Page 1
V(1|L |
NO. 3
AN ALL-PARTY COMMIT TE -A PRECURSOR TO
The formation of an all-party parliamentary committee with the declared purpose of seeking ways and reans of ensuring communal harmony and "rational unity' has been mooted in Sri Lanka.
The government parliamentary group which recertly met has already adopted a resolution on a sug jestion made by President J. R. Jayawardene to E et upo such a Committee.
Prior to the interwention by the President at the United National Party (UNP) parliaTentary group meeting, Mr. W.J. M. Lokubandara, who has achieved a reputation for his anti-Tamil Outpouring, mowad a motion to poroscribe all political parties and groups, including the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF), which advocated the Setting up of a separate state for the Tamil speakng people. Although Mr JayaWardene and his party were pleased about the role played by the TULF leadership during the Presidential election canpaign, the TULF's open camDaign for a NO vote at the recently held referendum would appear to have angered a substantial section of the goverпment рагtу. President Jayawardene is re-| ported to have rejected, at least for the time being, the proposal for a ban on "separatist organisations to avoid a situa-|
Nisojë.
* Committae for National Unity Editoria
Polici da Church JR's Parlament without Blactions TaTil Inscription on Maori Bell * Nirnala, Prisonar of Corscience * Sri Lanka News in brif * TO SLFP men face 41 charges
immigrant students entitled to grants Kailas - the Writer, Editor, Literary Midwife and Don
tion of confrontation between tha Sinhalese and Tamils which, according to him, would disrupt the governments development plans. On the other hand, he considers that such a step would undermire the efforts he is making to set up a "natio
PRIESTS TO
Three Roman Catholic priests, along with three others, are to
be charged before the High
Court in Colombo under the Prevention of Terrorism Act which has been denounced by the International Commission of Jurists as a statute that Violates fundamental human rights.
Rev. Fr. A. Singarayer, Rev. Fr.S. Sinnarasa, Rev.Fr. Jayatilakarajah, Dr.Jayakularajah, Uni
versity Lecturer Mr. Nithianan
dan and his Wife Mrs, Nirrt lala Nithiamandan are the Suspects Cor Cerned,
According to Sri Lankan news
2
2
3
4
ES
B ל B
"The Indian Scane. Congress 1) Routed
About People - Swami Pramananda to Visit UK
"League of Friends - Jaffna University
* Feferandum Results
 
 
 

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Please send us the names and addresses of your friends and relations so that We may send them introductory free copies.
40 PENCE
JANUARY 1983
E FOR NATIONAL UNITY "NATIONAL GOWT"
nal government. Political observers believe that Mr.Jayawardene's proposal for an allparty cort mittee is designed as a precursor to a "national government".
The Opposition Leader and TULF General Secretary, Mr.A. Amirthalingam, is said to have described the proposal for an all-party coTi Tittee as one |Worthy of consideration, but 'added that it was for the Workling Committee of the TULF to decide on the matter.
"Will the TULF collaborate in
E CHARGED
Fr. 5ingaravur aper reports, which seem to (now more about the action hat is to be taken against hese persons than the sussects themselves or their lawers, the three priests are to be :harged for helping in the :onceal Tent of the proceeds rom the raid at the Neerweli Bank. The other suspects re reported to be facing charLes connected with harbouring hree youths injured in the ttack on the Chavakachcheri 'olice Station.
r.Jayatilakarajah and Dr.Jayaularajah are presently held at le Magazine Prison while Fr.
a 'national government under the leadership of J.R. Jayawardene?" is the question that is being debated in political circles in Sri Lanka. The TULF leadership's indirect support to J. R. during the Presidential election campaign in not putting up a candidate against him or campaigning against him, and the protracted negotiation it has had with the government prior to the catpaign, end credence to the speculation that the TULF, at least at leadership level, might View the proposal for a national government with favour. The visit to Sri Lanka of Dr A.J. Wilson, the Sri Lankan Professor of New Brunswick University in Canada, is said to be not without significance. He was the architect who masterTinded the cominencement of the previous round of negotiations between the TULF and the government. He is said to be presently playing a similar role.
Before either collaborating with or joining a national government, the TULF leadership has to sell the idea to its rank and file, which has become increasingly impatient and suspicious about the leadership, The TULF also carriot ignore the other youth groups which operate outside the TULF and which hawe shown no hesitation in using wiolence as a means of struggle. Nor can it forget the massive rejection suffered by the UNP at the recently held referendum from the Tamil speaking people. However, JR will not forget or thesitate to remind the TULF leaders that the proposal to. ban al "separatist organisations has not been altogether Cont on Page 16 |

Page 2
OutCasteS.
NATIONAL UNITY
The Sri Lankan ruling party's parliamentary group's decision to set up an all-party parliamentary committee to discuss ways and means of ensuring гасіаІ һагmony would appeаг to be Iп the right direction. Anyone who is interested in resolving the apparently never ending ethnic conflict should Welcome any step that is taken to raise this issue ab Owe party politi CS.
The 'Sinhala-Tamil issue' Was deliberately created by designing and opportunist politicians to rouse the communal passions of the Ordinary people in order to gain power. Many of them are still around and there is no shortage of them either within the government or in the opposition. And, at last, if they realise that they have to resolve the conflict to which they have contributed in no small measure, they deserve support in their effort.
However, the success of such an effort depends on several factors. The participants, particularly those in authority, should have good faith and not entertain ulterior motives such as Consolidating themselves in power. They should recognise the reality that the country is inhabited by two major ethnic groups, both determined to retain their identity. The feeling of discrimination and oppression suffered by the Tamil speaking people is not a figment of their fertile imagination. The gradual tranäjormation of "mational pollitical parties” and the policies they pursued while in power have turned the Tamil speaking people into political
They have suffered the direct and indirect consequen CeS 0f 0Wert and COW et acts Of racia discrimination. Periodically they have been subjected to racial violence in the course of which their lives апd proрегty have beеп Iost.
Among the Tamil speaking people, there is a genuine fear that their identity and existence as a "Tamil Nation", within the physical confines and Constitutional framework of a single state, have been threatened. The proved failure of the parliamentary method to amicably do away with the intense discrimination against the Tamil speaking people and the growing threat to their identity have resulted in the inevitable recourse to the use of political violence as a means of struggle.
That is the reality. The success of the proposed allparty committee for national unity, or for that matter any other effort made to resolve the ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka, depends on the recognition of that reality. The parties that are represented in such a committee should pledge themselves not to exploit the 'Sinhala Tamil issue' at any time to gain popLular support OT pOWe r. Let them keep themselves free and independent to fight for power or support among the people on the basis of their
pretered ideological or political positions.
R
 
 

JANUARY 1983
POLICE INVADE CHURCH PEOPLE TEAR-GASSED,
KICKED 8 BEATEN
"We the religious leaders of 'avuniya very strongly protest O you regarding the brutal ehaviour of the Wavuniya police officers in tear-gassing, humiiating, harassing and assauling innocent people assembed at the St.Anthony's Church in 15th December 1982. "In this country so far, places of religious worship have been created with respect and Saric ity and, therefore, we view this incident very seriously and ask you to take very Stern action against these officers iTimediately and als 0 enSure freedom of assembly, worship and security of life in places of religious worship". This is the text of a letter sent to the President of Sri Lanka, Mr.J.R. Jayawardene, by religious leaders of sewen dan OrTninations protesting against the brutal police attack upon the people, including women and children, at St Anthony's Church, Wawuniya on 15th DeCerTiber 1982.
The sewan religious leaders who sent the letter of protest to the Prsidentare Rev. Kurthugoda Ratharasara Thero, Wiharathipathi of Madukande |Buddist temple: Raw. Siya T| balagaswewe Wimalasara Thero, Wilharathipathiof WawLIniyaWihare: Rev. Fr. Alban Rajasingham, Parish Priest of Vavu" niya R, C, Church, Rew, Dr.D.J. Kanagaratnam, Parish Priest, Anglican Church; Moulavi A. Badurdeen, Town Mosque, Vavuniya; BraНГТa Sri M. K. Kardasamayyer, Kudiyer uppu Pillayar Temple and Siwa Sri R. Balachandra Kurukkal, Kandasa Ty Kowil. WaWu niya. About 500 people had asse Tbled in the church premises to observe a wholeday of religious prayers and fast to peacefully protest against the Prevention of Terrorism Act and recent arrests, especially of Christian priests,
At about 9.35 a.m., police officers arrived at the Scene and ordered the people to leave the church premises. The people continued to sit. The police, underorders from the Superintendent Of Police, COTTNTTBTCed an unprovoked brutal attack
on the people, many of whom were at this time worshipping inside the church. The police threw tear gas grenades ם זהו the crowd and the people started running in different directions Crying, shouting and many faiiting. They attacked the men, women and children within the precints of the church itself, Some of the wormen and girls were pulled by their hair, kicked and beater 1. People were in di Scriminately kicked, beaten with batons and abused in the most offensive language, The police did mot spares Ewen those Who were worshipping. Those who happened to belong to the Sinhala community among the people present Were abused in the most vulgar langua ge and thrashed. The police shouted abuse at them: "Thopi Sinhalayaktha" (Are you a Sinhalese??); "Thopige thatha Demalaktha" (ls your father a Tamil?), etc. The vehicles belonging to the participants were stoned and damaged.
"Many were taken into custody,
including S.Rajasundaram, the Organising Secretary of Gandhiyam, R.Wasudewan, Eelawernthal, S. Karunamithi, S. Karth diah, Innasim Luthu, David Naganathan, Dr. Manda Fernando, Dr. Kanagaratnam, the WaWuniya Branch Secretary of the MowerTent for Inter Racial JIStice and Equality and many others. Mr. Rajasundarati's camera and tape recorder Were confiscated. One of the jeeps belonging to Gandhiyam also was seized by the police, All were rerTanded i CUIStOdy,
The police remained at the entrance to the premises until 5p.m.preventiпgaпүbodylваwing the church.
Cont from P.1 Singarayer, Fr.Sinna rasa and
Mr. and Mrs. Nithianandal are held at the Welikade Prison in Colombo.
Meanwhile, it is reported that the father of Mrs. NirTala Nithiamandan, Mr.A. Rajasinga T1, Wica Principal of Jaffna College and Manager of MORNING STAR, the oldast English jourla in Asia, has filed a Habeas Corpus application in the High Court of Colombo in respect of

Page 3
JANUARY 1983
REFERENDUM- A POSTMORTEM
JR'S PARL/AMMEWT
A political observer was heard to say after hearing the results of the referendum held on 22nd December 1982, 'J.R. Jayawardene built a new and imposing parliamentary complex spending over a thousand million rupees; once it was completed and declared open with all pomp and pageantry, he did away with parliamentary elections. Now Sri Lanka has a parliament without partiamentary elections'. Sri Lanka claims to be a democracy but not a single country in the world worthy of such a name has so far had the life of its parliament extended without elections. The constitution of the country has been amended extending the present parliament for a further period of six years following the 'victory at the referendum. The United National Party (UNP) government of President J. R. Jayawardene which was elected in July 1977 will continue in office until August 1989 without having to go before the people.
it is argued that the 'victory at the referendum meant that the people of the country have given their approval for the extension of parliaagreed to their own disfranchisement on the question of electing a new government. Does this argument have any substance? Let us examine
the facts and circumstances
surrounding the referendum and the results. NOT FAIR OR FREE
Did the people have a free and fair chance to express their
views at the poll? The only opposition daily paper, ATHTHA, was closed down under emergency regulations no sooner than the campaign began. Leading members of the Istrongest opposition party, the Sri Lanka Freedom Party, including its Secretary were taken into custody and kept in detention. Opposition campaign meetings were attacked and disrupted by pro-government thugs. Even meetings organised by Buddhist monks and Christian priests were not spared from attack. Although the election laws prohibited the putting up of posters
displaying the lamp exhorting the people to vote 'Yes' were permitted to be put up everyposters containing the symbols (Lamp for 'Yes' and Pot for 'No'), posters displaying the lamp exhorting the people to vote 'Yes were permitted to be put up everywhere including government and public buildings, state transport vehicles, etc. whereas the election laws were strictly enforced on the opposition. The state-owned press, radio and television network were employed in the most scandalousy partisan manner to campaign for a 'yes' vote. The state security services were used to terrorise and disrupt the opposition campaign.
On the day of the poll itself, thuggery and intimidation reigned supreme. There were reports of opposition polling agents being attacked and chased away from polling stations by gangs of pro-government thugs. The scale of imperSonation of votes was such
TOWARDS ONE
"Mr.Jayewardene obviously has his own notions of democracy. He imposes an emergency in the country even as the people are asked to take part freely in the referendum. Many Opposition leaders are put behind prison bars and thus literally incapacitated from taking part in the related campaign. There is an atmosphere of fear among the people in the northern and eastern provinces, especially where the authorities have stationed forces in the name of maintaining law and order in the face of a call for boycotting the referendum given by the Tamil United Liberation Front. As Mr.Jayewardene's main concern seems to be to have captive Parliament for the entire period he is going to be President, he has gone through his projected idea with a rare sense of thoroughness and a lack of inhibition. The results indicate that the Government polled 54.7 per cent of the votes cast and 'the combined Opposition 45.3 percent. And in the new Parlia

TAMIL TIMES 3
BY R.GANESHAN
W/THOUT ELECT/OWS
that even the vote of Mr. Hector Kobbekaduwa, the SLFP candidate in the Presidential election, had been cast by the time he went to exercise his vote.
In this context, one could hardly come to the conclusion that the people of the country had a free and fair opportunity to express their views at the referendum. ONLY 38% VOTED YES
Let us examine the voting at the referendum itself. In normal circumstances, the average voter turnout in any general election in Sri Lanka had been about 85 per cent of the total registered voters. The total number of registered voters stands at 8,145,015. On this basis,6,923,262 should and would have voted at the referendum. However the vote at the referendum was only 5,768,662 which constituted only 70 per cent of the total registered votes. 3,141,223 constituting just 38 per cent of the total electrate voted
PARTY RULE.
ment they will still continue to enjoy the five sixths majority he has at present. Worse, under the Constitution Mr. Jayawardene (as boss of the UNP) can pick, choose and manipulate his party's new members of Parliament. A significantaspect of the political situation is that he has lost the referendum heavily in the Tamilareas, aclear indication thatthe Sinhala-Tamil rift is actually widening under this dispensation. The Tamil United Liberation Front has announced that it will, in protest, refuse to nominate new MPs to fill the vacan'cies arising out of the proposed resignations in August. If he does not in the meanwhile make meaningful moves to bring the Tamil leaders to the conference table, Mr.Jayawar'dene will be virtually leading the country towards one-party rule with all its menacing implications and, in the end, may have won nothing more than a Pyrrhic victory."
(EXTRACTS FROM "HINDU" EDITORIAL).
'yes'. What does this signify? 62 per cent of the registered voters either voted against the government or did not vote at all. In fact the government's vote at the referendum plummeted by over 40O,OOO from the votes it obtained at the presidential election in October.
More revealing is the fact the government was defeated outright in 48 of the 168 constituencies. These included constituencies represented by five cabinet ministers, five Deputy ministers and 19 UNP MPs. Electorates represented by leading figures in the UNP such as the Finance Minister Ronnie de Mel, Minister of State Anandatissa de Alwis, Minister of Health Dr. Ranjith Attapattu, Minister of Home Affairs Mr. K.W. Devanayanam, Minister of Regional Development Mr. C. Rajadurai, the Speaker Mr. Bakeer Markar, the Deputy Speaker Mr. Norman Waidiyaratne, Deputy Minister of Private Omnibus Services Mr. P. Gunasekera, the Deputy Minister of State Mr. V.L. Wijemanne, the Deputy Minister of
Sports Mr. E.Tillakeratne, and
the LDeputy Minister of Rural Industrial Development Mr. M. | Kularatne voted "NO". While the people in these electorates have demonstrably and clearly rejected the government and its MPs by voting 'no', these electorates will continue to be represented by the rejected MPs for the next six years
Cont, on Page 11

Page 4
4 TAMIL TIMES
TAMIL
NSCRIPTION ON MAOR BELL
Prof. R. Muniappan, Associate, Dean of Arts, University of Guam, Guam, writing in "The Hindu' of December 18, states. "Recently I came to know the existence of a "Tamil Bell" in the National Museum of New Zealand in Wellington. A mis
sionary, Rev. William Colenso,
first discovered this bell while
visiting the Maoris in the West
Coast of New Zealand' in 1830's. The inscription on the bell written in Tamiltranslates to “Mohoyiden Buk's Ships Bell".
I am in communication with some of the New Zealand historians on the history of the bell. I would like to bring this information to the attention of the Tamil historians, and woukd appreciate receiving any infor
mation that would help is trace, thad enly primary (grades 1 to
the history of the bei).
I am sure it will be of use not only for furthering the history
of New Zealand, but also sheed light on the history of Tamil traders.'
2 MILLION LANKANS ILLITERATE
As many as 1.9 million (14 per cent) of the population of Sri Lanka have had no schooling whatsoever, according to the results of a recently conducted survey by the Department of Census and Statistics,
Only 2.6 per cent have passed their GCE 'A Levels. Although
university education has been
available in Sri Lanka for over forty years, the number of graduates in the country is relatively small. According to the survey, there are 74,980 graduates amounting to 0.6 per cent of the population. Of those who have graduated, 47,170 were men and 27,810 women
Of those who have been to
school, 41.3 per cent have
5 education; 33.1 per cent have had middle grade (6 to
". 10) schooling, and 10.9 pel
cent have passed the G.C.E. C Levels.
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JANUARY 1983
SEVERE DAMAGE CAUSED BY FLOODS
Several parts in the Matale District and parts of the Eastern Province in Sri Lanka were seriously affected by heavy, floods and earth slips which accurred during the third week of December.
As many as fifty people were reported to have been buried in landslides in the Matale district. A massive boulder, about forty feet in diameter, crashed down the mountainsous siopes flattening several mara trees and everything on its downward track. The boulder, after travelling more than a quarter of a mile, finally came to a stop about five hundred yards from the power station. Thousands were rendered homeless in the areas affected by the floods. Several bridges were blown-off and the roads were seriously arraged making relief work immensely difficult. Heavy rains swelled the main five tanks in the area, breaching their bunds and causing extensive damage to the surrounding areas.
In the Eastern Province, the Mahaweli food plains were submerged and the Muttur and Seruwila divisions of the Trincomalee district were cut off from the mainland. According to the Government Agent of Batticaloa, over 25,OOO families had been affected.
INDO-LANKAN FERRY TO RESUME
The ferry service for passengers, parcels and goods between India and Sri Lanka will be resumed in January. This was agreed toata meeting held in Colombo recently, Mr. B.P. Tilakaratne, High Commiissioner for Sri Lanka in New Delhi, told members of the Indo-Sri Lanka Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Representatives from the Indian and Sri Lankan Government Railways, Shipping Corporation of India which operates the service and officials of the Customs/immigration Departments from both the countries participated in the Colombo meeting.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR TULF 8. UNP
it is a well-known fact that the Tamils of the Northern 8 Eastern parts of Sri Lanka obtain water for cultivation by scueezing the stones which they dig out from the arid earth. No colonisation is possible in such terrain. People in the North 8t Eastare starved of good cultivable land and water for culti
vation. The Sinhalese of the South will find the terrain and
weather in these two areas very hard going for their existenCe.
Under the circumstances the Government should declare these two areas (inhabited mainly by Tamils) a homeland for Tamil people and Tamil culture. This suggestion is without prejudice to Sinhalese as the state language of the entire Island. If accepted, it will remove all obstacles to national unity and national progress.
The Australian Government has granted a certain amount of autonomy to the Aborigines, retaining certain key functions like defence and communications for itself. A similar arran
gement could be worked out here so that the Tamils of the
North and East could enjoy a certain amount of freedom within the framework of the Government. This is the age of co-existence. A solution is within easy reach if the leaders of the UNP and TULF will concede the fact that the days of Kings and Kingdoms are long over. D.J.Thamotheram 9 Vivekananda Avenue, Colombo 6.
Economic Development
thank you for your interesting paper which have been receiving regularly for the past several months.
May suggest that you include articles on the various possibilities of economic develop ment of the Tamil areas? I am sure that it will be of great advantage to expatriate Tamils who wish to back such develop ment and also to readers at home. Perhaps you mightwish to think of giving a whole issue to this theme. K. Mylvaganam
Norway

Page 5
JANUARY 1983
NIRMALA, PRISIONE
The national oppression of Tamils in Sri Lanka has reached a grave and critical situation. (For the first time, the Sri Lankan state has extended its arm of repression against the Tamil intelligentsia and the members of the church. One of the outstanding figures who fell a victim to this recent wave of state terrosism is NIRMALA NITHIYANANDAN. Nirmalais a renowned feminist and a popular progressive writer. She hails from Jaffna, daughter of Mr.A. Rajasingam (Vice Principal, Jaffna College and Manager, Morning Star)and is aged thirty. She was arrested on the 18th of November 1982 by the state security forces and since then held incommunicado and subjected to indignity, harassment and possibly torture. Nirmala is one of the latest victims of the infamous law called the Prevention of Terrorism Act, which has been universally denounced by world civil rights movements, including the International Commission of Jurists and Amnesty International, as repressive
and as violating fundamental human liberties. This draconian law denies trial by jury and admits confessions extracted by torture in evidence.
NIRMALA’S UNIQUE CASE. The case of Nirmala is unique' since this is the first time the : has cracked down
n a popular artiste. Her case is also unique since she is
BY BRAJESWARY
'subjected to a dual form of oppression, both as a Tamil and as a woman. On one hand, he is a member of the oppresedTamil nation and therefore subjected to vicious forms of racist attack at the hands of er oppressors. Secondly, as a oman, she is subjected to ndignity and harassment by
ale chauvinists. It is well documented that in wars and
in national fiberation struggles specific tortures, humiliations and atrocities were perpetrated on women by the very fact that the victims are females. Nirmala
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TAMILTIMES 5
R OF CONSCIENCE
is caught up in this specific situation. She is detained at Gurunagar Army Camp, Jaffna, a place notorious for military torture and tyranny. She is held at this military centre without female guards, manned by
Sinhala male soldiers some of
whom are infamous torturers and racial fanatics. It is a well known fact that during the youth insurrection of 1971 a Inumber of women detainees were raped by soldiers and Prema Mannamperi was sadistically murdered. Nirmala's detention under these conditions has given rise to grave concern among the Tamil public.
COMMITMENT
ΤΟ FREEDOM.
Nirmala sympathised and supported the struggle of the Tamil people to gain their right of Self-determination. Her Commitment to the cause of national freedom of the oppressed Tamil nation has earned her respect from wider sections of the popular masses. As a writer, dramatist, sociologist and political scientist she contributed immensely to raise the level of social and political consciousness of the Tamils, particularly the youth. She wrote and produced plays, translated literary and political works. Her translations introduced the national and socialist struggles of the Latin American and African people. Nirmala was also a literary critic. In her critical writings on literature she emphasised the role of culture in the national struggle of the Tamils. Literature and drama, she always argued, should reflect social and political realities and should advance the struggle of the oppressed and ex
ploited masses. One of Nirmala's primary concerns has been
the emancipation of the oppressed Tamil women. To this task she dedicated herself fully in actively arganising and participating in women's liberation campaigns. By her unrelenting
ling radical feminist in the Tamil homelands.
| Nirmala was arrested along with her husband, who himself is a known educationist (a lecturer at the Jaffna University) land a literary critic. Simultaneously, a number of Catholic priests were also taken into custody. These arrests sparked off mass protests by the Tamil nation. The leaders of the Church, politicians and human rights groups have appealed to the Government for their release. The Army High Command insists that the arrested persons, including Nirmala, provided sancturary to some wounded youths alleged to be 'terrorists". Terrorism is a concept in the Sri Lankan context utilised by the State ideological and propaganda apparatus to describe
the resistance movement of the Tamils which arose as a consequence of nearly thirtyfive years of national oppression, practised by successive Sinhala Governments against the Tamil people. The oppression assumed a multi-dimensional thrust, attacking simultaneously at different levels the conditions of existence of this nation language, education, culture, land and the economy, threatening the very identity of this people. This continuing oppression has driven the people to fight for the right of national self-determination.
The struggle for political independence at a particular historical juncture (in the early seventies) took the form of armed resistance signifying the desperate struggle of the people to win national freedom at any cost. As a consequence, the Government has tightened lits arm of oppression by introducing repressive legislation (Prevention of Terrorism Act) !and bringing the Tamil nation under total military siege. Yet the freedom struggle continues, and Nirmala as a lover of freedom is caught up in the storm,
work she became an outstand- of struggle.
“A nation may be said to consist of its territory,
its people and its laws. The territory is the only
part which is of certain durablity.'
ABRAHAM LINCOLW (1862)
HLLLLLLLSLLLLS

Page 6
6 TAMIL TIMES
SRI LANKA NEWS IN BRIEF
OSLFPMPEXPELLED: Mr.S. D. Bandaranaike, the Sri Lanka Freedom Party MP for Gampaha, has been expelled from the for his refusal to withdraw his support for a 'national government under the leadership of President J.R.Jayawardene. OPLANTATION YOUTH FOR POLICE: It is reported that the governement of Sri Lanka has decided to fill vacancies at police stations in the plantation areas with Tamil speaking youth from the plantation areas. As a first step, 15 will be appointted to each police station as police reservists, to be later progressively assimilated into the regular service.
OEYE DONATION: The Ceylon Eye Donation Society donated: 2606 eyes abroad in the year 1982. OSTRIKE BAN: A strike by
workers at the Port of Colombo
in the middle of December: was called off following the promulgation of an Essential Services Order under the State' of Emergency and a threat to, sack all strickers and to recruit new workers.
O CANADIAN PM'S VIST: The Prime Minister of Canada, Mr. Pierre Trudeau, is expected to visit Sri Lanka in March this year. He is to commission the Maduru Oya Reservoir which was built with a generous loan from the Canadian government This reservoir is eventually expected to provide irrigation for 125,000 acres in Polonna
Wa. ONDIAN MINISTER'S VIST: Mr.P.V. Narasimha Rao, the Indian Foreign Minister, is expected to visit Sri Lanka in February this year. OEMERGENCY EXTENDED: The state of emergency that has been in existence in Sri Lanka since October has been extended for a further one month.
OMUSIC FESTIVAL: The Music Society of Sri Lank held its 12th Annual Musi Festival lasting two days durin the second week in Decembe at the Sri Manikka Vinayaga Temple, Bambalapitiya, Col mbo. The Indian High Commissioner, Mr.S.J.S.Chatwal, was the Chief Guest.
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JANUARY 1983
HIGHGATE MURUGAN TEMPLE
-i.
ܚܝܝܝܝܝܗܒܡܕܒܡܒܘ---ܗܝ--ܡ "Oui
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Page 7
JANUARY 1983
HOUSE OF LORDS RULES
MMIGRANT STUDENT
Overseas students who came to this country and were habitually normally resident here, apart from occasional or temporary absences, should be regarded as 'ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom and therefore entitled to receive grants from local authorities, provided they satisfied the three year residential qualification in accordance with the Local Education Authority Awards Regulations. This was the judgement of the House of Lords who considered five appeals against the decisions ;of the Court of Appeal in cases where Local Authorities had refused to award grants on the ground that they were notordinarilt resident in this country.
The House of Lords judgement delivered on 16th December, 1982, will not only be of enormous benefit to overseas students in the future, but they are also likely to be entitled to get back a refund of the full fees they would have paid when they were refused grants on the grounds of 'ordinary residence'.
The National Union of Stu it was the recently retirec Lord Denning, Master of Rolls, who, giving the Immigration Act precedence over the Edu cation Act of 1962, gave the previous Court of Appeal judge ment that a student was not entitled to a mandatory grant from the Local Education Author rity when he or she had any restrictions in regard to his ol her stay on the passport.
The National Union of Students, which had been spear heading the fight on behalf of the overseas students, was delighted at the decision ol the House of Lords. Its Presi: dent, Neil Steward, said that "there is now a reasonable working definition which the local authorities can apply and they no longer have to ask to see passports before consi dering the award of grants This ends a form of humiliation which is tantamount to educa tional apartheid, and this jus goes to show what an organi sation like the NUS can dc when it shows total persistence
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TAMIL TIMES 7
SENTITLED TO GRANTS
towards achieving natural justice'.
Lord Scarman, with whose judgement all four other Lordhips concurred, stated that in each case the student had entered the United Kingdom some three years ago, or earlier for the purpose of seeking an educational qualification by pursuing a course of study at Some School or college, paying his own fees and relying upon family resources for his maintenarhCe. After obtaining his educational qualification he applied to a local education authority for an award in respect of a first degree, or comparable, course of further education. In each case the application was refused.
Each student had applied for judicial review on the ground that the local education authority had erred in law in reaching the conclusion that the student had failed to prove that he had been ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom throughout the three years preceding the first year of the course in question.
All five students were immigrants. None of them had the right of abode in the United Kingdom.
The limited leave included a condition that on completion of his studies the student would depart from the country- although, of course, it would be open to him to apply for an extension, in which event the secretary of state could grant a limited or unlimited extension or refuse the application.
The question was as to the meaning to be given in the context of the Education Acts to the words "ordinary resident in the United Kingdom.
Section 1 of the 1962 Act imposed a duty on every local education authority to bestow awards ("mandatory" as they were called) on persons ordinarily resident in its area who possessed the requisite education authority and the educational qualification. There was no hint of nationality, Country of origin, or domicile as a condition of eligibility; but the duty was subject to and in accordance with regulations made under the Act.
Regulations which had been made from time to time had always included an exception -based on a requirement of three years' ordinary residence in the United Kingdom as a condition of eligibility for a mandatory award.
Two questions of statutory interpretation arose: (1) What was the natural and ordinary meaning of "ordinary residence in the United Kingdom'. (2) Did the statute in the context of the relevant law against the background of which it was enacted, or in the circumstances of today, including in |particular the impact of the |immigration Act 1971, Compel one to substitute a special and if so, what meaning to the lwords "ordinary resident in the United Kingdom"?
His Lordship answered the cquestions by stating (1) The natural and ordinary meaning of the words had been authoritatively determined in the House in two tax cases repor'ted in 1928.
(2) No, the 1962 Act and the | regulations were to be construed by giving to the words
"ordinary resident in the United Kingdom" their natural and ordinary meaning.
I "Ordinarily resident' was not a term of art in English law. Ordinary or habitual residence had, in effect, now supplanted 'domicile as the test of jurisdiction in family law and, as Lord Justice Eveleigh recalled in the Court of Appeal (p 483) the concept was used in a number of twentieth century statutes, including, very signiificantly, the immigration Act
1971. | Though the meaning of ordiInary words was a question of fact, the meaning to be attributed to enacted words was a question of law. So a question of law arose as to the meaning of "ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom", even though it arose only at a preliminary stage in the process of determining a question of fact, hame, whether the propossitus" (in the present appeals, the student applicant) had established the fact of ordinary :::g,ce for the prescribed
period. Cont, on Page 10

Page 8
8 TAMIL TIMES
KAILAS - THE WRITER,
LITERARY MIDWIFE AN
The news of the suddendemise of Prof. K. Kailasapathy came as a rude shock. It will take a longtime to get over that sense of lament that has enveloped our hearts and without exception benumbed us all. The writer became acquainted with him in 1953 when as a Schoolboy he published a quarterly Journal in Tamil called "Tamil Osai". This literary acquaintance later became converted into a permanent bond of friendship and mutual trust and respect.
Kailas, as he was fondly called by his friends, was always unassuming and treated all alike irrespective of social standing. He always greeted everyone with a spontaneous and simple smile and courteous words. He never hesitated to gather information from ordinary people when he wanted such information.
At the Peradeniya
University. As a student at the Peradeniya University, he displayed an unique interest in Tamil studies unuer the late Professors K. Kanapathipillai and V. Chelvanayagam. Prof.S. Withiananthan, the present Vice-Chanchellor of Jaffna University, then a young and active lecturer in Tamil, groomed and selected promising undergraduates to be what they are today and Kailas was one of them.
Prof. S. Vithiananthan carried further the impetus given to spoken Tamil, folk - literature and folk drama by the late Prof.K. Kanapathipillai. He directed and produced such dramas at the University and Kailas and Sivathamby were two of the early actors. Kailas played his roles well and earned the admiration of the audience and critics. Kailas wrote a few short - stories as well.
His career as a journalist
Even as an undergraduate
Kailas wrote a series of aricles,
in the VIRAKESARIon THOLKA
PPYAM the oldest Tamil work available. He developed his
flair for writing while stil an.
undergraduate and became an
accomplished writer and critic.
He was also avoracious reader. Having completed his
University career hej
worked as a journalist at the lake House. He was first editor of the Weekly edition of THNAKARAN and later rose to be its Editor-in-Chief. His career in journalism as a working journalist bears an indelible impression on the Tamil literary scene in Sri Lanka. There was a time when the traditional Tamil Pundits and Scholars reckoned only the old Tamil literature the Sangam and Post-Sangam literature and literature both religious and secular of the romantic periods of Pallava, Pandia, Chola, and Vijayanagara dynastie S. They discounted modern literature like short-stories, novels, modern poetry and drama. Kailas broke this tradition.
BY.A.THEVA
Kailas gave every encouragement to promising, writers particularly the young, in facta large number of Tamil writers today in various fields came to the limelight and established their inherent WOrth during this period. This period, in the early sixties, was one of intense literary activity. This new wave of modernity in liter rary enterprise lapped the shores of the entire Tamil Press and invariably con tributed to the emergence of the modern period of Tam i literature.
Through his role of literary midwife, Kailas attracted the attention of foreign Tamil scholars and writers both within Tamil Nadu and abroad. Foreign Tamil scholars began to recognise Sri Lankan Tamil literature as an important and indispensable addition to modern Tamil literature. In fact novelists like Ilankeeran Ganeshalingam, Agastiar, Bebedict Balan, Daniel and many short story writers, poets and critics-their inherent talents apart- became known to the world at large and had their workstranslated into Sinhalese, English and otherforeign

JANUARY 1983
EDITOR, Ο DON
languages through Kailass singular contribution. The folklore and literature of the Tamils of the plantation areas, and spoken dialects of different parts of Sri Lanka not only became known to the outside World but also came to be seriously studied both within and without.
Kailas gave up his position as a working journalist to take up his academic call at the University. His rich experience through
direct journalistic contacts made.
him an authority in modern literature. His career as an academician is equally characterized by distinctive contributions.
Tamil literature which was hitherto looked upon as a pasttime and pleasure reading was re-interpreted as a mirror of contemporary socio-economic changes, and reflection of a given period. Kailas excelled in this field and many of his writings were looked upon as
RAJAN
standard works. In Indian, Malaysian, foreign Universities where Tamil is a subject oflearning and research, Kailas's books are given recognition as either text books or reference books. He made a daring deviation from traditional approaches in literary criticism and has come to be accepted by all, though there are some dissenters with regard to some of his conclusions. Thesis for his Doctorate
From the University he went to Birmingham where he obtained his Doctorate for his thesis on "Tamil Heroic Poetry." This is a unique work and cannot help' quoting the late Rev. Fr. Thani Nayagam the greatest Tamil Scholar-cum-Ambassador of Tamil culture. He said:"K. Kailasapathy in his TAMILHEROC POETRY (1968) followed earlier suggestions by scholars like G.U. Pope and studied the PURAM Cankam poems as reflecting the Tamil heroic age like the Homeric poems. This was a newline of development which equated Tamil poetry with similiar European classical poetry." This work was published by the Oxford Clarendon Press in 1968. Kailas pub
Singapore and other.
lished an abridged Tamil rendering of this work later. He with Dr. A. Sanmugadas wrote the book NATIONAL LANGUAGES OF SRI LANKA Which was published by the Department of Cultural Affairs Colombo in 1976. He also wrote the book ''CAMPUS PLANNING N SRI LANKAWITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO COLOMBO AND JAFFNA CAMPUSES OF THE UNIVERSITY OFSRI LANKA" assisted by D. P. P. Sama| rasekera and B. Daniskei. Ilt was published by the UNESCO. Kailas's contribution to Sri Lankan Tamil literature in an- , other field is unique. It has been accepted by Tamil critics that the romance of the nineteenth century owes its major share to Sri Lanka. The forerunner of this new Wave for Tamil activity during the late periods of European domination which paved the way for the emergence of Tamil nationalism was Arumuka Navalar supported and continued by C.W. Thamotherampillai, Sabapathy Navalar, Senthinatha Aivar, N. Kathiravetpillai and others. Kailas explored and presented the significance and inalienable importance of this period in many of his writings and works. He edited the NAVALAR CENTENARY VOLUME N 1979 which mirrors the "glory that was" during this
period. Kailas, at the insistence of the writer, was interested in
bringing out such a volume on N. Kathiravetpillai, the distinguished lexicographer, scholar and commentator. But the cruel stroke of fate has removed him from our midst. Kailas was devoted admirer of Bharatiwhose centenary is being celebrated this year. His comments on Bharati have been highly esteemed and the writer is personally aware of many Editors of journals and Bharati Centenary volumes, even from India who had sought articles from him. It is unfortunate that most of these publications will be posthumous.
Kailas's contributions and thoughts have influenced many a contemporary critic and scholar. He served as the fount of a new wave of thought. His contributions cannot be analysed in such a brief sketch.
Cont. on Page 9

Page 9
JANUARY 1983
THE /WD/AWSCE/WE
CONGRESS (I) ROUTE
ANDHRA PRADESH TO
The personal charisma of the Indian Prime Minister, Mrs Indira Gandhi, miserably failed to prevent the shattering rout that Congress (I) suffered in the two southern States of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka and the north-eastern State of Tripura in the recently held State elections. The ignominious defeat of Congress () in the Andhra Pradesh at the hands of Telugu Desam, aparty that came into existence just nine months ago, under the leadership of the popular film actor, Mr.N.T. Rama Rao, was described as a personal defeat for Mrs.Gandhi herself as she turned this election "into an epic fight between her and N.T. Rama Rao as though it was a referendum on her own rule". She paid the price for
Cont. from Page 8
Punјtham Tiruchevam Memorial lecture He has been a visiting lecturer in many Indian and American Universities. He has participated in many international conferences and has presided over some sessions of such conferences. He has also delivered some memorial Lectures. This year he delivered the Punitham Tiruchelvam endowment lecture on Tamil nationalism. He took part in the International Conference-Seminars of Tamil studies held at Madras, Paris and Madurai. His Press com
mentaries on the Madras and
Paris Conference Seminars are worthy of note. At Madurai he presided over one of the plenary sessions. He was the first President of thé Jaffna Campus of the University of Ceylon when it was opened and he carefully built the infrastructure of a promising future University.
He was an accomplished scho
lar, a versatile speaker and an
indefatigable intellectual.
Though his life-span was rela
tively short, he rose to eminence and international recog
ntion. By COURTESY OF "SATURDAY REVIEW".
"belittling Mr. Rama Rao's mass appeal by looking down on him as though no more than a cruel joke on the Telugu people'.
The setback for Congress(I) was even more greater in the State of Karnataka where the outcome resulted in the formation of the first ever nonCongress administration and the defeat of C(i) Chief Minister himself and several of his ministerial collegues.
In Tripura, the DPI(M) led four party Left Front secured an absolute majority in the sixty member Assembly.
NO CONFIDENCE
The outcome of these elections has been a tremendous morale booster for the opposition parties which have been in serious disarray. They regard these results, particularly in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh, as a vote of no-confidence in
Congress(I) and Mrs.Gandhi
personally as Prime Minister. The President of the Bharatiya Janata Party, Mr.A.B.Vajpayee, has called upon Mrs. Gandhi to resign on th ground that the "results have clearly and decilsively shown that Mrs.Gandhi i has ceased to have a mandate to rule the country". The CPI (M) leader, Mr. P. Ramamurti, went further and said,"It is a massive mandate of the people against the policies pursued by the Prime Minister, Mrs. Indira Gandhi".
The magnitude of the defeat, despite the fact that Mrs.Gandhi spent over three weeks 'blazing her way through the two southern States, which have hitherto been Congress strongholds, addressing over 1000 meetings, has demonstrated that her personality and charisma are no longer a sure guarantee for Congress(I)'s continued survival in power.
Already the defeat has shown that Congress(I) is in a bad shape with large scale defections and dissidents crossing over in other States like Maharashtra, Gujarat and Rajasthan where her party men have

- TAMIL TIMES 9 BYSHAWTHT
ED INTHREE STATES BECOME TELUGU NADU
begun to campaign openly against Chief Ministers who were handpicked and appointed by Mrs.Gandhi. Political commentators believe that in the coming period, Mrs.Gandhi would find it immensely difficult to resist the mounting pressure for drastic changes linthese and other States which are plagued by Crass imcompetence and unconcealed nepotism and corruption. SUCCESSYOF TELUGU DESAMʻ The stunning success of the Telugu Desam Party in Andhra Pradesh winning 202 of the total 294 seats in the Assembly, and which was formed just nine months previously should be regarded as a remarkable personal trimph for the popular film star, Mr.N.T. Rama Rao. The transformation of a film star into a Chief Minister in such a short space of time is as historic as it is without precedent. Comparisons can be made of Mr. RamaRao with Mr. M.G.Ramachandran, the film actor Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. However, when MGR became Chief Minister, he was already a seasoned politician and a leading figure in the Dravida Munetra Kazakam.
Mr. Rama Rao has already brought in some fresh air into the politics of the State. The 15 member Ministry headed by him sworn in on January 9th is the smallest since 1962. Represantation has been given to all major communities of the State in his administration. Mr. RamaRao has said that a great effort would be needed to cleanse the 30 years of "pollution' created by previous administrations and pledged to provide a clean and honest administration. He would draw only a token salary of one rupee a month as Chief Minister and has laid strict rules of conduct for his Ministers and legislators. "The people have elected us with great expectations. We have to go to them as servants. Our objecive is not power, but selfless service", he said. He advised
his party men to avoid felicitation functions and dinners and not to accept gifts, large or Small.
On questions of policy, Mr.
Rama Rao said that "our policies and programmes will be
leftist', and land reforms would be implemented and other measures would be adopted to help the poorer sections of the Society. As a first step, rice would be distributed at two rupees a kilo and free mid-day meal would be provided for school children. The testing ground of Mr. Rama Rao's resolve will certainly be on the question of land reforms' in a State where the landed "gentry constitute a powerful economic and social force. MGR, MYELDER BROTHER. Although Telugu Desam was a regional party, Mr. Rama Rao has made it clear that it did not believe in separatism. The party's pleas for more autonomy should not be confused with separatist demands. His party would rename Andhra Pradesh as TELUGU NADU. The three language (Telugu, English and Hindi) policy would continue, but Telugu would be the first language. Some thought that the ascent of a regional party like Telugu | Desam to power would lead to la hardening of stance in regard to the disputed question of 'sharing of Krishna Water with the neighbouring State of Tamil Nadu. Mr.Rama Rao dismissed such thoughts by say! ing, "India is one country. We all belong to one nation. Whatever is in the interest of the people as a whole should be done". On the question of his relation|ship with Tamil Nadu, Mr. Rama Rao Said, "MGR (M.G. Ramachandran, Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu) is myelder brother and he has always treated me kindly as his younger brother'. He had known MGR for more than 25 years and their friendship should make it easier for the two neighbouring States to get on well to mutual advantage.

Page 10
1 O TAM L TIMES
ContFrom P7 His Lordship said that it was unnecessary to go further into Such case law as there was in search of the natural and ordinary meaning of the words. He agreed with Lord Denning that in their natural and ordinary meaning the words meant "that the person must behabitually and normally resident here, apart from temporary or occasional absences of long or short duration". The significance of "habitually' was that that it recalled two necessary features mentioned by Lord Summer in Lysaght's case, namely, residence adopted volutarily and for settled purposes. Parliament had evinced astrong legislative preference as a jurisdictional substitute for domicile; and the choice had to be respected by the courts. His Lordship unhesitantly subscribed to the view that "ordinarily resident" referred to a man's abode in a particular place or country which he had adopted voluntarily and for settled purposes as part of the regular order of his life for the time being, whether of short or long duration.
A single important exception existed: if his presence was unlawful. There were two, and no more than two, respects in which the mind of the propositus was important in determing ordinary residence. The residence must be voluntarily adopted, and there must be a settled purpose. The purpose might be one, or there might be several, it might be specific or general. All the law required was that there was a settled
purpose.
That was not to say that the propositus intended to stay where he was indefinitely; indeed, his purpose while settled might be for a limited period. Education, business or profession, employment, health, family, or merely love of the place sprang to mind as common reasons for a choice of regular abode. And there might well be many others. All that was necessary was that the purpose of living where one did had a sufficient degree of continuity to be properly described as settled. An attempt had been made in the present case to Suggest
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JANUARY 1983
that education could not be a settled purpose. His Lordship had no doubt that it could be.
The choice of ordinary resi-,
dence for determining the test of eligibility for a mandatory award suggested a legislative intention not to impose on local education authorities who were entrusted with the duty of making mandatory awards the infinitely difficult, if not impossible, task of determining whether student had established a permanent home in the United Kingdom.
The basic error of law in the judgements below was the failure by all the judges save Lord Denning to appreciate the authoritative guidance given by the House in the Levene and Lysaght cases as to the natural and ordinary meaning of the words'ordinarily resident'.
They attached too much importance to the particular purpose of the residence; and too little to the evidence of a regur lar mode of life adopted voluntarily and for a settled purpose, whatever it might be, whether study, business, work or pleasure. In so doing they were
FAST
influenced by their own views of policy and by the immigration status of the students.
The way in which they used policy was an impermissible
approach to the interpretation
of statutory language. Judges might not interpret statutes in
the light of their own views as
to policy.
Both courts below - the Court of Appeal, and the Oueen's Bench Divisional Court from which an appeal had been brought - also agreed in attaching decive importance to what the Divisional Court called 'the immigration status' of the students.
"Immigration status', unless it be that of one who had no right to be here, in which event presence in the United Kingdom was unlawful, meant no more than the terms of a person's leave to enter as Stamped on his passport. That might or might not be a guide to a person's intension in establishing a residence in this country; it certainly could not be the decisive test, as in effect the Courts below had treated it.
A further error was their view
( , , 1," Cont on P.14.
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Page 11
JANUARY 1983
Cont. from Page 3
STUN NING DEFEAT The defeat of the government in the Tamil districts of Jaffna, Wanni, Tricomalee and Batticaloa was more stunning and decisive. In the Jaffna district, a record 92 per cent of those who went to the poll voted
against the UNP giving it only.
a derisory 25,315 votes as against 265,534 who voted 'no'. While in Wanni (which included Vavuniya, Mannar and . Mullaitiwu) and Batticaloa districts over 60 per cent of the voters voted against the government, in the Trincomallee district 56 per cent registered a 'no' vote.
The message for the government from the Tamil speaking people of the Northern and Eastern provinces was loud and clear. They had demonstrated their opposition to the government and rejected its undemocratic proposa for the extension of the life of parliament in no unmistakable terms by registering an overwhelming "NO" vote. They also had demonstrated their rejection of and opposition to the government's repressive and strong
arm methods against the Tamil speaking people. The government's arbitrary use of the obnoxious provisions of the Prevention of Terrorism Act and the indiscriminate and arbitrary arrest and detention without trial of youths, Christian priests and academics, and the continued harassment of ordinary people by the security forces also played no small partin the categorical rejection of the government by the Tamil speaking people. JRos IDESPOTISM
Parliament's life has been extended with the 'approval of a minority of the Sri Lankan people. A government, which obtained only 38 per cent of the total voting population, using questionable and even ilegal methods, is to continue to govern the country with 85 percentrepresentation in parliament until August 1989. The opposition which received 32 per cent of the votes will continue to remain in opposition with only 15 per cent representation in parliament Whether even this opposition will be permitted to function as an effective political force is
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TAMIL TIMES 11
| Subhadra Sundharalingam, daughter of Mr.V. Sundharalingam, Producer, Tamil Section, B.B.C. and of Mrs. Sundhara
SUBHADRA SUNDHARALINGAM
lingam, former Vembaditeacher, gave a delightful performance of Bharata Natyam at the Bhatiya Vidya Bhavan, Castletown Road, West Kensington, London on January 15. Subhadra learnt the basics in Bharata Natyam in Sri Lanka under Shanthi Rajendram and later went to Madras to continue her training under the Dhanajayans. She had her Arengetram in Madras where she is also reading for a degree in Sociology.
in grave doubt under the just and righteous regime of JR.
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of the government's 'development plans. History knows no despot ever admitting that he has set up the despotismo for his own sake. He always does so in the "interest of the people and the country'. So also did the Hitlers, the Mussolinis, the Batistas, the Shahs, the Pinochets, the Amins, the Zias, the Suhartos, etc. of the world.

Page 12
12 AMIL TIMES l
About People
PROF. KKA/LASAPATHY,
Sri Lanka's leading Tamil Scholar and the Dean of the Faculty of Arts of Jaffna University, Prof. K. Kailasapathy (49), died at the Colombo General Hospital on December 6 after a brief illness. He was the first President of the Jaffna campus of the University of Sri Lanka, and had edited the Tamil newspaper "Thinakaran' from 1959 to 1961. A reputed Tamil scholar known for his comparative method and for his grounding in the Social Sciences, he wrote a number of books including Tamil Heroic Poetry", published by Oxford University Press, and a critical study of the Tamil novel. He was working on a major study of the work of Subramania Bharathi, to estimate the poet's place in relation to his times and the modern movement in Tamil. He leaves his wife and two children.
in a tribute, Dr.V.C. KulandaiSwami, Vice-Chancellor of the Anna University, Madras, said Dr. Kailasapathy was'easily
one of the most outstanding,
literary critics that we have had in this part of the world". A person of high objectivity and discriminating scholarship, he was a towering personality, in the field of Tamil research, and always endeavoured to relate scholarship and research to the problems of the people.
DR. S. PAD/WARAYAW
Dr.S.P. Adinarayan, former Vice-Chacellor of the Annamalai University, died at Ottawa, Canada, on December 13 after a brief illness. He was 78 and is survived by his wife, two daughters and a son. After a brilliant academic career, Dr. Adinarayan worked for Sometime as Professor of Philosophy at the Madras Christian College, and joined the Annamalai University in 1957 as Head of the Department of Philosophy. He was a member of the Syndicate for several years and acted as Deputy to the Vice-Chancellor for some time before he was appointed Vice-Chancellor in August, 1969. He held the post fof about seven years. An author
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JANUARY 1983
of several books on philo.
sophy and psychology, he was invited to the USA thrice as visiting professor.
Dr. Adinarayan had gone to Canada a year ago to be with his daughter.
DAR, CD, SDE VAWIESAW Dr. Chandran D.S. Devanesan, former Vice-Chancellor of the North Eastern Hill University, died in Madras on December 19 following a heart attack. He was 65. v
A well-known educationist,
Dr.Devanesan was the first Indian Principal of the Madras Christian College, Tambaram, and was appointed Vice-ChanCellor of the North Eastern Hill University at Shillong in January, 1974. He founded the Institute for Development Education in Madras three years agO. A popular speaker and a prolific writer, Dr. Devanesan was also a poet and had to his credit a volume of verse.
He is survived by his wife Norma (sister of Leslie Goonewardene) and three sons, one of whom is married to a granddaughter of the late A.J. R. | Vethavaman, Principal of the
Government Training College
when it was located at Thurstan Road, Colombo. Dr. Deva
nesan's early education was at
Kingswood College, Kandy. Mrs. S.T. Aseerwatham
Mrs. S.T. Aseerwatham, affec
tionately called "Gnani Acca",
passed away peacefully in her home at Sri Lanka on 6 January 1983 after a brief illness. She was a remarkable woman of character who played an active
role as teacher, leader, friend,
mother and counsellor in addtion to the several years of
pastoral duties that she shared with her husband. She also on January 5, 1983 of Mr.J.F. assisted her late brother Rev. of.
the Ashram) in his great work.
S.Selvaratnam (founder
Her sense of humour and the wonderful capacity to extend her boundless affection and service to all who knew her were spontaneous and infectious. She took an active part in other organisations such as the Y.M.C.A., S.C.M., Wူရှီ Centre and youth groups both in Jaffna and Colombo. She leaves behind her husband and
sons Dr.Sayan Aseerwatham (Sri Lanka). Her deeds of goodness will
live forever.
in the words of Tagore: "Death is not extinguishing the light; it is only putting ou the lamp because the Dawn has come”.
R.W. K.
Mr. K.J. Chesvarajan Mr. K.J. Chelvarajan, son of the late Rev and Mrs J.M. Kanagaratnam, grandson of the late Mr and Mrs J.V. Chellish, husband of Ranjiandfather of Suji and Raji serenely greeted his journey's end on 19 December 1982 at the Horton General Hospital in Banbury.
As a student and teacher at Jaffna College he was held in high esteem. Since 1969 he was Principal of Nuffield College, Kaithady and later he also served at the Jaffna Campus, and the Technical College, until he fell ill. He was an excellent teacher and also had acted with great ability in several plays. His vision was dynamic and he testified to this with a very cheerful disposition. Until the very end of his life he radiated hope, courage and comfort to all those who met him. He was a sincere friend who cared for all. A short service was held in the chapel prior to the cremation at Warwick, when Rev Miss Constance Nash paid great tribute to a man who gracefully bore pain and suffering with outstanding joy and faith. To 'Chelva', as affectionately called by the hospital staff, "Death was Life's finestform of adventure'. He often quoted Shakespeare's words. "After Life's fitful fever, he sleeps well".
R.W.K.
JF Ponոambalam
The death occured at Colombo
Ponnambalam of 25 Deanstone Place, Colombo 3. Mr. Ponnambalam was the Registrar of Companies at the time of his retirement from the public service in 1972.
J.F. startedlife as a Proctor of the Supreme Court and had a lucrative civil and criminal practice in Jaffna where he was also the Secretary of the Jaffna District Lwa Society. After the war Mr. Ponnambalam moved over to Colombo to assume duties as the first Assistant Registrar of Companies
when the new Department of

Page 13
JANUARY 1983
SWAMI PREMANANDA
TO VISIT
Swami Premananda of POObala Krishna Ashram, Matale, Sri Lanka is expected to arrive in the United Kingdom on 7th Febr ruary, 1983. He hopes to spend about two weeks in the UK.
Swami Premananda will conduct the LINGOTPAVAN
Swami Premananda of Poobala Krishna Ashram, Matale, Sri Lanka is expected to arrive in the United Kingdom on 7th February, 1983. He hopes to spend about two weeks in the UK.
Swami Premananda Will con -duct the LINGOTPAVAM ceremonyat the "Geęta Bavan Mandiro, 107-115 Heathfield Road, Birmingham on Maha Sivarathriday which falls on Friday 11th February, 1983. Swarai remananda will also visit the Ganapathy emple, Effra Road, Wimbledon, Lon don on Saturday, 19th February, 1983.
ceremony at the “GQeta o Savan Mendir”,
UK
: | Full details of his programme during his stay in the UK may be obtained by telephoning either 016603604 or Birming ham (0203)419264.
WEDDING The marriage took place on 'Sunday, 16 January, at Lola Jones Hall, Greaves Place, Lon don SW17 of Sujenthiran, eldest son of Mr. 8 Mrs. N.S. Kandiah of 6 Meton Røde London S.W. 18, and Anushya daughter of Mr.S. Sri Shanmu ganathan (Kuwait Airways) and Mrs. Sri Shanmuganathan, - presently of 145 Sheldon Road,
Edmonton, London N.18.
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TAMIL TIMES 13
sy
Cont. from Page 12
the Registrar of Companies was set up in the early 1940s.
An old boy of Jaffna College, Vaddukkoddai he held office' in the Jaffna College Alumni Association for several years. (He was also a prominent member of the Tamil Union Cricket
Club, Colombo.
He leaves behind his widow Kit (nee Thevathasan) and five daughters Saro Edwards, Karuna Nalliah (both in Canada) kayanshi Nagutendran (UK) Chrishanthi and Vasantha (Sri |Lank) He is also survived by four sisters and one brother, his eldest brother Mr.A.S. Ponnambalam Retired District Judge, having predeceased him. A.R.A.
REV. S. THEVANESAN
A The Rev. S. Thevanesan of the Methodist Church has reurned to Sri Lanka after having ted his study in the SÁÁ reived this M.A. agree isyhalogyandTheo gigy from the University of Rochester in New York in May 1981 and then underwent a year of training in Clinical Psy
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chology at the Lutheran Medi.Centre, Brooklyn, New York اف | He is now Circuit Superintendent at Kalmunai.
i
WEST LONDON TAM IL SCHOOL
As part of its programme for expansion, Violin Classes for adults and children are to start at the West London Tami School. A leading Violinist, Dr. Luxmi.Jayam, will conduct the classes. Those interested are requested to contact the Headmaster (Telephone 01 904 !3937) for further particulars. | The school will continue to provide, among other facilities, lessons in the learning and use of the Tamil language, dancing, vocal music and veena.
S.C.O.T. LUNCH AND RAFFLE.
The Tamil New Year Lunch and Raffle will take place on
Sunday, 24th April, 1983 at Lola Jones Hall, Greeves Place, toff Garratt Lane, London S.W. 17, Tickets are available froff Mr. M.Thiagarajan, Treasurer, SCOT, 24 Brook Avenue, Edgware, Middlesex HA8 9XF.
Pe)ft Höf(c(»)ʻt
Tel: o1-9582739.
PACKING 2 NC UDING
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Page 14
14 TAMILTIMES
Cont. from Page 10i
that a specific limited purpose Could not be a settled purposel The notion of a permanent or indefinitely enduring purpose as an elecment in ordinary residence derived not from the natural and ordinary meaning of the words ''ordinarily resident' but from a confusion of it with domicile. His Lordship rejected the conclusions and reasoning of the courts below. He rejected the 'real home' test. In his view neither the test nor a varioant of it was consistent with the natural and ordinary meaning of the words.
Once it was accepted that it was not legitimate to look to the "recoupment" provisions of the Education Act for guidance, there was nothing in the Acts to suggest that the words should bear any other than their natural and ordinary meaning.
Local education authorities, when considering an appli
cation for a mandatory award,
had to ask themselves the question: has the applicant shown that he has habitually,
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and normally resided in the United Kingdom from choice and for a settled purposes throughout the prescribed period, apart from temporary or occasional absences?
lf an authority asked that, the correct duestion was then for it, and it alone, to determine whether as a matter of fact the applicanthad shown such residence. An authority was not required to determine his "real home', whatever that meant; nor need any attempt be made to discover what his long-term intentions or expectations were. The relevant period was not the future but one which had largely (or wholly) elapsed, namely, that between the date of the commencement of his proposed course and the date of his arrival in the United Kingdom.
The terms of an immigrant student's leave to enter and remain here might or might not throw lighton the question; it would, however, be of little weight when put into the balance against the fact of continued residence over the prescribed period, unless the resi
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dence was itself a breach of the terms of his leave, in which event his residence being unlawful, could not be ordinary.
THE LEAGUE OFFR|- ENDS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF JAFFNA
The League has had a very successful year with the various projects embarked upon in 1982. It sent over 500 books and another 500 journals to the University Library. Sending books and journals to the University has been the most important activity of the League since its inception in February 1981. The League has also been involved in various other activities such as a. Preparation and transport of Histology teaching slides (with Microscope). b. Helping to arrange the visit of eminent scientist to the Jaffna Campus from London to deliver lectures and conduct seminars in his field of research. c. Importing Palm Oilseeds and initiating experi
ments on OILPALM growth in
Jaffna climatic conditions. e. Helping to arrange training for three Medical Students from UK at the Jaffna Hospital and
NCEMENT k
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JANUARY 1983
at the Medical Faculty. PANS FOR 1983 a. To send more books and journals (at least 2000 publications). b. To send more Histology slides. 900 slides were sent in 1982, another 21 OO will be sent in 1983. C. To send Projection Slides for teaching purposes. d. To help establish a University Press which will co-ordingte the publication of reseařčih material available in the Peninsula. e. to make arrangements for staff and students to obtain overseas training. f. To send visiting lecturers to the University whenever possible. h. To help improve the state of the University wards at the Hospital. in order to work more effectively and fulfil its aims. The league requests all members to send their subscriptions and donations to any of the five officebearers.
President: Dr.T Raja Chandran, MBBS, DRCOG, The Croft, Church Street, Sutton-in-Ashfield, Notts. Tel. O623 554517
Cont. on Page 16

Page 15
JANUARY 1983
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Page 16
16 TAMIL TIMEs
DISTRICT LAMMP PER PO
ΟΕΝΤ
Colombo 335,179' 52.95 295,63 Gampaha 330,265 57.36 243,64 Kalutara 170,495. 49.28 17441 Kandy 265,986 62.15 160,34. Matale 110,689 73.46 39,34. Nuwara Eliya 117,585 72.70 43,37 Galle 162934 47.15 18162 Matara 146,705 50.55 142,64 Hambantota 73,113 45.06 89,12 Jaffna 25,325 8.71 265,53 Wanni 25,986 34.46 48.96 Batticaloa 47,482 39.14 7297 Digamadulla 91129 58.93 62,834 Trincomalee 39,429 42.96 51.90: Kurunegala 340,935 61.88 208,34 Puttam 109,951 6O.47 7133 Anuradhapura 140,460 68.24 64,618 Polonnaruwa 51,709 58.44 36,442 Badulla 152,413 69.92 64,42, Moneragala 58,265 64.24 31 86 Ratnapura 177,079 57.81 128,367 Kegalle 168,119 56.73 128,234
TOTAL 3,141,223 54.66 2,605,98:
Cont, from Page 1 abandoned; it has only been shelved for the present. The use of such behind the Scene threats on the one hand, and publicly extending the olive
branch on the other, is all part
K/india/Sri Lanka . . . . . . . . . . .
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of JR's political armoury.
As far as the other opposition parties, like the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP), CP and the LSSP, are concerned, they have dismissed the idea of a national government outright.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

JANUARY 1983
M RESULTS
r
PER TOTAL
ΟΕΝΤ POLLED
46.7Ο 633,OO1 42.32 575,749 50.41 345,943 37.37 427,907 26.11 150,667 26.82 161722 52.55 345,565 49.15 290,225 54.94 162,239 91.30 290,849 64.94 754O1 60.15 121,311 40.64 154,633 56.44 91,776 37.81 550,957 39.24 18182O 31.39 2O5,825 41.18 88,486 29.55 217,992 35.12 90,705 41.90 3O6,286 43.27 296,353
45.34 5,768,662
SPOLT MAJOR/TY
2,192 39,548 1841 86,625 1,035 3,918 1,572 1 O5,637 63O 71,341 768 74,214 101 O 18,687 873 4,058 440 16,030 1775 240,219 447 22,982 858 25,489 668 28,293 438 1248O 1,673 132,586 530 38,622 747 75,842 355 15,267 1,152 97,986 58O 26,405 840 48,712 1,034 39,885
21,460 535,240
They even seem to be suspicious about the motives behind the proposal for an all-party committee for national unity. Mr.Sarath Muttetuwegama, a CP Member of Parliament for Kalawana, welcomed the idea of an all-party committee to bring about racial harmony and said that if such an effort was to succeed, the committee should include all recognised political parties, both inside and outside parliament. However, he warned, that if the Committee was intended as a precursor to the formation of a national government, the CP
would not participate.
The SLFP has not declared its
hand yet on the proposal for
an all-party committee. If one looks at its past record, the SLFP, like the UNP, has always used the Tamil speaking people as a political football in its effort to gain power. Why should it, therefore, help the UNP to consolidate itself in power? Rather, it would prefer tokeep the ethnic conflictcontinuing so that it can present itself as the saviour of Sirhala and Buddhism when the opportunity arises to regain power.
zsiahn
Cont on Page 14. Vice-President: Dr.T Ratnavel, MBBS, DIH, 161 Cassiobury Drive, Watford, Herts. Tel, 9224927
Asst. Secretary: Dr.S Thanabalasingham, MSc, PhD,
31 Melrose Gardens, Edgware, Middx. Tel. O1-204 0 1 09
Treasurer: Mr. R Sarvananther, BSc, CEng, MIMechE, Mll ProdE, 44 Lorne Road, Wealdstone, Middx. Tel. 01-863 6554
Secretary: Mr.N.Vamadevan BSc.M.I.W.E 6, Sterry Drive, Thames Ditton,
Surrey.
Tel. O1-3986O78
LSSLLLLSLSSSS
“Liberty and , democracy become.
unholy
when their hands are dyed red with innocent
blood.'
MMAAA7MA GAWD/
t