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Tamil
T)
Volume VI No.3 ISSNO2
JOURNE
A Tamil woman fleeing communal fighting in S southern India after an all-night trip. Hundreds have sought refugethere in the past few weeks
 
 

85p
|ES
56-4488 June 1987
Y'S END
潼、 'i Lanka cries on arrival at Rameswaram in of Tamils from the embattled Jaffna peninsula said "The Independent" (30 June),

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2 TAMILTIMES
ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION
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Published monthly by TAMIL TIMES LTD
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TAMILTIMES
CONTENTS
Editorial.............................................. 2
An Interview with James Manor.3
; Genesis and History of the IndoSoviet Mutual Defence Pact of August 1981........................................4.
NeWS in Brief......................................
Bhandari Lin on Sri Lanka...........E
Rep. Dymally Lauds Jaffna Air 雛 Drop............................................... 8
Jayawardene's Peace "Impossible"....................................... 9
India's Aid to the Beleaguered * Tamils...w.z.w.z.w.r.o.v. 10
A Decade of Death and 叢 Destruction....................................... 12
What the World Thought................. 4. Letters to the Editor...15
Other Opinion.................................... 16
The Growing Pains of Premadasa 18
And so the Bombers Came.............. 20
Classified Ads... ...............21
India is Mediator No More............. 24
Views expressed by contributors are not necessarily those of the editor or the publishers,
The publishers assume no responsibility for return of unsolicited manuscripts, photographs and artwork.
Printed By Clarendon Printers Ltd, Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire.
What
THE “LAST OFFEN of urgently needed su exactly the opposite ef keep the Tamils there i into the U.S. ’s “uns uncovered for all the II on Prime Minister Raj for direct Indian invol Whatever result cor must be aware of two military might does na will become consolida become diversified. T deceiving the Sinhala for depriving the electic in order to escape the as the entire UNP is in will expose the giganti will the Jayawardene g nudity but also the gov the Western world.
So the war must g resolution. President the greasy pole' (a ph Britain), it is for him violate the rules of Constitution he himsel But let us and the wo Strip Sri Lanka of eve cancer that affects the , and violent racism ag. consciousness. Paul S Justice. International ( the Sinhala people's vi contemporary world O and meaning of the c. Sinhala leaders of both this respect the major S and J. R. Jayawardene game of Tamil-baiting We must emphasise existence of more than the Tamils of their just the divine right to rule Of power jobs, contrac lebensraum (living sp Sinhalese. This juggeri We insist however th monopoly of state-po (the accepted people) i and the Muslims - the serious to all peoples holocaust against an a civilisation. The Tamil not longer. Even Sir acknowledge this fact.
Contemporary Sinh investigation by an Jayawardene's and 1 intelligence. Jayaward Berlin as justification C to the repetition, in sca contemporary Nureml A state which bomb contract with those of brutal warfare. When t an earlier era, the state pre-state condition and world, Jayawardene's have brought to trial A the ville deeds of Jayaw, We must conclude w written by Praful Bidv Sri Lanka. We pose th Stand aside and let Sr. actively encourage int involvement. Now is th
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

JUNE 1987
Next After Jaffna
SIVE" resulted in India's intervention and air lift of a mercy cargo pplies for Jaffna. Jayawardene and his henchmen thus obtained sect of what they had planned. They hoped to capture the Peninsula, n permanent subjugation and complete the conversion of the island inkable aircraft carrier”'”. Jaya wardene's deceit has now been indian public to view. There has been a political consensus in India iv Gandhi's action. Important Indian newspapers have now called ’ement. Some even Suggesta Cyprus-Style Solution. itemporary Sinhala racism secures over the Tamil Resistance, we facts. A temporary advantage, as we stated previously, won from ot signal the end of the Tamil struggle. On the contrary, resistance ited and the war for our freedom will escalate to higher levels and he Sinhala racists themselves know this. They intentionally are nasses and are using the war against the Tamil people as an excuse orate of its franchise. The Jayawardene government clings to power iudgement of its own electors. An important reason is that, steeped Marcos-style corruption, there is the fear that democratic change c frauds perpetrated by the UNP's political entrepreneurs. Not only government stand exposed before its Sinhala public in its depraved ernment will become the subject of investigation by the taxpayers of
to on and there will be deceptions practised about a peaceful ayawardene himself stated that now that he had got "to the top of ase used by Benjamin D'Israeli when he became Prime Minister of to decide when he will climb down. He has chosen to flagrantly parliamentary government and does not care a damn for the fassisted SO much in framing.
prld not be distracted by the politics of the United National Party to in a modicum of democratic government. There is a more serious Sinhala Buddhist polity. It is the cancer of unadulterated, vengeful ainst the Tamils, a racism which is now embedded in the Sinhala sieghart in Sri Lanka: A Tragedy of Mounting Errors (London, Commission of Jurists, 1984) diagnosed this ailment. He wrote that ew of the inselves as a superior Aryan race exists nowhere else in the ther than in the Nazi imagination. That statement conveys the truth urrent Hitler-type hysteria actively encouraged and promoted by the United National Party and the Sri Lankan Freedom Party. In inhala political parties have no difference. Sirina 'O Bandaranaike 2 and their respective party faithfuls are mirror nates in the soulless
that "the drivel and drool' of the Sinhalese being endangered by the 50 million Tamils across the waters is a vacuous excuse to deprive dues. The monopoly of power has, the Sinhala think, given them and grab state-power and all the spin-offs that go with the monopoly its, housing, colonisation of the Tamil homelands on the score that ace, one of the words used in Hitler's dictionary) is needed for the naut of Sinhala imperialism had to be halted.
at the various pretexts for seizing all the benefits accruing from the wer was with the intention of making the Sinhalese“herrenvolko fnot “staatsvolk' (the State folk). Outside the pale are the Tamils latter will soon wake up from their apathy. Secondly, what is more the world over as well as to us Tamils is the re-enacting of the ncient civilisation and a proud Tamil people who are heirs to that 's have lived in Sri Lanka as long as the Sinhalese, for 2500 years, if nhaliese historians such as Paul E. Peris and G. C. Mendis
talese state-sponsored terrorism therefore calls for a thorough
impartial international commission of inquiry. President Minister Gamini Dissanayake's statements baffle the human ene has referred to the carpet bombing of Dresden, Hamburg and of his bombing of Jaffna. More dreadful is Dissanayake's reference le, of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Are we not near the threshold of a urg Trial of War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity? s its own territory and kills its own citizens has broken the social its citizens against whom it has chosen to practise the savageries of he contract is broken, as the philosopher Thomas Hobbes stated, in ceases to exist for the citizenry. The citizenry (Tamil) revert to the i are then free to choose a new state and a new ruler. The Western benefactors, who condemn President Waldheim of Austria, who dolf Eichmanns and Klaus Barbies, have it in their conscience that ardene's government must one day be judicially assessed. 'ith a last cautionary note. In this issue, there is an illuminating piece vai on the dangers to India of the US-Israeli-Pakistani presence in 1e question to India, is Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi prepared to i Lanka become a link in the chain that will surround India and ernal dissension? India will have to pay a heavy price for nonte hour.

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JUNE 1987
” AM DEEPL
says Dr. Manor in an in
(London, Croom Helm, 1984).
JAMES MANOR is a Professorial Fellow of the Institute of D the University of Sussex. He has taught at Harvard, Yale, Universities, and since 1980 has edited the Journal of Compara-tive Politics. He has also written a biography of S. which will soon be published and has edited Sri Lanka
What is your view of the current state of political institutions in Sri Lanka?
Sri Lanka has a whole array of liberal institutions and laws, which have been deemphasised or abandoned, at least for the time being. They have been swallowed up by the intensity of the conflict between the two linguistic communities, and by the ruling party's determination to remain in power by illiberal means. This latter point was most clearly illustrated in the illegalities and thuggery that attended the referendum of 1982, which make it impossible to take the result of the referendum seriously.
The understanding and appreciation of the island's liberal tradition runs deep on both sides of the linguistic divide, so that there is some hope that it may be revived. But given all of the coercion, ghastly violence and polarisation of recent years, this seems rather unlikely.
Who in your view was the most constructive leader in Sri Lanka since the island gained independence in 1948 and why? It is difficult to find many very prominent people whose records are predominantly constructive, since leading politicians have tended to have very ambiguous or downright negative impacts, especially on the relationship between Tamils and Sinhalese. Many of them (and this includes Tamils, although the Sinhalese loom larger in this respect) have frequently stirred up suspicion of the other linguistic group in order to generate political resources for themselves.
At what stage in Sri Lanka do you think the island began to appear to slide down in the area of Sinhalese-Tamil relations? Any short reasons for the decline?
People usually date this decline from 1956 or the riots of 1958. I think that it began earlier. In the late 1930s, we see competition between D. S. Senanayake's colonisation schemes which were partly intended to create Sinhalese majorities in certain sections of the island, and Mrs. Bandaranaike's plan to revive the city of Anuradhapura which had clear anti-Tamil purpose. The cynical duels in the State Council in the late 1930s between Bandaranaike and G. G. Ponnambalam, which were neant to polarise relations between Sinhalese and Tamils and to increase the influence of both men, were very unfortunate. The disenfranchisement of estate Tamils just after independence
was another ol Kotelawala mus bility for his ch mishandling of revival in 1955,
opinion and left with a movemen manage in a Bandaranaike wi
Do you think United Nation component of v naike’s Sri Lan any viable soluti question?
It is difficult to problem, given violence and pol tended to be at l policy towards since there is vir present govern accommodation new governmen, naike would hav of a solution agr must face the pos possible anyʼ lon who the national
Will there, arisin be free and fair the Opposition' electors?
Given the ev Parliament's illib its own life was f campaign that co the opposition a seems unlikely th return to fair elec that they would parliamentary ele will probably see likely prospect election, but the cause that to be ' the referendum w
Do you discern foreign policy? W if any, have on Ir power in the Sout
Under the prese policy has been But it has gaine, failed to gain acc failed to persuad them solidly, ore to them. If they h

TAMILTIMES3
Y PESSMISTC'
Iterview with Tamil Times
evelopment Studies at London and Leicester
Commonwealth and W. R. D. Bandaranaike in Change and Crisis
casion. And Sir John bear a heavy responsitracteristically insensitive the Sinhalese Buddhist which inflamed revivalist Bandaranaike after 1956 that was very difficult to
moderate way, as shed to do.
the Opposition to the al Party, the main which is Mrs. Bandarakan Freedom Party, has on to the Sinhalese-Tamil
see any solution to the the recent history of arisation. The SLFP has east as chauvinistic in its Tamils as the UNP. But tually no chance that the ment can forge an with the Tamils, perhaps a t under Mrs. Bandara2 a slightly better prospect 'eeable to both sides. We sibility that no solution is ger, however, no matter 'eader is.
g from the last question, elections which can test s strength among the
ents of 1982, when eral decisions to prolong Ollowed by a referendum nsisted of intimidation of nd many illegalities, it at there will be an early tions. UNP leaders know | probably lose a fair ction quite badly, so they k to avoid one. A more would be a presidential fear of losing might also managed' in the way that
S.
a shift in Sri Lanka's that effect will this shift, dia, the perceived major 1 Asian region?
nt government, foreign nuch more pro-Western. l Sri Lanka little. They ptance to ASEAN. They 2 the Americans to back 'en to pay much attention ad succeeded in drawing
the Americans into Trincomalee, for example, then India might have become alarmed. But since this has not happened, and is unlikely to happen, India has little cause for concern on that front. The Americans see that India is the predominant power in South Asia and in their dealings with Sri Lanka (but not Pakistan), the Americans pay considerable heed to Indian sensibilities.
India's main concern is the possibility of large numbers of Tamils being killed in Jaffna if the army moves in and conducts the kind of massacres that they have often perpetrated in the past. But India is reluctant to intervene, partly because the Tamils in question are not Indian citizens, and partly because they know that intervention might ignite riots against Tamils in the Sinhalese majority areas which could produce still more killings.
To come to the immediate events, what is your view of the psychological effect of the civil war on Sinhalese-Tamil relations?
The recent advances of the army in the Northern Province will convince many Sinhalese that a hard line is best and that a military solution is possible. After such advances, there is very little hope of genuine magnanimity from the government towards the minority. So have recent events in Sinhalese areas hardened Sinhalese attitudes.
On the other side, attitudes appear to have hardened too, as readers of this paper well know. The mass round-ups of young Tamils, the long detentions, tortures and killings in the camps and the repeated massacres of Tamil non-combatants by the army and other government forces - all of these things make accommodation appear to this outsider to be quite impossible.
Is President Jayawardene’s government in a position to inspire confidence in the Tamil leadership (civil and military) to accept a negotiated settlement?
For the reasons that I outlined in the answer to the previous question, no.
Lastly, will you venture, to project a scenario of the relationship between the two linguistic groups?
The Outlook is extremely grim. Both sides will probably remain deeply alienated from each other. Even if the army were to take Jaffna, Tamil militants would almost certainly continue campaigns of bombing and ambushes of security forces. That will mean that the security forces will continue sweeps and detentions of suspected Tamils and the alienation will continue. After a conventional victory in the north, the government will be less likely to make concessions. Amid the polarisation, moderates on both sides will continue to find it difficult to make headway. I am deeply pessimistic. Let us hope that I am wrong. It would not be the first time.

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4 TAMILTIMES
Genesis and Histor Mutual Defence P
It is worthy of note that roughly a year before India wo Jawaharlal Nehru said on the occasion of the forn government: "To that other great nation of the mc Soviet Union, which also carries a vast responsibility fi events, we send our greetings. It is our neighbour in As we shall have to undertake many common tasks and
with each other."
In July 1947, then First Secretary of the just set up Indian diplomatic service Triloki Nath Kaul, now Indias Ambassador to the Soviet Union, arrived in Moscow to make arrangements for opening one of independent India's first embassies abroad. About a month later, the Soviet capital welcomed the first Ambassador of that country to the Soviet Union. The fact that Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru decided to name to that high post his sister Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, widely-known and respected in India as a politician and public figure, was indicative of the great importance which the Indian leadership attached to developing relations with the Soviet Union.
The year 1955 was largely a turning point in Indo-Soviet relations. On June 7 of that year, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and his daughter Indira Gandhi arrived in Moscow on an official visit at the invitation of the Soviet government. The visit was unquestionably a memorable event in the history of Soviet-Indian relations. It lasted 17 days. The Joint Statement signed at the close of the visit expressed the two countries' desire to continue developing their mutual relations on the principles of peaceful coexistence. It stressed that "relations between the Soviet Union and India happily rest on the firm foundation of friendship and mutual understanding."
In November 1955, Soviet leaders paid a return visit to India. Ever since that exchange of top-level visits, vigorous efforts have been made to strengthen Indo-Soviet relations on virtually all lines. Trade and economic relations have expanded as have scientific and cultural contacts. Constructive co-operation
斑、
the late indira Gandhi in Moscow.
between the two international scene h
in the 1950s an Union made a series policy moves to hel pressure from the February 1957, the U Security Council proposal for sending into Kashmir with preparing for an "in that Indian State. assisted the Indian more actively in its territorial integrity c the Kashmir questio negotiation without In December 19 liberation by Indi Portuguese colonies Daman situated on Soviet Union firmly Security Council a d United States, Britai, demanding an imme operations and the Indian force. In 196 between India and F to an end and peace sub-continent resto Soviet mediation in T While the year 19. advance in Soviet-Ir may with every reasc year when co-operat countries rose to a higher in every respe August 1971 the Sov signed in New Delh Friendship and Co-o laid solid legal founc extensive co-operati countries in every fiel
The Soviet leader, Mr. Mikhail Gorbachev and the Prime Minister, Mr. Rajiv Gandhi, at 8 C{
 
 

JUNE 1987
t of the Indo-Soviet act of August 1981
n independence, lation of a new dern world, the or shaping world ia and inevitably na ve much to do
countries on the as deepened. | 1960s, the Sovjet of important foreign p India Stand up to Western powers. In SSR voted at the UN against a Western a UN interim force the alleged aim of partial plebiscite" in Soviet diplomacy eadership more and efforts to defend the f the state and settle n on a fair basis, by foreign interference. 61, following the an troops of the of Goa, Diu and Indian territory, the rejected at the UN raft resolution of the n, France and Turkey diate end to military withdrawal of the 6, an armed conflict 'akistan was brought on the South Asian red largely due to ashkent. 55 witnessed a major idian relations, 1971 n be described as the ion between the two new level that was ct. The fact is that in viet Union and India i a Treaty of Peace, peration. The Treaty lations for still more on between the two d.
remony to unveil the statue of
Let us recall the international situation existing prior to the conclusion of the Treaty. The struggle of the people of East Bengal for self-determination is mounting, vast sections of Indian Society following it with approval. The militarypolitical situation around India had taken a sharp turn for the worse. Pakistan's militarists, backed by imperialist forces, threatened to “teach India a lesson' for its just support of the struggle in East Bengal. The U.S. and its allies sided with Pakistan. Under these circumstances the conclusion of the Indo-Soviet Treaty was interpreted by many observers as a warning that should the situation become critical, the Soviet Union would render India full support in its resistance to any outside enemy Article IX of the Treaty reads as follows: In the event of either Party, being subjected to an attack or the threat thereof, the High Contracting Parties shall immediately enter into mutual consultations in order to remove such threat and to take appropriate and effective measures to ensure peace and security of their countries."
While the 1971 Treaty was a vivid indication of the solidarity of a socialist state with a non-aligned country threatened with aggression from without, it would be wrong to link its signing to the situation which shaped up in South Asia at the time. The conclusion of the Treaty was primarily a result of the previous record of Soviet-Indian relations and was based on the experience of more than 20 years of co-operation and the level of mutual confidence attained by the two countries.
That historic document is valid at the present time. The Treaty, Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi says, “remains a source of strength for our respective countries. Its importance has increased in the context of current world situation and recent events in our part of the world."
Indo-Soviet co-operation, to which the 1971 Treaty gave a new impetus, did not come down to only the Soviet Union rendering India political, moral and other Support in crisis periods of its development. The two countries' cooperation at international level is not a one-way street. In recent decades Indian diplomacy, for its part, has been giving a good deal of support to Soviet efforts to bring about disarmament and lasting peace. Virtually every major foreign policy move of the USSR towards lessening international tensions and improving the political situation in the world has evoked a positive response on the part of the Indian leadership. What is more, ever since the early 1970s, India has shown increasing activity in taking initiatives and advancing proposals intended to help normalise the situation on the globe, achieve disarmament and reduce the nuclear danger.

Page 5
JUNE 1987
NEWS N BRIE
THE NEXT
President of India?
PRIME MINISTER RAJIV GANDHI's governing Congress (I) Party on Sunday named Ramaswami Venkataraman, India's vicepresident, as its candidate in next month's presidential election. The July 13 election will determine, a successor to President Zail Singh, whose term is expiring.
The party's parliamentary board announced its choice, who is almost certain to become India's ninth president, shortly after a meeting with Mr. Gandhi.
Mr. Venkataraman, 77, appears certain to win the election. A majority of the voters are Congress members, and the party holds power in 14 of 25 states.
How Dictators have
Crashed
THE PAST FIFTEEN YEARS have witnessed a remarkable Worldwide swing towards democracy. The table below shows the Countries which have moved from authoritarian rule to some form of democracy in this time.
In Asia, democracy is on the rampage. Korea is following the Philippines in becoming a more genuine democracy and Taiwan announced recently that 38 years of military rule would end.
Now the pressure may turn on General Zia in Pakistan. Wil President Jayawardene's "5-Star democracy go the other way?"
DEMOCRATIVE SINCE 1972
Greece 1973 Nicaragua 1984 Portugal 1974 Uruguay 1985 Spain 1977 Brazil 1985 Bolivia 1979 Guatemala 1985 Peru 1980 Honduras 1985 El Salvador 1982 Philippines 1986 Argentina 1983 Haiti 1986 Turkey 1983 Keorea * 1987 Grenada 1983
*Elections promised soon
We
WESTERN GOVER on both the Sri Lan state's minority T. the violence in th negotiated settlem The appeal wa meeting of the Sri held in Paris unde Mr. Ronnie de Mel Finance, claimed countries had agree increase in aid cor last year (excluding large hydro project But figures prov suggest a small de from S630m in 1986 in a statement is donor nations and expressed their un
President
Indian President Zai Sri Lankan governm innocent people anc island's ethnic issu know they are a sm But we never thre about our strength, fort city of Gwalior in
India, he said, ( supplies for Tamils i avenues were exha continued sufferings not be ignored. He u issue through negoti
problem could be sol
BBC'S Sinha
THE FOREIGN OF External Services Korean and S Executives cite problems of Kor demonstrating ti broadcasting to the pointed out what of having a Tami Sinhala. The Tami to South India an several other cot widely spoken, Malaysia.
Taking advantage of what was thought as Prime Minister Gandhi's discomfiture in the Haryana elections, the racist Sinhala Government began further bombing of innocent civilian targets in the Jaffna peninsula. Houses, shops and schools were destroyed in and around Jaffna city. Uduvi Girls' College suffered severe damage. Namasivaya
Uduvii Girls' college, Nama Vidyalayam Bombed and Sacre
Destroyed
Vidyalayam was co The ancient Te deeswarar" at Van the revered Naur said to have been the Sinhala King not escape the Hindu community aggressors for this
 
 

TAMILTIMES5
estern donors call for end to Sri Lankan violence
NMENTS recently called kan Government and the amil community to end e country by seeking a ent to the ethnic conflict, s made at the annual Lankan aid consortium r World Bank auspices, , Sri Lanka's Minister of afterwards that donor ed in real terms to a small mmitments from $560m contributions to certain s) to $585m this year. ided by the World Bank crease in nominal terms ;to S625m this year. sued after the meeting, multi-lateral institutions ease at the way military
expenditures were cutting into the Government's development budget. Outside the World Bank building in Paris a small group of Tamil demonstrators protested at continuing Western aid to the Sri Lankan Government.
Western nations noted that as a result of both the war and a slump in prices for the country's key commodity, exports growth had slowed, inflation accelerated and the country was facing a difficult balance of payments situation. Real gross domestic products expanded last year by 4 p.c. compared to 5 p.c. in 1985, while inflation worsened to 8 p.c. from 1.5 p.c.
According to Finance Ministry figures, defence spending has risen 20-fold in the last decade and now amounts to SLRs. 15bn (f322m) out of a Government budget of about SLRs 70bn.
Zail Appeals
| Singh has appealed to the ent to stop the killings of initiate steps to settle the le across the table. "We all nation compared to us. latened them or boasted. the President said in the Madhya Pradesh. jecided to air-drop relief n Jaffna only after all other usted, Zail Singh said the of Sri Lankan Tamilis could rged Colombo to settle the ations and stressed that no ved through violence.
Plans for a Service
ICE is blocking the BBC
plan to broadcast in inhala. Bush House the present political ea and Sri Lanka as he value of Britain 2 two areas. The BBC has t considers the anomaly
Service but not one in services go out not only di Sri Lanka but also to intries where Tamil is as in Singapore and
siva ya dTemples
mpletelydestroyed.
mple "Vannai Vaiharponnai Jaffna and Kandaswami Temple, worshipped even by Buva nekha Bahu did bombardment. The an never forgive the vandalism.
Sinhalese and Tamil groups Oppose polls
THE SRI LANKAN GOVERNMENTS announcement of parliamentary elections in the north and east of Sri Lanka, and local polls in the South, has been promptly rebuffed by both Tamil and Sinhalese opposition parties.
The elections commissioner has fixed July 15 for nominations to 16 vacant seats in the Tamil north and the ethnically mixed Eastern province, including Trincomalee,
The seats fell vacant in late 1983 after the Government rushed a constitutional amendment following the antiTamil riots, requiring MPs to take an oath renouncing separatism. The Tamil United Liberation Front which had won all these seats in 1977 withdrew from parliament.
Mr. Appapillai Amirthalingam, the Tulf secretary-general, denounced the announcement as a 'political ploy' to 'deceive the World'.
Recent headlines in London papers
Colombo police swoop on Sinha lese rebels
Guardian, June 25. Jaffna Tamils give Indian aid workers a hero's welcome
Виаrdian, Jите 27. Gandhiwarns Sri Lanka as tension rises over relief aid
Guardian, July 2. Village fetes hide Colombotension
Guardian, July 4. Tamilskill 20 troops in night ambush
The Daily Telegraph, July 7.

Page 6
6TAMILTMES -
CAPITULATION TO U Bhandari Line On Sri La
. . . . . By PRAFUL BIDWAI
JUST AS New Delhi begins a critical round of consultations on the rapidly degenerating situation in Sri Lanka, reports have filtered in of U.S. involvement in last week's coup d'etat in distant Fiji. This is of course no more than a pure coincidence. But what is arresting about these reports is the story that Gen. Vernon Walters, currently the U.S. ambassador to the U.N., visited tiny Fiji shortly before the coup. Gen. Walters is no ordinary U.S. official, just as he is no common career diplomat.
Gen. Vernon Walters has long been regarded as possibly the most dangerous man in the state department. For over two decades, his visits to different parts of the globe have brought in the wake coups, spells of blood violence, recrudescence of ethnic strife and general political mayhem. Gen. Walters is not just a highranking covert action specialist. Before his appointment at the U.N. he was President Reagan's ambassador at large.
He has for years made crucial decisions about whether, how and how soon a pro-, western dictatorship or a U.S. puppet regime should replace a radical, nationalist or democratically elected third world government. Since the Brazilian coup of 1965 Gen. Walters' career can be traced in Asian, African and Latin American blood. His role is directly linked to some of the numerous discreet actions that make up Washington's plan to impose a new Pax Americana upon the world, to reshape it after its own image - with violence if necessary.
So how is Gen. Walters relevant to Sri Lanka or to the Indian policy on that country's ethnic crisis? And why should anyone, in particular South Block, officials, recall his well-publicised visit to: Sri Lanka in December 1984? The short, answer is that it is impossible to make any analysis of India's Sri Lanka policy without understanding U.S. interests in, perceptions of and plans for the South Asian region as a whole. Gen. Walters' role is inseparable from these. More of this later.
Too Plain
To start from the Indian end first, it is only too plain that South Block's Sri Lanka policy has run into a deep crisis. New Delhi, faced with the prospect of an all-out invasion of Jaffna and a gory bloodbath, is floundering from one formula to another; it continues to vacillate between supporting the Tamils and endorsing Colombo's half-hearted proposals for a solution. It has no grip over the situation, and little leverage over any of the actors in Sri Lanka. Right now it seems desperate to want to back the moderate TULF, at the cost of the militant groups who are the sole force of
resistance to Colomb northern Sri Lanka.
New Delhi's policy many phases, orienta the past four years. B divided into two peri violence of July 1983 and from early 1985 period was dominat Gandhi and her princi foreign affairs, Mr. G second has been shap Gandhi, principally Bhandari, foreign February 1985 and shortly thereafter cha cell on external affairs
On a surface view, the first period appo 'tough' line, while th the second seems t principal proposition particular the latters distortion of the re Bhandari line infact nosed, well-articulate promopted approac weaken and compron vis-a-vis those of the U
There are several Bhandari line. Firs leaning on the Tamil to push them towa Stand, and henc compromises with Co has meant selectivel them off against the all of them off ag elements of the TU involved lending bala Sri Lanka goverr junctures, while pla neutral mediatory ro been directed at polit Tamil resistance. A consisted in tolera watching the steady influence in Sri Lanka U.S. military influ involvement of the Is Mossad, as well as we the training of Sri La supply of arms to them It is not difficult to li these: the Indian S Thimpu talks in 1985: the Tamil militant gr them; the deporta rescinded) of Mr. A. the LTTE, and Mr. S of the Organisation f Tamils of Eelam from 1985; the Selective PLOT, then to TEL LTTE and more rece the quiet burial of An the attempt to coax into dropping their

JUNE 1987
s-ISRAEL DESIGNs
nka
o's depredations in
has gone through tions and shifts over ut broadly, it can be Dds: from the ethnic to the end of 1984, till now. If the first ed by Mrs. Indira pal policy adviser on . Parthasarathy, the ed, under Mr. Rajiv
by Mr. Romesh secretary between
March 1986, and irman of the AICC
Indian policy during 2ars to represent a e orientation during o be 'soft. Our here is that this, in tatement, is a gross ality and that the represents a harded and aggressively h that can only mise India's interests J.S. in the region. components to the t, it has involved militant groups so as irds a 'moderate' 2 into unviable lombo. Secondly, it y playing some of others, and at times inst the moderate LF. Thirdly, it has ncing Support to the ment at critical ying a supposedly le. Fourthly, it has ically disarming the ind finally, it has ing and passively growth of western . This includes overt lence and active raeli secret Service, Stern mercenaries in nkan troops and the l. st several indices of ponsorship of the the arm-twisting of oups into attending tion (subsequently S. Balasingham, of . C. Chandrahasan, or the Protection of Genocide in August supportient first to O, later Still to the ntly to the EPRLF; nexure C proposals; the militant groups insistence on Some
Romesh Bhandari
definition of a homeland; the backing lent to the vaguest of proposals for provincial autonomy; the Seizure last year of the LTTE's "unauthorised' telecommunication equipment in Madras and its subsequent return to the militants, accompanied by arrests that can only be described as political. All these add up to the most effective way of weakening and politically delegitimising Tamil militancy and thus decimating the guerillas bargaining power vis-a-vis President Jayawardenes forces in a life-and-death situation.
Logically, India's Sri Lanka policy must have two components: first protecting the Tamils legitimate interests within the framework of Sri Lanka; and secondly, preventing the entry and expansion of superpowers, in particular, U.S. influence in that country. All that has been described above is eloquent testimony to the failure of the Bhandari line on the first count. Its failure on the second is even more grave.
Consider the following. Since 1984, scores of Mossad men (one estimate says 100 or more) have trained thousands of Sri Lankan troops, including the elite Special Task Force headed by President Jayawardene's own son. Over the last four years, at least 140 western mercenaries have been drafted in to train, probably under Mossad's overall control, special units of the armed forces in sabotage and counter-insurgency operations. Over the
last four years, the size of the Sri Lankan
army has grown at least five times to 50,000; most of this expansion has taken place over the last two and a half years.
At the same time the Sri Lankan forces have become helplessly dependent upon western, Israeli and Pakistani Sources for the supply of arms and ammunition. The shells with which Jaffna has been pounded over the past three months, originate in Pakistan, which has also been involved in training on its own soil more than 150 Sri Lankan special troops. Sri Lanka has entered into a formal agreement to fuel U.S. warships at Trincomalee. And finally, the Tamil militants allege that

Page 7
JUNE 1987
Pakistani pilots are now flying Sri Lankan
planesin murderous sorties over Jaffna.
Given Sri Lankas size, this military involvement is by no means insignificant or small. It gives the West, through the agency of Mossad, considerable influence of a direct nature, on the Sri Lankan forces. Personal contacts with the armed forces, right from the early stages and at the highest level, can prove crucial not only in altering the relationship between the military and the political structure, but also in directing the former to accomplish specific tasks. Military influence of this kind has a 'sticky, semi-permanent character, it is difficult to dispel it under less strained circumstances. To put it simply, Mossador, more generally, the West as a whole, has virtually raised today's Sri Lankan army. It can safely be expected that they will not want to lose that influence, war or no war in Jaffna.
India has stood by and watched all this happen. Under the Bhandari line, this country has refused even to counter the all-too-obvious shift that has taken place over the past two years in the political rationalisation proffered by President Jayawardene for his military action. Earlier, Colombo used to castigate the Tamil militants as 'Secessionists, 'separatists and 'armed guerillas out to disrupt the unity of Sri Lanka. Over the past two years they have been consistently characterised as 'terrorists. This is neither innocent nor without consequence.
Terrorism' is part of the current Western ideological armoury, the use of which can justify any retaliatory measures, including the bombing of refugee camps, hospitals and schools, or torture, deportation and preventive detection - in other words, actions that are expressly forbidden by the Geneva conventions. Terrorism can be effectively used to turn ordinary people into sub-human beasts against whom any manner of attack is automatically justifiable because no human or civilised norms apply. Witness Israel's barbaric treatment of Palestinian refugees on the pretext of terrorism'.
It is entirely characteristic of the Bhandari line -itself marked by its affinity with the ideological armamentarium of the West - that it has passively accepted such characterisations and hence helped
depoliticise the Tamil Struggle for autonomy.
It is tempting to argue that an
important, if not the definitive. feature of India's Sri Lanka policy over the past two and a half years has been its apparently ad hoc, irresolute, inconsistent and incoherent character. Frequent and Sudden shifts in South Block's stance vis-a-vis
Colombo and the Sri Lanka Tamils, mutually contradictory statements showing up awkward efforts at
reconciliation, the drafting in of all manner of people as negotiators (the latest addition being Mr. Dinesh Singh). and the see-saw phenomenon so often in evidence in the handling of Tamil
militant, and moi support this view The inconsist herence are real Underlying ther continuity which that the Bhanda best understood elements. The undercurrent or Colombo vis-a-v acceptance of the resolution, as c Thus, the gover been allowed to now increasingly
Precise Effect
A second elemer depoliticisation a delegitimisation autonomy with treatment of som more than a simultaneous app have had that p acquiescence in tion of them a reinforced this.
A third elemei of the Bhandari li of, or frequent re. to the conflict. T President Jayawa finally opted for a but to argue th cannot effective which has a haer Lanka, or involve expeditions again
And the final most crucial - ele or yielding of g Israeli influence i has consistently fa could have helpe slide in Colombo the West. The orientation that S the Falklands wa significant count TOVenet tO Su only got reinfor years. Thus, whe for the constructi in Trincomalee wi be refuelled, Ne not, as might h protest against th bid (as it turned C for the contract.
Again, when th Chaim Herzog, November - and major exchanges Lankan officialso latter country as Indian response w aS Ot to matter Seem, New Delhi visit or the settin interest section (which has since commercial buildi Arab states, alt

TAMILTMES 7
lerate groups all tend to
encies and the incojust as they are visible. n, however, is a deep is reflected in the results ri line has yielded. It is as composed of four first is a long-term a subtle tilt in favour of is the Tamils and the terrain of conflict and its efined by the former. ment of Sri Lanka has seize the initiative and is calling the shots.
t of the continuity is the nd, to a certain degree, of the Tamil struggle for in Sri Lanka. The he militant groups as no
nuisance and the easement of Some others recise effect. The tacit Colombo's characterisaterrorists has only
it is the basic incapacity ne to prevent the pursuit sort to a military solution his is not to Suggest that rdene's government has purely military Solution, at the Bhandari policy ly counter a strategy norrhaging effect on Sri 's any number of military St Tamil civilians. - and geopolitically the ement is the capitulation round to Western and n Sri Lanka. New Delhi ailed to make moves that ed prevent a dangerous 's foreign policy towards kind of pro-Western ri Lanka showed during r – and it was the only ry in the non-aligned pport the British - has ced over the past five in tenders were floated on of a oil storage depot here the U.S. fleet would w Delhi's response was ave been expected, to e move, but to make a ut, an unsuccessful one)
e Israeli president, Mr. visited Colombo last there were at least four between Israeli and Sri ministers earlier, in the well as abroad - the as so meek and low-key , Amazing as it might chose not to take up the up of a special Israeli in the U.S. Embassy
moved to a separate ng in Colombo) with the hough it was widely
expected that it would do so. Similarly, South Block missed several other opportunities, such as those presented by the Islamic Summit in January this year, to lobby the more anti-Israeli Arab states against the Colombo-Tel Aviv link and to provide a counterpoint to Gen. Zia-ulHaq's open championship of the Sri Lankan government's cause in a variety of fora.
New Delhi's passivity, if it can be called that, has endured in spite of some more recent events such as the bomb blasts on the Trincomalee highway and in Colombo last month, which point to well-trained saboteurs. The charge made by the proSinhala Sri Lankan Freedom Party as well as the Sri Lankan left that it was Mossad and mot Tamil extremists who was behind the “inside job' is hard to refute, although no hard evidence is available to prove it.
The two blasts fit perfectly into a pattern that is now only too familiar in covert action and destabilisation programmes undertaken by the American CIA and Mossad in country after third world country. One only has to read Noam Chomsky and Edward S. Herman's The Washington Connection & Third World Fascism, Philip Agee's Inside The Company and Victor Marchetti and John D. Marks' The CIA And The Cult of Intelligence to see what these patterns are. What is of special concern to us is the likely consequences of Western and Israeli manoeuvres in Sri Lanka and changes in Colombo's foreign policy orientation for the South Asian region.
Our principal proposition here is that the policy changes, political shifts and military or covert manoeuvres in Sri Lanka - to the emergence and development of which the Bhandari line has contributed so much, albeit indirectly - are such as would dovetail neatly into the American strategy plan for this region.
To put it simply, that plan is based as much on weakening and limiting India's position in South Asia as on drawing other countries, principally Pakistan and Sri Lanka, into the U.S. fold or 'strategic consensus'. The prominent position accorded to Pakistan in the U.S. CENTCOM (Central Command) structure extending all the way from the Persian Gulf to Thailand, as well as the latest U.S. economic and military aid package constitute a major plank of the policy. Its other major planks are one, to ensure that India's role in the region is confined to its borders and to keep New Delhi under constant pressure, both regional and domestic; and two, to reshape Sri Lankas political role and foreign policy so as to bring them into alignment with the Western bloc and with U.S. strategic interests in particular.
The long-term Strategic interest of the U.S. in Sri Lanka is considerable. It is best exemplified by Trincomalee, än exceptionally well-endowed harbour, with a natural mountain protective cover that is the naval strategist's dream. The very location of Trincomalee, which poten
continued on page 8

Page 8
8 TAMILTIMES
WASHINGTON-Rep. Mervyn Dymally (D-Calif.) this week praised India's supply drop to Sri Lanka as a humanitarian effort and condemned Sri Lankan Army actions on the Jaffna peninsula.
Dymally also called for a congressional delegation to the north of the island to determine the extent of civilian deaths in the absence of U.S. media reports on the conflict,
"I feel that the humanitarian effort by Mr. Rajiv Gandhi deserves a great deal of commendation, 'Dynally told IndiaWest in a telephone interview June 8. "In my judgement the Sri Lankan government left him with no other alternative. '
Congressman Dymally, the second ranking Democratic member of the Asian and Pacific Affairs Subcom
Rep. Dym
ally Lau
mittee of the Hou Committee, said within the bounds of "Crises that dema Cannot be viewed violations of interna India-West. He calle positive step" wh alleviate the suffer population."
Dymally gave a Congress on the sit and issued a press r he is planning an ur India and Sri Lan | Concerns of the U.S governments.
"In India, I will ur Rajiv Gandhi to cont efforts despite this peace in the region," "In Sri Lanka, I w government the ne means to resolve t because there is ni successful militarys offensive only coi Conviction that their within Sri Lankan so merely strengther separation."
While in Sri Lanka he intends to witne impact of the civil v
Sequence leading to Indian
over Jaffna
THE FOLLOWING is a brief sequence of events leading to the air-drop over Jaffna,
Jan 2: India conveys concern to Sri Lanka over the “serious and grim situation following blockade.
Jan 6: Fuel ban chokes life in Jaffna. Lankan Internal Security Minister Lalith Athulathmudali says, "it is a non-military option Tamil LTTE leader V. Prabakaran reported to have returned to Jaffna.
Jan 7: Vital drugs, oxygen cylinders seized by Lankan forces, vegetable and fuelwood prices soar, bus services cut, people move on bullockCartS. &
Jan 8: Lankan airforce helicopters strafe Jaffna, killing four. Jaffna shelled for third day - army occupies area outside Jaffna fort.
Jan 9: Heavy fighting in Jaffna.
Jan 12: Fuel embargo immobilises 6.600 cars, 6,000 motor-cycles, 1,000 power-tillers, 664 lorries, says Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE).
Jan 13: Tamils face starvation - says LTTE. Jan 14: Tamil new year festival Pongal marked by despair in Jaffna - kerosene sells at Rs. 25 per litre. petrol at Rs. 100 per litre.
Jan 15: Government workers picket-offices, protest embargo,
Jan 16: Students protest fuel blockade.
Jan 18: 6 militants killed, 19 die in Lanka fighting.
Jan 30: 200 civilians General Strike in Jaffna.
Feb 3: Troops moved t
Feb 18: Bomb blast k Jaffna,
Feb 8: 39 die in Lanka (
April 17: 107 Sinha Trincomalee.
May 13: Helicopters st
May 16: Indian Envo Lanka over plans for fina
May 17:50 Tamils die off.
May 26: 100 killed asfi.
May 30: Hundreds Vadamarachi. Jaffna Tar
June 1: India to ship r objects, sends Ministert Jaffna.
June 2: Lanka says it Lankan PM says aid violence.
June 3: India decides from Rameswaram in carrying humanitarian I and medicines, to Ja decision and prepares warns India of consequet
June 4: India goes ahe mission ends. Lanka lifts
 

JUNE 1987
is Jaffna Air Drop
se Foreign Affairs india's action was Finternational law. and human resolve in any way as tional law," he told d the airlift a "very ich will help “to ing of the civilian
speech June 3 in uation in Sri Lanka elease stating that gent official visit to (a to convey the . Congress to both
ge Prime Minister inue his mediation major setback for said Dymally.
till impress on the ed to use peaceful he ethnic conflict, o such thing as a olution. This latest nfirms the Tamil chance of equality ciety is minimal. It is the case for
, Dymally says that iss, first hand, the var on the civilian
population and to determine the fate of fa m i | i es Of A m e r i Can Tam i constituents.
European and Indian news sources estimate that the Sri Lankan Army, which is dominated by the Sinha lese majority, has killed between 200 and 500 civilian men, women and children of the Tamil minority since launching a military offensive late last month.
"The Sri Lankan government prohibits access not just to reporters but also to such humanitarian organisations as the Red Cross and Amnesty International," Dymally noted. "The government maintains this closed door policy despite international pleas to at least allow humanitarian groups to have access. That Secrecy is a major reason we can only estimate the civilian casualties."
Dymally observed that while the government of President Junius Jayawardene has been emphasising a negotiated settlement in its public statements, it has apparently been intent on pursuing the military option all along.
"This is a grave miscalculation," said Dymally. "It will not lead to a settlement; rather it will only serve to undermine the moderates and polarise the Tamil majority, destroying any hope of a lasting settlement."
mission
killed, says LTTE,
o Jaffna.
(ills 61 near village in
offensive in Jaffna.
lese shot dead mear
rafe Jaffna, 3 killed.
ly conveys concern to
offensive.
in air raids, Jaffna cut
nal offensive begins.
of Tamils killed in mils face Starvation.
elief to Jaffna - Lanka o China - exodus from
will defend its waters. decision will lead to
to send relief flotilla Indian Tamil Nadu elief Supplies of food ffna. Lanka protests for naval blockade,
CeS.
iad, air-drops Supplies, fuel embargo,
Bhandari Line on Sri Lanka
continued from page 7 tially gives it command over a vast area from West Asia through South Asia and the Indian Ocean to Southeast Asia, makes it more valuable than many Subic Bays and Guams put together. It follows that the U.S. would flinch from few actions that are essential to the promotion of its strategic interests in the region, even if they have a slow haemorrhaging effect on Sri Lanka and produce thousands of civilian casualties.
It is apparent that the U.S. drafted in Mossad to do at least a part of its job in Sri Lanka. That is probably when Gen. Walters and the Israeli contacts come in.
From the foregoing conclusion it is inescapable that the Bhandari policy complements and fits in tightly with the overall U.S. strategy for Sri Lanka and South Asia. It is irrelevant whether it was designed and crafted as such. It does not also matter what the intention and motives of its author were or are. The point is that never before has a major South Block policy on the South Asian region had the degree of convergence with U.S. strategic interests that marks the Bhandari line.
India's Sri Lanka policy has not merely been a failure and an embarrassment. It has without doubt been a major disaster when seen in the context of India's interests in contraposition to U.S.
strategic plans. By courtesy of Times Of India", May 19 & 20, 1987.

Page 9
JUNE 1987
Jayawardene's
impossible
INDIA IS NOT WILLING to resume its mediatory role in Sri Lanka because it considers the latest Colomb Minister Rajiv Gandhi's message to President Jay
unsatisfactory.
Its sense of dismay at Sri Lankan procrastination is reflected in India's refusal to respond to Mr. Jayawardene's message. Not only is no reply being sent immediately, any move for a ministeriallevel dialogue, even if made, is also unwelcome.
This is being made clear to Sri Lanka through diplomatic channels, but the possibility of a formal communication being sent until the Sri Lanka Army halts its anti-Tamil operations in the Eastern province and Jaffna is ruled out.
Not being a direct party to the dispute, but as one who made its good offices available to end the conflict, India considers the proposition that it "underwrite the implementation of any agreement" as totally unacceptable. It is made clear that India had offered to mediate to pull the Sri Lankan Government out of a difficult situation but has no direct interest in the conflict. By seeking peace on its own terms and by imposing a military solution, Colombo has made it impossible for India to resume mediation.
India's position remains the same, as stated in its communication to Mr. Jayawardene on February 9, that if the Sri Lankan Government continues the economic blockade and military opera
tions against Tamils, prospects of violence
will increase. India's assessment is that the conflict will be prolonged and will escalate.
It has been noted here with concern that since January 28 over 500 Tamils have been killed by the Sri Lankan forces, of them about 200 in Batticaloa alone. A massacre of such proportion of civilian population was having its repercussions on the Tamils in Tamil Nadu and the Sri Lankan refugees in that State. It had also put the Government of India in an awkward position and convinced it that Colombo was trying to consolidate its position militarily regardless of the suffering of Tamils.
Attention is also drawn to President Jayawardene's address to the Sri Lankan Parliament which ruled out chances of India resuming its mediatory role. Not only did Mr. Jayawardene reject the conditions set forth by Mr. Rajiv Gandhi, he also proposed a set of his own conditions which rule out, in practical terms, any Indian mediation except on Colombo's terms. Mr. Gandhi wanted the military offensive to end and economic blockade to be lifted. It also urged Mr. Jayawardene to stand-by his December 19 proposals.
But his response was not as was expected, confirming the impression that the hardliners in the Government were spoiling for a military solution. Mr.
Jayawardene’s re involved and an Delhi.
Mr. Jayaward handed to Mr. ) Commissioner w
1. If the arm agree to ce operations a preparations activity aimes interferring wi tration of th announced by of Sri Lanka v armed forces further militar during this peri
2. When ho of para 1 abov movement of now in force i will be lifted.
2.(a) If the attend talks w of the Gover towards a pea ethnic proble may be held i assistance of the Indian
Caroline Mo
Amnest
STORIES OF T ment, torture
detainees, hel involvement wi continuing to co
The cases of m have "disappeare past 2% years are a new report by Ar The human rig about the growir torture during int a means of extra arbitrary killings security forces.
More than 3,00 prisoner by the some 2,500 of th, near Galle on th reported to arrive inflicted during to camp they face illSanitary condi detainees suffer fi chicken pox, mur per cent of them MVorms, centipped have been foundi Since families C trying to trace m

TAMILTME
Peace
V
in the ethnic conflict o response to Prime awardene as wholly
sponse has grown more embarrassment for New
enes six point response . N. Dixit, Indian High
S.
ed separatists (LTTE) :ase armed violent nd related military and desist from any at Setting up, or th, the legal adminise area, and this is them, the Government would ensure that the will not carry out any y operations in the area od.
stilities cease, in terms e, the embargo (on the certain commodities), n the Jaffna peninsula
LTTE is prepared to ith the representatives 'nment of Sri Lanka aceful solution of the m, appropriate talks in New Delhi with the the representatives of
Government. The
Government of Sri Lanka expects the Government of Indiar to underwrite the implementation of any agreement so reached.
3. Upon the armed separatists giving up their arms - a vital step in strengthening the civil administration - a general amnesty will be given to them by the President of Sri Lanka.
4. When talks towards a peaceful solution of the ethnic problem commence, the Government of Sri Lanka will release those persons now held in custody under the Prevention of Terrorism Act who have no charges against them.
5. In all these proceedings the
mediatory role and the good offices of the Government of India are relevant. The Government of Sri Lanka reaffirms that the results of the discussions held so far, including the proposals of December 1986, will be the basis for evolving a durable Solution.
6. The Government of Sri Lanka is agreeable to an early date being fixed for the negotiations.
The LTTE, with whom the Sri Lankan Government wants to negotiate, has rejected the proposals.
Mr. Jayawardene 's. December 19 proposals on which India wants the Sri Lankan President to stand firm are:
"The present territory comprising the Eastern province minus the Amparai Electorate (electoral district) may constitute the new Eastern Province. A Provincial Council will be established for the new’ Eastern Province.
orehead comments in "THE TIMES" (22 June) on y Reports of hundreds of Tamils Tortured
HE persistent harassand death of Tamil ld on suspicion of ith armed groups, are
me out of Sri Lanka.
ore than 500 Tamils who d" after arrests during the being publicised today in nnesty International.
thts group is concerned ng number of reports of errogation, apparently as cting confessions, and of of those detained by the
0 Tamils are being held Sri Lankan authorities, em at Boosa army camp e south coast. They are showing signs of injuries rture, and once inside the treatment and humiliation. tions are atrocious and rom dysentery, diarrhoea, nps and measles. Ninety are said to have scabies. es, maggots and Weevils n the food.
ften spend many months issing relations, Amnesty
insists that its list of 519 "disappeared" Tamils is probably far from complete. The organisation is appealing to President Jayawardene to act swiftly to set up an impartial and independent inquiry and to consider keeping a central register of arrested people and where they are being held.
Last September, Amnesty published a report on 271 Tamil men and one woman who were reported to have "disappeared". Since then the whereabouts of only four have been revealed-two are being held in a prison camp, one is said to have been released, and one is dead, shot by the security forces. There is no news of the other 268.
Meanwhile, Amnesty has learnt of 247 other Tamils - most of them young men, but also a few elderly men, four women, and 10 children between the ages of 3 and 15 - who have gone missing after being seized in the Eastern Province by members of the Special Task Force commando unit. Almost all of the 247 cases listed include a sworn statement, often by an eye-witness, of their arrest.
There is also strong evidence of systematic torture, sometimes leading to death. Detainees are said to be hung by their thumbs and beaten with iron rods.

Page 10
10 TAMILTIMES
India's Aid To The Beleag
Soviet Leader Mikhail G
Travails and Oppress
"OPERATION POOMALAI" (Garland of Flowers) as Force mercy mission over Jaffna was called, tookte and just overan hour to execute with the transporta out by flying over large areas in the Jaffna peninsul
the Sri Lankan army.
"Though we had very short notice, you have seen the results - the dropping was accurate and successful," the Vice-Chief of Air Staff, Air Marshal S. Raghavendran, told reporters here.
He said the mercy mission had its moments of suspense and anxiety as contact was lost with the fliers for over 20 minutes while over Sri Lankan territory. The Air Marshal clarified that seven transport aircraft and four Mirage 2000 jet aircraft took part in the mission. Five AN-328 dropped the supplies and two other transport aircraft were used for communication relay with the operation control.
The consignment of supplies consisted of 25 tons of rice, wheat, pulses, sugar, tea and medicines.
An official spokesman said that the Sri Lankan High Commissioner, Bernard Tilakratene was summoned to the Ministry of External Affairs and told India was sending the Supplies by air following Sri Lanka's refusal to allow the Indian flotilla to reach Jaffna.
The spokesman also said "the relief supplies being sent to Jaffna by air have been inspected by a number of Indian and foreign journalists, some of whom are to fly in the transport aircraft."
Asked why India had taken this step, officials said in Bangalore "we feel there is an urgent need to reach food and other essentials to the suffering and be leaguered population of Jaffna."
The morning after the air-dropping of medicines on June 5, the mood in official circles here was not one of euphoria or jubilation but of how to put the India-Lanka relations back on an even keel.
Informed sources said New Delhi would take Sri Lanka on its word on the issue of discussing modalities of providing relief to Tamils in Jaffna.
The Opposition parties and Rajiv Gandhi's Congress-I lauded the Premier's decision to air-drop the goods in Sri Lanka.
Russel Rollason, Executive Director, Australian Overseas for Overseas Aid, has praised India's action to provide humanitarian assistance to the victims of the ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka, particularly the Tamils.
In a telex message to Prime Minister Rajiv
Gandhi, Rollason said " continue to act to en needed assistance rea added that the reports Lanka were a matter many Australian a government overseas ai The Congress () government's deci humanitarian aid beleaguered Jaffna "timely and posit action."
The General Sec India Congress Cor Antony, said: "We spectator to the gen place in Jaffna and it
GoRBA
the leader of the Telu largest opposition pa Said the internatic particularly India, C passive spectators violations in Sri Lank. India should keep i helping the people ol Sri Lankan governme military offensive in \ civilians are report killed, he said.
"This was guided Considerations alor Soviet leader.
Tiwari drew Gorb to the steady increas Sri Lankan Tamils : India.
 

JUNE 1987
ered Tamils of Sri Lanka
Orbachev informed of iOn Of Eelam Tamils
the Indian Air 'n hours to plan aircraft daring it a, controlled by
we hope that you will Isure that the much ches the victims." He emanating from Sri of grave concern to nd several nonld groups. party said that the sion to air-drop to Sri Lanka's peninsula was a ive humanitarian
'retary of the All mmittee (), A. K. cannot be a silent ocide that is taking s surroundings."
CHEW
Igu Desma Party, the arty in Parliament, onal community, :ould not remain of human rights 3.
ts options open in
had "displayed a perfect understanding of
FJaffna, where the 2nt has launched a which hundreds of ed to have been
by humanitarian le," he told the
achev's attention e in the number of seeking refuge in
Tiwari and Gorbachev also discussed Pakistan's efforts to acquire Early Warning, Air-borne Warning and Control System (AWACS) aircraft.
Tiwari briefed the Soviet leader on India's efforts to normalise relations with China.
The Opposition Janata Party, in a statement issued here, reiterated its appeal to the Indian Government to take effective steps to end the Sri Lankan government's blockade of the Jaffna peninsula and bring the concerned parties in the island nation's ethnic conflict to the negotiating table.
The leader of the Lok Dal (Ajit Faction) Party, Dr. Subramaniam Swamy, told a rally protesting near the Sri Lanka High Commission here against the "genocide" in the island state that as many as 1300 Tamils had been killed last week by the rampaging Lankan army.
Welcoming the Indian government's move to rush aid to the beleaguered Jaffna town, Dr. Swamy said the shipments should continue on a regular basis. In the event of the Sri Lankan navy interferring, the Government should send armed escorts, he added.
Dr. Swamy aid the demand for a Tamil Eelam (Homeland) was fully justified as the Sri Lankans were refusing to share power with Tamils who he said were the original in habitants of the island, Indian media, too, lauded New Delhi's decision to airdrop relief supplies to Jaffna, describing it as a new found resolve to act in the face of Colombo's military operations.
"It is futile for anyone in Colombo and elsewhere to believe that a government in power in Delhi can remain indifferent to the sufferings of the Tamils in Sri Lanka."
葵
Gorbachev Apprised Of The Situation
Indian EXterna | Affairs Minister N. D. Tiwari who is now on a visit to Moscow said that Soviet Leader Mikhail Gorbachev
our analysis of the Sri Lankan situation."
The Indian airlift of emergency food and medical supplies to the civilian population of Jaffna was discussed at a 90-minute meeting here.
Briefing Gorbachev on the situation in Sri Lanka, Tiwari said: "Our effort at humanitarian aid was rejected by Sri Lanka and we had to transport relief supplies by air in an entirely peaceful manner.'

Page 11
'Operation Liberat
UNENDINGS REFUGEESP RAMESW
ళ్ల * x:i.*išsi Young and old fle available
Yet another 'war' thousands in the Ta She was, however, f with her children fro
Childrens horrific bu
A Child at Pu | Hospital, but airforce ince attack.
Some of the victims of the thre Jafna
 
 
 
 
 
 

TAMILTIMES 11,
u
on liberates them all
TREAM OF OUR INTO ARAM
widow, one of mil homelands. ortunate to flee m the invaders.
Iffer
rns
Oly ned in an
ndiary
e-pronged military assault on the peninsula

Page 12
12TAMILTIMES
Freedom and Justice
'Wetherefore set ourselves a new goal - the creation of a New Society, based on human and moral values'. Thus proclaimed the UNP Manifesto before the general elections of 1977. President Jayawardene in Parliament in September 1977 announced his 'dream of creating a just and free society'. Within a decade he has wiped out 'freedom' and justice' from the face of Sri Lanka and in his 'new society' human values have crumbled.
The Constitution of 1978 effectively enthroned President Jayawardene as dictator of Sri Lanka. His actions since then leave no doubt that he manipulated the political process in
order to install himself on the highest
power.
Violence Unleashed
The Tamils who were left battered by the Bandaranaike government were given the 'Jayawardene treatment' immediately after the 1977 general elections. w
Violence by mobs aided by the security forces was directed against the Tamils, and over 300 Tamils were killed. While the Tamils were being murdered, President Jayawardene made a statement in Parliament challenging the Tamils: "If you want to fight, let there be a fight, if you want peace let there be peace'. This statement encouraged the hoodlums to continue the atrocities with greater enthusiasm. Then President Jayawardene elevated himself by the 1978 constitution as the Head of State, Head of the Executive and Government and Commander in Chief of the armed forces.
Torture Sanctioned
President Jayawardene gave official sanction to torture in 1979 directing Brigadier Weeratunga 'to eliminate terrorism in all its forms from the island and more so specially from the Jaffna district'. This directive was a mandate for genocide of the Tamils. Emergency was declared and the army went berserk in the Streets of Jaffna assaulting, arresting and torturing the youths and killing some of them.
The power of the security forces over life and death of ordinary citizens was strengthened by the Prevention of Terrorism Act of 1979. This Act, described as a 'blot on the statute book
1977 -
of any civilised col been used to arrest t youths. Evidence of submitted by Amn and scores of Tamil butchered in custody
North Attacked
On 31 May, 1981, t and looted Jaffna. Se killed and property sively. The Jaffna with its 90,000 volun taken by President this regard, confirm that the whole government planne also spread to ot country leaving mar an interview imme violence, to a que would ban or banis talk about Eelam, P dene answered: 'I about it. I want Consciousness. It h (India Today, 15 Sepi
BY MAYA
In November Jayawardene directe the plantation Tami Vavuniya district. D around 1,000 soldier refugee settlements
the social servi Gandhiyam. The s destroyed, youths
tortured and women
Democracy Deth
While infusing terror the Tamils, Preside also set out to traditional democrat 1978 Certain OC employees were dep rights and in Octobe Leader Sirimavo Bar rights were remove seven years. Elect amended to prever from participating i Constitution was an Parliament a person from the Oppositior ment but the reverse In October 1982, wardene obtained letters of resignatic members of the UNF
 

JUNE 1987
1987
untry' by ICJ has housands of Tamil torture has been esty International
youths have been
f.
he army attacked 2veral Tamils Were damaged extenlibrary was burnt hes. No action was Jayawardene in ing the allegation operation was ed. The violence ner parts of the hy Tamils dead. In diately after the stion whether he h the people who resident Jayawarhave not thought to develop their has just started." tember 1981).
AN VIJE
1981, President ld his attention to refugees in the uring this month s descended upon and the offices of ce organisation settlements were arrested and harassed.
roned
into the hearts of nt Jayawardene
undermine the ic institutions... |ln :al government rived of their civic 1980 Opposition daranaike's civic d for a period of ion laws were it these persons in elections. The ended so that in could cross over to the Governwas not possible.
President Jaya
signed, undated
n from a 141 in Parliament, in
Parliament breaches
Order to stifle any dissension within the party.
Amendments were also enacted to Parliament (Powers and Privileges) Act empowering Parliament to punish anyone who in the opinion of its privileges. Editors of newspapers were punished under this Act. Rigorous censorship was imposed and certain newspapers were banned.
Crackdown on Trade Unions and Judges
In July 1980, when trade unions resorted to industrial action, President Jayawardene declared emergency and dismissed 40,000 workers, dealing a severe blow to the trade union rnOVennent.
Now it was time for President Jayawardene to interfere with the judiciary. When thugs surrounded the homes and abused the judges who had delivered judgements against police officers for breach of fundamental rights, President Jayawardene declared: "When judiciary fails, people's representatives take action' (Island, 30.3.84). He later ordered the promotion of police officers found guilty of breach of fundamental rights (Paul Sieghart).
Referendun
A referendum was conducted in December 1982 to extend the life of Parliament by another 6 years. During the referendum thugs were installed at every polling booth to prevent opposition supporters from voting and key opposition organisers were arrested and held in custody during the Campaign.
In addition to the draconian Prevention of Terrorism Act, Emergency Regulation 15A was brought into force which empowered security forces to dispose of dead bodies in secret. After worldwide condemnation this was replaced by regulations 55B55F which actually made the position WOSe.
Genocidal Massacre
In July 1983, President Jayawardene announced: 'I am not worried about the opinion of the Jaffna people. Now We cannot think of them, not about their lives or their opinion' (Daily Telegraph, 11.7.83).
After this announcement, the Tamils

Page 13
JUNE 1987
were subject to the worst genocidal massacre in the history of Sri Lanka. More than 2,000 Tamils were killed and vasts amount of property were destroyed. 52 Tamil political prisoners were clubbed to death in jail. The security forces joined in arson, murder, rape and looting. There was evidence that the pogrom had been master-minded by elements within the government. President Jayawardene allowed violence to Continue for four days and on the 5th day appeared on television declaring that he was giving in to the 'clamour and natural request of the Sinhala people' and detailed his planned legislation for banning separatist movements without offering even a word of sympathy to the Tamils. In consequence renewed violence was directed against the Tamils the next day with greater ferocity.
While violence raged in the country President Jayawardene ensured that the 6th Amendment to the Constitution was enacted, requiring all to take an oath disavowing separatism.
The TULF which had received a mandate for the formation of a separate state refused to subscribe and its members lost their seats in Parliament. Thus the last opportunity for the Tamils to participate in the democratic process was removed and President Jayawardene's scheme to rid the Tamils succeeded. In an interview to the New Internationalist he said, 'I know they say I am a strategist and a schemer. But you cannot be a leader unless you scheme - not in politics, or in war, or in any human affair' (The Week, 14-20 August, 1983).
In 1984, the army continued its spree of killing Tamils and destruction of property. During the year nearly 2,000 Tamils were killed by the security forces and the Sinhalese civilians armed by the government and 10,500 arrests were made. To make easier the task of murder and mayhem by the security force, the government established Prohibited Zones in the Tamil areas, where fishing was banned affecting 200,000 Tamil fishermen.
Militarisation Y Contrary to his promise of creating a free society, President Jayawardene began expanding the armed forces in a clear attempt to establish a military state to consolidate and continue his position as dictator. Perpetual emergency in force for the last four years has assisted President Jayawardene in this task and to resort to illegal and criminal means under its cover.
An Israeli interests Section was opened in the American Embassy and the Israeli Shin Bet agents and British SAS soldiers became directly involved in the war against the Tamils. The economy was sustained on foreign aid while enormous amounts were
allocated for
expenditure
million rupees rupees in 198 92% Of a|| fO were purchase and military v Sri Lanka wh policy of apa began receivi from that same Force was est Guard units we
-
By courtesy of "Th. (lnternational Editi
The military considerable s the external de 1986 rising to and the deve country has be the stupendo expenditure b destruction of
Massacre C
In 1985, the se than 3,500 Ta arreStS. Amné other human Continued to Jayawardene | violations, bui deafears.
lgnoring the Jayawardene mission to a countries. A CC atThimpu. The at this Confere genocidal atta the Tamils wh proceeding. Af tOne of Pr became mena he declared, ' military probl problem has t and further we difficult to har off food and S and flush outth He took an o
 

defence (the defence increased from 560 in 1978 to 12,421 milion 5 which is equivalent to reign financing). Arms ed from other countries /ehicles were acquired. nich had Criticised the rtheid in South Africa ng military equipment e country. A Special Task ablished and the Home
retrained in Pakistan.
e Hindu ', on June 6, 1987
expenditure has caused strain on the economy, ebt outstanding in 1985rupees 113,307 million opment of the whole een affected not only by us increase in defence ut also by the continued Tamil property.
ontinues
Curity forces killed more mils and made 14,900 2sty International and rights organisations appeal to President regarding human rights these appeals fell on
ese requests President embarked on a peace ppease the aid donor onference was arranged proposals of the Tamils 2nce were rejected and cks were mounted on ile the conference was ter the receipt of aid the esident Jayawardene cing. In December 1985 The Tamil problem is a lem and any military o be tackled militarily' 2nt on to add, 'It is not dle Jaffna. We Can Cut upplies to the Peninsula he terrorists'.
penly anti-Indian stance
TAMILTMES 13
and announced a terrifying fate for the Tamils: "If the government of India wants to invade they can take over Sri Lanka in less than 24 hours and arrest me. But if that happens then all the Tamils living among the Sinhalese will befinished." (India Today, 15. 12.85).
In January 1986, President Jayawardene declared that he was opting for a military solution (The Island, 26, 1.86). Throughout the year he continued to cry about a military solution while the troops massacred more than 3,500 Tamils and made more than 10,000 arrests. Aerial bombing of the Tamil areas was intensified killing scores of people, including women and children, and damaging houses, temples and hospitals. Meanwhile Amnesty International was concerned about disappearances of Tamils and reported 272 cases in its September 1986 Report on Disappearances (in a recent report another 216 have been reported).
in May 1986, President Jayawardene sounded a warning, 'If the Delhi proposals are rejected, i will un leash the troops. I can and will wipe out this trouble in a month.' (The Guardian, 12.5.86). He talked often about democracy being at peri in the island from other elements, while he himself was the prime cause for smashing the very foundations of democratic institutions. At a religious gathering in May 1986 he said: 'Terrorism is no longer ethnic but an attempt to installa communist dictatorship by force and destroy Sri Lanka's democratic form of government." (Daily Telegraph, 19.5.86). As announced earlier President Jayawardene unleashed the troops on the people of Jaffna when an opportunity arose in 1987.8,000 troops moved into the Jaffna peninsula with air cover killing more than 600 civilians. The air force bombed temples and other buildings where civilians were advised to take shelter and the troops raped women and plundered property. 4,000 youths were arrested and taken to the deep south where already several have been slaughtered in custody. Due to the timely intervention of India greater disaster was prevented.
Death and Destruction
President Jayawardene promised a new society where justice and freedom would prevail but within a decade of his reign he has sown misery, death and destruction to the Tamils and Sinhalese alike. Sri Lanka has seen more suffering than in any period of its recent history and to that extent President Jayawardene should be regarded as the man who created the greatest suffering in the shortest time. He threatens to continue and extend the life of Parliament by yet another referendum.
God help Sri Lankal

Page 14
14TAMILTIMES
The Army Chief of Staff, General Cyril Ranatunga, said he had Ordered the suspension of the operation. Hinting that the military campaign might be resumed. General Athulath muda li said: "We don't have enough troops to do everything at Once." The army has just nine trained infantry battalions. About 3,500 troops have been Committed to the peninsula campaign not counting the garrisons holding strong-points before it started. Others are tied down in the eastern provinces around Trincomalee and Batticaloa, where the rebels are also active.
There are 850,000 Tamils in the Jaffna area alone. Even after the arrest of up to 10,000 men of military age, the Tigers have ample reserves of sympathisers. The army is believed to be vulnerable to guerrilla infiltration of recently recaptured areas. The Tigers are said to have about 4,000 active members, of whom perhaps a quarter are well-armed and trained.
Colombo has strong diplomatic motives for calling off the army, with just seven days to go to a meeting of foreign ministers of the South Asia Association for Regional Co-operation (SAARC). The Government hopes to use the meeting in New Delhi to launch a diplomatic Counter-offensive against India, which last week dropped relief supplies by parachute on the Jaffna peninsula.
(The Guardian, 11 June)
兴 长
in the war wearied peninsula, home of the 850,000 Tamils, there was evident relief. If what some reporters saw in the town of Puloli is representative of the whole region there is much work to be done to rebuild the physical, social and economic fabric,
(The Daily Telegraph, 11 June)
兴 兴 兴
India fears that widespread bombing and Tamil civilian deaths in Jaffna, or an unsatisfactory forced settlement of the basic Tamil ethnic issue, could lead to disturbances in Tamil Nadu which itself once had its own separatist movement. On a domestic level, Mr Gandhi also needs the political support of the state government of Tamil Nadu, particularly in India's presidential election next month. Faced with what many of its leaders and diplomats believe are foreign attempts to destabilise it and to slow down its economic and political development into a global power, India emerges as a proudloner.
"The world has never stood on Our side when we have been in trouble-look at what happened over Kashmir with Pakistan or the war with China. If we always waited for clearance Certificates from the world, we would never protect Our interests," says senior Delhi diplomat. (Financial Times, 11 June)
米 兴 关
The going had not been easy for the military - under strict orders to ensure that civilian casualties were kept to the minimum. The rebels, who avoided direct confrontation with the troops except at heavily fortified positions, had intensively mined and booby trapped the whole area, causing 90% of casualties among the
government troops,
(Far Eastern Economic Review, 11 June)
兴 兴 *
Feelings in India's southern Tamil Nadu state have been running high, and the state recently collected public donations of Rs. 30 million (US$ 2.3 million) for civilian relief to the beleaguered Tamils in the Jaffna peninsula.
(Far Eastern Economic Review, 11 June)
WHAT THE WO)
The president of the Human Rights Commi Raj, in a cable to the F Rajiv Gandhi today saic Tamils in the U.S., the CC its deepest appreciatic action authorised by humanitarian relief ope Tamils in Sri Lanka'. palam, president of Association, issued a Sta gratitude to Mr. Gand, food and medical suppli (The Hindu (Internation
兴 兴
The Prime Minister, Mr. F Central Government must taking this bold and imagi! policy Course - the wider must not be underestimated that there is a total Oppositi the content and spirit of the a (The Hindt
兴 兴
According to lndian pi 1984 about 100 agents service Mossad have Lankan special service President's son in me 'terrorists.' The bomb Jaffna and the surrou made in Pakistan, v according to certain sou pilots.
('New Tim
Of WO
兴 兴
Having caught the Tiger by is unlikely to let go. But the New Delhi may decide to ir innocent Tamils Continues. service chiefs have already
兴 兴
Two hours after the ai long the harshest critic in Colombo's battle aga demanded that the S emergency meeting to action. He followed th public speeches saying were probably a rehears
(Far Eastern Econor
兴 兴
Any attempt by Sri Lanka o dropping of relief supplie forthcoming Ministerial mee Association for Regional CO be strongly opposed by India
(The Hindu,
兴
New Delhi's attempts t efforts sank in the seas as Sri Lankan na val vess the flotilla to enter the waters. in Colombo, characteristically hig/ stands firm. Flotillagoe banner headline in government newspap burst as Sri Lankan, "victory against what derisively des-cribed a diplomacy".
That India had burn badly, was all too evide
 
 

JUNE 1987
Tanni MVelfare and ttee, Dr. Benjamin prime Minister, Mr. , "On behalf of the mmittee expresses on of the positive you to carry out rations to save the Mr. Sri hilaiarithe Eelam armi atement expressing hi for air-dropping
S.
alEdition), 13 June)
景
lajiv Gandhi, and the be congratulated for native, and yet Sober, implications of which - and it is heartening on Consensus backing Ction. 1, editorial, 13 June)
兴
ress reports, since of the sraeli secret been training Sri troops led by the thods of fighting ps now falling on nding areas were while the planes, rces, have Pakistani
es", A Soviet Weekly rld Affairs, 15 June)
the tail, Jayawardene greater danger is that tervene if the killing of The cabinet and the discussed the Option.
(India Today, 15 June)
※
ir drop, Premadasa, of the Indian factor inst the separatists, AAFC Convene an discuss the Indian is up with several that the air drops sal for an invasion, nic Review, 18 June)
兴
r Pakistan to raise air
is over Jaffna at the
ting of the South Asian
-operation (SAARC) will
.
stan Times, 20 June)
兴
o high-profile its aid off the Jaffna coast sels refused to allowv 2 island's territorial
the reaction vivas
hly-strung. "Lanka s horme “ screameda the Sun, a pro
er. Crackers VVere s celebrated their
Orie COffertaiOr S India's "burn boat
bled, and bumbled nt in the gloom that
descended on South Block and in Tamil Nadu. For New Delhi the loss of face and prestige was far too serious to be dismissed lightly. Even in Colombo, the chauvinistic high was tinged with uncertainty and concern about what India's next move would be. Key pedple in the Sri Lankan Government tried frantically to get in touch with the three men they consider friends of Colombo -- Romesh Bhandari, Dinesh Singh and N. K. P. Salve - but without Success.
(India Today, 30 June)
兴 ※ 兴 Though the truth about the latest Sri Lankan army offensive - codenamed Operation Liberation - lies somewhere in between Colombo's claims and the propaganda of the Tigers, Colombo must clearly shoulder the blame for the situation having reached the present pass. In January, the Government decided to impose an economic blockade, including that of fuel, on the Jaffna peninsula. Colombo's reaction to New Delhi's requests to lift the blockade has been typical. On at least six Occasions, Colombo announced that it was lifting the blockade, but in reality what this meant was asking Jaffna inhabitants to lift petrol and kerosene from the army camps - akin to inviting the Tamils into the sion's den (India Today, 30 June)
* 兴 After the air drop, the distinction between Tamil Nadu and New Delhi has evaporated. Rajiv Gandhi is seen in New Delhi as going out of his way to please MGR. In the larger context, the direct result has been to convert what was a Sri Lankan ethnic problem into an Indo-Sri Lankan problem.
(India Today, 30 June)
笼 Predictably, the reaction in Tamil Nadu to India's air drop ranged from relief to rabid jingoism. While MGR himself pledged his government's support to the Centre for continuing help to the Sri Lankan Tamils, his DMK foe. M. Karunandhi urged New Delhi to adopt a "Cyprus-type solution"
(India Today, 30 June)
兴 火 3é.
What caused considerable concern in New Delhi and Tamil Nladu, ho Mvever, was the fate of 6,000-odd young Tamils who have been detained and taken away to army camps for interrogation. Most were students who had returned hone for holidays. Athulathmudali says that they will be released after the screening process, which largely means identification by hooded informers. Last week, the first batch of detainees was released indicating that Colombo has realised that their continued detention will lay them open to further charges of discrimination and terrorising of the Tamil population. The Indian High Commission had forwarded to New Delhi a long list of complaints by prominent Tamils in the north whose sons had been taken away. In Sri Lanka's surcharged atmosphere of suspicion and hostility, the fear that they might never be seen again is
omnipresent.
(India Today, 30 June)
兴 8 兴 The offensive escalated on May 26, when curfew was declared in the area and leaflets were dropped from helicopters warning civilians to move to 18 designated buildings, mainly churches and temples. Whether by accident or design, bombs have been dropped on temples and churches in which a large number of civilians have obviously died. (India Today, 30 June)

Page 15
JUNE 1987
eers to e o
WILL BRITISH PUBLIC OPINION remain silent if Mrs. Thatcher bombed Ulster because the IRA has its strongholds there? Should the Scottish Nationalist Party organise an armed uprising of SCOTS, will the world stand aside if Mrs. Thatcher terrorised the people of Scotland by aerial bombardment. I wonder,
ED:Note: A.R.Smith East is East and West is West... Peckham
米 米 米 米 T
A RECENT ISSUE OF The Observer stated that the Sinhalese armed forces are trying to help us, "Minority Tamils". The move is vicious. We do not regard ourselves as "Minority Tamils". We are all equal especially in our suffering, imposed on us by the Sinhala Terror state. Why does not the Sinhala goigama government attend to its own problems of caste and regions where many underclass Sinhalese suffer social humiliation and flagrant discrimination? We can look after our own affairs.
Vijay Paul Hayes
"THE PETTAH BOMB BLAST" is being blamed by some newspapers in the United States and Britain on the Tamil Resistance. There has not been a shred of evidence so far that any Tamil was involved. Mrs. Bandaranaike has alleged that the deed was "an inside job". When Sinhalese security forces are hunting Tamils as if they are appropriate wild life, why must these sectors of the media accuse the Tamil freedom fighters? Does not the deed resemble so much what has been happening in the West Bank?
V. R. Lingam Lusaka, Zambia
米 冰 米 · §
EVEN THE GREAT
HOMER NODS
ITV's second mistake in four Weeks
WOULD LIKE TO EXPLODE the myth, once and for all, that Tamils are recent immigrants to Sri Lanka. This mistake is made repeatedly, the last time on Channel 4 News. Tamils have been on the lsland for over 2,500 years - as long as, perhaps longer, than the Sinhalese. This fact was mixed up in the report with the arrival of the Tamil labour force, brought by the British from India in the 19th century.
What the Tamils want is not a new homeland, but to reclaim what was theirs before the coming of the British. The report blamed the Tamils for an incident in which Sinhalese had been killed, whereas there is considerable doubt as to whether Tamils were responsible. Even the former Prime Minister, Mrs. Bandaranaike has said that the Colombo bomb explosion appears to have been an inside job.
The pictures used in this and most other reports are supplied by the Sri Lankan Government, so what the British viewer is presented with is a distortion of the true situation in Sri Lanka.
Fr. Bernard Iruthayam on Channel 4 "Right to Reply" Saturday, June 6th, 1987
NM
Statemo Pres
The rec Lankan Gov nothing sho the Wanton of their prop
Many C Malaysian G number of th Many Tamil Jaffna, have
We, as politics of at Our Outrage indisciplinec
The ethr will have to concerned. children is de
We are, affairs of at INTERNAL F humanitaria share the sar
We urge and in partic to bring this
4th June, 1987
PEAC|
Friends of
The Peace Mari the U.S. Congre tΟ :
 

TAMILTIMES 15
Malaysian Ceylonese Congress HEADQUARTERS
II, Jalan Emas, off Jalan Sungei Besi, 57.100 Kuala Lumpur
ent by Tan Sri Datuk Sri V. Jeyaratnam, dent, Malaysian Ceylonese Congress
ent outrageous military activities initiated by the Sri rnment against the minority Tamils in Jaffna, Sri Lanka, is t of genocide. Numerous reports have been published of illing of thousands of innocent Tamils and the destruction arties. f those affected are pensioners who have served the overnment and who are still on the pensions list. A good 'em are blood relatives of Malaysians of Sri Lankan origin. highland workers from the South, who had escaped to also been included in these indiscriminate killings.
Malaysians, do not want to interfere with the internal independent nation. However, we cannot avoid voicing
in the face of this inhuman action taken by the most I military in the world.
lic problem is something that the Sri Lankan Government bring to a suitable conclusion, acceptable to all groups But certainly the killing of innocent men, women and finitely not the course of action to be taken.
in voicing our feelings, not interfering in the internal independent country. THIS IS NO MORE JUST AN ROBLEM. It is an outrage on humanity at large. On n grounds, all right thinking people of the world must ne opinion.
all legitimate Governments and agencies in the world, ular lndia and Malaysia, to take whatever action necessary var on innocent people to an instant halt.
E MARCH OUTSIDE WHITE HOUSE
Sri Lankan Tamils staged a Peace March and Demonstration
outside White House on June 20, 1987
hers call on the U.S. Government to send a fact finding Committee of ss to the North and East of Sri Lanka, and to prevail on the Government
- Suspend U.S. aid to Sri Lanka until the Government stops all forms of human rights abuses,
- Remove forth with the blockade of food, fuel, medical supplies and other essentials in the Tamil province,
- Allow international Red Cross into the a SSS North and East of the country to 泌 minister to the refugees, the wounded Af ongid of and the starving, A x;''': Söz SRILANKA - Allow the International Authorities to 磁魏 變 observe the Government's treatment of political prisoners held without trial for years;
- Release immediately the 9,500 youths
taken as hostages,
- Allow International Press and Media Access to the war ravaged North and x East, the homeland of the Tamils.

Page 16
16TAMILTIMES
OTHER OPINION
The penultimate
Warning
MR. JAYAWARDENES SAVAGE OFFENSIVE has already had two consequences. It has knocked all legitimacy from under the Tamil groups that had been urging moderation, negotiation: the offensive must have convinced every Sri Lankan Tamil that he cannot expect justice at the hands of Mr. Jayawardene's government, that all his talk about a negotiated settlement, about one formula for autonomy or another was just sham, that it was just a way of buying time till his army and air force were ready to kill the Tamils into submission. Second, the offensive has all but foreclosed India's options. It isn't just that the offensive will result in refugees pouring into India - that it will. It isn't just that such wholesale killing of innocent, unarmed Tamil civilians by bombing and all else will ignite substantial political repercussions within India, especially in Tamil Nadu - that it certainly will. The basic point is that placed as it is, having tried as it has to bring about a peaceful settlement to the problem. India cannot just stand by now that Sri Lanka has embarked on open, wholesale killing - of its own citizens, true, but of human beings none the less.
This is the import of Mr. Rajiv Gandhi's statement. And Mr. Jayawardene should remain in no doubt on the matter. "If India aids insurrection by the Tamils in Sri Lanka,
will it not thereby provi Pakistan to aid the terro it not justify the decisior aid the ENLF?". These a normal times. They are that many in India hav other and the Governn limit to everything. W un armed civilians questions seem acade wil makė, these questic even rhetorical. The po the action might justif what must be prevene Mr, Jayawardene must
Mr. Rajiv Gandhi's sta clearly as any stateme assessment of the India threshold has been a mercilessly bombing a and spreading misery o differences." It says, putting its unity and in it points to the "gross tenet of human righ "carpet bombing" of c. the "calculated, cold-b, thousands of Sri Lank own government". To time to desist from a m Jaffna is now. Later má
As neither side will for peace, and as even just stand by, more anc Indian Government to S rebel groups so that th Tamils; many will even howsoever undesirable long-term costs India h attempt a Cyprus-typ
A MEssAGE To SRI LAN
A NEW POLICY COURS
INDIA'S OPERATION AIR RELIEF for the Jaffna peninsula - carried outperfectly by the Air Force on the Wings of five AN-32 transport aircraft escorted by four Mirage 200 fighters - is a fine example of a meshing of humanitarian and political objectives in a graduated and still developing response which has won the enthusiastic backing of the people of this country, the Tamil population in Sri Lanka and people of sensitivity and goodwill round the World.
The Prime Minister, Mr. Rajiv Gandhi, and the Central Government must be congratulated for taking this bold and imaginative, and yet sober, policy course - the wider implications of which must not be underestimated - and it is heartening that there is a total Opposition consensus backing the content and spirit of the action. Dropping some 25 tonnes of relief goods to people living through an unprecedented time of troubles in the face of a genocidal military attack launched by its own Government might seem symbolic rather than substantive relief (perhaps even a high-flying "gimmick" to jaundiced Western critics). But let there be no ambiguity about the purpose behind, and the content of this IAF mission - which (as THE HINDU's Special Correspondent who flew on the mission as an Observer along with other media persons, Indian and foreign, noted) "became inevitable" in the face of a much softer option floundering on account of "the hotheads prevailing" in Colombo.
Mr. Jayawardene and his associates must understand that this is a message from the Government and people of India who are firmly united on the issues of justice and politics behind this question (even if differences abound on various other issues) and are determined to follow
this up, if the need arises. In vis-a-vis the genocidal cris amount of self-congratulat
heroic, tragi-comic bluster the Athulathmudalis can
difference to this rather larg the South Asian region mus that the physical, political, capabilities to counter t clique's brutal course ag civilians are very much in th that's not the problematall.
A review of the perform policy from 1985 does sugg. been taken for a ride by C policy statement by Mr. acknowledged. The Weake the Tamils, the absence of coherent strategic directio and uncoordinated appro post-1985 policy have been THE HINDU and other news The IAF's mission Over the be taken as a dramatic d costly phase of self-imposte a new policy based on firm, vis the reasonable aspirati and a progressive articul interest has been inaugurat in India's hands - and a lon, from sending the timely me, political solidarity with the t built upon intelligently, boldl There cannot be the slig has brought about this unpt
Lanka, and this pass in Indo

JUNE 1987
de a justification for rists in Punjab? Will of someone else to e good questions in the sort of questions e been asking each. ment. But there is a holesale killings of will make these mic, even civilians ons seem academic, int will not be what y in the future but d now. On this too shed a doubt. itement indicates as 2nt can that in the an Government that most reached. "By defenceless people n the basis of ethnic 'Sri Lanka is itself tegrity in jeopardy." s violation of every ts", to systematic ivilians in Jaffna, to looded slaughter of (a citizens by their the fact that "the ilitary occupation of ay be too late." It is isten to the counsel its will not let India imore will urge the tep up the aid to the ey may protect the tually conclude that , that whatever the las no option but to e "solution" - a
sealing of the north from the rest of the island till better sense prevails in Colombo. There will be a host of problems to contend with - Tamils in the rest of Sri Lanka who will inevitably be set upon and will therefore rush to the north as refugees; there will be the grave and enormous costs of committing a substantial force. And much else. But if the present scale of killings continues most in India will conclude that the country is left with no option but to bear with the cost.
. Before that moment arrives and these arguments become irresistible, the Indian Government should explore one avenue. The Prime Minister has called upon the international community to restrain the Sri Lankan government. This appeal should be given an institutional form. India should ask for an emergency meeting of the UN Security Council and do its best to see that the countries assembled there persuade Mr. Jayawardene to draw back from the ruinous course that his government has chosen, a course that entails massacre of the innocent and that has all the potential of disrupting the peace of the region.
it will be argued that taking the matter to the Security Council will give the superpowers and others the locus standi to meddle in the affairs of the region. But they are meddling in any case, with or without locus standi. And should it be possible to secure a UN presence in the Jaffna peninsula, the benefits will be immense: Sri Lanka will be restrained from the wholesale killings without India having to undertake any extreme step. A penultimate warning must be followed by a penultimate step.
Editorial, INDIAN EXPRESS, 20 May, 1987
NKA
SE
dia is the frontline state is in Sri Lanka and no ion, abuse and mock-, by the Premadasas and make any material te reality. Every child in: it be expected to know military and logistical the Sri Lankan ruling lainst innocent Tamil e possession of India
ance of Indian official est that New Delhi has olombo - as a recent Rajiv Gandhi virtually ning of solidarity with a firm baseline and a in, and the superficial ach characteristic of repeatedly criticised by paperS.
Jaffna peninsula could emonstration that this dweakness is over and solidarity values (vis-a- ons on the Tamil sides 'ation of the national ed. The initiative is now g while - and the gains ssage of humanitarianattered Tamils must be y and concertedly.
htest doubt that what ecedented crisis in Sri - Sri Lankan relations, is
the Jayawardene regime's pursuit of a disastrous military solution to the "ethnic crisis" through the "two track" route. (A third track, perhaps, is represented by the induction of an assortment of external elements hostile to india.) The euphoria surrounding the IAF relief mission, which came incidentally, in the wake of a soft option sea voyage which seemed to turn into a "damp squib", inviting quick-to-the-draw ridicule and condescension from sections of the Western media, including "liberal" publications such as The Guardian of England must not allow anyone to forget this fact
The Sri Lankan Government's military offensive which is concentrated in the Jaffna peninsula remains a grave danger to hundreds of thousands of innocent Tamil civilians, and has already taken an appalling toll of lives, livelihood and spirit if the offensive continues, or is not swiftly called off, the task of breaking the back of this ruthless antihuman offensive - through a combination of some kind of direct action and major solidarity assistance to the armed militant Tamil resistance, chiefly the LTTE in co-operation with EROS- remains ahead of the Government and people of India.
This country's policy objectives remain very much in place. The motivation and interest behind the policy still favour creating just and realistic conditions on the ground which alone, experience now clearly shows, would permit meaningful talks on a political settlement. This means a clear and genuine rollback of the results inflicted by the postDecember 19 military offensive, because there can be no question of resuming any kind of equitable peace process or political initiative On the basis of an unjust freeze on the ground, which would leave the Tamil side in a visible position of weakness in a negotiating situation.
If the correct steps and methodology are pursued, it is by no means too late for the affairs of state in Sri Lanka to return to a path of sanity and
political wisdom, Hindu (International Edition), June 13, 1987

Page 17
JUNE 1987
COLOMBO'S BLUNDER
NEW DELHI HAS NEVER thought of directly intervening in the Sri Lankan crisis. Nor has it ever supported the idea of Eelam. But by stepping up its military offensive in the Jaffna peninsula, Colombo has put New Delhi in a tight spot, it is more in Sorrow than anger that Foreign Minister N. D. Tiwari has cautioned Colombo of the consequences of the current onslaught on the innocent Tamils. If the Sri Lankan Government ignores the appeal for a negotiated settlement of the ethnic problem and goes on wiping out the Tamils, New Delhi will be compelled to review its Sri Lankan policy. An influx of refugees on an unprecedented scale is inevitable if the killing of the Tamils continues. Nor can the reaction of the people of Tamil Nadu be brushed aside. In such a situation New Delhi may be compelled to take measures not palatable to Colombo. It is for the Jayawardene Government to avert such a situation and it can do so.
President Jaya if he is confident c ethnic problem. E Colombo os milita abject surrender unlikely. It may Sinhala hawks t Government's res. What is going on and the casualties forces and the mi number of civilia indefinitely, the achieve the goa, Government for suppressing the necessary that th republic will rem crushed, another likely to emerge demands of the Ta
India however, the developments other Tamil Nadu exploit the Sri L.
A POLICY
After plenty of dithering New Delhi's Sri Lankan policy is taking shape. The decision to send 19-Odd relief boats to Jaffna was apparently not an isolated One. The mission was humanitarian in nature but none, including President Jayawardene could miss its political overtones. The return of the boats to Rameswaram, however, was not the end of the story; more was bound to follow. India's decision to deploy its transport aircraft to drop essential supplies for the beleaguered people of Jaffna cannot, therefore, cause surprise. Tamils On both sides of the Pak Straits will feel excited about New Delhi's new-found resolve to act in the face of Sri Lanka's military operations. Those who have been attacking New Delhi for not having a coherent policy may draw satisfaction from South Block's realisation that it has had enough from President Jayawardene and his men who came to believe that a military solution was the only one available to them to resolve Sri Lanka's ethnic conflict.
It is futile for anyone in Colombo and elsewhere in the world to believe that a Government in power in Delhi can remain indifferent to the sufferings of the Tamils in Sri Lanka. What happens in Sri Lanka is bound to have repercussions in Tamil Nadu and as such cannot be ignored by the people and the Government of India. Foreign policy of a Country cannot be made by the prevailing passions in One State but at the same time nations cannot afford to easily overlook domestic compulsions in fashioning out their policies on issues that cannot be confined to borders. Tamil sentiments apart, there can be other reasons for India's new Sri Lankan policy.
New Delhi carinot be faulted for its growing
AT LA
impatience at the Pakistan in Sri Lanka giving advice to S Operations and ot Pakistanis are giving army. India does not this factor cannot b smaller powers in the to New Delhi and ig sensibilities.
There can be oth decision to adopt an Lanka. Mr. Rajiv Gar project the image of act decisively. He ha diplomacy by anoth Supplies by aircraft. for Sri Lanka which cannot prevent Inc supplies in Jaffna. In can be hazardous fo anything under the Jayawardene politic hawks can pounce u what his Options willb What is also not ye prepared to go. Its di Tamils and seeing thi a base for Outside pov can be assumed tha solution or in other w is not the aim of Indiar
Editorial. Th
Compounding the problem of Colombo which had been created by the Indian action, a group Of subversives - not Connected with the Tamil rebels - carried out two daring raids on 7 June. one on the Sri Lankan Air Force's main base at Katunayake 32km north of the capital and the Other at the National Defence Academy in Colombo's southern suburbs, Colombo believes that the raiders belong to the Outlawed Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (jVP).
JVP ACTIVE IN THE s
Premadasa bargainsfor JVPCo-c Against Tamil Resistanc
investigators have used arms taken fron The JVP is reported another putsch. The Colomb0 that it W0 government to fight of and South - and Pre olive branch to th proscription will be only in legitimate poli

'ardene is sadly mistaken familitary solution to the 'en if thousands perish in y offensive in Jaffna, an by the Tamils is most le for the benefit of the at he has declared the plve to fight to the finish. in Jaffna is almost a war include both the security itants, apart from a large s. If the conflict drags on militants are bound to of Eelam. Even if the es succeed in quickly militants, it is not e integrity of the island in intact. If the LTTE is militant organisation is o long as the legitimate mils are not met. should not over-react to in Sri Lanka. MGR" and leaders should not try to ankan crisis for political
involvement of Israel and . There are Israelis who are ri Lanka in its anti-Tamil her sensitive areas and training to the Sri Lankan need to act as Big Brother but e deemed as a licence for
region of showing the thumb noring its legitimate regional
er reasons for New Delhi's activist approach towards Sri ldhi can no longer afford to a wavering leader unable to d to follow up his rice-boat er move Such as dropping Here come the risks - mainly can stop Indian boats but ian planes from dropping terfering with Indian aircraft r Colombo just as not doing situation can cost President ally at home. The Sinhala pon him and it is not known e.
clear is how far New Delhi is sire to get a fair deal for the it Sri Lanka does not become vers are understandable but it t so far a Cyprus-kind of a ords a separatist Tamil State
policγ.
2 Overseas Hindustan Times, 13jure 1987
OUTH
peration
2
und that the faiders had an arтү сатр in April ) be collecting arms for e is an awareness in ld be difficult for the two flanks - in the north madasa has offered an JWP saying that its fted if it would engage cal activity.
TAMITMES 17
gains. It is not fair to blame the Jayawardene Government alone for the disastrous turn which the Sri Lankan situation has taken. The militants also should be blamed for their intransigence. The LTTE has never been inclined to negotiate and it has only weakened its cause by indulging in terrorism. But by abruptly blocking all avenues of negotiations and going all out for a military solution, the Jayawardene Government has deepened the crisis.
As Mr. Tiwari has indicated, it may be acting under the "increasing influence of external elements inimical to security, stability and peace in our region". But Colombo should realise that it cannot go far on the assurance and support of foreign powers. Ultimately it has to bear the brunt of the conflict and the more it antagonises the Tamils, the less secure it will be. The military offensive will only lead the country
to disaster.
Editorial, The Overseas Hindustan Times, 13 June 1987
INDIA SHOWS FILM OF UAFFNA RAIDS
THE INDIAN GOVERNMENT has produced a videotape shot in the beleaguered city of Jaffna to support its claim that the Sri Lankan Air Force is "indiscriminately bombing its own people."
The tape showed air raids on the town on May 27 and 28. It is shot by amateurs, but clearly shows Marchetti aircraft diving to attack with bombs and rockets.
Heavy damage is shown to the main bazaar, with shops and other buildings reduced to heaps of smouldering rubble, The bazaar has not been used for several months. It is close to the Jaffna fort, where a garrison of troops regularly exchanges mortar fire with Tamil Tiger rebels.
The video includes scenes in a Jaffna hospital near the fort. A commentator explains that the hospital, which used to have 1200 beds, was attacked for the ninth time on May 27th. Severe damage is shown, with the camera lingering over close-ups of mangled bodies and burn wounds which the commentator claims were caused by napalm.
Other scenes include devastation in one of the main Hindu temples, where seven people are said to have died after seeking shelter from air raids.
The origin of the tape is unclear. The Indians say it did not come from the Tamil Tigers. They also doubt the claim that napalm has been used, but say that the Sri Lankan air force has dropped incendiary bombs,
Otherwise, the tape is taken in New Delhi as firm evidence to support India's claim that the military drive to recover the Jaffna peninsula has been conducted with ruthless disregard for civilian casualties.
"The damage is there for you to see," a foreign ministry spokesman said yesterday. "Apart from the immense suffering being caused by the Government's bombing, there is deep concern over the fact that in areas now being taken over by the army, young men aged from 15 to 45 - one full generation - are being taken into what are euphemistically called interrogation centres.

Page 18
18TAMILTIMES
THE GROWING PAI Prime Minist
Readers of Tamil Times should also know some of the Premadasa, heir presumptive as distinct from the he Athulathmudali, and the dark horse who will emerg
Jayawardene clan.
Premadasa started his political career as a member of A. E. Goonasingha's (who became a racialist politician) Ceylon Labour Party. He then did the full circle and migrated from the racist politics of the Ceylon Labour Party to the Sinhala - oriented United National Party.
It must not be forgotten that along with party Comrades J. R. Jayawardene and Dr. M. V. P. Peiris ("honorary physician" to the Sinhala Marchers to Kandy protesting against the Bandaranaike — Chelvanayakam Pact of July 1957), Premadasa was one of the leading activists against a settlement with the Tamils. He was manipulated by Dudley Senanayake (of whom Oliver Goonatilleke. one-time Governor-General once remarked, "there are only two clever men in
Sri Lanka, the other i R. Jayawardene in con Premadasa and Dud huge protest rally agai grounds of the Kandy after the Pact was sigr R. D. Bandaranaike will flow from his ey afterwards. Prime M Bandaranaike held al larger public rally in defence of the Pact. contempt for Prem Bandaranaike’s own Hamu” (“hamu” is a S lesser mortals who a Goi gama caste, “Walauwe hamu” be
PooR VIRAJ MENDI
"IN BRASS TACK'S moving film (BBC2) about his sanctuary from deportation by the Home Office in the vestry of a Manchester Anglican church, Viraj Mendis made it clear that he had no choice but to stay put. A Tamilsupporting communist, Mendis believes that if he is returned to Sri Lanka he will be killed. Unfortunately, he was nearly murdered in his refuge by some knifewielding thugs who needed no Henry - like bidding from the authorities to burst into the church seeking blood.
Mendis's jovial if equally stubborn protector, Fr. John Methuen, seems a priest more pleasantly corpulent than turbulent - "God, I look fat" - and Mendis himself comes across as a gentle and sincere, if very determined, political squatter. He has had a bad Press, not helped by the local council trying to
a Sinhalese who supports the Tamil Cause. And
wrote in The Times of 24 June:
make him a church bo officer, but alas increasingly seem notices of political the individual performanc What the film mac despite the larger versus state, the rule the interests of e embarrassing mud quickly, and that ther danger in the Governr guns than quietly givi governments were bi sanctuary to much political animals tha Social Democrats." Tailpiece: it is not kr "thugs" were memb National Front or counterparts.
కళ
$ 簽 繳 8:3 : This young man, now in South India, lost a leg in the battle for Tami
LOST LEG- Still of Good C
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JUNE 1987
NS OF PREMAOASA er of Sri Lanka
facts relating to r aspirant, Lalith e from the J. R.
S Dudley) to keep J. trol. ley Senanayake helda lst the B-C Pact on the Market in 1957 shortly ed. Said he, "if S. W. sees this crowd, tears es”. In a week or So inister S. W. R. D. equally attended or the same place in He had nothing but adasa and, to use phrase, for "Dudley Sinhalese honorific for “e just below the top “hamuduru wo' or ing the more servile
S:
drew Hislop
und race-relations our newspapers to write critical atre regardless of e.S. le clear was that, ssues of church of law etc., it is in veryone if this die is resolved e is more political ment sticking to its ng way. Once our g enough to offer more dangerous n Mr. Mendis or
own whether the ers of the British their Sinhalese
| Eelam.
terms used by menials when addressing their low-country Sinhalese masters of the top goigama). Said Prime Minister Bandaranaike (and we use the Prime Minister's own words) “Premadasa and Dudley Hamu should see this crowd; if Dudley Hamu were to see it, water will come from Somewhere else'. The Prime Minister laughed scornfully into the microphone.
During 1965-70, Premadasa made progress under Dudley's "national" government. He was made junior minister to M. Tiruchelvam, O.C., Minister of the Local Government and the Tamil Federal Party's representative in the government. Tiruchelvam complained that Premadasa was placed in his ministry by the designing Prime Minister (Dudley Senanayake) "to keep an eye on him" (Tiruchelvam). When Tiruchelvam resigned in 1968 (because the Federal party was disillusioned with the Dudley govern-ment), Premadasa was appointed Tiruchelvam's successor as Minister of the Local Government. It is alleged that he was thereafter used (there is no evidence) by Dudley to curb J. R. Jayawardene's attempts to become Dudley's successor. Premadasa was supposed to be at the time Jayawardene's "rival". In the end Jayawardene succeeded Dudley and made Premadasa his Prime Minister (with little authority given to him) in 1978. Premadasa thinks that he is now President-in-waiting.
Jayawardene has kept Premadasa at a distance since he ascended the Executive Presidency. To the outside world, Premadasa is regarded as “the real Prime Minister". Premadasa's hope from the time he became Prime Minister is that he will be President, and is automatically, "Acting President" when Jayawardene goes on his foreign visits. Jayawardene has never formally appointed an "Acting President". The theory is that the British Queen never appoints an "Acting Queen" when she leaves on state visits.
Premadasa, at the beginning of his career, was in the camp of the doves on the Tamil question. Jayawardene ignored him except on rare occasions when he was absolutely needed. Then in 1986, Premadasa visited Boston to address a gathering of Students at Harvard University (the students prevented him from speaking because of the arrest and detention of their fellow student, R. Manikkalingam). The American Professor Marshall Singer arranged a meeting between Sri Thillaiampalam, President of the Eelam Tamils Organisation of the United States and Premadasa in a hotel in Boston. Premadasa could not respond to Sri Thillaiampalam's question on how the Jayawardene government proposed to bring about a settlement.
Premadasa has, since, made unbecoming attacks on India. His recent outburst in Parliament that "Our (meaning presumably the Sinhalese) patience is wearing thin' is disgraceful for a Prime Minister. It is in line with President Jayawardene's and Minister Gamini Dissanayake's threats to finish off the Tamils in South Sri Lanka should India make moves against Sri Lanka.

Page 19
JUNE 1987
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Page 20
20 FAMILTIMES
AND so THE BOMBERs
a first hand account of living and dying in Ja by Ambalavanar Umashankar, (Attorney-at
JAFFNA, the eye of the Sri Lankan political hurricane, witnessed in the month of March this year a baptism of fire unknown in its annals. What follows is a personal eye witness account of one of the aerial bombings in which members of my family and l, who are natives of Jaffna, almost died.
It was a Sunday when people take their daily chores lightly and even get up from a bed a little late. In the early hours of the morning, however, the droning of a plane and the clatter of some helicopters were heard. Residents of the area little thought that these were harbingers of the arrival of bombers for which they provide cover.
All of a sudden at about 6.40 a.m. five bombers belonging to the Sri Lankan Air Force swooped down through the clouds and began raining bombs on three targeted houses in the Nallur area in quick succession, two bombs being hurled at a time. ܀-
Two of the houses were vacant. The third was mine. In all forty four bombs fell. The attack continued for nearly 20 minutes, the bombers disappearing into the clouds for a time to allow the shells to burst and destroy the targets and then returning to complete the destruction of the remaining undestroyed bits.
The deafening noise and the resulting shock on members of my family can more easily be imagined than described. My wife and children had got into the trench earlier than I - when the first bomb fell in my garden I was fast asleep. As I got up fitfully, awakened by the blast, the second bomb fell on the vacant house next door. By this time all of us moved into the bathroom which was part of the house. The third bomb fell just ten yards away. The fourth and fifth fel again on the neighbouring houses but all the other bombs were targeted one after another at my house.
We saw our house lying entirely flattened with some parts of the building lurching at odd angles. Bullet marks from the helicopters appear on the walls that remain. There was no trace of the belongings of our home. Our car parked outside was a lump of metal. All that remained of our large house was the bathroom where we had sought shelter.
The impact of the bombing of my house with our little children watching every moment of the ordeal has left a
Unexploded bomb weighing. March 29,
psychological impact neither be measured now totally scared o' are obsessed with th which destroyed all them in life. The ma have sustained is im been left as refugees unable to practise m Courts are not functi than the material loss our children, growing destruction and helple When Citizens' representations the "the army targets we or 'such an event investigations will b always ends there powerful and rules \ has happened to me that has been replaye North and East. In r has been loss of life, several occupied il been incinerated in houses. The cry community is a cryth
It cannot remain u
'SRI LANKA: 10 years of Jayawardene Rule', by S. Sivanayagam, and Published by Tamil Information Centre will be available after 25th July. The Publication is Sponsored by:
The Australian Federation of Tamil Associations; Eelam Tamil Association of
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JUNE 1987
CAME
fna
aw)
"יוז]]
55kg targeted om Nallur,
on them which can nor erased. They are noise and blast and e fear of the 'army' that was precious to terial loss which we mense. We have now in our own land. I am by profession, as the oning normally. More is the damage done to up in a climate of fear, *ՏՏՈՅSS.
Committees make stock reply is either re terrorist hideouts' never took place but e made." The matter for the army is allwith the Sword. What on March 29 is a scene d in many parts of the many instances, there houses destroyed and egally. People have their own huts and of an oppressed at has to be heard.
answered for ever.
RULE JLY
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JΥΟΤΙΝΟΡΑ WATH DIXIT
India's High Commissioner in Sri Lanka
Mr. Dixit was, previous to his appointment in Colombo, posted to the strategic Afghan capital Kabul. He has a reputation for firmness and a "nononsense" attitude. India Today, 30 June, 1987, provides the following snapshot of the diplomat in the crisisridden Sri Lankan capital:
"Jyotindra Nath Dixit, popularly known as Mani Dixit, is an unflappable man who, in his two-year tenure as India's High Commissioner in Sri Lanka, has handled his increasingly prickly assignment with considerable tact and equanimity. But on June 4, Dixit was mangling the stem of his ever-present pipe as all confidential files and documents were removed to a safe place pending the all-important message from New Delhi. The message came just after noon, Conveyed by Natwar Singh, Minister of State for External Affairs. India, he told Dixit, was planning to air-drop relief supplies over the Jaffna peninsula that evening."
Dixit has been very firm with President Jayawardene and asked him for explanations on various contradictory pronouncements of the President. His predecessor was Chatwal who is now High Commissioner in Ottawa. Previous to Chatwal was Thomas Abraham who was appointed India's Ambassador to Switzerland prior to retirement. Abraham has since joined the Movement for Peace in Sri Lanka.
TAMLS DE IN HOSTEL BLAZE
TWO TAMILS who were seeking asylum in West Germany died in a hostelfire for refugees in Detmold on June 30. The authorities believe they started the fire themselves. Four othermen at the centre were treated in hospital for minor burns.
The fire highlights the tense atmosphere that still surrounds the issue of asylum-seekers in Germany who are kept in hostels and not allowed to work or leave their city or district boundaries until their request for asylum has been granted. One of the two men who died, had been in Detmold for 18 months. The Conditions under which they are held have repeatedly been criticised by the UN High Commissioner for Refugees who said recently that Germany's policy towards the Refugees had "failed completely".

Page 21
JUNE 1987
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Page 22
22AMILTIMES
CLASSIFIEDADS
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MATRIMONAL
PARENTS SEEK Hindu Sri Lankan Tanil bridegroom, aged between 31 and 36, for attractive daughter, U.K. citizen, professionally qualified. Details with horoscope. Reply BoxM176C/o Tamil Times.
LONG-TIME U.K. RESIDENT, Jaffna Tamil parents seek a suitable partner for their 24 year old daughter. U.K. citizen, has good career prospects, students considered. Please reply to Box M177C/o Tamil Times.
SISTER SEEKS SUITABLE Hindu bridegroom for unmarried, 40 year old, slim sister teaching in Colombo. Apply with details and horoscope. Box M178 c/o Tamil Times.
JAFFNA HINDU PARENTS resident in Europe seek professionally qualified groom for their doctor daughter, educated and working in Europe. Fair, slim and good looking. Please send horoscope when replying. Box M179 c/o Tamil Times.
JAFFNA TAMIL HINDU parents in U.K. are
seeking marriage partners for their children, engineer son 30 years and daughter 24 years, both employed in London. Please send charts and full particulars to Box M180 c/o Tamil Times.
M/edc
McOUAD - ARULIAH. T McOuaid and Ana place at Keble Colle on July 4. The coup are graduates of Sean was a Rugby was President O Scientific Society.
Anasuya is the or and Mrs. Panchan Surrey. Her grandpa Mr. and Mrs. T. Pa and the late Mr. anc A. Cooke.
KUMARAKULATUNGAM marriage was solem Ravindran, son of M Kumarakulatungam second daughter of Kandiah of 48, Conna Surrey.
KATHIRKAMANATHAN
The marriage of I Son of Mr. and M nathan of 90 Woodfo Middlesex, and Inpa Mr. and Mrs. N. Ka Torrington Gardens Sex, took place or Murugan Temple, Lo
THURAISINGHAM - I marriage of Rajan, so J. Thuraisingham of Batticaloa, and Prab and Mrs. K. Kanagar Kovil Road, Thirunel took place at St. Church, London.
Mangalambihi (Teacher).
Ranesh and Sutharsini.
MooTHAPILLAI NAGAM
of Varuthalai Villan, Tellipalai
The death occurred at 14, Potpathy Road, Kokuvil, on 1 of Moothapillai, wife of late Nagamuthu (Malayan pens
Mother of Mahalingam (Retd. O.A., Railways), Mahac Nigeria), late Maheswari, late Mahaledohumi (Retd.
Grandmother of Sritharan. (U.K.), late Malathi, Sivak Rajkumar (Nigeria), Rohini (U.S.A.), Rohan, Kumar (
Great grandmother of Easwaran (U.S.A.).
OBTUARIES
DR. GUNARATNAM LUTHER, died under tragic circumstances on May 27. He succumbed to injuries caused by a shell fired from the Jaffna Fort. At the time of his death he was attached to the Jaffna General Hospital which, itself, has come under shellfire from the Fort and aerial bombing on several occasions. Earlier, he was the District Medical Officer of Point Pedro. He leaves behind his wife Ariamdevi (neé Senathirajah), sons Uthayakumaran and Indrakumaran, brothers Dr. W. L. Jeyasingham, Thuraisingham and sisters Navamani Mills, Siron many Rajaratnam and Malar Balakrishnan.
The death occurred of (née Hensman), daugh and Nalamma Hensm Oliver Watson, mother wealth Secretariat) and late Indira Joseph (Australia), Nesa (U.K. London. No. 1, Erskine Primrose Hill, London, The death occurred of Hensman), daughter C Na llamma Hensman, mother of Shalini and S in Melbourne. 790, Bentleigh, Victoria 316
 
 

JUNE 1987
lings
he wedding of Sean suya Aruliah took ge Chapel, Oxford, le, both physicists, Oxford University. Blue and Anasuya F the University
ly daughter of Mr. Aruliah of Cheam, rents were the late ckianathan Aruliah Mrs. Arasaratnam
- KANDIAH. The nised on June 27 of Mr. and Mrs. R. R.
and Shantha, Mr. and Mrs. N. S. aught Road, Sutton,
- KANAGARATHNAM. ) harmendranathan, rS. V. Kathirkamard Crescent, Pinner, rathy, daughter of Inagarathnam of 4 Perivale, MiddleJuly 11, at Sri ndon.
(ANAGARAJAH. The n of Mr. and Mrs. S. 19 Covington Road, a, daughter of Mr. ajah of 16-25, Sivan velly South, Jaffna, Augustin's Parish
—
UTHU
8th April, 1987 oner).
deva (Engineer, Teacher) and
Cumar (U.S.A.), New Zealand),
BIMALA WATSON, ter Of the late Babu an, wife of the late of Ranjit (CommonRenuka, sister of the (Australia), Aria on June 17, 1987 in Views, Erskine Road, NW3. NDIRA JOSEPH (mee f the late Babu and wife of Jayapalan, aro, on May 23, 1987 Centre Road, East i, Australia. .
OBITUARIES
PARAMAPATHY, P. T. Retd. Government
Surveyor, Died in the same incident. He was
the eldest son of Mr. M. S. Thambithurai, teacher, St. John's College and the late Mrs. Thambithurai. His elder brother, P. T.
Gunaseelan, retired recently as Principal,
St. John's College. He leaves behind his wife Thayaladevi, two sons and two daughters.
COOKE, P. T., husband of Rose Rasamany of Chundikuli and father of Thangaranee, Yogaranee, Thurairajah, Yogarajah, Selvarajah and Kularajah.
SIMIAMPILLA, M., former Director of Education, Northern Region. Funeral Mt. Carmel Road, Jaffna, May 13.
KULATHUNGAM, Elizabeth Dhiviaratnam (née Wadsworth), wife of late Lyman Kulathungam. Funeral Vaddukoddai, May 28.
ABRAHAM, A. R., Retd. teacher Jaffna College, husband of Emmah Pushpamalar, father of Atputharanee, Anandarajah, Pusparanee, Selvaranee and Jeyaranee. Funeral May 26.
VIRASINGHE, Arjuna Jair. The death occurred on June 28 of Jair, eldest son of the late Mr. and Mrs. A. A. Virasinghe. The cremation was at Golders Green Crematorium, preceded by a large attended service in the Church of St. Johns, Hampstead. Jair was a keen sportsman and turned out regularly at cricket and hockey for the Mill Hi|| Club,
SELVARATNAM, Ranee. Wife of the late Hoole Selvaratnam and daughter of the late J. T. and Mrs. Lily Hensman of Chavakachcheri. She leaves behind two daughters, Mrs. Arul Anantham of Mount Lavinia and Mrs. Victor Subirtharatnam, and her sister Mrs. Pushpam Niles.
SENATHIRAJAH, Rajapoopathy, wife of late A. C. Senathirajah of Arasanar Valavoo, Tellipalai. She leaves behind two daughters, Chandra Spencer and Vimala Dwight. Her son Andrew predeceased her five years ago in London.
ELIYATHAMBY, Susan Packiam-Relict, of the late S. V. Eliyathamby, mother of Thevanesam, Thevarajah. Dr. Thevasagayam, Thevaseervatham. Dewi Sri Pathmanathan. Brig. Thevanayagam and Thevamalar Manoharan. Funeral at Kanatte Cemetery on 8 May. 67 St. Lawrence Road We||awatte.
SABARATNAM, Nallamma, wife of A. T. Sabaratnam, mother of Lakshmanan (UKS) Prathusha (Lusaka) and Lakshmi (Tania and Tamara). Funeral at General Cemetery, Kanatte on 13 May. 43 Thimbirigasyaya Road, Colombo 5.
WEAUTHAMPILA, S., husband of Navamani, father of Balasubramaniam, Mohan (Canada), Jayanthi (London) and Naveethan Babu (USA). Cremation at Galkissa Cemetery on 9 May, 30-36th Lane, Wellawatte.
MANUELPILLAI, George, husband of Pearl, father of Ranjani, Pathman, Mahendran, Mangala and Selvi. Funeral in Australia. 43, 2/1 Gregory's Road, Colombo 7.

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JUNE 1987
Useful Addresses A
News Papers Foreign Press Assn., 11 Carlton House Terr., London SW1 (01-930 044
London int. Press Centre, 76 Shoe Lane, London EC4 (01-3534757)
Press Association,85Fleet St. London EC4 (0.1-3537440)
Daily Express, The Daily Star, Sunday Express, Fleet St., London EC4 (01-3538000)
Daily Mail, Northcliffe House, Tudor St., EC4 (01-3536000) Daily Mirror, Sunday Mirror, Holborn Circus, London EC1 (0.1-353024
Daily Telegraph, Sunday Telegraph, 135 Fleet St., London EC4 (01-3534242)
Economist, 25 St. James's St. London SW1 (01-839 7000)
Financial Times, Bracken House, Cannon St. London EC4 (01-24880
Guardian, 119 Farringdon Road, London EC1 (01-2782332)
The Times, Sunday Times, Sun, 1 Pennington St. London E1 (0.1-481 4100)
Jewish Chronicle, 25 Furnival St. London EC4 (01-4059252)
News of the World, 30 Bouverie St. London EC4 (01-3533030)
New Statesman, 10 Gt. Turnstile, London WC1 (01-4058471) Observer, 8 St. Andrews Hill, London EC4 (0.1-2360202)
The Scotsman, Greater London House, Hampstead Rd., London NW1 (01-3872800)
The Standard, 118 Fleet St. London EC4 (0.1-3535000) Sunday People, 9 New Fetter Lane, London EC4 (01-3530246)
LS SLSLSL
Jaffna Central College Old Pupils Association.
A reunion of the old boys and old girls of the School will take place on Saturday, 8th August, 1987 at Merton Hall, Kingston Road, South Wimbledon Commencing 6 p.m.
There Will be entertainment followed by dinner.
Tickets priced at F5.00 (children under 12 free) are available from S. D. Balarajah (Tel: 01-5438210) and N. Sabanathan (Te: O1-3377169)
PHILOMIN 8 CO.
SOLICTORS
For All Legal Services And Conveyancing
Legal Aid Work Undertaken
109 Bell Street, Marylebone, London NW16TL Telephone: 01-7233018
Mariampillai Philomin, LL.B. MBIM

TAMLTIMES23
hd Telephone Numbers
Radio and Television
5) BBC Radio, Broadcasting House, Portland Place, London W1
(01-580 4468)
BBC Radio London, 35a Marylebone High St., London W1 (01-4867611)
BBC TV, Television Centre, Wood Lane, London W12 (0.1-7438000)
BBC External Services, Bush House, Strand, London WC2 (01-2403456)
6) BBC Pulications, 35 Marylebone High St. London W1 (01-5805577)
independent Broadcasting Authority, 70 Brompton Rd., London SW3 (01-5847011)
Capital Radio, Euston Tower, London NW1 (01-388 1288) o "Phone-In' (01-4845255)
London Broadcasting Co., P.O. Box261, Communications House, Gough St. London EC4 (01-353 1010) Phone-In' (O1-3538111)
Breakfast TimeTV, Hawley Cres., London NW1 iO1-2674300)
Channel 4,60 Charlotte St. London W1 (01-6314444)
Independent TV News, TN House, 48 Wells St. London W1 (01-6372424)
London Weekend TV, Kent House, South Bank TV Centre, London SE1 (01-2613434)
Thames TV,306 Euston Road, London NW1 (0.1-3879494)
ITV Publications, 247 Tottenham Court Rd., London W1 (01-636 1599)
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Page 24
24TAMLTMES
INDIA Is MEDIA
ON THE 4TH JUNE, as the Indian planes crossed to drop relief supplies to the beleaguered Tamils in Sri Lanka, it had become amply clear that India had at last made up her mind. Her two years of vacillation were over. She had in fact chosen her side in the Sri Lankan conflict, it is naive to presume now that She could still continue to be a Mediator. She is not even an aggrieved onlooker now. In the eyes of the Sri Lankan Tamils and the 55 million in India at least, she is now an active party. She has identified herself with the Sri Lankan Tamils and is only left now to continue, not to merely espouse their cause, but effectively pursue a determined course to bring to a swift end this inglorious dispute which had been deliberately turned into Genocide of a race, its own citizens denied of elementary human rights and fundamental protection.
Polemics on the sanctity of sovereignty irrespective of human rights violations, denial of fundamental liberty even when atrocity turns into genocide, become meaningless to a people suffering for the last four years at least from July 1983, it is the pastime of some esconced in entrenched traditions of advanced democracies derisively oblivious to third World standards. Such are best ignored. Very few have the capacity or understanding of a problem at its own doorstep, in its own region and among its own people as India has here.
It is appropriate to remember here what Rajaji, the former Governer General of India said: 'Most private wrongs are done within family walls and most public wrongs within the borders of states. If world opinion is to consider state frontiers sacrosanct, then there will be no chance for World progress as a whole; Tyranny will have received a World Charter.
The onslaught on Jaffna which commenced on the 26th May despite warnings and fears expressed by India had all the ingredients of a genocide of the Sri Lankan Tamils within the Peninsula. A State machinery of 26,000 troops, 6 bombers, 14 helicopters, together with reconnaisance and transport planes supported by an 'unspecified number' of naval vessels including gun boats - in fact, almost the entire military hardware directed against a small section of the Tamil civilians herded in their own heartland, their traditional homeland, cannot be called anything but genocide.
'We want their military offensive to stop. They have a systematically escalating pogrom against the Tamils. My Prime Minister has said he cannot accept genocide', said the Indian High Commissioner in Sri Lanka who by the close of May had become so tired and
sick of the meaningless attempts of
India to bring sani, thinking of the cor, turned into anger Minister of India St blooded slaughter ( Lankan citizens government cant solution.' And this Minister Of Iarnil Ramachandran wh Conveyed the indigt behind him whC incensed at the new raids on residentia bombardment of C the air drop of hun (while) planes and h inflicted the worst life and property, se temples, schools incendiary bombs”. VVhile condermni military operation assault against the é Jaffna”, Mr. Tiwa Minister warned, '7 lndia urges the Sri L. to realise the dang option'. Even as declared that the as the 'finish'', (eith win'), his Prime M poured scorn on l. brotherly attitude'. accusa-tions of ci hardship Colomb referred to only t separatist terrorisin Tamil Nadu'. (F.T. o Said a very senio 'The unity and inte very important to us so important as the of India.' (Guard allusion was clear Tamil Nadu un mis was building in ln action and even the phlegmatic Times
in mediate milita Madras Hindu, champion of Sr
liberation castigate and urged positive to stop annihilati community. The Tamil Nadu appeal to aid the milion Ta appease the 55 mi own State”, reporte 2.6.87. Continued when the Sri Lat launched its long a and insisted that it the 'fascist' gueri local population . . . vivas to restore dem on Constitutional rei “The lindians sin it”. “They know tha, gone on for four ye. 4,000-some say 15,

JUNE 1987
TOR No MoRE
ty into Sri Lankan flict. Exasperation
When the Prine cowled: 'The Cold of thousands of Sri
by their own not promote a was after the Chief Nadu, Mr. M. G. o had apparently nation of 55 million vivere naturally /s of 'the bombing | areas, the naval coastal towns and dreds of troops . . .
elicoptergunships .
damage on civilian tting fire to houses, and shops with
ng the Sri Lankan as 'a massive 2ntire population of ri, India's Foreign he Government of ankan Government ers of the military l. R. Jaya Mvardene sault was a fight to er they win or vive linister Premadasa ndia and her '''big In denying India's vilian deaths and O retorted and he patronage of 7 by the State of f2.687). r Indian Diplomat: grity of Sri Lanka is . But it is not nearly unity and integrity ian, 2.6.87). The and the signs in takeable. Pressure dia for immediate stoic and generally of India Called for ary intervention. the unremitting i Lankan Tamil ed the vacillation and decisive action on of an entire Chief Minister of ed for direct action mils of Jaffna and Ilion Tamils in his 2d the Guardian of the Guardian '. nkan army finally waited assault . . . s fight was against illas, and not the and that the object pcracy prior to talks orn'. . . nply don't believe t the war which has ars has cost at least ,000-lives.'
The massacre of some 32 Buddhist priests, vehemently denied by the Militants yet made such a political capital of - to whip up mass hysteria and Set in the Context of Prime Minister Premadasa's statements: all seemed to indicate the very fears that had been entertained all along. He had warned that 'there could be a risk of unrest in the South of the island if people thought Indian troops had landed today in the North'. (Financial Times of 3.6.87). It was once again reminiscent of earlier exhortations of rabid communalist politicians to their Sinhala public for orchestrated riots against the Tamils.
The sum total of India's reaction to all this duplicity and deceit coupled with a fiendish delight for inhuman barbarity was an initial perplexity now turned into revulsion and anger. India's efforts at acting the 'honest broker' have been spurned. They knew that it was deceit that had protracted any solution to the problem while the Sri Lankan Tamils had been systematically rendered refugees, if not murdered, killed or mained in their own homeland. Their vacillation had no doubt cost lives. A Genocide was in progress next door.
A decision has now been made. The Sri Lankan Tamils als over the World, both as victims and refugees and more importantly, their suffering brethren in Sri Lanka, can only entrust their fate in the hands of Mother India.
WIJAYANARHANALAYA
presented
Krishanthy Stanislaus disciple of Vijayambigailindra Kumar , at her Bharata Natya Arangetram
on Sunday, June 28, *** at Tooting, London, SW17.