Page 1
Tanni
TIMES
TAMIL TIMES
ISSN 0265-4488
ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION
UKAWIWSri Laka ..., HEWUSST15 All other countries, E15/USS25
Published monthly by TAMIL TIMES, LTD P.O. BOX 304 Londo W13, 9 ON United Kingdom
CONTENTS
Editorial ...................................... 2
|Indian Gower ni Teflt Corderns Military Offensive By Sri Lanka. 3
Jaya Wardene's Remarks ........... 4
All-Party Support For Sri Lanka Ta mis „... 5
Tamil Employees Banned Front Government Depts................... 6
Colonisati OT COf Tami | Argas With Sinhalese Should Be Dropped... 8
CofEECE Cords Acts Of
Oppression & Genocide,...,..., 9 "A Military Solution"................ TO
TO WardS PEHCE Ald TO|Gra IICE Or L LLLLLLL TLLL LLLL LLLLL S S 11
Diary Of Incidents ..................... 12
Non-Ethnic: Ca LuSES COf (CTiSiS i Sri
Lanka Part ..............................., 14
LLLLLL L LLLLLT LL LaaLaLCLLLLLLLLS 0 What The Papers Say................. 1ËS
Sri Lanka Refugia ES in India ..., 17 "Integration Yes, But No
Assimilation" ... 18
Book Review...... 19
Classified Ads............................22
WEW's Expressed by contributors ar Emot necessarily those of the editor of the pgulbulish Er:5. The publishers assumero responsibility for return af Insolie:iked Tigriuscripts, photographs fryygir kt.
Printed. By Clarendon Printers Ltd, Bealtaisisfield, BLItkinghas Ilshire,
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Services raiлеd
upon the thickly distrfcf. At the si the coasta tow and surrounding 272 helicopterg
Ewer the Jaffn located in the cent Sphäred. It reciwgal damaging 4 Ward. irħi Tlates.
The military op. Several days Was, of President Jai publicised declara LJO wEr IIIlčnt ware military solution t in Sri Lanka. That rade and the COIT) Ten Ced in Hfter ITH til Lif the delegation's wisitt. peace efforts Colf Suspicior of government was
egotiated solutio) The operation be TOW let Of 9.000 and recent Weapons, includi Tade anti-landm tanks, by ship, destination being
The troops, by : CO 1 fine di thir C: year for fear of SI militants who and Times along i roads to the artly three-pronged LI I de rota. kg With porowidad with aii troops attempted arrT1y Carlp cat Dutch-built Jaffra th0se frior T. the Car

75р
WOI. W No. 8 June 1986
ERNMENT LAUNCHES LITARY OFFENSIVE
Mercenaries Bomb Jaffna
1Ү Т7, fог several days, а пшmber of towлs in the Srї district of Jaffna were pounded from sea and air in the һегatioп bythe goverпллелt. Scores ofTamiї civiliапs died пgs, hospitals апd һоптes were set ablazе алd destroyed a Marchetti attack aircraft piloted by foreign mercenaries ChаллеI Islands-based shadowу ошtfТt Keелу Meeny Pakistani manufactured bombs each weighing 55 kilos populated Jaffna city and other towns and villages in the arme time, Israeli-built gunboats indiscriminately she/Ied 7s of Valvettiturai, Vasa wilan, Polikandy and Karainagar | villages forcing the people to fїеe. SїппшItaлеошsly Be//
Inships strafed the area with machine guns.
a General Hospital re of the city was not i 59Wg fal direct hits 5 and injuring many
erator which lasted Funched in the Waka yawardena's much tion that HC and his 2 going to seek a the ethnic Conflict this declaration was military offensive the immediate OLIr-TerTiber Indian COOTEO to initiate irr Tned the long-held tary that the not interesteld in a
agan with a Tlassive Ips Turnbering Liver y a Cuired hea w y ng South African ina armo Lur plated air a nd road, th 3: Jaffa. ind large, had been a Tips during the last iper-fire from Tamil had also planted прогtant approach carps. On May 17, a Operati WS gJTOL Tid tropos " Cower. While the to Iowa Out of the ad Within the Old Fort into the city, mp at Eleph ant Pass
(the narrow causeway which links the Jaffna Peninsula with the mainland), some 20 miles south of Jaffna city, began to advance towards the city, Sir Tultaneously, troops bagan to advance from the main army camp located in the military airfield at Palaly Qwards the City änd als from thé beaches along the coast and islands including Kayts, 19 miles from Jaffna city,
Strong resfstance
What began as a Well plan med Operation and initially expected to last 72 hours, according to a Ministry of National Security communique, to gain military domination of the Jaffna Peninsula, soon met with strong and stiff resistance from Tamil guerrillas, The troops from all three army camps, Jaffna, Palaly and Elephant Pass, were pi ed down and thair advace thwarted When TarTil guerrillas fought back. With rockets, Ortars and automatic Weapons.
If the government häd Calculated ar easy walkower against the Tilitants in the Wake Of the LTTE-TELO fratricidal clash, and to gain military control of the Jaffna peninsula and thereafter to liquidate the Liberation Tigers and other militant groups, ther the resistance the troop 5 en Countered TLIst hava given a TL'de Shock to the arm-chair military strategists in Colombo, including Presidt Jaya Warderne who orily a week earlier
Солtiглшвd сул back paga

Page 2
ICE .ء ۔ R LALITH A THULATHMUDALI, the Sri Lankan Minister of National Security, speaking at a recent Buddhist ceremony commented: "... while Sinhalese boys in their teens in the south are walking about with ice cream cones in their hands, the boys of the north are going about with grenades in their hands'.
Does the Minister understand how this situation arose? Is it because Tamil youths have a congenital or traditional proclivity to violence or an unnatural eagerness to wield such lethal weapons, and that Sinhalese youths, imbibed with the Buddhist concepts of non-violence and compassion, are content to handle ice cream cones and not grenades? Is it not a fact that areas predominantly inhabited by Tamils had the least crime record until recently? Is it also not a fact that Tamil people, including the youth, had been as law abiding, if not more, as other people of Sri Lanka? Then, why at least a section of them have been driven to the use of violence as a means of expression? What and who pushed them into this violent course? V. X . . .
Human rights and fundamental freedoms of the Tamil people, including the right to be treated as equals in the land of their birth, were progressively denied. Politically and socially they were oppressed. Their education and employment opportunities were unfairly restricted. Their peaceful protest cam
paigns were suppressed with brute force. Their identity as a
cultural and national entity was sought to be destroyed by the deprivation of their linguistic rights and by the practice of stateaided discriminatory colonisation of Tamil areas. Repositories of their cultural heritage such as libraries, temples and churches were set ablaze and destroyed. They were made tragic victims of frequent racial pogroms while the State and its forces of law and order failed to protect them from marauding mobs. Tamils in their thousands, especially the youths, were incarcerated for prolonged periods, beaten, tortured and many of them even killed. The state employed its troops to kill and main innocent Tamil civilians in their thousands, set fire to and destroy their homes, farms and their villages. Their women were raped and children kidnapped. Thousands of them were forced to flee to other countries in search of physical security. Since the 1980s, over 300,000 Tamils have fled the country as a direct consequence of discrimination, oppression and physical violence.
To quote Mr Shelton Ranarajah, Deputy Minister of Justice, a lone and sane voice from the ranks of an insane and insensitive bunch of opportunist ruling party politicians, "The ethnic conflict could be said to have originated with the
COLLECTIVE V
E IRA carry out bomb attacks in Northern Ireland and in mainland Britain in pursuance of what they perceive as their political goals. They even tried to physically eliminate the entire British cabinet including the Prime Minister by blowing
up the Grand Hotel at Brighton in 1984. But the British
government did not and does not go about isolating and victimising every Irishman in Britain for the actions of the IRA. Some members belonging to the Sikh community carry out violent attacks in India and outside in pursuance of their demand for Khalistan. They even assassinated the much revered Indian Prime Minister, Mrs. Indira Gandhi. Even today, violent attacks by militant Sikhs continue in Punjab. But the Sikhs as a community are not victimised and continue to occupy many of the most sensitive and highest positions in all levels of Indian administration.
However, Sri Lanka is different and in that country the Tamils as a community are treated differently. That is why several hundred innocent Tamils employed in several government departments, state corporations and radio and television networks have been ordered out of their work places and sent away on 'compulsory leave' following two recent explosions in Colombo, one in an Air Lanka jetliner and another at the Central Telegraphic Office, allegedly caused by a Tamil
CF
3.
 
 
 

JUNE 1986
జిల్లజ*Y***ళ:Rrtxt; ', ബ
EAM AND GRENADES
promulgation of Sinhala as the state language. The Tamils asked for equal rights and when they campaigned, they did so through the path of ahimsa. They did not take to arms in 1958. They reposed trust in the Sinhala people and entered into the Bandaranaike-Chelvanayakam Pact. Because of the opposition from some political opportunists, the agreement was torn up. By the year 1972, Tamil youth had come to believe that Tamils as a community were not only being deprived of educational opportunities and employment prospects, but also of land that rightly belonged to them. The Tamil political leadership which thought that the government of the country was systematically cheating them of their legitimate rights thought that only in a separate state could their rights be preserved . . . The Sinhala people instead of trying to understand the root cause of the demand for a separate state, merely pushed themselves into a position where they began to view the Tamils with distrust, doubt and fear. . . When in 1983 thousands of Tamil people who had lived together with the Sinhalese for generations in the south were attacked and their property destroyed, many of us went to their help. Many of us felt sorry for them. But how many of those who were involved in the atrocities were identified or punished? Why were they not brought under the process of the law? Several thousands of homes belonging to Tamils were set on fire. What had been done to compensate for that? Hurt and humiliated by the treatment given to them, Tamils naturally lost faith in us . . . Today, the non-participation of the Tamils in our administrative and public life is a loss to our society. Tamil intellectuals, doctors, engineers and professionals in many walks of life have left this country and are lending their services to foreign countries. I have met several of them in the course of my travels in many parts of the world, and they all yearn to get back and work in their own ancestral soil, if only conditions could be created for them to come back and live with equal rights, dignity and honour. . .'
The present struggle of the Tamil people reflect their desire to regain those equal rights, dignity and honour. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, recognising the inherent dignity and the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family, asserted that human rights should be protected by law if man is not compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression. The struggle of the Tamil people has today reached that stage of rebellion against the tyranny and oppression they suffer at the hands of the Sri Lankan state. And the guns and grenades that the Tamil youth carry constitute the tools of that rebellion.
IOTIMISATION
militant group.
What is most distressing is the fact that so far there have been no protests from either the trade unions to which the suspended Tamil employees belonged or from the Sinhalese colleagues with whom they worked, or from newspapers or opposition parties against this collective victimisation of an entire people.
The government's action demonstrates most conclusively that the Tamil people as a whole are no longer trusted they are no longer to be treated as part of the Sri Lankan society; and everyone who is born a Tamil would be called upon to pay the penalty for any alleged act of commission or omisson on the part of an individual Tamil or a group of Tamils. The government itself would appear to have come to the conclusion that Sinhalese and Tamils can no longer work together.
We have repeatedly commented in the past that the demand for a separate state by the Tamils was not one of choice; it was in fact forced on them in the context in which they found themselves. It was the actions of successive governments that pushed substantial sections of the Tamil people to support the demand for a separate state. If past acts of discrimination, oppression and violence against the Tamils had gradually made separation a psychological reality, recent actions by the government tend to make separation a physical imperative.
--

Page 3
JONE 1986
INDIAN GOVERN , MILITARY OFFEN
From G.K. Reddy NEW DELHI, May 19
THE GOVERNMENT of India today condemned in the strongest possible terms, the massive military operations launched by Sri Lanka in the Northern Province, including aerial bombing and strafing of Jaffna City, which resulted in the destruction of a hospital and the loss of a large number of innocent civilian lives.
In a sharply worded statement issued after several hours of consultations at the highest level, the Sri Lankan Government was charged with duplicity in preparing for this military action, while talking reassuringly of its desire for a peaceful political settlement of the Tamil problem.
The hopeful atmosphere created by the recent talks between India and Sri Lanka in Colombo had been frustrated by the Jayawardene Government’s disinclination to provide any further amplifications or clarifications to the formulations that emerged from these discussions. This negative position taken by Sri Lanka had coincided with the commencement of these military operations, which have turned the sincere efforts to resolve this tragic tangle into a pointless exercise.
The Indian statement, approved by the Prime Minister after his return from the African tour today was drafted by the new External Affairs Minister, Mr P. Shiv Shank
er, in consultatio with this proble developments, M trip to Brazil ti meeting and the Singh, left tonigl conference.
The following statement: "We . by reports that 1 have commenced tions in the Jaffn criminate aerial b City, which has re hospital and a lar and many hundre military operatior loss of still larger lives and only pro of the people of SI “The Governm grave concern at the Government ( Sri Lankan leader their commitment cal solution to the ly deplorable that been undertaken ments of India and discussions to find to this problem. T process of negotia
El Salvador-Type E
Member, Mr John E. Porter:
Tamil minority.
The following is the text of a letter dated 21 April 1986 to George P. Shultz, the US Secretary of State, by US Congre
I am writing to you to express my concern over the curre situation in Sri Lanka and the problem facing people of t
The 1985 State Department Human Rights Report highlight
the current problems in Sri Lanka. In the northern and ti eastern parts of Sri Lanka, which are predominantly Tamil area the toll from politically motivated violence continues to rise. Ti actions of the Sri Lankan security forces have been a maj source of this tension.
As a member of the Appropriations Subcommittee on Forei
Operations, I am aware that the FY '87 foreign assistan
request for Sri Lanka includes $20 million in developmen; assistance and $185,000 for military training.
However, I am greatly disturbed over reports that indicate th the Sri Lankan government security forces have used milita force, including aerial bombing, against Tamil villages,
The reports also indicate that there have been increas disappearances of young men from Tamil villages. According Amnesty International, of the 180 Tamil males they ha documented who have disappeared, many were discovered, their families to be in detention at police stations or arr detention camps.
The situation in Sri Lanka is very troublésome. | believe tha: we are to maintain funding to Sri Lanka at present levels, th government must take steps to demonstrate their commitme to improving its relations with the Tamil minority.
Mr Secretary, I would greatly appreciate any information th you have about the present situation in Sri Lanka and how v are using our influence to curb the aerial bombing and hum, rights violations of the Sri Lankan security forces. I also ho that you can use your influence to urge the Sri Lank government that the United States wants to see real progress Sri Lankan human rights.
 

IMENT CONDEMNS
TAMLTMES3
SVE BY SRI LANKA
with senior officials dealing . In view of these grave Shiv Shanker cancelled his
attend the Group of 77 Finance Minister, Mr V.P. to represent India at this
the full text of the Indian re distressed and disturbed le Sri Lanka armed forces large-scale military operapeninsula, including indismbing and strafing of Jaffna ulted in the destruction of a e number of civilians killed is wounded. Such continued s will inevitably lead to the lumbers of innocent civilian ong the agony and suffering
Lanka. -
ent of India expresses its he massive use of force by f Sri Lanka at a time when s have repeatedly professed to seeking a peaceful politiethnic issue. It is particularsuch operations should have at a time when the Govern| Sri Lanka were engaged in a peaceful political solution nese operations frustrate the tions. The Government of
India is also distressed by the unwarranted and baseless statements of the Sri Lankan leadership, appearing in the press, critical of the Prime Minister of India.
“The attitude of the Sri Lankan Government gives the clear impression that it is unwilling to provide any further amplifications or clarifications on the subjects discussed during the visit of the Minister of State, M. P. Chidambaram, to Colombo, nor does it seem prepared to furnish its views on alternative formulations suggested in this regard. This negative position taken by the Sri Lankan Government has now coincided with the commencement of its military operations in the Jaffna peninsula, which is indeed unfortunate.
"The Government of India would like to reiterate their firm view that there can be no military solution to the ethnic issue in Sri Lanka. The current military operations undertaken by the Sri Lankan armed forces will only lead to further worsening of the situation and add to the suffering of the people of Sri Lanka. It is our earnest hope that rather than taking recourse to the use of force and bloodshed against a significant section of its own people, the Government of Sri Lanka would do well to seek a resolution of the ethnic issue through a process of dialogue and meaningful, pragmatic measures to meet the situation and resolve the problem.'
By courtesy of "The Hindu"
en Protest Against
ombing of Tamil Areas
The following is the text of a letter dated 12 May 1986 addressed to Sri Lankan President, J.R. Jayawardene, by Mr Mervyn M. Dymally, US Congress Member and Member of the
; Foreign Affairs Committee of the House of Representatives:
Recent news accounts and reports documenting an escalation of violence between the Sri Lankan military and Tamil guerrillas
are very disturbing, it appears that both sides have opted to
settle what is basically an ethnic struggle for political and democratic participation through the use of its arms. v ʻ
As I review this situation, three conclusions become obvious. First, innocent civilians are killed, injured, and arrested as a result of the unrest. The indiscriminate bombings are similar to those reported from the war in El Salvador. Second, this policy invites polarisation of the Sinhalese and Tamils in a fashion likened to the making of a civil war. Third, it is very clear that this policy of armed conflict is not working. Similarly, it is clear that
an alternative solution is necessary to prevent an increasingly
dangerous situation.
Sri Lanka has been a success story in democratic history since its independence. Therefore, it is disappointing to learn that the core of the current problem centres around representation of the minority. I do not believe that as the world's largest per capital recipient of Western aid, Sri Lanka serves democracy well by the current unrest.
These developments have caused grave concerns in the Sri Lankan community in my State of California. As a representative. of a Tamil constituency and member of the House Subcommittee on Asian and Pacific Affairs, l intend to raise this question with the committee,
I understand that Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi is very interested in a negotiated solution. It is my hope that you will pursue this course with the Indian Government to arrive at a satisfactory political settlement.
Throughout this world, we are witnessing violent conflicts
that involve the use of armed forces, it is my position as a member of Congress and of the House Foreign Affairs Commit
tee that the best alternative is a peaceful negotiated solution. I urge you and officials of your government to seek such an
alternative for the sake of the Sri Lankan people and democracy.

Page 4
4AMILTIMES
JAYAWARDEN "INTEMPERATE AN
THE ACCUSATIONS of President Jayawardene about the position of Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi on the Tamil problem in Sri Lanka were "intemperate' and the language used irresponsible', the Indian External Affairs Minister P. Shiv Shankar recently said in the Upper House of the Indian Parliament.
“It does not behove a seasoned politician of the stature of Jayawardene to speak in such a manner', the Minister said, referring to the interview given by the Sri Lankan President to the London Sunday Times in which he accused Mr Gandhi of backing the Tamil militants and appealed to the western countries for arms and money to fight them.
Mr Shiv Shanker, who was making his parliamentary debut in the new ministry in the course of responding to points made by members of parliament during a Calling Attention Notice, said, “If these remarks were only made to get more arms and money, then they were even more unfortunate'.
During the discussion on the motion, in which a dozen Opposition and ruling party members spoke, the Indian Government was urged to shake off its “vacillating and weak” response to the happenings in the island.
The Opposition members wanted a drastic remedy. Mr V. Gopalasamy (DMK), who tabled the motion, wanted the Government to give Sri Lanka an ultimatum and break off diplomatic relations in case it did not end the "genocide" of Tamils and resolve the crisis speedily. Other spoke of economic sanctions and international pressure to make Mr Jayawardene budge.
Dealing with the suggestions, Mr Shiv Shankar in his reply said that breaking off diplomatic ties would be an extreme step. Such an uncharitable view could not be taken,
During the debate that generated considerable heat, the Opposition members charged the Government with adopting a weak approach. Most of them said that the Indian foreign policy in respect of the Sri Lankan crisis was a total flop.
Mr V. Gopalasamy said that under the pretext of negotiations the Jayawardene regime was cleverly using up the time to arm itself to the teeth to crush the Tamil movement. The
- Shiv S.
Lankan authorities were only the Tamil populace vestige of Tamil culture i Mr P. Upendra (Te India to mobilise worl international pressure o not be enough to mov Commission. The UN approached. He wonder treating it as an intern since it was the Tamil systematically butchered Mr Jasant Singh (BJP Government's approach helplessness. Mr Chitta clear that Mr Jayaward full-fledged war with the had sought assistance fr
etS,
Mr M.C. Bhandare ( terrorism going on in L cedented dimension. T tional's report pointed trated in the name of put Mr Valampuri John without going in for eco could do nothing to ma ably. He said it was cur dene should be threaten when he had already action in a big way. Sri as a mere paper tiger.
Others who spoke on Mr Dipen Ghosh (CPI(Lok Dal), Mr M.S. G ta), Mr M. Kalyanasum Madan Bhatia (Congress
The following is the text by Mr Shiv Shankar or Upper House of the India
"An Indian delegati Chidanbaran, Minister Public Grievances and ombo from April 29 t delegation included Ron Representative for Sri La
The delegation had e discussions with Presiden ter for National Security,
"Impose sanctions if talk
LEADERS of nine opposition parties in India called upon the Centre to give up 'softpedalling' on the issue of Sri Lanka Tamils and adopt a new approach to settle it.
In a joint statement, released at a press conference by Mr P. Nedumaran, president of sthe Tamil Nadu Kamaraj Congress, they also wanted the Government to think of economic measures against Sri Lanka, if the negotiations did not lead to a political settlement.
The situation deteriorated because of the "vacillating policy' pursued by the Government and it should take up this issue not as a mediator but as one directly connected with the interests of Sri Lanka Tamils. "It is a great mistake to consider the problem internal, affecting Tamils only”. Mr V. Gopalaswamy, DMK member of the Rajya Sabha, who played an active role getting
the joint statement, desc breakthrough in the effo, in favour of the Sri Lank signatories in the past to ethnic problem was an i they were persuaded to said.
Mr Nedumaran, who areas in Sri Lanka last O there looked to India for to the continued genocide was that they could no Eelam was formed.
The TNKC leader wan stern warning to the Sri I stop the genocide and ment. If a political set reached, the Indian Gov nise the struggle for Eelar

JUNE 1986
E'S REMARKS D IRRESPONSIBLE
hankar
out to annihilate not a but stamp out every in the island.
lugu Desam) wanted d opinion and bring n Sri Lanka. It would e the Human Rights N itself should be ed how India was still al problem of Lanka race which was being
') criticised the Indian which was one of Basu (FB) said it was ene wanted to have a Tamils, for which he om the Western Pow
Cong-I) said the State anka was of an unprehe Amnesty Internato the horrors perpeting down terrorism. (AIADMK) said that nomic sanctions India ke Lanka act reasonious that Mr Jayawaring a military solution, resorted to military Lanka regarded India
the motion included M), Mr S.P. Malaviya urupadaswamy (Janadaram (CPI) and Mr -I).
of the statement made,
13 May 1986 in the in Parliament:
on led by Mr P.P. of State for Personnel, Pensions, visited Colo May 4, 1986. The lesh Bhandari, Special nika.
xtensive and detailed et Jayawardene, MinisLalith Athrulathrmuda
li, and Minister for Lands and Land Development and Mahaveli Development, Gamini Dissanayake. The delegation also exchanged views with the Foreign Minister of Sri Lanka, A.C.S. Hameed, leaders of all political parties, including Mrs. Bandaranaike, as well as representatives of ethnic minority groups in Sri Lanka.
As a result of these discussions, the delegation returned with some more detailed formulations and the extent to which Sri Lanka Government is willing to meet Tamil political aspirations. While there has been some movement on issues like overall structure for devolution of power and land settlement policy, there are still a number of crucial gaps in formulations on core issues like law and order and on the nature of the relationship between present northern and eastern provinces which are issues to which Tamils attach great importance.
The Government are evaluating formulations received from Sri Lanka Government. The Sri Lanka Government has also been requested to communicate their views on certain alternative formulations. In our view what can be put to the Tamil side is only a package of proposals which are evaluated as constituting a fair and reasonable basis for negotiated settlement. Since the process is continuing, it would be premature to draw any firm conclusions.
It is our clear position that unless the Government of Sri Lanka takes decisive steps to accommodate Tamil aspirations, the political process which has been restarted after a gap of time may suffer a setback. The Government are of the firm view that process towards political solution must be carried forward urgently and that there can be no military solution to the long-pending ethnic problem of Sri Lanka. The Government are keen to ensure that a solution is arrived at within a compressed timeframe so that the agony and sufferings of the people of Sri Lanka and particularly of Tamils in north
ern and eastern provinces are brought to a
quick end. The Government condemns continuing violence in Sri Lanka which is vitiating the atmosphere for working towards a peaceful solution. Return of normalcy to Sri Lanka is not only essential for further well-being of that country but also for stability and peace in the region'.
I V
R
S fail
ribed it as a significant rts tomobilise opinion za Tamils. Some of the bok the stand that the internal affair but now change their stand, he
had toured the Tamil 'ctober, said the people help in putting an end 2. The unanimous view t live in peace unless
ted the Centre to give a ankan Government to seek a political settletlement could not be ernment should recog
TAMIL REFUGEES RECEIVE ASSURANCE
THE INDIAN GOVERNMENT has ruled
out sending the Sri Lankan Tamil refugees
back till proper conditions were created which would ensure their return to the island in safety and dignity, Parliament was told.
In a written reply to a member of Lok Sabha, External Affairs Minister B.R. Bhagat, however, said that the government would not prevent any voluntary return of the refugees to their homes. “We would welcome it, he said.
The best the Government could do to help the return of these refugees to Sri Lanka was to assist in the search for a political solution to the ethnic problem in that country, the Minister said.
“Only when this problem is resolved and suitable conditions are created in Sri Lanka can there be progress in regard to the return of
the refugees', he said.

Page 5
JUNE 1986
ALL-PARTY SUPPORT FOR
THE "Save Ceylon Tamils' conference, being held under auspices of the Tamil Eelam Supporters Organisation, be here today. Mr M. Karunanidhi, DMK president, in his welco address, said the conference was being held to arrive consensus on the basis of which “we could mobilise pu opinion across the length and breadth of the country'.
Mr Karunanidhi said there was a growing feeling that the of India was not paying enough attention to the Sri Lanka Ta because it concerned only the Tamils. His hope was that participation of these leaders would strengthen "our bond national integration'.
The Government of India, he said, had failed to raise the is in international forums. Last year when Argentina wantec raise it in the Human Rights Commission in Geneva, I prevented it saying it was engaged in negotiations. India did r it this year in Geneva. But it was done half-heartedly anc canvassing or lobbying was done. So it did not produce desired effect. Since July 1983, the Sri Lankan army, p military forces and police had been killing innocent Tamils. Sri Lanka President, Mr J. R. Jayawardene, had declarec February last that he would seek a military solution. demonstrate that he meant business, he had ordered ac bombing of Tamil areas. . .
The DMK chief alleged that the Government of India walked into "Mr Jayawardene's trap' of conducting peace t which had given him enough time to bring in foreign eleme Today, the Sri Lankan soldiers were being sent regularly Pakistan for training. The Sri Lanka-Pakistan nexus was activ Colombo's alibi: India’s “self-imposed restraint and va good neighbourliness' had received the appreciation of out ers but had not achieved anything. An Indian delegation had returned from Colombo, but any level of talks would produce results, unless the other party was equally serious honest. Mr Jayawardene, being the man he was, would be happiest to receive Indian delegations in Colombo to hoodw the West of his earnestness for talks. "Every year before international Aid Consortium meeting. Sri Lanka wants an that it is seriously considering a political solution to the et problem. India has produced the alibi for this year and Jayawardene would be thankful to Mr Rajiv Gandhi for favour', Mr Karunanidhi said.
Solidarity for Tamils: Briefing newsmen after the closed c meeting of the political parties, Mr Karunanidhi said conference pledged solidarity with the Sri Lanka Tamils expressed its deep national concern over the continuing in sification of the crisis in the island.
Unity of Tamils urged: He said seven groups of Sri La Tamils - TULF, LTTE, TELO, EROS, ERRLF, PL PROTEG-participated in the conference. A request was m that all the Tamil groups should get united and work in harm Mr. Rama Rao, and Mr Vajpayee had also advised the T groups to join hands. The Tamil organisation had promised they would abide by the request and assured the leaders would work in unity to achieve their common objective. It proposed to constitute a national committee in Delhi coordinate the work. All the political parties were requeste name one representative to the panel.
“Centre's failure': The conference called upon the Gov
INDIA SHOULD TAKE A CL From Our Staff Reporter MADURAI, May 4 SA
THE Sri Lankan Tamils are undergoing untold
hardship under an oppressive Government and the Government of India should make up its mind once and for all. New Delhi should take a definite, firm and inflexible stand to drive sense into Colombo. "It is high time we define our position and offer a clear cut solution before it is too late, Mr N.T. Rama Rao, Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister, said.
Inaugurating the Save Ceylon Tamils' con
ference, organised by the Tamil Eelam Sup
porters” Organisa moral conscienc munity should b genocidal tragedy The Sri Lank made to stand bi opinion.
Mr Rama Rac the Non-Align approached to er

TAMILIMES5
SRI LANKA TAMILS MADURAI, May 4
the ment of India to raise the issue with vigour in international gan forums such as the UN, NAM and CHOGM for prompt me remedial action. The Centre's policy so far towards Sri Lanka it a and the Tamil question had failed to produce tangible results blic because it was "superficial, vacillating and incoherent'. The mere fact that more and more people were being killed in Sri rest Lanka after India expressed its concern bore testimony to this, mils the conference charged. The conference said that in spite of the the Thimpu talks and the ceasefire, the solution seemed to be as of elusive as in the beginning. Sri Lanka was acquiring arms from all over the world and moving towards a total military solution. sue The policy of trusting the Sri Lankan Government to achieve a to negotiated settlement had, thus, proved to be sterile. Making dia use of the time gained by the “pretence of talks”, Colombo had aise brought into the picture dangerous external elements unfriendly no to India, adding a new dimension to the geopolitics of this the region. The conference called upon all aid giving governments ara- and international agencies not to give help to Sri Lanka which The could be used to perpetrate the genocide of Tamils. It urged the i in Government of India to give up, what it alleged, the present To casual attitude to the issue, and take up this matter not as a 'rial mediator but as a nation intimately and deeply connected with the fate of Sri Lanka Tamils. Also, it should reevaluate its policy had and adopt realistic approaches to save the Tamils there. alks National issue: Mr P. Nedumaran, president, Tamil Nadu nts. Kamaraj Congress and reception committee chairman, in his to address of welcome said the Sri Lanka Tamils issue cannot be
C. deemed as a problem confronting the Tamils alone. It was a gue national problem, and above all, it was a human problem. sid- Mr Abdul Rasheed Kabuli of the National Conference
just (Farooq), pledging his party's support to the struggle of the not Tamils in Sri Lanka, said it was not a problem of Tamil Nadu and alone, but of the whole country. the Mr Balwant Singh Ramoowalia (Akali Dal) also extended his vink party's support to the Sri Lanka Tamils.
the The BJP president, Mr A.B. Vajpayee, said India was directly alibi affected by the issue. “The island Tamils are our kith and kin. hnic. We want justice for the suppressed people of Sri Lanka'. If the Mr genocide continued, the peace and security of the entire region this would be destroyed.
Mr Vajpayee also criticised the Doordarshan for not covering loor the conference. "Doordarshan is the privilege of the Prime
the Minister,' he added. and The Hindustan Front leader, Dr. Subramaniam Swamy, and ten- Mr B. Rachaiah, Karnataka Home Minister also spoke.
The Lok Dal leader, Mr H.N. Bahuguna, criticised the Sri nka Lankan President for not honouring his promises. OT, Mr P. Upendra, Telugu Desam leader, regretted that the pacts ade that had been entered into between India and Sri Lanka had not ony. been implemented by Sri Lanka. amil Mr P. Unnikrishnan, Congress (S) MP, said a "civil war' that between Sinhalese and Tamils was on. The Sri Lankan President hey wanted to send the Tamils out of the island. WS Mr. K. Veeramani (DK) felt no purpose was being served by to holding talks or by sending teams to Sri Lanka. He wanted the d to Centre to take some effective steps.
Mr Abdul Samad (IUML) regretted that despite talks 2rn- between India and Sri Lanka, no solution had been found.
EAR STAND ON TAMILS' ISSUE
of Sinhalas and Tamils in the island nation.
YS NITR The hand of the Sri Lankan Government which was bent on "diabolical designs to
tion. Mr. Rama Rao said the annihilate the Tamils should be stayed.
of the international com- "As an Indian and as a representative of six e roused to the full tọ, the crores of Telugus, full of fraternal feelings, I of Sri Lankan Tamils. am deeply and painfully conscious of the an Government should be miserable and pitiable plight of my Tamilian
fore the bar of international brethren in Sri Lanka”, Mr Rama Rao said S S SSS S and pledged as the leader of the Telugu said the Commonwealth and Desam, the party's total and unequivocal d Movement should be support to Delhi to solve this 'hydra-headed sure the peaceful coexistence problem.

Page 6
6 TAMILTIMES
TAMIL EMPLOYEE
GOVERNMENT
PUBLIC service employees belonging to the Tamil community working in many government departments and state corporations have been compulsorily sent away from their offices on the orders of the government. This action is explained away by the government as a “security measure' and followed the recent explosions aboard the Air Lanka Tristar and at the Central Telegraphic Office in the Sri Lankan capital city of Colombo.
The government's move has been denounced as an act of victimisation of the entire Tamil community. w
Calling upon the government to rescind its decision, the Council for Hindu Organisations in Sri Lanka stated: "In our opinion the decision of the Government to send Tamils on Special (Compulsory) leave hurts the feelings of the Tamils, widens misunderstanding between the two major communities, violates our Constitution and the United Nations provisions on Human Rights and jeopardizes the efforts to resolve politically the ethnic problem', states the President of the Council of Hindu Organizations, Yogendra Duraiswamy. -
"No-Confidence in Tamils
A Press release by the President further States:
“The Council of Hindu Organizations is gravely concerned at the decision of the Government to send on Special (Compulsory) leave Tamils working in certain government institutions. According to the newspapers the government institutions which have sent away the Tamil employees are the Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation, the Rupavahini, Air Lanka and the Department of Telecommunications. . No formal announcement was made by the government on such an important matter. The people of this country have the right to know the reasons for this unfortunate decision, far-reaching in its implications and damaging to the longterm interest of Sri Lanka. It is regrettable that this decision tantamounts to a declaration of no-confidence in the Tamils working in the various government institutions.
It is also reported that this decision was made for security reasons and is a sequel to the bomb explosions in the Air Lanka Tristar aircraft and in the Central Telegraph Office.
'Innocent Tamils Penalised
No legal judgement has been made as to who was responsible for these deplorable acts, and according to our Constitution “Every person shall be presumed innocent until he is proved guilty'. Conceding for purposes of argument that a Tamil individual or a group was responsible, why
should the innocen working in other gov be penalised? Mor government leaders have repeated that t "Tamil Marxist terrol the majority of the problem is not an eth
Where will this explosion and other tions may follow suit may take the hint and result would be the from government an institutions, the wide and the polarization Tamils resident in ( areas in the South wo trek back to their “tra and de facto separatic much against the wish a united Sri Lanka. T will then not arise
Terrorism is not un is prevalent in many The actions taken by in such situations are Though Sikh terroris innocents and havi Airlines planes, yet Si offices at all levels in t governments of Ind bestowed on them by ment was so great tha directly in charge of to rid the Golden terrorists. Similarly, lican Army (IRA) installations, Irish Ca on compulsory leav London.
Unconstitutional
The decision of the its own Constitutic Chapter 3 paragraph alia, that no person si degrading treatment. all persons are consi the law and are protection of the Law (2) it stated that in discriminated against grounds of race. It is the Directive Princip and Fundamental Du shall strengthen natio ing co-operation and among all sections o Lanka, including raci tic and other groups send Tamil employee pulsory) leave becaus does not strengthen does it promote mutua all sections of the peo)
The decision also Nations instruments Article 23 of the Univ.

JUNE 1986
s BANNED FROM DEPARTMENTS
Tamil employees ornment institutions ; so, when senior on many occasions heir fight is against
ists' and not against
Tamils and that the
nic one. lead to? Another government institu
Private institutions
act accordingly. The removal of Tamils
i non-governmental
ning of the cleavage of the communities. Dolombo and other uld be constrained to ditional homelands' on would take place, es of those who want he need for security
ique to Sri Lanka. It parts of the world. other governments worth considering. ts have killed many e hijacked Indian khs continue to hold he Central and State ia. The confidence 7 the Indian governta Sikh General was Operation Blue Star
Temple of Sikh lespite Irish Repubattacks on British atholics are not sent fe from offices in
government violates on. According to 11 it is stated, inter hall be subjected to In paragraph 12 (1) dered equal before entitled to equal and in paragraph 12 o citizen shall be , inter alia, on the also clearly stated in les of State Policy ties that “the State halunity by promotmutual confidence f the people of Sri al religious, linguis.' The decision to s on Special (Come they were Tamils national unity nor alconfidence among ple. violates the United on Human Rights. ersal Declaration of
Human Rights states, inter alia, that every one has the right “to just and favourable conditions of work'. The International Labour Organisation Convention con
cerning Discrimination in respect of
Employment and Occupation defines discrimination as including any distinction, exclusion or preference made on the basis, inter alia, of race, which has the effect of nullifying or impairing equality of
opportunity or treatment in employment
or occupation.
In our opinion the decision of the government to send Tamils on Special
(Compulsory) leave hurts the feelings of
the Tamils, widens misunderstanding between the two major communities, violates our Constitution and the United Nations provisions on Human Rights and jeopardizes the efforts to resolve politically the ethnic problem. We, therefore,
appeal to the government to rescind this unfair decision.'
All Tamil Customs officers asked to do desk jobs
All Tamil customs officers below the rank of Deputy Collectors manning the baggage sector passenger terminals and air cargo section of the Katunayake Airport and the Bloemendhal Road Tricot Warehouse have been transferred to desk jobs for security reasons.
According to custom sources around 30 such officers have been transferred, and are now working in non-sensitive areas of the Customs Departments.
Most of them, according to this source, have been asked to do paper work and desk jobs.
The transfers are expected to be effective until such time as the security situation returns to normal.
The Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation and Rupa vahini last week sent over 160 Tamil officers employed by them on special leave also for security reasons.
TULF wants leave Order
Withdrawn
The TULF yesterday appealed to the government to immediately “rescind its punitive order” in sending “Rupa vahini, SLBC, Telecommunication Department and Air Lanka employees on compulsory leave.'
The following is the full statement issued by the TULF's Colombo office:
The decision of the Rupa vahini Corporation, SLBC, Telecommunication Department and Air Lanka to place its Tamil employees on compulsory leave is an illegal and unconstitutional act.
The Government should immediately rescind this punitive order if it does not seek to embarrass and punish employees who have committed no offence whatsoever.
To discriminate between employees on racial grounds serves only to heighten ethnic animosity and hostilities in the work place and in the country at large.'

Page 7
JUNE 1986
sta-sassassissCrasa . . spe-ass
NO GAS IN NORTH: 20,000 AFFECTED
The disruption of the supply of LP gas to the North one and a months ago has badly affected over 20,000 consumers in the Penin and compelled eight authorised dealers of gas in Jaffna to put shutters. −
Gas supplies to the North were halted in March following an explo at the Gas and Water Company's Mabima plant, which killed employee.
Police alleged that that bomb which caused the explosion had t concealed inside an empty gas cylinder which had been sent from North.
The General Manager of the Colombo Gas and Water Company, R. R. Nalliah, yesterday pointed out that the supply of gas to Nort Peninsula could not be resumed until adequate security measures v introduced to the Mabima plant to scan consignments of empty cylin coming from the North.
"Security has been intensified and every empty cylinder irrespectiv from where they come are thoroughly checked. But we are still prepared to receive consignments from Jaffna dealers', she said.
Asked how much longer the company would take to resume sup to consumers on the North, Mrs Nalliah replied: “We are trying our to resume supplies in another two weeks or so'.
COPTER CRASHES; SEWENI HURT
A security force helicopter at the Elephant Pass camp crashed to
ground on 22 May morning after rising a few feet on take-off, inju
seven persons, including its crew, according to security sources.
The injuries to the crew were reported not serious, said the source.
Bomb Scare in Surve
Head Office
The Survey Department Headquarters in Narahenpita closed office foi day an hour after it opened for business yesterday following a bombs in the Department which made police, Army and Military Police uni cordon off the area and launch a search of the building.
No bomb was found, police said, but employees refused to enter premises through fear of an explosion.
The bomb scare, police said, took place after the Narahenpita P. and the Military Police Unit received anonymous telephone calls war, that most of the Tamil employees in the Department were on leave to and a bomb had been planted in the building.
Police sources said that hundreds of employees who were watching f a safe distance, however, refused to enter the building even after p declared it safe.
"Stop The Slaughter"
The mounting number of tragic deaths in the battles in Jaffna and in wanton attack on a vehicle carrying refugees in Dehiwatte, Serunuv further point to the urgent need for a peaceful and political solutio the worsening conflict, states a Joint Press release issued by the LS CP and the SLMP. -
- The Release adds: "The deaths of combatants on all sides are t deplored; but specially tragic is the slaughter of innocent non-comba Tamils and Sinhalese. -
"Meanwhile, the country is heading for economic and political ruin. "As we have pointed out before this is a war in which all are losers through which the country will be destroyed.
"This slaughter must stop. We call upon the fighters and Government to end this intolerable situation. Let them recognise the that there is an ethnic problem to be solved. Let them recognise tha. solution must be reached on the basis of ensuring the integrity of the na and the unity of the country. -
"Let the will of all who are revolted by the killings, the destruction the unbearable tensions generated by the conflict prevail. Let that prevail in order to bring about a peaceful political solution that will en all communities to live together in peace.' ...

TAM TIMES 7
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BAR ASSOCIATION ON RIGHTS OF DETAINEES
The sub-committee of the Bar Association of Sri Lanka recently met to
discuss the right of suspects in Police custody to obtain the services of lawyers.
The sub-committee unanimously agreed that the Police must, when a person is taken into custody, inform a friend, relative or an AttorneyAt-Law of the arrest, and also permit an Attorney-At-Law to watch the interests of the person arrested.
The Committee has also suggested that the Criminal Procedure Code be suitably amended to empower a Judge of the High Court to immediately inquire into any complaint regarding the detention of a suspect.
The Committee further recommends that if a person has made more than one statement to Police the 'B' report filed by Police should contain reference to that.
It has therefore suggested that Section 115(1) of the Code of Criminal Procedure and Section 65 of the Police Ordinance be amended accordingly.
The Committee also took the view that a Habeas Corpus application did not serve expeditiously to obtaining relief where Police have exceeded the twenty-four hour rule of detention of a person without a charge.
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r the
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CTO SUSPECTED RELEASED
L.L. Reginald Perera who had been remanded to Police custody in connection with the bomb explosion at the Central Telegraphic Office on
7 May, was discharged on 16 May by Fort Magistrate, Mr Quintus Perera due to lack of evidence that would suggest his involvement.
Court was informed by Police Sergeant Wickremarachchi of the Fort Police that there was no evidence against the suspect in connection with the bomb blast.
The bearded suspect, from Kalutara North, had been taken into custody when he was spotted taking to his heels soon after the explosion.
Reginald Perera's defence was that he had fled in fear.
LTTE EXPLAINS . . .
The following is the full text of a press statement dated 30.4.86 issued by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam in regard to its clash with the Tamil Eelam Liberation Organisation.
"It is with great sense of sorrow that we wish to inform that there has been a major clash between the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) and the Tamil Eelam Liberation Organisation (TELO) in Jaffna. Armed confrontation broke out following the kidnapping of two leading members of the LTTE and the murder of one of our senior commanders, Capt. Lingam, by the TELO. The LTTE guerrilla formation were compelled to take punitive action by raiding TELO bases in Jaffna peninsula to rescue the kidnapped members and in that process several TELO guerrillas have been killed and arms and ammunition captured.
The quarrel started when the armed TELO members attacked the public in Jaffna for observing hartal in memory of an LTTE field commander, Major Aruna, who was killed in a sea battle with the Sri Lankan navy on Friday. The TELO members, irritated by the overwhelming support given by the people of Jaffna to the LTTE, attacked the civilians blaming them for not commemorating their dead fighters. When two senior members of the LTTE intervened to protect the public, they were manhandled and abducted. Thereafter one of the senior commanders of the LTTE approached TELO leaders to seek the release of the kidnapped members. The TELO responded by shooting the LTTE commander dead.
This unprovoked murder and abduction forced the Tigers to take armed action to secure the release of our Senior members. LTTE guerrillas raided several TELO bases and in the clashes several TELO guerrillas were killed and a large number surrendered with their weapons. One of our fighters was killed.
The LTTE is deeply grieved over the unfortunate incident precipitated by the irresponsible and undisciplined conduct of the TELO.'
Editor's Note: The LTTE (UK Branch) has made representations that, in the light of the Tamil Times publishing the statement of the Eelam National Liberation Front on the LTTE-TELO clash in its May 1986 issue, their explanation also should be given publicity.

Page 8
8TAMILTIMES
SASAeASAHeAqk EAeqSqSqLSLeAAAS eukeSTLSLSLkLLq qqSqLqLqLkLeMeLEE
"COLONISATIONOF SINHALESE SHOULDB
The text of a pamphlet issued by the Movement for inter-racial Justice and Equality (MIRJE):
The settlement of peasants, on dry zone lands brought under irrigation, has been one of the key elements in policies for agricultural development followed by successive Governments in Sri Lanka since the 1930s. The State has undertaken the construction of the irrigation works, the clearing of land, the selection of allottees to occupy the land and the construction of basic housing and other amenities. Up to about 1981, 488,000 peasant families have been settled in over a million acres. More families have been settled since then in the areas brought under irrigation by the Mahaweli project. t
Safety Valve :-
State-aided land settlement on this scale was essentially a strategy of the extension and preservation of peasant production. Its motivation was the politically conceived need of the ruling elite to placate an impoverished peasantry who were suffering from a scarcity of arable land and the lack of employment opportunities in other sectors; it was thus firmly rooted in the context of electoral politics based on universal franchise. It also had the advantage of preserving traditional agrarian relationships in other parts of the country by relieving peasant pressure.
This process acquired ethnic overtones with the expansion of such colonisation schemes into areas that had been traditionally occupied by Tamil people since the greater number of selected allottees were Sinhala. The practice was defended on the ground that (1) the expenditure came from the National budget & benefits should therefore be shared among all citizens and (2) there were not enough Tamil peasants to take up all the available lands.
The implications of such settlements for ethnic relations in the country were recognised by the political leaders of the Sinhala and Tamil people. The demography of the predominantly Tamil areas, particularly in the Batticaloa, Trincomalee, Vavuniya, and Mullaitivu Districts was being slowly changed putting into jeopardy the ability of the Tamil people to reproduce themselves as an ethnic group with a linguistic and cultural : identity of their own.
This was one of the main grievances expressed at the convention of the Federal Party in 1956: it called for "the immediate cessation of the colonisation of the traditional Tamil speaking areas with Sinhalese people". Since then land settlement has been one of the main areas of ethnic tension. -
The importance of this issue was recognised in the BandaranaikeChelvanayakam pact of July 1957 "it was agreed that in the matter of colonisation schemes the powers of the regional council shall include the power to select allottees to whom lands within the area of authority shall be allocated and also power to select personnel to be employed for work on such schemes”. The alienation of lands under the Gal-oya scheme was however left undefined. -
The lack of any agreed procedure for the colonisation of such lands after the collapse of the B-C pact and the continuing settlement of such peasants in these areas made the problem more acute. It is this recognition that underlay the more specific provisions of the aborted SenanayakeChelvanayakam pact of March 1965: "Mr. Senanayake further agreed that in the granting of land under colonisation schemes, the following priorities will be observed in the Northern and Eastern Provinces: (a) first, the landless persons in the District; (b) second, to Tamil speaking persons resident in the Northern and Eastern Provinces; (c) third, to other citizens of Ceylon, preference being given to Tamil residents in the rest of the island.”
This formulation makes it quite clear that the intent was to prevent changes in the demographic composition of the areas inhabited by Tamil speaking people. However the settlement of Sinhala people in these areas continued and it is difficult to avoid the conclusion that it was a policy of political aggrandisement consciously and deliberately adopted by the Sinhala political leaders.
The present proposals of the Government to settle 250,000 Sinhala peasants in the Northern and Eastern areas is a more naked continuation of previous policies and is designed to alter for good the population mix in these areas, to dilute the political power of the Tamil people through a dilution of their electoral bases and to deny them the territorial basis of their separate identity.
The further proposals to give these settlers training in weaponry and to arm them is an indication that they are also being thought of as auxiliaries to the Security Forces in their war against the armed separatists. The move should therefore be seen as one of ethnic confrontation in line with recent statement about the border'. It is only in this context that the Tamil people will perceive the proposal.
Thus it can be concluded that this proposal is an integral part of the

JUNE 1986.
SALAeLeLkLkLTeASkeASASALS BBSMLMLSS LSALSMLeTAqSAAeAiLeeMAzqeSLeTS AeqqLLSAA ADSDD موسم۔...ss-بیج :۔
AMILAREAs witH EDROPPED" - MIRJE
solution to the ethnic problem being now pursued by this Government: the suppression of the armed separatists and of the Tamil people by military force and the subsequent installation of systems of local Government for areas of mixed ethnicity. Recent proposals to take under State protection and care Buddhist places of worship in the Northern and Eastern areas and to redefine some district boundaries should also be seen as part of this strategy. All this amounts to a denial of Tamil ethnicity.
In calling for a political Solution that encompasses a genuine devolution of power to the Tamil people, we have expressed our opposition to a military solution. We now wish to express our total opposition to the proposals for the State-sponsored and State-aided settlement of Sinhala, people in the predominantly Tamil areas. We believe that this will only exacerbate the tensions between the two people and increase the propensity for violent clashes. It willpostpone the day when the two people can live together in a harmonious relationship.
We call upon the Government to drop this proposal and to proceed forthwith to work out with the representatives of the Tamil people a political solution that recognises their territorial, linguistic and cultural identity.
Muslims Protest
The Council of Muslims of Sri Lanka has protested to the Chairman and members of the Land Commission against the commission's recommenlations for a set of uniform “laws of succession' for Muslims throughout he country.
This recommendation was made in the interim report submitted by the Land Commission to President J.R. Jayawardene recently.
The Secretary of the Council of Muslims Mr. A. Aziz stated that the commission in recommending these proposals had stated there was a 'social necessity' today for such laws.
The Council in its protest had stated that the Muslims of Sri Lanka have a personal law of succession which had been in force, with acceptance, amongst all Muslims, Mr. Aziz stated.
Antidote for Hepatitis?
TWO MEDICINAL plants found in South India-Eclipta Alba and Phyllanthus Niruri-have been able to completely inactivate the dreaded Hepatitis-B virus.
The virus can cause chronic liver ailments like Cirrhosis and Hepatoma (liver cancer), according to studies made at the Post Graduate Institute for Basic Medical Sciences (PGIBMS) in Madras.
The plants' roots and shoots were dried and administered orally to volunteers carrying the virus, which was completely inactivated in some cases, the deputy head of the PGIBMS microbiology department, Dr. S. P. Thyagarajan, who conducted the study, told PT1.
The successful use of these plants has attracted world attention and Nobel Laureate, Prof. Baruch Blumberg, Assistant Director of the Chase Cancer Centre, Philadelphia, USA, is monitoring the results obtained by Dr. Thyagarajan.
Dr. Thyagarajan said long-term studies on Swiss albino mice had shown that the medicine prepared from the plants had no side effects. The plants are commonly used in the indigenous system of medicine in combination with some herbs to treat jaundice quite effectively, he added.
Dr. Blumberg has now undertaken the 'DNA Polymerase Enzyme Estimate, the 'ultimate' test for proving the efficacy of the plants' medicinal properties, which could be carried out only in advanced countries, Dr. Thyagarajan said.
Before a virus can become active, an enzyme has to be produced to synthesise its genetic matter. If this activity is noticeably controlled by the medicine prepared from the plants, then it is proof enough of their efficacy, he added.
Dr. Thyagarajan said the Hepatitis-B virus was a silent killer as it remained dormant in many people, causing liver ailments which later get activated. The virus could also be transmitted to healthy persons through blood transfusions and injections without sterilised needles,
The virus should be inactivated in the carrier, particularly as there was danger of the affected person's progeny developing liver cancer, with the dormant virus suddenly manifesting itself.

Page 9
JUNE 1986
CONFERENCE OF OPPRESS
Text of the resolutầs unanimously adopted at a Conferenc organisations of the Coordinating Committee for struggle a Tamil speaking people, held recently in Jaffna:
This Conference vehemently con-. demns the various acts of oppression, economic strangulation and genocide perpetrated by the Government of Sri Lanka on the Tamil speaking people and the following steps taken by it in furtherance of its policy:
(a) The expulsion of the representatives of the Tamil speaking people from the Parliament by adopting the sixth amendment to the constitution, which act itself is the culmination of a policy of oppression of the Tamil speaking people, commencing from the disenfranchisement of the plantation workers in 1948. (b) The continued daily killings of innocent Tamil speaking people, maiming large numbers of them, and the destruction of their property by letting loose the armed forces of the state. (c) The detention of large numbers of the Tamil speaking people in prisons and detention camps under the emergency regulations and Prevention of Terrorism Act. (d) The extension of emergency, month by month and the enactment of repressive regulations like the Thousand Metre Security Zone, Prohibited Sea Zone etc. which endanger the lives, property and occupation of the Tamil speaking people. (e) The colonisation of Tamil speaking areas
on a racial bat those colonist Tamil speakin (f) the Resor ception, doub negotiations in Tamil speakin
COCOMM
Eleven org. northern Sr coordinate t gle against Tamil-speak
They are: Unions, Mc Front, Rural lance Foru Forum, Univ tion, Wome Ceylon Prog tion, Rural Rural Progre They hav Committee t the connnnon
This Confer ment of Sri
Punjab Problem And Tami
Are Different
NEW DELHI, April 7 The Tamil Nedu Chief Minister, Mr. M.G. Ramachandran, today cautioned against clubbing Punjab terrorism and Sri Lankan Tamil militancy in the same category.
Mr Ramachandran utilised the National Integration Council forum for explaining the nature and genesis of the trouble on the island. In Sri Lanka, the Tamil youth fought against the armed forces in the absence of protection of the law or justice. When the entire state machinery was against them and they did not have a political apparatus of their own to voice thier
grievances, the position. The which had an el few misguided activities against But Mr. Ran with an interna these problems. situation had t national and in urging the Prim to take up with t question of in
Rs. 10 cr. for World Tamil
MADURAI, April 15
The Tamil Nadu Government would set apart Rs. 10 crores for the World Tamil Sangam at Madurai, the Chief Minister Mr M.G. Ramachandran, said here on Monday night, inaugurating the Sangam and laying the foundation-stone for its building.
The Chief Minister, who spoke for about ten minutes, said the Government would provide more funds if required. There was no place for politics in the Sangam and he sought people's
By courtesy of "The Hindu"
cooperation for
In a voice cho with the inaug dream of the T: help to develop link among the world. It would of Tamils throug On behalf oft Minister, Mr announced a nui

TAMILTIMES9
CONDEMNS ACTS ON & GENOCDE
e of delegates of constituent gainst the oppression of the
is, the provision of arms to s and the driving away of g people from these areas. to false propaganda, dele dealing and hypocrisy in respect of the rights of the
g people.
ORDINATING IITTEE FORMED
anisations in Jaffna in i Lanka have decided to heir activities in the strug
the oppression of the ing people. Joint Committee of Trade thers' Front, Eelamists'
Employees' Union, Vigim, National Students' ersity Students' Organisa!n's Reawakening Front, ressive Writers' AssociaWorkers' Union and the ssive Women's Front. 9 set up a Coordinating oplan out the strategy for
struggle,
ence demands the GovernLanka to: (a) Settle the
national issue, in a manner acceptable to the Tamil speaking people, by recognising their right to Self Determination, on the basis that the Tamil speaking people are a distinct nationality. (b) Cease forthwith all military operations against the Tamil speaking people and withdraw the entire armed forces of the state from the Tamil speaking areas. (c) Release unconditionally all political prisoners and detainees. (d) End the emergency, which paves the way for the oppressive regulations like the Thousand Metre Zone, the Prohibited Zone for fishing etc. which endanger the lives of the Tamil speaking people and cause destruction to their economic pursuits. (e) Stop statesponsored racial colonisation in the Tamil speaking areas and arming of such colonists. (f) Halt all types of violence against the Tamil speaking people in the Northern, Eastern and Hill-country areas.
This Conference unanimously resolves to declare a "Day of Protest against the acts of oppression and genocide perpetrated against the Tamil speaking people by the Government of Sri Lanka.
This Conference also calls upon the entire Tamil speaking people, in the Tamil speaking areas, to stop all work on that day and assemble at public places between 8.00 a.m. and 4.00 p.m. on that day and express their opposition to the genocidal acts of the Government.
il Militancy
were driven to the extreme
'ase was different in Punjab, ected government and where a elements indulged in terrorist their State and its people.
achandran saw a common link tional background behind all
Any policy to deal with this.
take into account both the
iternational context, he said,
e Minister, Mr. Rajiv Gandhi, he Sri Lankan Government the discriminate violence by the
island's armed forces against Tamils. This was necessary to create a congenial climate in this country, particularly in Tamil Nadu.
Joint move by neighbours: Mr Ramachandran saw a joint move by Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and others to come together to contain the so-called hegemony of India. This had created problems in all border States.
The Tamil Nadu Chief Minister referred to the help secured by Sri Lanka from Pakistan for training its armed forces as also to the employment of Pakistani military personnel in its operations against the Tamil minority. He cited a recent report of a Pakistani pilot being killed in a training flight and Sri Lanka's purchase of arms and ammunition from Pakis
tan, South Africa and Israel.
By courtesy of "The Hindu'
. . . .
Sangham
ts efficient functioning.
ked with emotion, he said that uration of the Sangam, the mils had come true. It would
the language and serve as a
Tamils spread all over the also strive to spread the glory hout the globe. he Chief Minister, the Finance V. R. Nedundchezhian, mber of schemes for providing
more facilities to the citizens of Madurai.
The Tamil Nedu Government had announced schemes costing Rs. 11 crores during the inauguration of the fifth World Tamil Conference here in 1981, he said.
Spelling out the objectives of the World Tamil Sangam, Mr Nedunchezhian said it would establish links with the Tamil Sangams in other States in the country, and spread Tamil language throughout the world by sending books, teachers and through correspondence facility so that the people in other States and abroad could learn the language. The Sangam would also bring out a journal.

Page 10
10 TAMILTIMES
A MILITARY SOLUTI Neither Feasible Nor De
ATA MEETING of citizens of Sri Lanka and India held in Bangalore on April 15 and 16 it was held that the citizens were in complete agreement that a military solution to Sri Lanka's ethnic problem was neither feasible nor desirable and that the problem should be solved politically.
The meeting was held to ascertain through an exchange of views as to how best they could assist in the effort to restore peace in Sri Lanka and move forward to a just and equitable solution of the ethnic problem.
The participants at this meeting were: Mr Godfrey Gunatilake, Director, Marga Institute; Mr Chalres Abeysekera, President, Movement for Inter-Racial Justice and Equality; Mr Olcott Gunasekera, formerly Ceylon Civil Service; Mr A.M.M. Shabdeen, Chairman Leaders' Group of Companies and formerly of the Ceylon Civil Service; Mr Mervyn de Silva, Editor, Lanka Guardian; Mr M.A.M. Hussain, former Member of Sri Lanka Judiciary; Mr P. Devaraj, Director, Congress Labour Foundation, representing Sri Lanka and Dr R. R. Diwakar, Chairman, Gandhi Peace Foundation; Mr C. Subramaniam, former Union Minister and Vice-President, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan; Mr P.S. Kailasam, former Judge, Supreme Court of India; Mr Thomas Abraham, former Indian High Commissioner to Sri Lanka; Mr Rajmohan Gandhi, Resident Editor, Indian Express, Madras; Mr S. Ramakrishnan, Executive Secretary, Bharatiya Vidya
'POLITICIANS have ruined the country
after independence. The aim of political parties was to capture power. The 1983 July ethnic trouble will show that the inciters were safe and poor masses who were like brothers and sisters were victims. The country's economy is affected and no one is worried about the progress of the nation. There should be a solution to the ethnic problem," said Ven. Kurunegala Piyaratane Thera, chief incumbent of the Sri Pada Privena, Nawalapitiya at a seminar held to discuss ways and means to solve the ethnic issue.
Mr S. Balachandiran, President of the Nawalapitiya Hindu Cultural Association, presided over this seminar.
The Thera said in 1956 the entire educational system was changed. Before this, children of all communities studied in one school. There was no communalism. They lived in unity. But later the entire set-up changed. Sinhalese schools preached about Dutugemunu
Bhavan, Bombay an atachalam, Bharatha V resenting Bangalore.
A Press release by States.
“The meeting is in c. that a military solution nor desirable but the solved politically.
The first step to suc be the cessation of vio and the restoration of so as to enable the resu tions. Perpetuation ( should be avoided in innocent citizens and fi “The meeting is una that solutions will have the framework of a ul noted that the Govern had already agreed t Provincial Councils.
“The devolution of vincial Councils to thi possible is vital if satis to be made towards th of this conflict.
“The meeting holds essential for the demo of Sri Lanka to devise enable all sections of participate effectively national life of Sri Lan “The participants a their consultations to of finding solutions to t
POLITICIANS HAVE RUINED SRI
- Buddhist Monk
and his deeds against the 1 way Tamil schools preach his deeds against the Sinh from childhood hate was p of the young. The remedy the educational system.
Children of all comm admitted to one school Tamil and English shoula sory subjects. In the sam kovils should be put up in both communities would relationship.
Politicians would never The Sinhalese and Tamils We should not fight with should get together and p order in the country. If advice of politicians we w because they were not patri
Mr S. Ramanujan, Pri Country Progressive Front

JUNE 1986
ON
sirable
d Mr S.R. VenkVidya Bhavan, rep
the Marga Institute
omplete agreement is neither feasible problem should be
h a solution would lence by both sides mutual confidence umption of negotiapf mutual conflict n the interests of uture generations.
animous in its view to be found within nited Sri Lanka. It ment of Sri Lanka o the creation of
power to the Proe maximum extent factory progress is e peaceful solution
the view that it is ocratic government ways and means to the community to in the political and ka at all levels. greed to continue help in the process these problems.'
LANKA
anils. In the same ed about Elara and alese. Due to this, lanted in the minds for this is to change
tunities should be where Sinhalese, be made compule way temples and one building so that maintain a close
solve the problem.
came from India. h each other, but reserve peace and we listened to the ould be in trouble otic.
asident of the Hill , αlso Spoke.
U.S. Asks Sri
Lanka To End
Army Action
WASHINGTON, May 24
The Reagan Administration last night frowned upon the Government of Sri Lanka for its switch to military action to settle the Sri Lanka Tamil issue and asked it to cease such action inmediately and seek a political solution.
The White House Deputy Press Secretary for Foreign Affairs, Mr. Edward P. Dierejian, was asked about the escalating situation in the island caused by the switch to military action including bombing the Tamill-dominated city of Jaffna allegedly to deal with militants and about the serious repercussions it was having in Tamil Nadu.
'We have advocated and continue to advocate that a political solution and negotiations must be the venue of approach to resolve the problem in Sri Lanka and the Tamil insurgency', he Said.
'We hope the military action that the Government has taken by now has ceased or will cease promptly in order to give political solution and negotiations enhanced prospects. It is a serious situation, and we hope that a political solution can be found promptly.'
The State Department earlier made a similar statement expressing concern over the military action taken by the Colombo authorities when negotiations were already under way with the Government of India for a peaceful solution. 'Negotiations are the only way, the Department's statement asserted. Negotiations must continue to bring an end to the war. Peace will come only through negotiations to Sri Lanka. Peace must be restored for the good of the entire region.
'We do not believe in a purely military solution to the problem. A military solution is not possible because it will not and cannot bring peace to the region.'
Call for all party meeting
THE State Council of the CPI and CPI(M) on 25 May urged the Tamil Nadu Government to convene an all party meeting to discuss th deteriorating situation in Sri Lanka.
They appealed to the Centre to take immediate steps to end the killings of innocent Tamils in Sri Lanka. The genocidal attack on Tamils had caused anxiety and anger among the people of the State who expected the Government of India to initiate steps to end the indiscriminate killings on the island.
In a joint statement, Mr A. Nallasivan (CPI-M) and Mr P. Manickkam (CPI) today strongly condemned the ethnic killings. They said that hundreds of Tamils had been killed and thousands injured in the aerial attacks resorted to by the Sri Lankan armed forces in the last few days. Many houses and hospitals had been destroyed in the attack and the injured were being prevented from getting treatment in hospitals by the island Govern ment, they said.

Page 11
JUNE 1986
Towards Peace and
or Tribalism and Ba
The Committee for Rational Deve
INCE its inception in 1983, the Committee for Rational Development has been advocating the need fora just political solution to our ethnic problem. It was our belief that the longer we delay, the more likely it was for the forces of destruction to express themselves in ways and means which would destroy the very fabric of our society. We recounted in detail how Sri Lanka is ill equipped to handle a “dirty war' and how the process of Lebanonisation will only escalate the violence leading to the creation of a security conscious garrison state where democratic values will be forfeited for repression and intolerance. The Tristar explosion and the bomb placed at the CTO are reminders of the immense cost of this war. As a society we have nurtured the habit of pointing out scapegoats and betes noires and cultivating a sense of injured innocence. And yet, we can never escape from the reality with which we are confronted. No rhetoric can detract from the fact that this undeclared war is taking a tremendous toll on all our lives and is tearing apart the foundations of our society. According to Samakali, a document put out by Women for Peace, this war is costing us Rs. 17 million a day. There are about 150,000 refugees islandwide - not to mention the 200,000 who have left the country - and it is costing the government Rs. 16 million each month just to feed them. The total number of dead and disappeared has yet to be counted. Despite all this we find ourselves in a no win situation.
In our earlier writings, The Committee for Rational Development has been especially critical of the government for stalling a political settlement and for wavering between political negotiations and an imposed military solution. We still continue to believe that it is only the Sri Lankan government, in collaboration with the Indian government which can force through a solution to our conflict. It is only the Sri Lankan government which has the resources at its disposal to create a climate of accommodation which will make such a solution acceptable to the vast majority of people in this country. We accept the political difficulties faced by the government especially in light of the fact that the leading opposition party seems to be more concerned about catering to jingoistic tendencies. But, this does not detract from the fact that a political solution is imperative at this point in our history. It would also be naive to believe that peace will come to Sri Lanka the day after an accord is signed. We have to accept the fact that isolated acts of violence will continue for some time after such an accord. However, we believe that enly a political solution will begin to
reverse the cu and only su marginalise th sigent elemen been termed our ethnic con In our earlic criticised the b security forces as the home campaigns in t did so in the nation states a human rights been negotiat tional levels holocaust of W We felt that Lanka to relea violations of h politically con not only shock lead to resista who are its vici Recent histo confirm our ju ment of the civ and the use of concern for thi S6CrVe tO aCCC grievance anc International tions which pla top ten offe especially with may be dismis nationalistical such a respons realisation tha ally wrong wit tactics used to actually be co help sustain c come. We mu excesses of th nature of the ducted in the country have ci to the radicalis tion and to the present conflic tic feelings, th period of our have been reco annals of the international national respo perhaps a co: Lankan nation The CRD in also commente militant groups violent dissent point, and to historical deba to pursue this

TAMITMES 1.1
Tolerance rbarism?
opment
rent process of destruction :h a solution will help e more extreme and intranEs committed to what has i “Pol Potish” solution to lict. ... er statements, we have also ehaviour of the Sri Lankan and paramilitary units such guards, especially in their he North and the East. We recognition that modern elimited in their actions by norms, norms that have 2d at the highest internaespecially after the Nazi 'orld War II.
it was unnecessary for Sri in the lessons of history that uman rights especially in a scious modern world, do the conscience but will only nce and rebellion by those ims. ry in Sri Lanka will serve to dgement. Aerial bombardilians of one's own country mercenaries who have no. sland or its people will only ntuate the deep sense of | alienation. Reports of Human Rights Organisace Sri Lanka as one of the inders of human rights regard to disappearances sed as untrue by the more mong us. But we feel that e is only to escape from the t something is fundamenth our society and that the destroy a movement can unterproductive and may onflict for many years to st accept the fact that the e security forces and the security operations conNorth and East of this ontributed to a great extent ation of the Tamil popularapid brutalisation of the t. Whatever our nationalisis is a dark and shameful history and the excesses rded for all posterity in the United Nations and other organisations. To accept nsibility for these acts is ming of age for the Sri state. its previous statements has d on certain actions of the ... The question of whether sever justified and at what what extent, is an age old ce and CRD does not wish inquiry at this present
The CRD, a group of concerned Sri Lankan academics and intellectuals, has issued statements, from time to time, on the ethnic conflict. Its recent publication on the issue was entitled 'Myths, Realities and Perspectives'.
juncture. However, we are all united in condemning blatant acts of terrorism where civilians are the only targets of attack. Any group which engages in such activity loses legitimacy especially when it puts itself forward as representing the sovereign will of a civilised people. The CRD has always stood for the position that the Tamils of Sri Lanka have a just cause and that substantial devolution of power in the form of regional autonomy is the only solution which will satisfy their aspirations. We have condemned the excesses of the security forces and the determination of the government to pursue a military solution to what is essentially a political problem involving one large section of our population. We have stood for these positions even in the most hostile of climates and despite the hysteria of racialism which has often conditioned political debate in the South. However, we are convinced that attacks such as the one against civilians in Anuradhapura, or against the Air Lanka Tristar or against the personnel at the CTO are inexcusable and debase any political cause which is fighting for social justice. Such acts only send us further down the road of tribalism and barbarism. As a society we have been forced to accept an unprecedented proportion of brutality and violence and no community is innocent of this bloodletting. And yet, though one must insist that the government carries the major responsibility for instituting and implementing the processes of peace, we are also of the belief that the time has come for all sections of our society to begin to work for the values of humanity, peace and tolerance without which no society can survive.
India gifts books on Islam to Grand Mosque library
A press release of the Colombo Grand Mosque states: The Board of Trustees of the Colombo Grand Mosque has decided to establish a library in the Grand Mosque premises exclusively on religious matters. This library will only be for reference purposes. On an appeal made to several embassies in Sri Lanka and the general public, the High Commissioner for India, J. N. Dixit, made a donation of a set of books on Islam and Islamic studies to the President of the Grand Mosque Alhaj, M. H. H. Dahlan, on Friday at the High Commission Office.
Trustee Alhaji M. L. M. Fauz and Admin
istrative Secretary Mr U. L. M. Sahabdeen were also present. ډ '

Page 12
12 TAM TIMES
MARCH 13
O Eye witness accounts in Jaffna newspapers talk of pathetic scenes in the largely peasant-populated area of Myliddy South in Jaffna peninsula, consequent to two indiscriminate helicopter attacks on the area. A dumb person, Velautham, was seen carrying on his shoulders his three-yearold male child Vijayakumar who was among three who were killed instantly. The child's brains had been blown out and the father was seen soaked with blood. In another incident, a 16-year-old girl, Rathinam Sumathy, who was working in an onion plantation, was killed and her body brought to their home. While her family members, including her younger brother Rathinam Sathiswaran and her elder sister Rathinam Shanthi (18), were mourning beside their sister's body, another direct hit on the home killed 5-year-old Sathiswaran, Yeaving the paralysed eder sister alive but with two of her fingers blown off. Among the several injured were three women - Rasathy Manickam (40), Yogamalar Selvarasah (36), a widow with four children who was looking after her children by undertaking menial jobs, and Kundumany Velautham (53), an aunt of the dead boy Vijayakumar, Several houses were also damaged in the attacks. O A small platoon of about 25 blackuniformed and green-uniformed soldiers emerged out of the Dutch Fort army camp in Jaffna City, around 9 a.m., advanced for about a furlong, but withdrew to the Fort thereafter. O Three more armed forces camps are to be set up in the eastern Batticaloa district. They are likely to be located at Ayithiyamallai, Vavunathiwlu and Sippimadau.
MARCH 14.
O Two naval ratings, H.A.A. Jayatileke and W.P. Gunasena, were killed and two others injured at 'Kottiya' culvert near Trincomalee when a landmine exploded under the truck in which they were travelling, lifting the vehicle nearly fifty feet off the ground and blowing it to pieces. O A large funeral procession in Jaffna, for schoolgirls Thaneswary and Udayapatham, killed in a factional clash at Muththiraichanthai, Nallur on the 12th Slogans calling upon militant movements not to kill members of the public and not to interfere with newspaper freedom were displayed. Meanwhile, Vadamarachchy area observed 'hartal' for the third day, in protest against the killings at the Jaffna hospital and at Nallur.
O A young farmer from Paranthan, Vellaichamy Thinakaranathan (23), who was on his way to Paranthan junction to buy spares for his tractor, was shot dead by soldiers in an army convoy, O An army detachment consisting of nearly 100 soldiers going from Kaddaiparichchan to Koonithivu in Mutur was attacked by LTTE guerrillas. Details of any casualties not known. O About 2,000 residents in Valvettiturai area fled from their homes and took shelter in schools, following repeated shelling from the army camp and from the sea.
DARY OF NCD
O in Colombo, D.I.G. F Personnel and Training personnel who refuse to sory 6 months stint in
be served with "vacatio
O Confrontation betw. and Tamil militants rei north of Trincomalee. A statement claims 4 sold a quantity of arms seize
MARC
O The hundred-yard Ic Thondamannaru is blast las. This bridge provi from Thondamannaru vettiturai army camp 1 Point Pedro army camp O At least three people were injured when a Devi' from Colombo v exploded culvert at Pal passengers admitted to that they saw army m railway guard at the station where the train mediately before the They also saw some y making urgent signals t in response to which 1 slowed speed; as a rest and the first three co affected.
O An EPRLF statement newspaper said that si killed by their militants which they were travel tween Karainagarnaval tai. The church at Kayts in the afternoon when t jected to shelling from base.
O Several killings report of the north. At Waddak chi district, men belong forces in civils travelin fronted about 10 other tractor. Government tro killing four and woundi Colombo, the National referring to the incident, ists" in a tractor were kili It is not clear whether Tamil militants or farm incident near the seco nochchi the same tract forces had opened fire men and women workin one and injuring several O At Valvettiturai a gr soldiers who were seen tions about 500 yards frc were set upon by LTTE g them believed killed.
In another incident, soldiers from the Thon camp came out in the ( army camp along the be road, one elderly reside killed in indiscriminate 1 houses damaged.
O At Myliddy north, blad
 
 
 
 
 
 

JUNE 1986
MNTS
olice, in charge of warns that police serve the compulnorth and east will of post' notices. een armed forces ported from Triyai, A subsequent LTTE ers were killed and i.
ng road bridge at ed by LTTE guerrilded direct access army camp to Val/2 miles away and 7 miles away.
died and about 30 Jaffna-bound "Yal was derailed at an anthan. 16 injured Jaffna hospital say men talking to the Cilinochchi railway | had stopped imincident occurred. "ouths in the area o the engine driver he train suddenly ult only the engine impartments were
: carried in Jaffna x navy men were S and the boat in ling destroyed bebase and Kadakotwas damaged later he town was sub
Karainagar naval
ed in various parts achchi in Kilinochjing to the armed ig by tractor conpersons also in a pops opened fire, ng two others. In Security Ministry, claimed "7 terrorled in a shoot-out. the victims were hers. In a related hd culvert at Killior load or armed on a group of 20 g in a farm, killing others. oup of about 35 in ambush posiom the army camp Juerillas and six of
where about 200 damannaru army direction of Palaly ach and the beach 1t of the area was Firing, and several
:k uniformed Com
BY KIND COURTESY OF TAMIL INFORMATION & RESEARCH UNIT, . MADRAS, SOUTH INDIA. i
mandos and armed forces in civils surrounded the area and set fire to several houses, making people flee through Tellippalai to other areas like Mallakam, Chunnakam, Uduvil, Erlalai, Arali and Kordavi, seeking refuge in the homes of their relatives. About 53 families who were earlier given notice to vacate in 48 hours could not meet the military commander, although arrangements were made.
O In Vavuniya, two persons, Kovinthan Selvan (27), and a boy, S. Logeswaran (14), were killed by soldiers from the Vavuniya army camp.
MARCH 17
O Thousands of Tamils who had pawned items of jewellery, with the governmentowned Peoples Bank in Jaffna, began agitation outside the bank branches, demanding the return of their jewellery, The bank
has been refusing to part with the jewellery even after monies for the redeeming of the jewellery had been paid.
O At Kilinochchi, rotting human corpses Cause a stench in the absence of qualified doctors at the Kilinochchi hospital. The last qualified doctor went on transfer in January and had not been replaced. Out of the 11 bodies awaliting post mortem, nine were victims of gun shots.
O A 15-year-old youth, Kathirkamanathan Balamurali, employed in a glass factory in Navatkuli, who was returning after work, was shot dead from the army camp.
O Five Muslim Tamils were shot dead at Mallikaithivu junction in Mutur by armed forces in civils. When the acting Mutur magistrate went to the spot to hold an inquiry he was told that the men had come back and set fire to the bodies. In another incident, two 'Home Guards' at Kinniya were shot dead by LTTE guerrillas. A third "Home Guard' was injured and admitted to Anuradhapura hospital.
O An exodus of people from Kayts, Karainagar and Paruthiaddaippu has been reported, following continuous shelling from the sea. It is learnt that earlier a naval boat attached to the Kayts naval base had been damaged by a sea mine, but no details known about the incident. O The army camp at Santhiveli Batticaloa is to be expanded by taking over another private rice mill. O in Vavuniya, the military authorities decide that no further refugee camps would be opened for Tamil refugees in the district.
MARCH 18
O Armed forces in large numbers terrorise the villagers of Manalchenai and Peruveli in Mutur district. Several houses looted, several set on fire and some shops and houses completely destroyed. The villagers flee for safety and many of them take refuge in the ruthayapuram church premises.
O At the 4th mile post in Murasumoddai in Kilinochchi district, a confrontation between Tamil militants and armed

Page 13
JUNE 1986
forces reported. Details of casualties not known. Following this, men in civils opened fire at farmers in a paddy field killing four and wounding several others. K. Sundaralingham (28) of Kokuvil West, Who had gone to Kallmunai with a consignment of cigars, was shot dead by police commandos. Another person who went with him, also from Kokuvi, Shanmugarajah (30), escaped with injuries. O Two ships arrived on the north coast and remained stationed in the Sea between two army camps. One ship is believed to be foreign-owned. Several gun boats were seen surrounding the ships. Huge crates were seen being unloaded from the ship under heavy security and taken to Karainagar naval base. Planes and helicopters were also seen providing aerial cover. O At Navatkuli, about 25 soldiers who attempted to advance from the army camp through paddy fields, retreated to the camp soon after, when they were attacked by Tamil militants with hand grenades and hand bombs.
O A retired Sinhala teacher, Ratnayake Mudiyansallage, from Gokkerella in Kurunegala, who was found a month ago in Jaffna, and was detained by some Tamil youths, was released.
O In Colombo, two people were killed and three injured when an oxygen cylinder exploded at Oxygen Limited, Modera. The incident occurred when a cylinder was being refilled, police said. One of the three injured is in hospital in a critical condition. Police said they suspect that the cylinder which exploded was brought down from Jaffna. A Tamil driver and cleaner who unloaded the cylinder at the yard were taken into custody for questioning.
MARCH 19
O A mass protest by fisherman, their families and sympathisers in Jaffna demanding the revocation of the ban on fishing. An estimated 10 thousand persons including women, children and elderly persons from Gurunagar, Pasaiyur, Navanthurai, Colombuthurai, and from Vadamarachcha areas like Valvettiturai, Point Pedro, Thalaiaddy, march in procession and submit a petition to the government agent.
O At Kiliochchi, a post-mortem is at last held on the 10 bodies which were lying in a decomposed state. Since eight of them were not identified, Cremations at state expense were ordered.
O 75 Muslims are made 'Home Guards' at Kattankudi, Batticaloa and each given a rifle and a hand grenade. This action has brought concern to several religious and community leaders in the area who had been trying to promote unity between Tamils and Muslims.
O At an inquiry held into the killing of five Muslim traders at Mallikaithivu on the 16th, an eye witness, Shahu Hameed Akbar (30), giving evidence, said that five carts loaded with paddy were coming from the direction of Thopur. When a party of soldiers at the junction ordered them to stop, all five carters got off their carts and came towards the soldiers with their arms raised but the soldiers promptly shot all of them down. In fear he had rushed into the nearby hut and escaped.
O 84 Tami yo district detaine leased at Trinco K. Sivapalan, Citizens' Com Batticaloa-Amp; leased. O Army men motor cycle opp loa for failing t escapes but the O About 12 arrested by the O Referring to Tamil militant
Murasu moddai a statement th, and One TELO himself dead aft
O At Nedunker killed when ab Commandos sui murinthan on th rise the populat taken into cust missing. No les on fire and seve those killed i search were a r Kamalaku mary
(60) and A, Nehr
O Referring to government re 'security forces captured 17 o' Nedunkerni.”
O At Kilinochc stalks of paddy field were set c Commandos.
O Nearly 500 p. ing women, ch without discrin taken for questi in several truc returning from schools. O Nearly 5,000 laithivu and El following the di the Nainathivu i O About 12 mi the house of a South and robb kept for the purc 4 lakhs worth j valued around were living in t belonged to allt
O A 1/2-year-ol and a young malatha (20), Jaffna, when shelling from t from the early noon. Simultan
 
 

TAMILTIMES 13
uths from the Trincomalee d at the Boosa camp remalee in the presence of Mr President of Trincomalee mittee. 41 others from arai district were also re
shot at two youths on a posite CTB depot in Batticao stop when ordered. One other was killed.
persons in Mannar were
army. the confrontation between s and armed forces at in Kilinochchi, TELO said in at six soldiers were killed fighter, Kirupakaran, shot er being injured.
ni at least 15 Tamils were bout 300 black uniformed round a village called Eetihe Padaviya road and terrotion. About 14 others were ody and several reported s than 35 houses were set bral houses looted. Among n this 'house-to-house' narried woman, Ravindran (25), Perumal Sirirangan u (45), the Nedunkerni incident, a eport in Colombo said shot dead 12 terrorists and thers in an operation in
hia, near the 2nd culvert, harvested from a 30-acre in fire by black uniformed
Prsons in Batticaloa, includildren and elderly persons hination rounded up and oning to the military camp :ks. Some of them were their working places and
persons in islets of Analuvaithivu face starvation, sruption of sea traffic after ncident of the 17th. asked armed men entered grape farmer at Karanaivai bed Rs. 4 lakhs worth Cash hase of a lorry, another Rs. ewellery and other goods Rs. 2 lakhs. Three families he house and the property hree of them.
ARCH 21 w
dchild, Rahu Sivakumaran woman, Senathiraja Prewere killed at Koddady, government forces began ne Dutch Fort army camp hours of the morning till eously, LT TE claims in a
RY OF INOIOENTS
statement that several soldiers were killed in confrontation with their guerrillas near Navatkuli army camp and near the Dutch Fort. Several youths donate blood at Jaffna hospital for the benefit of the large number of people injured. O Government lifts ban on fishing in the Jaffna lagoon area only.
O In the Mullativu district at least seven persons were reported killed, including two women, when black uniformed armed forces surrounded the village of Puthukudirruppu. Looting was also reported.
At Thondamannaru army camp a helicopter about to land took off again when the militants attacked it with rockets. In the heavy strafing that followed, a 65-year-old man who was on his way to the Sellasannathy temple was killed.
O Rs. 5 lakhs worth of aluminium cables belonging to the electricity office of Jaffna Municipal Council was reported stolen by an unknown person. Municipal Commissioner Mr C.V.K. Sivagnanam made an appeal for the return of the cable.
MARCH 22
O G.A. Vavuniya lodges strong protest at the siting of an army camp at the Jaffna road junction. He says this will discourage the public from coming to the kachcherito transact official business and thereby weaken the civil administration. . .
O At Tellippalai, a low-flying helicopter drops stacks of propaganda material asking people to disown militants.
O Two men and two women belonging to the same family were injured in an army shooting at Mullativu - a postman, Mylvaganam Kanagasooriyar (40), his brother-inlaw Vijayanathan, an employee of the government Land Development office and two sisters-in-law, Padmavathy Sobanathan (32) and Jayanthy Sobanathan (22).
O In Colombo, the government claimed three militants were killed in a surprise attack by armed forces at Mullativu and their bodies handed over to the local hospital, while two others who were injured were carried away by their comrades.
O 57-year-old Kanthiah Chelliah of Nedunkeri, now admitted to Jaffna hospital, said when black-uniformed Commandos entered his house on the 20th, he raised his hands pleading them not to shoot; despite which, and with no provocation whatsoever, they shot him in both arms and injured him,
A mysterious ship was sighted off Kankesanturai harbour on the northern coast, apparently not delivering cargo but guarded by severa gunboats. O At Kallaru in Batticaloa, a youth named Sugumaran who tried to escape after being held, was shot dead by armed forces, according to a government claim. O In Colombo, 19-year-old Sundararajah Padmanathan of Mannar, a member of the 'Tamil People's Protection Front' sentenced under the Prevention of Terrorism Act to three years R.I. on a charge of concealing information about 'terrorists".
Continued on page 15

Page 14
14TAMITMES
PART II- (Continued from last issue) Dr Mervyn D. De S
Non-ethnic Causes (
HOSE strutting the corridors of power
never reflect the probable repercussions to their actions. At that time, the corridors of power were overcrowded with foreign aid missions, foreign and local industrial collaborators, representatives of non-governmental organisations of all descriptions, hordes of expatriate nationals, foreign experts, and the usual supporters and crossovers - all falling over each other in offering generous support. They did not realise that politically motivated actions against leaders could undermine public faith in and respect for, the law of the country.
(x) Political machinations:
When the civic rights of the leader of the SLFP or the Sinhala Section of the opposition were removed, questions began to be raised about the legality of her continuance as the leader of that party and the government used the situation advantageously to sponsor a split in the party.
(xi) Solid foundation for lawlessness:
The disruption of the opposition was celebrated as a victory for the ruling party little realising that such public displays can gravely warp the attitudes of men. Nor was it recognised that all the double talk, double standards, and double crossing by the leaders could damage any respect for all codes of decent behaviour and conduct.
The conduct of the people in power influence the thinking of the people at all levels, and therefore they can be accused of being collectively responsible for the loose discipline prevailing in the country today'.
(xii) Political psychopaths:
While the exit of the leader of the SLFP enhanced the position of the leader of the opposition (Tamil), the obsession of the ruling party to destroy the SLFP continued relentlessly. The much publicised episode about the acquisition of their headquarters, out of 'sheer concern' for a breach of peace, after in the first instance handing over the keys to the leader of the splinter party, are all actions that puzzled and shocked the ordinary people.
5. THE TIDALWAVE OF
CORRUPTION
(i) The range:
With accelerated development and huge investment programs on all fronts there arose never-ending allegations of acceptance of commissions, bribery, malpractices in the award of tenders, smuggling of gold bars, junkets and joy rides abroad for henchmen and relatives, unjust appointments, displomatic posts for relations of party supporters, appointment of unqualified persons contrary to established terms of recruitment, life styles that cannot be explained by the known earning power and assets originally owned. The politicians and the bureaucrats of the new administration had created an augean stable with no Hercules in sight. 攀 *
(ii) Glaring acts
Of the many reports of alleged corruption the most glaring and daring is the case of the member of parliament who was allegedly caught smuggling gold bars. But how did the
government so dedicated to eliminating cor
ruption react? Wasn't mockery of when it rem appointed his sister?
The new device of a parliament to fill vacanc from constituency to coi joke of the democratic those entrusted with th country react to corr expected from the peopl tion? In the current wa obvious that the people ing the examples given their leaders who have til ity, and morality to the money, the all-powerful (iii) High post for co When top-rank poli from office for alleged cc malpractices and then, a purgation are given eq ideals of integrity in pub Can these ideals be incu the people, particularly tion who perhaps in des drugs. The time has political and social syste. dishonesty, hypocrisy ar ing a free and fair Gener people can select their ré interference as in the pre
6. POLITICSSAYSH
(i) PR system:
When the governmen 1977 it promised the peo and amendment of the ( ducting elections on the sentation basis. Howeve with the prospect of ha stronger opposition if elec this very system, election a referendum to extend parliament expiring in A ducted in December 1982 imagined Naxalites,
(ii) Presidential syst One of the reasons adv Gaullist Presidential sy strong executive head ol that since the elections takes place 6 months al tions, the transfer of pc without post election vi the general elections we 1983 and the Presidential 1984.
By 1982 however, the e the country began to de inflation increased expo government’s own ment predicted severe financia 1983 and the beginning of the Presidential elections Although the governm and a half years more, an dent two years, it seeme to hold elections in 1982 still enrapt in the magic of open market economy. . . The announcement of at first shocked the pec suspect a catch. It gave ri on the mechanics of the tr
the presidential system.

ilva .
sdemocracy made a oved the member, but
pointing members of es, and shuttling them 1stituency, has made a process. If this is how e government of this Iption, what can be 2, the younger generave of lawlessness it is concerned are followand standards set by rown honesty, sincerwinds for the sake of God of Sri Lanka.
rrupt: ticians are removed bnnections with tender ifter a short period of ually high posts, the lic life are torn down. lcated in the minds of the younger generaperation are taking to come to purge our ms of all its injustices, ld insincerity by haval Election so that the presentatives without - 1977 days.
ONESTY
、
it assumed power in ple a new constitution election laws for con: proportional reprer, before long, faced ving to encounter a tions were held under s were abandoned and the life of the 1977 August 1983 was conon the phony claim of
ri em and reversal: ,
anced for adopting the stem was to have a state. It was argued o office of the latter ter the general elecower would be made olence. Accordingly, re to be held in July elections in February,
conomic conditions in teriorate rapidly and hentially. In fact the or, the World Bank, status by the end of 1984, the due date for
ent had a life of one the incumbent presi| politically expedient when the people were consumerism and the
1982 as election year ple and led them to e to much discussions ansfer of power under
JUNE 1986
f Crisis in Sri Lanka
Would there be a tussle between parliament and the incumbent president, who may belong to the defeated party? How could the incumbent president chair a meeting of the cabinet of ministers formed by the majority party and not his own? What would happen in case he formed a cabinet drawn exclusively from the minority group of his own party? And, then there was the suggestion that parliament may have to storm President House, if he refused to resign! With all these in the air, like a bolt from the blue came the decision to reverse the sequence and hold the Presidential elections in October 1982, before the General Elections.
In this case parliament is not dissolved and the members of parliament will hold power and will have access to government machinery.
(iii) The Presidential elections:
With that decision, the prolonged sermons from every conceivable platform in defence and in praise of the new PR system was forgotten. The credibility of the government, eroded when they saw the wide gap between preaching and practice.
With the whole opposition in disarray, their party organisation's bankrupt. With the members of parliament still in power and wielding that power at the election, the results of the election was a foregone conclusion. There was solid and abundant financial backing for the ruling party and the shared interest groups. All Ministries went into full gear, a total control of mass media played a major role. However, in spite of all the odds against the last minute candidate the opposition candidate put on a valiant fight and barely lost and with him so did the people.
(iv) Referendum or tribal war:
The referendum was held in December 1982, to decide on the extension of parliament that expired 6 months from that date, for a period of 6 years. The opposition did not get even breathing space to assemble its forces. The masses did not understand the significance of the referendum.
They were puzzled as to why the leader of the SLFP, unable to contest the presidential elections, could canvas at the referendum. They were all confused, but hesitantly surrendered to the assaults on democracy as they were aware that the principle, the end justifies the means, was a basic tenet accepted and practised by the ruling party.
(v) Government group silenced:
Just prior to the referendum, undated letters of resignation were given by the elected representatives of parliament including the Prime Minister, to the President. The purpose of these letters ostensibly was to enable the President to remove members wanting in their stewardship. What is significant is that in terms of the law that existed at that time, when an MP resigned his seat, no by-election was possible, and the General Secretary of the party to which the MP belonged nominated a person of the party's choice to fill such vacancy. Thus, the MP elected by the majority of the people was to be removed by the hierarchy of his party and another appointed in his place, not by the will of the people.
What a commentary on the quality of the members of parliament, who willingly relinquished their powers in exchange for a con
tinued 6 year period.

Page 15
JUNE 1986
DIARY OFINICIDENTS
MARCH 23
O 10 civilians injured at Kattaiparichchan during a 24-hour search operation by the army. Helicopters gave aerial protection. Villagers fled to neighbouring areas. O A new army camp opened at Savalaikaddai junction in Amparai district, and three new army camps opened in Batticaloa - at Vavunathivu, Ayithiamalai, and Sippimaddu. O The Assistant Superintendent of Police, Teldeniya, Mr A.K. Mythiripala (35), was shot dead in his bedroom by unknown persons. O 10 youths taken into custody at Periyati vu yesterday were brought to Elephant Pass camp. O Six fisherman on three motorcycles were arrested by the army at Murukandy and taken to Kokkavil army camp. O One person was killed and 10 injured in an army shooting at Koonithivu.
MARCH 24.
O Tension in Jaffna City when armed forces emerged out of Jaffna fort. People started running. Some of the soldiers took cover behind buildings. Others who tried to crawl into ambush positions were challenged by militant fire from the lagoon side and they all withdrew to camp.
O Direct confrontation between militants and soldiers at Navatkuli. Bombs, handgrenades and guns were used in the battle.
LTTE claimed that three soldiers were killed
and four injured. O Boat service between the Jaffna islets and mainland resumed after Citizens' Committee members of Karainagar, Analaithivu and Kayts met Co-ordinating Officer Mr H. Rupasinghe and Navy Captain Ouintus Wickramasinghe. . . . O Two persons injured when soldiers from Thallady army camp in Mannar opened fire while on patrol duty. O An attempt by Tamil militants to blow up the Palaly airport runway was thwarted by security forces according to a government report. It was stated that a gelignite landmine found buried in the air strip set to go off on impact with an aircraft landing was defused.
MARCH 25
O Militants set fire to Colombo bound 'Yal Devi' and blasted its engine at Omanthai, in Vavuniya district at about 1.30 p.m. after asking passengers to get off. All 12 bogies were destroyed. O Nearly 10,000 people participated in a peace march in the plantations organised by the Savodaya Movement and police to rebuild unity and peace of all communities. O Air Force 'Siamarchetti' trainer aircraft crashed into the sea about 200 yards off the coast of Beruwela killing Flying Officer A.T.K. Seniveratne and Cadet Officer R.T. Punchihetti; according to an eye witness, the plane was doing aerobatics. O Batticaloa G.A. Anthonimuthu and officials of the Citizens’ Committee launched peace moves to reduce tension in the district between Tamil and Muslim communities.
Conti
O Three sold injured in tw Anuradhapura tion, a landmin Seven soldier road in Trinco killed and three by a landmine. O 27 persons were taken int and Aaithinoo O Five policer
in a landmine
Madawachchiy fire between followed five ( led.
O The govern as compensati Nagapooshani forces, accord authorities wh the governmer
O LTTE anno Operations du Corporal Ranj another corpo injured on an a camp. Lt. Het many others i an armoured C explosion on th and some st 'Home Guards Dollar farm we
O Despite gov bombing had carried on stra Tellippalai, K Vasavian area injuring three ( old girl, M. Am 68-year-old ba Anandarajah, a
age was also c the areas.
O Two fishern (30), and Ar who were rep were found to fort army camp O Following Mannar, detai government fo ing Tajuddin (4 O The bodies firing tying n were removed to the over-50 í O Four large at Valvettiturai dynamited anc such houses h in order to en; Camp. O Three soldi army camp wl steel bridge w tants and one k O Seven idols known Hindu am in Trincor had been puto

TAMILTIMES 15
nued from page 13
iers were killed and 10 o separate incidents. At road neår Vavuniya junce damaged a jeep, injuring S. On Kantalai-Habarana malee, three soldiers were seriously injured when hit
including some women o custody at Sambalthivu dodai in Trincomalee.
men were believed injured blast on the Vavuniya'a road. In an exhange of militants and police that civilians were reported kil
ment is to pay Rs. 15 lakhs on for damages caused to
Amman temple by armed ing to civil administration o took up the matter with it.
unced that in a series of ring the past two days, an Nimal wss killed and ral and two army privates ttack at the Navatkuli army tiarachchi was killed and njured and two jeeps and ar damaged in a landmine he Kantalai-Habarana road: ecurity forces men and s' who were coming from re killed or injured.
ARCH 26
'ernment claims that aerial been stopped, a helicopter fing for nearly 2/2 hours in urumbacitty, Kadduvan, is, killing one person and others, including a 16-yearhbika, of Kurumbacitty and akery employee Kesavan also of Kurumbacitty. Damaused to several houses in
men, Manikkam Regupathy mugam Sellathurai (55), orted missing on the 21st, be detained in the Jaffna
). a landmine explosion in s of which are not known, roes shelled the area, injur0) and Suren (19).
of four victims of army ear Sellacannathi temple
. All those killed belonged age group. houses worth several lakhs near the army camp were | destroyed by the army. 25 iad been earlier destroyed sure security for the army
ers from Thorndamanmaru ho attempted to cross the vere attacked by the miliilled in the process. were stolen from the welltemple of Thirukoneswarmalee; the annual festival ffas a result.
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Page 16
16TAMLTIMES
WHAT THE PAPERS SAY.
THE JAYAWARDENE
THE THWARTING AND abandonment, at least for now, of one visible part of the Jayawardene-Athulathmudali coterie's grandiose 'final military offensive' against the armed Tamil resistance (chiefly the LTTE militants) and the unarmed people can be regarded as an instructive episode along the track of the unwinnable brutal war that the Sri Lankan state has been waging over the past two years and more againstan important part of its population. The terroristic act of bombing the heart of Jaffna town from the air, the cold-blooded strike against a major hospital and the killing of innocent Children, Women and men - Once the columns of Sinhala troops sent out of their camps in a 'search and seize' operation to wrest control of the vital town of Jaffna from the Tamil militants found themselves in trouble amidst a hostile population - pointed to the state of neardesperation of a regime out of touch with the elementary realities on the ground, especially in a political sense. Sri Lanka might be a small country of some 15 million people, but such has been the tragic divide in mood, perception and experience imposed on both the Tamil and Sinhala people by the policies of Jayawardene, Athulathmudali & Co. that Jaffna must loom large before their eyes as the capital of a medieval enemy state waiting to be 'conquered' - or, at least, to be looted, burnt and destroyed. Such are the military illusions, or delusions, that experienced or intelligent men in political life can get trapped in - once elementary democratic facts and problems are grossly mishandled and there is increasing resort to any means to blast a way out of a socio-politically created mess. Still, it would be dangerous for the Sri Lankan Tamils (and all those who are in solidarity with them in their unprecedented time of troubles) to underestimate the military strengths, the reserves, and the tactics of those who have assigned themselves, outrageously, the role of the 'enemy'. For one thing, there has been in the very recent period a considerable transfer of troops from the South to the North and these forces have been put partially in place for coming engagements and reprisals. For another, the external inputs - Pakistani, israeli, Western mercenary and so forth - should not be taken lightly. A very nasty experience of bloodletting could be on the agenda, as the Sri Lankan Government goes after the 'military solution' (to the problem of 'terrorism') that its leaders have bragged about in moments of blowing hot rather than cold vis-a-vis India.
The malignant 'ethnic crisis' of Sri Lanka puts to test the firmness, the capabilities and the methods of India's foreign policy in an area of frontline concern to it, india's 'good offices' to help the island and its people get out of the mess came into the picture in mid-1983 and public opinion (at the national political level but especially in Tamil Nadu) has been concerned over the fact that the results to date have been quite uninspiring. After the experience of 'Operation change-round of troops', the perfidy of exploiting India's good offices to raise a diplomatic-political camouflage for the
pursuit of a brutal cont puts great pressure on hy policy. This policy d the Rajiv Gandhi adm marked by elements o' approach to the core the face of setbacks dubious choice of o handle the policy on cru tendency to compromi the attempt to find a q has been in the mos endeavour to Correct ti exercise on the unders rather than later, India r to narrow the substant Sri Lankan official posit tic) Tamil side and,
independent recomme sides as the basis for a Mr Rajiv Gandhi's pub, is not 'a party' to the ( sections of Sri Lankan Delhi does not see it called upon to make proposals has not Squa expectations of the rol ed itSelf in 1983 in t promising, well-crafted for negotiations at an A Given goodwill on 1 element of luck, the s evolved in the directio towards satisfying the substantial autonC administering opportu and East and the for linguistic Tamil state o official Sri Lankan conc island united. But Mr
Canac
M
Canada and other a investment in Sri La the conflict, perhaps no less tragically, haN to help this troubled To do so, they will ha' Sri Lankan Governi human rights abuses meaningful talks wit munity's exiled should:
D Seek British Commonwealth me Lanka's political elit maintenance of reputation as a lib society and may hee body which it holds ir Schoo! Tie still Cou Colombo).
D Announce at t donors' meeting in will formally suspen in the Madura O
 
 

JUNE 1986
rontationist solution the good neighboururing a good part of inistration has been f superficiality in the 'ssues, vacillation in : and obstacles, a fficial personnel to Icial occasions and a se on the baseline in 'uick solution. There it recent period an he framework of the tanding that, sooner night be in a position ive gap between the ion and the (pluralisthen, to make an 2ndation to the two politica settsement. lic posture that India dispute between two society and that New self as a negotiator detailed substantive ared with the natural 2. The latter expresshe formulation of a fand moderate basis All Party Conference. both sides and an situation could have n of major progress Tamil aspirations for my (or selfInities) in the North mation of a single r region and also the ernover keeping the Jayawardene went
REGIME's PERFIDY
back on the Commitment he made to the
Government of India, and the story of stop
run, half measures and blow hot and cold in
the negotiations right up to the present is too well known to need recitation here. In
August-September 1985, the Rajiv-Romesh
Bhandari policy on Sri Lanka seemed to be
tripping up unnecessarily with the shaping
of a foundation that the Tamils could not possibly accept; but this embarrassing
situation was gotten out of in the latest Indian experience of talking to Mr Jayawar
dene and his associates, there has clearly been another let-down - in that Colombo
promised to improve its political offer to the
Tamils and then, when it came to the phase
of offering clarifications of the specifics of devolution and improvements, backtracked and refused to honour its commitments to
India. The time has certainly come for India
to arrive at a realistic, no-nonsense assessment of the overall Sri Lankan situation and work out what it can and needs to do by way of expressing solidarity with the Tamils and pursuing its specific national policy in
terests. India's locus standi in this matter is
very strong. There is no need for high-level decision-makers to feel defensive or apolo
getic about this involvement or role, or to
explain (in season and out of it) what India
might or might not do under speculative or hypothetical circumstances. The situation is
evolving in a very disturbing direction: if the
Sri Lankan regime is not willing to heed the
call of elementary humanity, political good sense and decency in bilateral relations, it must meet with the consequences of Indian
disapproval and displeasure.
(Editorial, THE HINDU, 31.5.86)
la Urged TO Suspend Aid To Sri Lanka
aid donors, whose nka is wasted by ; less directly but ve a responsibility island save itself. veto influence the ment to curb its and to enter into h the Tamil Comleaders. Ottawa
support for a diation effort. Sri cares about the its international eral, democratic !d appeals from a esteem. (The Old ints for much in
ne Sri Lanka aid June that Canada d its involvement ya development
Scheme until a political accommodation is reached (one which includes equitable sharing of the scheme's irrigation benefits between Sinhalese and Tamil settlers).
O Convert the remainder of Canada's foreign aid to Sri Lanka into relief assistance for both Tamils and Sinhalese displaced by the conflict (as Norway has done). The 30,000 Tamils sheltered in refugee camps in south India and victimized by malnutrition are in particular distress.
Canada has sufficient humanitarian and economic stakes to warrant such moves. Moreover, it has a political selfinterest in the survival of binational states. We know from experience the peril of what Lord Durham called "two nations warring in the bosom of a single state." In Sri Lanka, a Canadian initiative could help avert such an apocalypse.
("The Globe & Mail, Toronto, 8.4.86)

Page 17
把椎节锁88
THE SRI LANKA I
1 The dynamic department of Statistics of th Madras Christian College, under the inspiration and leadership of Dr. J. Vijayathilakan undertook the first ever Scientific Survey of the Sri Lanka refugees in India. They have brough out a very useful report full of factual information about the refugees. The report is an accurat profile of Sri Lankan refugees. We are pleased to publish an extract from the report. ܙ
Thirty five percent of the refugees say that they have their house in Sri Lanka while only 29 percent of refugees from Mannar reported the loss of their hou The houses were either burnt down or partially damag More than 50 percent from all other districts reported loss of their houses. About 25 percent of the people fr Mannar were not sure what might have happened to th house after they left. About 25 percent of the refugeess that they had lost their jewels. Proportionately m people from Kandy, Colombo and Jaffna had lost th jewels compared to the people from Mannar.
More than 20 percent of the refugees say that they lost one or more members of their family. This proba includes those who were killed and those who w missing. This percentage includes not only the di members of the family, but also the relatives of refugees.
Reasons For Leaving Sri Lanka v,
More than 90 percent of the refugees left Sri Lai because of their fear of the army and the police. F. percent said that they were directly affected by the eth conflict. Among those who were directly affect businessmen were more affected than the fishermen agriculturists. About 40 percent, though they were directly affected, said that their neighbour or a relative v affected. The proportion of refugees for whom neighbour or a relative was affected remained the same all professions. In either case of being directly affected a neighbour or relative being affected there was difference between Tamils of Indian origin and Jaf Tamils. Irrespective of their origin and native district, Tamils, have fled Sir Lanka mainly because of the fea being attacked by the army or police personnel.
Almost all the districts in Tamil Nadu have refu. camps for the Sri Lankan Tamils. Their camps are loca in old cinema theatres, community halls, small scho cyclone shelters or common rest houses. In a few plac special housing schemes have been sanctioned accommodate them. In most of the camps proper med aid, toilet facilities and in a few camps there was scarcit drinking water, Though the government had m: arrangements to supply essential commodities subsidised rate, the refugees felt that the money given not enough for them. Some of them tried to get so employment outside the camps which was not allowed many camps there were people belonging to vari professions and possessing many skills but they had to away the time. Education of children was another probl There was no concrete arrangements for it and the child spend all their time playing. In some camps, the elders taken the initiative to organise classes for the childr Admission into schools outside the camps were difficul their children did not have any of the necessary certifica

fAMILTIMES 17
REFUGEES IN INDIA
OSt the
CS. ed. the
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mka ifty nic ed,
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WS
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WaS :
e
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ren had
EI1, aS
CS.
In many camps there was no privacy for the members of the family consisting of men and women of different age groups. An extra dimension to the problem of the refugees seemed to be the growing rate of childbirths in camps.
The refugees were asked about their expectations in India and how far these had been fulfilled. While 33 percent said that their expectation of food and shelter had been fulfilled, 67 percent said that it was only partially fulfilled. Regarding education of children for 33 percent of the refugees it was either fully or partially fulfilled, 37 percent expected that it was likely to be fulfilled. The expectation on employment had been fully or partially fulfilled for 10 percent, 35 percent expected it to be fulfilled and 55 percent did not consider it likely that they will get any employment. For financial help the corresponding figures were 5, 15, 20 and 60 percent.
Fulfilment of the Expectation of the Refugees in Camps
Fulfilled Partially Likely Not likely
fulfilled to be to be
fulfilled fulfilled
Food Shelter 33 67 m
Cloths 20 80 r Vessels Education 17 16 q7 - జీ Employment 5 5 35' 55 Financial Help 5 15 20 60
Figures are in percentages of the number of people who responded to the particular question.
When the refugees in the camps were asked their future plans, it was interesting to note that almost all of them were quite certain of what they wanted to do. Seventy percent of them wanted to go back to Sri Lanka if normalcy is restored and 25 percent did not want to go back at all. About 5 percent say that they would stay on in India if they get a good income here. More Jaffna Tamils were particular about going back to Sri Lanka than Tamils of Indian Origin. Eighty percent of the Jaffna Tamils and 40 percent of the Tamils of Indian Origin were definite about going back to Sri Lanka if normalcy is restored. Analysing their future plans according to their profession in Sri Lanka it was found that 90 percent of those involved in fishing wanted to go back while only 40 percent of the small business men wanted to go back. Seventy five percent of the agriculturists and professions wanted to go back. In
case of other occupations, the percentage of people who wanted to go back was around 50. (Courtesy Exodus)
Jaffna Muslims Protest Against U.S. Bombing
An effigy of US President Ronald Reagan, wrapped in the American flag, was burnt on Thursday 17th April in Jaffna at the end of a march to protest the American bombing of Libya. The March was organised by the Islamic Youth Movement in Jaffna.
The 2000-strong protesters shouted slogans denouncing US bombing. Jaffna observed a hartal on Thursday. Militant organisations, meanwhile, have put up posters throughout Jaffna denouncing the US and Israel and expressing solidarity with Libya. -
The Eelam People's Revolutionary Liberation Front (EPRLF) and the Tamil Eelam Liberation Organisation (TELO) have issued strongly-worded statements condemning the US aggression.

Page 18
18TAMLTIMES
"INTEGRATIONYEs, BUT N
E CWC has recently been challenged to state its views on integration. Our position was set out many years ago and we have repeated the same ever since. The Ceylon Workers Congress is for integration of the population of the island to create a common Sri Lanka nationality, as long as its component parts like the Tamils of recent Indian origin are able to retain their social, cultural, religious and linguistic identities. Integration yes, but no assimilation. This, we think is the only way that the ideal of national unity in diversity can be secured in a multi-racial, multilinguistic and multi-religious society such as we have in Sri Lanka. It is for this reason that we accepted the policies of J. R. Jayawardene and the Constitution of 1978 and have co-operated with him and the Government.
The Council, however, is of the view that integration and the building of amity, peace, national reconciliation and unity cannot be achieved without bringing the Citizenship Laws still on the Statute Book in line with the Constitution. The Constitution recognizes only one nationality, that of a citizen of Sri Lanka. And there is therefore no need to retain the special citizenship laws enacted in the years 1948 to 1951. It is unfortunate that many governmental authorities are still guided by these outdated laws which divide citizens into several categories. The time has come, in the national interest, to implement the Constitution provisions to recognise only one kind of Sri Lanka citizenship and nationality. This will help to eliminate separatist trends and thinking. Y
The council also feels that for national integration and unity, it is essential that there should be total political participation of all
CALL FOR BAN ON AND TO SF
THE LONDON based Human Rights Council of the Standi Tamils (SCOT) has called upon all governments to stop and otherwise, to Sri Lanka in the context of the governr a military solution to the ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka. A May 1986, issued by HRC (SCOT) stated:-
The President of Sri Lanka, in recent interviews, has repeated his decision to bring an end to the ethnic conflict by military means. What this implies is the intensification of the current indiscriminate shelling and aerial bombing raids in Tamil areas of Sri Lanka. Already the ruthless actions relentlessly pursued by the government and its security forces have brought about catastrophic consequences for the Tamil speaking people of the country.
Several hundreds of villages in the eastern province have been literally destroyed. Those who escaped death have fled to other areas which they regarded as safe. Besides those who had fled to South India, there are an estimated 200,000 Tamil refugees leading a pitiable life of misery and destitution in schools, church and temple halls and make-shift sheds. Now even those 'safe' areas have become dangerous due to 'security operations'.
Fishermen have been prohibited from going to sea and deprived of their means of daily existence. Those living in coastal areas have been ordered to abandon their homes and move interior where they have not been provided with alternative living accommodation.
People living in proximity to army
camps - and there have been ordered t a number of instanci homes blasted to explosives by the se Part of this susta attrition against the included the destru Hindu temples ar Catholic churches. sannithy Hindu te Jaffna has been con by the army.
in the continuing between the Sri Lank with modern milita copter gunships ar and the Tarmi1 mil main casualties ha\ cent non-combatan and children include erty. The island has land of refugees.
The description t ducted by the Sri La is solely directed aga groups which hav against the governi the havoc and dest
been already visitec
Tamil population. government would adopted the simple

JUNE 1986
LSMLgLSArDMeMrr00SASeLgDD DLSSgSDSDLESESMA SLrSLqDaEESLAgArreAMSLEkkTr0MMDBeeASeeSeMeS SJSDLBriMSiiiLSiSSDSDASASAL0LDgSS :Sبدا...8-تند.پ*
o AssIMILATION"-cwc
people who have this country for a home and are qualified to be citizens. But there is bound to be a time lag before a unified system of Citizenship Laws in consonance with the Constitution can come into operation and there is therefore need to have some interim measure to ensure full participation of the people in local government and national institutions.
As an interim measure we would suggest that the Government should consider placing on the electoral lists all those who were born in the island and have not applied or opted for the citizenship of any other country. With the proportional representation system now in vogue, fears about swamping by one group or another will not arise.
It is only when there is full political participation of this kind that it will be possible to formulate national, provincial or district plans and programmes that will be acceptable to the people and not be detrimental to the national interest. It is regrettable that there are attempts to formulate and implement plans under various grandiose names like a Plan for the Hill Country. We will not accept any such plan if it is drawn up without our co-operation and our concurrence, especially when the plan will only serve sectarian, segregationist and divisive interests.
It is a pity that even after so much has happened to bring the country into the present mess with such sharp communal conflicts, many people have not learnt the lesson that stares everyone in the face. The C. W.C. will therefore oppose any plan that will tend to divide and not unite the country. The C.W.C. wants integration without assimilation to ensure national unity and will oppose all plans and programmes that run counter to this.
RI LANKA
ng Committee of all aid, military ment's pursuit of press release, 18
are many - also o move out and, in es, the abandoned the ground with curity forces. ined campaign of Tamil people has ction of dozens of
ld Christian and
The historic Selvample in northern npletely destroyed
unequal combat kan army equipped ry weapons, helild attack aircrafts itant groups, the
/e been the innO- `
t Tamils, Women 2d, and their propbeen turned into a
hat the war conankan government inst Tamil militant a taken up arms ment is belied by ruction that have | upon the civilian The Sri - Lankan appear to have out cruel logic that,
if the armed Tamil militants could not be identified, apprehended, confronted or eliminated individually or collectively, then the only way to achieve that would be to collectively destroy and obliterate the Tamil community as a whole in the hope and expectation that armed Tamil militants also would fall victims in that generalised campaign of destruction and obliteration.
In the context of the bulk of the Tamil masses presently surviving on a knifeedge between life and death, President Jayawardene's attempt to seek a quick military victory deserves the severest condemnation and counter-measures from the international community. Instead of applying his energies to the pursuit of a political solution through negotiations, the President has hired foreign mercenaries to carry out bombing raids in Tamil areas inflicting death and destruction as part of his military option. Without grasping the offer of assistance by the Indian government in reaching a political solution, the President is making fervent appeals to the 'English speaking world'
for support to carry on war against a
section of the island's people.
We call upon all governments and human right organisations to bring pressure upon the government of Sri Lanka to abandon its militaristic course and to seek a political solution through negotiation with the representatives of the Tami people. We also call upon all governments to forthwith stop all aid, military and otherwise, to Sri Lanka which the government is able to employ in the pursuit of a war againsta section of its own people.

Page 19
JUNE 1986
Book Review
A. Jeya
(University
The Politics of Comm
IANE RUSSELL in her Communal Politics under the Donoughmore Constitu
tion 1931-1947 (Dehiwala, Tisara Prakasa
kayo Ltd., 1982) provides us with the seedbed of what was to happen in the years following independence. In this work of hers, so rich in insights into the political culture of the petty squabbling between persons and people entirely unaccustomed to the workings of an altogether strange and eccentric constitutional mechanism, we get some idea that 1948 and after was nothing to be surprised about. The writing was there on the wall.
What strikes the observer is that there åre three British constitutional documents, the Colebrooke-Cameron Report of 1833, the Donoughmore Report of 1928 and the Soulbury Report of 1945 each of which created dissidence and dissatisfaction among the minority ethnic and religious groups. The British, who were so adept at discovering formulae to still the pace of discontent in Guyana among other territories, did not desire to choose the cautious
route in Sri Lanka. The analyses of the three
reports referred to could form a study in themselves. Briefly Colebrooke-Cameron laid the foundations of the unitary state, Donoughmore turned its face against multiethnicity and Soulbury hoped Westminster will take root when the Commissioners would well have been aware that their hero, Don Stephen Senanayake, had only a few more years to live.
The depressing account which Russell .
relates in each of her chapters tell their story of Sinhala intrigues and the Jaffna Tamils' search for the holygrail of communal ratios which might stem the tide of the new flood of electors caused by the introduction of universal suffrage. We have the familiar picture of the atomization of Tamil politics and G. G. Ponnambalam's valiant effort to close the loopholes. But he failed to gain the unconditional and wholehearted support of the minorities which mattered. The Sinhalese fared better. They knew what was in store. They did not chafe at the restraints. Instead they went along with the system knowing full well that at the end of the road the bonanza of a single unitary state would be the prize for loyal and unstinted cooperation in the war effort.
Here we find the men of destiny begin
ing to use their tools to carve their respective niches in history. D.B. Jayatilleke opted out, Don Stephen Senanayake, more
a creation of the Wijewardene newspapers,
emerges a paper tiger. S.W.R.D. Bandaranaike gave the latter a good run for his money. J. R. Jayawardene with Bandaranaike were dabbling in Sinhala Buddhist politics - denominational schools, the official language, the national anthem, the national flag. G. G. Ponnambalam ultimatesy emerges as the charismatic uncrowned king of the Northern Tamils, S.J. V. Chelvanayakam was biding his time but with uncanny foresight was able to anticipate all the calamities that would befall the Tamil community in the post-independence
years. l like Rus of Chelvanayak
. . . Chelvanayakam political efect of Sin on the future of the C thoughtful man; as a ... His Tamil comn opportunist but a de backed by an app amounted to blindic to the Ceylon Tamil Tamil nationalism a attitude proclaimed Arunachalarm who h; ideal of a United Lar Pan-Tamilan state in Chelvanayakam did that of Ponnambala augured a radical ch Ceylon Tamii politic (PP. 1321-22).
Jane Russell character of the political histor prickly problem Was, however, Congress and t am. Together
Ceylon Tamilm
otherwise fared gress held its Sinhalese orga had got on to suffrage, and t British on it. their part realis of their connnn as well as the monwealth tie man, Don Step tion.
The beginnin proportions in pointed by Rus reasons advan nationalists of the Selangor Committee enq in government MalayStates in
So far as the Jaffna now gone, the Jaff government Clerical then the only coul English-educated me
So it seems not prefer the T Tamils to the M. fact was that th Tamils very litt tive employmen government s Russell's analy: the Sinhalese a representation, their future ha' obvious, no ot sources ofemp,
Yet anotherp, its ugly head ( presence of Indi in the Kandyar question, the acted in unison se increasingly
 

ratnam Wilson of Brunswick, Canada)
unalism
sell's quintessential portrait an. :
was seriously concerned with the halese Buddhist cultura resurgence eylon Tamils. Chelwanayakam was a politician he displayed (the) integrity hunalism was not the froth of an eply felt and considered judgement reciation of Tami culture which yalty. Chelvanayakarn's attachment culture came much closer to a true nd his gloomy views and oracular him the heir to the Ponarmbalam ad turned in his bitterness from the vka to the concept of a Tamilnad or his solstitial years. Although S.J.W. hot present a differentiated policy to m in 1947, his political approach ange in the tone and demeanour of s in the post-independence period
has correctly discerned the > man Who Was to alter the y of Sri Lanka. The most for the Tamils at this time the folly of the Jaffna Youth he antics of C. Suntheralinghe two made a mess of a ovement which might have better. The National Conground as a low country Inisation. They knew they a good thing, universal hey meant to stick with the The British imperialists for ed that the future protection arcial and military interests maintenance of the Con
lay in working with one hen, not with any organisa
gs of the dispute on ethnic the public services are pinssell but for quite different ced by the Sinhala ethnocontemporary hue. In 1937,
Unemployment Enquiry uired into the retrenchment Service in the Federated
1937, noted:-
amils are concerned, in days that are na Tamil was the backbone of the Service and the Railways. Jaffna was ntry which had an over-supply of
obvious that the British did amils to the Sinhalese or the alays or Chinese. The simple e arid peninsula offered the le opportunities of alternait and they therefore took to ervice. It is clear from sis of the disputes between nd Tamils on the subject of that the Tannils feared for ving, as Russell has made her recourse to alternative loyment, ressing question that reared during this phase was the an Tamil plantation workers Sinhalese areas. On this Ceylon and Indian Tamils while the Kandyan Sinhalerealised that in unity with
TAMITMES 19
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their low country Sinhalese fellowmen lay their strength. The problem was left unresolved both by the Donoughmore and Soulbury Commissions giving rise in the end to irreconcilable conflict between the Sinhalese and Tamil communities.
Ceylon was unfortunate in the governors the island had during the twenties and thirties. Hugh Clifford was unpredictable, barely in poise. Russell thinks Caldecott was dim. Manning liked intriguing. Which leaves us with Herbert Stanley, Reginald Stubbs and Monck-Mason Moore. Were the members of the Donoughmore and Soulbury Commission any better? Had the island been in surer hands, the ills we are prey to presently could have been avoided,
Russell's book is invaluable for any student wishing to probe into the contempor
ary politics of Sri Lanka. As a scholar, she
has successfully understood the mentality of the numerous political figures she has investigated. She has studied the literature and produced a work of considerable value.

Page 20
20TAMILTMES
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Page 21
JUNE 1986
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Page 22
22TAMITMES
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JUNE 1986
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Page 24
24 TAM TIMES
GOVERNMENT LAUNCHES MILITARY OFFENS
Continued from page 1 had said, "I can and will wipe out this trouble in one month'.
The main objective of the government's offensive was no doubt to gain military, administrative and physical control of the Jaffna Peninsula through military means by firstly setting up a string of army camps within easy reach of each other, and secondly to clean up the major roads in densely populated areas which apparently had been mined by the Tamil militants. The Minister of National Security was careful enough to conceal the main objectives of the operation by describing it as an attempt to 'turn around troops with the objective of securing all the security bases'. An army spokesman said that the aim of the advance was to secure the roads between Elephant Pass, which marks the start of the peninsula in the south, the island of Kayts to the west and the airbase at Palaly to the north, and the main fort in the middle of Jaffna town.
Bombing raids
Although outnumbered and outclassed by the duality of the weapons in the possession of the armed forces, the Tamil militants were able to put up such a resistance that troops failed to make the expected headway. Indiscriminate bombing and strafing from the air were commenced once the troops met with unexpected resistance. Helicopters dropped leaflets warning of more raids unless the Tamil guerrillas dismantled their machine gun positions.
The Sri Lankan English daily, The Island of 20 May 1986 reported, 'Air Force planes and helicopters were also reported to have bombed and strafed Jaffna with at least 54 persons reportedly injured. A Defence Ministry source said that the bombing had to take place because the Army camp was under attack by the terrorists. The sources said that the civilians were warned before the attack to clear the area'.
Humphrey Hawkins reported from Colombo in The Guardian (London) of 20 May 1986, "Sri Lankan air force planes and helicopters bombed and strafed the centre of the northern city of Jaffna as army convoys tried unsuccessfully for the third day running to retake the Tamil separatist stronghold.
The use of air power marks a sudden change in the strategy of the army operation to wrest control of the Jaffna peninsula, from Tamil militants. Jaffna, the island's fourth largest city, has been in rebel hands for a year.
Residents said that two light attack planes, swooping as low as 300 feet, dropped between seven and 10 bombs around the city's main commercial district during the 40-minute raid while
helicopters strafed machine-gun fire.
Among the buildi general hospital. Sev injured, and one emergency surgery.
There was no wor the military about til community leaders S people may have die city's hospital said people were treated and another 30 were taken to private clinic The hospital mad for blood.
Residents said tha ablaze and that sevel damaged in the É People took cover in h and only the Tamil gu machine-gun posts, v After the raid shell from Jaffna fort Over centre, which is still ir Community leader than 60 people may three days of fightin injured. Only civilian in the air raid, they sa
Indian protest Y
The indiscriminat aerial bombardment civilian casualties rai protests. India w incensed. The Commissioner in C Dixit, called on Presid on May 20, under i New Delhi, to conv concern and urge military operations Peninsula. lt is repo stage of the discussic National Security Athu lath mudali, wa Jayawardene to tell that it was the Tam launched the offen timed to coincide wi turn-around of troop province.
Mr Lalith Athula Statement made in Parliament, indulg falsehoods that
contradictions to
indiscriminate attack forces. He claimed
Hospital in Jaffna w the bombing raids by added, 'In factone o" by the terrorists fe Hospital premises a described the govert as one of Self-defenci
Hospital damaged
However, there evidence that during May 19, wards numb 29, besides th

JUNE 1986
VE
the area with
ngs hit was the eral patients were had to have
d last night from he bombing, the aid that up to 12 d. The head of the that at least 54 at the hospital, said to have been
S. 2 urgent appeals
t shops were set
'al buildings were .
fternoon attack. homes and offices Ierrillas, manning vere on the Street.
ing was reported
looking the town army hands. . . . S said that more have died in the g and up to 170 s had been killed id.'
I sAyrir As
e nature of the s and the heavy ised international vas particularly
Indian High blombo, Mr J.N. lent Jayawardene nstructions from ey India's grave him to halt the
in the Jaffna rted that, at one
on, the Minister of .
f Mr
S called the Indian envoy ni militants who sive which was th the Scheduled is in the northern
Lailith
thmudali, in a the Sri Lankan ed in patent
were full of cover up the is by his security
that the Generaf as not hit during
his airforce, and f the mortars fired l in the Jaffna nd exploded'. He hment's offensive
ܒ
is irrefutable the bombing on ers 12, 15, 16 and e outpatients
in by
department, were damaged along with several other buildings in Jaffna that had no military significance. The Defence Ministry spokesman in Colombo had been talking during his daily press briefings of a threepronged drive by the Sri Lankan army to regain control of Jaffna, while Mr. Athulathmudali had been claiming that the government had been acting in self-defence in the context of attacks by Tamil militants. In the face of the mounting protests, after four days of military operations, the Ministry of National Security stated on May 20that it was suspending its operations and bombings in the context of the unexpected resistance. The Minister described the suspension as a 'temporary setback. i
However, aerial bombardments, naval shelling and strafing from helicopters were resumed the following day, May 21, with greater intensity. The Times (London) of May 22 reported that towns in the Jaffna peninsula were pounded from Sea and air; people began to flee as the helicopters and planes strafed and bombed the coastal town of Valvettiturai; at least 30 bombs were dropped at the same time as navy
ships shelled the area; and patrol
vessels also shelled the towns of Polykandy and Vasavian.
Fierce attacks
Vilma Wimaladasa reported fro, Colombo in the London Daily Telegraph of May 22, 'Sri Lankan fighters and helicopter gunships launched fierce attacks yesterday on the coastal fishingtown of Valvettiturai in the troubled north, bombing and machine-gunning this key base of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. The air raids were accompanied by shelling by naval patrol boats . . . Unofficial reports said more than 75 civilians and several soldiers were killed. About 50 houses were damaged... Residents in
Jaffna spoke of injured civilians fleeing to the jungle in fear and others lying on
the streets bleeding, with no transport and no one to take them to hospital'.
Besides the death and devastation, the latest military operations by the government have further alienated the Tamil people and made them think that their only defenders are the Tamil militants. According to Humphrey Hawskley's report in The Guardian of May 21, 'The operation appears to have won the militants considerable
: support from the local population who
had criticised them for the bloody feuding earlier this month between tWO rival groups'. Professor Sivathamby of the University of Jaffna goes even further. "Before the bombing, there was a line, however thin, that was drawn between the militants and the people. Now that line has disappeared', he said.