ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives
2006 nrg;nlk;gu; 26 2006 nrg;nlk;gu; 26 2006 nrg;nlk;gu; 26 2006 nrg;nlk;gu; 26 2006 nrg;nlk;gu; 26
Rdhkp mdu;j;jj;jpd; mjpf ghjpg;G kw;Wk; nghUl;Nrjq;fs; fpof;F khfhzj;jpNyNa Vw;gl;lJ.


Page 41
Outreach
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
2007 [_iy 11 2007 [_iy 11 2007 [_iy 11 2007 [_iy 11 2007 [_iy 11
jkpoPo tpLjiyg; Gypfi ,Wjp mjpfhug; gpuNjrj;jpy tpul;baJld; fpof;F kh mwptpj;jJ.
20082008200820082008
'MAjNke;jpa gpuptpid ,Uf;Fk; Ntisapy;" khfhz nfhLg;gjw;F kf;fs; tpLjiy murpay; ahg;gpy; gjpd;% mKy;gLj;Jk; murhq;fj;jpd
2008 khu;r; 13 2008 khu;r; 13 2008 khu;r; 13 2008 khu;r; 13 2008 khu;r; 13
khu;r; 13 Mk; ehs; kDj;jhf;fy;mwptpj;jYf;fi fpof;F khfhz rigf;fhd Vg;uy; 3k; jpfjp tiu Vw;W
2008 Nk 10 2008 Nk 10 2008 Nk 10 2008 Nk 10 2008 Nk 10
fpof;F khfhzj;jpy; K khfhz rigj; Nju;jypy; 37 RNal;irf; FOf;fisAk; gpu Ntl;ghsu;fs; Nghl;bapl;ldu Rje;jpuf; $l;lzpf;Fk; (UP ,izf; fl;rpfs; kw;Wk; vj mjd; ,izf; fl;rpahd MfpNahUf;fpilapy; ngUk;
2008 Nk 11 2008 Nk 11 2008 Nk 11 2008 Nk 11 2008 Nk 11
[dhjpgjp k`pe;j uh[gf MSk;fl;rp fpof;F khfhzj mtu;fspd; If;fpa kf;fs Mrdq;fis ifg;gw;wpaNjh fl;rp 15 Mrdq;fisg; ngw
2008 Nk 12 2008 Nk 12 2008 Nk 12 2008 Nk 12 2008 Nk 12
murpay; ahg;gpd; 13tJ jpU mjpfhuk; cl;gl mid khfhzj;jpw;F gfpug;gl Ntz gpujk nrayhsuhfpa mik $wpapUe;jhu;fs;.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
007 [_iy 11 07 [_iy 11 007 [_iy 11 07 [_iy 11 007 [_iy 11
kpoPo tpLjiyg; Gypfis fpof;F khfhzj;jpy; mtu;fspd; p mjpfhug; gpuNjrj;jpy; ,Ue;J ,yq;if mur gilapdu; ;baJld; fpof;F khfhzj;ijf; ifg;gw;wpajhf muR
pj;jJ.
008008008008008
AjNke;jpa gpuptpidthjf; FOf;fs; ,d;Dk; elkhLk; ;Fk; Ntisapy;" khfhz rigfSf;F mjpfhuq;fis ngw;Wf; g;gjw;F kf;fs; tpLjiy Kd;dzp vjpu;f;fpd;wJ. mNjNghd;W pay; ahg;gpy; gjpd;%d;whtJ jpUj;jj;ij KOikahf
;gLj;Jk; murhq;fj;jpd; Kaw;rpiaAk; vjpu;f;fpd;wJ.
008 khu;r; 13 08 khu;r; 13 008 khu;r; 13 08 khu;r; 13 008 khu;r; 13
hu;r; 13 Mk; ehs; ntspahd tu;j;jkhzp Ntl;G ;jhf;fy;mwptpj;jYf;fika fpof;F khfhz Nju;jYf;fhd ;F khfhz rigf;fhd gj;jpuk; 2008 khu;r; 23k; jpfjp Kjy; ; 3k; jpfjp tiu Vw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;F jPu;khdpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
008 Nk 10 08 Nk 10 008 Nk 10 08 Nk 10 08 Nk 10
pof;F khfhzj;jpy; Kjy; jlitahf eilngw;w fpof;F z rigj; Nju;jypy; 37 Mrdq;fSf;fhf 18 fl;rpfSk; 73 ;irf; FOf;fisAk; gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;jp 1300f;Fk; mjpfkhd hsu;fs; Nghl;bapl;ldu;. MSk; fl;rpahd If;fpa kf;fs; puf; $l;lzpf;Fk; (UPFA) kw;Wk; B.vk;.tP.gP cl;gl mjd; f; fl;rpfs; kw;Wk; vjpu;f;fl;rpahd If;fpa Njrpaf; fl;rpAk; ; ,izf; fl;rpahd = yq;fh K];ypk; fhq;fpu]; ahUf;fpilapy; ngUk; Nghl;b ,Ue;jJ.
008 Nk 11 08 Nk 11 008 Nk 11 08 Nk 11 08 Nk 11
dhjpgjp k`pe;j uh[gf; mtu;fs; jiyikj;Jtk; tfpf;Fk; k;fl;rp fpof;F khfhzj; Nju;jypy; ntw;wp ngw;wJ. uh[gf; ;fspd; If;fpa kf;fs; Rje;jpu Kd;dzp (UPFA) 20 q;fis ifg;gw;wpaNjhL vjpu;f;fl;rpahd If;fpa Njrpaf; 15 Mrdq;fisg; ngw;wJ.
008 Nk 12 08 Nk 12 008 Nk 12 08 Nk 12 08 Nk 12
urpay; ahg;gpd; 13tJ jpUj;jj;jpw;F mika murpdhy; nghyp]; fhuk; cl;gl midj;J mjpfhuq;fisAk; fpof;F zj;jpw;F gfpug;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;W = yq;fh Rje;jpuf; fl;rpapd; nrayhsuhfpa mikr;ru; ikj;jpupghy rpupNrd mtu;fs; pUe;jhu;fs;.
41 ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives


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42 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
fpof;F khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Ji
gpur;rpid
jw;Nghija #o;epiy
k
1. mwtplg;gLk; tup
njhlu;ghf epjp Mizf;FOtpw;Nfh khfhz rigf;Nfh mjpfhukpd;ik.
kf;fshy njupTnr cWg;gpd nfhz;l rigfsp mt;tjpf ngw;Wf;n Ntz;Lk
2. ,uz;L jrhg;jq;fshf khfhz nraw;gl;lhYk;
rigfs;
mjpfhug; gfpu;T njhlu;ghf kj;jpa murpd; murpay; jiyikf;F
mjp~;lhdk; ,d;ik.
kf;fs; gpujpepjpfs; ,d;Dk cupa Kiwapy;
,q;F
epiyepWj;jg; gltpy;iy Rfhjhug; gpuptpy; ,t;thW tup mwtplg;gLtjpy;i y.
kf;fshy njupTnr cWg;gpd muRf;F nfhLf;f kj;jpa eltbf;i m
tpl;Lf;nf nray;gl
3. khfhz ,Uf;Fk; rigf;Fs;
rpW ,df; FOf;fspd; mgpyhi~fis cupa Kiwapy; eilKiwg;gLj;j KbahJs;sik.
,jw;F kj;jpa muR my;y khj;jpuk; Vida epWtdq;fspdJk; xj;Jiog;G NghJkhdjhf ,y;iy.
fpof;F khfhzj;jpd; ghJfhg;G epiyikfs; ngUk;ghyhd jPu;khdq;fspd; NghJ mike;Js;sJ.
mOj;jkhf
KOika mjpfhuq rigfS Ntz;Lk
4. NkypUe;J nray;jpl;lk;
fPohd
jahupf;Fk; njhlu;r;rpahd gbKiw cjhuzk;: nryTj; jpl;lj;
tuT
jahupg;G> fk neFk> kf ntspehl;L
neFk Nghd;w
epjpAjtpapd; %yk; nraw;gLj;Jk; nraw;jpl;lq;fs;
,t;thwhd Njitfis epiwNtw;Wtjw;fh d mjpfhuq;fs; ,y;yhj fhuzj;jpdhy; cupa Kiwapy; eltbf;iffs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLt jpy;iy.
khfhz gpuNjr nrayhsu;
rig>
khfhz mstpyh fhupahyaq;fspy;
toq;fg;g ,Ue;J Kd;nkhopTfs; ngwg;gLfpd;wd.
RahjPdkhd nraw;ghLfs; kpff; FiwT $Ljyhd

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
;Nghija o;epiy
3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs;
khw;W top nghWg;G
; jpfs; k Kiwapy; ,q;F
pWj;jg; ;iy ug; gpuptpy; W tup
g;gLtjpy;i
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig> epjp Mizf;FO
kj;jpa
Vida hj;jpuk;
q;fspdJk; og;G hdjhf .
j;jpd; g;G
;ghyhd kfs;
q;fspd; mOj;jkhf ;Js;sJ.
kf;fshy; njupTnra;ag;gLk; cWg;gpdu;fisf; nfhz;l khfhz rigfspd; Clhf mt;tjpfhuq;fs; ngw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR> khfhz fl;Lg;ghl;bd; rig> fPo;
mur
cs;s mikr;rpd; mikr;ru;.
whd fis tw;Wtjw;fh
pfhuq;fs;
j;jpdhy; j
Kiwapy; f;iffs;
hs;sg;gLt .
kf;fshy; njupTnra;ag;gLk; cWg;gpdu;fs; %yk; muRf;F mOj;jk; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. kj;jpa eltbf;iffspd; muR ,t;thwhd
NghJ tpl;Lf;nfhLj;J nray;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR
nrayhsu;
rig>
yaq;fspy;
Lfpd;wd. hopTfs;
khd hLfs; FiwT
hd
KOikahd mjpfhuq;fs; khfhz rigfSf;F toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
khfhz mstpyhd rigf;F mjpfhuq;fs;
KO
khfhz rig
toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;;
ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives


Page 43
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
eilKiwg;gLj;JtJ ,d;Wk; NkypUe;J fPNohfNt.
re;ju;g;gq;fspy; kj;jpa murpd; jpl;lq;fs; nray;gLj;jg;gLfp d;wJ. njhlu;r;rpahd nfhs;ifj; jpl;lq;fs; eilKiwg;gLj;jg; gLtjpy;iy.
5. Ra [PtNdhghak; njhlu;ghd jPu;khdq;fspd; NghJ gpui[fspd; fUj;Jf;fSf;F ,lkpd;ik.
khfhz gpuNjr r njspTl flikah
6. khfhz rigapd; fPo;f; fhzg;gl;l mur epUthfk; kw;Wk; fkeyr; Nritfs; tplag; gug;ig kPz;Lk; khfhz rigf;Fs; cs;slf;Fjy;.
gpui[fspd; fUj;Jf;fSf;F KOikahd ,lk; ,y;iy.
cupa fl;likg;Ngh vz;zNkh ,y;iy.
murpd; n cWjpah Kiwahf nfhz;L nghWg;Gf Vida kw;Wk; m
7. mur Nrit
epakdq;fs;> ,lkhw;wk; kw;Wk; gjtp cau;T njhlu;ghf kj;jpa murpw;Fk;> khfhz rigf;Fk; ,ilapy; khWgl;l fUj;Jf;fs; epyTjy;.
$Ljyhd epu;thf mjpfhuq;fs; jw;Nghijf;F kj;jpa murpdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg; gLfpd;wJ.
khfhz ngw;Wf;n Ntz;Lk
8. Njrpa ghlrhiyfs;
kw;Wk;> Njrpa itj;jparhiyfspd; epUthfj;ij kPz;Lk; khfhz rig tplaj;jpDs; cl;gLj;Jjy;.
jw;Nghijf;F kj;jpa murpdhy; epiwNtw;wg;gLfpd; wJ. rpy gupe;Jiufis khfhz rigfSk; toq;Ffpd;wd.
midj;J mjpfhuq khfhz ngw;Wf;n nghUj;j murhq;f Nritah ,lkhw;w murpdhy Nkw;nfhs Ntz;Lk
9. gazpfs;
Nghf;Ftuj;Jj; njhlu;gpy; kj;jpa murpw;Fk; khfhz rigf;Fk; ,ilapy; fhzg;gLk; gpzf;Ffisj; jPu;j;jy;.
gpujhd nghWg;G kj;jpa murhq;fj;jplk; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
khfhz cupa m fpilf;f Ntz;Lk
10. khfhz rigf;Fs;
jkJ gpujpepjpfs; ,y;yhj epyg;gug;gpy;
tPjp mgptpUj;jp njhlu;ghf kl;LNk jpizf;fsk; xd;W fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
,Jtiuapy;
Gjpa kh kf;fisg;
gpujpepjpf gpujpepjpj;Jtg;
cupa n
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
;gq;fspy; murpd; ;fs; ;gLj;jg;gLfp
;r;rpahd
fj; ;fs;
iwg;gLj;jg; y;iy.
fspd; f;fSf;F
ahd ,lk; .
kg;Ngh Nkh
.
khfhz rig kw;Wk; gpuNjr rigfs; njspTld; flikahw;Wjy;.
khfhz rig
hd epu;thf uq;fs; ijf;F
murpdhy; hs;sg; ;wJ.
murpd; nghWg;Gf;fis cWjpahdjhfTk; KiwahfTk; mwpe;J nfhz;L mg; nghWg;Gf;fisj; jtpu Vida nghWg;Gf;fs; kw;Wk; mjpfhuq;fs;
kj;jpa muR
ijf;F
murpdhy; tw;wg;gLfpd; py
ufis
rigfSk; fpd;wd.
khfhz rigfSf;F ngw;Wf;nfhLf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR
nghWg;G
;fj;jplk; ;gLfpd;wJ.
midj;J mjpfhuq;fisAk; khfhz rigfSf;F ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jy; nghUj;jkhdJ. kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; Nritahl;fspd; ,lkhw;wk; kj;jpa murpdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR
gptpUj;jp ;ghf kl;LNk f;fsk;
;gLfpd;wJ.
khfhz rigfSf;F cupa mjpfhuq;fs; fpilf;fg; ngw Ntz;Lk;.
khfhz rig
uapy; sg;
pj;Jtg;
Gjpa khfhz rig gpujpepjpfs; %yk; cupa nray;Kiwfis
khfhz rig
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44 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
thOk; kf;fspdJk; Fyg;gz;ikj;Jt Kila FOf;fspd; nghUshjhu r%f mgptpUj;jpapd;
kw;Wk;
nghUl;L eltbf;iffis
Njitahd
vLj;jy;.
mwpe;J nray;jpl eilKi
11. khfhzj;jpw;Nf cupa
nghUshjhu kw;Wk; fyhrhu tsq;fs; njhlu;ghf Nrfupf;fpd;w> juTfisr; Ma;Tfs; nra;fpd;w cupa nraw;jpl;lq;fs; Clhf gpujpgyd;kpf;f epWtdf; fl;likg;ig fl;bnaOg;Gjy;.
gLj;Jk; tifapy; kf;fs; gpujepjpfs; ,y;yhj fhuzj;jpdhy; eltbf;if cupa
,e;
Kiwapy; ,lk;ngwtpy;iy.
khfhz tsq;fs nra;ag;g xt;nthU rigapY xUq;fpi xd;W c Ntz;Lk
12. kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd;
mur mjpfhupfSld; xg;gpLifapy; khfhz rig mjpfhupfis
mur
Fiwkjpg;gPL nra;jy;.
xt;nthU gpupTfSk; jdpj;jdpahf ,aq;Ffpd;wd. kj;jpa murpd; nraw;ghLfs; njhlu;r;rpahf ,lk;ngWfpd;wd.
juTfs; Nrfupg;gijj; jtpu nraw;ghLfs;
NtW
,y;iy.
khfhz mjpfhupf rkkhd Vida f toq;fg;g
13. xNu tplaj;ij kj;jpa
murhq;fKk; khfhz murhq;fKk; eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy; (,ul;ilr; nraw;ghL)
kj;jpa murpd; mjpfhupfsplk; ,t;ntz;zNk fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
mjpfhuq njspthd Njit
14. khfhz rig
Kiwf;Fs;Sk; rpy tplaq;fs; ,ul;ilr; nraw;ghl;bw;F cl;gLj;jg;gl;bUj;jy;.
,q;Fk; $Ljyhd re;ju;g;gq;fspy; XNu tplaq;fs; vt;tpj njhlu;ghly;fSk; ,d;wp eilKiwg;gLj;jg; gLfpd;w J.
rpy gpupTfspy; gpur;rpidahd epiy ,y;iy. kj;jpa murhq;fj;Jld; ,ize;J eltbf;iffs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfp d;wd.
khfhz fye;Ji mjw;Fupa nraw;gL
15. mjpfhug; gfpu;T
njhlu;ghd rl;lq;fis
mbf;fb fye;Jiuahly;fs; ,lk;ngWtjdhy; mt;thW ,lk;ngWtjw;fhd re;ju;g;gq;fs; FiwT.
kj;jpa murpd;
mjpfhug mjpfhupfspd;
njhlu;gh

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
k; tifapy;
; gpujepjpfs; j f;if j;jpdhy; cupa
,e;
gwtpy;iy.
py;
mwpe;J Njitahd nray;jpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy;.
hU Sk;
dpahf fpd;wd. murpd; hLfs; ;r;rpahf gWfpd;wd.
; ;gijj; NtW
hLfs; .
khfhz rigapd; kdpj tsq;fs; mgptpUj;jp nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. xt;nthU rigapYk;
khfhz
xUq;fpizg;G epiyak; xd;W cUthf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;.
kfhz rig
murpd; upfsplk; z;zNk ;gLfpd;wJ.
khfhz mjpfhupfSf;Fk; rkkhd re;ju;g;gq;fSk; Vida fhuzq;fSk; toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig.
; $Ljyhd ;gq;fspy; plaq;fs;
;ghly;fSk;
iwg;gLj;jg; ;w J.
pupTfspy; dahd ,y;iy.
e;J
;fj;Jld;
f;iffs;
hs;sg;gLfp
mjpfhuq;fs; njhlu;ghf njspthd tpsf;fq;fs; Njit
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig.
b iuahly;fs; gWtjdhy;
gWtjw;fhd
W
;gq;fs;
.
khfhz rigf;Fs;Ns fye;JiuahlYk; mjw;Fupa fhyj;jpDs; nraw;gLj;JjYk;
gpujk nrayhsu; cl;gl mikr;Rr; nrayhsu;fs;.
murpd;
mjpfhug; gfpu;T
kj;jpa kw;Wk; upfspd;
njhlu;ghf mwpt+l;liy
khfhz
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
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nraw;gLj;Jtjw;F kj;jpa murpd; mjpfhupfs; vjpu;g;Gj; njuptpj;jy;.
kl;Lkd;w vz;zq;f khw;wj;i Ntz;Lk - rupah topf Nkw;n Ntz - ,J
Njrpa ciu Vw;gl
16. khfhzj;jpd;
cl;fl;likg;G trjpfis mjpfupg;gjw;F epjp xJf;fPLfs; fpilf;fhik.
vjpu;g;Gf;fs; ntsptUfpd;wd.
epjp Mi jpwd;fi nra;a N
17. nfhs;if> jpl;lkply;
kw;Wk; tuT nryT jahupg;G Nghd;w tplaq;fs; ntt;NtW gpupTfshfr; nraw;gly;> md;whl nryTfs;> KjyPl;Lr; nryTfs; ntt;Ntwhf eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy;.
cupa gpujhd eltbf;iffs; kj;jpa murpdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg; gLfpd;wd. cupa epjp trjpfs; fpilf;ftpy;iy.
mur rhu;gw;w epWtdq;fspd; rhjfkhd gq;fspg;G njhlu;ghf mtjhdj;ijr; nrYj;j Ntz;Lk;.
cupa m khfhz fhzg;gl
18. khfhz uPjpahd
Nritfis toq;Fk; NghJ jdpahu; Jiw cw;gj;jpfSf;F mjpf ftdk; nrYj;jhik.
NtW Ntwhf nraw;gLfpd;wJ. MapDk; jPu;khdk; vLg;gjw;fhd mjpfhuk; ,y;iy.
rupahd Kfhikj %yk; m eltbf;i vLj;jy;.
19. epjp Mizf;FOtpd; nraw;ghLfs; njhlu;ghf xt;nthU khfhz rigapypUe;Jk; gpujpepjp xUtiu ,izg;gjpfhupahf epakpj;jy;.
jw;NghJ mJ njhlu;ghf rupahd nray;Kiw xd;W ,y;iy.
mt;thwhd
jw;NghJs gq;fspg;gpy;iy.
epiyik nra;jy; khfhz Njitfi Mizf newpg;gL nray;Ki itj;jy
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
f;fs; Ufpd;wd.
kl;Lkd;wp vz;zq;fspyhd khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. - rupahd murpay; topfhl;liy Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. - ,J njhlu;ghf
Njrpa kl;lj;jpy; ciuahly; xd;W Vw;gly; Ntz;Lk;.
murhq;fq;fs;> khtl;lr; nrayhsu; murpay; ahg;G tFg;ghsu;fs;.
gpujhd f;iffs;
murpdhy; hs;sg; ;wd. epjp s; ;ftpy;iy.
hu;gw;w q;fspd; hd pg;G ;ghf dj;ijr; ;j Ntz;Lk;.
epjp Mizf;FOtpd; jpwd;fis tpUj;jp nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig> epjp mikr;R.
Ntwhf
Lfpd;wJ. k; jPu;khdk; w;fhd uk; ,y;iy.
cupa mjpfhuq;fs; khfhz rigapd; fPo; fhzg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig> cupa mikr;ru;
J mJ ;ghf rupahd ;Kiw xd;W
.
rupahd Kfhikj;Jtj;jpd; %yk; mjw;F cupa eltbf;iffis vLj;jy;.
khfhz rig
whd pg;gpy;iy.
jw;NghJs;s epiyikia rPu; nra;jy; NghJkhdJ. khfhz rigfspd; Njitfis epjp Mizf;FOtpd; %yk; newpg;gLj;Jk; nray;Kiwia jpwk;gl itj;jy;.
gpujk nrayhsu;.
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46 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
rgufKt khfhz rigapd; ghpe
gpur;rpid jw;Nghija #o;epiy
1. xj;jpaq;F gl;bay;
khfhz xg;gilf;fg;gl;l rigfSf;F
tplaq;fs; njhlu;gpy; mikr;Rf;fs; kj;jpa kw;Wk;
murpd;
jpizf;fsq;fs; Njitaw;w jiyaPLfs; rigfis nraypof;fr;
%yk; khfhz
nra;tjw;F Kaw;rp vLj;jy;.
nj t nr xj xo
Nj ji jL el vL
2. epjpg; gpur;rpidfs;
i) xg;gilf;fg;gl;l tUkhd Cw;Wf;fs; Nghjhik.
ii) murpd; khdpq;fs; kPJ jq;fNtz;bapUj;jy;.
iii) msTNfhw; khdpaq;fs; FiwghLfs;.
toq;Ftjpy;
iv) cld;gl;l khdpaq;fSf;fhd cupa Neuj;jpy; KOikahf
epjpia
toq;fhik. v) mjpfhupfs; njhlu;gpy; rk;gsk; kw;Wk; nfhLg;gdTfis Rw;WepUgq;fspd; gb mur
nra;a Ntz;bapUg;gpDk; Nkyjpf khdpaq;fs;
mjw;fhd
fpilf;fhik
vi) rig muR Copau;fspd; kw;Wk; khfhz
trjpfs; kw;Wk; gad;fisg; ngw;Wf; nfhLg;gjpYs;s Kuz;ghLfs;
1. gpur;rpidf;FupaJ. c-k;: #oy;> Rw;Wyh> kpd; tY
mjpfhuq;fisg; gad;gLj;Jk; gpur;rpidfs; NghJ
vOjy;.
,e;epiyikNa epyTfpwJ.
c , ,Uf;Fk; Cw;Wf;fs; tUkhd
kPJ cs;s mwtPl;Lj; jilfs;
% ri F t ng nr
,e;epiyikNa epyTfpwJ
t m nr
,e;epiyikNa epyTfpwJ
, jPu vL t ,e;epiyik epyTfpwJ
K t
,e;epyikNa epyTfpwJ
Nk t
,e;epiyikNa epyTfpwJ
rk kw c-k;: mdu;j;jf; fld;fs;>
t Rfhjhuk;> rk;gsq;fs;

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
hija #o;epiy khw;W top nghWg;G
pidf;FupaJ. oy;> Rw;Wyh> kpd;
q;fisg; dfs; j;Jk; NghJ
vOjy;.
3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs;
khfhz rig
kj;jpa muR
J. ikNa
; s; tUkhd
kPJ cs;s j; jilfs;
ikNa epyTfpwJ
ikNa epyTfpwJ
ik epyTfpwJ
kNa epyTfpwJ
ikNa epyTfpwJ du;j;jf; fld;fs;> k;> rk;gsq;fs;
njspthf tiutpyf;fzk; nra;jy;. xj;jpaq;F gl;baiy xopj;jy;.
Njitaw;w jiyaPLfis jLg;gjw;fhd eltbf;iffis vLj;jy;.
cw;gj;jp ,wf;Fkjp kw;Wk;
tupfs;
epjp mikr;R
%yk; rigfSf;F
khfhz
Fwpg;gpl;lnjhU tUkhdj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhLf;f top nra;jy;. tUkhdj;ij mjpfupg;gjw;F nra;jy;.
top
khfhz rig
,J jPu;khdq;fis
gw;wpa
epjp Mizf;FO vLf;Fk; cupikia toq;Fjy;. Kiwahf epjpia toq;Fjy;.
khfhz rig
Nkyjpf khdpaq;fis
jpiwNrup toq;Fjy;
rkkhd kw;Wk; gad;fis
re;ju;g;gq;fs;
toq;Fjy;.
epjp Mizf;FO kw;Wk; kj;jpa muR
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
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vii) jw;fhyj;jpy; NghjpasT epjp fpilf;fhik.
viii) kj;jpa murpd; %yk; khfhzj;jpw;fhf toq;Fk; epjpiaf; Fiwj;jy;.
ix) epjp Mizf;FO mjpfhuq;fis kPwp nraw;gLjy;.
x) khfhzj;jpw;F kf;fs; tpfpjhrhug;gb
epjp xJf;fhik.
xi) xJf;fg;gl;Ls;s tUlj;jpw;F
epjpia cupa epjpahz;Lf;Fs; toq;fhik.
xii) tUlj;Jf;F xJf;fg;gl;Ls;s khdpaq;fis ,ilapy; ntl;b tpLjy;.
Ng ng
k t k K K gf
nj m j
ep t
ep Ne t
j ng
3. kdpj tsq;fs;
njhlu;ghd gpur;rpidfs;
ntw;wplq;fis epug;GtjpYs;s jilfs;.
gjtpfSk; ntw;wplq;fSk; G+u;j;jp nra;ag;glhikAk; mit njhlu;gpy; Ntz;lhj jiyaPlfSk; (ehlshtpa NritfSk; gjtpfSk;)
NghjpasT epjpfs; fpilg;gjpy;iy.
khfhz tUkhdk; kPs khfhzj;jpw;Ff; fpilf;fhik
epjp xJf;Ftjpy; njspthd msTNfhy;fs; ,y;yhik.
khfhz rig eltbf;iffis Njitapd;wp fl;Lg;gLj;Jjy;.
mgptpUj;jpj; jpl;lq;fs; ke;jkiljy;
,e;epiyikNa epyTfpwJ.
nt ep el
m k x
4. gpuNjr epUthf
eltbf;iffs; njhlu;gpy; cs;s epWtdq;fis kj;jpa muR nghWg;Ngw;wy; njhlu;gpy; nghWg;Gf; $Wgtu;fs;
ehlshtpa NritfSf;fhd ntw;wplq;fis epug;Gtjpy; khfhz rigfis ftdj;jpy; vLf;fhik.
gpur;rpidf;FupaJ
khfhz rig
k eltbf;iffis gpuNjr
nr nrayhsu;fs; ftdj;jpy;
f vLf;fhik.
k f
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
T epjpfs; jpy;iy.
tUkhdk; kPs j;jpw;Ff;
hik
f;Ftjpy; d msTNfhy;fs; k.
rig ;iffis
pd;wp j;Jjy;.
j;jpj; jpl;lq;fs; ljy;
ikNa J.
NghjpasT epjpiag; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
khfhz tUkhdq;fis khfhzj;jpw;Fs; Kiwahd Kfhikapd; fPo; gfpe;jspj;jy;
njspthd msTNfhy;fisj; jPu;khdpj;jy;.
epjp Rje;jpuj;ij toq;Fjy;.
epjpia cupa Neuj;jpy;> fhyj;jpy; toq;Fjy;.
jpl;lkpl;lgb epjpiag; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
cupa mikr;R khfhz rig
kj;jpa muR
khfhz rig kw;Wk; kj;j pa muR
muR Njrpa epjp Mizf;FO
jpiwNrupr; nrayhsu; epjpaikr;ru;
epjp Mizf;FO jpiwNrup
pa Sf;fhd q;fis
py; khfhz s ftdj;jpy;
k.
df;FupaJ
ntw;wplq;fis epug;Gtjw;F eltbf;if vLj;jy;.
mjpfhuq;fis khfhz kl;lj;jpy; xg;gilj;jy;
nghJ epUthf mikr;R
kjpa muR
rig ;iffis gpuNjr
u;fs; ftdj;jpy; k.
kPz;Lk; gpuNjr nrayhsu; fhupahyaq;fis khfhz rigfspd; fPo; nfhzu;jy;.
nghJ epUthf mikr;R
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48 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
ahu; vd njspthff; Fwpg;gplg;gltpy;iy.
c-k;: i) 'kfneFk" (tPjp Nkk;ghL) kw;Wk; 'fkneFk' (fpuhk Nkk;ghL) Nghd;w ntspehl;L cjtp ngWk; fUj;jpl;lq;fs; NkypUe;J mbg;gilapNyNa
fPo; Nehf;fpa
eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd.
ii) Njrpa ghlrhiyfs; kw;Wk; itj;jparhiyfspd; Njrpa
epUthfg; nghWg;ig kj;jpa muR Vw;Ws;sjhy; Vw;gl;Ls;s epiyik.
iii) khfhz rigapd; fPo; ,Ue;j nghJ epUthfk; kw;Wk; fkey Nritfs; tplak; xg;gilf;fg;gl;lik.
kj;jpa murplk;
cld;gl KbahJ
epWtdq;fSf; fpilapy; Kuz;ghL cz;L.
;kj;jpa murpd; fl;Lg;ghl;bNyNa cs;sJ.
K xo
m kPs
5. Kfhikj;Jt Nritfs; jpizf;fsk; mikr;Rf;fs; kw;Wk; %yk; tpepNahfpf;fg;gLk; Rw;WepUgq;fs;
1. mj;jpahtrpa
Nr gjtpfisf; cUthf;Ftjw;fhd
$l
m ri mDkjp ,y;yhik.
2. gjtpfSf;F
mDkjpf;fg;gl;l
epge;jidfs; tpjpj;jy;.

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
KbahJ
;fSf; fpilapy; L cz;L.
murpd; l;bNyNa .
Kuz;ghLfis xopj;jy;
me;j mjpfhuq;fis kPs toq;Fjy;
kj;jpa muR
kj;jpa muR khfhz rigfs;
pahtrpa sf; ;Ftjw;fhd
$l
p ,y;yhik.
kjpf;fg;gl;l
f;F dfs; tpjpj;jy;.
Nru;j;Jf; nfhs;Sk;
Kfhikj;Jt mjpfhuj;ij rigf;F toq;Fjy;.
khfhz
Nritfs; jpizf;fk;
kh.m.Nr.M.F.
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
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njd; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Ji
gpur;rpid khw;W to
khfhz (njspthd) mgptpUj;jp ,d;ik
njhlu;ghd Nehf;fk;
khfhzj;J Nehf;fnkh
khfhz mgptpUj;jp njhlu;ghf ePz;lfhyk; gq;fspg;Gr; nra;j murpay;thjpfs; kw;Wk; mjpfhupfspd; gw;whf;Fiw
cupa m rigfSf nfhLj;jy xd;iw epa
cupa nkhopf; nfhs;if fhzg;glhik. mjpfhupfi Kk;nkhopf ,izj;Jf Mw;wYf;F nfhLj;jy
rpy mjpfhupfSf;F ,uz;L mjpfhug; gpuptpdUf;Fk; nghWg;Gf; $w Ntz;bNaw;gly;.
khfhz r nghWg;ghf rigf;F n jq;fp thO
nfhs;iffisj; jahupf;Fk; NghJ mikr;ru;fspd; gq;fspg;G Fiwthff; fhzg;gly;. jdpg;gl;l epfo;r;rpepuy;fs;
(mjpfhukpf;ftu;fspd;
nraw;gLj;jg;gly;)
MNyhriz gpujp mik Nkw;ghu;it Vw;gLj;Jj
mjpfhuq;fisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sy;
gpur;rpid khw;W to
13 MtJ murpay; ahg;gpy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;l mjpfhuq;fisg; ngw;Wf; nfhLf;fhik. toq;fg;gl;l mjpfhuq;fis kPz;Lk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sy;.
mjpfhug; gpufldg;g ,y;yhnjh toq;ff; $ mjpfhuq;f gpuNjr nr
ntspehl;L epjpfis Neubahf khfhz
gpuNjr m rigfSf;F ngw;Wf; nfhs;s ,ayhik.
ntspehl;L njhlu;ghf filg;gpbj ,jw;fhf kj;jpa];j
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
khw;W top
Nehf;fk; khfhzj;Jf;Fg; Nehf;fnkhd;wpd; nghUe;Jk; nghUl;L xd;wpizjy;. tifapyhd
spd;
3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; 3Mk; gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw gbKiw ; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs;
cupa mjpfhuq;fis toq;fp khfhz rigfSf;F cupa ngWkjpiag; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;> khfhz mur Nritf; FO xd;iw epakpj;jy;.
lhik. mjpfhupfisg; gapw;Wtpj;jy;
Kk;nkhopf; nfhs;ifia tYg;gLj;jy; ,izj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; NghJ nkhop Mw;wYf;F Kd;Dupik ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
pfhug; khfhz rigf;Fupa flikfSf;F
nghWg;ghf cs;s mjpfhupfs; khfhz rigf;F nghWg;Gf; $Wjy;. jq;fp thOk; kd epiyapypUe;J kPSjy;.
hff; ;
MNyhrizr; rigia tYg;gLj;Jjy;. gpujp mikr;Rg; gjtpfis Vw;gLj;Jjy;. Nkw;ghu;it mikr;Rg; gjtpfis Vw;gLj;Jjy;.
y;
khw;W top
;gplg;gl;l hik. ;Lk;
mjpfhug; gfpu;it cWjpahf gpufldg;gLj;jy;. (xUq;fpia epuiy ,y;yhnjhopj;jy;) toq;ff; $ba midj;J mjpfhuq;fisAk; toq;Fjy;. cjhuzk;: gpuNjr nrayhsu;.
hfhz
gpuNjr mgptpUj;jpf;nfd fpilf;Fk; yhik.
ntspehl;L ed;nfhilfs; / fld;fs; njhlu;ghf ,yFthd nfhs;ifiaf; filg;gpbj;jy;. ,jw;fhf ntspehl;L mYty;fs; mikr;R kj;jpa];jk; tfpj;jy;.
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50 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo
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Outreach
epjp eltbf;iffs;
gpur;rpid khw;W top
epjpj;jilfs; / gpur;rpidfs; khfhzj;j njhlu;ghf khfhz ri
khfhzq;f fpukkhd K mbg;gila ahg;gpw;F c ,e;j pah
khfhzq;f Gjpa tupf mjpfhuj;i toq;Fjy;.
kj;jpa mu jPu;khdpf;fg mjpfhuj;i toq;Fjy;.
tup Kiwi
gpuNjr ri tUkhdq;f
nghJkf;fs; mgpyhi~fis epiwNtw;Wjy;
gpur;rpid khw;W top
khfhz rig gpuNjrj;jpDs; ,Uf;fpd;w rpW ,df; FOf;fspd; mgpyhi~fs; cupa Kiwapy; epiwNtw;wg;glhik
Nju;jy; ei
fl;rpj; ji khw;wj;ij
rptpy; r%f mjpfhukpf

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
khw;W top
khfhzj;jpw;Fupa ed;nfhilfs; njhlu;ghf jPu;khdk; vLf;Fk; mjpfhuj;ij khfhz rigfSf;F toq;Fjy;.
khfhzq;fSf;F toq;f Ntz;ba epjpia fpukkhd Kiwapy; msTNfhy;fspd; mbg;gilapy; jahupj;J mtw;iw ahg;gpw;F cs;slf;Fjy;. cjhuzk;: ,e;j pah
khfhzq;fSf;F nghUe;Jk; tifapyhd Gjpa tupfis mKy;gLj;jYf;fhd mjpfhuj;ij khfhz rigfSf;F toq;Fjy;.
kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpdhy; tupfs; jPu;khdpf;fg;gbDk; mtw;iw mwtpLk; mjpfhuj;ij khfhz rigfSf;F toq;Fjy;.
tup Kiwia ruskhf;Fjy;.
gpuNjr rigfSf;F Neubahf tUkhdq;fisg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
wNtw;Wjy;
khw;W top
f;fpd;w fs; ik
Nju;jy; eilKiwiaj; jpUj;jpaikj;jy;.
fl;rpj; jiytu;fspd; vz;zq;fspy; khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;Jjy;.
rptpy; r%fj;ij tYg;gLj;jp mij mjpfhukpf;fjhf;FtJ.
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Outreach
kj;jpa khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Ji
gpur;rpid jw;Nghija #o;epiy k
1. Kfhikj;Jtj;
jpizf;fsk; kw;Wk; jpizf;fsq;f spdhy; ntspaplg;gLk; Rw;WepUgq;fs;
khfhz rigapd;
13tJ m cld;ghbd;wp
tYg;gLj nraw;gLfpd;wJ.
cld;ghl Rw;WepUg ntspapl
2. xUq;fpia epuy; gpur;rpidfs;
cs;sd. kj;jpa muR fsplk; khfhz tprhupf;fhky;
rig
eltbf;iffspy; 
jpiwNrupr; nrayhsu;>
epjp Mizf;FO
k; NghJ hruj;ij
vLf;fhJ d;wJ.
epjp Mizf;FO
jpiwNrup
kNa pd;wJ.
khfhzj;jpw;Nf cupj;jhd mgptpUj;jpf; fhuzpfis Kd;Dupikg;gLj;jp epjp xJf;Fjy;.
[dhjpgjp
mikr;Rr; rig
gupe;Jiu ;ilg; hs;sy;.
13 mikg;gpd;gb
MtJ murpay;
mjpfhuq;fis cupa Kiwapy; eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy;.
khfhz rignahd;iw rl;l cUthf;fr; epakpj;jy;. (rpNu~;l rl;lj;juzp
jpiwNrupapd; mDkjp / epjp
xUtupd; jiyikj;Jtj;Jld;)
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52 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo
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9. gw;whf;Fiwia
eptu;j;jp nra;jy;> gjtp ,lkhw;wk;
cau;T>
ehL Nritfspd; jOtpa
gpur;rpid
khfhz m fl;likg cUthf;F
ehL jOt epUthf khfhz r nraw;gLj
10. rpy mjpfhupfs;
kj;jpa murpw;Fk; khfhz rigf;Fk; nghWg;Gf; $Wjy;.
jilfs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd
epfo;fhyj;jpy; gpur;rpidfs; kpf;fjhff; fhzg;gLfpwJ.
ehL jOt epUthf khfhz r nraw;gLj
11. khfhz
mgptpUj;jpf;nfd gq;fspg;Gr; murpay;thjpfs;
nra;j
kw;Wk; mjpfhupfs; ePz;l epiyj;j fhyk;
pUf;fhik
gpur;rpidfs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd.
1. khfhz
Copa kj;jpa murhq tug;gp ngw;W
2. khfhz
FWfp fhy> jpl;lq mgpt
12. Gjpa murpayikg;G
rPu;jpUj;jj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; khfhz mikr;Rf;fspd; vz;zpf;ifia mjpfupj;jy;
jw;NghJk; ,e;epiyNa fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
xUq;fpa rPu;jpUj;J
13 MtJ mikg;gpy nfhz;l toq;Fk; toq;fg;g nghWg;Gf mikr;Rr mjpfupj;j
13. khfhz rig tpl aq;fSf;fhd ehl;L epjpr; nraw;
ntsp
jpl;lq;fs; kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpdhy; eilKiwg; gLj;jg;gly;
murpay; mikg;gpd; gb KbahJ.
mjpfupf;f
khfhz % rku;g;gpf;F gpujk nr mr;nraw eilKiw
14. khfhz rig
mikr;ru;fspd; tug;gpjrhjq;fs;
jw;Nghijf;Fk; ,e;epiyikNa fhzg;gLfpwJ.
jw;Nghijf;F ngaustpyhd tug; gpurhjq;fs; khj;jpuNk fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
tpNrlkhf epakpf;f nray;ghl g
kw;Wk; V tug;gpurh ngWtjw khfhz rl;lnkhd

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
pd;wd
s;
py;
pwJ.
khfhz mur epUthf fl;likg;nghd;iw cUthf;Fjy;
ehL jOtpa Nritfspy; epUthf khfhz rigfspD}lhfNt
eltbf;iffs;
nraw;gLj;Jjy;.
mikr;ruit
mur Nritfs; Mizf;FO
Kfhikj;Jt Nritfs; Mizf;FO
s;
ehL jOtpa Nritfspy; pd;wd.
epUthf eltbf;iffs; khfhz rigfspD}lhfNt nraw;gLj;Jjy;.
Kfhikj;Jt Nritfs; Mizf;FO
pd;wJ.
1. khfhz rig
Copau;fSf;fhf kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpdhy; tug;gpurhjq;fisg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
2. khfhz rigfSf;nfd
FWfpafhy> fhy> ePz;l fhy
eLepiyf;
jpl;lq;fisj; jahupj;J mgptpUj;jp nra;jy;.
kj;jpa muR kw;Wk; khfhz rig
ikg;gpd;
xUq;fpa epuiy f;f
rPu;jpUj;Jjy; / Fiwj;jy;>
13 MtJ murpay; mikg;gpy; nfhz;l mjpfhuq;fis
jahupj;Jf;
toq;Fk; NghJ toq;fg;gl;l nghWg;Gf;fis epiwNtw;w mikr;Rr; rigia mjpfupj;jy;.
ghuhSkd;wk;
kj;jpa muR
;Fk;
khfhz %yjd mwpf;if
pwJ. Na
rku;g;gpf;Fk; gpujk nrayhsupd; mjpfhupahd
Clhf mr;nraw;jpl;lq;fs; eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gly;.
mikr;ruit
jpiwNrup
;F hd tug; ;
pd;wJ.
tpNrlkhf rl;lj;jpd;gb epakpf;f nray;ghl;L g;g l;L mgptpUj;jp
s;s FOf;f spd;
ghuhSkd;wk;
kw;Wk; Vida tug;gpurhjq;fisg; ngWtjw;F vjpu;ghu;g;gjw;F khfhz mikr;ru; tug;gpurhj rl;lnkhd;iw ,aw;Wjy;.
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
khfhz khfhz khfhz khfhz khfhz rigfspd; rigfspd; rigfspd; rigfspd; rigfspd; mbg;gil mbg;gil mbg;gil mbg;gil mbg;gil Nahridfs; Nahridfs; Nahridfs; Nahridfs; Nahridfs;
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
khfhz rigfspd; khfhz rigfspd; khfhz rigfspd; khfhz rigfspd; khfhz rigfspd; mbg;gil Nahridfs; mbg;gil Nahridfs; mbg;gil Nahridfs; mbg;gil Nahridfs; mbg;gil Nahridfs;
53 ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives


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Outreach
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo
20 tUl mDgq;fis m

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa 2Mk; gbKiw Nky; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 01
gpur;rpid
k
01. xUq;fpa epuy; eilKiwapYs;sJ eil ,Uj
02. toq;fg;gl;l mjpfhuq;fspy;
kj;j pa murpd; jiyaPL
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
kj;j jiy
03. Gtpapay; miktpd; fhuzkhf
Vw;gLk; mOj;jk;
nfhtp[d Nrit kw;Wk; $l;LwT Mfpa gy gpupTfs; njhlu;ghf Neubahf jiyapLjy;. ,e;jj; jiyaPL khfhz rigfSf;F Kd;d pUe;N j epfo;fpwJ
1. t fl;lz mwt 2. Nk fis toq
04. khfhz mgptpUj;jpf;fhf
NghjpasT epjpapd;ik
FbNaWk; kf;fspd; njhif mjpfupj;jy;
1. K %yk nfhs tpfpj epjp nra;t Kiw jpl;l 2. G+u cs;s Nji ,Ue nfhs
05. epjp Mizf;FOtpd;
nraw;ghLfspy; khfhz gpujpepjpj;Jtkpd;ik
khfhz mgptpUj;jpf;fhf fpilf;Fk; xJf;fPLfs; vjpu;ghu;j;j kw;Wk; ,zq;fpa xJf;fPLfspy; 35% ,ilepWj;j y;.
khfh gpujpe Vw;gL
06. gpuNjr Ml;rpia
Rw;WepUgj;jpd; %yk; kPz;Lk; kj;jpa murhq;fk; ifNaw;wy;.
khfhz gpujpepjpj;Jtk; ,d;ik
ahg;g mjpf rig
07. nfhs;if jahupf;Fk; NghJ
kj;jpa murhq;fk; kw;Wk; khfhz murhq;fj;Jf;fpilapy; ,izg;g pw;f hf xU ghyk; ,d;ik.
cs;sehl;L mYty;fs; mikr;rpd; Clhf elhj;jpr; nry;Yjy;
,izg;G ghyk;
,iz ,d;ik
Vw;gL
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
lahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
fs; ,yf;fk; - 01
w;NghJs;s epiyik
khw;W topfs; nghWg;G
iwapYs;sJ eilKiwg;g Lj;jhky;
[dhjpgjp mtu;f spd; ,Uj;jy;
jiyaPl;by; ghuhSkd;wk;
p[d Nrit ; $l;LwT gy gpupTfs; u;ghf Neubahf apLjy;. ,e;jj; aPL khfhz
Sf;F pUe;N j pwJ
kj;jpa mikr;rpd;
[dhgjp gjp mtu;fs; jiyaPl;il epWj;jy;.
jiyapLtjd; %yk;
Wk; kf;fspd; f mjpfupj;jy;
1. tpNrl tupf; fl;lzq;fis mwtpLjy;. 2. Nkyjpf xJf;f PL fis murpdhy; toq;Fjy;.
[dhjpgjpapd; jiyaPl;bd; %yk;
pUj;jpf;fhf f;Fk;
PLfs; hu;j;j kw;Wk;
;fpa PLfspy; 35% epWj;j y;.
1. Kiwahd Rl;b %yk; Njrpaf; nfhs;iff;F mika tpfpjhru mbg;gilapy; epjp xJf;fPLfisr; nra;tjw;fhd Kiwfisj; jpl;lkply;. 2. G+uz jpl;lkplypy; cs;s FiwghLfs; Njitahd epjpapy; ,Ue;J ngw;Wf; nfhs;sy;
[dhjpgjpatu;fspd; jiyaPl;bdhy;
pjpj;Jtk; k
khfhz gpujpepjpj;Jtj;ij Vw;gLj;jy;
[dhjpgjp
ehl;L y;fs; r;rpd; Clhf ;jpr; nry;Yjy;
ahg;gpd; mbg;gilapy; mjpfhuq;fis khfhz rigfSf;F toq;Fjy;.
[dhjpgjp
g;G ghyk;
,izg;G ghyk; xd;iw
[dhjpgjp k
Vw;gLj;jy;.
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Outreach
08. khfhz rigapd;
mgptpUj;jp Nahridfs; njhlu;gpy; xJf;fPLfspd; ke;j epiyik kj;jpa murhq;fk; jPu;f ;f hik
-
09. ntw;wplq;fis epug;Gk; NghJ Vw;gLk; gpur;rpidfs;.
4tJ cld; ,ize;jjhf cs;sJ.
1. kh rigf tpla gjtp kw;Wk eptu;j Mfpa khfh rigf 2. kh ,iz cj;j njho murpd Nkw;n
10. ntspehl;L cjtpfs;
fpilf;Fk; nraw;jpl;lq;fs; kj;j pa murpdhy; nraw;gLj;jy;
khfhz rigfSf;Fupa tplaq;fSf;fhf kj;jpa mikr;rpy; mjpfhuq;fis itj;Jf; nfhs;sy;
murh ,iz tope nraw khfh cupj
11. mwtplg;gLk; tup gfpu;tJ
njhlu;ghf epjp Mizf;FOtpw;Fk; khfhz rigf;Fk; mjpfhuk; ,d;ik
,izg;G kw;Wk; nray;gLj;jy; kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpdhy;
- -
12. NkypUe;J fPNo jpl;lkply;
- - nraw;ghL
13. nghJr; Nritfspd;
Kf;fpa gpupTfs; kj;jpa murhq;fk; jd;trg;gLj;jpf; nfhz;Ls;sNjhL mgptpUj;jp nraw;ghLfspy; ,Wjp gpujgyd; njhlu;ghf cs;s nghWg;G njsptw;Wf; fhzg;gLfpwJ
- -
14. khfhz mgptpUj;j pf;fhf
mu;g;gzpj;j cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs; kw;Wk; murpay;thjpfs; ePz;l fhyk; mjpfhuj;jpypd;ik
,izg;G kw;Wk;
Nkw;$ nray;gLj;JtJ
Nahr kj;jpa
eilK murhq;fj;jpdhyhFk;
gl;lh jhdh NghF
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
cld; e;jjhf J.
- -
Sf;Fupa
;fSf;fhf
mikr;rpy; huq;fis
f; nfhs;sy;
1. khfhz rigfSf;Fupa tplaq;fs; njhlu;ghf gjtpfis Vw;gLj;jy; kw;Wk; ntw;wplq;fis eptu;j;jp nra;jy; Mfpa mjpfhuq;fs; khfhz rigf;F upajhFk;. 2. khfhz rigf;F ,izj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; cj;jpNahfj;ju;fspd; njhopy; gapw;rp murpdhy; Nkw;nfhs;Sjy;
[dhjpgjp mtu;f s;
g;G kw;Wk; ;gLj;jy; kj;jpa
;fj;jpdhy;
murhq;fj;jpd; ,izg;gpd; fPo; topelhj;Jjy; kw;Wk; nraw;gLj;Jk; mjpfhuk; khfhz rigf;F cupj;jhf;Fjy;.
[dhjpgjp
- -
- -
- -
g;G kw;Wk; ;gLj;JtJ
q;fj;jpdhyhFk;
Nkw;$wg;gl;l Nahridfs; eilKiwg;gLj;jg; gl;lhy; ,e;jj; jd;ik jhdhfNt ,y;yhky; NghFk;.
-
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Nj 2Mk; gbKiw Nky; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 02
gpur;rpid
jw;NghJs;s Js;s epiyik
kh
01. nfhs;if
nraw;gLj;JtjpYs;s epUthf kw;Wk; epjpg; gpur;rpidfs;
khfhz rl;ljpl Rw;WepU MNyhr kw;Wk; mDkj nfhs;s
02. epjp xJf;fPLfs; kj;jpa murhq;f j;jpdhy; ngw;Wf; nfhLf;fg;gLk; nghOJ njspthd nfhs;ifapd;ik
kj;jpa murhq;fKk; khfhz mikr;Rk; ntspapLk; cgNjrq;fs; kw;Wk; Rw;WepUgq;fs; tpj;jpahrkhdit. - juk; xd;Wf;F
khztu;fisr; Nru;j ;J f; nfhs;sy;. - Mrpupa
MNyhrfu;fis epakpj;jy;. - ,e;j
Rw;WepUgj;jpdh y; nfhs;iffs; nray;gLj;Jk; NghJ fbdkhf ,Uf;Fk;.
kf;fs; msT M mstPL epjp xJ
03. Gjpa mgptpUj;jp
rthy;fSf;F mika nfhs;i ffs; kw;W k; jpl;lkply;fs; cupa Kiwapy; Kd;itf;fg;glhik.
xU tUlj;Jf; fhd epjp fpilf;fhik. (2007 – 35% epjp fpilf;ftpy;iy)
jpl;lkpl mikj;j gpupT x ,dq;fh nraw;j epiyah ngw;Wf
04. gpuNjr epUthf
fl;likg;gpDs; khfhz rig mjpfhuq;fs; nraw;glhik
tUlhe;j jpl;l kpliy cupa fhy ,il ntspf;Fk; jahupf;fhik. ePz;l fhy kw;Wk; rupahd jpl;lkply; Kiw ,d;ik.
gpuNjr nrayhsu;
khfhz fhupahyaj;jpdhy;
Kiwna khfhz rig
uPjpahf fhupaq;fis nraw;gLj;Jtjw;F NghJkhd xj;Jiog;G fpilf;fhik.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ufs; ,yf;fk; - 02
;NghJs;s Js;s piyik
khw;W topfs; nghWg;G
;fKk;
mikr;Rk; pLk;
q;fs;
gq;fs; hrkhdit. ; xd;Wf;F tu;fisr; ;J f; s;sy;. upa
hrfu;fis pj;jy;.
epUgj;jpdh fhs;iffs; y;gLj;Jk;
fbdkhf ;Fk;.
khfhz rig rl;ljpl;lq;fis kPWjy;. Rw;WepUgq;fSf;fhf MNyhridr; nraw;FO kw;Wk; khfhz rigapd; mDkjpiag; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sy;.
gpujk nrayhsu; kw;Wk; mikr;Rf;fs;> khfhz rig.
lj;Jf; pjp ;fhik. (2007
epjp ;ftpy;iy)
kf;fs; tpfpjhrhuk;> epy msT Mfpa mstPLfSf;F mika epjp xJf;fPLfs; nra;j y;.
epjp mikr;R> epjp Mizf;FO
;j
iy cupa il ;Fk; ;fhik. fhy kw;Wk; jpl;lkply; ,d;ik.
jpl;lkply; MNyhrid mikj;jy;. gupNrhjidg; gpupT xd;iw mikj;jy;. ,dq;fhzg;gl;l nraw;jpl;lq;fSf;fhf epiyahd epjpiag; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
khfhz rig mikr;R> Nky; khfhz rig
nrayhsu; aj;jpdhy;
rig ;fis Lj;Jtjw;F hd og;G ;fhik.
khfhz gpuNjr Ml;rp Kiwnahd;iw gpuNjr uPjpahf Vw;gLj;jy;.
khfhz rig - epjp mikr;R
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Outreach
05. cj;jpNahfj;ju;fis
khfhz rigapy; jf;fitj;Jf; nfhs;tjpYs;s ,ilA+Wfs;.
gjtp c ngau; n Gyikg kj;jpa cj;jpNa fpilf;F ngw;Wf;
06. xUq;fpia epuypy;
cs;s tplaq;f s; njhlu;ghf Vw;gl;Ls;s gpur;rpidfs;
khfhz rigapy; flikahw;Wtjw;F cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs; tpUg;gkpd;ik.
xUq;f pi tplaq;f kj;jpa epuYf;F
07. khfhz rig
tplaq;f Sf;fhfTk; njhlu;ghf kj;jpa murhq;f mikr;r u;f s; epakpj;jy;
tplaq;fs; gfpu;e;J nry;Yk; Kiw njspthf ,d;ik.
mt; tpl khfhz nraw;gL
08. Njrpa nra;j pj;
jhs;fspy; ,uz;lhk; epiiyahf kjpg;gplg;gLfpd;wJ. $l;l mwpf;i ffs; rupahf cupa Neuj;Jf;F ntspaplhik.
khfhz rig tplaq;fis kj;jpa murhq;fKk; nraw;gLj;jy;.
khfhz rig
khfhz Ntiyj;
cupa j jpl;lq;fSf;F
Clfg; cupa
Vw;gLj;j ,lkspf;fhik.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
rigapy; hw;Wtjw;F ahfj;ju;fs;
pd;ik.
gjtp cau;T > gjtpg; ngau; ntspehl;L Gyikg; gupR kw;Wk; kj;jpa murhq;f cj;jpNahfj;ju;fSf;Ff; fpilf;Fk; rYiffisg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
mur epUthf kw;Wk; cs;ehl;L tptfhu mikr;R
;fs; gfpu;e;J
; Kiw hf ,d;ik.
xUq;f pia epuypy; tplaq;fs; khfhz - kj;jpa epuYf;F murhq;fk;
cl;gLj;jy;.
khfhz rig - kj;jpa murhq;fk;
rig ;fis
;fKk; Lj;jy;.
mt; tplaq;fis khfhz rig kl;Lk; nraw;gLj;Jjy;.
kj;jpa murhq;fk; kw;Wk; khfhz rig.
rig ; Sf;F
f;fhik.
khfhz rigfSf;F cupa jdpj;Jtkhd Clfg; gpupit Vw;gLj;jy;.
khfhz rig.
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njr 2Mk; gbKiw Nky; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 03
gpur;rpid
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
kh
01. mjpfhu vy;iyia
rupahf mwpe;J nfhs;shik.
cs;s
cupa r mjpfhuq;fis
tiuai mKy;gLj;jhik. rpy tplaq;fs;
,dq;fz nray;g njhlu;ghf nfhs;i ffisj; jahupj;jy;.
02. ,ul;ilr; nraw;ghL khfhz rig
epuy; kw;Wk; xUq;fpia epuypy; xNu tplaq;fs; nray;gLj;Jjy;. cjhuzk; fhzp> fy;tp> nghyp]; mjpfhuk;> $l;LwT> r%f Nrit
xUq;fpi ,uj;Jr tplaq;f rigfs tUjy;
03. khfhz rigAk;
kj;jpa murhq;fKk; nfhs;if uPjpahf vjpu;f; fUj;Jf;fisf; nfhz;bUg;gjhy; xUq;fpia epuiy nraw;gLj;JtjpYs;s jilfs;.
xUq;fpi ,uj;Jr
04. 13tJ murpay; ahg;gpy;
cs;s mjpfhuq;fs; nraw;gLj;jg;gLk; nghOJ kj;j pa murhq;fj;jpd; jiyaPL
vjpu;f; nfhs;if kw;Wk; khfhz rig Kiwia gyg;gLj;Jtjw;F xj;Jiog;G toq;fhik.
Fwpg;gpl mjpfhu kw;Wk; ,dq;fh
05. epjp Njitahd mjpfhuj;ij
msT ngw;W f; nfhLf;fhik. cjhuzk; epjp Mizf;FO
mjpfhu vy;iyia kPwp khfhz rig tplaq;fspy; kj;jpa murhq;fk; jiyapLjy;
jpiwNrup epjp Mizf;FO kw;Wk;
khfhz jdpj;J mjpfhuj;Jf;F
,dq;fh fPo;gbjy;.
Rl;bfs Kiwahd
tpfpjhr mwpf;if>
,dq;fz nghwpKiw kw;Wk;
gfpu;e;js epjp tsk; ,d;ik.
rigf;F kj;jpa
NkYk; murhq;fj;jpd; nraw;ghLfSf;F mjpf epjpia nrytopj;jy;.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ufs; ,yf;fk; - 03
;NghJs;s piyik
khw;W topfs; nghWg;G
huq;fis
;gLj;jhik.
plaq;fs; u;ghf
;i ffisj; j;jy;.
cupa rl;l tiuaiwia ,dq;fz;L nray;gLj;Jjy;
khfhz rig gpujk nrayhsu;> Vida cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs;
rig kw;Wk;
pia epuypy; plaq;fs; ;gLj;Jjy;. zk; fhzp> > nghyp]; huk;>
T> r%f
xUq;fpia epuiy ,uj;Jr; nra;J me;j tplaq;fis khfhz rigfspd; fPo; nfhz;L tUjy;
ghuhSkd;wk;> [dhjpgjp
; nfhs;if ; khfhz Kiwia Lj;Jtjw;F
og;G hik.
xUq;fpia epuiy
ghuhSkd;wk;> ,uj;Jr; nra;jy;.
[dhjpgjp
hu
ia kPwp rig ;fspy;
murhq;fk; pLjy;
Fwpg;gpl;l mjpfhuq;fis gpupj;jy; kw;Wk; tiuiaiwia ,dq;fhzy;.
kj;jpa murhq;fk;
rup izf;FO kw;Wk;
huj;Jf;F jy;. ahd ;if> Kiw kw;Wk;
sk; ,d;ik.
q;fj;jpd; ;ghLfSf;F
epjpia opj;jy;.
khfhz jdpj;Jtj;jpd; rigfspd; fPo; ,dq;fhzg;gl;l Rl;bfspd; fPo; tpfpjhruj;ij ,dq;fz;L tsq;fisg; gfpu;e;jspj;jy;. khfhz rigf;Fs; mjpfhuj;ij NkYk; tpupthf;fy;.
kj;jpa khfhz murhq;fk;>
rig
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06. tsq;fisg;
gfpu;e;jspf;Fk; Kiwnahd;W ,d;ik. (rkhe;j ukhfTk;> epiyf;Fj;jhfTk; tsq;fisg; gfpu;e;jspj;jy; njhlu;ghf)
khfhz gpupepjpj ngw;Wf; Njitf ,dq;fh tsq;fi gfpu;e;js njhlu;gh FOnth mikj;j
07. khfhz rigapy;
flikahw;Wk; cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs; njhlu;ghf xOf;fhw;W tplaq;fis kj;jpa murhq;fk; Nkw;nfhs;sy;.
tpjpKiwnahd;W ,dq;fhzg;glhik
epiyah Nrit K ,d;ik.
08. kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; mjpfhu gPlk; khfhz rig Kiwia gyg;gLj;j tpUg;gkpd;ik.
xOf;fhw;W mjpfhuk; kj;jpa murhq;fk;> mur Nrit Mizf; FOtpdhy; nraw; gLj;jg;gly;
khfhz rig
murpay Kiw njhlu;ghf
kw;Wk; k kw;Wk; mij
murhq;f gyg;gLj;JtJ
cj;jpNa njhlu;ghf
vz;z njsptpd;ik.
kw;Wk; n ngw;Wf;
09. cau; kf;f s; Rfhjhu>
nghUs hjhu> r%f kw;Wk; murpay; gpur;rpi dfs; Njhd;W jy;.
jpl;lkpl jahupf;F ,it n ftdk;
10. khfhz rl;lq;fis
Vw;Wf; nfhs;tjpy; mur cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs; fhl;Lk; tpUg;gkpd;ik.
kdg;ghq Vw;gLj;j khfhz Vw;gLj;j cj;jpNa rkdhd toq;Fj
11. khfhz rig
mikr;Rf;fis mjpfupj;jy;
xj;Jiog;G kw;Wk; mu;g;gzpg;ig NghJkhd msT ngw;W f; nfhLf;fhik.
mikr;Rfisg;
Kiwah gpupf;Fk; nghOJ
nrad;K epiyahd Kiw
,dq;fh ,d;ik>
rig rl Njitf;Nfw;w
eilngw tpjj;jpy; kw;Wk;
tpla m MStjw;Fs;s
xUtUf ,yFj;
njhlu;Gi jd;ikf;fhf
tplaq;f mikr;Rf;fisg;
mikr;r gpupf;fhik.
tUk; K
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
wnahd;W
khfhz murhq;fj;jpd; hzg;glhik
gpupepjpj;Jtj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jYk; Njitfis ,dq;fhzy; kw;Wk; tsq;fisg; gfpu;e;jspj;jy; njhlu;ghf FOnthd;iw mikj;j y;
kj;jpa murhq;fk;> khfhz rig
hw;W uk; kj;jpa ;fk;> mur Mizf; hy; nraw; ;gly;
epiyahd khfhz mur Nrit Kiwnahd;W ,d;ik.
kj;jpa murhq;fk;> khfhz rig
rig njhlu;ghf
; mij j;JtJ ;ghf
pd;ik.
murpay; mjpfhu gPlk; kw;Wk; kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; cj;jpNahfj;ju;fspd; vz;z uPjpahd khw;wk; kw;Wk; njspitg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
kj;jpa murhq;fk;> khfhz rig
u>
; y;
jpl;lkply; nfhs;if jahupf;Fk; nghOJ ,it njhlu;ghf mjpf ftdk; nrYj;jy;.
khfhz rig
og;G kw;Wk;
pg;ig hd msT
; ;fhik.
kdg;ghq;F khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;jy;> epiyahd khfhz mur Nritia Vw;gLj;jy; kw;Wk; mur cj;jpNahfj;ju;fSf;F rkdhd re;ju;g;gq;fis toq;Fjy;.
kj;jpa murhq;fk;> khfhz rig
;Rfisg; k; nghOJ hd Kiw > f;Nfw;w py; kw;Wk; jw;Fs;s ; f;fhf ;Rf;fisg; ik.
Kiwahf nrad;Kiwfis ,dq;fhzy;> khfhz rig rl;lj;jpd; fPo; eilngw Ntz;Lk;. tpla msTfs; kw;Wk; xUtUf;nfhUtu; njhlu;Gila tplaq;fis xU mikr;rpd; fPo; nfhz;L tUk; Kiw.
kj;jpa murhq;fk;> khfhz rig
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12. khfhzj;Jf;F
cupj;jhd nghUshjhu kw;Wk; fyhr;rhu tsq;fs; njhlu;ghd jfty;fs; jpul;ly; - Ma;Tfis Nkw;nfhs;Sjy; kw;Wk; rupahd nraw;jpl;lq;fisr; nraw;gLj;Jk; Kiwnahd;W ,d;ik.
nghUj;j tpjpKiw Vw;gLj;j
13. nkhopf; nfhs;ifia eilKiwf;F jd;ikf;Ff; nfhz;Ltu Kbahik.
epWtd tpjpKiwnahd;W ,d;ik.
gyk; th uPjpahd jpl;lk; j kw;Wk; N trjpfi nfhLj;j
14. khfhz rigf;Fs;
jdJ gpujpepjpj;Jtk; ,y;yhj epyg; gug;gpYs;s kf;fs; kw;Wk; Fy gd;ikj;JtKs;s FOf;fspd; nghUshjhu kw;Wk; r%f mgptpUj;jp
nkhopf; nfhs;if cupa Kiwapy; mKy; gLj;jg;glhik
Fy> ,dg; gpupT>
nghUj;j kj mbg;gilapy;
gpujpepjpj tpupe;j
ngw;Wf; gpujpepjpj;Jtk ,d;ik.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
d
iwnahd;W k.
nghUj;jkhd epWtd tpjpKiwnahd;iw Vw;gLj;jy;.
khfhz rig.
pf; nfhs;if Kiwapy; ; g;glhik
gyk; tha;e;j rl;l uPjpahd xJf;fPLfisj; jpl;lk; jahupj;jy; kw;Wk; Njitfis trjpfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
kj;jpa murhq;fk;
,dg; gpupT>
bg;gilapy;
pjpj;Jtk k.
nghUj;jkhd gpujpepjpj;Jtj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
kj;jpa murhq;fk;> khfhz rig
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Nj 2Mk; gbKiw Nky; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 04
gpur;rpid
kh
01. mjpfhu fl;likg;gpw;Fs; kj;jpak;>
rl;l uPjpah epiyak; kpf neUf;fkhf ,Uj;jy;.
epuy;fspd; Vw;gLj;jYk ,dq;fz;L
02. cz;ikahfNt mjpfhug; gfpu;tpYs;s
cz;ikah tpUg;gkpd;ik
gfpu;jy;
03. gpuNjr epUthfj;Jf;Fupa gpuNjr
nrayhsu; fhupahyak; khfhz rigapypUe;J mfw;wg;gl;lik.
gpuNjr epU rigf;F xg
04. Njrpa ghlrhiyf;Fs; Muk;gg; gpupit
cs;slf;fpaikahy; khfhz rig epUthfj;jpypUe;J mfw;wg;gl;Ls;sik
KO ghlrh khfhz ri
05. epjp xJf;fPLfis Nkw;n fhs;Sk;
nghOJ epjp Mizf;FO Njitaw;w tpjj;jpy; jiyapLjy;> Njitahd msT xJf;fPLfis xJf;fhik.
epjp Miz khfhz uPj epakpj;jYk nrytpy; F xJf;FjYk
06. kj;jpa murhq;f mikr;R>
jpizf;fsq;fs; xj;Jiog;Gld; nray;g lhik.
07. xNu tplaq;fisr; nraw;gLj;Jtjw;F kj;jpa kw;Wk; khfhz uPjpapy; ,uz;L FOf;fs; ,Uj;jy;.
khfhz ri toq;fg;gl;L kj;jpa mu kw;Wk; jpi Vw;gLj;jhi
08. khfhz rigia ,uz;lhk; epiyapy;
itj;Jg; ghu;j;jy; kw;Wk; Clfq;fspd; ftdkpd;ik.
khfhz ri epytp tUk khw;wj;ij Ntiyj;jpl Vw;gLj;jy;.
09. mYtyf cj;jpNahfj;ju;fis
mDkjpf;Fk; nghOJ gy fl;lq;fshf eilngWtjhy; Njitfs; ,Ue;jhy; Nru;j;Jf; nfhs;s KbahJ. Rfhjhu Nritapy; ,izj;Jf; nfhs;sy; kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; Clhf eilngWfpwJ. midj;J khfhzq;fspYk; ,g;gpur;rpid epyTfpwJ. kj;jpa murhq;fj;Jf;F me;jg; gpur;rpidapy;iy. nghyp]; mjpfhuk; toq;fg;glhikAk; gpur;rpidahFk;.
khfhzj;J cj;jpNahf khfhz m Mizf;FO ,izj;Jf tpjpKiwi
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20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
iufs; ,yf;fk; - 04
khw;W topfs;
nghWg;G
k;>
rl;l uPjpahf njspthd ,uz;L ;jy;.
epuy;fspd; fPo; tpjpKiwfis Vw;gLj;jYk; mtw;iw ,dq;fz;L nray;gLj;jYk;.
ghuhSkd;w k;
pYs;s cz;ikahfNt mjpfhuj;ijg;
ghuhSkd;w k; gfpu;jy;
r gpuNjr epUthfj;ij khfhz
mur epUthf rigf;F xg;gilj;jy;
kw;Wk; cs; tptfhu mikr;R
gpupit ig
;sik
KO ghlrhiy fl;likg;igAk;
ghuhSkd;w k; khfhz rigf;F xg;gilj;jy;
k; taw;w hd .
epjp Mizf;FOtpw;fhf khfhz uPjpapy; gpujpepjpfis epakpj;jYk; Njrpa tuT nrytpy; Fwpg;gpl;l tpfpjj;ij xJf;FjYk;.
epjp mikr;R
;
tjw;F ,uz;L
khfhz rigf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;s tplaq;fspd; kj;jpa murhq;f mikr;Rf;fs; kw;Wk; jpizf;fsq;fis Vw;gLj;jhik.
[dhjpgjp kw;Wk; mikr;ruit
yapy;
khfhz rig gw;wp jw;NghJ q;fspd;
epytp tUk; kdg;ghq;F khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;Jtjw;F Ntiyj;jpl;lnkhd;i w Vw;gLj;jy;.
khfhz rig.
shf hy; hu
kj;jpa pwJ. r;rpid F ;
khfhzj;Jf;Fupa midj;J cj;jpNahfj;ju;fisAk; khfhz mur Nritfs; Mizf;FOtpd; fPo; ,izj;Jf; nfhs;sf; $ba tpjpKiwia Vw;gLj;jy;.
kj;jpa murhq;f mikr;ruit
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10. ePjp kd;wj;jpdhy; khfhz rigf;F
toq;fg;gl;Ls;s mjpfhuk; - khfhz rig rl;lk; cau;
ePjpkd;wj;Jf;Fr; nrd;w Ntisapy; mJ gw;wp ntspahz vz;zk; Nfs;tpf;FupajhFk;. 13tJ rPu;jpUj;jj;Jf;F mikthf rl;lthf;f mjpfhuk; gfpug;gl;bUe;jhYk; mJ nray;uPjpahf fhzg;gLtjpy;iy. ,J ghupa Jujpu; ;l epiyikahFk;.
cupa mjpf tpjj;py; mu rPu;jpUj;jk;
11. Njrpa ghlrhiyfs; kw;Wk; Njrpa
itj;jpahriyfs; kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; fPo; nfhz;Ltug;gLjy;
khfhz ri ,Uf;Fk; t ahg;ig rPu;j
12. tpNlr epGzj;JtKs;s kdpj
tsq;f is kj;j pa murhq;f k; jdjhf;fpf; nfhs;sy;.
13. Njrpa kw;Wk; khfhzk; njhlu;gpy;
epiyahd nfhs;if ,d;ikapdhy; gy;N tW fl;rpfs; mjpfhuj;J f;F tUk; nghOJ mikr;ru;fSf;F Vw;w tpjj;jpy; nfhs;if khw;w kilAk;.
midj;J t njhlu;ghfT nfhs;ifi
14. cj;jpNahfj;ju;fspd; gw;whf;Fiw -
15. cj;jpNahfj;ju;fis ,izj;Jf;
- nfhs;Sk; tpjpKiwapd; gytPdk;
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
f;F
apy;
thf;f J . ,J ;.
cupa mjpfhuj;i j toq;Fk; tpjj;py; murpay; ahg;ig rPu;jpUj;jk; nra;jy;
ghuhSkd;wk;
rpa
;gLjy;
khfhz rigapd; fPo; mjpfhuk; ,Uf;Fk; tpjj;jpy; murpay; ahg;ig rPu;jpUj;jk; nra;jy;.
ghuhSkd;wk;
;gpy;
hy;
tUk;
k;.
midj;J tplak; njhlu;ghfTk; Njrpa nfhs;ifiaj; jahupj;jy;.
ghuhSkd;wk;
w - -
f;
- - k;
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa 2Mk; gbKiw tl kj;jpa khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 01
gpur;rpidfs;
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
khw
01. Kfhikj;Jt Nrit
jpizf;fsk; kw;Wk; jpizf;fsq;fspdhy; ntspaplg;gLk; Rw;W epUgq;fs;.
A. gjtpfis
khfhz epakpf;Fk; NghJ FiwghLfis eptu;j;jp nra;A k; NghJ Vw;gLk; jilfs;
Mizf flikfi nra;tjw re;ju;g;gq toq;Fj
B. gjtpfis ,uj;Jr; nra;jy;.
02. xUq;fpia epuy; A. xUq;fpia
epuYf;F cupj;jhd tplaq;fis nraw;gLj;Jk; NghJ Vw;W f;n fhz;l fl;likg;nghd;W fhzg;glhik
B. khfhz rig epuypy; fhzg;gLk; tplaq;fs; xUq;fpia epuypYk; fhzg;gly;.
xUq;fpi ,uj;Jr;
03. epjp Mizf;FO jdJ
mjpfhuq;fSf;Fk; Nkyjpfkhf nraw;gLjy;.
murpayikg;gpy; vy;iyfs; njhlu;ghf cWjpahf njuptpj;jpUg;gpDk; mijAk; jhz;b epjp Mizf;FO nraw;g Ljy;. cjhuzk;: khfhz rigapd; jpizf;fsq;fspy; cs;s gjtpfis ,uj;Jr; nra;jy;.
murpay Fwpg;gplg mjpfhu flika
04. ,d tpfpjhrhu
mbg;gilapy; khfhzj;jpw;Fj; Njitahd epjpia ngw;Wf;nfhLf;fhik.
epjp Mizf;FO njhlu;r;rpahf ahg;gpy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s fhuzpfs; njhlu;gpy; nfhs;i ffis jpUj;jp mikg;gjpd;ik. Njrpa ghlrhiyfs;
khfhz tplaq;f cupj;jhd xJf;fPLf nfhLj;j
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20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
lahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
pe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 01
;NghJs;s piyik
khw;W topfs;
nghWg;G
tpfis ;Fk; NghJ hLfis
p nra;A k; Vw;gLk; s;
tpfis r; nra;jy;.
khfhz rigfs; Mizf;FOtpw;F flikfis nra;tjw;fhd re;ju;g;gq;fis toq;Fjy;
Nkd;ik jq;fpa [dhjpgjp
q;fpia ;F
hd ;fis Lj;Jk;
fhz;l kg;nghd;W ;glhik
hz rig ; fhzg;gLk; ;fs; pia k; ;gly;.
xUq;fpia ,uj;Jr; nra;jy;.
epuiy
ghuhSkd;wk;
yikg;gpy; fs; ;ghf hf j;jpUg;gpDk; k; jhz;b izf;FO Ljy;. k;: rigapd; f;fsq;fspy; gjtpfis r; nra;jy;.
murpayikg;gpy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s mjpfhu vy;iyf;Fs; flikahw;Wjy;
Nkd;ik jq;fpa [dhjpgjp
izf;FO ;r;rpahf
; plg;gl;Ls;s fs; ;gpy;
ffis p ;gjpd;ik.
yfs;
khfhz rig tplaq;fSf;F cupj;jhd midj;J xJf;fPLfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
jpiuNrup epjp Mizf;FO epjp mikr;R.
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Outreach
kw;Wk; khfhz ghlrhiyfspYs; s khztu;fspd; vz;zpf;ifiaf; nfhz;L epjp xJf;Fjy;. kj;jpa murpd; kw;Wk; khfhz rigfspd; itj;jpa rhiyfspy; cs;s Nehahspfspd; vz;zpf;ifia fUj;jpy; nfhz;L epjp xJf;Fjy;.
05. mur epu;t hf mikr;R kw;W k; Vida mikr;Rf;fshy; ntspaplg;gLk; Rw;W epUgq;fs;
kjpg;gpw;F mtu;fS mur Nr Mizf kw;Wk; g nrayhs mjpfhuq eilKi hd re;j toq;Fj
06. tUlj;jpw;nfd
xJf;fg;gLk; epjpia Fwpg;gpl;l tUlj;jpDs;NsNa ngw;Wf; nfhLf;fhik
khfhz rigapDs; epWtdq;fspd; nghWg;ghsuhf flikahw;Wgtu; MSeu; mtNu MapDk; mtupd; mjpfhuq;fSf;F Nkyjpfkhf khfhz mur Nritfs; Mizf;FOTf;Fk; khfhz gpujk nrayhsUf;Fk; Rw;W epUgq;fis ntspaply;.
cld;gl mbg;gi Njita xJf;fPLf nfhLj;j
07. tUlj;jpw;nfd
xJf;fg;gl;l epjp xJf;fPLfis ,il eLtpy; ntl;btply;
tUlhe;j epjp xJf;fPl;bw;F cs;slf;f cld;gl;l xJf;fPLfSf;F epjp
rkkhd ngWkjpiag; ngw;W f; nfhLf;fhik (tpNrlkhf mgptpUj;jp Ntiyj; jpl;lq;fspy;)
2007k; Mz;L 13 tPjj;jhy; epjp xJf;fPLfs; ntl;b tplg;gl;lik mt;thwhd #o;epiyapd; NghJ jpUj;jp mikf;fg;gl;l
tUlj;j midj;J xJf;fPLf ngw;Wf;n kw;Wk; t Muk;gj;j cWjpg;g epajpfis Kd; itf;Fk; NghJ Vw;Wf;nfhs;shtpbd; khfhz rig kpf mtjhdkhd xU epiyf;Fj; js;sg;gLk;.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
khfhz
yfspYs; tu;fspd; pf;ifiaf; ;L epjp jy;.
murpd; khfhz
pd; pa
spy;
spfspd; pf;ifia py; nfhz;L Jf;Fjy;.
pDs;
q;fspd; ;ghsuhf ahw;Wgtu; u; mtNu
k; mtupd; uq;fSf;F fkhf
mur fs;
f;FOTf;Fk;
gpujk sUf;Fk; pUgq;fis ply;.
kjpg;gpw;Fupa MSeu; mtu;fSf;Fk; khfhz mur Nritfs; Mizf;FOtpw;F kw;Wk; gpujk nrayhsUf;Fk; cupa mjpfhuq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjw;f hd re;ju;g;gq;fis toq;Fjy;.
Nkd;ik jq;fpa [dhjpgjp khfhz rig mikr;R
;j epjp Pl;bw;F f;f
PLfSf;F l;l epjp
piag; ; ;fhik khf j;jp j; ;fspy;)
cld;gl;ljd; mbg;gilapy; Njitahd epjp xJf;fPLfis nfhLj;jy;
ngw;W f;
epjp Mizf;FO> jpiuNrup khfhz rig mikr;R.
z;L 13
; epjp fs; ntl;b
ik hd
apd; NghJ
g;gl;l s Kd; ; NghJ hs;shtpbd; rig kpf khd xU
j;
k;.
tUlj;jpw;F cupajhd midj;J epjp xJf;fPLfisAk; ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jy; kw;Wk; tUlj;jpd; Muk;gj;jpNy mij cWjpg;gLj;Jjy;.
khfhz rig mikr;R> epjp Mizf;FO> jpiuNrup
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08. khfhz rig
tplaq;fSf;F mg;ghy; kj;j pa murpd; mikr;Rf;fs; kw;Wk; jpizf;fsq;fspdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; eltbf;iffs;.
khfhz cupj;jhd epjp xJ khfhz xg;gilj
09. gw;whf;Fiwfis
eptu;j;jp nra;Ak; NghJ Vw;gLk; jilfs;
khfhz tplaq;fis xj;j mikr;Rf;fs; kj;jpa murhq;f j;j pYk; fhzg;g Lfpd;wik kw;Wk; kj;jpa murpd; mikr;Rf;fs; gy;NtW tpjkhd nraw;jpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;J jy;. (fkneFk> kf neFk> Nfhg; rpl;b Nghd;wit)
,izj;J nfhs;tj mjpfhuq mur Nr Mizf ngw;Wf;n
10. gpuNjr epu;thf
eltbf;iffs; njhlu;gpy; fhzg;gLk; epWtdq;fis kj;jpa murpd; fl;Lg;ghl;bw;F
A. khfhz rig cj;jpNahfj;ju; fis Njitahd msT jPu;khdpj;J ,izj;J f;nfhs;t jw;F khfhz rigf;F KbahJs;sik.
B. gjtpfSf;fhd mDkjpia toq;fpdhYk; Njitahd epjp xJf;fPLfis ngw;W f; nfhLf;fhik.
C. khfhz rigapD}lhf tpz;zg;gpf;fhj cj;jpNahfj;ju;f i s kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpdhy; ,izj;Jf; nfhz;L khfhz rigf;F gjpw; flikf;F mDg;Gjy; ,jdhy; khfhz rigapD}lhf guPl;irfis elj;jp ,izj;J f;nfhs;t jw;fhf ,Uf;fpd;w gl;ljhupfSf;fhd re;ju;g;gk; ,y;yhJ Nghfpd;wd. ,jdhy; khfhz rig rpf;fy; epiyf;F Kfk; nfhLf;fpd;wJ.
gpuNjr
gpuNjr epu;t hfj;j pd;
kw;Wk; NghJ khfhz
mt;Tj;j rig tplaq;fis
khfhz eilKiwg;gLj;J
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
;fis xj;j ;Rf;fs;
;f j;j pYk; ;g Lfpd;wik
kj;jpa ; ;Rf;fs;
tpjkhd pl;lq;fis iwg;gLj;J
kneFk> Fk> Nfhg; ghd;wit)
khfhz tplaq;fSf;F cupj;jhd midj;J epjp xJf;fPLfisAk; khfhz rigfSf;Nf xg;gilj;jy;.
epjp mikr;R> jpiuNrup> khfhz rig mikr;R.
hz rig ahfj;ju; Njitahd jPu;khdpj;J j;J f;nfhs;t
hfhz
Js;sik.
tpfSf;fhd
pia pdhYk; ahd epjp PLfis
; ;fhik.
hz pD}lhf
g;gpf;fhj ahfj;ju;f i ;jpa
;fj;jpdhy; j;Jf; ;L khfhz gjpw; f;F
jy; y; khfhz pD}lhf fis
j;J f;nfhs;t ,Uf;fpd;w upfSf;fhd ;gk; ,y;yhJ
;wd. y; khfhz
pf;fy; ;F Kfk; ;fpd;wJ.
,izj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhd mjpfhuq;fis khfhz mur Nritfs; Mizf;FOtpw;F ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jy;.
khfhz rig mikr;R epjp Mizf;FO> jpiuNrup> epjp mikr;R.
j;j pd; khfhz
plaq;fis iwg;gLj;J
gpuNjr nrayhsu; kw;Wk; mt;Tj;jpNahfj;ju;fis khfhz rigapd; fPo;
Nkd;ik jq;fpa [dhjpgjp> mur epu;thf mikr;R> khfhz rig
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vLj;jy;. fpd;w gpuNjr
nrayhsu; kw;W k; mt;Tj;jpNahfj;ju; fis kj;jpa murpd; fl;Lg;ghl;by; itj;jpUj;jy;.
xg;gilj
11. khfhz rig
tplaq;fSf;F cupj;jhd ntspehl;L ed;n fhil nray;jpl;lq;fis kj;j pa murpdhy; eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gly;
khfhz 22MtJ gb nts nray;jpl khfhz Clhf eilKi
12. khfhz rig epajpr;
rl;lq;fis mq;fPfupj;Jf;nfhs;Sk; NghJ rl;lj;jpy; mDkjp Njitg;gLtJ xU jilahFk;.
i khfhz rig mikr;rpdhy; gpuNjr rigf;Fupa tPjpfis mikj;jy;.
ii Njrj;ij fl;bnaOg;Gk; mikr;rpdhy; (NEAP) 'aopGGjK" Nghd;w nray;jpl;lq;fs; Clhf khfhz tplaq;f Sf;Fupa nraw;jpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;J jy;.
iii fy;tp mikr;R
iv tbfhy; mikg;G kw;Wk; ePu; Kfhikj;Jt mikr;rpdhy; PECE nray;jpl;lk; eilKiwg;gLj;jg; gly;. tptrhak; kw;Wk; fkeyr; Nrit mikr;rpdhy; IFAD nray;jpl;lk; eilKiwg;gLj;jg; gly;
v fy;tp kw;Wk; Rfhjhu Nrit mikr;Rf;fspdhy; gy;NtW tpjkhd nraw;jpl;lq;fs; eilKiwg;gLj;jg; gly;.
khfhz rig
khfhz epajpr;
cUthf rl;lq;fis
xOq;fi rl;lkh mjpguplk;
FOnth xg;gilf;f
epakpj;j Ntz;Lk; vd
ePjpr; rl Fwpg;gplg;gl
mDkjpi tpy;iy vdpDk;
ngw;Wf;n rk;gpujha
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
gpuNjr
su; kw;W k; ;jpNahfj;ju; kj;jpa ; hl;by; pUj;jy;.
xg;gilj;jy;. mikr;R
z rig ;rpdhy;
upa s ;jy;.
j;ij
Og;Gk; ;rpdhy; ) jK"
pl;lq;fs; khfhz ;f Sf;Fupa pl;lq;fis iwg;gLj;J
;tp mikr;R
hy; ;G kw;Wk;
hikj;Jt ;rpdhy;
pl;lk; iwg;gLj;jg;
k; kw;Wk; ; Nrit ;rpdhy;
pl;lk; iwg;gLj;jg;
p kw;Wk; u Nrit ;Rf;fspdhy;
tpjkhd pl;lq;fs; iwg;gLj;jg;
khfhz rig rl;lq;fs; 22MtJ cWg;Giuapd; gb ntspehl;L epjp nray;jpl;lq;fs; khfhz rigapd; Clhf eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gly;.
jpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;Jk; mikr;R> epjp mikr;R> ntspehl;L mYty;fs; jpizf;fsk;> ntspehl;L nray;jpl;lq;fSf;fh d mikr;R.
rig ;
is
mjpguplk; f;f k; vd lg;gl
vdpDk; ha
khfhz rigfSf;fhf cUthf;fg;gl;l rl;l xOq;fikg;G FOnthd;iw epakpj;jYk; mjD}lhf ePjpr; rl;lq;fSf;fhd mDkjpiag; ngw;Wf;nfhs;Sk;
Nkd;ik jq;fpa [dhjpgjp
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
mbg;gilapy; rl;lkh mjpguplk; tprhupf;Fk; NghJ tpj;jpahrkhd mq;f Pfhuq;f s; toq;Fjy;. cjhuzk;: fhzp epajpr; rl;lq;fs;
khfhz rl;lq;fi cUthf njhlu;g p fl;lik eilKi
13. MWfis mz;kpj;j
kzy;> fdpa tsk; kw;Wk; td tsq;fs; njhlu;ghd nraw;jpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;Jk; NghJ rigfSf;fpilapYk; khfhz
kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpw;F kw;Wk; khfhz rigfSf;fpilapYk; mjpfhuq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjpy; Vw;gLfpd;w rpf;fy;fs;.
kiwKfkhf khfhz rig mjpfhuq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;J jy;. Outreach
13 tJ mikg;G rPu;jpUj;j kpf;f t tYtil
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ilapy;
mjpguplk; ;Fk; NghJ hrkhd huq;f s; jy;.
k;: fhzp ; rl;lq;fs;
khfhz rig epajpr; rl;lq;fis cUthf;Ftjpy; njhlu;g py; epiyahd fl;likg;G xd;iw eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy;.
fkhf
rig uq;fis
iwg;gLj;J
13 tJ murpay; mikg;G r; rPu;jpUj;jj;ij nray; kpf;f tbtpy; tYtilar; nra;jy;.
ghuhSkd;w k;> Nkd;ik jq;fpa [dhjpgjp.
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa 2Mk; gbKiw tl kj;jpa khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 02
gpur;rpidfs;
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
khw
01. 13 tJ murpay; rPu;
jpUj;jj;jpd; gb khfhz mjpfhuq;f s; cupa Kiwapy; toq;fg;glhik. toq;fg;gl;Ls;s mjpfhuq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjw; F Njitahd epjp xJf;fPLfis cupa Kiapy; ngw;W j; juhikAk;> murpd; jiyaPL
,e;epiyikNa
murpw;F fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
nfhLj;j nry;yy
02. kdpj tsq;fis
cupa Kiwapy; ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;Fs;s jilfSk; ,ayhikAk;.
gy;NtWgl;l Rw;W epUgq;fs; Clhf vy;iyfis tpjpj;jy;. ePjpf;fl;Lg;ghL.
murpw;F nfhLj;j nry;yy
03. khfhz mgptpUj;jpapd;
nghUl;L mu;g;gzpg;Gld; nray;gLk; mjpfhupfs; kw;Wk; murpay;thjpfs; ePz;lfhyk; epiyj;jpUf;fhik.
rYiffs; kw;Wk; xj;jhirfs; toq;FtjpYs;s FiwghLfs;.
rYiff xj;jhir toq;Ft eltbf;i Nkw;n fh
04. rpy mjpfhupfs; kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpw;Fk; khfhz rigf;Fk; nghWg;Gf; $Wgtu;fshf fhzg;gly;
,e;epyik ,t;thNw fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ,jdhy; epu;thfr; rpf;fy;fs; Vw;gLfpd;wJ. cjhuzk;: fy;t p> Rfhjhuk;
kj;jpa m cs;s m khfhz ngw;Wf;
05. rl;l uPjpahd
eltbf;iffSf;F jkpo; kw;Wk; Mq;fpy nkhopngau;g ;ghsu;fs; ,d;ik.
midj;J Mtz eltbf;iffSk; rpq;fs nkhopapy; khj;jpuk; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gly;.
cupa m epakpg;gj jilfi
06. khfhz rig mjpfhu
vy;iyf;Fs; thOk; khfhz rigf;Fs; jkJ gpujpepjpfs; ,y;yhj ,df; FOf;fSf;Fs;> FOf;fshf kw;Wk; vy;iy uPjpahf kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l ,df; FOf;fspd;
,J xU ghupa xU gpur;rpid my;y.
cs;@uh kd;wq;f Kiwah ngw;Wf;n
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
lahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
pe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 02
;NghJs;s piyik
khw;W topfs; nghWg;G
yikNa
murpw;F mOj;jk; ;gLfpd;wJ.
nfhLj;jy;. ePjpkd;wk; nry;yy;.
khfhz rig> gpui[fs;
Wgl;l Rw;W ;fs; Clhf fis y;. l;Lg;ghL.
murpw;F mOj;jk; nfhLj;jy;. ePjp kd;wk; nry;yy;.
khfhz rig> gpui[fs;
fs; kw;Wk;
rfs; tjpYs;s hLfs;.
rYiffs; kw;Wk; xj;jhirfis toq;Ftjw;fhd eltbf;iffis Nkw;n fhs;sy;
kj;jpa muR
ik Nw ;gLfpd;wJ. y; epu;thfr; ;fs;
pd;wJ.
k;: fy;t p> uk;
kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpy; cs;s mjpfhuq;fis khfhz rigfSf;Fg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
kj;jpa murpd; fl;Lg;ghl;by; cs;s mikr;R (Line Ministry)
;J Mtz f;iffSk;
nkhopapy; k; hs;sg;gly;.
cupa mjpfhupfis epakpg;gjw;Fs;s jilfis xJf;Fjy;.
kj;jpa muR
U ghupa
cs;@uhl;rp ur;rpid
kd;wq;fspD}lhf Kiwahd gq;fspg;ig ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jy;.
khfhz kl;l murpay; jiyikj;Jtk;
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mgpyhi~fs; epiwNtw;wg;glhik
07. Gjpa murpay;
rPu;jpUj;jj;jpd; gb khfhz rig mikr;Rf;fis mjpfupj;jy;.
Njitapy;iy. -
08. ghuhSkd;wj;jpw;F
Neubahd gq;fspg;ig Vw;gLj;jy;
Njitapy;iy. -
09. nfgpdl; mikr;rpy;
epiyahd cUg;Gupik rig xd;iw epakpj;jy;.
jw;NghJs;s
midj;J gq;fspg;G
$l;lq;f NghJkhdjhf
Kjyik ,y;iy.
gq;Fgw;w
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
apy;iy. - -
apy;iy. - -
Js;s pg;G
hdjhf .
midj;J nfgpdl; $l;lq;fspw;Fk; Kjyikr;rupd; gq;Fgw;wy;
Nkd;ik jq;fpa [dhjpgjp
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa 2Mk; gbKiw tl kj;jpa khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 03
gpur;rpidfs;
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
khw
01. rl;l uPjpahf
toq;fg;gl;l mjpfhuq;fis khfhz rigf;F toq;Ftjw;F kj;jpa murhq;fk; tpUk;ghikAk; mt;tjpfhuq;fisg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;F khfhz rigfs; eltbf;if vLf;f hikAk;.
rpw;rpy tplaq;fspy; nraw;gLj;JtJ njhlu;ghd mjpfhuq;fisg; ngw;W f;nfhs;tjw; F Kaw;rp nra;J s;s J. - nghyp];
mjpfhuq;fs; - Kjyikr;ru;f
spd; rk;Nksdk;
- me;epN
njspT - ru;t
gpujpe rk;Nk mwpf;i gyg;g
02. epjpg; gpur;rpidfs;
i. toq;fg;gl;l
tUkhdq;fs; NghjpasT ,d;ik
ii. murpd;
xJf;fPLfis ek;gpapUf;f Ntz;ba epiyik
iii. xJf;f PLfspd;N ghJ
fhzg;gLk; msTNfhs;fspd; FiwghLfs;
iv. nghUe;j pa
xJf;fPLfs; cupa fhyj;jpy; KOikahf ngw;W f; nfhLf;fhik
khfhzj; Njitg;ghLfspy; 10 tPjj;jpw;Fk; Fiwthd kl;lj;jpy; fhzg;g Lfpd;wik. 90 tPj gq;fspg;ig ek;gpapUf;f Ntz;ba epyik msTNfhy;fs; ,d;ik. (PSDG) fhyk; fle;j msTNfhs; (CBG) 20 tUlq;fs; goikahdJ. Rw;W epUgq;fs; Clhf jilfis tpjpj;jy;. kPz;nlOk; nryT 95 tPjk;. KjyPl;Lr; nryT 50 tPjk; Fwpg;gpl;l fhyg;gFjpapy; epjp fpilf;fhik ,il eLtpy; epjpfis ntl;b tplYk; jil tpjpg;ig Vw;gLj;JjYk;. cupa Neuj;jpw;F KOikahd epjpiag; ngw;Wf;
Gjpa to fz;L g ,Uf;Fk topKiw nra;jy; khfhz -
khfhzj Njitg;g mbg;gi msTNf fl;bnaO
KOika $ba t khj;jpuk Fwpg;gply
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20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
lahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
pe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 03
;NghJs;s piyik
khw;W topfs; nghWg;G
;fspy; Lj;JtJ ;ghd uq;fisg;
;nfhs;tjw; w;rp s;s J. hyp]; jpfhuq;fs; jyikr;ru;f pd;
;Nksdk;
- me;epNahd;aj;
njspT - ru;t fl;rpg; gpujpepjpfs; rk;Nksdj;jpd; mwpf;ifia gyg;gLj;Jjy;
muR kw;Wk; khfhz rig
j; g;ghLfspy; j;jpw;Fk; hd py; ;g Lfpd;wik.
pg;ig Uf;f
a epyik fhy;fs; . (PSDG) fle;j fhs; 20 ;fs;
hdJ. pUgq;fs;
jilfis y;. Ok; nryT k;. ;Lr; nryT k; Fwpg;gpl;l Fjpapy; pilf;fhik eLtpy;
s ntl;b
; jil g ;JjYk;. Neuj;jpw;F
ahd g; ngw;Wf;
Gjpa topKiwfisf; fz;L gpbj;jy;. ,Uf;Fk; topKiwfisr; rPu; nra;jy; (muR kw;Wk; khfhz rig) -
khfhzj; Njitg;ghLfspd; mbg;gilapy; msTNfhy;fis fl;bnaOg;gy;
KOikahf toq;ff; $ba toq;fy;fis khj;jpuk; njspthff; Fwpg;gply;.
kj;jpa muR
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v. mjpfhupfs;
njhlu;gpy; Ntjdq;fs; kw;Wk; nfhLg;gdTfs; murpd; Rw;W epUgq;fspd; mbg;gilapy; eilKiwg;gLj;j Ntz;b ,Ug;gpDk; mjw;F Nkyjpf nfhLg;gdTfs; fpilg;gjpy;iy.
vi. mur kw;Wk;
khfhz rig Copau;fSf;F toq;Fk; trjpfs; kw;Wk; gq;fPLfis toq;Fk; NghJ fhzg;gLk; FiwghLfs;
nfhLf;fhik. epjp tUlj;jpw;Fs; Gjpa epakdq;fs;> nfhLg;gdTfis mjpfupj;jy; Nghd;w fhuzpfSf;fhf Nkyjpf nfhLg;gdTfs; murpdhy; ngw;W f;nfhLf;fhi k.
fld; toq;Fk; NghJ mur mjpfhupfSf;Fs;s rYiffs; khfhz mur Nrit mjpfhupfSf;F fhzg;glhik. ntspehl;L g; Gyikg; guprpy; toq;Ftjpy; fhzg;gLk; NtWghLfs;. tpkhdg; gazr; nryTfs; toq;Ftjpy; fhzg;gLk; NtWghLfs;.
tUlj;j khw;wq;f Nkyjpf ngw;Wf;n topKiw eilKi
midj;J Copau;f cupikf $ba t Njita nraw;gh Nkw;n fh
03. kdpj tsq;fs;
i. gw;whf;Fiw (tpNrl
jpwikAilNahu;)
ii. ,izj;Jf;nfhs;s> ,lkhw;wq;fs; xOf;fq;fs; njhlu;ghd gpur;rpidfs;
khfhz Nriti cUthf
04. ngsjPf tsq;fspd; gw;whf;Fiw
50 tPjkhd gw;whf;Fiwfs; fhzg;gly; ,izj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhd vy;iyfis tpjpj;jy;. mDkjpiag; ngw;Wf;nfhs;s Ntz;bapUj;jy;. Ntjdq;fisg; ngw;W f;nfhs;tjpy; cs;s gpur;rpidfs;. xOf;fq;fs; njhlu;ghd jPu;khdq;fs; jhkjg;gly;
fl;blq;fs;
tUlk; thfdq;fs;
Fwpg;gpl cgfuzq;fspd;
tPjj;jpd gw;whf;Fiw
tsq;fi kw;Wk; fhzg;gLk;
nfhLj;j tsq;fs; kpfTk;
Nkw;g hu;i gioadthf
nghUl;L fhzg;gly;.
gq;fspg
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
;fhik. Ulj;jpw;Fs; epakdq;fs;> ;gdTfis pj;jy;
pfSf;fhf pf
;gdTfs; hy;
;nfhLf;fhi
toq;Fk;
mur upfSf;Fs;s
fs;
mur
upfSf;F ;glhik. hl;L g; g; guprpy; tjpy; ;gLk; hLfs;. g; gazr; fs;
tjpy; ;gLk; hLfs;.
tUlj;jpw;Fs; Vw;gLk; khw;wq;fs; njhlu;ghf Nkyjpf nfhLg;gdTfs; ngw;Wf;nfhLf;Fk; topKiw xd;iw eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy;.
midj;J Copau;fSf;Fk; rkkhd cupikfs; fpilf;ff; $ba tifapy; Njitahd nraw;ghLfis Nkw;n fhs;sy;.
khd ;Fiwfs; ;gly; j;Jf;
jw;fhd fis y;.
piag; ;nfhs;s apUj;jy;. q;fisg;
;nfhs;tjpy;
dfs;. q;fs; ;ghd
q;fs; ;gly;
khfhz kl;lj;jpy; mur Nritia cUthf;Fjy;.
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig
;fs; q;fs; zq;fspd; ;Fiw
; fhzg;gLk; s; kpfTk; dthf ;gly;.
tUlk; NjhWk; Fwpg;gpl;lnjhU tPjj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; tsq;fisg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;. jw;NghJs;s Nkw;g hu;it nryTfspd; nghUl;L tUlhe;j gq;fspg;nghd;iwg;
kj;jpa muR
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
vdNt mtw;iw Nkw;ghu;i t nra;t jw;f hd nryTfs; mjpfupj;jy;.
ngw;Wf;n
05. ahg;G uPjpahd eltbf;iffs; njhlu;ghf njspTgLj;jy;fs; toq;F k; NghJ muRf;F rhu;ghd tpjj;jpy; njspTgLj;jy;fis toq;Fjy;.
Nffhiy itj;jparhiy murpd; fl;Lg;ghl;bw;F nfhz;Lte;j NghJ me;j re;ju;g;gj;jpy; mJ njhlu;ghf ePjpgjp toq;fpa fUj;J.
khfhz nghWg;G mjpfhup Vw;gLj;j
06. xUq;fpia epuypy;
cs;s tplaq;fis nray;gLj;Jtjpy; cs;s jilfs;.
1. jw;NghJs;s rl;luPjpahd nraw;g hl;by; fhzg;gLk; njsptpd;ikAk; ePbj;j jd;ikAk;. 2. khfhz rigfspdhy; me;j tplaq;fs; njhlu;ghf nraw;gLj;Jtjw;F Kaw;rp vLj;j NghJ mur rl;lq;fis newpg;gLj;Jk; Kaw;rpia jLj;jy;.
xUq;fpi xJf;Fj
07. khfhz rig
nraw;ghLfs; njhlu;ghf kj;jpa murpd; nfhs;if uPjpahd jPu;khdq;fSf;F gq;fspg;G ey;Ftjpy; fhzg;gLk; FiwghLfs;> gq;fspg;G ey;fhik
khfhz rig mikr;rupd; gq;fspg;G khj;jpuk;
khfhz mikr;R epiyah mq;fj;j ,izj;J
08. khfhz rigr;
rl;lq;fs; (epajpr; rl;lq;fs;) gw;wp mur mjpfhupfs; fhzg;g Lk; Vw;Wf;nfhs;shik
epajpr; rl;lq;fis Vw;W f;n fhs;shik. murpd; rl;l jpl;lq;fs; gyk; tha;e ;j it vd Vw;Wf;nfhs;sy;.
cupa m njspTg vz;zq khw;wj;i
09. Njrpa nfhs;ifapd;
mbg;gilapy; khfhz rig tplaq;fis kPz;L k; ngw;Wf;nfhs;sy;.
'ntt; jrj`hr" (Fsq;fs; Mapuk;) Njrpa ghlrhiyfs; Outreach
Njrpa n vz;z j Njrpaf; cupj;jhd msTNf mKy;gL
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
mtw;iw u;i t jw;f hd fs; pj;jy;.
ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jy;.
y parhiy ; hl;bw;F ;Lte;j me;j ;gj;jpy; mJ ;ghf ePjpgjp pa fUj;J.
khfhz rigf;F nghWg;Gf; $Wk; rl;l mjpfhup gjtp xd;iw Vw;gLj;jy;.
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig
ghJs;s pahd ;g hl;by;
;gLk;
pd;ikAk; jd;ikAk;. hz spdhy; tplaq;fs; ;ghf ;gLj;Jtjw;F
p vLj;j mur ;fis
Lj;Jk; pia y;.
xUq;fpia epuiy
kj;jpa muR> xJf;Fjy;
khfhz rig
rig ;rupd; pg;G khj;jpuk;
khfhz Kjyikr;ru; mikr;R rigapd; epiyahd mq;fj;jtuhf ,izj;Jf;nfhs;sy;.
khfhz rig> kj;jpa muR
; ;fis ;n fhs;shik.
; rl;l ;fs; gyk; ;j it vd ;nfhs;sy;.
cupa mjpfhupfis njspTgLj;jYk; vz;zq;fspyhd khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;jYk;.
kj;jpa muR. khfhz rig
; jrj`hr" ;fs; Mapuk;)
iyfs;
Njrpa nfhs;if vd;w vz;z j;i j xJf;F jy; Njrpaf; nfhs;iff;F cupj;jhd msTNfhy;fis mKy;gLj;jy;.
kj;jpa muR kw;Wk; khfhz rig.
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njr 2Mk; gbKiw tl kj;jpa khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 0
gpur;rpidfs; ;rpidfs;
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
kh
01. rl;l uPjpahf
toq;fg;gl;Ls;s mjpfhuq;fis nray;gLj;Jk; NghJ eilKiwg;gLj;Jk; NghJ Vw;gl;Ls;s gpur;rpidfs;.
khfhz nghWg;G xUti cUthf murpay rPu;jpUj xUq;fpa Fwpg;gpl fhuzpf gfpu;e;js kj;jpa mikr;R jpizf Njita khw;wpa fisj;j
02. epiwNtw;W [dhjpgjp
KiwikapD}lhf khfhz rig Kiwik nray;gLtjw;F vy;iyfis tpjpj;jy;.
epajpr; rl;lq;fisj; jahupf;f Ntz;baJk; mjw;fhf ePjpgjpapd; mDkjpiag; ngw;W f;nfhs;tjpy; fhyjhkjk;. rpy epajpr; rl;lq;fs; murpw;F gf;fr; rhu;ghf jPu;khdq;fis toq;Fjy;.
MSeu mjpfhu njspTg cl;gLj epiwNt MSeu ntspa Ntz;L cl;gLj Mizf cWg;gp epakpf;F njhlu;g msTNf jPu;khdp
03. gfpug;gl;Ls;s
mjpfhuq;fis kj;jpa murhq;fk; kPz;Lk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sy;.
nghyp]; Mizf;FOtpw;F [dhjpgjpapd; cWg;gpdu;fis epakpj;jiyj; jhkjg;gLj;jy; khfhz rig rl;lj;jpd; 15 (2) cWg;Giuapd; mbg;gilapy; [dhjpgjpf;F MSeu; %ykhf rpw;rpy epiwNtw;W mjpfhuq;fis nraw;gLj;Jtjw;F Kbe;Js;sik. cjhuzk;: tlkj;jpa khfhz fyhy; tup epajpr; rl;lj;ij nraw;gLj;Jtijj; jtpu;j;jy;. tl kj;jpa khfhz rigiaf; fisj;jy;.
fkeyr; Nritj;
gfpug;gl jpizf;fsk;>
kPz;Lk; Njrpa ghlrhiyfs;> Njrpa itj;jpahriyfs;.
khfhz ngUk;g nra;a rl;lnk cUthf
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20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
hpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 04
;NghJs;s piyik
khw;W topfs;
nghWg;G
; ;fisj; f;f ;baJk;
hf papd; jpiag; f;nfhs;tjpy; hkjk;. pajpr; ;fs; murpw;F
; rhu;ghf q;fis jy;.
khfhz rigfSf;Fg; nghWg;Gf; $Wk; ePjpgjp xUtiu cUthf;Ftjw;fhf murpay; ahg;ig rPu;jpUj;Jjy;. xUq;fpa epuypy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;l fhuzpfis kPz;Lk; gfpu;e;jspj;jy;. kj;jpa murpd; mikr;Rf;fs; kw;Wk; jpizf;fsq;fs; Njitahd mstpy; khw;wpaikj;jYk; fisj;jYk;
kj;jpa muR
p];
f;FOtpw;F pgjpapd; ;gpdu;fis ;jiyj; g;gLj;jy;
rig ;jpd; 15 (2) ;Giuapd; ilapy; pgjpf;F u; %ykhf
epiwNtw;W huq;fis ;gLj;Jtjw;F
s;sik. zk;: ;jpa khfhz ; tup epajpr; ;ij ;gLj;Jtijj; ;jy;. tl
khfhz af; j;jy;.
MSeupd; epiwNtw;W mjpfhuj;ij NkYk; njspTgLj;jp ahg;gpw;F cl;gLj;JjYk; epiwNtw;W mjpfhuk; MSeu;fspd; ngauhy; ntspaplg;gl Ntz;Lnkd rl;lj;jpw;F cl;gLj;Jjy;. Mizf;FOf;fSf;F cWg;gpdu;fis epakpf;Fk; fhyq;fs; njhlu;ghd msTNfhy;fisj; jPu;khdpj;jy;.
kj;jpa muR
r; Nritj; f;fsk;>
iyfs;>
jpahriyfs;.
gfpug;gl;l mjpfhuq;fs; kPz;Lk; ngWtjhapd; khfhz rigapy; 2/3 ngUk;ghd;ikAld; nra;a Ntz;Lnkd rl;lnkhd;iw cUthf;Fjy;.
kj;jpa muR
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04. toq;fg;gl;Ls;s epjp
mjpfhuq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;JtjpY s;s rpf;fy;
murpay cWg;Gi fhzg;gL epUthfk ghuhSk cupj;jhF cWg;Gi jpUj;jpa Ntz;Lk ifahs rl;ljpl;l cl;gLj
05. khfhz mgptpUj;jpj; NjitfSf;F NghJkhd xJf;fPLfs; fpilf;fg; ngwhik.
jpiwNrupapd; Rw;WepUgq;fs; Clhf vy;iyfis tpjpj;jy;. cjhuzk;: fld; ngWtjpYs;s vy;i yfs;.
epjp Mi flikf tpupTgL murhq;f khfhzq ,ilapy tUkhd jPu;khdj mjpfhuj %yk; n nfhLj;j
06. tUlj;jpw;Fs;
NghJkhd msT xJf;fPLfs; fpilf;fhik.
epjp Mizf; FOtpdhy; jpiwNrupf;F toq;Ffpd;w vy;i yfisg; gad;gLj;jp xJf;fPLfis khfhzq;fSf;F ,ilapy; gfpu;e;jspj;jy;. msTNfhy;fspy; fhzg;gLk; FiwghLfs; fhuzkhf Ntz;Lfpd;w xJf;fPLfs; fpilf;fg; ngwhik. mbf;fb kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpdhy; vLf;fg;gLfpd;w nfhs;if uPjpahd jPu;khdq;fs;.
mDkjpf xJf;fPL gjpyhf xJf;fPL toq;fg;g epjpg; gpu fhzg;gb mt;t Ul me;epjpi nfhLg;g eltbf;i Nkw;n fh
07. toq;fg;gl;l
tplaq;fSf;F cupj;jhd eltbf;iffs; kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpdhy; epiwNtw;wg;gly;
vjpu;ghu;j;j xJf;fPLfspy; toq;fg;gl;lit 34 tPjkhditNa. PSDG 49% MFk;.
2007 Mk; Mz;by;
khfhz 388.7 kpy;y pad;
epiwNt &gh
Ntz;Ln tbfhyikg;gpw;Fk;
,aw;Wj 71.6 kpy;ypad; &gh tptrhaj;jpw;Fk; 3.7 kpy;ypad; &gh Ntij;jpl;lq;fSf; Fk; kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpdhy;
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
rupapd; pUgq;fs;
fis y;.
k;: fld; jpYs;s
fs;.
murpayikg;gpy; 148tJ cWg;Giuapy; fhzg;gLk; 'mur epjp epUthfk; ghuhSkd;wj;Jf;F cupj;jhFk;" vd;w cWg;Giu jpUj;jpaikf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. khfhz epjpf; ifahs;if rl;ljpl;lq;fs; ahg;gpw;F cl;gLj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR
izf; dhy; rupf;F fpd;w fisg; Lj;jp PLfis
q;fSf;F py; spj;jy;. fhy;fspy; ;gLk; hLfs; khf
fpd;w PLfs; ;fg; k. b kj;jpa
;fj;jpdhy; ;gLfpd;w
f uPjpahd q;fs;.
epjp Mizf;FOtpd; flikfis tpupTgLj;jYk; kj;jpa murhq;fj;Jf;Fk; khfhzq;fSf;Fk; ,ilapy; tUkhdq;fisg; gfpUk; jPu;khdj;ij vLf;Fk; mjpfhuj;ij ahg;gpd; %yk; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
kj;jpa muR
u;j;j PLfspy; g;gl;lit khditNa. 9% MFk;.
mDkjpf;fg;gl;l xJf;fPLfSf;Fg; gjpyhf midj;J xJf;fPLfSk; toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. epjpg; gpur;rpidfs; fhzg;gbd; mt;t Ulj;j py; me;epjpia ngw;Wf; nfhLg;gjw;fhd eltbf;iffis Nkw;n fhs;sy;.
jpiwNrup
k; Mz;by; kpy;y pad;
ikg;gpw;Fk; py;ypad;
aj;jpw;Fk;
;ypad; &gh ;jpl;lq;fSf; j;jpa
;fj;jpdhy;
khfhz rigfspD}lhf epiwNtw;w g;gl Ntz;Lnkd rl;lk; ,aw;Wjy;.
jpiwNrup
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khtl;lr; nrayhsu; %yk; toq;fp epiwNtw;wpAs;s J.
08. cj;jpNahfj;ju;fspd;
gw;whf;FiwAk;> Gjpa epakdq;fis toq;FtjpYs;s jilfSk;.
gw;whf;Fiwfis eptu;j;jp nra;t jw;F kl;Lk; Gjpa epakdq;fis toq;Ftjw;Fk; Kfhikj;Jt Nritj; jpizf;fsj;jpd; mDkjp ngw Ntz;baJk;. kj;jpa muR kw;Wk; khfhz rigf;fhd Kd;dpiyg;gLj;jy; fs; ,U topfspy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gly;.
khfhz Nritapd mjpfhuq tpupTgLj
09. fzf;fha;T kw;Wk;
MSeupdhy;; tprhuiz
ntspaplg;gLk; Rw;WepUgj;ij tpl jpiwNrupapdhy; ntspaplg;gLk; Rw;WepUgq;fs; tYkpf;fit vd fzf; fha;thsu;fspd; vz;zfhFk;. kj;jpa murpdhy; khfhz rig mjpfhupfis rq;flj;jpw;Fl;gLj; Jk; tifapy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; tprhuizfs;.
khfhz xUtiuA xUtiuA
10. epjp mjpfhuq;fis gpuNjr kl;lj;jpw;F gfpu;e;jspg;gjpy; fhzg;gLk; gpur;rpidfs;.
gpuNjr nrayhsu; fhupahyaq;fspd; epUthfk; 1992 ,w;F Kd; khfhz rigapD}lhf Nkw;ghu;itf;F cl;gLj;jg;gl;lhYk; gpwF kj;j pa murpd; fzf;f ha;Tf;F cl;gl;lJ. cs;@uhl;rp kd;wq;fspd; RahjPdkhd nraw;ghLfs; fhuzkhf epjp mjpfhuq;fs; gpuNjr rigfs; Clhf nra;tjw;Fs;s f~;lq;fs;.
gpNjr nr fhupahya nrayhs fz;fhz cl;gLj;j
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20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
; su; %yk;
w;wpAs;s J.
iwfis p w;F kl;Lk;
;fis jw;Fk; j;Jt ; ;fsj;jpd; p ngw Jk;. muR khfhz hd
yg;gLj;jy; topfspy; s;sg;gly;.
khfhz mur Nritapd; mjpfhuq;fis tpupTgLj;jy;.
kj;jpa muR
pdhy;; lg;gLk; gj;ij
upapdhy; lg;gLk; gq;fs; ;fit vd
u;fspd; hFk;. murpdhy;
rig pfis ;jpw;Fl;gLj;
fapy; s;sg;gLk; zfs;.
khfhz ePjpgjp xUtiuAk;> xk;Gl;];kd; xUtiuAk; epakpj;jy;.
kj;jpa muR
rayhsu; q;fspd;
; 1992
; khfhz lhf tf;F g;gl;lhYk; ;j pa murpd;
;Tf;F . ;rp pd; hd
fs;
epjp ;fs; gpuNjr Clhf ;Fs;s
;.
gpNjr nrayhsu; fhupahyak; gpujk nrayhsupd; Neub fz;fhzpg;gpw;F cl;gLj;jg;gly;.
mur epUthf mikr;R.
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njr 2Mk; gbKiw Cth khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 01
gpur;rpid;rpid
jw;NghJs;s ;s epiyik
khw
01. Xuplj;jpy;
Ftpf;fg;gl;Ls;s mjpfhuq;fisg; gfpu;tjw;F tpUg;gkpd;ik my;yJ vz;zkpd;ik.
13tJ m rPu;jpUj;j nraw;gh nfhz;L
02. mwtplg;gLk; tup
njhlu;ghf epjp Mizf;FOtpw;Nfh khfhz rigf;Nfh mjpfhukpd;ik.
mjpfhuj;ijg; gfpu;tjw;F tpUg;gkpd;ik.
Fiw t khfhzq Njrpa n epjpapypU tPjj;jpy nfhLj;j Mizf khfhz ,ijr; n
03. ,uz;L jrhg;jq;fshf
khfhz rigfs; nraw;gl;lhYk; mjpfhug; gfpu;T njhlu;ghf kj;jpa murpd; jiyikf;F murpay; mjp~;lhdk; ,d;ik.
mwtplg;gLfpd;w tupfs; gfpu;e;jspg;gJ njhlu;ghf epjp Mizf; FOTf;F mjpfhukpd;ik.
njspT mur ji ,jw;fhf
04. khfhz rigf;Fs;
,Uf;Fk; rpW ,df; FOf;fspd; mgpyhi~fis cupa Kiwapy; eilKiwg;gLj;j KbahJs;sik.
murpw;F mjpfhug; gfpu;T njhlu;ghd mjp~;lhdk; ,d;ik
kpfTk; FiwT. toq;Fk
Njrpa gpujpepjpj kw;Wk; N mbg;gi gfpu;e;js vLj;jy;.
05. NkypUe;J fPohd
nray;jpl;lk; jahupf;Fk; njhlu;r;rpahd gbKiw cjhuzk;: tuT nryTj; jpl;lj; jahupg;G> fk neFk> kf neFk Nghd;w ntspehl;L epjpAjtpapd; %yk; nraw;gLj;Jk; nraw;jpl;lq;fs; eilKiwg;gLj;JtJ ,d;Wk; NkypUe;J fPNohfNt.
,ij ehk; Vw;Wf;
muR kh nfhs;s khl;Nlhk;.
kw;Wk; c kd;w fye;Ji Clhf cld;g h
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ufs; ,yf;fk; - 01
;NghJs;s ;s piyik
khw;W topfs; nghWg;G
uj;ijg;
w;F kpd;ik.
13tJ murpayikg;G rPu;jpUj;jj;ij nraw;ghl;Lf;Ff; nfhz;L tuy;.
[dehaf murpay; fl;rpfSf;Fs; fye;Jiuahly; kw;Wk; ,zf;fg;ghLfs; Clhf eilKiwg;gLj;jy;.
g;gLfpd;w ;
spg;gJ ;ghf epjp
f; FOTf;F ukpd;ik.
Fiw tpUj;jp khfhzq;fSf;fhf Njrpa nkhj;j tup epjpapypUe;J rhjhuz tPjj;jpy; ngw;W f; nfhLj;jy; epjp Mizf;FO kw;Wk; khfhz rig $l;lhf ,ijr; nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
khfhz rigfs; epjp Mizf;FO kw;Wk; muR
;F mjpfhug; njhlu;ghd ;lhdk;
njspT ngwy; Clhf mur jiyikj;Jtj;ij ,jw;fhf topelj;jy;
ehl;bd; murpay; fl;rpfs; rptpy; mikg;Gf;fs;
; FiwT. toq;Fk; xJf;fPLfs;
Njrpa gpujpepjpj;Jtj;Jf;Fk; kw;Wk; Njitg;ghLfspd; mbg;gilapy; gfpu;e;jspf;f eltbf;if vLj;jy;.
khfhz rigapy; mq;fj;Jtk; ngWk; midj;J murpay; fl;rpfSk;
ehk; Vw;Wf;
muR khfhz rig khl;Nlhk;.
kw;Wk; cs;@uhl;rp kd;w fye;Jiuahly;fs; Clhf cld;g hLfSf;F tuy;.
murhq;fk; / khfhz rig
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06. nghJr; Nrit Kf;fpa
tplaq;fis kj;jpa murpd; fl;Lg;ghl;by; itj;jpUg;gNjhL mgptpUj;jpr; nraw;ghl;bd; ,Wjpg; gyd;fs; njhlu;ghf nghWg;Gf; $Wgtu;fs; ahnud;gJ gw;wp njspthff; Fwpg;gplg;glhik.
nghWg;G gpupTfS toq;fg
07. Ra [PtNdhghak; njhlu;ghd jPu;khdq;fspd; NghJ gpui[fspd; fUj;J f;fSf;F ,lkpd;i k.
nghJr; Nritfspd; Kf;fpakhd gpupit kj;jpa muR itj;Js;sJ. ,Wjp nghWg;Gf; $Wgtu;fs; ahnud cWjpahff; $wg;gltpy;iy.
- gpui[f mikg;G rf;jpkpf eltbf;i Nkw;n fh
08. khfhz rigapd; fPo;f; fhzg;gl;l mur epUthfk; kw;Wk; fkeyr; Nritfs; tplag; gug;ig kPz;Lk; khfhz rigf;Fs; cs;slf;Fjy;.
kPz;Lk; epUthf xg;gilj
09. mur Nrit
epakdq;fs;> ,lkhw;wk; kw;W k; gjtp cau;T njhlu;ghf kj;jpa murpw;Fk;> khfhz rigf;Fk; ,ilapy; khWgl;l fUj;J f;fs; epyTjy;.
,t;tjpfhuq;fs; xJf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
khfhz gjtpfs KO mj khfhz toq;fg
10. Njrpa ghlrhiyfs;
kw;W k;> Njrpa itj;jparhiyfspd; epUthfj;ij kPz;Lk; khfhz rig tplaj;jpDs; cl;gLj;Jjy;.
,J gpur;r pidf;Fupa fhuzpahff; fhzg;gLfpwJ.
khfhz rf;jpkpf Mf;Ftj ,t;tjpf kPz;Lk; rigfS toq;Ft eltbf;i Kw;WKO toq;Fj
11. gazpfs;
Nghf;Ftuj;Jj; njhlu;gpy; kj;jpa murpw;Fk; khfhz rigf;Fk; ,ilapy; fhzg;gLk; gpzf;Ffisj; jPu;j;jy;.
jw;NghJ khfhz rigfSf;F ,y;iy.
nfhs;i mjpfhuq khfhz rk cup toq;Fj
12. khfhz rigf;Fs;
jkJ gpujpepjpfs; ,y;yhj epyg;gug;gpy; thOk; kf;fspdJk; Fyg;gz;ikj;JKila
gazpfs; Nghf;Ftuj;Jj; njhlu;ghd mjpfhuq;fs; gazpfs; Nghf;Ftuj;J Mizf;FOthy; epUtfpf;fg;gLfpw J.
khfhz rigf;Fs;
Kf;fpak jdJ
,dq;fz gpujpepjpj;Jtk;
mgpyhi ,y;yhj kf;fs;
nra;tj FO kw;Wk; Fyg;
Ntiyj
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
; fspd; khd
kj;jpa
s;sJ. nghWg;Gf; u;fs;
pahff; ltpy;iy.
nghWg;Gf;fs; mt;tg; gpupTfSf;F cWjpahf toq;fg;gLk;.
muR / kfhz rig
gpui[fs; mikg;Gf;fis rf;jpkpf;fjhf;Ftjw;fhd eltbf;iffis Nkw;n fhs;sy;.
murhq;fk; / khfhz rig
pfhuq;fs;
kPz;Lk; khfhz rig g;gl;Ls;sd.
epUthfj;jpw;F xg;gilj;jy;
murhq;fk; / khfhz rig
df;Fupa pahff; ;gLfpwJ.
khfhz rig tpNrl gjtpfs; njhlu;ghf KO mjpfhuKk; khfhz rigfSf;F toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
murhq;fk;
J khfhz Sf;F
.
khfhz mjpfhuj;ijr; rf;jpkpf;fjhf Mf;Ftjw;fhf ,t;tjpfhuq;fis kPz;Lk; khfhz rigfSf;F toq;Ftjpy; epjp eltbf;iffis Kw;WKOjhf toq;Fjy;.
murhq;fk;.
fs;
tuj;Jj; ;ghd uq;fs; fs;
tuj;J f;FOthy; pf;fg;gLfpw
nfhs;ifj; jPu;khd mjpfhuq;fs; njhlu;ghf khfhz rigfSf;F rk cupikfs; toq;Fjy;.
mur Nghf;Ftuj;J mikr;R> kfhz Nghf;Ftuj;J mikr;R
rigf;Fs;
pjpj;Jtk;
j kf;fs; w;Wk; Fyg;
Kf;fpakhd Njitfis ,dq;fz;L mtu;fspd; mgpyhirfis g+u;j;jp nra;tjw;fhf Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fis
khfhz rig /murpay; fl;rpfs;
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FOf;fspd; nghUshjhu kw;Wk; r%f mgptpUj;jpapd; nghUl;L Njitahd eltbf;iffis vLj;jy;.
eilKi
13. khfhzj;jpw;Nf cupa
nghUshjhu kw;Wk; fyhrhu tsq;fs; njhlu;ghf juTfisr; Nrfupf;fpd;w> Ma;Tfs; nra;fpd;w cupa nraw;jpl;lq;fs; Clhf gpujpgyd;kpf;f epWtdf; fl;likg;ig fl;bnaOg;Gjy;.
gd;ikj;Jtk; cs;s FOf;fspd; nghUshjhu kw;Wk; r%f Kd;N dw;w j;jpw;fhf cs;s mjpfhuq;fs; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd; wd.
kpf tpi epWtdq mikj;j tpiuth nraw;gh cl;gLj
14. Njrpaf; nfhs;if
vd;w vz;zk; rupahd nghUs;gl $wg;gl;bUf; fhik.
khfhzj;jpw;F jdpj;Jtkhd nghUshjhu> fyhr;rhu tsq;fs; njhlu;ghf jfty;fis jpul;ly;> Ma;Tfs; elj;jy; kw;Wk; cupa epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fs; %yk; gad;ngwf;$ba epUthf topKiwfis mikj;jy;.
Njrpa n kPz;Lk; ahg;Gr; toq;fg mjpfhuq Kiwapy Ntz;Lk
15. 13tJ murpay;
mikg;G rPu;jpUj;jj;jpy; toq;fg;gl;l mjpfhuq;fis kPz;Lk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjd; %yk; khfhz rigfs; Kiwik gpur;rpidf;Fupa fhuzpahjy;.
Njrpa nfhs;if vd;w vz;zk; rupahd mu;j ;jj;ij khfhz rig mikj;jjd; gpd; NtWgl Ntz;Lk;.
kpf tpi rigf;F RthjPdk nray;gL gpd;dz
16. khfhz
rigfSf;fpilNa fhzg;gLk; Vw;wj;jho;Tfisf; Fiwg;gjw;fhd fl;likg;ig Vw;gLj;Jjy;.
13tJ murpay; ahg;Gr; rPu;jpUj;jj;jpy; ngw;W f;nfhLj;j mjpfhuq;fs; kPz;Lk; RtPfupj;jy; %yk; khfhz rig Kiw kpFe;j gpur;r pidf;Fupa epyikia Vw;gLj;jpAs;sJ.
khfhz rigf;F
mt;thw ,ilNa
fl;bnaO fhzg;gLk;
mj;j pah Vw;wj;jho;Tfis Fiwg;gjw;fhd fl;likg;ig tpiuthf mKYf;Fl;gLj;jy; .
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
j;Jtk;
FOf;fspd; hjhu ; r%f w;w j;jpw;fhf
uq;fs; Lj;jg;gLfpd;
eilKiwg;gLj;jy;
j;jpw;F tkhd hjhu> hu tsq;fs; ;ghf ;fis
;> Ma;Tfs;
; kw;Wk; epfo;r;rpj; ;fs; %yk; gwf;$ba f
wfis ;jy;.
kpf tpiuthf epWtdq;fis mikj;jYk; kw;Wk; tpiuthf nraw;ghl;Lf;F cl;gLj;jy;
khfhz rig
nfhs;if vz;zk;
j;ij
rig ;jjd; gpd; l Ntz;Lk;.
Njrpa nfhs;if kPz;Lk; 13tJ murpay; ahg;Gr; rPu;jpUj;jj;jpy; toq;fg;gl;l mjpfhuq;fs; rupahd Kiwapy; mikf;f Ntz;Lk;.
murhq;fk; kw;Wk; khfhzrig
murpay; ; j;jj;jpy; f;nfhLj;j
uq;fs;
; j;jy; %yk;
rig kpFe;j
df;Fupa ia ;jpAs;sJ.
kpf tpiuthf khfhz rigf;F mjpfhuq;fis RthjPdkhf nray;gLj;jf; $ba gpd;dzpia mikj;jy;.
ghuhSkd;wk; kw;Wk; [dhjpgjp mtu;fs;
rigf;F a ;gLk;
ho;Tfis ;gjw;fhd kg;ig
hf f;Fl;gLj;jy;
mt;thwhd fl;likg;ig fl;bnaOg;GtJ mj;j pahtrpakhFk;.
ghuhSkd;wk;.
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa 2Mk; gbKiw Cth khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 02
gpur;rpid
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
kh
01. Njrpaf; nfhs;if
vd;w vz;zk; rupahd nghUs;gl $wg;gl;bUf;fhik.
njspthd
xd;wpiz nghUspy;y hik
Njrpaf mwptpj;j
02. nkhopf; nfhs;ifia
eilKiwf;Ff; nfhz;Ltu ,ayhik.
nfhs;if gpur;r pidf;Fupajh f cs;sJ.
fy;tpf; cs;sl FWfpa jPu;Tfi ngw;Wf;n
03. 154c cWg;Giuapd;
fPo; mikr;ru; Ie;J Ngiu epakpf;Fk; vy;iy mij tpl mjpfupf;fg;gl Ntz;L k;.
eilKiwapYs;s epiyik epfo;fhyj;jpy; nghUj;jkw;wJ.
mikr;r mjpfupj ahg;Gf;F tplaq;f epWj;jg
04. cs;@uhl;rp kd;w
Kf;fpa];ju;fs;> khfhz rigf;Fk;> khfhz rig Kf;f pa];ju;f s; ghuhSkd;wj;Jf;Fk; cs;thq;Ftjw;fhd rl;lq;fis epiwNtw;Wjy;.
jw;Nghijf;F
gpujpepj ,y;iy.
Vw;gLj;J rPu;j pUj;j
05. kj;j pa murpd;
mjpfhuq;fs;> khfhz rigfspd; mjpfhuq;f s; kw;W k; cs;@uhl;rp kd;wq;fspd; mjpfhuq;fs; njhlu;ghf Fwpg;gpl;l gl;bay; jahupj;jy;.
gpur;r pidf;FupaJ njspth
ml;l ti jahupj;j
06. 154x>154X> 154V>154e1
cWg;Giufs; njhlu;ghd kPs; jpUj;jr; rl;lq;fs; nfhz;L tUtjw;fhd eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
mjpfhug; gfpu;T njhlu;ghd ek;gpf;if ,d;ik (RahjPdj; jd;ik ,d;ik)
nghUj;j rPu;jpUj;j RahjPd Ngzf;
07. fq;iffSf;F
mUfhikapy; kzy; mfo;T > ePu; njhlu;g hd nraw;jpl;lq;f isr; nraw;gLj;Jk; NghJ khfhz rigfSf;fpilapYk;> khfhz rigf;Fk; -
gpur;rpidf;FupaJ. kj;jpa
kw;Wk; k rigf;f Gupe;Jz Vw;gLj;j
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20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
lahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ufs; ,yf;fk; - 02
;NghJs;s piyik
khw;W tW topfs; nghWg;G
hd
xd;wpizaf; $ba py;y hik
Njrpaf; nfhs;ifia mwptpj;jy;
ghuhSkd;w k; kw;Wk; khfhz rig
;if
df;Fupajh ;sJ.
fy;tpf; nfhs;iff;F cs;slf;fg;gly; - FWfpa fhyj; jPu;Tfisg; ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jy;.
kj;jpa murhq;fk; kw;Wk; khfhz rig
iwapYs;s
k hyj;jpy;
;jkw;wJ.
mikr;r uit 7Mf mjpfupj;jYk; - ahg;Gf;Fl;gLj;jYk; tplaq;fisg; gpupj;jYk; epWj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
ahg;G jahupg;G
ijf;F
gpujpepjpj;Jtj;ij .
Vw;gLj;Jtjw;f hf ahg;G rPu;j pUj;jq;f s;
ahg;G jahupg;G
df;FupaJ njspthd nghWg;G
ml;l tiziaj; jahupj;jy;
kj;jpa murhq;fk; kfhz rig cl;gl;l FO (midj;J murpay; fl;rpfspd; gq;Fgw;wYld;)
ug; gfpu;T ;ghd ;if ,d;ik Pdj; jd;ik k)
nghUj;jkhd tpjj;jpy; rPu;jpUj;j Ntz;Lk;. RahjPdj; jd;ikiag; Ngzf; $ba FO
ahg;G jahupg;G
df;FupaJ. kj;jpa murhq;fk;
kw;Wk; khfhz rigf;fpilapy; Gupe;Jzu;T xd;iw Vw;gLj;jpf;nfhs;sy;.
kj;jpa murhq;fk; kw;Wk; khfhz rig.
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kj;jpa muRf;F ,ilapYk; mjpfhuq;fisr; nraw;gLj;JtJ njhlu;ghf gpzf;Ffs; Vw;gly;.
08. mur Nritfs;
epakdq;fs;> ,lkhw;wk; kw;W k; gjtp cau;T njhlu;ghf kj;jpa murpw;Fk;> khfhz rigf;Fk; ,ilapy; khWgl;l fUj;J f;fs; epyTjy;.
fye;Ji ,zf;fj Vw;gLj;j Ntz;Lk
09. khfhz rigf;Fs;
jkJ gpujpepjpfs; ,y;yhj epyg;gug;gpy; thOk; kf;fspdJk; Fyg;gz;ikj;JtKil a nghUshjhu FOf;fspd;
kw;Wk; r%f mgptpUj;jpapd; nghUl;L Njitahd eltbf;iffis vLj;jy;.
vjpu; fUj;Jf;fs; cs;sd.
khw;W K mwpKfg
10. tpNrl jpwikfis
kj;j pa murpd; fl;Lg;ghl;by; itj;jpUg;gJ khfhz rigia gyg;gLj;Jtjw;Fs;s xU jilahFk;.
jw;Nghijf;F gpujpepjpj;Jtk; ,y;iy.
kj;jpa epahakh gfpu;jy; jpwikf ngw;Wf;n Vw;ghLf
11. kj;j pa murpd; epUthf
Nritr; rigapd; Clhf khfhz rigf;Fupa gjtpfs; njhlu;ghf mDkjpia toq;fhik.
,e; epiyik cs;sJ.
kj;jpa epUthf gpuptpy; Kiwapy
12. khfhz rigfSf;F
toq;fg;gLk; mjpfhuq;fis kpQ;Rk; tifapy; ntspthup mgptpUj;jpfis ,ilepWj;Jjy;.
,e; epiyik mjpfk; ghjpg;ig Vw;gLj;jpAs;sJ.
mt;t hW nra;ahj jw;Nghi epyiki
13. khfhz
rigfSf;fpilNa fhzg;gLk; Vw;wj;jho;Tfisf; Fiwg;gjw;fhd fl;likg;ig Vw;gLj;Jjy;.
,e; epiyik cs;sJ
,e;epyik
Vw;wj; j cs;sJ.
,y;yhk
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20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
Uj;Jf;fs;
fye;Jiuahb d.
,zf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jpf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa murhq;fk; kw;Wk; khfhz rig
ijf;F jpj;Jtk;
.
khw;W Kiw xd;iw
murpay; mikg;G mwpKfg;gLj;jy;
iyik
kj;jpa murhq;fk; J.
epahakhd Kiwapy; gfpu;jy; kw;Wk; tpNrl jpwikfisg; ngw;Wf;nfhLf;f Vw;ghLfis nra;jy;
kj;jpa murhq;fk;
iyik
; ghjpg;ig ;jpAs;sJ.
kj;jpa murhq;f epUthfr; Nritg; gpuptpy; Neu;ikahd Kiwapy; nray;gLjy;
kj;jpa murhq;fk;
iyik
mt;t hW J
nra;ahjpUg;gJ kw;Wk; jw;Nghijf;F epyikia khw;Wjy;
kj;jpa murhq;fk;
ik
Vw;wj; jho;Tfis
kj;jpa murhq;fk; J.
,y;yhky; nra;jy;.
Vw;gLj;Jk; FOtpd; %ykhf
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njr 2Mk; gbKiw Cth khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 03
gpur;rpid
jw;NghJs;s
epiyik kh
01. kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd;
mur mjpfhupfSld; xg;gpLifapy; khfhz rig mur mjpfhupfis Fiwkjpg;gPL nra;jy;.
Mk; ,J kh
02. xNu tplaj;ij kj;jpa
murhq;fKk; khfhz murhq;fKk; eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy; (,ul;ilr; nraw;ghL)
Mk; ,t;tpla
Muhag nghWg;G
03. khfhz rig
Kiwf;Fs;Sk; rpy tplaq;fs; ,ul;ilr; nraw;ghl;bw;F cl;gLj;jg;gl;bUj;jy;.
Mk; ,t;tpla
Muhag nghWg;G
04. mjpfhug; gfpu;T
njhlu;ghd rl;lq;fis nraw;gLj;Jtjw;F kj;j pa murpd; mjpfhupfs; vjpu;g;Gj; njuptpj;jy;.
Mk; Njrpa
khfhz jiyap fhzy;
05. Njrpa ghlrhiy fs;
kw;Wk; Njrpa itj;jpa rhiyfspd; epUthfj;ij kPz;Lk; khfhz rig tplaj;jpDs; cs;slf;Fjy;.
Mk; khfhz
nghWg;G
06. gazpfs;
Nghf;Ftuj;Jj; njhlu;gpy; kj;jpa murpw;Fk; khfhz rigf;Fk; ,ilapy; fhzg;gLk; gpzf;Ffisj; jPu;j;jy;.
Mk; khfhz
nghWg;G
07. khfhz rigfshy;
Nrfupf;fg;gLk; tup epjpfs; cl;gl ed;nfhilfs;
Mk; mt;tg;N gdTfs nfhLj;j
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20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ufs; ,yf;fk; - 03
;NghJs;s piyik khw;W topfs;
nghWg;G
,J khw Ntz;L k; khfhz mikr;R
nfhOk;G
,t;tplak; Mokhf Muhag;gl;L xUtUf;Fg; nghWg;Gf; nfhLj;jy;
khfhz mikr;R nfhOk;G
,t;tplak; Mokhf Muhag;gl;L xUtUf;Fg; nghWg;Gf; nfhLj;jy;
khfhz rig gpujhd nrayhsu;
Njrpa kl;lj;jpy; khfhz mikr;R jiyapl;Lj; jPu;T fhzy;
khfhz mikr;R nfhOk;G
khfhz rigfSf;Fg;
khfhz mikr;R nghWg;Gf; nfhLj;jy;
nfhOk;G fy;tp mikr;R
khfhz rigfSf;Fg;
khfhz mikr;R nghWg;Gf; nfhLj;jy;
nfhOk;G Nghf;Ftuj;J mikr;R
mt;tg;NghJ nfhLg; gdTfs; jhkjpahJ nfhLj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
khfhz rig epjp nrayhsu;
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cs;@uhl;rp kd;wq;fSf;F toq;Fjiyj; jhkjpj;jy; jtpu;f;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. khfhz kl;l mgptpUj;jp apd; NghJ cs;@uhl;rp kd;wq;fSf;F Njitahd xj;Jiog;Gf;fs; cupa Kiwapy; toq;fg;gLjy;.
08. 13tJ murpay;
mikg;G rPu;jpUj;jj;jpy; toq;fg;gl;l mjpfhuq; fis kPz;Lk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjd; %yk; khfhz rigfs; Kiwik gpur;r pidf; Fupa fhuzpahjy;.
Mk; 13tJ m
cs;st mjpfhuq Kiwapy
09. kj;jpa murpypUe;J
khfhz rigf;Fk;> khfhz rigapypUe;J kj;jpa muRf;Fk; xUq;fpa epuypD}lhf ,lk;ngw Ntz;baJ ,tw;Wf;fpilNa rkkhd mjpfhuq;fis cUthf;FtNjahFk;. MapDk;> ,yq;i fapy; fle;j 20 tUlq;fshf ,lk;ngw;wJ vd;d ntdpy; khfhz rig mjpfhug; gfpu;tpw;Fg; gjpyhf toq;fg;gl;l mjpfhuq;fisAk;> kPz;Lk; kj;jpa mu rpw;F ngw;Wf; nfhz;l ikNaahFk;. mjpfhug; gfpu;T nra;j ,e;jpah cl;gl Vida ehL fspd; vz;zq;fspd; gb xUq;fpa epuy; mgptpUj;jp miltNj ahFk;. ,J ,yq;if f;F cl;gLj;jpf; nfhs;tJ vt;thW?
Mk; ,J Kf;fpak; ,ja R
mjpfhug nra;tJ cjtpi ngw;Wf;n
10. MSeupd; ghj;jpuk; njhlu;ghf kPz;Lk; tpku;rpj;Jg; ghu;j;jy;.
Mk; khfhz
mjpf ];Nefg nghWg;G nraw;gl
11. nkhopf; nfhs;ifia
khfhz rigf;Fs; kpFe;j murpay; mjp~;lhdj;Jld; nray;gLj;Jjy;.
Mk; rfy ,
Vw;wthW nkhopi nkhopah mKy;gL
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
13tJ murpayikg;gpy; cs;sthW mjpfhuq;fis rupahd Kiwapy; gfpu;e;jspj;jy;
Njrpa murhq;fk; [dhjpgjp
J Kf;fpak; ,ja Rj;jpAld;
mjpfhug; gutyhf;fy; nra;tJ cr;r ePjpkd;w cjtpiag; ngw;Wf;nfhs;sy;
ghuhSkd;wk; [dhjpgjp
khfhz rigfSld; mjpf ];Nefg+u;tkhfTk; nghWg;GlDk; nraw;gly;
[dhjpgjp - Kjyikr;ru; - kfhzrig cWg;gpdu;fs;
rfy ,dq;fSf;Fk; Vw;wthW jkpo; nkhopia mur fUk nkhopahf mKy;gLj;jy;
murhq;fk;
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12. ntspehl;L
ed;nfhilfis Neubahf khfhz rigfs; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sf; $ba Mw;wiy xg;gilj;jy;.
,y;iy. gpuhe;jpa
khfhz ed;nfhi fpilf;f
13. khfhz rig rl;lk;
kw;Wk; rkhjhdk; njhlu;ghd mikr;ir kj;j pa murpd; mikr;rpw;F rkkhfg; gyg;gLj;Jjy;.
,y;iy mjpfhug
14. khfhz rigapy;
fhzg;gLk; gy;NtW tsq;fs; khfhzj;jpd; ed;ik fUjp gad;gLj;jp Kbahj tifapy; kj;jpa murpdhy; tpjpf;fg;gl;Ls;s rl;lq;fis mfw;Wjy;.
Mk; khfhz
mjpf m toq;Ft
15. khfhz rigfspd;
Kjyikr;ru;fspd; kw;Wk; rk;Nksdq;fspy; tUlhe;jk; Nkw;nfhs;Sk; jPu;khdq;fis nraw;gLj;Jjy; kw;Wk; rhuhk;rg;gLj;Jjy; njhlu;ghf mjpfhuf; fl;likg;nghd;iw Vw;gLj;Jjy;.
Mk; ,J rl mikg;g Ntz;Lk
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
. gpuhe;jpa kl;lj;jpy; -
khfhz kl;lj;jpy; ed;nfhilfs; Neubahf fpilf;f top tFj;jy;
murhq;fk; epjp mikr;R
mjpfhug; gutyhf;fy; kj;jpa murhq;fk;
khfhz rigfSf;F mjpf mjpfhuq;f s; toq;FtJld;
[dhjpgjp kj;jpa murhq;fk;
,J rl;luPjpahd mikg;ghf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
[dhjpgjp kj;jpa murhq;fk;
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa 2Mk; gbKiw Cth khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 04
gpur;rpid
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
khw
01. khfhzj;jpd;
cl;fl;likg;G trjpfis mjpfupg;gjw;F epjp xJf;fPLfs; fpilf;fhik.
re;Njhrkilaf;
khfhzj $baJ
toq;fg;g tplq;fS mikr;R nra;ag;g nryTfs khfhz ngw;Wf;
02. nfhs;if> jpl;lkply;
kw;W k; tuT nryT jahupg;G Nghd;w tplaq;fs; ntt;NtW gpupTfshfr; nraw;gly;> md;whl nryTfs;> KjyPl;Lr; nryTfs; ntt;Ntwhf eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy;.
epjp Mizf;FO mq;fpuhj;jpw; Nfw;g nfhz;Lr; nry;y y;
khfhzr tpUg;gjp nray;gL re;jh;g;gg nfhLf;f
03. khfhz uPjpahd
Nritfis toq;Fk; NghJ jdpahu; Jiw cw;gj;jpfSf;F mjpf ftdk; nrYj;jhik.
nraw;g Lj;jpa jpl;lq;fis tFj;J mDkjp kw;Wk; epjp trjpfis ngw;W f; nfhLj;jy;
khfhz Kd;itf jpl;lq;fs mDkjpi nfhLj;j
04. epjp Mizf;FOtpd; nraw;ghLfs; njhlu;ghf xt;nthU khfhz rigapypUe;Jk; gpujpepjp xUtiu ,izg;gjpfhupahf epakpj;jy;.
jw;Nghijf;F epjp Mizf;FOtpd; mOj;jk; ,Uj;jy;
mt;t hwh mOj;jq topelj;j mq;fpfhu nfhLj;j
05. khfhz rigfshy;
Nrfupf;fg;gLk; tup epjpfs; cl;gl ed; nfhilfs; cs;@uhl;rp kd;wq;fSf;F toq;Fjiyj; jhkjpj;jy; jtpu;f;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. khfhz kl;l mgptpUj;jpapd; NghJ cs;@uhl;rp kd;wq;fSf;F Njitahd
jw;Nghijf;Fk; jhkjj;Jld; nraw;gly;
jhkjkpd nfhLf;
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
lahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ufs; ,yf;fk; - 04
;NghJs;s piyik
khw;W topfs; nghWg;G
rkilaf; khfhzj;jpw;F
toq;fg;gl;l tplq;fSf;fhf NtW mikr;Rfs; %yk; nra;ag;gLfpd;w nryTfs; jil nra;J khfhz rigf;F epjp ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;
kj;jpa murpd; epjp mikr;rh;
izf;FO hj;jpw; nfhz;Lr;
;
khfhzrigapd; tpUg;gjpw;Nfw;g nray;gLtjw;F re;jh;g;ggk; ngw;Wf; nfhLf;f Ntz;L k;.
kj;jpa murpd; khfhz rig kw;Wk; cs;Suhl;rp mikr;R
Lj;jpa ;fis
mDkjp epjp is
; ;jy;
khfhz rig %yk; Kd;itf;fg;gl;l jpl;lq;fs; jhkjkpd;wp mDkjpia ngw;W f; nfhLj;jy;
kj;jpa murpd; mikr;R FO
ijf;F epjp f;FOtpd; k; ,Uj;jy;
mt;t hwhd mOj;jq;fis mikr;rh; topelj;jYk;> mq;fpfhuk; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jYk;
epjp Mizf;FO
ijf;Fk;
;Jld; ly;
jhkjkpd;wp ngw;Wf;
khfhz rig> epjp nfhLf; Ntz;L k;
mikr;R
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xj;Jiog;Gf;fs; cupa Kiwapy; toq;fg;gLjy;.
06. khfhzj;jpw;Nf cupa
nghUshjhu kw;Wk; fyhrhu tsq;fs; njhlu;ghf juTfisr; Nrfupf;fpd;w> Ma;Tfs; nra;fpd;w nraw;jpl;lq;fs; cupa
Clhf gpujpgyd;kpf;f epWtdf; fl;likg;ig fl;bnaOg;Gjy;.
mj;j pat jahhpf;f
07. mwtplg;gLfpd;w
tupfis gfpu;tJ njhlu;ghf epjp Mizf;FOtpw;Nfh khfhz rigf;Nfh mjpfhukpd;i k.
jw;Nghijf;F ,y;iy
Fwpg;ghdjy;y Fwpg;ghd
08. tUlhe;j xJf;fPLfs;
cupa Kiwapy;> cupa fhy ml;ltizf;F mikthf khfhz rigf;F ngw;W f; nfhLj;jy;.
jw;Nghijf;F
ml;lti ,y;iy
y; epjp Neuj;jpw Ntz;Lk
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ijf;F mj;j patrpakhdJ>
gpujhd nrayhsh; jahhpf;f Ntz;Lk;.
hdjy;y Fwpg;ghdjy;y Fwpg;ghdjy;y
ijf;F ml;ltizapdbg;gilap
y; epjp rupahd Neuj;jpw;F toq;f Ntz;Lk;.
epjp Mizf;FO
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa 2Mk; gbKiw tlNky; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 01
gpur;rpid
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
khw
01. Xuplj;jpy;
Ftpf;fg;gl;Ls;s mjpfhuq;fisg; gfpu;tjw;F tpUg;gkpd;ik my;yJ vz;zkpd;ik.
13tJ murpay; mikg;G rPu;jpUj;jj;jpy; toq;fg;gl;Ls;s mjpfhuq;fis Ml;rpf;F te;j ve;jnthU muRk; ,Jtiu toq;Ftjw;F eltbf;i f vLf;fhik. epjp tsq;fis NghJkhd msT ngw;W f; nfhLf;fhik. fl;rp murpaypy; Njitahd re;ju;g;gq;fis ngw;W j; juhik. ghuhSkd;w rl;lq;fs; %yk; mjpfhuq;fis kPz;Lk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s y;.
vk;kplK tplaq;f nraw;gL epajpr; r jahupj;j khfhzj kj;j pa m epjpapypU Fwpg;gpl;l ngw;Wj; midj;J rigfS jkJ m fl;rpfi njspTg cld;g h tUtJk
02. mwtplg;gLk; tup
njhlu;ghf epjp Mizf;FOtpw;Nfh khfhz rigf;Nfh mjpfhukpd;ik.
mwtplg;gLk; tup msT kw;Wk; Njitg;ghl;bd; mbg;gilapy; my;yhJ NtW tplaq;fSf;F epjpiag; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
tupfspy Fwpg;gpl; toq;Fj
03. ,uz;L jrhg;jq;fshf
khfhz rigfs; nraw;gl;lhYk; mjpfhug; gfpu;T njhlu;ghf kj;jpa murpd; jiyikf;F murpay; mjp~;lhdk; ,d;ik.
ru;tNjr mOj;jj;jpd; fhuzkhf mur fl;rp kw;Wk; vjpu;f;fl;rp cl;gl fl;rpfspd; jiyikj;Jtq;fs; 13tJ murpay; ahg;gpw;F cld;gl;Ls;sdu;.
khfhz tYg;gL Njita uPjpahd xJf;fPL nray;K jahupg;g xUq;fpi fhzg;gL Njita khfhz cs;slf Ntz;LN tpLj;jy
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20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
lahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
iufs; ,yf;fk; - 01
;NghJs;s piyik
khw;W tW topfs; nghWg;G
murpay; ;G j;jj;jpy;
g;gl;Ls;s uq;fis ;F te;j
hU muRk; u tjw;F f;i f ik. sq;fis hd msT
; ;fhik.
urpaypy; ahd ;gq;fis
; juhik. kd;w
s; %yk; uq;fis
; ngw;Wf; y;.
vk;kplKs;s tplaq;fis nraw;gLj;Jtjw;F epajpr; rl;lq;fisj; jahupj;jy;. khfhzj;jpypUe;J kj;j pa muR ngWk; tup epjpapypUe;J Fwpg;gpl;lnjhU tPjk; ngw;Wj; juy;. midj;J khfhz rigfSk; $l;lhf jkJ murpaw; fl;rpfis njspTgLj;J tJk; cld;g hl;Lf;F tUtJk;.
tplaj;Jf;Fg; nghWg;ghd mikr;ru;fs;. Kjyikr;ru;fspd; rk;Nksdk;. khfhz rigfspd; fl;rpj; jiytu;fis cs;slf;fpa FOnthd;wpd; ,zf;fg;ghl;Lld; murpaw; jiyikf;F njspTgLj;jy;.
g;gLk; tup kw;Wk; g;ghl;bd; ilapy;
J NtW ;fSf;F g; ngw;Wf; ;jy;.
tupfspy; Fwpg;gpl;lnjhU tPjj;ij toq;Fjy;
Kjyikr;ru;fs;> epjp Mizf;FO kw;Wk; jpiwNrup
r j;jpd; khf mur
w;Wk; l;rp cl;gl spd;
kj;Jtq;fs; murpay; ;F l;Ls;sdu;.
khfhz rigfis tYg;gLj;Jtjw;Fj; Njitahd rl;l uPjpahd epjp xJf;fPLfs; kw;Wk; nray;Kiwfs; jahupg;gjw;Fk; xUq;fpia epuypy; fhzg;gLk; vkf;Fj; Njitahd tplaq;fis khfhz rig epuypDs; cs;slf;Ftjw;fhd Ntz;LNfhis tpLj;jy;.
[dhjpgjp
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04. khfhz rigf;Fs;
,Uf;Fk; rpW ,df; FOf;fspd; mgpyhi~fis cupa Kiwapy; eilKiwg;gLj;j KbahJs;sik.
,d uPjp mbg;gi epakpf;f gjtpfi nfhLj;j
05. NkypUe;J fPohd
nray;jpl;lk; jahupf;Fk; njhlu;r;rpahd gbKiw cjhuzk;: tuT nryTj; jpl;lj; jahupg;G> fk neFk> kf neFk Nghd;w ntspehl;L epjpAjtpapd; %yk; nraw;gLj;Jk; nraw;jpl;lq;fs; eilKiwg;gLj;JtJ ,d;Wk; NkypUe;J fPohfNtahFk;.
,J ,t;thNw nraw;g LfpwJ.
Njrpa k jpl;lq;f Ntz;ba kw;Wk; k kl;lj;jp jahupf;f jpl;lq;f mbg;gi
06. nghJr; Nrit Kf;fpa
tplaq;fis kj;jpa murpd; fl;Lg;ghl;by; itj;jpUg;gNjhL mgptpUj;jpr; nraw;ghl;bd; ,Wjpg; gyd;fs; njhlu;ghf nghWg;Gf; $Wgtu;fs; ahnud;gJ gw;wp njspthff; Fwpg;gplg;glhik.
khfhz rig tplaq;fSf;fhf me;epWtdq;fs; njspT ngwhkNy kj;jpa murpd; fl;Lg;ghl;bYs;s mikr;rpD}lhf xJf;fPLfs; kw;Wk; nraw;jpl;lq;fisg; ngw;W f; nfhLj;jy;.
toq;fg njhlu;g epiyik uPjpahf njspTg
07. Ra [PtNdhghak; njhlu;ghd jPu;khdq;fspd; NghJ gpui[fspd; fUj;J f;fSf;F ,lkpd;i k.
,e;epiyik gbg;gbahf tsu;r;rpaile;J tUfpd;wJ.
ek;gpf;i fl;bnaO kf;fspl fUj;J f nfhs;tj nray;K jahupj;J
08. khfhz rigapd; fPo;f; fhzg;gl;l mur epUthfk; kw;Wk; fkeyr; Nritfs; tplag; gug;ig kPz;Lk; khfhz rigf;Fs; cs;slf;Fjy;.
kf;fspd; fUj;Jf;fisg; ngw;W f; nfhs;tjw;fhf gy;NtW tpjkhd cgha khu;f;fq;fis gad;gLj;jpdhYk; mJ njhlu;ghf kf;fspd; ek;gpf;ifiaf; fl;bnaOg;Gtjw;F s;s jilfs;.
kj;jpa murpd;
mur m fl;Lg;ghl;bd; fPo;
nrayhs vLj;jjd; gpd;
Nrtfu; kpfTk;
epuypy; tYkpf;fjhf;Ftj
Fwpg;gpl w;f hd
cj;jpNa eltbf;i ffis
khfhz kj;jpa muR
kPz;Lk; vLj;jy;.
nfhs;s
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20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
t;thNw
,d uPjpahd tPjj;jpd; LfpwJ.
mbg;gilapy; epakpf;fg;gLk; mikr;Rg; gjtpfisg; ngw;W f; nfhLj;jy;.
kj;jpa muR> fl;rpj; jiytu;fs;> ,dj; jiytu;fs;
rig ;fSf;fhf tdq;fs;
ngwhkNy murpd; hl;bYs;s ;rpD}lhf PLfs; kw;Wk; pl;lq;fisg; ; ;jy;.
Njrpa kl;lj;jpyhd jpl;lq;fs; jahupf;fg;gl Ntz;baJ gpuNjr kw;Wk; khfhz kl;lj;jpy; jahupf;fg;gLk; jpl;lq;fspd; mbg;gilapNyNa.
jpl;lq;fis mKy;g Lj;Jk; mikr;R> jpl;lkply; Mizf;FO
yik ahf ;rpaile;J
;wJ.
toq;fg;gl;l tplaq;fs; njhlu;ghf jw;NghJs;s epiyikia rl;l uPjpahf cupa Kiwapy; njspTgLj;Jjy;.
ghuhSkd;w k;
pd; f;fisg;
; jw;fhf W tpjkhd
q;fis Lj;jpdhYk;
jhlu;ghf pd;
fiaf; Og;Gtjw;F ilfs;.
ek;gpf;ifiaf; fl;bnaOk;Gk; tpjj;jpy; kf;fsplkpUe;J fUj;J f;fisg; ngw;W f; nfhs;tjw;fhd xU nray;Kiwiaj; jahupj;Jf; nfhs;sy;.
kj;jpa muR / khfhz rig / gpuNjr rig
murpd; hl;bd; fPo; d; gpd; ;
;fjhf;Ftj
f;i ffis
muR ;.
mur mjpgu;> gpuNjr nrayhsu;> fpuhk Nrtfu; kw;Wk; xUq;fpa epuypy; Fwpg;gplg;gLfpd;w cj;jpNahfj;jufis khfhz rigapd; fPo; kPz;Lk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sy;.
kj;jp muR
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09. mur Nrit
epakdq;fs;> ,lkhw;wk; kw;W k; gjtp cau;T njhlu;ghf kj;jpa murpw;Fk;> khfhz rigf;Fk; ,ilapy; khWgl;l fUj;J f;fs; epyTjy;.
epakdq ,lkhw;w gjtp c njhlu;gh rigfsp cld;gh nfhs;if
10. Njrpa ghlrhiyfs;
kw;W k;> Njrpa itj;jparhiyfspd; epUthfj;ij kPz;Lk; khfhz rig tplaj;jpDs; cl;gLj;Jjy;.
fhzg;gl;l Kuz;ghLfs; $Ljyhd mstpy; jPu;f;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
- Njrpa g
khfhz ngw;Wf; Ntz;Lk
11. gazpfs;
Nghf;Ftuj;Jj; njhlu;gpy; kj;jpa murpw;Fk; khfhz rigf;Fk; ,ilapy; fhzg;gLk; gpzf;Ffisj; jPu;j;jy;.
midj;J rigfS Njrpaf; nfhs;if jahupj;j
12. khfhz rigf;Fs;
jkJ gpujpepjpfs; ,y;yhj epyg;gug;gpy; thOk; kf;fspdJk; Fyg;gz;ikj;JKila FOf;fspd; nghUshjhu kw;Wk; r%f mgptpUj;jpapd; nghUl;L Njitahd eltbf;iffis vLj;jy;.
khfhzq;fSf;fpi lapyhd Nghf;Ftuj;jpy; Vw;gl;Ls;s gpur;rpidfs;
-
13. khfhzj;jpw;Nf cupa
nghUshjhu kw;Wk; fyhrhu tsq;fs; njhlu;ghf juTfisr; Nrfupf;fpd;w> Ma;Tfs; nra;fpd;w cupa nraw;jpl;lq;fs; Clhf gpujpgyd;kpf;f epWtdf; fl;likg;ig fl;bnaOg;Gjy;.
,g;gpur;r pid jhdhfNt jPu;e;j tz;zKs;sJ.
mt;thwd Vw;gLj;J
14. Njrpaf; nfhs;if
vd;w vz;zk; rupahd nghUs;gl $wg;gl;bUf; fhik.
jw;Nghijf;F mt;thwhdNjhu; fl;likg;G ,y;iy.
rup Njrpaf;
vd;gJ C njspTg Ntz;Lk
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
;gl;l
hLfs; hd mstpy; ;gl;Ls;sJ.
epakdq;fs;> ,lkhw;wq;fs; kw;Wk; gjtp cau;Tfs; njhlu;ghf khfhz rigfspd; cld;ghl;Lld; Njrpaf; nfhs;if jahupj;jy;.
khfhz rig kw;Wk; kj;jpa muR
Njrpa ghlrhiyfis khfhz rigfSf;F ngw;Wf; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;.
fy;tp mikr;R
q;fSf;fpi d
tuj;jpy; s;s
dfs;
midj;J khfhz rigfSk; xd;wpize;J Njrpaf; nfhs;ifnahd;iwj; jahupj;jy;.
khfhz rig kw;Wk; Nghf;Ftuj;J mikr;R
;r pid Nt jPu;e;j Ks;sJ.
- -
ijf;F whdNjhu; kg;G
.
mt;thwd fl;likg;ig
khfhz rig Vw;gLj;Jjy;.
Njrpaf; nfhs;if vd;gJ Cu;[pjkhf njspTgLj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
ghuhSkd;wk;.
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Outreach 20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa 2Mk; gbKiw tlNky; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 02
gpur;rpid
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
kh
01. Njrpaf; nfhs;if
vd;w vz;zk; rupahd nghUs;gl $wg;gl;bUf;fhik.
njspthd nfhs;if ,y;yhj fhuzj;jpdhy; mgptpUj;jpia Kd;Ndhf;fpf; nfhz;L nry;y Kbahik. muRfs; kw;Wk; mikr;ru;fspd; khw;wq;fs; fhuzkhf nfhs;iffSk; khw;wg;gLfpd;wik.
midj;J gpupTfS nghJth nfhs;i
02. nkhopf; nfhs;ifia
eilKiwf;Ff; nfhz;Ltu ,ayhik.
nkhopf; nfhs;if nray;K iwapy; eilKiwg;gLj;jh j fhuzj;jpdhy; ,dg; gpur;rpidf;Fj; jPu;thf mikahj mNj Ntis mgptpUj;jpf;Fk; jilahf ,Uj;jy;.
Muk;gf; jkpo; nk nkhopah eilKi mur mjpfhupf jkpo; nk fl;lhag
03. 154c cWg;Giuapd;
fPo; mikr;ru; Ie;J Ngiu epakpf;Fk; vy;iy mij tpl mjpfupf;fg;gl Ntz;L k;.
rpy gpupTfspy; NghJkhd msT mgptpUj;jpia Vw;gLj;Jtjw;fhd Fiwe;j msT ftdpg;gpw;F cs;shf;fg;gl;Ls; sik
khfhz jPu;khdq tplaq;f Muha;e;j eilKi
04. cs;@uhl;rp kd;w
Kf;fpa];ju;fs;> khfhz rigf;Fk;> khfhz rig Kf;f pa];ju;f s; ghuhSkd;wj;Jf;Fk; cs;thq;Ftjw;fhd rl;lq;fis epiwNtw;Wjy;.
ghuhSkd;w mikr;ru; kw;Wk; cWg;gpdu;fs; gpuNjr uPjpahf jiyapLtjdhy; gpur;rpidfs; Vw;gly;. khfhz rigfspd; fUj;Jf;fs; ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; gpujpgypf;fhik.
murpay rPu;jpUj;j gq;fspg nfhs;tj Kiwna Vw;gLj;J
05. kj;j pa murpd;
mjpfhuq;f s;> khfhz rigfspd; mjpfhuq;f s; kw;W k; cs;@uhl;rp
mgptpUj;jpf;Fj; jilahf ,Uj;jy;> fUj;J NtWghLfs; Vw;gly;>
murpay rPu;jpUj;j cWjpa gl;bay;
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
iufs; ,yf;fk; - 02
;NghJs;s piyik
khw;W topfs; nghWg;G
hd ;if ,y;yhj j;jpdhy; pUj;jpia hf;fpf; ;L nry;y ik. s; kw;Wk; r;ru;fspd;
;fs; khf ;iffSk;
;gLfpd;wik.
midj;Jg; gpupTfSf;Fk; nghJthd Njrpaf; nfhs;iffis epWTjy;
mikr;Rf; FO
f; nfhs;if
;K iwapy;
iwg;gLj;jh zj;jpdhy;
idf;Fj;
mikahj Ntis pUj;jpf;Fk;
hf y;.
Muk;gf; fy;tpapypUe;J jkpo; nkhopia fl;lha nkhopahf eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy;. mur mjpfhupfSf;fpilapy; jkpo; nkhopia fl;lhag;gLj;Jjy;.
midj;J mikr;R nrayhsu;fs; kw;Wk; jpizf;fs gpujhdpfs;
pupTfspy; khd msT pUj;jpia j;Jtjw;fhd
;j msT g;gpw;F
hf;fg;gl;Ls;
khfhz mikr;R jPu;khdq;fis vLj;jy;> tplaq;fs; njhlu;ghf Muha;e;j gpd; eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy;
vz;zpf;ifiaj; jPu;khdpj;jy; kw;Wk; tplaq;fisj; jPu;khdj;jpy; ghuhSkd;wj;jpd; %yk;
kd;w r;ru; kw;Wk; ;gpdu;fs; r uPjpahf
pLtjdhy; idfs; y;.
spd;
f;fs; kd;wj;jpy; ypf;fhik.
murpay; ahg;G rPu;jpUj;jj;jpd; Clhf gq;fspg;ig Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;tjw;fhd Kiwnahd;iw Vw;gLj;Jjy;.
ghuhSkd;wk;
pUj;jpf;Fj;
hf y;> fUj;J hLfs; y;>
murpay; mikg;G rPu;jpUj;jj;jpd; Clhf cWjpahd mjpfhug; gl;bay; xd;iwj;
ghuhSkd;wk;
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kd;wq;fspd; mjpfhuq;fs; njhlu;ghf Fwpg;gpl;l gl;bay; jahupj;jy;.
jahupj;j
06. 154x>154X> 154V>154e1
cWg;Giufs; njhlu;ghd kPs; jpUj;jr; rl;lq;fs; nfhz;L tUtjw;fhd eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
mjpfhuq;fs; njsptpy;yhky; fhzg;gly;.
khfhz mjpfhuq $ba t mikg;i
07. fq;iffSf;F
mUfhikapy; kzy; mfo;T > ePu; njhlu;g hd nraw;jpl;lq;fisr; nraw;gLj;Jk; NghJ khfhz rigfSf;fpilapYk;> khfhz rigf;Fk; - kj;jpa muRf;F ,ilapYk; mjpfhuq;fisr; nraw;gLj;JtJ njhlu;ghf gpzf;Ffs; Vw;gly;.
mjpfhug; gfpu;T njhlu;ghd ek;gpf;if ,oj;jy;. epjp Mizf;FOtplk; vjpu;ghu;j;j flikfs; epiw Ntw;wg;glhik
jPu;k hdk mjpfhuj rigf;F tUkhd Fwpg;gpl rjtPjj;i rigf;F nfhLj;j
08. mur Nrit
epakdq;fs;> ,lkhw;wk; kw;W k; gjtp cau;T njhlu;ghf kj;jpa murpw;Fk;> khfhz rigf;Fk; ,ilapy; khWgl;l fUj;J f;fs; epyTjy;.
mgptpUj;jpf;Fj; jilahf ,Uj;jy;. kj;jpa muRf;Fk; khfhz rigf;Fkpilapy; KWfy; epiy Vw;gly;.
khfhzj midj;J kw;Wk; , khfhz Mizf toq;Fj
09. khfhz rigf;Fs;
jkJ gpujpepjpfs; ,y;yhj epyg;gug;gpy; thOk; kf;fspdJk; Fyg;gz;ikj;JtKil a FOf;fspd; nghUshjhu kw;Wk; r%f mgptpUj;jpapd; nghUl;L Njitahd eltbf;iffis vLj;jy;.
fUkq;fs; jhkjkhf ,lk;ngWtjhy; mgptpUj;jp jilg;gly;. mur Nritapd; juk; Fiwjy;
mgptpUj;jpapy;
tpfpjhr rkkhd
gpujpepjp re;ju;g;gq;fs;
ngw;Wf; fpilf;fhik.
rkkhd rpWghd;ikapdu;
re;ju;g;g jpUg;jpaila
ngw;Wf; Kbahik.
murpay rPu;jpUj;j
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
uq;fs;
py;yhky; ;gly;.
jahupj;jy;
ug; gfpu;T ;ghd ;if y;.
f;FOtplk; u;j;j fs; epiw
;glhik
khfhz rigfSf;F mjpfhuq;fs; fpilf;ff; $ba tpjj;jpy; murpay; mikg;ig rPu;jpUj;Jjy;.
ghuhSkd;w k;
j;jpf;Fj; hf y;. kj;jpa ;Fk; khfhz ;Fkpilapy; ; epiy ;.
jPu;k hdk; vLf;Fk; mjpfhuj;ij khfhz rigf;F toq;Fjy;. tUkhdj;jpy; Fwpg;gpl;lNjhu; rjtPjj;ij khfhz rigf;F ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;
ghuhSkd;w k; / khfhz rig
;fs; hf gWtjhy;
j;jp ;gly;.
ritapd; iwjy;
khfhzj;jpDs; midj;J epakdq;fs; kw;Wk; ,lkhw;wq;fs; khfhz mur Nritfs; Mizf;FOtpw;F toq;Fjy;.
Njrpa mur Nritfs; Mizf;FO
j;jpapy;
;gq;fs; ;fhik.
;ikapdu; paila ik.
tpfpjhrhu mbg;gilapy; gpujpepjpj;Jtj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;. rkkhd mgptpUj;jp re;ju;g;gq;fisg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;. murpay; ahg;G rPu;jpUj;jk;
ghuhSkd;w k;> khfhz murpay; mjpfhu rig kw;Wk; mjpfhupfs;
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa 2Mk; gbKiw tlNky; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 03
gpur;rpid
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
kh
01. kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd;
mur mjpfhupfSld; xg;gpLifapy; khfhz rig mur mjpfhupfis Fiwkjpg;gPL nra;jy;.
kdg;ghq khw;wj;i kj;jpa khfhz rigf;F mbf;fb fye;Ji elj;J j
02. xNu tplaj;ij kj;jpa
murhq;fKk; khfhz murhq;fKk; eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy; (,ul;ilr; nraw;ghL)
toq;fg;gl;Ls;s mjpfhuq;fis kPz;Lk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;t J njhlu;ghf Rw;WepUgq;fis ntspapLtjd; %yk; khfhz mjpfhupfisf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jjy;
khfhz tplaq;f eilKi mjpfhuj Gupe;J n nfhs;s
03. khfhz rig
Kiwf;Fs;Sk; rpy tplaq;fs; ,ul;ilr; nraw;ghl;bw;F cl;gLj;jg;gl;bUj;jy;.
vy;yh tplaq;fs; njhlu;ghfTk; ,ul;ilr; nraw;g hL fhzg;gly; (rKu;jp – fy;tp – r%f Nrit)
Fwpg;gpl njhlu;g Nju;r;rpA epWtdq khj;jpuk tplaj;i
04. mjpfhug; gfpu;T
njhlu;ghd rl;lq;fis nraw;gLj;Jtjw;F kj;j pa murpd; mjpfhupfs; vjpu;g;Gj; njuptpj;jy;.
xNu tplaq;fis mikr;Rf;fs; / jpizf;fsq;fs; kw;Wk; NtW epWtdq;fs; Clhf eilKiwg;gLj;J jy;
khfhz tplaq;f epajpr; jahupj;j
05. Njrpa ghlrhiyfs;
kw;Wk; Njrpa itj;jpa rhiyfspd; epUthfj;ij kPz;Lk; khfhz rig tplaj;jpDs; cs;slf;Fjy;.
gy;NtW tpjkhd rl;ljpl;lq;fs; / Rw;WepUgq;fs; Clhf kj;jpa murpd; %yk; eilKiwg;gLj;jg; gly; (tpNrlkhf xUq;fpia epuy;)
tplak; epajpr; cUthf murpd; nfhz;L njhlu;g njuptpj
06. gazpfs;
Nghf;Ftuj;Jj; njhlu;gpy; kj;jpa
rpwg;ghfr; nraw;gLk; ghlrhiyfs; kw;Wk; itj;jparhiyfs; Njrpa vd;w ngaupy; kj;jpa murpd; fPo; vLj;Jf; nfhs;sy;
khfhzq;fSf;F
Njrpaf ,ilapyhd
nfhs;i gazpfs;
jahupj;j
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
lahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
iufs; ,yf;fk; - 03
;NghJs;s piyik
khw;W topfs; nghWg;G
g;gl;Ls;s uq;fis
; ngw;Wf; ;t J
;ghf pUgq;fis
pLtjd; khfhz upfisf; ;gLj;Jjy;
kdg;ghq;Ffspy; khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;Jjy;. kj;jpa muRf;Fk; khfhz rigf;Fkpilapy; mbf;fb fye;Jiuahly;fis elj;J jy;.
murpay; jiyikj;Jtk; - Njrpa / khfhz epUthf jiyikj;Jtk; - Njrpa / khfhz
tplaq;fs; ;ghfTk; lr; ;g hL
;gly; p – fy;tp – Nrit)
khfhz rig tplaq;fs; njhlu;ghf eilKiwg;gLj;Jk; mjpfhuj;ij njspthfg; Gupe;J nfhz;L ngw;Wf; nfhs;sy;.
murpay; jiyikj;Jtk; - Njrpa / khfhz epUthf jiyikj;Jtk; - Njrpa / khfhz
plaq;fis ;Rf;fs; / f;fsq;fs;
; NtW q;fs;
iwg;gLj;J
Fwpg;gpl;l tplak; njhlu;ghf rpwg;Gj; Nju;r;rpAila epWtdq;fSf;F khj;jpuk; cupa tplaj;ij xg;gilj;jy;
khfhz mikr;Rf; FO
W tpjkhd pl;lq;fs; / pUgq;fs; kj;jpa ; %yk; iwg;gLj;jg; (tpNrlkhf pia epuy;)
khfhz rig tplaq;fs; njhlu;ghf epajpr; rl;lq;fisj; jahupj;jy;
khfhz mikr;R nrayhsu;fs;> jpzf;fs gpujhdpfs;> kj;jpa murpd; mjpfhupfs;
hfr; ;gLk; iyfs; ;
parhiyfs;
vd;w y; kj;jpa
; fPo; f; nfhs;sy;
tplak; njhlu;ghf epajpr; rl;lq;fis cUthf;Fjy;> murpd; fl;Lg;ghl;bw;F kj;jpa
nfhz;L tUtJ njhlu;gpy; vjpu;g;igj; njuptpj;jy;.
khfhz mikr;Rf; FO kw;Wk; mjpfhupfs;
q;fSf;F pyhd pfs;
Njrpaf; nfhs;ifnahd;iwj; jahupj;jy;.
Njrpa murpd; cupa mikr;R
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murpw;Fk; khfhz rigf;Fk; ,ilapy; fhzg;gLk; gpzf;Ffisj; jPu;j;jy;.
Nghf;Ftuj;J njhlu;gpy; Kuz;ghLfs; njhlu;r;rpahff; fhzg;gly;
07. khfhz rigfshy;
Nrfupf;fg;gLk; tup epjpfs; cl;gl ed;nfhilfs; cs;@uhl;rp kd;wq;fSf;F toq;Fjiyj; jhkjpj;jy; jtpu;f;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. khfhz kl;l mgptpUj;jpapd; NghJ cs;@uhl;rp kd;wq;fSf;F Njitahd xj;Jiog;Gf;fs; cupa Kiwapy; toq;fg;gLjy;.
khfhz
kj;jpa rigfSf;Fj;
khfhz Njitg;gLk;
toq;fg;g epjpfs; NghJkhd
epjpfs; msT ,y;yhj
msT c fhuzj;jpdhy;
gFjpapy cs;@uhl;rp kd;w q;f Sf;Ff; fpilf;f Ntz;ba epjpfs; khfhz rigfspdhy; gad;gLj;jg;gly;
khfhz cs;@u kd;wq;f Njita NghJkh ngw;Wf;
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
tuj;J ;gpy;
hLfs; ;r;rpahff; ;gly;
f;Fj; g;gLk;
; NghJkhd ,y;yhj ;jpdhy; uhl;rp ;f Sf;Ff; ;f Ntz;ba
; khfhz pdhy; Lj;jg;gly;
kj;jpa murpdhy; khfhz rigfSf;F toq;fg;gl Ntz;ba epjpfs; NghJkhd msT cupa fhyg; gFjpapy; toq;Fjy;. khfhz rigfs; cs;@uhl;rp kd;wq;fSf;Fj; Njitahd epjpia NghJkhd mstpy; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;
khfhzj; jpiuNrwp
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njr 2Mk; gbKiw tlNky; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 04
gpur;rpid jw;NghJs;s
kh epiyik
01. khfhzj;jpd;
cl;fl;likg;G trjpfis mjpfupg;gjw;F epjp xJf;fPLfs; fpilf;fhik.
-
02. nfhs;if> jpl;lkply;
kw;Wk; tuT nryT jahupg;G Nghd;w tplaq;fs; ntt;NtW gpupTfshfr; nraw;gly;> md;whl nryTfs;> KjyPl;Lr; nryTfs; ntt;Ntwhf eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy;.
khfhz rigapd; NjitfSf;fhf Nfl;fg;gLfpd;w epjp Kiwapy; cupa
ngw;Wf; nfhLf;fhik. ,e;epiyik fhuzkhf khfhzj;jpd; Nritfs; toq;FtJ ke;j fjpapy; ,lk; ngWfpd;w dik. mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;l epjp xJf;fPLfs; cupa fhyg; gFjpapy; fpilf;fg; ngwhikapd; fhuzkhf khfhz rig epUthfk; njhlu;ghf kf;fspd; ek;gpf;if Fiwe;Js;sik. ,jw;F Nkyjpfkhf khfhz mgptpUj;jp tplaq;fs; njhlu;ghf kj;jpa muR epWtdq;fSf;F epjpfis toq;fp eilKiwg;gLj;J fpd;wik. ,jdhy; khfhz rig njhlu;ghd kf;fspd; ek;gpf;if Fiwe;Js;sik.
- khfhz epjpia fhuzpf mikj;j khfhz mgptpU Njitg mbg;gi ce;Jji
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
iufs; ,yf;fk; - 04
;NghJs;s
khw;W topfs; nghWg;G piyik
rigapd; fSf;fhf g;gLfpd;w apy; upa
ngw;Wf; ;fhik. yik khf
j;jpd; fs;
tJ ke;j
; ,lk; pd;w dik.
upf;fg;gl;l Jf;fPLfs; fhyg; py; ;fg; kapd; khf khfhz epUthfk;
;ghf pd; ;if
;Js;sik.
pfkhf
pUj;jp ;fs; ;ghf kj;jpa
q;fSf;F s toq;fp iwg;gLj;J k. ,jdhy;
rig ;ghd pd; ;if
;Js;sik.
- -
khfhz rigfSf;fhd epjpia xJf;F tjw;f hd fhuzpfisj; jpUj;jp mikj;j y;. khfhzj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; mgptpUj;jpapd; Njitg;ghl;bd; mbg;gilapy; ce;Jjiy
-
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Vw;gLj;J tWik njhopy tpfpjhr gpuNjrj Njrpa nra;fpd msT. Nkw;$ w nray;K murpay cs;sl
03. khfhz uPjpahd
Nritfis toq;Fk; NghJ jdpahu; Jiw cw;gj;jpfSf;F mjpf ftdk; nrYj;jhik.
- -
04. epjp Mizf;FOtpd;
nraw;ghLfs; njhlu;ghf xt;nthU khfhz rigapypUe;Jk; gpujpepjp xUtiu ,izg;gjpfhupahf epakpj;jy;.
ahg;Gr; Clhf Ntz;Lk
05. khfhz rigfshy;
Nrfupf;fg;gLk; tup epjpfs; cl;gl ed;nfhilfs; cs;@uhl;rp kd;wq;fSf;F toq;Fjiyj; jhkjpj;jy; jtpu;f;fg;gl Ntz;L k;. khfhz kl;l mgptpUj;jpapd; NghJ cs;@uhl;rp kd;wq;fSf;F Njitahd xj;Jiog;Gf;fs; cupa Kiwapy; toq;fg;gLjy;.
jw;Nghijf;F ,y;iy
-
06. khfhzj;jpw;Nf cupa
nghUshjhu kw;Wk; fyhrhu tsq;fs; njhlu;ghf juTfisr; Nrfupf;fpd;w> Ma;Tfs; nra;fpd;w cupa nraw;jpl;lq;fs; Clhf gpujpgyd;kpf;f epWtdf; fl;likg;ig fl;bnaOg;Gjy;.
khfhz rigfs; Kfq;nfhLf;Fk; epjpg; gpur;rpidfs; fhuzkhf ,e;epiyik fhzg;g LfpwJ. kj;jpa murpdhy; fpilf;f Ntz;ba epjpfs; cupa fhyj;jpy; fpilf;fg; ngWfpd;w d.
epajpr; Clhf jpl;lkpl xd;iw
07. mwtplg;gLfpd;w tupfis
gfpu;tJ njhlu;ghf epjp Mizf;FOtpw;Nfh khfhz rigf;Nfh mjpfhukpd;ik.
,e;epiyik
khw;wq;f ,t;thNw
ahg;G r fhzg;g LfpwJ.
Njit
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
Vw;gLj;Jjy;. tWik tpfpjhrhuk;> njhopy; gpur;r pid tpfpjhrhuk;> gpuNjrj;jpd; msT. Njrpa tUkhdj;jpw;F nra;fpd;w gq;fspg;gpd; msT. Nkw;$ wpa nray;Kiwfis murpay; ahg;gpw;Fs; cs;slf;Fjy;.
- ghuhSkd;wk;>
epjpaikr;R> ePjp Mizf;FO.
ijf;F ahg;Gr; rPu;jpUj;jj;jpd; Clhf ,ijr; nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
-
rigfs; fhLf;Fk; gpur;rpidfs; khf
yik ;g LfpwJ.
murpdhy; ;f Ntz;ba
; cupa ;jpy; ;fg; pd;w d.
- -
epajpr; rl;lq;fs; Clhf khfhz jpl;lkply; Mizf;FO xd;iw cUthf;Fjy;
-
yik Nw ;g LfpwJ.
khw;wq;fs; nra;tjw;F ahg;G rPu;jpUj;jk; Njit
-
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Outreach 20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa 2Mk; gbKiw fpof;F khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 01
gpur;rpid
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
kh
1. mwtplg;gLk; tup
njhlu;ghf epjp Mizf;FOtpw;Nfh khfhz rigf;Nfh mjpfhukpd;i k.
,q;F khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;fs; ,y;yhj fhuzj;jpdhy; mr;nray;ghL ];jk;gpjk; mile;Js;sJ.
kf;fshy njupTnr cWg;gpd nfhz;l rigfs mt;tjpf ngw;Wf;n Ntz;Lk
2. ,uz;L jrhg;jq;fshf
khfhz rigfs; nraw;gl;lhYk; mjpfhug; gfpu;T njhlu;ghf kj;jpa murpd; jiyikf;F murpay; mjp~;lhdk; ,d;ik.
,jw;F kj;jpa muR khj;jpuk; my;y Vida epWtdq;fSk; xj;Jiog;G ey;f Ntz;Lk;.
kf;fshy njupTnr cWg;gpd muRf;F nfhLf;f kj;jpa eltbf;i tpl;Lf;n nray;gl
3. NkypUe;J fPohd
nray;j pl;l k; jahupf;Fk; njhlu;r;rp ahd gbKiw cjhuzk;: tuT nryTj; jpl;lj; jahupg;G> fk neFk> kf neFk Nghd;w ntspehl;L epjpAjtp apd; %yk; nraw;gLj; Jk; nraw;jpl;lq;fs; eilKiwg;gLj;JtJ ,d;Wk; NkypUe;J fPNohfNt.
khfhz rig> gpuNjr nrayhsu; fhupahyaq;f spy; ,Ue;J Kd;nkhopTfs; ngwg;g Lfpd;wd.
khfhz mstpy toq;fg;g
4. Ra [PtNdhghak; njhlu;ghd jPu;khdq;fspd; NghJ gpui[fspd; fUj;Jf;fSf;F ,lkpd;ik.
gpui[fspd; fUj;Jf;fSf;F KOikahd ,lk; ,y;i y.
khfhz gpuNjr njspTl flika
5. khfhz rigapd; fPo;f; fhzg;gl;l mur epUthfk; kw;Wk; fkeyr; Nritfs; tplag; gug;ig kPz;Lk; khfhz rigf;Fs; cs;slf;Fjy;.
kj;jpa murpdhy; nray;gLj;jg;gLfp d;wJ.
,t;tpU khfhz nra;a N
6. mur Nrit
epakdq;fs;> ,lkhw;wk; kw;Wk; gjtp cau;T njhlu;ghf kj;jpa
jw;Nghijf;F kj;jpa murpdhy; epiwNtw;wg;gLfpd; wJ. rpy
khfhz cupa m ngw;Wf;n Ntz;Lk
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
lahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ufs; ,yf;fk; - 01
ghJs;s iyik
khw;W topfs; nghWg;G
khfhz
pdu;fs;
;jpdhy; y;ghL pjk; ;Js;sJ.
kf;fshy; njupTnra;ag;gLk; cWg;gpdu;fisf; nfhz;l khfhz rigfspd; Clhf mt;tjpfhuq;fs; ngw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig> epjp Mizf;FO
kj;jpa hj;jpuk; Vida q;fSk; og;G ey;f k;.
kf;fshy; njupTnra;ag;gLk; cWg;gpdu;fs; %yk; muRf;F mOj;jk; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. kj;jpa muR ,t;thwhd eltbf;iffspd; NghJ tpl;Lf;nfhLj;J nray;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig> mur fl;Lg;ghl;bd; fPo; cs;s mikr;rpd; mikr;ru;.
rig> nrayhsu; yaq;f spy;
hopTfs; Lfpd;wd.
khfhz rigf;F KO mstpyhd mjpfhuq;fs; toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;;
khfhz rig
spd; f;fSf;F
ahd ,lk; .
khfhz rig kw;Wk; gpuNjr rigfs; njspTld; flikahw;Wjy;.
khfhz rig
murpdhy;
,t;tpU flikfisAk; Lj;jg;gLfp
khfhz rigfNs nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR
ijf;F
murpdhy; w;wg;gLfpd; y
khfhz rigfSf;F cupa mjpfhuq;fs; ngw;Wf;nfhLf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR
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murpw;Fk;> khfhz rigf;Fk; ,ilapy; khWgl;l fUj;Jf;fs; epyTjy;.
gupe;Jiufis khfhz rigfSk; toq;Ffpd;wd.
7. Njrpa ghlrhiyfs;
kw;Wk;> Njrpa itj;jparhiyfspd; epUthfj;ij kPz;Lk; khfhz tplaj;jpDs; rig
cl;gLj;Jjy;.
Njrpa v xJf;fpt mjpfhuq rigfS Ntz;Lk
8. gazpfs;
Nghf;Ftuj;Jj; njhlu;gpy; kj;jpa murpw;Fk; khfhz rigf;Fk; ,ilapy; fhzg;gLk; gpzf;Ffisj; jPu;j;jy;.
gpujhd nghWg;G kj;jpa murhq;fj;jplk; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
khfhz cupa m fpilf;f Ntz;Lk
9. khfhz rigf;Fs;
jkJ gpujpepjpfs; ,y;yhj thOk; kf;fspdJk;
epyg;gug;gpy;
Fyg;gz;ikj;JKila FOf;fspd; nghUshjhu kw;Wk; r%f mgptpUj;jpapd; nghUl;L eltbf;iffis
Njitahd
vLj;jy;.
tPjp mgptpUj;jp njhlu;ghf kl;LNk jpizf;fsk; xd;W fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
kf;fs; Clhf Ntz;Lk
10. khfhzj;jpw;Nf nghUshjhu kw;Wk;
cupa
fyhrhu tsq;fs; njhlu;ghf juTfisr; Nrfupf;fpd;w> Ma;Tfs; nra;fpd;w cupa nraw;j gpujpgyd;kpf;f
pl;l q;fs; Clhf
epWtdf; fl;likg;ig fl;bnaOg;Gjy;.
khfhz rigfs; Clhf cWjpahd eltbf;iffs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLt jpy;iy.
khfhz tsq;fs nra;ag;g xt;nthU rigapY xUq;fpi xd;W Ntz;Lk c
11. kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd;
mur mjpfhupfSld; xg;gpLifapy; khfhz rig mur mjpfhupfis Fiwkjpg;gPL nra;jy;.
xt;nthU gpupTfSk; jdpj;jdpahf ,aq;Ffpd;wd. kj;jpa murpd; nraw;ghLfs; njhlu;r;rpahf ,lk;n gWfpd;wd.
khfhz mjpfhup rkkhd Vida toq;fg
12. xNu tplaj;ij kj;jpa
murhq;fKk; khfhz murhq;fKk; eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy; (,ul;ilr; nraw;ghL)
kj;jpa murpd; mjpfhupfsplk; ,t;ntz;zNk fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
mjpfhuq flikf kj;jpa KOik flika
13. khfhz rig
Kiwf;Fs;Sk; rpy tplaq;fs; ,ul;ilr; nraw;ghl;bw;F cl;gLj;jg;gl;bUj;jy;.
XNu tplaq;fis vt;tpj njhlu;ghly;fSk; ,d;wp eilKiwg;gLj;J fpd;wdu;.
mbf;fb
khfhz fye;Jiuahly;fs;
fye;Ji ,lk;n gWtjdhy;
mjw;Fu mt;thW
nraw;gL ,lk;n gWtjw;fhd re;ju;g;gq;fs; FiwT.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ufis
rigfSk; fpd;wd.
nghWg;G
;fj;jplk;
Lfpd;wJ.
Njrpa vd;w nrhy;iy xJf;fptpl;L midj;J mjpfhuq;fSk; khfhz rigfSf;F toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR
gptpUj;jp
hf kl;LNk ;fsk;
Lfpd;wJ.
khfhz rigfSf;F cupa mjpfhuq;fs; fpilf;fg;gngw Ntz;Lk;.
khfhz rig
rigfs; cWjpahd
hs;sg;gLt
;iffs;
.
kf;fs; gpujpepjpfs; Clhf nraw;gLj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
khfhz rig
hU
k; dpahf fpd;wd. murpd; hLfs;
Wfpd;wd. ;rpahf
khfhz tsq;fs; rigapd; mgptpUj;jp
kdpj
nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. xt;nthU khfhz rigapYk; xUq;fpizg;G epiyak; xd;W Ntz;Lk;.
cUthf;fg;gly;
kfhz rig
murpd; upfsplk; z;zNk
Lfpd;wJ.
khfhz mjpfhupfSf;Fk; rkkhd re;ju;g;gq;fSk; Vida fhuzq;fSk; toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig.
plaq;fis
hly;fSk;
iwg;gLj;J u;.
mjpfhuq;fs; kw;Wk; flikfs; njhlh;ghf kj;jpa KOikahd muRld;>
njspTld; flikahw;Wjy;.
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig.
b iuahly;fs; Wtjdhy; W
Wtjw;fhd ;gq;fs;
.
khfhz rigf;Fs;Ns fye;JiuahlYk; mjw;Fupa fhyj;jpDs; nraw;gLj;JjYk;
gpujk nrayhsu; cl;gl mikr;Rr; nrayhsu;fs;.
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14. mjpfhug; gfpu;T
njhlu;ghd rl;lq;fis nraw;gLj;Jtjw;F kj;jpa murpd; mjpfhupfs; vjpu;g;Gj; njuptpj;jy;.
mjpfhug njhlu;gh kl;Lk; v khw;w j;i Ntz;Lk rupahd topfhl;l Nkw;nfhs
15. khfhzj;j pd;
cl;fl;likg;G trjpfis mjpfupg;gjw;F epjp xJf;fPLfs; fpilf;fhik.
kj;jpa murpd; mjpfhupfspd; vjpu;g;Gf;fs; ntsptUfpd;wd.
epjp Mi eltbf;i jpwk;gl
16. nfhs;if> jpl;lkply;
kw;Wk; tuT nryT jahupg;G Nghd;w tplaq;fs; ntt;NtW gpupTfshfr; nraw;gly;> md;whl nryTfs;> KjyPl;Lr; nryTfs; ntt;Ntwhf eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy;.
cupa gpujhd eltbf;iffs; kj;jpa murpdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfp d;wd. cupa epjp trjpfs; fpilf;ftpy;iy.
cupa m khfhz fhzg;gl
17. khfhz uPjpahd
Nritfis toq;Fk; NghJ jdpahu; Jiw cw;gj;jpfSf;F mjpf ftdk; nrYj;jhik.
NtW Ntwhf nraw;g Lfpd;wJ. MapDk; jPu;khdk; vLg;gjw;fhd mjpfhuk; ,y;iy.
rupahd Kfhikj %yk; m eltbf;i vLj;jy;.
18. epjp Mizf;FOtpd; nraw;g hLfs; njhlu;ghf xt;nthU khfhz rigapypUe;Jk; gpujpepjp xUtiu ,izg;gjpfhupahf epakpj;jy;.
jw;NghJ mJ njhlu;ghf rupahd nray;Kiw xd;W ,y;iy.
mt;thwhd
jw;NghJ gq;fspg;gpy;iy.
epiyik nra;jy; khfhz Njitfi Mizf newpg;gL nray;K itj;jy
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20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
murpd; upfspd; f;fs; Ufpd;wd.
mjpfhug; gfpu;T njhlu;ghf mwpt+l;liy kl;Lk; vz;zq;fspyhd khw;w j;ij Vw;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. rupahd murpay; topfhl;liy Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa kw;Wk; khfhz murhq;fq;fs;> khtl;lr; nrayhsu; murpay; ahg;G tFg;ghsu;fs;.
gpujhd
;iffs; murpdhy; hs;sg;gLfp cupa epjp s; ;ftpy;iy.
epjp Mizf;FOtpd; eltbf;iffis jpwk;gl itj;jy;.
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig> epjp mikr;R.
Ntwhf
Lfpd;wJ. k; jPu;khdk; w;fhd uk; ,y;iy.
cupa mjpfhuq;fs; khfhz rigapd; fPo; fhzg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig> cupa mikr;ru;
J mJ ;ghf rupahd ;Kiw xd;W
.
rupahd Kfhikj;Jtj;jpd; %yk; mjw;F cupa eltbf;iffis vLj;jy;.
khfhz rig
whd
jw;NghJs;s pg;gpy;iy.
epiyikia rPu; nra;jy; NghJkhdJ. khfhz rigfspd; Njitfis epjp Mizf;FOtpd; %yk; newpg;gLj;Jk; nray;Kiwia jpwk;gl itj;jy;.
gpujk nrayhsu;.
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njr 2Mk; gbKiw fpof;F khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 02
gpur;rpid
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
kh
1. mwtplg;gLk; njhlu;ghf epjp
tup
Mizf;FOtpw;Nfh khfhz rigf;Nfh mjpfhukpd;i k.
Rfhjhug; ,t;thW tup
gpuptpd;
mwtplg;gLtjpy;i y.
KO khfhz m
fpilf;f
2. ,uz;L khfhz jrhg;jq;fshf
rigfs; nraw;gl;lhYk; mjpfhug; njhlu;ghf gfpu;T
kj;jpa murpd; murpay; jiyikf;F
mjp~;lhdk; ,d;ik.
fpof;F khfhzj;jpd; ghJfhg;G epyikfs; ngUk;g hyhd jPu;khdq;fspd; NghJ mOj;jkhf mike;Js;s J.
KOik rigna mikj;j kj;jpa jiyi fye;Ji
3. khfhz ,Uf;Fk; rigf;Fs;
rpW ,df; FOf;fspd; mgpyhi~fis Kiwapy;
cupa
eilKiwg;gLj;j KbahJs;sik.
,t;thwhd Njitfis epiwNtw;Wtjw;fh d ,y;yhj
mjpfhuq;fs;
fhuzj;jpdhy; cupa Kiwapy; eltbf;iffs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLt jpy;iy.
KOik mjpfhu rigfS Ntz;Lk
4. NkypUe;J fPohd
nray;jpl;lk; jahupf;Fk; njhlu;r;rpahd cjhuzk;: tuT
gbKiw
nryTj; jahupg;G> jpl;lj;
fk neFk> kf neFk Nghd;w ntspehl;L epjpAjtpapd; %yk; nraw;gLj;Jk; nraw;jpl;lq;fs; eilKiwg;gLj;JtJ ,d;Wk; NkypUe;J fPNohfNt.
RahjPdkhd nraw;ghLfs; kpff; FiwT $Ljyhd re;ju;g;gq;fspy; kj;jpa jpl;lq;fs;
murpd;
nray;gLj;jg;gLfp d;wJ. njhlu;r;rpahd nfhs;ifj; jpl;lq;fs; eilKiwg;gLj;jg; gLtjpy;iy.
khfhz mstpy toq;fg
5. Ra [PtNdhghak; njhlu;ghd jPu;khdq;fspd; NghJ gpui[fspd; fUj;Jf;fSf;F ,lkpd;ik.
cupa fl;likg;G
gpui[f vz;z ,y;iy.
Nkh
ngw;Wf rupahd xd;W rigfS k
Ntz;Lk
6. khfhz fhzg;gl;l rigapd; mur
fPo;f;
epUthfk; kw;Wk;
$Ljyhd mjpfhuq;fs;
epu;thf
jw;Nghijf;F
khtl;lr khfhz epakpf;f
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
lahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ufs; ,yf;fk; - 02
;NghJs;s piyik
khw;W topfs; nghWg;G
W ug; tup
gpuptpd;
g;gLtjpy;i
KO khfhz mjpfhuq;fSk; rigfSf;F fpilf;f Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR
j;jpd; g;G fs;
hyhd
mOj;jkhf q;fspd;
;Js;s J.
KOikahd rignahd;iw
khfhz
mikj;jYk; gpd;du; kj;jpa jiyikj;Jtj;Jld;
murpd;
fye;JiuahlYk;
[dhjpgjp> nghWg;ghd mikr;ru;
whd fis tw;Wtjw;fh
j
pfhuq;fs;
Kiwapy;
;jpdhy;
hs;sg;gLt ;iffs;
.
KOikahd mjpfhuq;fs; khfhz rigfSf;F toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa Rfhjhu muR>
mikr;R
khd hLfs; iwT
;gq;fspy; hd
;fs;
murpd;
Lj;jg;gLfp
;r;rpahd
;fs;
fj;
y;iy.
iwg;gLj;jg;
khfhz rigf;F KO
khfhz rig> mstpyhd toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;;
mjpfhuq;fs;
Njrpa tFg;G nfhs;if epiyak;
fl;likg;G Nkh
.
gpui[fspd; gq;fspg;ig ngw;Wf;nfhs;sf; rupahd fl;likg;G
$ba
xd;W rigfSf;F khfhz
toq;f Ntz;Lk;.
khfhz rig
uq;fs; hd epu;thf
ijf;F
khtl;lr; khfhz rigapd; nrayhsu;
fPo; epakpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
kj;jpa muR
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fkeyr; Nritfs; tplag; gug;ig kPz;Lk; khfhz rigf;Fs; cs;slf;Fjy;.
khfhz fl;lhak mjpfhuq ngw;Wf;n Ntz;Lk
7. mur Nrit
epakdq;fs;> ,lkhw;wk; kw;Wk; gjtp cau;T njhlu;ghf kj;jpa murpw;Fk;> khfhz rigf;Fk; ,ilapy; khWgl;l fUj;Jf;fs; epyTjy;.
kj;jpa murpdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfp d;wJ.
itj;jpa ,lkhw;w murhq;f Nkw;nfh Ntz;ba mjNdh Vida khfhz toq;fg
8. Njrpa ghlrhiyfs;
kw;Wk;> Njrpa itj;jparhiyfspd; epUthfj;ij kPz;Lk; khfhz rig tplaj;jpDs; cl;gLj;Jjy;.
midj;J jPu;khdq;fSk; kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpdhNy Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfp d;wJ.
midj;J mjpfhuq khfhz ngw;Wf;n nghUj;j kj;jpa Nrita ,lkhw;w murpdh Nkw;nfh Ntz;Lk
9. gazpfs;
Nghf;Ftuj;Jj; njhlu;gpy; kj;jpa murpw;Fk; khfhz rigf;Fk; ,ilapy; fhzg;gLk; gpzf;Ffisj; jPu;j;jy;.
midj;J nraw;g hLfSk; kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpdhNy Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfp d;wJ.
- -
10. khfhz rigf;Fs;
jkJ gpujpepjpfs; ,y;yhj epyg;gug;gpy; thOk; kf;fspdJk; Fyg;gz;ikj;JKila FOf;fspd; nghUshjhu kw;Wk; r%f mgptpUj;jpapd; nghUl;L Njitahd eltbf;iffis vLj;jy;.
khfhz gpujpepj cupa n kw;Wk; nraw;jp eilKi
11. khfhzj;jpw;Nf cupa
nghUshjhu kw;Wk; fyhrhu tsq;fs; njhlu;ghf juTfisr; Nrfupf;fpd;w> Ma;Tfs; nra;fpd;w cupa nraw;j pl;l q;fs; Clhf gpujpgyd;kpf;f epWtdf; fl;likg;ig fl;bnaOg;Gjy;.
gpujpepjpfs; ,y;yhj fhuzj;jpdhy; ,e; eltbf;i f cupa Kiwapy; ,lk;n gWtjpy;iy.
gpujk n ikag;g mjpfst xJf;fPL gad;gL xd;iw Ntz;Lk
12. kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd;
mur mjpfhupfSld; xg;gpLifapy; khfhz rig mur mjpfhupfis
jw;Nghijf;F rpw;rpy nraw;ghLfs; ,lk;n gWfpd;wd. juTfs; Nrfupg;gijj; jtpu NtW nraw;ghLfs; ,y;i y.
kj;jpa murpd;
cupa g mjpfhupfsplk;
tug;gpur ,t;ntz;zNk
khfhzj fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
mjpfhup toq;fg
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
murpdhy;
khfhz rigfSf;F hs;sg;gLfp
fl;lhakhf mjpfhuq;fis ngw;Wf;nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;.
;J q;fSk;
;fj;jpdhNy hs;sg;gLfp
itj;jpau;fspd; ,lkhw;wk; kj;jpa murhq;f j;j pdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;ba mNj Ntis mjNdhL njhlu;Gila Vida mjpfhuq;fs; khfhz rigfSf;F toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR
;J hLfSk;
;fj;jpdhNy hs;sg;gLfp
midj;J mjpfhuq;fisAk; khfhz rigfSf;F ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jy; nghUj;jkhdJ. kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; Nritahf;fypd; ,lkhw;wk; kj;jpa murpdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR
- -
pfs; j
;jpdhy; ,e; ;i f cupa py; Wtjpy;iy.
khfhz rig gpujpepjpfis epakpj;J cupa nray;Kiwfis kw;Wk; nraw;jpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy;.
khfhz rig
ijf;F
hLfs; Wfpd;wd. ; ;gijj;
tW hLfs; .
gpujk nrayhsiu ikag;gLj;jp mjpfsthd xJf;fPLfisAk; gad;gLj;jp fhupahyak; xd;iw mikj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
-
murpd; upfsplk; z;zNk ;gLfpd;wJ.
cupa gapw;rpfs; kw;Wk; tug;gpurhjq;fs; khfhzj;jpd; mjpfhupfSf;Fk; toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig.
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Fiwkjpg;gPL nra;jy;. mDgtk
mjpfhup rigf;F Ntz;Lk
13. xNu tplaj;ij kj;jpa
murhq;fKk; khfhz murhq;fKk; eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy; (,ul;ilr; nraw;ghL)
mjpfhuq flikf kj;jpa KOika flika
14. khfhz rig
Kiwf;Fs;Sk; rpy tplaq;fs; ,ul;ilr; nraw;ghl;bw;F cl;gLj;jg;gl;bUj;jy;.
xl;Lnkhj;jkhf ghu;f;Fk; NghJ gpur;rpidf;Fupa fhuzpahfNt fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. kj;jpa murhq;fj;Jld; ,ize;J eltbf;iffs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfp d;wd.
tplag; jPu;khdpf jpl;l q;f KOika njspTg
15. mjpfhug; gfpu;T
njhlu;ghd nraw;gLj;Jtjw;F
rl;lq;fis
kj;jpa murpd; mjpfhupfs; vjpu;g;Gj; njuptpj;jy;.
Rfhjhuj; JiwapDs; ,t;thwhd rk;gtq;fs; ,lk;n gWtjw;fhd re;ju;g;gq;fs; FiwT. cupa nghWg;G mjpfhupfs;
ld; flikahw;Wfpd;w du;.
kj;jpa mjpfhup njspit mjpfhug njhlu;g kl;lj;jp fye;Ji Vw;gLj;J
16. khfhzj;jpd;
cl;fl;likg;G trjpfis mjpfupg;gjw;F epjp xJf;fPLfs; fpilf;fhik.
mjpfhug; gfpu;T njhlu;gpy; murpd;
kj;jpa
mjpfhupfsplk; tpUg;gkpd;ik fhzg;gLfpwJ.
epjpg; toq;Ff
gq
epWtdq topfhl;l fl;lik Ntz;Lk
17. nfhs;if> jpl;lkply;
kw;Wk; tuT nryT jahupg;G Nghd;w tplaq;fs; gpupTfshfr;
ntt;NtW
nraw;gly;> nryTfs;> KjyPl;Lr;
md;whl
nryTfs; ntt;Ntwhf eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy;.
NghJkhd epjp
msT
fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. mjw;F gpujhd fhuzpahf miktJ mur rhu;gw;w epWtdq;fspd; gq;fspg;ghFk;.
tUlhe;j cs;slq fl;lik khfhz cUthf
18. khfhz uPjpahd
Nritfis NghJ jdpahu; toq;Fk; Jiw cw;gj;jpfSf;F mjpf ftdk; nrYj;jhik.
cupa Kiwapy; ,lk;n gWtjpy;iy.
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© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
mDgtk; tha;e;j mjpfhupfis khfhz rigf;Fs; epakpf;f Ntz;Lk;.
hj;jkhf k; NghJ
df;Fupa
hfNt Lfpd;wJ.
;fj;Jld;
;J ;iffs; hs;sg;gLfp
mjpfhuq;fs; kw;Wk; flikfs; njhlu;g hf kj;jpa murhq;fj;Jld; KOikahd njspTld; flikahw;Wjy;.
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig.
j; pDs; hd ;fs; Wtjw;fhd q;fs; . mjpfhupfs; ;G ld;
hw;Wfpd;w
tplag; gug;G kw;Wk; jPu;khdpf;fg;gl;l jpl;l q;f s; njhlu;g hf KOikahf njspTgLj;Jjy;.
gpujk nrayhsu; cl;gl mikr;Rr; nrayhsu;fs;.
g; gfpu;T py; kj;jpa ;
pfsplk; kpd;ik
LfpwJ.
kj;jpa murpd; mjpfhupfSf;F njspit toq;F cupa
jy;> mjpfhug; gfpu;T njhlu;ghf Njrpa kl;lj;jpyhd fye;Jiuahly; xd;iw Vw;gLj;Jjy;.
kj;jpa muR
hd msT
Lfpd;wJ. gpujhd hf J mur
g;ghFk;. q;fspd;
epjpg; toq;Ffpd;w
gq;fspg;ig
epWtdq;fSk; topfhl;lYf;fhf cupa fl;likg;ig Vw;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.
gpujk khfhz nrayhsu;>
mikr;Rr; nrayhsu;.
Kiwapy;
tUlhe;j kjpg;gPl;bw;F Wtjpy;iy.
cs;slq;Fk; fl;likg;nghd;iw khfhz cUthf;f rigapDs;
Ntz;Lk;.
khfhz rig
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19. epjp nraw;g Mizf;FOtpd;
hLfs; njhlu;ghf xt;nthU khfhz rigapypUe;Jk; gpujpepjp xUtiu ,izg;gjpfhupahf epakpj;jy;.
jw;Nghijf;F mt;thwhdNjhu;
kpfTk; jf;fJ.
t
epiy ,y;iy.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ijf;F whdNjhu; ,y;iy.
kpfTk; jf;fJ.
tuNtw;fj;
epjp khfhz Mizf;FO.
rig> nghWg;G tha;e;j mikr;ru;
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa 2Mk; gbKiw fpof;F khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 03
gpur;rpid
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
khw
1. mwtplg;gLk; tup
njhlu;ghf epjp Mizf;FOtpw;Nfh khfhz rigf;Nfh mjpfhukpd;i k.
khfhz rigfspdhy; tup mwtplg;gLtjpy;i y. Njitahd midj;J epjpfisAk; kj;jpa murhq;fk; ngw;W f;nfhLf;fpd; wJ.
tupfs; n Njrpa n ,Ug;gjd mjw;F khw;W t KbahJ
2. ,uz;L jrhg;jq;fshf
khfhz rigfs; nraw;gl;lhYk; mjpfhug; gfpu;T njhlu;ghf kj;jpa murpd; jiyikf;F murpay; mjp~;lhdk; ,d;ik.
kj;jpa muRf;F cz;ikapNy mt;thwhd xU vz;z k; ,y;iy. khfhz rigf;F vjpuhd fUj;J j; njuptpf;Fk; gpuptpdNu kj;jpa murpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wdu;.
mjpfhug njhlu;gh toq;Fj fpof;fpw cUthf rig K nfhs;if cUthf
3. khfhz rigf;Fs;
,Uf;Fk; rpW ,df; FOf;fspd; mgpyhi~fis cupa Kiwapy; eilKiwg;gLj;j KbahJs;sik.
,e;epyik ,t;thNw fhzg;gLfpd;wJ
,e;epyi khw;Wtj eltbf;i Ntz;Lk
4. NkypUe;J fPohd
nray;j pl;l k; jahupf;Fk; njhlu;r;rpahd gbKiw cjhuzk;: tuT nryTj; jpl;lj; jahupg;G> fk neFk> kf neFk Nghd;w ntspehl;L epjpAjtpapd; %yk; nraw;gLj;Jk; nraw;jpl;lq;fs; eilKiwg;gLj;JtJ ,d;Wk; NkypUe;J fPNohfNt.
- kj;jpa m
rig c epWtdq jpl;lq;fi tFg;gjw re;ju;g;gj nfhLj;j jpl;lq;fi jahupf;F rl;lj;jpy toq;fg;g y; mtw gad;ghl
5. Ra [PtNdhghak; njhlu;ghd jPu;khdq;fspd; NghJ gpui[fspd; fUj;Jf;fSf;F
Vida khfhz rigfs; fhzg;gLk; epyikia ,q;Fk; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
gpui[fs fUj;Jf kLf;Fk; eilKi $ba fl
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
lahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
iufs; ,yf;fk; - 03
;NghJs;s piyik
khw;W topfs; nghWg;G
pdhy; tup g;gLtjpy;i itahd
;J sAk;
murhq;fk; ;nfhLf;fpd;
tupfs; njhlu;ghf Njrpa nfhs;if xd;W ,Ug;gjd; fhuzkhf mjw;F Nkyjpfkhf khw;W topfisf; $w KbahJ.
kj;jpa muR
muRf;F kapNy whd xU k; ,y;iy. rigf;F fUj;J j; f;Fk;
Nu kj;jpa ; ;gLfpd;wdu;.
mjpfhug; gfpu;T njhlu;ghd mwpt+l;liy toq;Fjy;. tlf;F fpof;fpw;nfd cUthf;fg;gl;l khfhz rig Kiwf;F cupa nfhs;if xd;iw cUthf;Fjy;.
kj;jpa muR> nfhs;if tFg;ghsu;fs;.
ik Nw ;gLfpd;wJ
,e;epyikia khw;Wtjw;F mjpfhupfs; eltbf;if vLf;f Ntz;Lk;.
khfhz rig> gpujk nrayhsu;.
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig cs;@uhl;rp epWtdq;fSf;F cupa jpl;lq;fis tFg;gjw;fhd re;ju;g;gj;ij ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;. mt;t hW jpl;lq;fisj; jahupf;Fk; mjpfhuk; rl;lj;jpy; toq;fg;gl;Ls;sikapdh y; mtw;iw gad;ghl;bw;F vLj;jy;.
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig> cs;@uhl;rp kd;wq;fs;.
khfhz ; ;gLk;
ia ,q;Fk; ;gLfpd;wJ.
gpui[fspd; fUj;Jf;fSf;F nrtp kLf;Fk; my;yJ eilKiwg;gLj;jf; $ba fl;l ikg;n ghd;i w
khfhz rig> mjpfhupfs;.
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12. kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd;
mur mjpfhupfSld; xg;gpLifapy; khfhz rig mur mjpfhupfis Fiwkjpg;gPL nra;jy;.
,J cz;ik kj;jpa
mjpfhup epiyia (khfhz mjpfhupf mjpfhupf vz;zj mtu;fS Vw;gLj;J
13. xNu tplaj;ij kj;jpa
murhq;fKk; khfhz murhq;fKk; eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy; (,ul;ilr; nraw;ghL)
kj;jpa kw;Wk; k mikr;r Nkw;nfh eltbf;i njspth eilKi mtw;wpd nghWg;G Gupe;Jnf nraw;gL ,U mi njhlu;Gg
14. khfhz rig
Kiwf;Fs;Sk; rpy tplaq;fs; ,ul;ilr; nraw;ghl;bw;F cl;gLj;jg;gl;bUj;jy;.
,J ,t;thNw eilngWfpd;wJ.
cupa n njhlu;gh fye;Ji eilKi
15. mjpfhug; gfpu;T
njhlu;ghd rl;lq;fis nraw;gLj;Jtjw;F kj;jpa murpd; mjpfhupfs; njuptpj;jy;.
vjpu;g;Gj;
,q;F mt;thwhdjhd epyikfs; ,lk; ngWtjw;f hd re;ju;g;gq;fs; FiwT.
mjpfhug Kf;fpaj njspTg rigr; r njhlu;gh njspTg Vw;gLj;j Njitg njspT Vw;gLj;J
16. khfhzj;jpd;
cl;fl;likg;G trjpfis mjpfupg;gjw;F epjp xJf;fPLfs; fpilf;fhik.
mjpfhug; gfpu;T njhlu;ghf fUj;Jj; njuptpf;Fk; mNj Ntis vjpuhfTk;
mjw;F
fUj;J f;fis njuptpj;jy;. jPu;khdk; vLf;Fk; mjpfhuq;f is gfpu;tjw;F tpUg;gkpd;ik khfhz rig Kiwia vjpu;f;Fk; xU gpuptpdu; kj;jpa murpy; ,Uj;jy;.
kj;jpa murpd;
Kfhik mDkjp
njhlu;gh ngw;W f;nfhs;tjw;
gpur;rpid fhd jilfs;
jPu;j;jy;. fhzg;gLjy;
rigfs epjp Mizf;FOtpd; jilfs; fhzg;gLjy;.
mwtplg tupfis toq;Ft Mizf toq;fg; khfhz rigr; rl;lj;jpd; fPo; tupfisr; Nru;j;jhYk;
epjpfis nfhLg;g eltbf;i
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
z;ik kj;jpa murpd;
mjpfhupfSf;F njspT epiyia Vw;gLj;Jjy; (khfhz rig mjpfhupfSk; mur mjpfhupfs; vd;w vz;zj;ij mtu;fSf;F Vw;gLj;Jjy;.
kj;jpa muR> nrayhsu;fs;
t;thNw
kj;jpa murpd; mikr;R Wfpd;wJ.
kw;Wk; khfhz rig mikr;rpdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; eltbf;iffs; njspthf NtWgLj;jp eilKiwg;gLj;jy;. mtw;wpd; nghWg;Gf;fis Gupe;Jnfhz;L nraw;gLj;Jjy;. ,U mikr;Rf;fSk; njhlu;Ggl;L nraw;gly;.
Fwpg;gpl;l mikr;rpd; nrayhsu;fs;> kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig.
whdjhd fs; ,lk;
w;f hd ;gq;fs;
.
cupa nraw;ghLfs; njhlu;ghf fye;Jiuahb eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gly;.
mikr;Rr; nrayhsu;fs;> mjpfhupfs;.
g; gfpu;T hf j;
;Fk; mNj
Tk;
mjw;F
f;fis ;jy;. k; vLf;Fk;
q;f is w;F kpd;ik rig a k; xU u; kj;jpa
; ,Uj;jy;.
mjpfhug; gfpu;tpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ijj; njspTgLj;jy;. khfhz rigr; rl;lq;fs; njhlu;ghf njspTgLj;jy;. ,it Vw;gLj;jg;gl;ljd; Njitg;ghL njhlu;ghf njspT epiyia Vw;gLj;Jjy;.
kj;jpa muR nrayhsu;fs; nfhs;if tFg;ghsu;fs;.
murpd; p ;nfhs;tjw; ilfs; Ljy;
f;FOtpd;
; Ljy;.
rigr; pd; fPo; sr; hYk;
Kfhikj;Jtk; njhlu;ghd gpur;rpidfisj; jPu;j;jy;. khfhz rigfshy; mwtplg;gLfpd;w tupfis mtu;fSf;Nf toq;FtJk; epjp Mizf;FOtpdhy; toq;fg;gLk; midj;J epjpfisAk; nfhLg;gjw;F
ngw;Wf;
eltbf;if vLj;jy;.
kj;jpa muR> epjp Mizf;FO
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me;epjp mstpidf; Fiwj;Jf; nfhz;Nl vkf;F epjp xJf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
17. nfhs;if> jpl;lkply;
kw;Wk; tuT nryT jahupg;G tplaq;fs; Nghd;w
ntt;NtW gpupTfshfr; nraw;gly;> nryTfs;> KjyPl;Lr;
md;whl
nryTfs; ntt;Ntwhf eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy;.
- -
18. khfhz uPjpahd
Nritfis toq;Fk; NghJ jdpahu; Jiw cw;gj;jpfSf;F mjpf ftdk; nrYj;jhik.
,ij Vw nray;K cUthf
19. epjp Mizf;FOtpd; nraw;g hLfs; njhlu;ghf xt;nthU khfhz rigapypUe;Jk; gpujpepjp xUtiu ,izg;gjpfhupahf epakpj;jy;.
,ij nraw;gLj;JtJ njhlu;ghd topKiw xd;W ,y;i y.
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© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
p
df; ;Nl ;Jf;
vkf;F
g;gLfpd;wJ.
- -
Lj;JtJ
hd w xd;W .
,ij Vw;gLj;Jtjw;fhd nray;Kiw xd;iw cUthf;Fjy;
khfhz rig
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa 2Mk; gbKiw fpof;F khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 04
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
01. mwtplg;gLk; tup
njhlu;ghf Mizf;FOtpw;Nfh
epjp
khfhz rigf;Nfh mjpfhukpd;i k.
-
02. ,uz;L jrhg;jq;fshf
khfhz rigfs; nraw;gl;lhYk; mjpfhug; gfpu;T njhlu;ghf kj;jpa murpd; jiyikf;F murpay; mjp~;lhdk; ,d;ik.
khfhz rig rl;lq;fs; rupah? gpioah? vd;W Fwpg;gpLtij tpl mJ jw;NghJ eilKiwapy; cs;sJ vd;Nw Fwpg;gpl Ntz;Lk;.
03. khfhz rigf;Fs;
,Uf;Fk; rpW ,df; FOf;fspd; mgpyhi~fis cupa Kiwapy; eilKiwg;gLj;j KbahJs;sik.
,yq;ifapy; jkpo; rpq;fs nkhopfis mur fUk nkhopfshf gpufldg;gLj;jp ,Ug;gpDk; fpof;F khfhzj;jpy; jpUNfhzkiy mk;ghiw Nghd;w gpuNjrq;fspy; gpur;rpidf;Fupa XusT
fhuzpahff; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
04. NkypUe;J fPohd
nray;j pl;l k; jahupf;Fk; njhlu;r;rpahd gbKiw cjhuzk;: tuT nryTj; jpl;lj; jahupg;G> fk neFk> kf neFk Nghd;w ntspehl;L epjpAjtpapd; %yk; nraw;gLj;Jk; nraw;jpl;lq;fs; eilKiwg;gLj;JtJ ,d;Wk; NkypUe;J fPNohfNt.
,r; nraw;ghL njhlu;ghf vkJ midj;J khtl;lq;fspYk; khtl;l xUq;fpizg;Gf; FOf;fs; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. VjhtJ xU jpl;lk; jahupg;gjhapd; mJ njhlu;ghf xUq;fpizg;Gf; FOTld; fye;Jiuahb jPu;khdk; vLj;j gpd;dNu mr;nray;jpl;lk; eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLk;. fkneFk Xustpy; ghu;f;Fk; NghJ Politics rhu;e;jjhfNt Local Authority Projects Identify grass root kl;lj;jpNy jPu;khdpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. Local Authority %yk; milahsk; fhz;git B.v]; ClhfNt eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.
05. Njrpa ghlrhiyfs;
kw;Wk;> Njrpa itj;jparhiyfspd; epUthfj;ij kPz;Lk; khfhz rig tplaj;jpDs; cl;gLj;Jjy;.
Njrpa ghlrhiyfs; kpfTk; ey;y epiyapNyNa cs;sd. fy;tp njhlu;ghd mjpfhuq;fs; toq;fg;gl;lhYk mit vk;kplk; ,Ue;J gupf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Educationa System ,d;W Result Oriented MfpAs;sJ. khztu;fs; bA~id ek;gpNa cs;sdu;. vdNt Njrpa ghlrhiyfs; vd;gJ ,dpNkYk;
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
lahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ufs; ,yf;fk; - 04
;NghJs;s epiyik khw;W topfs; nghWg;G
- -
rig rl;lq;fs; gpioah? vd;W Ltij tpl mJ J eilKiwapy;
vd;Nw Fwpg;gpl k;.
13 tJ murpay; mikg;G rPu;jpUj;jj;ij Recentralized nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
-
fapy; jkpo; rpq;fs is mur fUk shf gpufldg;gLj;jp Dk; fpof;F
zkiy j;jpy; mk;ghiw Nghd;w q;fspy; df;Fupa XusT
fhuzpahff; Lfpd;wJ.
ve;jnthU eltbf;ifahf ,Ug;gpDk; jkpo; rpq;fsk; ,uz;L nkhopfspYk; nraw;g Ljy;
kj;jpa muR khfhz rig
aw;ghL njhlu;ghf
idj;J q;fspYk; khtl;l pizg;Gf; FOf;fs;
;fg;gl;Ls;sd. VjhtJ l;lk; jahupg;gjhapd; jhlu;ghf pizg;Gf; FOTld; iuahb jPu;khdk; vLj;j u mr;nray;jpl;lk; iwg;gLj;jg;gLk;.
k Xustpy; ghu;f;Fk; Politics rhu;e;jjhfNt
uthority Projects grass root kl;lj;jpNy pf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. Local ity %yk; milahsk;
t B.v]; ClhfNt iwg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.
fPo; kl;lj;jpy; juTfis mwpe;J nray;jpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;Jj y;.
-
ghlrhiyfs; kpfTk; piyapNyNa cs;sd. njhlu;ghd
q;fs; toq;fg;gl;lhYk; vk;kplk; ,Ue;J ;gl;Ls;sd. Educational ,d;W Result Oriented ;sJ. khztu;fs; d ek;gpNa cs;sdu;. Njrpa ghlrhiyfs; ,dpNkYk;
,e;j epWtdq;fis khfhz rigapd; fPo; nfhz;LtUtjhy; gpur;rpidfs; Vw;glyhk;. jw;NghJ cs;s epiyapy; mtw;iwf; nfhz;L elj;Jtjw;fhd nghUshjhu Mw;wy;fs; vk;kplk; ,y;yhj
kj;jpa muR
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ngWkjpahdnjhd;wy;y .
06. kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd;
mur mjpfhupfSld; xg;gpLifapy; khfhz rig mur mjpfhupfis Fiwkjpg;gPL nra;jy;.
$Ljyhdtu;fs; ek;Gfpd;wdu; Local Authority nra;a Ntz;baJ Fg;igfis my;Y tJk; kyry$lq;f is Jg;GuT nra;tJNk vd;W
07. khfhzj;jpd;
cl;fl;likg;G trjpfis mjpfupg;gjw;F epjp xJf;fPLfs; fpilf;fhik.
epjpfis Nrfupg;gjw;fhd trjpfs; ,q;F ,y;iy. khfhz rigapd; Revenue it kj;jpa murhq;fk; ghtidf;F vLj;Js;sJ.
08. khfhz uPjpahd
Nritfis toq;Fk; NghJ jdpahu; Jiw cw;gj;jpfSf;F mjpf ftdk; nrYj;jhik.
khfhzj;jpd; mgptpUj;jp nraw;ghLfSf;F jdpahu; Jiwapd; gq;fspg;G mjpfkhfNt fpilf;fpd;wJ. cjhuzk;: UNO, WFO Nghd;w INGO f;fs; khfhzj;jpd; mgptpUj;jpf;fhf gq;fspg;ig ey;fpAs;sd. jdpahu; JiwapdUld; flikahw;Wk; NghJ $Ljyhd re;ju;g;gq;fspy; Donors fspd cjtp fpilf;fpd;wJ. MapDk; mit ePz;lfhy mgptpUj;jpj; jpl;lq;fs; my;yhky; ,Ug;g jpdhy; gpujpgydpd;wp fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
pahdnjhd;wy;y . fhuzj;j pdhy; mit kj;jpa murpd; fPo; ,Ug;gJ ey;yJ. ,Ug;gpDk; itj;jpau;fis epakpj;jy;> ,lkhw;wq;fs; njhu;ghd mjpfhuk; khfhz rigf;F toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
hdtu;fs; ek;Gfpd;wdu;
uthority nra;a aJ Fg;igfis
Jk; kyry$lq;f is
nra;tJNk vd;W
kf;fspd; kNdh epiyia khw;w Ntz;Lk;. rl;lj;jpw;Fk; kf;fSf;Fk; ,ilapy; fhzg;gLk; ,ilntspiaf; Fiwj;J rl;lk; njhlu;ghd njspit mtu;fSf;F ngw;W f;nfhLj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
-
s Nrfupg;gjw;fhd s; ,q;F ,y;iy.
rigapd; Revenue j;jpa murhq;fk;
f;F vLj;Js;sJ.
epjp xJf;fPLfis [dehaf uPjpahfTk; Rje;jpukhfTk; nra;a Ntz;Lk;. khfhz rigfSld; fye;Jiuahb jPu;khdq;fis vLg;gjw;F epjp Mizf;FO gf;fr; rhu;g w;w pUf;f Ntz;Lk;. mq;F gpuNjrthjpfs; my;yhj murpay; fl;rp rhuhj egu;fs; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;.
-
j;jpd; mgptpUj;jp hLfSf;F jdpahu; pd; gq;fspg;G hfNt fpilf;fpd;wJ.
k;: UNO, WFO INGO f;fs; j;jpd; j;jpf;fhf gq;fspg;ig s;sd. jdpahu; pdUld; flikahw;Wk; $Ljyhd ;gq;fspy; Donors fspd;
fpilf;fpd;wJ. k; mit ePz;lfhy
j;jpj; jpl;lq;fs; ky; ,Ug;g jpdhy;
dpd;wp ;gLfpd;wJ.
khfhzj;j pd; mgptpUj;jpapd; nghUl;L NGO, INGO cjtpfisg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;s
Donors fs; njhlu;ghf fye;JiuahLk; NghJ gpuNjr kl;lj;jpy; fye;Jiuahb khfhz rigapD}lhf eilKiwg;gLj;Jj y;.
khfhz rig NGO, INGO
khfhz rig
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l 2Mk; gbKiw rgufKt khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk
gpur;rpid jw;Nghija
#o;epiy 1. Kfhikj;Jt Nritfs; jpizf;f sk; kw;Wk; jpizf;fsq;fs; %yk; tpepNahfpf;fg;gLk; Rw;WepUgq;fs;
Nru;j;J mjpfh rigf
2. xUq;fpia epuy;
gl;bay;
1. mj;jpahtrpa gjtpfisf; $l cUthf;Ftjw;fhd mDkjp ,y;yhik.
2. mDkjpf;fg;gl;l gjtpfSf;F epge;jidfs; tpjpj;jy;.
njspt tiut nra;j
xj;jpa xopj;j 3. epjp Mizf;FO
mjpfhuq;fis kPwp nraw;gLjy;.
1. gpur;rpidf;FupaJ. c-k;: #oy;> Rw;Wyh> kpd; tY
1. nj m jPu
2. epj t
4. kf;fs; tpfpjhrhug;gb
khfhzj;jpw;F epjp xJf;fhik. 5. tUlj;jpw;F
xJf;fg;gl;Ls;s epjpia cupa epjpahz;Lf;Fs; toq;fhik.
1. epjp xJf;Ftjpy;
njspthd msTNfhy;fs; ,y;yhik.
2. khfhz eltbf;iffis
rig
Njitapd;wp fl;Lg;gLj;Jjy;.
epjpia Neuj;j
6. tUlj;Jf;F
xJf;fg;gl;Ls;s khdpaq;fis ,ilapy; ntl;b tpLjy;.
mgptpUj;jpj; jpl;lq;fs; rpijtiljy;.
jpl;lk toq;F
7. khfhz rig
tplaq;fis kPwp kj;jpa mikr;Rf;fSk;
murhq;f
jpizf;fSk; mtw;iwr; nraw;gLj;jy;.
me;epiyik epyTfpwJ.
xg;gi tplaq mikr xopj;j
8. ntw;wplq;fis epug;GtjpYs;s jilfs;.
me;epiyik epyTfpwJ.
ehlshtpa
ntw;w NritfSf;fhd
epug;Gt ntw;wplq;fis
eltb epug;Gtjpy; rigfis
khfhz
ftdj;jpy; vLf;fhik.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
bg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 01
;Nghija o;epiy
khw;W W top top nghWg;G
pahtrpa sf; $l ;Ftjw;fhd p ,y;yhik.
jpf;fg;gl;l
dfs; f;F
;.
Nru;j;Jf; nfhs;Sk; mjpfhuj;ij khfhz rigf;F toq;Fjy;.
Kfhikj;Jt Nritfs; jpizf;fk;
kh.m.Nr.M.F.
pidf;FupaJ.
njspthf oy;> Rw;Wyh>
tiutpyf;fzk; nra;jy;.
xj;jpaq;F gl;baiy xopj;jy;.
muR khfhz rig
xJf;Ftjpy;
pthd TNfhy;fs; ;yhik.
z bf;iffis rig
g;gLj;Jjy;. tapd;wp
1. njspthd
msTNfhy;fisj; jPu;khdpj;jy;.
2. epjp Rje;jpuj;ij
toq;Fjy;.
muR
Njrpa epjp
Mizf;FO
j;jpj; s;
ljy;.
epjpia cupa
jpiwNrupr; Neuj;jpy; toq;Fjy;.
nrayhsu; epjpaikr;ru;
ik
jpl;lkpl;lgb epjp
epjp J.
toq;Fjy;.
Mizf;FO jpiwNrup
ik
xg;gilf;fg;gl;l J.
tplaq;fSf;Fupa mikr;Rf;fis xopj;jy;.
muR
pa Sf;fhd q;fis
s
py; khfhz
py; k.
ntw;wplq;fis epug;Gtjw;F eltbf;if vLj;jy;.
nghJ epUthf mikr;R
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9. gpuNjr epUthf
eltbf;i ffs; gw;wpAs;s epWtdq;fis kj;jpa muR nghWg;Ngw;wy;.
kPz;Lk nray fhupah khfhz fPo; n
10. khfhz rig
tplaq;fSf;Fupa ntspehl;L fUj;jpl;lq;fis
cjtp
kj;jpa muR nraw;gLj;Jjy;.
khfhz rig eltbf;iffis gpuNjr nrayhsu;fs; ftdj;jpy; vLf;fhik.
ntspe fUj;j khfhz %yk; nraw
11. ejpf; fiufspy;
kzy;> kw;Wk; tdtsq;fs; fdpg;nghUs;
gw;wpa fUj;jpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjp y; rigfSf;fpilapYk;
khfhz
kj;jpa murhq;fk; kw;Wk; khfhz rigfSf;fpilapYk; mjpfhuq;fisf; ifahs;tjpy; gpur;rpidfs; Vw;gLjy;.
Kd;Ndw;wkpy;yhik> jhkjk;> epjp tpuak;> juf; ,y;yhik.
fl;Lg;ghL
#oy; gpur;rpidfs;
khfhz Njhd;wpapUj;jy;.
rktha cUt
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20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
rig ;iffis
u;fs; py; k.
kPz;Lk; gpuNjr nrayhsu; fhupahyaq;fis khfhz rigfspd; fPo; nfhzu;jy;.
nghJ epUthf mikr;R
;wkpy;yhik> epjp tpuak;>
k. ;Lg;ghL
ntspehl;L cjtpf; fUj;jpl;lq;fis khfhz %yk;
rigfs;
nraw;gLj;Jjy;.
cupa mikr;R
pur;rpidfs;
khfhz rig pUj;jy;.
rkthaq;fis cUthf;fhik.
khfhz rig
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l 2Mk; gbKiw rgufKt khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk
gpur;rpid jw;Nghija
#o;epiy
1. 13 MtJ ahg;Gj;
jpUj;jj;jpd; gb khfhz cupa mjpfhuq;fis rigfSf;F
toq;fhik kw;Wk; toq;fg;gl;Ls;s mjpfhuq;fis ifahs;tjw;Fj; Njitah epjp khdpaq;fis cupa Kiwapy; toq;fhikAk; jiyaPLk;
murj;
-
2. kdpj tsq;fis cupagb ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjpYs;s jilfSk; ,ayhikAk;.
FOtpy; 01 ,y; fye;Jiuahlg; gl;Ls;sJ
mJ mt;thNw. -
3. rpy mjpfhupfs;
kj;jpa murhq;fj;Jf;Fk; khfhz rigf;Fk; nghWg;Gf; $Wjy;.
me;epiyik
,t;tj epyTfpwJ.
epakpf mjpfh rigf Ntz
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20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
bg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 02
;Nghija o;epiy
khw;W top nghWg;G
; 01 ,y; uahlg; J
- -
;thNw. - -
ik
,t;tjpfhupfis J.
epakpf;Fk; mjpfhuj;ij rigf;F toq;f
khfhz
Ntz;Lk;.
cupa mikr;R khfhz rig
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l 2Mk; gbKiw rgufKt khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk
gpur;rpid d jw;Nghi jw;Nghija
#o;epiy 1. rl;l uPjpapy; toq;fg;gl;l
mjpfhuq;fis khfhz rigfSf;F toq;Fjtjw;F kj;jpa kw;Wk; mt;tjpfhuq;fis muR tpUk;ghik
khfhz rigfs; %yk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;F eltbf;i f vLf;f hik.
mjpf toq nfhs elt
2. epjpg; gpur;rpidfs;
i) xg;gilf;fg;gl;l tUkhd Cw;Wf;fs; Nghjhik. ii) murpd; khdpq;fs; kPJ jq;fNtz;bapUj;jy;. iii) khdpaq;fs; toq;Fjpy; msTNfhw; FiwghLfs;. iv) cld;gl;l khdpaq;fSf;fhd epjpia cupa Neuj;jpy; KOikahf toq;fhik. v) mjpfhupfs; njhlu;gpy; rk;gsk; kw;Wk; nfhLg;gdTfis muR Rw;WepUgq;fspd; Ntz;bapUg;gpDk; gb mjw;fhd nra;a
Nkyjpf khdpaq;fs; fpilf;fhik vi) muR kw;Wk; khfhz rig Copau;fspd; trjpfs; kw;Wk; gad;fisg; nfhLg;gjpYs;s ngw;Wf;
Kuz;ghLfs;
epiyik epyTfpwJ.
cw;g ,w;F %yk rig Fwpg tUk ngw;W nra;j
tUk mjpf nra;j
,J jPu;kh vLf;F toq
Kiw toq
Nky toq
rkkh kw;W toq
3. ahg;G uPjpahd
eltbf;iffs; njhlu;gpy; tpsf;fk; murpw;F tha;g;ghd
nfhLg;gjpy;
tpsf;fq;fis toq;Fjy;.
,e;epiyik epyTfpwJ.
,Uf;Fk; tUkhd Cw;Wf;fs; kPJ mwtPl;Lj;
cs;s
jilfs;
,e;eiyik epyTfpwJ
,e;epiyik epyTfpwJ
,e;epiyik epyTfpwJ
,e;epyik epyTfpwJ
c-k;: mdu;j;jf; fld;fs;> Rfhjhuk;> rk;gsq;fs;
-
4. Njrpa nfhs;iffs; kPJ
khfhz nghWg;Ngw;wy;.
rig tplaq;fis
,e;epyik
epyTfpwJ.
epyik
1. Nj epyTfpwJ
n c k t n
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
bg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 03
jw;Nghi jw;Nghija #o;epiy
khw;W top nghWg;G
epiyik
mjpfhuq;fis epyTfpwJ.
toq;fTk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sTk; eltbf;if vLj;jy;.
muRk; khfhz rigAk;
,e;epiyik epyTfpwJ.
,Uf;Fk; tUkhd Cw;Wf;fs; kPJ mwtPl;Lj;
cs;s
jilfs;
,e;eiyik epyTfpwJ
,e;epiyik epyTfpwJ
,e;epiyik epyTfpwJ
,e;epyik epyTfpwJ
c-k;: mdu;j;jf; fld;fs;> Rfhjhuk;> rk;gsq;fs;
cw;gj;jp kw;Wk; ,w;Fkjp %yk; khfhz
tupfs;
rigfSf;F Fwpg;gpl;lnjhU tUkhdj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nra;jy;.
nfhLf;f top
tUkhdj;ij mjpfupg;gjw;F top nra;jy;.
,J gw;wpa jPu;khdq;fis vLf;F k; cupikia toq;Fjy;.
Kiwahf toq;Fjy;.
epjpia
Nkyjpf khdpaq;fis toq;Fjy;
rkkhd re;ju;g;gq;fs; kw;Wk; gad;fis toq;Fjy;.
epjp mikr;R
khfhz rig
epjp Mizf;FO khfhz rig
jpiwNrup
epjp mikr;R
epjp Mizf;FO kw;Wk; kj;jpa muR
cupa mikr;Rf;fs;
khfhz rig
,e;epyik
- - epyTfpwJ.
epyik
1. Njrpa epyTfpwJ
nfhs;iffis cUthf;Fjy; kw;Wk; tiutpyf;fzk; nra;jy;.
muR
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l 2Mk; gbKiw rgufKt khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk
gpur;rpid jw;Nghija
#o;epiy
1. toq;fg;gl;Ls;s
mjpfhuq;fis kPz;Lk; 

Page 113
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l 2Mk; gbKiw rgufKt khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk
gpur;rpid jw;Nghija
#o;epiy
1. 13 jpUj;jk; MtJ ajhu;j;jk;
ahg;Gj;
mw;wnjhd;whf
Kiw tYT
2. gjtpfSk;
ntw;wplq;fSk; G+u;j;j p nra;ag;glhikAk; mit njhlu;gpy; Ntz;lhj jiyaPlfSk; (ehlshtpa NritfSk; gjtpfSk;)
gpur;rpidfSf;F kj;jpapy; nraw;gLj;Jjy;.
gpur;rpidf;FupaJ mjpf
khfhz xg;gi
3. epjp tsq;fs;
Nghjpastpy; Neuj;jpw;F toq;fg;glhikAk; mit tiuaWf;fg;gLtjd; %yk; (7% Fiwj;jy;) neUf;fb
epjp
epiyikfisj; Njhw;Wtpjjy;
tUl epjp t
4. epjp %yk; Mizf;FO
rpghu;R nra;ag;gl;l khdpaq;fs; khfhzq;fSf;Ff; fpilf;Fk; epr;rkaw;w fhuzkhf
epiy
mgptpUj;jpj; jpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;j Kbahik.
Neuj;jpw;F epjp toq;fg;glhikahy; vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gl;l kl;lj;jpy; mgptpUj;jp Vw;glhik.
mt;thNw cs;sJ cWj
toq;F
5. khfhz rigfSf;F xg;gilf;fg;gl;l tplaq;fs; njhlu;gpy; kj;jpa murpd; mikr;Rf;fs; jpizf;fsq;fs;
kw;Wk;
Njitaw;w jiyaPLfs; %yk; khfhz rigfis nraypof;fr; nra;tjw;F Kaw;rp
mt;thNw cs;sJ. Njit
jiy eltb
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
bg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 05
;Nghija
khw;W top nghWg;G o;epiy
dfSf;F
; Lj;Jjy;.
Kiwahf tYT+l;lg;gly;.
kj;jpa muR
df;FupaJ mjpfhuq;fis
khfhz kl;lj;jpy; xg;gilj;jy;
kjpa muR
;F epjp ;glhikahy;
py; ;f;fg;gl;l
j;jp k.
tUl njhlf;fj;jpy;
kj;jpa muR epjp toq;FJy;
w cs;sJ cWjpahf toq;Fjy;.
cupagb
kj;jpa muR
w cs;sJ. Njitaw;w
jiyaPLfis jLf;f eltbf;if vLj;jy;.
kj;jpa muR
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vLj;jy;.
6. khfhzj;jpy; cs;s gy;NtW tsq;fis khfhzj;jpd; ed;ikf;fhf gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sk; tifapy; kj;jpa murhy; cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;s rl;lq;fis ePf;Fjy;.
mJ mtt;thNw mJ m
7. mjpfhug; rl;lq;fis
gfpu;T
nraw;gLj;Jtij kj;jpa mur mjpfhupfs; vjpu;j;jy;.
vjpu;g;Gfs; cz;L cupa
tpopg;G
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
tt;thNw mJ mt;thNw kj;jpa muR
s; cz;L cupa tpopg;G+l;Ljy;.
mjpfhupfSf;F
kj;jpa muR
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l 2Mk; gbKiw rgufKt khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk;
gpr;rpid jw;Nghija #o;epiy k 1. kj;jpa murpd; %yk;
khfhzj;jpw;fhf toq;Fk; epjpiaf; Fiwj;jy;.
khfhz tUkhdk; kPs khfhzj;jpw;Ff; fpilf;fhik
k t k K K g 2. jw;fhyj;jpy; NghjpasT
NghJkhd epjp
N epjp fpilf;fhik.
fpilf;fhik
f 3. ehl;bd; mbg;gilr;
rl;lj;ij eilKiwg;gLj;JtjpY s;s rthy;fs;
rl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;Jk; mjpfhuq;fs; ,y;yhik
r e m k r t 4. gpuNjr mgptpUj;jpj;
jpl;lq;fSf;F Kiwahd Kd;Dupik toq;fg;glhik
cupa Kd;Dupik
N fpilf;fhik
t
5. khfhz eltbf;iffis
rigf;Fupa
(khfhz rigapd; cld;ghbd;wp) kj;jpa murpd; %yk; epiwNtw;w eltbf;if vLj;jy;.
khfhz nraw;ghLfs; rigf;Fupa
kPJ kj;jpa murpd; mOj;jk; cz;L.
k r e R e ,
6. Nkw;gb rthy;fs;
fhuzkhf mjpfhug; gfpu;Tf; kf;f s; kj;jpapy;
Nfhl;ghL
ntWf;fj; jf;f jhapUj;jy;
kf;fs; kj;jpapy;
K ntWg;G cz;L.
g
7. 13 MtJ ahg;Gj; jpUj;jk; toq;fpa mjpfhuj;ij kPz;Lk; ngWtjpy; gpur;rpidfs; cz;L. nghJr; Nritfspy;
mt;thNw
Kf;fpa mk;rq;fis kj;jpa muR jhd; itj;Jf; nfhz;Ls;sNjhL mgptpUj;jp Kaw;rpapd; ,Wjpg; ngWNgW njhlu;gpy; nghWg;Gf; $WtJ ahu;
ahu; vd;w njspT ,y;yhik.
c-k;: i) 'kfneFk" (tPjp
Nkk;ghL) kw;Wk; 'fkneFk' (fpuhk Nkk;ghL) Nghd;w ntspehl;L cjtp ngWk;
gpur;rpidfs; cz;L. ,e;epiyikapy; kf;fSf;F cupa ngWNgW fpilf;fhJ.
cld;gl Kbahj
1 j m k r t
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
g;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 06
ghija #o;epiy khw;W top nghWg;G hz tUkhdk; kPs hzj;jpw;Ff;
f;fhik
khfhz tUkhdq;fis khfhzj;jpw;Fs; Kiwahd Kfhikapd; fPo; gfpe;jspj;jy;.
khfhz rig kw;Wk; kj;jpa muR
khd epjp
NghJkhd epj
kj;jpa muR f;fhik
fpilf;fhik q;fis
fhuq;fs;
Kiwg;gLj;Jk;
hik
rl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;Jk; mjpfhuq;fis khfhz rigfSf;F toq;Fjy;.
kj;jpa muR
Kd;Dupik
Nghjpa khdpak;
kj;jpa muR f;fhik
toq;fhik
kw;Wk; khfhz rig hz w;ghLfs; rigf;Fupa
kPJ pa murpd; j;jk; cz;L.
khfhz rigfSf;Fupa eltbf;iffis Rje;jpukhf epiwNtw;w ,lkspj;jy;
kj;jpa muR
s; kj;jpapy;
Kiwahd mjpfhug;
muRk; g;G cz;L.
gfpu;T
khfhz rigAk;
;rpidfs; cz;L.
piyikapy; Sf;F cupa NgW fpilf;fhJ.
;gl Kbahj
13 MtJ ahg;Gj; jpUj;jk; toq;fpa mjpfhuj;ij kPz;Lk; khfhz rigfSf;Nf toq;Fjy;.
kj;jpa muR
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nraw;jpl;lq;fs; NkypUe;J fPo; Nehf;fpa mbg;gilapNyNa eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;w d.
ii) Njrpa ghlrhiyfs;
kw;Wk; Njrpa itj;jparhiyfspd; epUthfg; kj;jpa muR nghWg;ig
Vw;Ws;sjhy; Vw;gl;Ls;s epiyik.
iii) khfhz rigapd; fPo; ,Ue;j nghJ epUthfk; kw;Wk; fkey Nritfs; tplak; xg;gilf;fg;gl;lik.
kj;jpa murplk;
epWtdq;fSf;fpilapy;
K Kuz;ghL cz;L
x
,e;epiyik
m epyTfpwJ
k

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
dq;fSf;fpilapy;
;ghL cz;L
piyik fpwJ
Kuz;ghLfis xopj;jy;
me;j mjpfhuq;fis kPs toq;Fjy;
kj;jpa muR
kj;jpa muR khfhz rigfs;
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njr 2Mk; gbKiw njd; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 01
gpur;rpid
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
khw
01. khfhz mgptpUj;jp
njhlu;ghf murpay;thjpfSf;Fk; mjpfhupfSf;Fk; njhiyNehf;fpd;ik
midj;J xd;wpiz njhiyN mikj;J nfhs;tj Ntz;Lk
02. khfhz
mgptpUj;jpf;nfd mu;g;gzpg;Gld; nraw;gLk; mjpfhupfs; kw;Wk; murpay;thjpfs; ePz;l fhyk; epiyj;jpUf;fhik
jpUg;jpaila KbahJ (jw;N ghija epyik)
cupa m toq;fp> rigfS kjpg;ig nfhLj;j
03. tYkpf;fjhd rptpy; r%fnkhd;W gpuNjrj;jpy; fhzg;glhik
mjpfhupfs; kw;Wk; murpay;thjpfs; jpUg;jpailahky; cs;sdu;.
mwpT+l;l nghJkf xd;Wjpu
04. nfhs;iffis
tFf;Fk; NghJ kw;Wk; jPu;khdq;fis vLf;Fk; NghJ rpy re;ju;g;gq;fspy; Kjyikr;ru; kw;Wk; mikr;ru;fspd; jdpg;gl;l epfo;r;rpepuy;fs; ntspf; nfhzug;gLfpd;wik. cWg;gpdu;fspd; fUj;J f;fis cs;thq;fpf; nfhs;shik.
mwpT+l;ly;fs; Nghjpastpy; fhzg;glhik
mikr;r rigia ,J nj epiyah fye;Ji Nkw;nfh
05. 13tJ rPu;jpUj;jj;jpy;
ngw;Wf; nfhLj;j mjpfhuq;fis jpUg;gpg; ngw;Wf; nfhz;ljd; Clhf gpur;rpidfs; vOe;Js;sd. mJ NghyNt nghJr; Nritapd; NghJ Kf;fpakhd gpupTfis kj;jpa murpdhy; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sNj hL mgptpUj;jpr; nraw;ghl;bd; ,Wjpg; gpujpgyd; njhlu;ghf nghWg;Gf; $Wgtu;fs; ahu; vd;gJ gw;wp
rpy re;ju;g;gq;fspy; jPu;khdk; vLf;Fk; nraw;ghl;bd; NghJ ,e; epyik fhzg;g LfpwJ.
rpy
mjpfhug NjitfSf;fhd
cWjpah tplaq;fis
gLj;jy;. kj;jpa muR
xUq;fpi itj;J s;sJ.
,y;yhnj ngUkstpy; mjpfhuq;fisg; gfpu;tJ njhlu;gpy; njspT epiyiaf; nfhz;Ls;sJ.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ufs; ,yf;fk; - 01
;NghJs;s piyik
khw;W topfs; nghWg;G
paila J hija
)
midj;J gpuptpdu;fSk; xd;wpize;J njhiyNehf;F xd;iw mikj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhf nraw;gl Ntz;Lk;.
murpay;t hjpfs;> mjpfhupfs;> khfhz rig
upfs; kw;Wk; y;thjpfs; pailahky; du;.
cupa mjpfhuq;fis toq;fp> khfhz rigfSf;F cupa kjpg;ig ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
kj;jpa muR> khfhz rig
;ly;fs; stpy; ;glhik
mwpT+l;l y; kw;Wk; nghJkf;fis xd;Wjpul;ly;
Gj;jp[Ptpfs; / Clfk; / khfhz rig
;gq;fspy; k; vLf;Fk; hl;bd; ,e; epyik ;g LfpwJ.
mikr;rpd; MNyhrfu; rigia tYg;gLj;Jjy;. ,J njhlu;ghf epiyahd fye;Jiuahly;fis Nkw;nfhs;sy;.
mikr;Rf; FO / cupa nrayhsu;f s; / mikr;rpd; nrayhsu;f s;
fSf;fhd ;fis muR s;sJ. tpy; uq;fisg;
njhlu;gpy; epiyiaf; ;Ls;sJ.
mjpfhug; gfpu;it cWjpahf gpufldg; gLj;jy;. cjhuzk;: xUq;fpia epuiy ,y;yhnjhopj;jy;.
kj;jpa muR / khfhz rig
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njsptpd;ik cjhuzk;:
(i)
fpuhkpa mgptpUj;jp kl;l nraw;jpl;lq;fspd; cl;gl fPo;
KOg; nghWg;igAk; khfhz rigfSf;F toq;fhikapdhy; Vw;gl;Ls;s gpur;rpidfs;. (ii) ghlrhiyfs; Njrpa
kw;Wk; Njrpa itj;jparhiyfis kj;jpa murpd; fl;Lg;ghl;by; itj;jpUg;gjdhy; Vw;gl;Ls;s gpur;rpidfs;
(iii)
khfhz rigapd; fPo;f; fhzg;gl;l mur epUthfk; kw;Wk; fkeyr; Nrit tplaq;fis kj;jpa murpd; fl;Lg;ghl;by; itj;jpUj;jy;.
06. kj;jpa murpd;
mjpfhuq;fs;> khfhz rigapd; mjpfhuq;fs; kw;Wk; cs;@uhl;rp kd;wq;f spd; mjpfhuq;fs; njhlu;ghf njspthd Mtznkhd;iwj; jahupj;jy;.
cupa m gfpu;e;js gpuptpdi
07. kj;jpa murpw;F k;
khfhz rigf;Fk; ,ilapy; mjpfhuk; njhlu;ghd rpf;fy; i. tpNrl
epGzj;J tKila kdpj tsq;fis kj;jpa murpd; fl;Lg;ghl;by; itj;jpUj;jy;. ii. khfhz rigf;F toq;fg;gl;l mjpfhuq;fSf;F Nkyhf eilKiwg;gLj;jf; $ba tifapy; kj;jpa murpd; ntsp
ghuhSkd;wk; kw;Wk; cs;@uhl;r p kd;wq;fspd; mjpfhuq;fs; njspthff; Fwpg;gplg;gl;bUg;gp Dk; khfhz rigfspd; mjpfhuq;fs; njhlu;ghf njspthd Mtzk; xd;W fhzg;glhik.
ghuJ}ukhff;
tpNrl e fhzg;g LfpwJ.
cilat vz;zpf mjpfupj XusT fhzg;g LfpwJ
khfhz toq;fg;g nraw;ghL rigapd epiwNtw

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
kd;wk; ;
uhl;r p ;fspd; uq;fs;
hff; plg;gl;bUg;gp
hfhz spd; uq;fs; ;ghf k; hd
xd;W ;glhik.
cupa mjpfhuq;fisg; gfpu;e;jspj;jYk; cupa gpuptpdiu mwpT+l;lYk;
kj;jpa muR / kfhz rig
khff; ;g LfpwJ.
;g LfpwJ
tpNrl epGzj;Jtk; cilatu;fspd; vz;zpf;ifia mjpfupj;jy; khfhz rigf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;s nraw;ghLfs; rigapdhNy
khfhz
epiwNtw;W jy;.
kj;jpa muR / khfhz rig
kj;jpa muR / khfhz rig
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mgptpUj;jp eltbf;iffs; nraw;gLj;jg;gly;.
08. kj;jpa murhq;fk;
khfhz rigia rpW kdg;ghq;Fld; ftdpj;jy;. khfhz rig nraw;ghLfisj; jhkjg;gLj;Jk;.
ngUkstpy;
khfhz eilKiwapy;
mjpfhuq cs;sJ
njspth ngw;W f; khfhz nfhs;s epiyf;F
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
stpy;
iwapy; J
khfhz rigapd; mjpfhuq;fis njspthd Kiwapy; ngw;W f; nfhLj;jYk; khfhz rigia Vw;Wf; nfhs;sf; $ba epiyf;F khw;w Yk;
kj;jpa muR / khfhz rig
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njr 2Mk; gbKiw njd; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 02
gpur;rpid
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
kh
01. khfhz mgptpUj;jpapd; NghJ fhzg;gLk; epjpj; jilfs;. i. epjp tsq;fspd; Fiw ii. epjp mDruiz toq;Fk; NghJ fhzg;gLk; Njitaw;w mOj;jy;qfs;
khfhz nfhs;S jPu;khdq mjpfhu rigfS mDkj cupa K Neuj;jpy nfhs;t jpiwNr xg;ge;jj khfhz Njrpa / epWtdq fld;fs cjtpf nfhs;t mjpfhu nfhs;s
02. Gjpa tupfs;
njhlu;ghf mDkjp ,y;iy. cjhuzk; #oy; tup
tUlhe;j jpl;lkplypd; NghJ vjpu;ghu;j;j kw;Wk; mDkjpj;j epjp fpilf;fhik. cjhuzk;: - 2008 ,y; fpilf;Fk; epjp 2007 fld; njhiff;F $l Nghjpajhf ,y;iy. - khfhzj;jpw;F Njitahd epjpia  cupa Neuj;jpy; ngw;W f; nfhs;tjw;F jpiwNrupAld; xg;ge;jj;Jf;F tUjy;. khfhz rigfSf;fhf Njrpa / ntspehl;L epWtdq;fsplkpUe;J fld;fs; my;yJ epj cjtpfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;t jw;fhd mjpfhuj;ijg; ngw;W f; nfhs;sy;.
khfhz rig / epjp Mizf;FO / jpiwNrup / ntspehl;L tsq;fs; jpizf;f sk;
tupfis
tjw;fhd jpia
Sf;F hik. zk; khfhz s; kw;Wk;
uhl;rp ;fshy;
Ntz;ba s kj;jpa mwtpLjy;.
khfhz rigfSf;Fupa tplaq;fspy; fhzg;gLk; tup mwtpLk; mjpfhuj;ij cupa khfhz rigfSf;F ngw;W f; nfhLj;jy;. kj;jpa murhq;fk; tup mwtpLtijj; jpUj;jp mikj;jhYk; tup mwtpLk; mjpfhuq;fis khfhz rigfSf;F khj;jpuk; toq;Fjy;.
khfhz rig / jpiwNrup / cs;ehl;L ,iwtupj; jpizf;f sk;
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03. Fj;jif tUkhdk;
ruskhd njhlu;ghd jilfs;.
Kiwna eilKi kw;Wk; mwtpLk khfhz ngw;W f;
04. ntspehl;L epjpfis
Neubahf khfhz rig nray;jpl;lq;fSf;F ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjpYs;s rl;l uPj pahd jilfs;
rpw;rpy Fj;jif tupj; jilfs; fhuzkhf mwtpl Ntz;ba Fj;jiffSk; fpilf;fhik. cjhuzk;: jq;fhguzq;fs; cw;gj;jp tup (Rw;Wyh tpLjpfspy; mwtpLk; tup) VAT kj;jpa murpdhy; mwtpLjy;. tpLjpfspd; Nritf; Fj;jif tupia vk;khy; mwtpl KbahJ.
gpuNjr cupj;jh fpilf;F ed;nfhi fld;fs ,yFth nfhs;i filg;g khfhz nraw;gL re;ju;g;g
05. tupfis mwtpl;L
gfpu;tJ njhlu;ghf epjp Mizf; FOtpw;Nfh khfhz rigf;Nfh mjpfhuk; ,y;iy. khfhz rigfspdhy; mwtplg;gLfpd;w rpw;rpy tupfs; cs;@uhl;rp kd;wq;fSf;F toq;F tjpy; Vw;gLk; jhkjq;fisj; jLj;jy; Ntz;L k;.
kj;jpa muR khj;jpuk; ntspehl;L tsq;fisg; ghtidf;F cl;gLj;Jjy; (SPREAF)
,e;epjpi cupa c kd;wj;J nfhLj;j khfhz cUthf ,Ue;j nray;g Kj;jpi ngw;W f; eltbf Jupjg;gL nraw;gh nra;jy
06. khfhz rigfs;
cj;N jrpf;fpd;w epjpia kj;jpa muR ngw;Wf; nfhLf;fhik kw;Wk; jhkjpj;J toq;f y;.
,e;j epjp cs;@uhl;r p kd;wq;fSf;F cupa fhyg; gFjpapy; fpilg;gjpy;iy. khfhz rigfSf;F cupa Neuj;jpy; epjp fpilg;gjpy;iy.
,yf;if
tUlhe;j miltjw;fhd
jahupg;g mgptpUj;jpj;
Kd;duh jpl;lq;fis
tUlj;j eilKiwg;gLj;J
toq;F t tjw;F Kbahky;
vjpu;g hu Nghfpd;wik
vt;tsT kw;Wk;
cWjpa jhkjkhfpd;wik.
njuptpj 1. Nkyjpf
me;epjpi
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
Fj;jif jilfs; khf mwtpl
a ffSk; ;fhik. zk;:
uzq;fs; ;jp tup
h spy; k; tup) j;jpa hy; jy;. spd; f; Fj;jif vk;khy; KbahJ.
ruskhd Fj;jif Kiwnahd;iw eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy; kw;Wk; mt;tupfis mwtpLk; mjpfhuj;ij khfhz rigfSf;F ngw;W f; nfhLj;jy;.
khfhz rigj; jpiwNrup
muR k; hl;L
df;F
isg;
j;Jjy;
gpuNjr mgptpUj;jpf;F cupj;jhd tifapy; fpilf;Fk; ntspehl;L ed;nfhilfis> fld;fs; njhlu;ghf ,yFthd nfhs;iffisf; filg;gpbg;gjd; Clhf khfhz rigapy; nraw;gLj;Jtjw;F re;ju;g;gk; mspj;jy;.
khfhz rig / ntspehl;L tsq;fs; jpizf;f sk; / jpiwNrup
epjp
uhl;r p ;fSf;F fhyg; py; ;gjpy;iy.
Sf;F cupa
py; epjp ;gjpy;iy.
,e;epjpia Neubahf cupa cs;@uhl;rp kd;wj;J f;Fg; ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;. mjhtJ khfhz rigfis cUthf;Ftjw;F Kd; ,Ue;j epiyikia nray;gLj;Jjy;. Kj;jpiua tupiag; ngw;W f; nfhs;tjw;fhd eltbf;ifia Jupjg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd nraw;ghLfisr; nra;jy;.
ePjp kd;wk; / khfhz rig epWtdq;fs;
f jw;fhd j;jpj; ;fis
iwg;gLj;J Kbahky; ;wik ;
hfpd;wik. jpf
tUlhe;j jpl;lq;fisj; jahupg;gjw;F Kd;duhfNt mLj;j tUlj;jpw;F toq;F tjw;F vjpu;g hu;j;j epjp vt;tsT vd;gij cWjpahfj; njuptpj;jYk; me;epjpia fl;lhak;
epjp Mizf;FO / khfhz rig / jpiwNrup
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
epjpia nrYj;j Ntz;b Vw;gly;. 2. epUthfg; gpur;rpidfs; 3. nghJkf;fs; xg;ge;jf; fhuu;fs;> khfhz rigfs; njhlu;ghf ek;gpf;if ,oj;jy;. 4. vjpu;fhy tUlj;jpd; jpl;l q;fSk; gadw;Wg; Nghjy;.
toq;Fj

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
nrYj;j Vw;gly;. thfg;
dfs; Jkf;fs; f; fhuu;fs;> rigfs; ;ghf f y;.
;fhy ;jpd; ;fSk; ;Wg; Nghjy;.
toq;FjYk;.
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njr 2Mk; gbKiw njd; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 03
gpur;rpid
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
kh
01. Njitahd fhupahay
mjpfhupfis gfpu;e;J nfhs;s Kbahik
1) 2006.06.03 Kd; gw;whf;Fiwahf ,Ue;j gjtpf;fhf mDkjp vLg;gJ mur Nrit epUthf jpizf;fsj;jpdhy; ngw;Wf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 2) 2006.06.30 ,d; gpd; gjtp cau;T jtpu;e;j Vw;gLk; gw;whf;Fiwf;fhf %d;W FOf;fSf;F (rk;gsk;) mDkjp toq;FtJ gpujk nrayhsu; MtNjhL rk;gs
Vida
gpupTfSf;fhd gjtpfSf;F mur Nrit njhopyhsu; jpizf;f sj;j pd; mDkjpiag; ngw Ntz;Lk;. 3) gjtp cau;tpdhy; Vw;gLk; gw;whf;Fiwf;fhfT k; mur Nrit njhopy; jpizf;f sj;j pd; mDkjpiag; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 4) Gjpa gjtpfs; Vw;gl;lhYk; mjw;fhfTk; mur Nrit njhopy; jpizf;f sj;j pd; mDkjpiag; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
rk;gsk xJf;fPl ,Ug;gj nrayhs mDkj (1,y; i,
02. rpy cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs;
kj;jpa murpw;Fk; khfhz murpw;Fk; flikahw;wy;
i) kj;jpa> khfhz muRf;fspy; flikfis nra;a
midj khfhz xg;gil Ntz;bapUj;jy;
ii) jPu;khdk; vLg;gjw;F fhyk;
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ufs; ,yf;fk; - 03
;NghJs;s piyik
khw;W topfs; nghWg;G
.06.03 Kd; ;Fiwahf
gjtpf;fhf p vLg;gJ rit
;fsj;jpdhy; ;nfhs;s k;. .06.30 ,d;
tp cau;T
Vw;gLk; ;Fiwf;fhf
Sf;F k;) mDkjp tJ gpujk su; hL Vida
f;fhd f;F mur njhopyhsu; ;f sj;j pd; piag; ngw k;. p pdhy; ; ;Fiwf;fhfT
Nrit ; ;f sj;j pd; piag;
; nfhs;s k;.
gjtpfs; hYk; hfTk; mur
njhopy; ;f sj;j pd; piag;
; nfhs;s k;.
rk;gsk; toq;Ftjw;fhd xJf;fPl;L epjp ,Ug;gjhapd; gpujk nrayhsu;fSf;F mDkjpia toq;F jy;. (1,y; i, ii, ii rk;ge;jkhf)
cupa mikr;rpd; nrayhsu;fs; kw;Wk; gpujk nrayhsu;
pa> khfhz spy; is nra;a apUj;jy;
hdk; w;F fhyk;
midj;J nghWg;Gf;fSk; khfhz rigfSf;F xg;gilf;fg;gly;
kj;jpa murpd; mikr;ruit> gpujk nrayhsu;> Njrpa mur Nritfs; Mizf;FO
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
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vLj;jy;
iii) khfhz rigfspd; Nahridiag; Gwf;fzpj;jy;
iv) xOf;fhw;W eltbf;iffis vLf;f fhyk; nry;yy;.
03. rl;l tplaq;fspy; jkpo;
Mq;fpy nkhopngau;g;ghsu;fs; ,d;i k
Xa;T n cj;jpNa xg;ge;j ,izj Fiwe;j Vw;gLj;j gapw;rpr; mjpfupj Cf;Ft rk;gs K mDrui
04. khfhz rig mjpfhu
vy;iyf;Fs; thOk; khfhz rigapy; jkJ gpupepjpfs; ,y;yhj ,df; FOf;fs; rhjp kw;Wk; Gtpapay; mbg;gilapy; gpupe;j kf;fs; FOtpd; mgpyhi~fis epiwNtw;wg;glhik
cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs; vz;z pf;i f FiwT. Nkyjpf gjtpfis Vw;gLj;jhky; ,Uj;jy;. jFjpahdtu;fs; ,d;ik
Nju;e;nj gFjpapy Nrit e
05. khfhzj;jpw;Fj;
jdpj;Jtkhd nghUshjhu kw;Wk; fyhrhu tsq;fs; njhlu;ghd jfty; jpul;Ljy; kw;Wk; cupa nraw;jpl;lq;fisj; jahupf;Fk; epUthf Kiwnahd;iwf; fl;bnaOg;Gjy;
rpy ,df; FOf;fSf;F gpujpepjpj;Jtk; ,d;ik. kd mOj;jk; gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;it ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjpy; cs;s ,ilA+W. mbg;gil cupik kPWjy;.
njspthd jfty;fs; ,y;yhik
etPd – Vw;gLj;j gapw;r;rp
06. nkhopf; nfhs;ifia
gad;ghl;Lf;Ff; nfhz;L tu Kbahkw; Nghjy;
nkhopf;
gapw;rp m nfhs;i rupahd nraw;gLj;jhik.
fia
Kiwapy;
njhopyp nfhs;S mDgtj Kd;Dup (fl;lha gj;jpuk;) jPtpu Nk

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
;
hz pd; diag; pj;jy;
f;fhw;W ;iffis fhyk;
;.
ahfj;ju;fs;
;i f .
gjtpfis ;jhky;
;. hdtu;fs;
Xa;T ngw;w cj;jpNahfj;ju;fis xg;ge;j mbg;gilapy; ,izj;Jf; nfhs;sy;. Fiwe;jsT gjtpfis Vw;gLj;jy;. gapw;rpr; re;ju;g;gq;fis mjpfupj;jy;. Cf;Ftpg;G epjp> tpNrl rk;gs Kiw> mDruiz toq;fy;.
gpujk nrayhsu; khfhz rig mikr;ru;fs;
f; Sf;F
pj;Jtk; .
j;jk; df;fhd ngw;Wf; jpy; cs;s W.
l cupik
Nju;e;njLj;j fhyg; gFjpapy; elkhLk; Nrit elhj;Jjy;.
khtl;l j; jpizf;fsk; gpuNjr nrayhsu; fpuhk Nrtfu;
hd s; k
khfhz nrayhsu; gpujk nrayhsu; gpuNjr nrayhsu; gpujp gpujk nrayhsu; (jpl;lkply;)
;
fia
Kiwapy; Lj;jhik.
etPd - Kiwfis Vw;gLj;jy;. gapw;r;rp toq;Fjy;
gapw;rp mjpfupj;jy; njhopypy; ,izj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; NghJ nkhop mDgtj;Jf;F Kd;Dupik nfhLj;jy;. (fl;lha Nfs;tpg; gj;jpuk;) jPtpu Nkw;ghu;it
gpujk nrayhsu; jpizf;fs gpujhdpfs; kj;jpa murpd; mikr;ruitr; nrayhsu;
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
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20 tUl mDgtq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njr 2Mk; gbKiw njd; khfhz rigapd; ghpe;Jiufs; ,yf;fk; - 04
gpur;rpid
jw;NghJs;s epiyik
kh
01. rl;l tplaq;fSf;fhf
xU cj;jpNahfj;ju; khj;jpuk; ,Uj;jy;.
jw;NghJ rigapy ,aw;Wt ,aw;Wk ,Ue;jhY ,uz;L cj;jpNa ,Uf;fpd khtl;lj tof;Ff r%fks cj;jpNa nry;y K khj;jiu mk;ghe;N nfhOk;G ,lq;fs tof;Ff jpizf rl;lj;ju xj;Jio Ntz;Lk njd; kh xt;nthU khtl;lj cj;jpNa tPjk; epa
02. khfhzj;j py; cs;s
tsq;fis khfhzj;j pd; ed;ikf;f hfg; gad;gLj;j Kbahj tpjj;jpy; kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpdhy; mikf;fg;gl;l rl;lq;fis ePf;Fjy;.
khfhzj;jpw;Fupa rl;lk; jahupj;jy; njhlu;ghf cgNjrk; toq;fy;> tof;FfSf;F r%fkspj;jy;> midj;J mikr;Rf;fs;> jpizf;fsq;fSf; Fk; rl;l cgNjrk; toq;Fjy; vd;gd xU rl;l cj;jpNahfj;juhy; nra;a KbahJ ,Uj;jy;.
jw;Nghijf;F
khfhzj cw;gj;jp kw;Wk;
cw;gj;j Nrit toq;Fk;
toq;Fk tpahghu VAT tup
tpahghu mKypy; ,Uj;jy;.
mwtpLk cjhuzk;: cy;yhr gpuahzpfs; tpahghuk; njd; khfhzj;jpy; gutp
kj;jpa mwtpLk Kiwapy khfhzq ngw;W f; fhzg;gl;lhYk;
khfhzj mjpy; khfhz
nra;Ak; rigf;F
ngWk; N fpilg;gJ
khfhzj mDkjpg;gj;jpu
nfhLj;j tUkhdk; kl;LNk.
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
ufs; ,yf;fk; - 04
;NghJs;s piyik
khw;W tW topfs; nghWg;G
j;jpw;Fupa jahupj;jy; ;ghf rk; y;> fSf;F spj;jy;> j;J
;Rf;fs;> f;fsq;fSf; l;l rk; jy; vd;gd l;l
ahfj;juhy; KbahJ y;.
jw;NghJ vkJ khfhz rigapy; rl;lq;fis ,aw;Wtjw;fhf rl;lk; ,aw;Wk; FO ,Ue;jhYk; mjpy; ,uz;L cj;jpNahfj;ju;fNs ,Uf;fpd;whu;fs;. fhyp khtl;lj;jpy; tof;FfSf;Fr; r%fkspg;gjw;fhf rl;l cj;jpNahfj;juhy; nry;y KbtNjhL khj;jiu> mk;ghe;Njhl;il kw;Wk; nfhOk;G Mfpa ,lq;fspy; ,Uf;Fk; tof;FfSf;F rl;l jpizf;fsj;jpd; mur rl;lj;juzp xUtupd; xj;Jiog;igg; ngw Ntz;Lk;. mjdhy; njd; khfhzj;jpy; xt;nthU khtl;lj;jpw;fhfTk; rl;l cj;jpNahfj;ju;f s; 3 tPjk; epakpf;f Ntz;L k;.
gpujk nrayhsu; kw;Wk; ePjpgjp
ijf;F ;jp kw;Wk; toq;Fk; hu VAT tup py; ,Uj;jy;.
k;: hr
pfs; huk; njd;
j;jpy; gutp ;gl;lhYk; khfhz ;F ;gJ jpg;gj;jpu dk; kl;LNk.
khfhzj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; cw;gj;j p kw;Wk; Nrit toq;Fk; tpahghuq;fspy; mwtpLk; VAT tup kj;jpa murhq;fk; mwtpLk; tup tpfpjhrhu Kiwapy; khfhzq;fSf;Fg; ngw;W f; nfhLj;jy;. khfhzj;j py; Vw;Wkjp nra;Ak; nghUl;fspy; ngWk; Nrit tupia khfhzj;j pw;F ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
nrayhsu; epjp mikr;R
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03. mjpfhug; gfpu;T rl;lk;
mKyhtjw;F kj;jpa murhq;f cj;jpNahfj;ju;f s; vjpug;Gj; njuptpj;jy;.
khfhz jdpj;Jt tpjj;jpy nfhs;i f mikj;j
04. khfhz rig
nfhs;ifia epiwNtw;wpf; nfhs;tjw;F ePjpgjpapd; mDkjp Ntz;baJ ngwg;gl
xU jilahFk;.
khfhz rigfSf;Fs;s mjpfhuk; njhlu;ghf Vfkdjhd nfhs;ifia mikj;jy;.
Njit
05. 154V> 154b> 154C>
154[ Mfpa cWg;Giufs; njhlu;ghf kPz;Lk; rl;lj; jpUj;jk; mtrpakhFk;.
nfhs;if jahupf;Fk; NghJ jw;Nghija nfhs;if jahupf;Fk; FOtpdhy; cupa Fwpg;G jahupf;fg;gLfpwJ. mjdhy; rl;lkh mjpgu; jpizf;f sj;jpypU e;J mDkjp ngw Ntz;bajpy;iy. vt;thwhapDk; gpur;rpidAs;s re;ju;g;gq;fspy; Njitahd cgNjrq;fisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;b Vw;gLk;. cjhuzk;: nfhs;if.
fhzpf;
jw;Nghi jpUj;jk
06. 154 fq;iffspy; kzy;> fdpats kw;Wk; tsq;fs; njhlu;ghf nraw;jpl;lq;fs; nraw;gLj;Jk; NghJ khfhz rigfSf;fpilapYk;> kj;jpa kw;Wk; khfhz muRfSf;fpilapYk; mjpfhuj;i j nraw;gLj;Jk; NghJs;s gpur;rpidfs;
154V> 154b> 154C> 154[ Mfpa cWg;Giufspy; cs;s tplaq;fs; njhlu;ghf midj;J mjpfhuq;fSk; kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpw;Fupa J.
,e;j tplaq;fs;
khfhz njhlu;ghf
vy;iyf mjpfhuq;fs;
nraw;jpl kj;jpa
%ykhf murhq;f j;jplk;
tUkhd fhzg;gLjy;.
khfhz ngw;W f;

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
Sf;Fs;s uk; ;ghf jhd
fia ;jy;.
khfhz rigfspd; jdpj;Jtk; NgZk; tpjj;jpy; Njrpa nfhs;i ffs; mikj;jy;.
gpujk nrayhsu;
f ;Fk; NghJ ija
f ;Fk;
hy; cupa
;fg;gLfpwJ. y; rl;lkh ; f;f sj;jpypU Dkjp ngw ajpy;iy. hapDk; dAs;s ;gq;fspy; ahd rq;fisg; ; nfhs;s Vw;gLk;.
f.
k;: fhzpf;
Njit Vw;glhJ. gpujk nrayhsu;
154b>
154[
iufspy;
tplaq;fs; ;ghf ;J uq;fSk;
;fj;jpw;Fupa
jw;Nghija epiyapy;
- jpUj;jk; Njitapy;iy.
plaq;fs; ;ghf uq;fs;
;f j;jplk; ;gLjy;.
khfhz rig vy;iyfSf;Fs; me;j nraw;jpl;lq;fs; %ykhf fpilf;Fk; tUkhdj;jpy; xU gFjp khfhz rigf;F ngw;W f; nfhLf;fg;gly;.
nrayhsu; kj;jpa khfhz mikr;R kw;Wk; khfhz rig gpujk nrayhsu;
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KOikahd nray;j khfhz rigahy; g ey;fpNahu;
Fkhup ghy#upa njd; khfhzk; MSe
bf;d; Njs gz;lhu rgufKt khfzk; MSe
gu;b gpNukyhy; jprhehaf;f tl kj;jpa khfhzk; Kjy
tp[pj; tp[aKdp nrha;rh Cth khfhzk; Kjy
ruj; Vf;fehaf;f kj;jpa khfhzk; Kjy
mJy tpN[rpq;f tl Nky; khfhzk; Kjy
k`Pghy N`uj; rgufKt khfhzk; Kjy
nu[pNdhy;l; FNu Nky; khfhzk; Kjy
~hd; tp[ayhy; j rpy;th njd; khfhzk; Kjy
[fj; mq;fNf Nky; khfhzk; jiyt
khndy; uj;ehaf;f Cth khfhzk; jiyt
mJy Fkhu uh`{gj;j rgufKt khfhzk; jiyt
ju;krpup jrehaf;f tlNky; khfhzk; jiyt
Nf.vr;. ee;jNrd tl kj;jpa khfhzk; jiyt
lg;.vk;. arkhd kj;jpa khfhzk; jiyt
gparpup uhkehaf;f tlNky; khfhzk; khfhz
Mu;.B.tpkyjhr tlNky; khfhzk; khfhz
epuQ;rd; tpf;fpukrpq;f tlNky; khfhzk; khfhz
jahuj;d gz;lhu Cth khfhzk; khfhz
B.B.lg;. tpf;ukuj;d Cth khfhzk; khfhz
vr;.gP.Nrkrpq;f tl kj;jpa khfhzk; khfhz
Mu;.vk;. uj;dhaf;f tl kj;jpa khfhzk; khfhz
fkNf tPuNrd tl kj;jpa khfhzk; khfhz
vk;.vk;.nlhdy;l; tl kj;jpa khfhzk; khfhz
v];.vr;.vk;. md;rhu; tl kj;jpa khfhzk; khfhz
gpurd;d uzJq;f Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
Jypg; tpN[Nrfu Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
KOikahd nray;jpl;lj;jpy; khfhz rigahy; gq;fspg;G ey;fpNahu;
hfhzk; MSeu;
t khfzk; MSeu;
;jpa khfhzk; Kjyikr;ru;
khfhzk; Kjyikr;ru;
khfhzk; Kjyikr;ru;
y; khfhzk; Kjyikr;ru;
t khfhzk; Kjyikr;ru;
hfhzk; Kjyikr;ru;
hfhzk; Kjyikr;ru;
hfhzk; jiytu;
hfhzk; jiytu;
t khfhzk; jiytu;
; khfhzk; jiytu;
;jpa khfhzk; jiytu;
khfhzk; jiytu;
; khfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
; khfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
; khfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
khfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
khfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
;jpa khfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
;jpa khfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
;jpa khfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
;jpa khfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
;jpa khfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
hfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
hfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
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fhkpdp jpyfrpup Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
it.[P. gj;krpup rgufKt khfhzk; khfhz
yypj; jprhehaf;f rgufKt khfhzk; khfhz
nkh`hd; rhypa vy;yhty rgufKt khfhzk; khfhz
B.vk;.Nf. jprhehaf;f kj;jpa khfhzk; khfhz
vjpuptPu tPutu;jd kj;jpa khfhzk; khfhz
mNrhf tbfkq;fht tl Nky; khfhzk; vjpu;f
cghyp rkutPu Cthf khfhzk; vjpu;f
Mu;.gP.mNgrpq;f tl kj;jpa khfhzk; vjpu;f
fpj;rpup f`l;l gpl;ba Nky; khfhzk; vjpu;f
uQ;rpj; j nrha;rh rgufKt khfhzk; vjpu;f
Nrhkrpup Fzjpyf;f tl Nky; khfhzk; gpujpj
Fkhurpup uj;dhaf;f Cth khfhzk; gpujpj
tp[a j`hehaf;f njd; khfhzk; gpujpj
Rdpy; tpN[uj;d Nky; khfhzk; gpujpj
Mu;.vk;.v];.gP. uj;dhaf;f kj;jpa khfhzk; gpujpj
Fkhu fPu;j;jp re;jpurpup tl Nky; khfhzk; rgheh
Nf.V. Nrhktd;r njd; khfhzk; rgheh
vk;.[P. [auj;d kj;jpa khfhzk; rgheh
gz;lhu uh[fy tl Nky; khfhzk; MSk
Rrpy; Fzuj;d tl kj;jpa khfhzk; MSk
gpurd;d rky; nrduj; tl Nky; khfhzk; vjpu;f
yf;;kd; mNg Fzuj;d Nky; khfhzk; vjpu;f
Mg;jPd; v`pahd nrapD}y; tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
vd;.N[. jh`pu; tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
Mde;j Gz;aFkhu tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
B.vk; fhkpdp jprhdhaf;f tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
epyd;j v];. uh[gf; tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
vr;.gP. mNguj;d tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
Mu;.vk;. Fzrpq;f gz;lh tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
vy;.vk;. MAg;fhd; tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
<.vk;.vd;.I. Fkhup tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
cGyhq;fdp khyfKt tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
<.vk;.vd;.v];. Vf;fehaf;f tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
v];.vr;.vk;. epah]; tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
yf;;kd; ntd;lUt tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
hfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
t khfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
t khfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
t khfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
khfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
khfhzk; khfhz mikr;ru;
y; khfhzk; vjpu;f;fl;rpj; jiytu;
khfhzk; vjpu;f;fl;rpj; jiytu;
;jpa khfhzk; vjpu;f;fl;rpj; jiytu;
hfhzk; vjpu;f;fl;rpj; jiytu;
t khfhzk; vjpu;f;fl;rpj; jiytu;
y; khfhzk; gpujpj; jiytu;
khfhzk; gpujpj; jiytu;
hfhzk; gpujpj; jiytu;
hfhzk; gpujpj; jiytu;
khfhzk; gpujpj; jiytu;
y; khfhzk; rghehafu;
hfhzk; rghehafu;
khfhzk; rghehafu;
y; khfhzk; MSk;fl;rp gpujhd Vw;ghl;lhsu;
;jpa khfhzk; MSk;fl;rp gpujhd Vw;ghl;lhsu;
y; khfhzk; vjpu;fl;rp gpujhd Vw;ghl;lhsu;
hfhzk; vjpu;fl;rp gpujhd Vw;ghl;lhsu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives


Page 129
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
Nf. uhjhfpU~;zd; tl Nky; kfhzk; khfhz
vk;.vk;. j];ypd; tl Nky; kfhzk; khfhz
Rky; jpNruh tl Nky; kfhzk; khfhz
Mde;j Fkhurpup Cth khfhzk; khfhz
Nf.tp];tehjd; Cth khfhzk; khfhz
gP. Nyhfehjd; Cth khfhzk; khfhz
mutpe;jFkhu; Cth khfhzk; khfhz
Nf. NtyhAjd; Cth khfhzk; khfhz
tp[pj NgUnfhl Cth khfhzk; khfhz
uh.K. uj;dhaf;f Cth khfhzk; khfhz
ep`hy; nrdtpuj;d Cth khfhzk; khfhz
fdud; gz;lh Cth khfhzk; khfhz
cghyp Nrdhuj;d Cth khfhzk; khfhz
Mu;.vr;.N[. gz;lhu Cth khfhzk; khfhz
vk;.vk;.kjhu; J]Pk; Cth khfhzk; khfhz
N[.vk;. Fzjpyf;f Cth khfhzk; khfhz
B.tP. cGy; njd; kfhzk; khfhz
ep~hd;j Kj;Jn`l;bfk njd; kfhzk; khfhz
tPuRkd tPurpq;f njd; kfhzk; khfhz
tp[a v];. tPurpq;f njd; kfhzk; khfhz
m[pj; uh[gf; njd; kfhzk; khfhz
Nrhkghy Vf;fehaf;f njd; kfhzk; khfhz
uQ;rpj; FkhuNf njd; kfhzk; khfhz
mNrhf jdtq;r njd; kfhzk; khfhz
Mde;j mNgtpf;uk njd; kfhzk; khfhz
fgpy [ae;j nty;yg;gpyp njd; kfhzk; khfhz
gP.gP. jprhehaf;f tl kj;jpa khfhzk; khfhz
B.vk;.Mu;. rpupghy tl kj;jpa khfhzk; khfhz
Mu;.gP. Qhdjpyf;f tl kj;jpa khfhzk; khfhz
mdpy; uj;ehaf;f tl kj;jpa khfhzk; khfhz
B.vk;. mkuJq;f tl kj;jpa khfhzk; khfhz
kN`~; my;Nkjh Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
rP. nkupy; ngNuuh Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
Fzrpup [aehj; Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
V. re;jpughD Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
Rdpy; khfk;kd Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
NuZf J~;ae;j ngNuuh Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
y; kfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
y; kfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
y; kfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
fhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
fhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
fhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
fhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
fhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
fhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
fhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
fhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
fhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
fhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
;jpa khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
;jpa khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
;jpa khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
;jpa khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
;jpa khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
hfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
hfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
hfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
hfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
hfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
hfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
129 ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives


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130 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
Fzrpwp [aehj; tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
vk;.v];. m];yhk; tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
[ajpyf;f nghbepyNk rgufKt khfhzk; khfhz
vk;. jh`pu; rgufKt khfhzk; khfhz
yf;;kd; nfhbfhu rgufKt khfhzk; khfhz
uQ;rpj; gz;lhu rgufKt khfhzk; khfhz
Mde;j kpy;yd;nfhl rgufKt khfhzk; khfhz
Nf. cjafhe;j rgufKt khfhzk; khfhz
=kh rhe;jpdp Nfhd;f`hNf kj;jpa khfhzk; khfhz
fyhepjp. tP. mkPu;jPd; fpof;F khfhzk; khfhz
[th`pu; rhyp fpof;F khfhzk; khfhz
tpf;lu; rkutPu Nky; khfhzk; gpujk
N[.vk;.[P.gP. [aRe;ju tl Nky; khfhzk; gpujk
gP.gP. mkuNrfu Cth khfhzk; gpujk
V. rkurpq;` njd; khfhzk; gpujk
V. jyhnfhl;LzNf tl kj;jpa khfhzk; gpujk
gP. nfhbJtf;F rgufKt khfhzk; gpujk
tP.gP. ghyrpq;fk; fpof;F khfhzk; gpujk
vr;.vk;. Rdpy; gj;krhe;j tl Nky; khfhzk; rigr
B.v];. mkurpq;` Cth khfhzk; rigr
v];.a+.[P.Nf. ngNuuh njd; khfhzk; rigr
yypj; fd;dq;fu Nky; khfhzk; rigr
=ahdp gj;kyjh rgufKt khfhzk; rigr
gP.gP. tp[auj;d kj;jpa khfhzk; rigr
Mu;.V. jpyfuj;d tl Nky; khfhzk; MSe
V.lg;.rP. Mupajhr tl kj;jpa khfhzk; MSe
vr;.vk;. Nrhkjpyf;f Cth MSe
B.[P.a+.gP. jhGfy tl Nky; khfhzk; nray
vk;.it. nrapDjPd; tl Nky; khfhzk; gpujpr
lg;.[P.jahee;j tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
[ae;j tpN[uj;d tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
vr;.tP.v];. `pahuhgpl;ba tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
<.V.vr;. fUzhehaf;f tl Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
lg;.vk;. mj;jehaf;f Cth khfhzk; khfhz
Rkpj; RutPu Cth khfhzk; nray
Jiw

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
y; khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
t khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
t khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
t khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
t khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
t khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
t khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
khfhzk; khfhz rig cWg;gpdu;
hfhzk; gpujk nrayhsu;
y; khfhzk; gpujk nrayhsu;
hfhzk; gpujk nrayhsu;
hfhzk; gpujk nrayhsu;
;jpa khfhzk; gpujk nrayhsu;
t khfhzk; gpujk nrayhsu;
khfhzk; gpujk nrayhsu;
y; khfhzk; rigr; nrayhsu;
hfhzk; rigr; nrayhsu;
hfhzk; rigr; nrayhsu;
hfhzk; rigr; nrayhsu;
t khfhzk; rigr; nrayhsu;
khfhzk; rigr; nrayhsu;
y; khfhzk; MSeupd; nrayhsu;
;jpa khfhzk; MSeupd; nrayhsu;
MSeupd; nrayhsu;
y; khfhzk; nrayhsu;> Kjyikr;ru; fhupahyak;
y; khfhzk; gpujpr; nrayhsu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz mikr;Rr; nrayhsu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz mikr;Rr; nrayhsu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz mikr;Rr; nrayhsu;
y; khfhzk; khfhz mikr;Rr; nrayhsu;
hfhzk; khfhz mikr;Rr; nrayhsu; (epjp)
hfhzk; nrayhsu;> ,isQu; tptfhu tpisahl;Lj;
Jiw mikr;R
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20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
Nf.B. rpupNrd Cth khfhzk; nray
[P.Nf.v];.vy;. uh[jhr Cth khfhzk; nray
mik
V.Mu;. G~;gFkhu Cth khfhzk; nray
Nf.vr;.V. fPu;j;jpuj;d njd; khfhzk; nray
mgpt kfsPu
[P. fkNf njd; khfhzk; fhzp
gP. epfKdp njd; khfhzk; Rfhj
rP. v];. nyhFn`l;b njd; khfhzk; czT
lg;.vk;.Mu;.gP. td;dpehaf;f tl kj;jpa khfhzk; nray
re;jpuh fUzhuj;d tl kj;jpa khfhzk; nray
ePy; j my;tp];. tl kj;jpa khfhzk; nray
[P.Nf. [ayj; tl kj;jpa khfhzk; nray
ky;rpup N[. nrdtpuj;d Nky; khfhzk; nray
ey;ypd
v];.B.nfhbfhu Nky; khfhzk; nray
fhy;e
V. uhkehaf;f Nky; khfhzk; nray
czT
N[.V. uQ;rpj; rgufKt khfhzk; mik
yypj; njhlq;nfhl;Lt rgufKt khfhzk; mik
vr;.gP. Fyuj;d rgufKt khfhzk; nray
[P.V.vk;.v];.gP. mk;gd;ty Cth khfhzk; gpujpr
rpd;jf n`l;bahuhr;rp Cth khfhzk; gpujpr
B.Nf. jprhehaf;f Cth khfhzk; gpujpr
V. th]; Fztu;jd njd; khfhzk; gpujpr
lg;. rPyuj;d j rpy;th njd; khfhzk; gpujpr
vr;.Nf.Mu;.N[. vjpuprpq;f njd; khfhzk; gpujpr
Mu;.vk;.v];gP. uj;ehaf;f tl kj;jpa khfhzk; gpujpr
lg;.vk;. Kdrpq;f tl kj;jpa khfhzk; gpujpr
Mu;.RNue;jpu tl kj;jpa khfhzk; gpujpr
Rdpy; gz;lhu tl kj;jpa khfhzk; gpujpr
Nf.V.Nf. uQ;rpj; ju;kghy Nky; khfhzk; gpujpr
tP.<. uh[gf; Nky; khfhzk; gpujpr
rpe;jh Nrj;jpatu;jd Nky; khfhzk; gpujpr
[P.vr;. [atu;jd Nky; khfhzk; gpujpr
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
khfhzk; nrayhsu;> ePu;g;ghrd mikr;R
khfhzk; nrayhsu;> fy;tp kw;Wk; cs;@uhl;rp kd;w
mikr;R
khfhzk; nrayhsu;> Rfhjhu mikr;R
hfhzk; nrayhsu; - tpisahl;Lj; Jiw> fpuhkpa
mgptpUj;jp ,isQu; tptfhu> kPd;gpbj; Jiw> kfsPu; tptfhu> nghJ eltbf;iffs; mikr;R
hfhzk; fhzp kw;Wk; tptrhaj;Jiw mikr;R
hfhzk; Rfhjhu mikr;rpd; nrayhsu;
hfhzk; czT kw;Wk; $l;LwT mikr;rpd; nrayhsu;
;jpa khfhzk; nrayhsu;> Kjyikr;ru; fhupahyak;
;jpa khfhzk; nrayhsu;> Rfhjhu mikr;R
;jpa khfhzk; nrayhsu;> tptrhaj;Jiw mikr;R
;jpa khfhzk; nrayhsu;> ifj;njhopy; mikr;R
hfhzk; nrayhsu;> Rfhjhu RNjr itj;jpa r%f
ey;ypdf;f> rpWtu; ed;dlj;ij mikr;R
hfhzk; nrayhsu;> tptrhaj;Jiw fhzp kw;Wk;
fhy;eil> ePu;g;ghrd mikr;R
hfhzk; nrayhsu;> khfhz tPjp> $l;LwT> kpd;rhuk;> ePu;>
czT kw;Wk; tpahghu mikr;R
t khfhzk; mikr;Rr; nrayhsu;
t khfhzk; mikr;Rr; nrayhsu;
t khfhzk; nrayhsu;> Kjyikr;ru; fhupahyak;
khfhzk; gpujpr; nrayhsu;
khfhzk; gpujpr; nrayhsu;
khfhzk; gpujpr; nrayhsu;
hfhzk; gpujpr; nrayhsu;
hfhzk; gpujpr; nrayhsu; (jpl;lkply;)
hfhzk; gpujpr; nrayhsu; (njhopy;El;gk;)
;jpa khfhzk; gpujpr; nrayhsu; (epu;thf kw;Wk; gapw;rp)
;jpa khfhzk; gpujpr; nrayhsu; (jpl;lkply;)
;jpa khfhzk; gpujpr; nrayhsu; (epjp)
;jpa khfhzk; gpujpr; nrayhsu; (njhopy;El;gk;)
hfhzk; gpujpr; nrayhsu;
hfhzk; gpujpr; nrayhsu; (epu;thfk;)
hfhzk; gpujpr; nrayhsu; (jpl;lkply;)
hfhzk; gpujpr; nrayhsu; (njhopy;El;gk;)
131 ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives


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132 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
Nf.[P.v];. FzNrfu kj;jpa khfhzk; gpujpr
vr;.gP. Fyuj;d rgufKt khfhzk; nray
Rde;jh njd;dNfhd; tl kj;jpa khfhzk; nray
Nlrp ju;ktu;jd tl Nky; khfhzk; nray
ge;Jy ehfrpq;f rgufKt khfhzk; nray
Nf.vy;. jahee;j njd; khfhzk; nray
vd;.gP. fUzhuj;d Nky; khfhzk; nray
V.a+. Ntyhuj;d njd; khfhzk; Nkyj
v];.vk;.lg;. Nrkrpq;` tl kj;jpa khfhzk; cjt
Mde;j Fyuj;d tl kj;jpa khfhzk; cjt
Nf.B.v]; eadhee;j tl kj;jpa khfhzk; cjt fhupa
lg;.vk;.Mu;.gP tPuNrfu tl kj;jpa khfhzk; cjt mik
fsdp ngdufk tl kj;jpa khfhzk; cjt fhupa
Qhdh tpN[rpq;f tl kj;jpa khfhzk; cjt
vk;.Nf.[P.v];. jkae;jp tl kj;jpa khfhzk; cjt mik
vk;.vd;. Fztu;jd tl kj;jpa khfhzk; cjt mik
[P.vk;.Nf.B. [aNrfu fpof;F khfhzk; cjt
a+. ftpjh fpof;F khfhzk; cjt
a+. aNrhjh fpof;F khfhzk; cjt
vy;.N[. gk;gunfhl;Lt rgufKt khfhzk; cjt
N[.vk;.rP. [ae;jp tpN[Jq;f Nky; khfhzk; Kjy
Mu;.gP. njd;dNfhd; kj;jpa khfhzk; epu;th
v];. Nfhfzypq;fk; fpof;F khfhzk; epu;th
Nf.V. uQ;rpj; njd; khfhzk; rigr
tpuh[; ngNuuh tl kj;jpa khfhzk; cs;@
Mu;.Nf.v];.v]; rP. tpN[rpq;f tl kj;jpa khfhzk; Miz
gP.[P.gP. k`pe;juj;d tl kj;jpa khfhzk; Miz
N[.Mu;.gP. [ajpyf;f tl kj;jpa khfhzk; Miz
lg;.vk;. [aNrd tl kj;jpa khfhzk; gzpg
lg;.vk;.[P.gP. tpN[#upa tl kj;jpa khfhzk; Miz
itj;jpaFkhu my;tp]; tl kj;jpa khfhzk; Miz
gj;uhzp [atu;jd Nky; khfhzk; cs;@
<.V.Mu;. NuZfh Nky; khfhzk; Miz
[P.gP.B. Nrhkuj;d Nky; khfhzk; Miz
ghJf

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
khfhzk; gpujpr; nrayhsu;
t khfhzk; nrayhsu;
;jpa khfhzk; nrayhsu; - mur Nritfs; Mizf;FO
y; khfhzk; nrayhsu; - mur Nritfs; Mizf;FO
t khfhzk; nrayhsu; - mur Nritfs; Mizf;FO
hfhzk; nrayhsu; - mur Nritfs; Mizf;FO
hfhzk; nrayhsu; - mur Nritfs; Mizf;FO
hfhzk; Nkyjpfr; nrayhsu; - Kjyikr;ru; fhupahyak;
;jpa khfhzk; cjtpr; nrayhsu; - Kjyikr;ru; fhupahyak;
;jpa khfhzk; cjtpr; nrayhsu; - Kjyikr;ru; fhupahyak;
;jpa khfhzk; cjtpr; nrayhsu;> jpl;lkply; - Kjyikr;ru;
fhupahyak;
;jpa khfhzk; cjtpr; nrayhsu;> jpl;lkply; - $l;LwT
mikr;R
;jpa khfhzk; cjtpr; nrayhsu;> epjp - Kjyikr;ru;
fhupahyak;
;jpa khfhzk; cjtpr; nrayhsu;> epjp - $l;LwT mikr;R
;jpa khfhzk; cjtpr; nrayhsu;> epjp - tptrhaj;Jiw
mikr;R
;jpa khfhzk; cjtpr; nrayhsu; (epu;thfk;) - tptrhaj;Jiw
mikr;R
khfhzk; cjtpr; nrayhsu;
khfhzk; cjtpr; nrayhsu;
khfhzk; cjtpr; nrayhsu;
t khfhzk; cjtpr; nrayhsu;
hfhzk; Kjyikr;Rr; nrayhsu;
khfhzk; epu;thf mjpfhup
khfhzk; epu;thf mjpfhup
hfhzk; rigr; nrayhsu;
;jpa khfhzk; cs;@uhl;rp kd;w Mizahsu;
;jpa khfhzk; Mizahsu;; - khfhz fhzp
;jpa khfhzk; Mizahsu;; - khfhz tUkhd tup
;jpa khfhzk; Mizahsu; - khfhz ePu;g;ghrdk;
;jpa khfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - khfhz tptrhak;
;jpa khfhzk; Mizahsu; - $l;LwT mgptpUj;jp
;jpa khfhzk; Mizahsu; - MAu;Ntjk;
hfhzk; cs;@uhl;rp kd;w Mizahsu;
hfhzk; Mizahsu; - khfhz> fhzp
hfhzk; Mizahsu; - rpWtu; ed;dlj;ij kw;Wk;
ghJfhg;G
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Page 133
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
v];.vr;. N`tNf Nky; khfhzk; Miz
gP.V. [ae;jh Nky; khfhzk; Miz
eaeh fhupatrk; tl Nky; khfhzk; Miz
gj;kpdp fhupatrk; tl Nky; khfhzk; Miz
ghJf
[P. gpNukJq;f njd; khfhzk; Miz
,e;jpuhzp nrdtpuj;d njd; khfhzk; Miz
v];. rpq;fg;Gyp njd; khfhzk; Miz
uk;ah #upahuhr;rp njd; khfhzk; Miz
I.vk;.I. ,yq;fNfhd; tl Nky; khfhzk; gpujp
Nf. Fzehjd; fpof;F khfhzk; gpujp
fPjhd ju;krpup tlNky; khfhzk; gzpg
tP. khsdp tlNky; khfhzk; r%f
B.gP. tpjhd gj;jpud njd; khfhzk; gzpg
V.a+j rpy;th njd; khfhzk; gzpg
vd;.N[. fUzhjhd njd; khfhzk; gzpg
lg;.vk;.rkurpq;` tl kj;jpa khfhzk; gzpg
tre;j uj;dghy tl kj;jpa khfhzk; gzpg
N[.vk;.N[. cGy; Nt`w tl kj;jpa khfhzk; gzpg
Nf.rP. epky; fUzhjpyf;f tl kj;jpa khfhzk; gpujpg
khfhz
vr;.gP.vy; [auj;d. tl kj;jpa khfhzk; gzpg Kjy
v];.vr;. k`htpjhd tl kj;jpa khfhzk; gzpg
BMu;.B.[P. uj;dhaf;f tl kj;jpa khfhzk; gzpg
N[.V.B.vy; N`kre;jpu Nky; khfhzk; fy;t
B g];Fty; Nky; khfhzk; gzpg mik
lg;.V.B.rP. &grpq;f Nky; khfhzk; gzpg
V.vy;.vy;. gj;krpup Nky; khfhzk; gzpg
fhkpdp fhupatrk; Nky; khfhzk; gzpg
vr;Mu;.vy;. Rkduj;d Nky; khfhzk; gzpg
lg;.vy;. rpuptu;jd Nky; khfhzk; gzpg epu;th
Mu; v];. mNgNrfu Nky; khfhzk; gzpg
lg;s pt; B. Mu;. gP. rpj;u hq;f dp Nky; khfhzk; gzpg
V.tP.Nf. tpf;ukNrfu njd; khfhzk; gpujpg
© Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
hfhzk; Mizahsu; - $l;LwT mgptpUj;jp
hfhzk; Mizahsu; - tPl;Lj; jpizf;fsk;
y; khfhzk; Mizahsu; - khfhz fhzp
y; khfhzk; Mizahsu; - rpWtu; ed;dlj;ij kw;Wk;
ghJfhg;G
hfhzk; Mizahsu; - khfhzf; fhzp
hfhzk; Mizahsu; - tUkhd tup
hfhzk; Mizahsu; - $l;LwT mgptpUj;jp
hfhzk; Mizahsu; - Nkhl;lhu; thfdg; Nghf;Ftuj;J
y; khfhzk; gpujp cs;@uhl;rp kd;w Mizahsu;
khfhzk; gpujp cs;@uhl;rp kd;w Mizahsu;
; khfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - ifj;njhopy; mgptpUj;jp
; khfhzk; r%f Nritg; gzpg;ghsu;
hfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - cs;sff; fzf;fha;T
hfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - khfhz ePu;g;ghrdk;
hfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - khfhzf; fy;tp
;jpa khfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - khfhzf; fy;tp
;jpa khfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - khfhzf; fpuhkpa mgptpUj;jp
;jpa khfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - khfhzr; rpW ifj;njhopy;
;jpa khfhzk; gpujpg; gzpg;ghsu; (epjp)
khfhz fy;tpj; jpizf;fsk;
;jpa khfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - tuT nryT -
Kjyikr;ru; fhupahyak;
;jpa khfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - Kjyikr;ru; fhupahyak;
;jpa khfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - Rfhjhuj; jpizf;fsk;
hfhzk; fy;tpg; gzpg;ghsu;
hfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - tpisahl;L kw;Wk; ifj;njhopy;
mikr;R
hfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - ifj;njhopy; jpizf;fsk;
hfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - khfhz Rfhjhur; Nrit
hfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - khfhz r%f Nrit
hfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - Rfhjhuj; jpizf;fsk;
hfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - kdpjts mgptpUj;jp kw;Wk;
epu;thfg; gapw;rpj; jpizf;fsk;
hfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - tptrhaj; jpizf;fsk;
hfhzk; gzpg;ghsu; - ePu;g;ghrdj; jpizf;fsk;
hfhzk; gpujpg; gzpg;ghusu; (jpl;lkply;)
133 ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives


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134 © Copyright 2008 May Outreach Unit- Centre fo
20 tUl mDgq;fis m
Outreach
v];. ypadhuhr;rp njd; khfhzk; cjt
vr;.V. gpajhr njd; khfhzk; cjt
vy;.gP. tpN[rpq;f njd; khfhzk; rl;l m
V.vk;.mdP/g; nyg;Ng fpof;F khfhzk; rl;l m
lg;spt;.Nf.[P. [aNrfu Nky; khfhzk; khfhz
Mu;.vk;.v];. gz;lhuehaf;f Nky; khfhzk; nghJ
rig
Mu;.V.my;gpul; njd; khfhzk; rpNu~
gP.[P.Nf. yPyhee;j njd; khfhzk; rpNu~
rl;lj;juzp `pkhyp vjpuprpq;f tl Nky; khfhzk; rl;l c
gP.[P.jprhehaf;f kj;jpa khfhzk; epjp c
lg;.[P. Mupauj;d tl kj;jpa khfhzk; khfhz
gpNukrpup n`l;bahur;rp tl kj;jpa khfhzk; Kjy
v];.gP. ju;kfPu;j;jp tl kj;jpa khfhzk; Kjy
lg;.V.gj;krpup gz;lhu rgufKt khfhzk; ,iz
Nf.V.gP. gj;jpud rgufKt khfhzk; Kjy
yrpj; tpjhd Nky; khfhzk; ,iz
mEuhj [aRe;ju rgufKt khfhzk; Clf
rk;gj; [a#upa Cth khfhzk; ,iz
rkd; gz;lhu Cthf khfhzk; fzd
re;jd Fkhu njd; khfhzk; epfo;r
V.Mu;. nkuPdh fpof;F khfhzk; epfo;r
B. Nfhfpyh fpof;F khfhzk; epfo;r
uQ;rdp mNgrpq;f tl kj;jpa khfhzk; vjpu;f

20 tUl mDgq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Njrpa ghpe;Jiufs;
hfhzk; cjtpg; gzpg;ghsu; (jpl;lkply;)
hfhzk; cjtpg; gzpg;ghsu;
hfhzk; rl;l mjpfhup
khfhzk; rl;l mjpfhup
hfhzk; khfhz epWtd nu[p];lhu;
hfhzk; nghJ Kfhikahsu; - tPjp mgptpUj;jp mjpfhur;
rig
hfhzk; rpNu~;l mstpahyhsu;
hfhzk; rpNu~;l mstpahyhsu;
y; khfhzk; rl;l cjtpahsu;
khfhzk; epjp cjtpahsu;
;jpa khfhzk; khfhzj; njhopy;El;gj; jpizf;fsk;
;jpa khfhzk; Kjyikr;rupd; ,izg;Gr; nrayhsu;
;jpa khfhzk; Kjyikr;rupd; ,izg;Gr; nrayhsu;
t khfhzk; ,izg;Gr; nrayhsu;
t khfhzk; Kjyikr;rupd; ,izg;Gr; nrayhsu;
hfhzk; ,izg;gjpfhup - rigr; nrayhsu; fhupahyak;
t khfhzk; Clfr; nrayhsu; - Kjyikr;Rf; fhupahyak;
khfhzk; ,izg;ghsu;
khfhzk; fzdpg; gpupT nghWg;gjpfhup
hfhzk; epfo;r;rpj;jpl;l cjtpahsu;
khfhzk; epfo;r;rpj;jpl;l cjtpahsu;
khfhzk; epfo;r;rpj;jpl;l cjtpahsu;
;jpa khfhzk; vjpu;f;fl;rpj; jiytupd; nrayhsu;
ay Outreach Unit- Centre for Policy Alternatives