Page 1
Tamji
WL W|| ND-5 ISSN O.
N-E Chief Minister's Wisit to Delhi
* A new Shado W O Ver Sri Lanka
"హోగ్రఫిక్యత 2
V. Balakurrar, Secretary General a ? Ela
var Derrix×rafic. Frçrfois: l'ox a dologarðr
LL LllaLaLLLLLLLaOH LEGS LALCuLLLLLLL LLLGLClLLLlLLLLLLLLS
k Violent scenes
in TN Assembly
k Will EDF MPS
attend Parliament?
k Wijeweera and the 1971 “inSurrection’
 
 
 
 

75ρ
- APRIL 1989
SLLLSumLmLHHLTC LttaaEELS LLLlEM LLLlLaaLLLL LLE LELLEYSLLLLL LLLLLSLLGLLS
OHS LTaalL E lLla000L0aaa LLLLLLLE LLTLLLLLLL LLLLttLLL LLLLH
* GOPALASAM SAGA : AYAALTHA DRAMA
k Jayawardena's damaging
COntribution
sk TE to negotiate
With Presign Prgiadasa
der. V. Prabhakararı, playing with 15 per leoparakukkH HH aaaaaOOLk kkLLLLkLL E kEM TlMlMLL OLLL lLLHuHuOLOLS O00 LHHHHLLS

Page 2
2 TAMIL TIMES
CONTENTS
LTTE agreement to Negotiate . . . . . . . . . 3
Gopalasami Saga & Jayalalitha Drama. .5 ANNUAL SUBS
A. UK/India/Sri Lanka. Violent Scenes in TamilNadu Assembly. 7 All other countries. Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Published mol A New Shadow over Sri Lanka. . . . . . . . 10 TAML TIME
P.O. BOX SUTTON, SURREY The publishers assume no responsibility for return of UNITED KON unsolicited manuscripts, photographs and artwork. Phone: 01-6
THE PROPOSED
One of the last executive acts of former President Jayawardene was to cause the publication of a gazette notification announcing the holding of a referendum in the eastern province of Sri Lanka on July 5. This referendum is purported to offer to the people of that province an opportunity to determine whether the present merger of the northern and eastern provinces should continue or not.
When the Indo-Sri Lanka Agreement was announced and signed in July 1987, the provision relating to the holding of a referendum on this question was roundly condemned by all sections of Tamil Opinion. It would seem that when this opposition was notified to the Indian authorities, they i pointed to that part of the provision which gave power to the President of Sri Lanka to postpone' the holding of the referendum, and assurance was given that the President would use this power to prevent it taking place in the foreseeable future. Even without informing New Delhi, the former President announced the date for the referendum during the last days of his presidency with the full knowledge that the new president would face tremendous problems in that connection. Why did Jayawardene do this without giving the chance to the incoming President to decide on the question? The answer must certainly be attributed to his Characteristic capacity for mischief-making and to his malevolent desire to embroil the new President in political trouble.
The significance of a merged northern and eastern province for the Tamil people must be considered in the light of the emergence of the demand for a separate state comprising what they regard as their traditional homelands. That demand was already On the political agenda and sections of the Tamil people had taken up arms to achieve that demand and the Conflict has Continued now for years with great loss of life and property. The merger of the north and east with a substantial degree of autonomous powers was submitted as a Compromise to end the conflict and a political Solution. Any attempt at a demerger of the two provinces through a so-called referendum would be judged as a rejection of that compromise and therefore the demand for a separate state would be back on the agenda with renewed force.
Even the very idea of holding a referendum only in the eastern province has very little intellectual validity. If the people are to be given a genuine opportunity to determine their own future, then the referendum must COver both the northern and
 

APRIL 1989
CONTENTS
Jayawardene's Damaging Contribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 CRIPTION Colvi iant intellectual 15
OIV - 8 C8 OC) stel69Ctt8IS . . . . . £10/US$20 9. g . . £15/USS30 News in brief. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 thly by Rasanayagam's Ancient Jaffna. . . . . . 19
L V A YM
TD Classified Advertisements . . . . . . . . . . 22 ຈທີ່ບໍ່ 3 TD Views expressed by Contributors are not necessarily 40972 those of the editor or the publishers,
REFERENDUM
eastern provinces. If it is thought that only the people of the east should take part in the referendum that would determine the fate of the merged province, then why not offer to all the Tamil people the opportunity of a referendum to determine the question whether they wish to be part of the Sri Lankan state or Create their own separate state?
To hold a referendum at the present juncture seems to be all the more foolhardy particularly in the context of the single North-East Provincial Council having come into existence already. The seat of administration of this Council is now situated in Trincomalee which is in the eastern province and the administrative infrastructure is being slowly and gradually constructed after years of disruption and aevastation.
It is well known, and known for a long time, that Sinhala politicians of the ruling United National Party and the opposition Sri Lanka Freedom Party are opposed to the merger of the two provinces. Even after the tragic experience of the last several years, they do not seem to have learnt the need to Come to a constitutional and institutional arrangement under which sharing of political power could be achieved on an equitable basis in keeping with the aspirations of the peoples who inhabit the island. The continued colonisation by Sinhala settlers particularly in the Welli Oya area is a case in point deliberately intended to remove the ethnic Tamil contiguity of the north and east. The colonisation in his area is being undertaken almost as if it were a military operation. The IPKF which is operating 2verywhere else in the north and east is prohibited rom this area which has been given over to the urisdiction of the Defence Ministry.
In spite of state-aided discriminatory colonisation policies pursued by Successive governments, the astern province is still predominately inhabited by Tamil speaking people which includes the Muslim ommunity. Despite the attempts at divide and rule, he Muslim community has made its position clear on the question of merger of the two Tamil prosinces. The Sri Lanka Muslim Congress which obtained the vast majority of Muslim votes has ategorically supported the merger of the provinces and opposed the holding of the referendum. What hey seek is to assure that the identity and interests of the Muslim community are preserved within a merged province. And this is the matter to which eaders of all communities, including those of the famil militant organisations, must devote their attention as a matter of urgency.

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APRIL 1989
COLOMBO
O LTTE AGREEMENT TO NEGOTATE
O EDF MPS TO ATTEND PARLIAMENT 2
Colombo, 15 April - Even as the body count of the dead in a series of violent incidents in the south and north of the island was mounting following the dismissive rejection and defiance by the Jantha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) and the LTTE of the unilateral ceasefire declared by the government of Sri Lanka and the Indian Peace Keeping Force, the LTTE's indication that it was prepared to hold direct negotiations with President Premadasa has been seen as a surprise development.
The announcement that the LTTE had delivered a letter to the President asking him to arrange for negotiations on the very same day at least 21 Sri Lankan soldiers were killed and several more injured in a landmine attack attributed to the LTTE at Welli Oya in north-east Sri Lanka bewildered many. It would seem that the LTTE's letter was in response to an open invitation extended by the President a few days earlier to the JVP and LTTE for talks when he gave details of the
ceasefire that was to commence On 12
April. Although the ceasefire call collapsed before it even started, the LTTE's readiness for negotiations with the Sri Lankan government would appear to represent a major shift in LTTE's stance hitherto projected.
The LTTE's letter while welcoming the President's move for talks stated that the LTTE expressed its opposition to the presence of 'external forces in the country, which is an obvious reference to the IPKF. The LTTE has asked the President to make arrangements for the talks at which it wants to raise questions relating to the withdrawal of the IPKF, devolution of powers and a permanent ceasefire.
LTTE's announcement about its willingness for talks with the government has occurred in the background of a series of major military operations by the IPKF in the Mullaitivu district against LTTE bases and hideouts located in thick jungles. In these operations that were escalated during the latter part of March and the first
weeks of this month, there have been
mounting casualties on both sides. In two incidents alone, the IPKF is said to have lost over fifty of its men. The IPKF is reported to have deployed
several thousand troops to surround
the area and used heavy artillery and
helicopters to mount attacks resulting
in many civilian casualties. An LTTE press release dated 23 March stated that the IPKF had set up six new military camps at Nithikaikulam,
Than ni mu ripp Aanandankulam 25 IPKF men we rate landmine at Mankulam and O following which were reported to operations in bot ing in the death ( Political anal that another ba might have prom in stance towar slow but gradu consolidation of the northern a through the Pro" Although not f EPRLF dominat ment is making gain the support its political framework of Agreement and trying to implen rehabilitation an provincial gover in the setting up teer Force (CVF being trained by normal law and
The LTTE reg vincial administ and has not hesit means at its di efforts by the l administration : date itself. The civilian administ those that are re tial to the life enforced strictly fies the ban can consequences. O Additional Govel na, Ramanathar lowing a sentenc him for collabora cial administrati
VISIT TO DELH
The reluctanc madasa's govern the limited powe thirteenth amer stitution and it adequate financ provincial admir the much publici March 11 by a t led by the form Minister, Varath Delhi. The del Minister Rajiv Affairs Minister
 

TAMIL TIMES 3
WSLBE
O N-E CHIEF MINISTER'S VISIT TO INDIA
O WIJEWEIERA & 1971 ‘INSURRECTION”
u, Kumula munai, and Nayaru. At least re killed in two sepatacks by the LTTE at ddusuddan on 6 April IPKF reinforcements have mounted major h these areas resultof at least 20 persons. ysts are speculating ckground factor that pted the LTTE's shift ds negotiation is the |al progress towards the EPRLF's hold in nd eastern provinces vincial Council set up. ully functioning, the ed Provincial Governstrenuous efforts to of the people by using power within the the Indo-Sri Lanka at the same time is nent a programme of ld reconstruction. The nment is also engaged of a Citizens Volun) whose members are the IPKF to carry out order functions. ards the EPRLF proration as illegitimate cated to employ all the sposal to disrupt all atter to restore civil and thereby consoliLTTE's ban on all
lative services, except garded by it as essenof the community, is
and anyone that den expect to face dire 'nly a few days ago, inment Agent of Jaff. n, was shot dead fole of death imposed on ation with the provin
O.
e of President Pre
ment to devolve even.
rs provided under the ndment to the Cons failure to allocate ial resources to the histration resulted in (sed 12-day visit from hree man delegatiion er North-East Chief araja Perumal to New egation met Prime
Gandhi, External
P.V. Narasimha Rao,
Defence Minister K.C. Pant, Minister of State for External Affairs K. Natwar Singh, Foreign Secretary S.K. Singh, and the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, M. Karunanidhi, who was also in New Delhi at about the same time having discussions with the Centre on the Sri Lankan Tamil question. Besides the Chief Minister, the EPRLF delegation consisted of its Secretary General K. Padmanaba, Central Committee Member K. Shanthan and Member of Parliament K. Premachandran (also known as Suresh).
Having plunged headlong in a strategy of supporting the Indo-Sri Lanka Accord and its implementation through the provincial council system and consequently having participated in the provincial council elections in the face of violent opposition from many quarters, including the LTTE, and finding itself saddled with "power, it would seem that the EPRLF found itself increasingly frustrated by the slow pace of devolution, lack of resources and an inability to create a law and order infrastructure to enable it to implement its programme for peace and reconstruction'.
Despite the many trips the Chief Minister made to Colombo to meet the President, nothing concrete was happening. The President has failed to devolve even the powers contained in the 13th Amendment. Bureaucrats were having a field day in misinterpreting the provisions of the powers that have been devolved. 300,000 people had been rendered homeless; 70,000 houses destroyed; almost all roads have been damaged; telecommunications and transport systems have collapsed. There was no shortage of funds. The millions of dollars pledged by donor countries for reconstruction of north and east are idling in banks in Colombo. The government has not even released funds for salaries to be paid to the CVP. The PC was unable to deal with land and land settlement. The colonisation of Tamil areas, particularly in the Weli Oya area, was still continuing.
On top of all this, the government was proposing to hold a referendum in the Eastern Province on July 5 which will result in certain bloodshed. It would seem that these were the issues that the EPRLF delegation raised with the Indian government leaders. It also sought assistance in the form of expertise and machinery to reconstruct the devasted N-E province.
The visit by the Chief Minister and

Page 4
4 TAMIL TIMES
his colleagues to India occured in the full glare of publicity and with the knowledge and consent of the Colombo government. But mischief-making Sinhala politicians and the chauvinistic press of Sri Lanka did not fail in their characteristic reaction. They questioned the propriety of the Chief Minister of a province visiting New Delhi and having discussions on "domestic matters' with leaders of a foreign country by-passing Colombo.
The Island' (24.3.89), which specialises
in anti-India hysteria, editorially charged Rajiv Gandhi of having blatantly interfered in the internal affairs of Sri Lanka once again . Two SLFP MPs raised duestions in Parliament saying, “It is like the Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister N.T. Rama Rao travelling to the USA and asking for aid from President Bush'.
"If the Indian government had entered into an agreement with the government of the USA to solve some problem affecting Andhra Pradesh, then Rama Rao would be entitled to go to the USA and discuss matters with President Bush if the Indian government fails to implement the Agreement. Since the Indian government was one of the signatories to the Indo-Sri Lanka Agreement and has a commitment to implement it, it was right for the CM of the N-E Provincial Council to raise matters with the Indian government when one of the signatories, Sri Lanka, fails to implement the provisions of the Agreement, K. Shanthan of the EPRLF said in defence of their visit to New Delhi.
EDF MEETS PRESIDENT
Fifteen members of EROS (now known as Eelavar Democratic Front - EDF) who were in prison for long periods were released on 6 April following a discussion between President Premadasa and the leaders of EDF. Velupillai Balakumar, the Secretary and some other leading members of EDF had met the President on two occasions in the course of which they raised certain demands the grant of which was considered necessary for the newly elected EDF MPs to attend Parliament. Up to now, they had kept away from attending Parliament.
Some of "the basic demands that would create a conducive climate' for EDF MPs to attend Parliament identified by Mr. Balakumar were the release of political prisoners, the repeal of the 6th Amendment to the Constitution, the abandonment of forced Sinhala colonisation particularly in the Mullaitivu area along Manal Aru (which is now called in Sinhala as Weli Oya) and the proposed referendum to be held in the east to determine the question of the merger of the northern and eastern provinces. r
Among the Tamil militant organistions, the EDF has had a nonantagonistic relationship with the
LTTE. Did the dist EDF leaders and th anything to do with ment of possible ta President and the L tion that is being r circles.
But the demand o the IPKF should with ly is not one with wh agreement. The ED gards that it is in th Tamil community to relations with India a antagonistic posture India would not be EDF. The EDF want LTTE being trapped trojan horse for Presic strategic designs.
JVP ANNIVERSARY
On April 5, the Ja Peramuna (JVP) cal mourning to be obse) anniversary of the 5 rection'. The insurre a simultaneous atta police stations in var island. The challenge the JVP leadership put down with great government under th Mrs. S. Bandaranaik death toll was estima region of 20,000.
What is of politicals fact that none of the of the JVP, with the Rohana Wijeweera a JVP. Most of them their own accord or v
PKE M/THE BY DECEM
Sri Lanka’s Defence Wijeratne, replying parliament on 5 Ap further contingent of Keeping Force (IPKF) island by June 30 an rest would be sent ba 31, 1989.
The IPKF Was invit by former President J it was hoped that it wi or three months but d tion of violence both south, they could not The IPKF went to S Tamil militants did n over their weapons to military which they w when the LTTE tur against the IPKF, changed. Neither Ja Rajiv Gandhi had eve a situation arising, th
45 KILL CAR-BOMB EX
At least 45 persons we others injured on 13 car-bomb exploded in

* APRIL 1989
ussions between President have he new developks between the TE is the quesaised in political
the LTTE that draw immediatech the EDF is in F leadership reinterests of the maintain friendly nd therefore any by the LTTE to welcomed by the s to prevent the into becoming a ent Premadasa’s
unatha Vimukthi led for a day of ved to mark the April 1971 'insur:tion began with ck on about 85 ious parts of the to the state by at that time was force by the then Le premiership of ke. The eventual ated to be in the
significance is the 1971 JVP leaders
sole exception of
ure today in the left the JVP on were forced out.
Those among them who showed signs of political activity have been targeted for attack and elimination by the present day JVP.
Another important point to note is the fact that when the JVP leaders met in Kelaniya on 2 April 1971 and decided to launch the "insurrection', Rohana Wijeweera was already in prison held in the secure Dutch-built fortress, the Jaffna Fort. His arrest and detention occured a few weeks earlier when he voluntarily presented himself at a police station in Amparai in the eastern province. During the "insurrection', a JVP contingent made a rather abortive amateurish attempt to spring Rohana out to freedom from the Jaffna Fort allegedly on orders from Rohana himself.
When 42 of the then JVP leaders were subsequently charged before a specially constituted Judicial Commission, Rohana Wijeweera totally disclaimed responsibility for the decision made by the Politbureau on 2 April 1971 to launch the insurrection and denounced it in no uncertain terms. He also denied that the attack on the Jaffna Fort to free him had his approval or prior knowledge. In brief, according to the then JVP leader, the whole exercise was masterminded by 'agent provocateurs’ some of whom had later turned witnesses for the prosecution.
In this background, the question posed by those with an intimate knowledge of what transpired in those days is: What then and why the present JVP and its leader Rohana Wijeweera were commemorating on 5 April 1989?
DRAWAL
MBER
Winister, Ranjan to a debate in ril, said that a the Indian Peace
would leave the
ld hopefully the ck by December
ed to the country ayawardene and ould leave in two
iue to the escala
in the north and eave as planned. ri Lanka as the ot want to hand the Sri Lankan ere fighting. But "ned their guns the situation yawardene nor n dreamt of such e Minister said.
ED IN PLOSION
re killed and 57 April when a the heart of the
eastern port city of Trincomalee near the clock tower. Among the dead were 8 Tamils and 3 Muslims but the majority of the victims belonged to the Sinhalese community. Following the incident violence erupted mainly directed at Tamils in the area in which at least 5 were killed.
The bomb had been planted in an old Morris Minor car and parked near the clock tower. After the explosion, the 'scene resembled a slaughterhouse. Limbs, legs and pieces of flesh were strewn all over the place, and blood was splattered around like red paint, one report said.
An indefinite curfew was promptly enforced with a view to prevent further spread of generalised violence.
No one claimed responsibility while the EPRLF and the LTTE put the blame on each other. A LTTE statement said that the incident was the product of a conspiracy between the IPKF and the EPRLF to discredit the Tigers. The EPRLF responded by saying that they were engaged in restoring peace and the administration; Trincomalee was their administrative centre and therefore it was inimical to their interests to indulge in that type of criminal violence.

Page 5
APRIL 1989
MADRAS NEWSLETTER:
by Arjuna
THE GOPALASWAMI SA THE JAYALALITHA DRA
With the Tamil Nadu Assembly elections having passed off peacefully in January, with the DMK government comfortably ensconced in power, with political stability having returned to the State, whoever expected in March that the political atmospheric pressure would shoot up so suddenly? March turned out to be the most eventful month in recent Tamil Nadu memory, with several high-powered events, one following the other in quick succession. In fact, the month provided real-life Tamil cinema, with Mr Karunanidhi as usual writing the script, Jayalalitha playing the role of the tragic heroine, V. Gopalaswami in the adventurous male lead and with ex-Speaker Pandian providing the comic part. The fights' were there in plenty, the action taking place in the Assembly itself, and the song and dance' came from minor actors from the AIADMK and Congress-I. There was a lot of suspense too, revolving around hero Gopalaswami and also around the behaviour pattern of plump heroine Jayalalitha. Since no Tamil cinema would be complete without the police also coming in, they also did their part, with city Police Commissioner P Dorai himself playing the stellar role. The sub-plots in the story involved Jayalalitha's political and personal confidant, M Natarajan, - on the heroine's side, and DMK MP Murasoli Maran on the hero’s side. Emotions of all kinds were brought out - Anger, Despair, Pathos, Bathos, Mystery, Intrigue . . . . As Oscar Wilde would have said it, it was a case of Life imitating Art!
Briefly, the events of March went thus. Although Mr Gopalaswami's Eelam saga” began in the first week of February, and was known by the second and third weeks, it was not until Mr Karunanidhi publicly released the letter written to him by Mr Gopalaswami at a press conference on March 3, that the political fall-out began to be felt. (See box - That emotion-charged letter). The letter iated February 5 was stated to have peen delivered to Mr. Karunanidhi through a messenger only on February 24. five days after the party general secretary K. Anbalagan had publicly issassociated the party and the leader irom the MP's trip. The letter itself aras released only on March 3 after a turriedly summoned Press Conference at the end of a Cabinet meeting; at shich point of time Mr Gopalaswami
had not yet retur mission. At least, On the 4th, the In speculating that Vavuniya, and t. custody of the Il hand, unnamed . quoted as saying ing for him and tha the northern coa The very next d Gopalaswami surf Madras, and held
at the DMK head valayam”.
Why was the February 5 deliv, nidhi only on the tion, Mr Karunal know. Asked the Mr Gopalaswami to hand it over : mediately after m
Mr Karunanidh 3 was that Mr undertaken this enthusiasm that undertake the t conform to the pressmen tried to asking whether ac against Mr Gopal party discipline, t stepped the questi Gopalaswamil's ap not the policy.
Mr Gopalaswal Conference on Mal headline news. E thought it discree page play as the P headline: GOPA) AFTER MEETING although much of mi said went to c( HINDU had been readers.
On the followin accountable reaso stiffened his stand visit as a "highly while talking to there was no diffic and going to Sri normal channel; a his daughter Selv wife who went to S function. Many jo Jaffna even witho the IPKF base il unnecessary adve
able to the DMK
 

TAMIL TIMES 5
GA &
AMA
ned from his secret it was presumed so. ian media was busy he MP was still in hat he was in the KF. On the other PKF sources were that they were lookat he was last seen at st of Valvettiturai. ay, on the 5th, Mr aced dramatically in a Press Conference
quarters, Anna Ari
letter written on ered to Mr Karuna24th? To this queshidhi said he did not same question later, said "I wanted them a little late, not imy departure'.
i's position on March G. need not have perilous journey. It had impelled him to rip, but it did not party stand. When o pin him down by tion would be taken aswami for flouting he CM adroitly sideon. He said it was Mr proach that differed,
mi's crowded Press rch 5 naturally made Even THE HINDU t to give it big front age 1 lead under the LASWAMY BACK G PRABHAKARAN, what Mr Gopalaswabntradict what THE
all along telling its
g day, for some unn Mr Karunanidhi He termed his MP's t irresponsible act', reporters. He said ulty in getting a visa Lanka through the nd cited the case of i and his nephew's ri Lanka to attend a urnalists had visited ut visas, going from n Tambaram. "This nture is unaccepthe said. Whatever
Mr Gopalaswami had seen, heard and observed in Jaffna was nothing new, and he has not brought any news. Many people, including several DMK sources found the chief Minister's arguments unconvincing, but no one spoke out. Going to Colombo on a visa is not the same thing as going to meet Prabhakaran in the Vavuniya jungles. It was hardly likely that the Sri Lankan government would have agreed to give a visa to a known LTTE propagandists such as Mr Gopalaswami, even if he had applied for one; and even if he was given the visa, surely he could not have been permitted to visit Vavuniya and meet Prabhakaran. But Mr Karunanidhi's statements, whatever made him say those, had one positive result. The earlier aggressive stances from New Delhi and Colombo became muted. Sri Lankan Foreign Minister Mr. Ranjan Wijeratne who told the BBC in a telephone interview that they would ask India to take action against Mr. Gopalaswami for illegally entering the island or alternatively to extradite him to Sri Lanka so that they could take action, became considerably mollified. When he met acting Indian High Commissioner Nirupan Sen on the 8th, he expressed
satisfaction at the statements made by Mr. Karunanidhi.
With the heat and dust evoked by L'Affaire Gopalaswami reduced considerably by Mr Karunanidhi's surprisingly strong statements, it was soon eclipsed by the two by-elections to the Tamil Nadu Assembly, in the Madurai East and Marungapuri constituencies, marking two electoral reverses for a party that was hardly two months in power. It became a great boost for the re-unified AIADMK under the leadership of Ms. Jayalalitha, but somehow that hour of triumph did not seem to be bringing much cheer to the comely Leader of the Opposition. Not only did she fail to make her appearance in the election fray, she had been failing to make an appearance in the Assembly itself, with Deputy leader Thirunavukkarasu carrying the burden even while the DMK government was taking the war into MGR's alleged liquor empire. Why was the lady unhappy? Was she ailing from some unknown disease? Speculation was running high. She was getting inaccessible even to her own party men. And then broke a Storm.
On the 18th, Jayalalitha's controversial confidant Natarajan was arrested by the Police, who said they were acting on the basis of a criminal charge brought in by a Jayalalitha supporter, alleging large-scale misappropriation of money in connection with the elections. It was also reported that Ms Jayalalitha had in a letter sent to the Speaker resigned her office and seat in the Assembly, and was quitting politics. The letter was not disputed, but the very next day, the AIADMK pro

Page 6
6 TAMIL TIMES
tested that such a letter was not sent to the Speaker. Then who had sent it? And if it was not intended to be sent, why was it written at all? The AIADMK alleged that it was political vendetta on the part of Mr Karunanidhi and took out protest processions. Meanwhile rumours began to circulate that Ms Jayalalitha herself had been arrested leading to violence in several places. Assembly Speaker Thamilkudimagan announced that he accepted Ms
That emotion-charged letter
A free translation from Tamil to English of the letter written by Mr. Gopalaswami to Mr Karunanidhi, dated Feb 5 and delivered to him on the 24th. Only certain operative portions are given:
"I submit this letter at the feet of Dr Kalaignar, the motivatinng force behind me, dearer than my own life. When you receive this letter and if I were alive then, I would be journeying in the jungles of Vavuniya to meet brother Prabhakaran. I have undertaken this trip after deep consideration for several days... I have never looked upon you as an ordinary Chief Minister. My unquenchable desire is that the world should see my leader as the person who changed the distressing fate of Eelam Tamils and restored to Tamils their pride. Prabakharan has taken a firm stand in the Eelam battlefield and he sticks to it. He has written to me from death throes that he considers you the only ray of light amidst the enveloping darkness. I thought of the Eelam trip to explain to him your feelings that any good strategy should take into account the factors of time, place, the strength of the opponent and that one of one's own ... Were I to be caught by the Sinhala army or by IPKF, you know that I will act in such a way as not to create any problem either to our party or to our government and will be prepared to even sacrifice my life . . . .On thousands of platforms, I have recited your verse - "honour is the lullaby my son listened to; death is the game he played' - and till my last, I will recite only your glory".
Jayalalitha's assurance that she never intended to resign, and that the resignation letter that reached him under mysterious circumstances was not sent by Ms Jayalalitha. Meanwhile, Mr Natarajan alleged that the police arrested him because he refused to hand over the resignation letter. Although Ms Jayalalitha had told him over the phone to destroy the letter, he did not do so as he wanted to destroy it
in the presence of M self and Ms Sasikala and his wife. As to w thought it necessal resignation letter at . plained, but rumou Jayalalitha had bee rows with Nataraja matters, and felt let person she trusted strung person by na which made her get and write that resig goes the grapevine.
The violence that ri bly on 25th was the e tion of a series of b dramas that were goi end of March, Chief nidhi appears to ha well under control. H Police not to proce Jayalalitha, althou several criminal cor her, he told the Assen On the violent incide in which both parties said, "I am pained, an in shame'.
It is not altogether what with Ms Jayalal to return to the Asse the Karunanidhi gove in power, and with th Congress-I joining har the DMK governmer possible and hoping tervention if not the C tion. But it is very ul drama involving Ms Ja lead to any further pol the State. What really is the possible sequel wami saga.
Mr Karunanidhi vis on the 15th and 16th with some curious stat met Prime Minister R. declared that he and M were on the 'same wav Sri Lanka issue. Minis External Affairs Natv called on him. While vulge details of his Prime Minister, he sa could be solved only th tions involving all gr LTTE. "The Prime Min is not inconsistent with he said. Asked if he w( unilateral cease-fire b create a cordial atm discussions with the L' groups, the Chief Minis cease-fire, laying down LTTE and lasting peace related and would come As for Mr Gopalaswam it was "not taken seric side'. Several deduct. drawn from the above. nidhi has shifted his e the question of Tam apparently has Mr. Rae issues relating to the

APRIL 1989
Jayalalitha herler personal aide y Ms Jayalalitha to write that l, remains unexhas it that Ms having regular | over financial own by the very nost. A highlyure, it was this to a fit of pique lation letter, so
cked the Assem"entual culminahind-the-scenes g on, but by the inister Karuna'e the situation e has asked the ed against Ms. gh there were plaints against bly on the 28th. its in the House were affected, he l I bow my head
a happy ending, itha vowing not mbly as long as (nment remains e AIADMK and nds to embarass it as much as
for divine inCentre intervennlikely that the yalalitha would itical dust-up in needs watching to the Gopalas
ited New Delhi and came out aments. Having ajiv Gandhi, he r. Rajiv Gandhi 2 length on the ter of State for var Singh had refusing to dialks with the d the problem rough negotiaups, including ster's response our approach, uld insist on a the IPKF to sphere before TE and other ter said that a of arms by the were all interin a package. s visit, he said usly by either ons could be f Mr. Karunarlier stand on il Eelam, so iv Gandhi on TTE. Are all
parties involved - the Indian Government, the Tamil Nadu Government, the Sri Lanka Government - trying to underplay the Gopolaswami episode? If so, why? Despite what Mr Gopalaswami had come out with at his Press conference, conjectures, theories, and speculations about the background behind his secret mission, about the manner of the visit and about what he conveyed to Mr. Karunanidhi on his return, one gets the feeling that not all the truth has come out. The Tamillanguage periodicals in Tamil Nadu - "Thevi', 'Tharasu', "Thoondil', 'Junior Vikatan', 'Junior Post', 'Ungal Visitor', "Namathu Nirupar' - a whole gamut of political journals that have sprouted here in recent years, had a field day, and all of them had roaring sales at news stands. Having read at least twenty different versions of Gopalaswami episode, I asked Mr Gopalaswami himself how much of the 'stories' were true? 'Roughly about 70% untrue', he said with a twinkle in his eye.
There is reason to believe that a political formula is being worked out in order to hammer out a permanen settlement, short of Tamil Eelam of course, but assuring Tamils of a high degree of autonomy, in which the LTTE would be offered a leading role. As to how the Indian and Tamil Nadu governments hope to get the LTTE drawn into it, or the Sri Lanka government agree to it, remains a mystery.

Page 7
... APRIL 1989
VIOLENT SCENES IN 1
Leader of the Opposition Jayalalitha was assaulted by some Ministers and DMK legislators and earlier Chief Minister M. Karunanidhi was roughed up by AIADMK members as violence rocked the Tamil Nadu Assembly.
And all AIADMK members, barring one who was absent today (28 in effect), were later suspended from the House till March 31 for their "unruly behaviour' and "attempt to obstruct the proceedings of the House'.
For more than 15 minutes the violence was unabated and Ms Jayalalitha became the main target of attack. Blows, kicks and budget documents were rained on her by DMK Ministers and members even as her party colleagues tried to protect her and retaliate. The announcement by the Speaker that he was adjourning the House had no effect at all.
Karunanidhi attacked
Mr. Karunanidhi himself was attacked by an AIADMK member and the budget papers were snatched from his hands and torn to pieces. His spectacles were broken in the process, and he had to be escorted out of the House by the marshals.
Congress-I leader G.K. Moopanar, sitting a seat away from Ms Jayalalitha, also found himself the target of books and chappals. So did some of his party colleagues.
The violence was a sequel to thể Jayalalitha resignation episode over which both, Ms Jayalalitha and Congress-I deputy leader Kumari Amanthan had given notice for breach of privilege motions.
There was palpable tension since the morning, and there was an air of expectancy about what course the AIADMK would adopt over the resignation drama. Ms. Jayalalitha, who had come to the Assembly precincts as early as 9.30 am, first had discussions with some of her party leaders and followed it up with discussions with Congress-I deputy leader Kumari Ananthan and others.
Points of Order
When the House assembled at 11am for the presentation of the budget for 1989-90 by Mr.Karunanidhi, who also holds the Finance portfolio, first Mr. Kumari Ananthan and then Ms. Jayalalitha rose on the points of order demanding that the privilege notices given by them be taken up immediately. Ms. Jayalalitha, who made references to alleged misuse of the police by the Chief Minister and demanded the resignation of his cabinet, also wanted the adjournment motion for which she had given notice to be taken up immediately instead of the budget.
But former Speaker and the lone
Members (
member of what PH Pandikan ment’s defence marks, which ha ty members pro done, Mr. Pand: self hoarse, eve; members move the aisle.
Speaker Than everyone and marks made till would give his ru ity of the privi adjournment m needed time to decide whether t case for their ac
A distraught Ms portion of her s Minister Muruga
He pointed ou presentation of by the Governor Speakers had se the day of bu( House could no business. He t Karunanidhi to
TeS
Mr.Karunanic the budget spee members prote also stood up an prepared text. vered his mike v “Go and tell Sh actor whose na been linked wit litha'. She seem but continued ti Karunanidhi cc said the same th
Heb
And then h AIADMK mem rushed down t Karunanidhi, ap structing him. F other party col crowded round could be se en
 

TAMIL TIMES 7
AMIL NADU ASSEMBLY
Ome fO BIOVVS
was the AIADMK-JR, came to the governand made certain re
ad the Jayalalitha par
testing. Not to be outlan was shouting himn as several AIADMK d threateningly down
hizhkudimagan calmed expunged all the rethen and said that he uling om the admissibillege motions and the otions on Monday. He study the notices and here was a prima facie lmission.
Jayalalitha displays the aree allegedly torn by 2.
it that the date for the the Budget was fixed and rulings by earlier et a precedent that on idget presentation the ot take up any other hen called upon Mr. present the Budget.
hoban Babu”
dhi started reading out ech, even as AIADMK sted. Ms. Jayalalitha d started reading out a Mr. Karunanidhi cowith his hand and said oban Babu (a Telugu me had at one time h that of Ms. Jayalaed visibly taken aback, o read out a text. Mr. overed his mike and ning to her again. reaks loose
ell broke loose. An ber K.A. Sengotaiyan he aisle towards Mr. oparently intent on obHe was joined by some leagues, and as they Mr. Karunanidhi, he h staggering back,
apparently assaulted by AIADMK members and his budget speech copy snatched. A moment later it was shred to pieces and thrown up in the air.
As this was going on DMK membek sprung to action. Probably the first to react was Deputy Speaker P. Doraisamy, who charged down and landed the first blow on the AIADMK members before being pulled back by Parliamentary Secretary L. Ganesan and others.
Hin a moment, several AIADMK
members were tearing up budget
speech copies that were being distri
buted to them and were throwing them
up in the air.
Jayalalitha assaulted
But by then some Ministers including Transport Minister M. Kannappan, Information Minister Pon Muthuramalingam and Agriculture Minister Ko Si Mani had crowded around Mr. Karunanidhi and could be seen throwing punches and books and pads towards Ms. Jayalalitha. A blow by Mr Kannappan landed on Ms Jayalalitha's shoulder and as missiles started flying around, she sank back into her seat to ward off the blows. Her party colleagues, including deputy leader S. Thirunavukkarasu and whip KKSSR Ramachandran tried to throw a protective cordon around her. The latter even held for a brief while with a cardboard pad close to her to protect
her head.
DMK men kick her
One DMK member, with his dhoti folded up, was on the table separating the treasury benches from the opposition and kicked at Ms Jayalalitha. He was promptly brought down by Mr Kumari Ananthan with a violent tug round the DMK man's waist. Similar attempts were made later by some other DMK members also.
In the meantime, Speaker Thamizhkudimagan, who was witnessing the scenes helplessly, adjourned the House and went out. Marshals who had entered the House to restore calm could not achieve anything. With the situation worsening the Chief Minister was escorted out of the House by the marshals.
But the battle inside raged on. Mikes were wrenched off their moorings and sent flying across the hall. One DMK member grabbed the lectern Mr. Karunanidhi had been using to read out the budget speech and tried to crash it down on where Ms Jayalalitha was sitting. He was pushed back, but came back again this time trying to throw it in the direction of Mr Moopanar. He was thwarted again. The lectern had earlier been sought to be used as a
Continued on p.17

Page 8
8 TAMIL TIMES
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Now the landmines have come south, and with them a killing species calling themselves Black Cats. They strike after an attack by subversives on the Government's security personnel, usually policemen. A pattern of reprisal killings earlier set in the North; except that the landmine layers were then called separatist terrorists, and the vicitms were usually soldiers.
Black Cats killed 17 young people, including a woman, at Eppawala in the Anuradhapura district on March 20, hours after three policemen died in a landmine explosion. Notes claiming responsibility left near the bodies were signed "Black Cats'. The deaths were punishment for followers of Rohana Wijeweera the notes said. Press reports also said that there were at least 50 victims in one day's killing. After local residents accused the police and questions were raised in parliament Deputy Defence Minister Ranjan Wijeratne promised a top-level CID inquirу.
Black Cats had gone on the rampage shooting, and burning houses. Sometimes the bodies appeared mysteriously by the roadside. Some were those of
youths arrested earlie claimed. Terrorised fleeing the district.
Deputy Inspector G for the North Central madasa Udugampola that he was investigati According to the Sun apprehend the Black week. "I don't want th any other group to tak of the police and kill p told the Sun (March 2. The Eppawala kill second incident in whic killed after policemen v the Anuradhapura adr trict. Earlier seven su sives were shot dead b. "uniforms at Mahavila
DIG Udugampola p Black Cat killings at 3( residents' estimates ar personnel tend to agre
Mr. Udugampola to Times that he will res security in the North C in three months.
Security services we
 

APRIL 1989
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Cats within a e Black Cats or ce the authority people', the DIG B).
ings were the h civilians were vere attacked in ministrative disspected subvery armed men in chchiya.
uts the toll of ) to 35, but local e higher. Army
e. ld the Sunday store peace and entral Province
re put on max
imum alert after the Anuradhapura district killings, following information of subversive attempts to cripple normal life throughout the country in protest.
Meanwhile Government sources said that new laws were to be brought in to strengthen the hands of the security forces in dealing with subversive activities. The police and other security forces were facing problems after the 5-year long state of Emergency was lifted, the sources said.
In Parliament on March 23 Opposition Leader Mrs. Sirimavo Bandaranaike called for an independent probe into the Eppawela killings. She asked that the probe team should consist of police officers drawn from outside the North Central Province.
Minister Ranjan Wijeratne said in reply, that a special CID team would probe the killings. The Minister said that killings were taking place elsewhere in the country too, and expressed hope that the Opposition Leader would show as much concern about UNP members who were also being killed.

Page 9
APRIL 1989
ETTERS
TURNING A FRIEND INTO AN ENEMY
Far too many events have taken place since July 1987, when the full involvement of India became a reality. The roles that our Tamil groups filled up to this period is highly commendable.
Tamils greeted the arrival of India on to our stage with much enthusiasm and lot of optimism. Unfortunately after about two months of the Indians' presence our initial 'saviour' label of them gradually turned into 'conqueror label. The tongue waggings were so loose that it went to the extent of accusing India that they have come for their own interests.
As a Tamil, I find our attitude towards the Indians' role had been ungrateful, provocative, uncooperative, uncompromising to the extent of prolonging the suffering of our people. If only all our groups had cooperated with India to implement the ACCORD right from the word go, many lives especially of the innocent people would have been spared. By now certain positive directions in terms of planning and implementation would have taken place, The ACCORD as spelt out may not have solved all problems but that would have been the framework to say the least, from which all our aspirations could have materialised with India's mediation. Instead of this approach we made our friends as our enemy and drove them towards the opposite campl
Let me now in a point form elucidate our misconceptions and the directions to head for, as follows:
1. Ungrateful
From 1983, July onwards we were welcomed in India with or without a Passport, some were camped and fed by the Indian Government. Our groups too got their full support in all forms.
India landed in Sri Lanka when the Tamils and groups were helpless during the Point Pedro/Vadamarachchi offensive was on by the Sri Lankan armed forces. Surely our memory cannot be that short to forget these and become ungrateful!
2. Provocative
Some of our groups provoked the IPKF and lost their respect. Having done this and when the deaths and sufferings were mounting, we started complaining bitterly but there was no one to listen to our self inflicted pity.
3.Uncooperative Having bungled initially, our groups did not even heed to the subsequent
call by India to support the ACCORD
and play the democratic game of politics. This attitude still continues, hence our suffering too will continue until this attitude is overcome.
4.Uncompromi
It was under supported the point when the only hope agai ment. This had decentralised at what is preval nately our grou an alternative ferings due to tude.
India was dr due to the wa prevailed at tha Our misconcept purely for their drummed into groups. India is region and will Lanka from N present world p power will war and support Sr realise the real came to Sri ourselves. The Indians out of democratically bring peace to c
6.Status quo Let us at this status quo as province and b people. The follo be faced:
a) Eelam as an should be abar wards a decent for the Tamil sp b) All arms a surrendered by : tive policing for c) Gun cultur Tamil cultural v
d) Democracy suited ideology in our areas. Res away with jungl
e) Confidence IPKF have to b with them for ou
f) Tamils ab holding foreign ter by being loy choice instead of their kith and k birth.
g) Give full s 'elected admini East province franchise at the against this adm
h) Tamils in th know what is they must come the political act destiny.
i) All forms of of Tamil cause to One is convinced
eaSO.
j) Politics is t
 

TAMIL TIMES 9
sing.
standable that Tamils !elam cause up to the Indians arrived, as the st a Sinhala Governto be compromised to a ministration similar to ent in India. Unfortuos refused to see this as and prolonged our sufheir intransigent atti
agged into Sri Lanka ve of sympathy that t time in Tamil Nadu. ion is that India came benefit. This is being Tamil minds by the a super power in our be able to control Sri w Delhi itself. In the ower politics, no super it to antagonise India i Lanka. Hence let us reason as to why India Lanka and not fool quickest way to get our area will be to follow the rules and
Ur Te8S.
late stage accept the at now in North/East uild a future for our wing realities have to
h independent state cry hdoned and work toralised administration eaking areas.
nd ammunitions to be
all groups and an effec
2e to be set up early.
'e to be given up and 'alues to be upheld.
is the best and well o follow and practised spect each other and do e or instant justice.
of the Indians and e won by cooperating ur benefit. road, especially now passports may do betral to their country of making life difficult to in in their country of
upport to the present stration in the North/ and exercise their 2 next election for or ministration.
le North/East province best for them. Hence
out and take part in civities to steer their
zollections in the name be discouraged unless | to know the specific
he art of possibilities
and different courses have to be followed for different causes.
When a person is provoked he is bound to react the way he wants and no rules could be dictated by the other party. Reasons like they are only "peacekeeping force', they killed 'our women and children' and carried out "excesses' etc. etc. are and will be unheeded when the communication or respect between the two sides are lost.
R. Ganesharatnam. Homebush NSW 2140
Australia.
SLMC and the Rushdie Affair.
It has been wisely said that mixing religion with politics is more dangerous - in the Sri Lankan situation more disastrous - than mixing politics with religion.
Exploring the religious propensity of ordinary people, the Sri Lanka Muslim Congress has been poisoning the political environment by mixing religion with politics.
Regardless of the consequences it now enters the joust on the Satanic Verses affair as a side-kick in the team of Ayatolah Khomeini. Worse, it endorses the order to assassinate the controversial author on the allegation that his book has blasphemed and ridiculed Islam'.
Incidentally, is a vibrant religion like Islam which has withstood many onslaughts so fragile that it cannot face up to insults or distortions, intended or unintended? Save Islam from its friends is a more appropriate call
One simple question: From where do Ayatollah K. and the SLMC derive their auithority to issue this egregious “religious decree’?
Jurist and Islamic scholar Prof Asaf AA Fayzee in his 'A Modern Approach to Islam” is categorical. “Strictly speaking there is no “orthodoxy” or “unorthodoxy in Islam. Only an organised church can lay down canons of orthodoxy, heresy and unorthodoxy. If there is no church, it is difficult to conceive of a heretic or an unorthodox person."
When the Shi'ite trend, whose spokesman today is Ayatollah K. appeared in Islam, it was condemned as a heresy, for, inter alia, its denunciation of the first three RightlyGuided Khalifas, the Companions of the Prophet, who were universally revered in mainstream Sunni Islam.
(By the way, the great Iobal, in our day, was reviled as a heretic for his poem 'Ram' in which he declared the Hindu deity Rama as a prophet and a beacon light.)
Ayatollah K and the SLMC have
Continued on p.14

Page 10
10 AMS
THE JULY 5 A NEW SHADOW
One of the last acts of ex-President Jayewardene before he gave up office was to fix July 5, 1989 as the new date for the Referendum in the Eastern Province, a referendum which is meant to decide whether the Northern, Eastern Provinces of Sri Lanka should remain permanently merged. Originally, the referendum was to have been held on December 31 1988. The relevant clauses under the Indo-Sri Lanka Agreement of 29 July, 1987 were as follows:-
2.3. There will be a referendum on or before December 31 1988 to enable the people of the Eastern Province to
decide whether:
a) The Eastern Province should remain linked with the Northern Province as one administrative unit, and continue to be governed together with the Northern Province
as specified in Para 2.2, or
b) The Eastern Province should constitute a separate administrative unit having its ouvin distinct Provincial
THE GOVERNMENT VIEW
“We cannot divide the country into pieces'
“We will adhere strictly to the terms of the Indo-Sri Lanka Peace Accord. A referendum will be held on the date specified by the President Mr. R. Premadasa, on the question of whether the North and East should remain a merged province. The United Nation
al Party will not support a canton system in the North and East. We cannot divide the country into pieces which will be the outcome of a canton system, with the Muslims ruling their regions and the Tamils ruling theirs.'
- Ranjan Wijeratne, Minister of Foreign Affairs and General Secretary of the ruling United
National Party
SRI LANKA MUSLIM CONGRESS
"We are for merger with separate Muslim Council'
"Everything depends on what the government wants. If it wants peace, it can have peace. If it wants bloodshed it can have bloodshed. If it wants to precipitate violence it can precipitate violence. We are working not only to win the rights of the muslim community but also to cooperate with all parties concerned in order to restore
peace.
The mere fact that our solution is within the framework of a permanent merger itself should satisfy to a great extent the aspirations of the Tamils. The Muslims are not prepared to be dominated either by the Tamils or Sinhalese. The government cannot hold the referendum or an election expecting the voters to return the result it wants. The government must be ready to accept the electoral realities and the wishes of the people. The SLMC feels that the
Indo-Lanka Accord should be revised so as to dispense with the referendum. Otherwise, we fear it will be impossible to prevent bloodshed.
"If the referendum is not held and a Muslim majority council is not granted it will mean that the Tamils want to dominate the Muslims. On the other hand, if the referendum is held and the provinces separated, the Muslims would fear Sinhala domination.
"We are against the referendum, but that does not mean the Tamils can force us to support a permanent merger. The SLMC wants a Muslim majority council within the framework of a merged north and east.
"Whether it be Tamils or Sinhalese, if they fail to understand the language of peace then one should not blame the Muslim community resorting to an alternative language.'

APRIL 1989
REFERENDUM / OVER SRV LANKA
Council with a separate Governor, Chief Minister and
Board of Ministers.
The President may, at his discretion, decide such a
referendum. Clause 2.1 says:-
(the two signatories) resolve that - since the Government of Sri Lanka proposes to permit adjoining provinces to join to form one administrative unit and also by referendum to separate as may be permitted to the Northern
and Eastern provinces . . .
... (emphasis ours)
In the absence of any announcement of further postponement of the referendum by the new President Mr. Premadasa, this has become a subject of major controversy among all sections of opinion in Sri Lanka. Will this be the
flashpoint for a new cataclysm and a new orgy of violence in the Island? TAMIL TIMES presents here a wide spectrum
of opinion on the subject :-
EROS/EDF VIEW
if there is a referendum, may God help . . .
"If it was to be only a referendum, why was a clause giving the President discretionary power to postpone it included in the Indo-Lanka accord? Why that clause if it was sacrosanct that a referendum be held within a year? The fact is that those who were responsible for the accord had in mind the necessity of this clause in order not to create more unnecessary tragedies. And it'll be a supreme folly if by some means or other one believes that there will be peace and normalcy when this merged Tamil homeland is undone.
"We say that on principle, the referendum is not necessary. If you want to have it, ask the people in the entire north-east, not only the east. The referendum itself is in the accord because some mandarins in Delhi thought it was worthwhile. Not a
single Tamil leader worth his name could have signed an accord which had such provision in it.
“We feel the accord was a beginning. It brought some respite. It also enabled the Tamil people to put up a new generation of Tamil leadership. So there are positive sides to it. But let's not undo this by insisting on implementing the accord in
toto.
"If some of these leaders
are stupid enough to push for the referendum, God help the Sinhalese and the Tamils. The options are very clear. Either they can encourage the trend where the Tamil groups have turned towards the democratic path even though they don't have much hope as such, but are still willing to work a way out, or they can drive them all back to say that we are never part of this nation . . . '
Shankar Raji, spokesman for the Eelavar Democratic Front (EDF), political wing of the Eelam Revolutionary Organisation (EROS)
EPRLF VIEW
"We have no wish to dominate another minority
“We Tamils have been a dominated minority and we know what it is like. Therefore we have no wish to dominate another minority in the same manner. If the Northern and Eastern provinces are merged it will mean that certain concessions will have to be made
towards the minority Muslims of the Eastern province. The Muslim community today, especially Muslim youth, want a separate identity which is different from that of Tamil-speaking people. we recognise the need and are willing to work out a framework that would pro

Page 11
APRIL 1989
vide ways and means for the Muslims in the East to realise their aspirations.
"The Muslim community in the Eastern province is concentrated in pockets such as Oddamavadi, Eravur, and Kathankudy within Tamilmajority areas. In trying to include the separate Muslim identity within the Eastern province, we are willing to look at ideas such as the Swiss cantons system or the administration of the Union
Territory of Pondicherry India as models to work o This would mean that th pockets of Muslim commun ties would join to form Muslim adminstrative stru ture within the framework the provincial council sy tem. Whatever the conce sions given to Muslims, think it is necessary to won within the Indo-Sri Lank peace accord which requir that the Northern and Eas ern provinces be merged form one province.'
vænv Sam Thambimuttu, EPRLF member
Parliament, Batticalc
SLMP VIEW
"Postpone referendum till December'
“A postponement (of the referendum) until December is desirable, because it is in keeping with the spirit, though not the strict letter, of the Indo-Sri Lanka accord to give the newly constituted North-Eastern Provincial Council government time to consolidate itself. If the referendum is postponed indefinitely or put off repeatedly, then the JVP will thrive. In any case, even Lenin advocated a referendum as best device to democratically ascertain the wishes of the people of a given locality as concern s arrangements which are to do with the Nationalities question.
"Even if the referendum is held in December, the materials that render the northeast highly inflammable still remain, because these are questions of demography and the ethnic consciousness which cannot be solved in a
time span of one or even few years.
"The greatly belated reco nition by the Tamil organis tions of the specifity of th Muslim identity and the con comitant necessity for sul unit devolution (autonomou areas) for the Muslim peopl of the East is most we come . . . The only solution perhaps to remove as muc as possible of the aforeme tioned ‘inflammable mati rial'. The way to do this is b re-drawing the boundaries the North-East in such manner that the Sinhal. majority are excised. The areas in Vavuniya can h attached to Anuradhapur those such as Seruwila Polonnaruwa, and as wi suggested in the Chidamba am proposals of Decemb 1986, Ampara should be e cluded from the merged pr vince. . . .'
- Dayan Jayatilleka, who resigned recently a Minister in the North-East provincial gov in a letter to EPRLF leader P.Padmanabh
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TAMIL TIMES 11
SLFP VIEW
Merger will be unfair by other provinces'
ching for a stable peace. The LTTE and the JVP are both against the accord because it serves only the interests of India . . . Moreover, I believe that if the Northern and e as term pro v in ce s are merged it will be unfair by other provinces. The Northern and Eastern provinces together contain a third of the entire land mass of the country and two-thirds of its coastline. Apart from that, it will also include five of the island’s ten fisheries harbours.'
- Mahinda Wijesekera, SLFP MP, Matara
NSSP STAND
"Merger should be permanent without referendum
countries have worked things out on this basis, especially countries like Belgium where enclaved villages are governed from outside the province in which they are situated. Take the Maldive Islands, which has an area of 385 square miles. It consists of 1200 islands governed from Male, the capital, which is over a mile by sea from some islands.
'A sense of identity is essential to any human being . . . The Tamil identity overides the differences between the different groups of Tamils in Sri lanka. Making use of the dissensions between the Tamils of the North and the East to split the Tamils is something we are opposed to . . . '
Dr. Wickramabahu Karunaratne, General Secretary Nava Sama Samaja Party
n
.
e i- "The merger of the Northern a and Eastern provinces - should be examined in the of light of the Indo-Lanka peace s- accord. Since the signing of s- the peace accord Sri Lankan I politics has become Indian k politics. Sri Lanka was forced a to sign the accord which now is serves only the interests of t- India. The accord has not to been in the interests of any Sri Lankan. In fact, everyone f has been against it. The trouble in the south has grown out of the accord. The people in the North are still sear
3.
'From the beginning we have been against this kind of referendum. We believe that the North and East should be )ー merged permanently. A referendum must be held (after the provincial government has functioned to its fullest capacity for over a year) among the Sinhalese and the Muslims. They can then decide whether they want to remain in the merged Northern-eastern province or whether they want to be affiliated to another province. They cannot decide whether the Tamils in the ဖုံ North and East must live seperately or together. That is not their right. That the r Tamils can sort out amongst X- themselves. O- “We have always said this, and still maintain it. Other
S rt.
a.
AMOUS ACK SINGER AJA DEAD
(58), noted playback n a nursing home in ndia, on 8.4.89 followa moving train at the way station. Mr. Raja g for a performance
the members of his been left behind at After sending one of embers to fetch the usician, he went to ain,
when he slipped
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Page 12
12 TAMIL TIMES
JAYAWARDENE's DAMA
Damage done to the electoral system
The greatest damage that Jayawardene has done to democracy in Sri Lanaka is to the electoral process. Pre afhd post election violence has been a feature of the Sri Lankan political scene for the past two decades but it is during Jayawardene's regime and under his sponsorship, that the degree of intimidation at the polls has cast serious doubts on the results. Reference has already been made to the 1982 Referendum where some 2.4 million people (30% of the electorate) could not even get to the polls because of government sponsored hooliganism. If this is added to the 39% who were able to register a dissenting vote, then the government which obtained 3.1 million votes (only 38% of the registered voters) had lost the Referendum and Jayawardene ruled between 1982 snd 1989 without a mandate from the people.
The 1988 Presidential election and the 1989 general election show a continuation of the same phenomenon. In both elections, the level of voter intimidation and what is more important, selective intimidation in areas where the Opposition support was high and extensive ballot rigging, have cast serious doubts on the validity of both results. The line taken by the government was that the JVP was responsible for this violence. Although it is true that in late 1987 and early 1988 the violence was by the JVP, there is considerable doubt as to whether in the immediate pre-election period, the JVP was responsible for some of the violence. It has been alleged that President Premadasa was himself responsible for sponsoring some of this so-called 'JVP violence'. Were it not so, it is difficult to explain the sudden and abrupt halt to the violence after Premadasa's victory was announced in mid-December 1988. Even more significant was the restart of violence with the murder of over a dozen SLFP candidates immediately before the General Election in mid-February 1989. The clear beneficiaries of this violence were Premadasa and the UNP since the intimidation of voters was mainly in areas which have traditionally supported Mrs. Bandaranaike and the SLFP. If the JVP was in fact responsible for this violence, then after the Presidential election and more so after the General Election, there would have been an explosion of violence, which in fact did not occur. There are unanswered questions about who really was responsible for the violence attributed to the JVP which ensured Premadasa's election, which the new president must address if he is to clear
Dr Brian Sene
his name and that of are similar to those th, has to answer regardin massacre of Tamils. Today, the electoral Lanka has degenerate the Phillipines in the l even the presence off (several were present general election) deter) gers and hoodlums, su gree of government Jayawardene and the p he established are cle: for this serious situatio be irreversible. It deni Sri Lanka the democra they have enjoyed for vote for the politicians The 1988 Presidential 1989 General Election such an extent that it impossible for the peop to change their gove head of state by democ would therefore not cor if sections of the pop violent and undemocra such an unfortunate e the responsibility m Jayawardene and the la al rigging he has left b
Strangling the media, freedom of expressio the Trade Unions.
In 1970, Jayawar Opposition was rightly Bandaranaike’s infamc cil law which brought government control.
Under Jayawardene tion and control of the Mrs Bandaranaike’s There was not only a sorship within Sri Lank the strictest control o out of Sri Lanka. Op were frequently close equipment destroyed b sponsored hoodlums. was suppressed to the tion. In addition to go' censorship, there was censorship by newspap wanted to keep their C by foreign newsmen remain in Sri Lanka.
Public and even pr which questioned what Sri Lanka could not be
government directed
single case of the sc occurred will illustrat intimidation. In 1982, iweera Sarathchandra, Sinhalese dramatist, a sador and the first Cha Lankan Civil Rights

APRIL 1989
GING CONTRIBUTION
υιγαίηe
the UNP. They at Jayawardene g the July 1983
process in Sri d to the level of Marcos era. Not reign observers luring the 1989 ed the vote rigch was the de, sponsorship. arty machinery arly responsible n that may well es the people of atic right which over 50 years to of their choice. Election and the were rigged to makes it almost ble of Sri Lanka rnment or the ratic methods. It me as a surprise ulace resort to atic methods. If vent is to occur, ust rest with agacy of electorehind.
, Violating the n. Intimidating
dene, then in critical of Mrs. ius Press Counthe press under
, the intimidamedia dwarfed
performance. n absolute cema but there was f news allowed position presses d and printing by governmentTamil opinion point of extincvernment press a self imposed
per editors who ,
ffices open and who wanted to
tivate meetings was going on in held because of hooliganism. A ores that have te the level of Professor Edira distinguished former ambasirman of the Sri Movement, was
Part
about to address a public meeting on the decay in moral values caused by government action. JSS hoodlums led by one of Jayawardene's Ministers broke up the meeting and assaulted Professor Sarathchandra. A complaint to the police was ignored.
Later that year, the same hooligans broke up a meeting of the Buddhist and Christian clergy, the 'Voice of the Clergy', who opposed President Jayawardene's proposed Referendum. Later, the police seized pamphlets and closed the press belonging to this group. A Buddhist monk who was at the receiving end of this thuggery petitioned the Supreme Court that his civic rights had been violated. The Court awarded him damages and recommended disciplinary action against the police officer who had acted in this unconstitutional manner. The government decided to pay the fine from government coffers and insulted the Supreme Court by promoting the police officer. President Jayawardene later conceded that he had personally ordered this action.
Jayawardene has been responsible for a serious violation of the legitimate rights of trade unions. In September 1978 some 17 trade unions called for a one day general strike for various benefits. The government directed the private sector to treat all employees absenting themselves as having vacated their posts and decided to do the same for those in the government sector. Over a thousand workers were dismissed in an unprecedented action which was a clear violation of Convention Number 87 of the International Labour Organisation of which Sri Lanka is a member. Many of these workers were never reinstated.
Conducting a campaign of State terrorism
Jayawardene's handling of the ethnic problem in general and of the Tamil people in particular, has been characterised by so much dishonesty and inhumanity that it will make it almost impossible for any other Sinhalese leader to win the confidence of the Tamil people.
In the run up to the 1977 elections, he led the Tamils to believe that he alone of the Sinhalese leaders recognised their problems and if elected to power, would have an All Party Conference to address their problems. Having got into power (with Tamil support), he declared war on the Tamils. "If they want war, they will get war'. was his offer to a bewildered minority already the victims of postelection Sinhalese hoodlum violence. It took six years and a massacre of the

Page 13
APRIL 1989
Tamils before Jayawardene decided to hold the Conference. When he did (1984), it was an exercise to buy time to strengthen his weak Security Forces so that he could embark on a military solution to the Tamil protests.
It was in 1983 that the Tamils in Colombo, who have always supported Jayawardene, witnessed to their horror, the complete disregard Jayawardene has for Tamil lives. For four terrifying days while armed Sinhalese gangs roamed Colombo dragging innocent Tamils out of their homes and butchering them, Jayawardene, their President, remained silent. There was not a word from the Head of State to his Security Forces or the Police to maintain law and order. When after
four days of deafening silence the
President did finally address the nation, there was not a word of sympathy for the devastated Tamil people who had little to do with the violence of their kinsmen in the North. His apology was to the Sinhalese people for the inconvenience caused
1984 saw Jayawardene perpetrate his biggest confidence trick on the Tamils. Initiating an All Party Conference supposedly to solve the ethnic conflict, in reality he embarked on a massive build up of the Sri Lankan military machine. He dragged out the Conference for a whole year during which he actually left Sri Lanka to seek military assistance to crush the Tamils. Recruiting thousands into the Armed Forces and spending millions of taxpayers money (including Tamil taxpayers' money) he put into operation a ruthless assault on the Tamils of the North and East. He cut off food and medical supplies to the North and even ordered the troops to bomb parts of the country of which he was the President. Hundreds died, thousands were rendered homeless and the damage done to property was extensive. With this massive state terrorism unleashed on the Tamil people of the North whose elected representatives he sacked from parliament, Jayawardene abdicated his right to be President of all Sri Lanka. The Jayawardene-directed State terrorism from 1983 to 1988 has convinced many Tamils who previously had no interest in a Separate Tamil State, that such a State is the only possible answer. If there is any one individual who can be held responsible for the determination of the Tamils to establish Eelam, it must be Jayawardene.
Jayawardene's final deception was the 1987 Agreement with Rajiv Gandhi. He made the Tamils believe that their much sought after merger of the Northern and Eastern Province, the Tamil homeland, was granted. He then slipped in a Referendum which would undo the merger. In an amazing attempt to face two opposite directions at the same time, Jayawardene agreed to the merger of the Northern Province
and the Easter before the Ag assured his par he was opposed no doubt that it the Referendum ble talk and de damaged his at an attempt to so but what is mo troyed the ch Sinhalese leadel by the Tamils.
There are t Jayawardene sh war criminal fi tionally accepte flict. There is, h international co realistically wou Lankans to initi abuse of power of State, as th take the necessa Goading India a to India and the
Jayawardene Tamil conflict w domestic dispute it in a manner ti India. He invite the British SAS who had no qui and unleashed strategy was cl India by invitin hostile to India t militarily in Sri able southern fl: so he sucked I which has lande from which she extract herself w of India has hac Jayawardene w much respected whose stability east Asia depenc the level of the agua.
Jaywardene h and ridiculed th ter but when Gandhi was sufi over his battle, h friend and got ( unwinnable war all but destroy future.
Jayawardene for enormous Indian army. He Indian army se peace keeping He then misused a "Peace Keepin arming Force', g an impossiblle ta ans lives and mi have been lost, tion, dishonesty of Jayawardene. Damage done te
Jayawardene

TAMIL TIMES 13
n Province and even"
reement was signed, liamentary group that to the merger and had would be dissolved by ! Jayawardenes douception have not only empt, if indeed it was lve the ethnic problem, pre serious, have desance of any other being taken seriously
hose that feel that hould be charged as a or breaching internad laws of armed conowever, little that the mmunity can, or more uld, do. It is for the Sri ate an inquiry into the of their (former) Head el Filipinos have, and ary action. ind bringing discredit Indian Prime Minister took the Sinhalesehich was essentially a and internationalised hat was likely to upset d the Israeli Mossad, S and the Pakistanis, arrel with the Tamils
them in Jaffna. The
ear - it was to goad g countries that were o establish themselves Lanka on the vulnerank of India. By doing ndia into the conflict d India in a quagmire may not be able to rith dignity. The image
a battering and it is
ho is responsible. A regional power on the security of southls, has been reduced to United State in Nicar
as repeatedly insulted e Indian Prime Minishe found that Rajiv ficiently naive to take e suddenly became his Gandhi involved in an '. By doing so, he has 'ed Gandhi's political
has been responsible damage done to the insisted om having the ent to Sri Lanka for under his command. his power and turned ng Force' into a “Disiving the Indian Army ask. Hundreds of Indillions of Indian rupees thanks to the decepand unscrupulousness
the economy started well by prom
oting economic growth. He advocated industrialisation by invitation to foreign investors (“the Singapore model')
But then he went on a borrowing spree, gradually dismantling the wellfare state to satisfy his masters in the World Bank. The Sri Lankan welfare state had been built up over some 50 years and had won many accolades for providing some protection for the working classes and impoverished peasantry. Throwing in his lot with the ulra-right policies of the US, Great Britain, West Germany and Japan, Jayawardene set the Sri Lankan economy on a disaster course. He has blamed the Tamil militants for the down turn in the economy but a closer scrutiny reveals that the economy was put into reverse gear long before the Tamil militants stepped up their campaign against the government.
Bribery and Corruption
With the self-conferred powers of a dictator, Jayawardene must be held responsible for the epidemic of bribery and corruption that has engulfed Sri Lanka. With few exceptions, everyone of Jayawardene's Ministers and Junior Ministers has been guilty of massive corruption. Four houses and an apple farm in Australia provides visible evidence of the invisible movement of money by one of Jayawardene's senior ministers, reputedly one of the richest men in Asia. Millions of dollars of foreign aid have been spirited away by Jayawardene's ministers who have done to Sri Lanka what Marcos did to the Philippines. Jayawardene could not have been unaware of this scandalous situation which is common knowledge both in and outside Sri Lanka. Yet, he did nothing to stop his totally dishonest parliamentarians from robbing the people and the country.
Today the level of bribery and corruption at all levels of the government and government corporations is such that it is a significant factor in the high cost of living.
Jayawardene's responsibility
It might appear uncharitable to lay all the problems in Sri Lanka at Jayawardene's door but no one else can be held responsible. It is he who devalued the authority (and responsibility) of parliament and took on himself absolute power. Absolute power also carries major responsibilities which he has failed to honour. Jayawardene, despite his attempt to immortalise himself by naming a town, Jayawardhanapura, after a king who had a similar name, will probably go down in history as the Sri Lankan Head of State who has done most damage to Sri Lanka. A decade under Jayawardene, part of which was of dubious legality, has set Sri Lanka further back than any other equivalent period in the country's history.
Continued on p.17

Page 14
14 TAMIL TIMES
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Continued from p.9 violated not only the ordinary norms of civilised habit but also a basic injunction of Islam with the call to murder a human being.
The Holy Quran says: “We decreed for the children of Israel that whosoever killeth a human being for other than manslaughter or corruption in the earth, it shall be as if he had killed all mankind and whosoever saveth the life of one, it shall be as if he has saved the life of all mankind’ (5:32)
That epitomises the reverence for life Islam seeks to inculcate.
The SLMC, perhaps is not aware of the revulsion in Muslim quarters in many parts of the world to Ayatollah K’s reprehensible murder-call.That will not provide grit to their political mill.
A disciple of the Ayatollah, Ayatollah Jelal Genjehai has accused his master of 'violating the fundamental teachings of Islam' inside Iran, and described the sentence on Rushdie as "another case of this kind of violation.' Worse, In the disciple's judgement, Ayatollah K is not a Muslim - a dose of the master's medicine
From Sunni Islam's highest theological centre has come a more balanced, enlightened response. Sheikh Gad AlHaq has appealed to Muslim intellectuals to write a book refuting the ideas presented in Satanic Verses.
Pakistani Prime Mi Bhutto has accused fun engineering riots ove order to topple her fle ment. In Iran, too, the is using the book to fi tazeri, Rafsomjani an want the old, discredite sullied the image of In soned.
That was exactly wh of the Aligarh mover Ahmad Khan did exa ago when Sir William Mohammed, widely co derogatory of the Prop.
GHI Jansen (Militan! "It is personalities an those of the Ayatollah name not just to milita Islam as a whole.’
I have no grouse ag or any political party. the abuse of religion f ambitions.
Heinrich Heine sa burn books will also a people' – Now, those v with politics do not hes authors
* 8× १ 3 కిణ్వ
De
 
 

APRIL 1989
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nister Benazir damentalists of r the book in 'dgling governwilly Ayatollah ght back Mond others who d policies which ran to be jetti
hat the founder ment, Sir Syed |ctly 120 years Muir's Life of onsidered to be het, appeared.
t Islam) wrote: d policies like that give a bad nt Islam but to
ainst the SLMC But, cry halt to or your political
id: “Those who afterwards burn who mix religion sitate to murder
Al Shafi matagoda Road Colombo 9
IPKF MEN KILLED
MASSIVE
OPEPATION
FOLLOWS
At least 25 men, including officers, belonging to the Indian Peace Keeping Force were killed in two separate attacks mounted by the LTTE on 4 April at Mankulam and Oddusuddan in the northern Vavuniya district.
In both incidents, troops travelling in armoured personnel carriers became victims of powerful landmines planted by the LTTE. The vehicles were destroyed in the explosion and those who attempted to escape were gunned down by LTTE men waiting in ambush.
Following the incidents, the IPKF launched a massive military operation with reinforcments rushed in from the Puliyankulam and Nedunkerni camps. While Indian artillery pounded suspected LTTE positions, helicopters of the Indian Air Force were used to strafe the area which, according to local reports, left several civilians dead and hundreds fleeing from their homes.

Page 15
APRIL 1989
Colvin - a giant a
Gifted men are often ahead of their generation. They are in so much of a hurry to accomplish their mission in life that the wise are bewildered and the half-witted misunderstand them. Dr Colvin R. de Silva who bestrode this country with his commanding figure, was a giant among intellectuals, a luminary among lawyers and a visionary par excellence in politics.
His 83 fruitful years was evidence of a life spent in the service of humanity. As a trade union leader and a politician Colvin was a humanitarian - a lover of his fellowmen especially the poor and the down-trodden whose cause he espoused for half a century risking life and limb.
The great thing about him was that when he believed what was right he stood by it to the very end. He never wavered in his belief that Marx tempered with Trotsky was right.
Along with his two comrades in arms, N.M. Perera and Philip Gunawardena, he was in the thick of the battle, be it the Wellawatte Mills strike, the Bracegirdle case, the championing of the case of the cold-blooded killing of a plantation worker in the Mooloya incident and a host of other struggles involving the working people of this country.
When he returned from England with a doctorate and a licence from Lincoln's Inn to practise law, the young man from Balapitiya had a whole world of opportunities open before him.
Having listened to him in a Huftsdorp courtroom one day, the then Attorney-General, Mr JWR Illangakoon had invited the young barrister to his chambers and offered the then much sought-after job of Crown Counsel which he declined to accept. Very much in the manner of the missionary who throws everything aside to seek the kingdom of God, Colvin chose the path of a revolutionary to win heaven on earth for the workers.
It is this facet of his manysplendoured life that brought him into conflict with the British colonial government.
Arrested by the British as an enemy of the State, Colvin R. de Silva along with N.M. Perera, Philip Gunawardena, Robert Gunawardena, and Edmund Samarakkody were imprisoned in Kandy. With the help of Vernon Gunasekara, the LSSP’s first General Secretary and its finest pamphleteer and Chief Jailor Neville de La Motte, the detainees broke jail and escaped to India.
Hunted by the police in India the detainees were arrested in Bombay.
by J
The one man wh was Colvin, the S
As a lawyer he country. When h case, he was col judge and jury. V tory and reverbe) sought to throw around. Judge ar mesmerised by th verily be compar shall Hall of the
time in the late English lawyer,
round the world : Sri Lanka to app
It was well pa arrived in his Lavinia Hotel fro erly walked up t interview. Looki Mr Pritt's first know why our pe you have my frie That, I though bute paid to Colv lectual and foren Pi His role in the country is a chap sheen of gold. Wh chamber of Pa looked up wonde: he would hold th when he spoke silence.
Those draggi. made his audie tuned as if they concerto or musi his hall-mark.
It was during
Continued fron
No
After the 1987 Agreement, the Senate Pacific S Jayawardene (ar Nobel Prize. Pu better understa than the US whether this was mess into which Accord had la Krishna Iyer, a Indian Supreme tion candidate. India, commente is given for such people will in fu Nobel Prizes' Nobel Committe US Senator's rec
Let alone be Prize, when Sri

TAM TIMES 15
mong intellectuals
De Segera
) was never arrested carlet Pimpernel.
had few peers in this stood up to argue a urtesy personified to Jith his flawless oraating voice, he never his immense weight djury were virtually is maestro who could 2d to the great MarEnglish Bar. Someifties, the celebrated DN Pritt who went arguing cases, was in ear for a client here. st midnight when he room at the Mount m the airport. I gingp him and sought an ng tired and sleepy, eaction was "I don't ople retain me when nd Colvin here' t, was the finest tririn R de Silva's intelsic skill. n-drop 2 political life of this ter which carries the en he walked into the rliament everybody ring on which subject em spell-bound. And there was pin-drop
ng sentences which nce keep their ears
were listeneing to a cal composition were
the debate on the
Sinhala Only Bill, that Colvin, the orator was at his very best. It was well past midnight when he rose to speak in a parliament closed to the public and open only to the press.
The opening words of that speech are still fresh in the memory of those who were privileged to listen to him. Virtually shivering with emotion, Dr Colvin R de Silva, Member for Wellawatte-Galkissa said, "Mr Speaker, I speak to eyeless, earless galleries . . . " Pleading the case for not resorting to a measure that would divide the country, he uttered this memorable phrase which sounds so prophetic today, "Two languages one nation: One language two nations".
Dream
As a historian, he stood in the very forefront with Father S.G. Perera and Dr. G.C. Mendis. His monumental work, “Ceylon under the British occupation', is still the standard work on the subject. Research scholars at London University's School of Asian and African Studies make it a compulsory reading. At King's College, London they mention his name with reverence as one of the youngest scholars who won a doctorate.
In an age when this country needs men of intellect and wide horizons, who will rise above racial, caste and religious barriers, the loss of leaders of the like of Colvin R. de Silva is immeasurable.
He died a dreamer with his dream unfulfilled. That dream was poetically expressed by W.S. Senior, “when the races all have blended . . .
n p.13 bel Prize
Jayawardene-Gandhi Chairman of the US ubcommittee put up d Rajiv Gandhi) for a zzled observers with nding of Sri Lanka Senator, questioned US recognition of the the signatories of the hded India. Justice former judge of the court and the Opposior the Presidency of d that “ifa Nobel prize midget performance, ture refuse to accept eedless to say, the e did not accept the pmmendation.
awarded the Nobel anka’s history comes
to be written, Jayawardene will proხ* ably be described as the Head of State who has done the greatest damage, not just to the ethnic conflict and Sri Lanka, but to the very fabric of Sri Lankan society. He has turned a relatively non-violent society into one of extreme violence, he has replaced the rule of law by the rule of the armed hoodlum, he has dismantled democracy, reduced parliament and the judiciary to a joke, permitted corruption and dishonesty in parliamentarians and senior bureaucrats to an unprecedented degree, been guilty of serious human rights violations committed on a section of his people, created economic chaos that will take years to reverse and set Sri Lanka on what can only be described as a suicidal course. His successor will not have an easy task undoing in 6 years or even 25 years, the damage that Jayawardene has done in 11 years of disastrous rule.

Page 16
16 TAM TIMES
O THE FORMER Vice Chancellor of the Colombo University, Prof. Stanley Wijesundera, was shot dead in his first floor office at "College House', Thurstan Road in Colombo at 10.30am on 8 March. The yet unidentified gunman had walked into the professor's office and opened fire at point-blank range and Mr. Wijesundera died on the spot.
The murder of the professor within the university precincts has sent shockwaves of terror throughout the university establishment and students alike. (Readers will recall that an appreciation on the late Prof. S. Vithianandan written by Mr. Wijesundera was published in TAMIL TIMES of February '89).
OTHE DPLF (political wing of PLOTE) which failed to win a single seat in the general election held on February 15 in a statement said, "Our position has been rejected and the Tamil people have accepted the stand of those who maintain that the accord (Indo-Sri Lanka) guarantees the rights of the Tamil people'. The DPLF however believed that its rejection of the Accord and opposition to the presence of the Indian troops in Sri Lanka would be vindicated in the long run.
O THE CREATION of a new Ministry for the protection of the Buddha Sasana was a genuine effort to revive Buddhism and a signal honour to the vast Buddhist Majority in Sri Lanka. President Premadasa had followed in the footsteps of ancient kings by giving Buddhism its due place. It was the first time a Ministry for the Buddha Sasana had been set up since 1915, Mr. Neranjan Wijeratne, Diyawadane Nilame of the Sri Dalada Maligawa in Kandy, said in a special statement.
O DR.S. CHANDRAN FERNANDO, brother-in-law of JVP leader Rohana Wijeweera, has filed an application in the Supreme Court alleging that his fundamental rights guaranteed under the Sri Lanka Constitution had been violated. Several police officers including the Inspector General of Police,
Secretary to the Ministry of Defence
and the Attorney General have been cited as respondents.
Dr. Fernando has alleged that he was arrested on August 17 1987 for violating Emergency Regulations by participating in a demonstration on 29.7.87. but when he was released on bail by the Magistrates on 2.11.87, he was rearrested as he came out of the Court. He further alleges that he was brutally tortured while in custody and the sole reason for his arrest and custody was that he is a personal friend, physician and brother-in-law of Rohana Wijeweera.
NEWS IN BRIEF NEWS IN BRIEF NE
O THE SRI LANKA M Federation saidina sta sentence of death inp( nian leader Ayatolla K Indian-born British au troversial book, The was justifiable. The
condemned other Mu which adopted an 'eva simply blaming the bo curring with the death
O THE MEMBERS of nistrative Service Asso cial general meeting p tion seeking the app impartial committee to the 'disappearance' of members. As example: case of an Assistant La er in Moneragala who away by a gang clad in on February 17 and w was found on the road days.
O THE SRI LANKA M has urged the governm draw the firearms issu dates during the reci liamentary elections
issue more forearms to they still faced threats
O FIVE PERSONNEL b Sri Lankan navy on f killed on 5 March w ambushed and attacke Tamil militants at E Trincomalee.
O AN SLFP Member of the Colombo district, C has complained to the I) all of Police that he h formation that a police terdiction had been ent task of killing the MP. T given details of the alleged potential assail
O FOREIGN AFFAIRS Minister, Ranjan Wij orders on 8 March t forces to force open sho for fear of threats of i 'subversive groups' as
shops severely affected lowing the directive tra areas were summoned tions and required to o before they were forced
O A SUB-INSPECTOR ( pala, attached to the se of the SLMP leader and idential candi da Abeygoonesekera, was at his residence in Alaw The officer concerned three days leave to his
 
 

APRIL 1989
SIN BRIEF « NEWS IN BRIEF NEW
uslim Students itement that the psed by the IraKhomeini on the thor of the conSatanic Verses, statement also uslim countries asive stance by ok without con
Sentence.
the State Admiciation at a spebassed a resoluOintment of an invstigate into some of their s, they cited the nd Commissionhad been taken khaki uniforms those dead body side after a few
uslim Congress ment not to withlued to its candiently held parbut instead to its members for to their lives.
belonging to the oot patrol were hen they were d by a group of
Palampatur off
Parliament for V Gooneratne, nspector Generad received ineman under inrusted with the The MP also has
identity of the
ant.
and Defence eratne issued o the security ops kept closed ntimidation by the closure of the people. Folders in several
to police stapen their shops
open.
of Police, Soma2curity division defeated Presa te, Os sie shot and killed wa on 8 March.
had gone on home.
O AN ARMED MAN entered the offices of the Malibans Biscuits Company at Ratmalana on 8 March and robbed Rs 18 lakhs after threatening him with a knife.
O EGYPT emerged as Sri Lanka's largest tea buyer for the second year in succession although the quantity purchased dropped from 37.7 million kilos in 1987 to 35.4 million last year. Iraq came second with 33.9 million kilos followed by Pakistan and Saudi Arabia with 19.6 million kilos. The UK's purchase was 13.2 million.
O AN UNIDENTIFIED armed gang entered the residence of Senaka Gunawardne, the Superintendent of Handford State Plantation in Deniyaya on 9 March at 10.30 pm and killed him by severing his head off from the rest of his body with a knife.
O A HUSBAND and wife, identified as Sarath Wuduge (48) and Raneeka (40) were shot dead at their residence along Kawdana Road, Dehiwela, at midnight on 10 March by two armed gunmen wearing khaki uniforms.
O TWO LTTE members, Chinnadurai and Sinnapodi were killed by the Citizens Volunteer Force in an exchange of fire at Keerimalai. Another LTTE local leader, Prabha was taken into custody by the IPKF, and two more were later arrested following information extracted from him.
O AFTER almost seven years, Tamil policemen have begun undertaking security duty at Banks in the northern Jaffna penninsula. Even the check points at the Pannai Causeway that connects mainland Jaffna and the many offshore islands and at Jaffna Hospital are being manned now by Tamil policemen. The Jaffna, Point Pedro, Valvettiturai, Kankesanthurai and Kilinochchi police stations in the Jaffna division have also been reopened.
O CUSTOM OFFICIALS found 120 slabs of gold weighing about 13 kilos and worth around six million rupees in an Air Lanka aircraft which flew into Katunayake airport from Dubai on 11 March. Six airline personnel have been taken into custody while a number of passengers have been interrogated.
O THREE Deputy Inspectors General of Police have been compulsorily retired from service by the government. The three DIGs, Percy Wijesuriya, Tilak Idamalgoda and Leo Perera are said to have earned the displeasure of the government due to the role they played during the recently held general elections.

Page 17
APRIL 1989
O 1200 suspected JVP supporters were taken into custody and detained in a large scale 'flushing out' operation by about 3000 Sri Lankan troops in the southern Matara and Akuressa areas during the weekend 11 and 12 March.
#.
O THIRTY-SIX persons were detained and arms and ammunition recovered in two separate operations by security forces in Matale and Kurunegala areas on 11 March.
O SEVENTEEN members of the Sri Lanka Muslim Congress who would form the main opposition group in the North-East Provincial Council took their oaths at the Trincomalee PC secretariat on 14 March before the governor, Nalin Seneviratne.
O THE CHARRED body of BR Jayaseina, a clerk at the Gonapathira SubPost Office in the Kurunegala area, was found near a forest reserve at Deegalle. On the night of 24 February, a gang introduced themselves as army personnel came to Jayasena's home and took him away for what they described as official duty.
O THREE ARN escort duty and to death insid Board bus at K March. The ass the weapons b men. In anothe lachchi unident at a police jeep injuring four ot
O ENGLISH la every student.
knowledge. No by Tamils who : out education in Rev. Dr B Th Jaffna who was annual prize da Antony's Girls S
O GUNAPALA | Post Master of awela was shot 11 March by
which had arriv
O GAMAGE NA ary of the U Branch at Wado 12 March whi bakery owned b
Continued from p.7
weapon by Minister Kannappan, but he was apparently pushed aside even as he tried to throw it towards Ms Jayalalitha.
Other Ministers like Dorai Murugan, Weera pandi Aru mugam and Arcot Veerasamy also joined the fray using their proximity to Ms Jayalalitha's seat to their advantage.
Variety of missiles
The several volumes of budget documents that had been tabled in the House came in handy for the members to hurl at each other, though most of them flying in from the DMK side zeroed in towards Ms Jayalalitha. There were also fisticuffs as some DMK and AIADMK members slugged it out. One DMK member even tried to bring the Assembly secretary's chair crashing down on AIADMK heads but failed in the attempt. Chappals also flew down towards the opposition front bench from the VIP galleries above where some DMK MPs and leaders were seated.
Moopanar hit
Caught in the cross-fire were Congress-I members including Mr. Moopanar, who also became a target of the DMK attack. Mr. Moopanar, who had not stirred from his seat, found budget document books and chappals landing on him, as DMK men vented their fury on the Congress-I also. Party members like Peter Alphonse and PV Rajendran rushed towards the first row to assist Mr Kumari Ananthan and whip SR
Balasubramani. Moopanar.
At one stage who appeared seen with his bandage and hi after apparen broken mike th member. One Annanambi coll holding his hea tently, former be heard even a shouts, using Jayalalitha.
She
Ms Jayalalit was hemmed trying to proti men trying to extricated fron difficulty. She she was escorte by Mr Thiru Ramachandrar way out of the
With her ex vigour and fin rest of her pa from the Hous had ended, the The Congresswere shouting Pandian was a decibel level.
Calm, howev Congress-II men nar also left th bly ministeria watch and wal

TAMIL TIMES 17
Y men who were on a civilian were stabbed a State Transport hatagasdigiliya on 13 ailants got away with longing to the army r incident at Mahavified persons fired shots illing a policeman and 19I'S,
guage is a "must for It is the gateway to progress could be made ure in a minority with| English, said the Rt. eogupillai, Bishop of guest of honour at the y of the Pasaiyoor St. school in Jaffna.
Ratnayake (45), a SubKolatenne in Bandardead while at work on an unidentified gang ed in a van.
NDASIRI (38), Secretnited National Party luwa was shot dead on e he was inside the y him.
am in protecting Mr
Minister Arumugam, to be injured, could be head in a red stained s shirt too stained red, tly being hit by a rown by an AIADMK AIADMK member apsed for a short while d and chest. IntermitSpeaker Pandian could bove the general din of
expletives against Ms
was in tears ha, who all this while in by her party men ect her and the DMK attack her, was finally the melee with great was virtually in tears as od in a crouched posture navukkarasu and Mr down the aisle on her House.
it the violence lost its ally died down as the rtymen also withdrew e. Though the violence confrontation had not. I and DMK members at each other and Mr lso contributing to the
er, descended when the nbers led by Mr Moopae House, while Assem
staff assisted by the 'd staff removed books,
O THE NORTH-EAST Provincial Government had given first priority to improve agriculture in the Trinocomalee area and for that purpose a concerted effort had to be made by all officers involved in agriculture, said A.Varatharaja Perumal, Chief Minister, when he inaugurated a seminar on "Agricultural Extension and Agrarian Services' held at the Social Services Centre at Trincomalee on 12 March.
O THE DEAD body of sixty-five year old M Sabaratnam, the Secretary of the Karainagar Citizens Committee was found with gun shot wounds near a school on 11 March. He had been forcibly taken away a few days earlier by a group of unidentified people.
O POLICE rounded up 35 suspected "subversives' at Ratmalana on 12 March and were reported to have recovered a large haul of arms and ammunition.
O NINE TA MIL persons were apprehended on 12 March off the northern coast of Jaffna and Mannar by the Indian navy. Six were taken into custody off Jaffna while three were apprehended off Mannar.
mikes, chappals, pads and torn bits of what had been budget speech copies.
Cong-l walk out
The House reconvened around 11.45 and even before Mr Karunandidhi could commence reading the budget speech, Mr Moopanar and Mr Ananthan sought to raise points of order on the violence. This was disallowed by the Speaker.
Mr Moopanar then led his partymen in a walk-out. The lone ICP member K Nanjappan also joined the walk-out.
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APRIL 1989
Rasanayagam’s A Critica
One of the most quoted but mis-cited history books in Sri Lanka for the past decade was Mudaliyar C. Rasanayagam's work entitled, "Ancient Jaffna, being a research into the History of Jaffna from very early times to the Portuguese Period.” This 390-page book was published in 1926, by Everymans Publishers Ltd, Madras. Due to its cited controversial opinion that "the Sinhalese had occupied Jaffna before the Tamils", it gained popularity among upstart historians as well as racially-biased journalists and politicians. In the Sri Lankan parliament, UNP politicians Nissanka Wijeratne, E. L. Senanayake and their cohorts had quoted Rasanayagam umpteen times to ridicule the Tamils of Sri Lanka.
I also have a 34-page book with the title, "Jaffna and the Sinhala Heritage” (printed by M. D. Gunasena & Co. Colombo, 1984), authored by one E. T. Kannangara who cites Rasanayagam's work with selective amnesia. The queries normally raised in an inquisitive Tamil mind are, 1) Is it true that Rasanayagam wrote about the occupation of Jaffna by Sinhalese ahead of Tamils? 2) On what substantive evidence, the author of "Ancient Jaffna” made this controversial inference?
Through the courtesy of Mrs.
Mononmani Sanmugadas, who is presently engaged in linguistic research
on the relationship between Tamil and
Japanese languages in collaboration with Prof. Susumu Ohno, at the Gakushuin University, Tokyo, I had a chance to read this work by Mudaliyar Rasanayagam. In this article, I wish to share the impressions I got after reading this historical work.
The 390-page book is divided into
eight chapters. These are:
1) The Nagas
2) The Kalingas
3) Foreign Trade and Intercourse
4) Ancient Civilization
5) Foreign Trade and Intercourse (contd.)
6) Sources and Synchronisms
7)Origin of the Kings of Jaffna
8) The Arya Kings of Jaffna
In the preface, the author described the motives for his work. To quote Rasanayagam, “This little volume is the unexpected result of an attempt to compile a school history of Jaffna. Almost unperceived my reading took me far a field, and led me to conclusions often directly opposed to the views hitherto generally accepted. I have thought it proper therefore to
SACHIS
publish some of have them critic fore they beco elaborate work”
Who had hel venture? Rasan ledged the couns and Mr. H. W. elucidation of : which arose fro Villavarayan a Thambiah had proofs" of the b wamy of Tellip most of the Tam literature. D. J. with an “elab Krishnaswamy University prov to the book.
Sinhalı
The controve presence of Sinh appears in the book. In p.384. tions,
"That Jaffna Sinhalese earlie: seen not only i Jaffna but also and customs oft of branding catt brand by which also the position owner could be Sinhalese“.
Before castiga an anti-Tamil (O rian, one shou what he had m word “Sinhalese chapter in whi opinion appears, the races of Sri evolved. Many (intellectually le Sri Lanka fail ta before citing Ra
Between pag author analyses to the earliest la people of Ceylor given below to nayagam consi (Emphases are 1
1) "The nan Ceylon, had
nection with language sp name Ilam w Ceylon, has
earlier lang must have be Elu was spo the languag cause it was name Ilam v

TAMIL TIMES 19
Ancient Jafna"; ll Reading
SRI KANTHA
my studies, in order to cised and corrected beme parts of a more
ped the author in this ayagam had acknowsel of Dr. Paul E. Peiris . Codrington "for the several knotty points m time to time”. P.C. and R.
"looked through the
R. Crossette
ook. S. W. Coomaras
palai had “translated il quotations” from the ayaratne had assisted orate Index". Dr. S.
Aiyangar of Madras ided a sound Forward
ese in Jaffna
“sial opinion about the alese in ancient Jaffna last few pages of the , Rasanayagam men
was occupied by the r than by the Tamils is n the place names of in some of the habits he people. The system le with the communal not only the caste but and the family of the traced was peculiarly
ting Rasanayagam as ir pro-Simhallese) histold try to understand
eant by the use of the
”. In pages prior to the
sch this controversial
i.
Rasanayagam defines
Lanka and how they upstart historians and ss-sound) politicians of o read the entire work
Sanayagam. es 176 and 180, the
the evidences related
nguages spoken by the h. Twelve excerpts are
o show whom Rasadered as “Sinhalese” mine).
ne Lanka, applied to not the remotest conits people or with the boken by them. The hich was also given to some affinity with its uage Elu. The island en called Ilam because ken there; or perhaps e was called Elu bespoken in Ilam. The was undoubtedly given
to Ceylon by the Tamils, her neighbors". (I presume he meant the South Indian Tamils.) 2) "As Ceylon afterwards became famous for its gold and its toddy, the word 'Ilam later became a Tamil word to designate gold or toddy metronymically'. 3) "Elu was only a spoken dialect and had not reached a state of development sufficient to produce any literature in that language. Tamil was, therefore, the Court language. The poets, kings and pandits cultivatd it for literary purposes. Tamil continued to be the Court language of Ceylon kings for several centuries. Even after the adoption of Sinhalese in Court, Tamil was not despised as Tamil poets and pandits often flocked to the court of a learned Sinhalese king". 4) "Elu, in its imperfect state, could not stand the onslaught of Tamil, Pali and Sanskrit. The first of these languages was introduced into Ceylon at various times by invaders and immigrants. The latter two came in through the introduction of Buddhism”. 5) “Vijaya and his followers could not have introduced into the island, a new language and imposed it upon the people. They and their descendants would have adopted the language previously spoken in the island.” 6) "There would have been an amalgamation of the original language with Tamil and the language of the few Kalinga immigrants who arrived in the island, by the time Buddhism was introduced." 7) “Upon the introduction of copious Pali and Sanskrit works, a new language came into existence, with a ground work of Elu and Tamil and a superstructure of Pali and Sanskrit.” 8) “While the process of forming the Sinhalese nation was going on by the continual mixture of the Yakkhas, Nagas, the Tamils and the Kalingas, the Sinhalese language too was growing and expanding.” 9) "The Sinhalese language, which was in an infantile stage in the 3rd Century BC, as will be seen from the undeveloped phraseology used in the cave inscriptions of that period, took about 1500 years to reach that degree of development which is necessary for the composition of literary works in that language.” 10) “Thus it will be seen that the mixed population from Point Pedro , to Dondra Head known by the name

Page 20
20 TAMIL TIMES
Sinhalam, with the exception of those living in the maritime districts must have, during the early centuries of the Christian Era, spoken one language.” (What Rasanayagam means by this sentence is that, 2000 years ago, the "mixed population' would have spoken a language, predemonantly based on Tamil. If someone interprets that language as Sinhalese, which would have been in its formative stages, read the next excerpt.) 11) With the advent of Vannias who occupied the North Central region of the island in later centuries, "the people in the North became estranged from their brethren in the Centre, the South and progressed altogether on Tamil lines, whereas the Sinhalese grew into a new nation absorbing into themselves even the millions of pure Tamils who remained in Central and Southern Ceylon after the Chola power had declined - process which can be witnessed even today in the Western Coast.”
12) “The difference (between the Tamils and 'Sinhalese') must have become accentuated after the downfall of Buddhism in Southern India and after a large number of new Tamil colonists began to settle down in North Ceylon . . ."
From this thesis of Rasanayagam, it is evident that the author's definition of “Sinhalese” is different from what the contemporary upstart historians and racists politicians believe in. According to Rasanayagam, (a) Sinhalese as a language is built upon the framework of Tamil language. (b) Sinhalese as an ethnic group, derive their origin from the admixture of Elu-speaking natives (of the island), Tamils and the Kalinga immigrants.
Kalingas, the mariners
Who are the Kalingas? Rasanayagam states in p. 50 of the book:
"Kalinga was one of the earliest kingdoms established in the Dekkan by Dravidian tribes and long before the Aryan push . . . It is a fact well known to all students of the history of Ancient India that the Kaligas were a people who were almost the first among Indian races to cross the seas, not only for commercial enterprise but also for the sake of conquest and colonisation. It was they who established the town of Singapura — now called Singapore — in the Straits Settlements, and Indians, from whatever country they may hail, are still known among the Malays as 'Klings', a corruption of the term Kalingas.” (It should also be known that even in present Thailand, the tribes known as "Klings' trace their origin to Kalingas of India, vis, Tamils). Nagadipa and the Northern Kingdom
Much fuss is made among those who,
provide concoctions of 1 the existence of Naga region and the possib the presence of Sinh ancient times. Rasana between pages 64 and |
"Devanampiya Tiossa vihara at the port of Jo Nagadipa, likewise the Vihara and the Paci (Mahavansa, chap.xix) the time of Devanamp, the reign of Mahalla) period of about 400 year admiration of such a ho as that of the Mahavans. have taken any special regards the northern prin presumption, therefore, those years the norther was quite independent a And again, in page Rasanayagam writes: "In spite of the retice Mahavansa, very prob tional, it will be clearly for a thousand years advent of Vijaya, the pri the North existed ur while the Central powe adhapura passed throu changes of dynasties C storms of conquest. Fir alliance, and then by acg trol over their neighbors of the North saw to it th no serious difficulties with, and hence their reign for such a long per
The best chap
Of the eight chapter Foreign Trade and II ancient Tamils of Eelam written with exceptiona two were (as the author in his preface) "read bef branch of the Royal As under the titles, "The T of Jaffna and the Early and "The identification Kalah”. In these two cl nayagam traces the ev prosperity of ancient II scribed in the authorita Pliny the Elder (23 Ptolemy (2nd Cent. AD)
On page 128 of the b the numismatic evider Kantharodai, Rasanay that, "300 years, extendi to 250AD, as the glori prosperity of this cou which synchronises with age of Tamil literature ronage of the third Madura”.
The writings of Co pleustes (6th Cent.AD) a (1254-1323) on the nort of Ceylon have also been analysed by Rasanay Polo's descriptions of the Eelam demands a m study, than provide

cist history to
lipa in Jaffna
evidence for lese there in agam writes, 6, as follows:
erected a mbukola in Tissamaha na Vihara” ... From ya Tissa to a Naga, a evoked the stile author , appears to interest as cipality. The is that in principality hd quiet.”
79 and 80,
nce of the ably intenseen that
after the ncipality in disturbed, r at Anurgh several nd several st by mere uiring con:, the kings at they had to contend
continual iod.”
terS
s, the two on ntercourse by , I consider as merit. These had mentioned ore the Ceylon iatic Society”, amil Kingdom Greek Writers' of the Port of Lapters, Rasadence for the
elam, as de
tive works of -79 AD) and
ook, based on ces found in agam infers ng from 50BC pus period of intry (Eelam) the Augustan nder the pat
Sangam of
Smas Indicond Marco Polo hern territory interestingly gam. Marco 13th century re elaborate d by Rasa
APRIL 1989
nayagam, and it will be dealt with in a later article.
Vijaya Bahu’s Jaffna Connection
Recently, the JVP leader Rohana Wijeweera has been quoted as saying. "Under the leadership of Vijayabahu I think of how our ancestors defeated the powerful Chola empire" (Tamil Times, Dec. 1988) If this attribution is true, I could only say that Wijeweera hasn't studied the medieval history of Ceylon in detail and hasn't read Mahavasa at all.
Rasanayagam, in pages 277-278 of his book, reveals the matrimonial connections Vijaya Bahu had with Jaffna kingdom, from the verses of Mahavansa. To quote:
“Vijaya Bahu ( 1054 - 1109AD) being, 'desirous to prolong and establish his race sent forth and brought a princess of exceeding beauty and delicate form born of the race of the kings of Kalinga whose name uvas Tilakasundari and anointed her as his queen' (Mahavansa, chap.59, vv.29-30) . . . The princess and her kinsmen might have come from Sinhapura, the Singai Nagar of Jaffna . . . In the 19th year of his reign, Vijaya Bahu, in order to put down certain rebels in the Rohana and Malaya coun - tries, 'sent into the field an Officer of his wife's brother's race' (Mahavansa, chap. 59, uu18-21).”
Rasanayagam continues, "If the translation in the Mahavansa is correct, it clearly shows that his wife’s brother was a ruling prince and if our surmise is correct he must have been the king of Jaffna. Vikrama Bahu, the son of Vijaya Bahu, appears to have been a follower of Hinduism, his mother's religion, for he despoiled the viharas and allowed his Tamil soldiers to dwell in them. The priests therefore removed the Tooth Relic and went to Rohana (Mahavansa, chap.61, vv.54651).” Vikrama Bahu reigned between 1121 and 1131AD.
Buddhistic bias of Mahavansa
In many instances, Rasanayagam emphasizes the "unreliability of the Mahavansa as a historical narrative”, due to its Buddhistic bias. Just two examples from his book are given below. 1) "The author of the Mahavansa, in his attempt to ignore the importance of the Northern kingdom and the part it played in the history of Ceylon from the 12th to the 15th century, has in several instances, unconsciously revealed the truth. The suppression of these facts was obviously intentional and he had to turn and twist facts to suit his own purpose . . ."(pp.311-312). 2) "The author of the Mahavansa who allots several chapters to the reign of Parakrama Bahu disposes of the reigns of Nissanka Malla and his Successors in a few verses, although the

Page 21
APRIL 1989
glories of some of them, in spite of all their troubles and strife, are well enough indicated in their inscriptions. They seem to have been passed over because of their leanings towards
Hinduism, although they really were
exceptionally tolerant” (p.324).
Rasanayagam's class bias
Brief mention should be made on the class bias of some of the views expressed by Rasanayagam. One should not overlook the prevailing social atmosphere in Jaffna 60 years ago. Belonging to the elite class, Rasanayagam had commented somewhat derisively on some of the so-called lower castes of the Jaffna society, between pages 383
and 384 of the b inappropriate t risy in late 198 be excused for
CC
Despite the nayagam's deri some castes in reading the boo gets the impres scholastic histo ancient Tamils. start historians (as one would nayagam out 0 fancy, without ) of his book.
Mr. C. Wyramuthu -
It is (almost) a year since the late Mr C. Vyramuthu went on his last journey but the memory of him is still fresh in the minds of all who knew him. A year may pass and fade away, but to his children and grandchildren, he is still with them,
He was a dedicated teacher at RKM Vaidyeshwara Vidyalayam, Jaffna for over 38 years during which time he was also the Vice Principal of the institution. The rapid growth of Vaidyeshwara, through his hard work is phenomenal. He instilled into the Children the right values and traditions, based on Hindu Culture.
My association with him started during the Sixties when I was Education Officer, Jaffna. Apart from School administration his special
an appreciatic
field Was the teach Language. I had and wide experie, benefit of the teach Was always prepar With us for this Cau His simplicity, captivating smile e. him. He was indee diamond among among humans.
May His S
60, Kandy Rd R Jafna
Sri Lanka
22.3.89
тоP KER" N PO
Is he a psychopath, a contract hitman, or a dedicated well-trained member of the Deshapremi Janatha Viyaparaya DJV), reputedly known to be the armed wing of the Janatha Vimukthi Permuna (JVP), who carried out instructions from his political leaders? Described as a 27-year old young man who had passed the National Certificate of Education examination, Upul (presumably an alias) hailing from Horana is now under the custody of the Sri Lankan police being held in an undisclosed place having confessed to over forty murders, several robberies and a number of raids on military camps, police stations and banks.
Upul’s life of political murders began with the first victim being a police constable killed at Maharagama in 1987. Upul had reportedly confessed to the murders of the SLMP leader Vijaya Kumaranatunga, UNP General Secretary Nandalal Fernando, Deputy Inspector General of Police and Head of the counter Subversive Unit Terence Perera, a Municipal Councillor Jayantha Mallimarachchi, a police sub-Inspector at Maharagama, a famihy of six UNP supporters at Pitipana, three members of the UNP trade union JSS, two Sri Lanka Transport Board
depot Inspector five killings at P Pettah busine Shanmugan a] ramaniam and á ing that of Prof who was killed Colombo Univer
Upul also is re pated in attacks force Base at K kade jail break Bambalapitiya which he shot d and the Rs. 22 m Wellawatte on F
Before his arré remand in con bank robbery, b sives' ambushed vehicle in which ported and freed Upul's confessio murder of Vijaya revealed that he house close to intended victim Colombo. One of used in the man isticated Heckl which could be bullets at a tim

ok. It is irrelevant and dwell on this hypoc
is and the author can
is idiosyncracy.
clusion
frivolity of Rasaration of the origin of medieval Jaffna, after k 'Ancient Jaffna', one ion that it provides a y of Eelam and the Unfortunately the upand racist politicians expect) quote Rasacontext to suit their eading even a chapter
LLS
n
ng of English as a Foreign p harness his knowledge ice in this field, for the ers of English in Jaffna. He 2d to work round the clock Se.
pleasing personality and deared even Strangers to d as his name indicates, a /ice Principals and pearl
Oul rest in peace.
S.P. Shivapatham etired Regional Director of Education
CE NET
s, two SLTB drivers, ugoda, two well known ss men Eliathamby hd Eliathamby Suba host of others includStanley Wijesundera on March 8 within the sity. ported to have partici
on the Sri Lanka Air atunayake, the Weli, the attack on the police station during ead a police constable illion bank robbery at 'ebruary 8.
st, Upul was infact on lection with a rural ut a gang of “subvera prison department he was being transhim some time ago. on in regard to the Kumaranatunga had had resided in a safe the residence of his at Polhengoda near the weapons he had 7 killings was a sophr and Koch pistol, loaded with twenty , was robbed from a
TAMIL TIMES 21
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Special Task force officer after attacking him.
All the killings and attacks in which he and others were involved had been carried out on the basis of assignments given by "bosses' from "above'.
On the basis of information given by Upul the police have made several arrests including three members of the gang involved in the Rs 22 million cash and jewellery robbery at the Wellawatte Peoples Bank in February this year.
The Sri Lankan security forces had to be used to deal with the violence in the south, and if this diminished, they could be deployed in the north and east. But at the present level of violence in the south, there were not enough men to be deployed in the north and east. The IPKF stay was being prolonged to deal with the situation in the Tamil areas due to the violence in the south, the Minister added.

Page 22
22 TAMIL TIMES
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MATRMONIAL
UK resident Tamil parents seek vegetarian bride/groom for Son, 26, chemistry graduate in good employment and daughter, 21, works
for British Airways. Both British citizens. Details, horoscopes and photos to M288, C/o Tamil Times. ミ
Jaffna Hindu Tamil sister seeks profesSionally qualified partner, preferably doctor, for her professional engineer brother, 29, presently in America. Mars afflicted. Details with horoscope to M289, C/o Tamil Times. Jaffna Hindu parents seek bride for handsome son, 26, computer careerist. Horoscope and details to M 290, C/o Tamil Times.
Aunt seeks Hindu partner for niece, 25, innocent party in early divorce, has permanent residence abroad, but willing to move if I necessary. Full details with horoscope to M : 291, C/O Tamil Times.
Jaffna Hindu parent seeks professional for attractive, fair accountant daughter, 27. Send horoscope Box 3543, Winnetka, California CA 91 306, USA.
Tamil Christian family seeks for Sri Lankan
born girl aged 22, estate Indian Tamil origin,
now Australian citizen, residing in Australia,
suitable Christian marriage partner. Please
send full details and photograph to M 292, C/o Tamil Times.
WEDDING BELLS
We congratulate the following couples on their recent marriage
| Sritharan son of Mr. and Mrs. E. Thillainayagarn, K.K.S. Road, Chunnakam, Sri Lanka and Kalaivani daughter of Mr. and Mrs. S. Ponnayya, K.K.S. Road. Malakam, Sri Lanka on 25.389 at Chris Gibson Recreation Centre, Brampton, Ontario, Canada.
Nithiyanantham son of the late Mr & Mrs Thanbirajah, Main Road, Kaluwanchikudy, Sri Lanka and Sri Balagengathevy daughter of the late Mr & Mrs Nagalingam, Ampanai, Tellippalai. Sri Lanka on 27.3.89 at London Sri Murugan Temple, London E12.
Srikanthan Son of the late Mr & Mrs R Rasa ligam, Thavadi, Sri Lanka and Vasutharani (Girija) daughter of Mr & Mrs P Narendranathan, 53 Crossways, South Croydon, Surrey CR2 8JQ on 2.4.89 at Selsdon Hall, Selsdon, Surrey, UK.
Dr Devakumar son of Mr & Mrs A Ratnasingam, 90 Empire Road, Perivale, Middx, UK and Shyamala daughter of Mr & Mrs P Vetivetpillai, 17 Northdown Road, Welling, Kent, UK on 9.4.89 at Lola Jones Hall, Greaves Place, London SW17.
Shanmugarajah son of Mr & Mrs P Tanaraja, 64 lorong Ma'arof, Bangsar Park, Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia and Sivanayaki daughter of the late Mr & Mrs K. Sittambalam, Colombo on 10.4.89 at Kalamandapam, Brickfields, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,
OBITUAR
Arumugam Kathiritham dai, retired Chief Station adhapura, Srí Lanka, bel late Indrani, dearest fat nathan (New Malden, Nadarajah (Barnes, Lor sothinathan (Toronto), nathan, Balachandran (C wary Puvirajasingham ( UK), Jeyaluxmi Rajasoor the late Chandrajothi; lo the late Dr Nadarajah (Z Sivaloganathan, Dr Puv kaiarkarasy Sivasothina jasooriyar, loving grandf. (Edmonton, Canada), Dr Leela Sivaloganathan, M shire, UK), Dr Dayapare Jersey, USA), Vanaja Pa sala Nadarajah; Nirmalat Puvirajasingham, Vasa ombo), grand uncle of S. mistra Nadarajah and gi Апиska passed away pe on his eighty ninth birthda Barrow in Furness, Cumi Tel: 022921621 Reginald Rasiah (72) b. Reena nee Duncan fathe aMvay on 10.3.89 — 32 Ro ley, Kent, UK.
Kiruba iku maran belo Celeste nee Whelan, fath Mr & Mrs V K Naliah, Colombo 4, passed awa tragic Circumstances in London.
Vaithilingam Visaka Pe husband of Vijayalakshmy la, brother of Kanag (Andrews) of Sri Lanka 2.4.89 in London - 8 Sa London SW 20 Tel:01-54
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

APRIL 1989
py (89) of AnaicodMaster, C.G.R Anurved husband of the er of Dr SivalogaUK), Saraswathy don SW13), Sivahe late Jegasothiolombo), JegathesBarrow in Furness, yar (Colombo), and ting father in law of ambia), Maheswary rajasingham, Manhan, and Dr Raather of Dr Sivabal Jeyabal (Bath, UK), anoharan (Lincolnin Nadarajah (New tel, Vasuhi & Vath, Shivani & Janani ntha Kumar (Cofubhas Patel & Shaeat grand father of acefully on 26.3.89 y - 76 Rating Lane, pria, LA 13 9LD, UK.
eloved husband of r of Shanti passed dway Road, Brom
Ved hu Sband Of er of Ambika Son of 19b Clifford Road, y on 3.3.89 under a Car accident in
umal (49) beloved , father of Shyamaasabapathypilai
passed away on dringham Avenue, ) 3195.
Thiru Kandiah (49) Journalist and internationally reputed Astropalmist, son of the late Mr. Thalaiyali V. Kandiah and Mrs. Maheswari Kandiah, belo ved husband of Gnaneswary; father of Jegajanani, Janarthan, and Jegalakshi; brother of Vani Mahendran (Sri Lanka), Bhavani, Rama, Nalini Suriyakumaran and Mahesan (all of U.K.) passed away in Colombo on 5.4.89. Job Selvarajah (42) Librarian, Batticaloa Minicipal Library, Sri Lanka, beloved husband of Devi mee Chelliah, father of Sujivan and Sajini, brother of John, Jesudason, Yogamalar, Joy Malar alI of Sri Lanka, Joseph (UK), Tharmaseelan (Saudi Arabia) died under tragic circumstances, killed in bus at Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka on 1.3.89.
Balasaraswathy (65) beloved wife of the Sri Lankan educationalist and human rights activist K. Sivapalan, daughter of the late Mr & Mrs TC Mylvaganam of Kalmunai, Sri Lanka mother of the late Giridharan and Gangadharan who were killed during communal disturbances in Sri Lanka, Nirmala Armitt, Haridharan, Mayuradharan and Dhushiyadharan all of UK; Premila Nandakumar, Yogadharan and Ravidharan of West Germany passed away on 13.3.89 at Leatherhead - 77 Cannon Grove, Fetcham, Leatherhead, Surrey, UK Tel: 0372374958
Forthcoming events
The London Veena Group presents Veena recitals by Arunthathy Srikantha Rajah May 4: 7.30pm Norwich Arts Centre, Norwich May 6: 7.30pm Congregational Hall, Nottingham May 20: 7.30pm Town Hall Studios, Swindon May 27: 7.30pm Herbert Art Gallery and Museum For details Tel:01-543 2126 or 01-672 O603
May 5: 6.30pm Star Night - Music, Dance, Comedy — presented by Siv Raj Enterprises and Verandah Restaurant. For tickets and information phone 01-76782O1/7959, O1-659 f 185 May 6: 7pm to midnight St. Patrick's College, Jaffna, Old Boys" Dinner-Dance at Wimbledon Town Hall, London SW19. For information and bookings Tel: 01-590 7247, O-446 4732
May 13: 7.30pm Bharatanatya Arangetram of Meera Appa at Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 4A Castletown Road, London W14 9HQ. For invitations ring 01-5689803
May 13: 7.00p.m. Tamil Union of Herts presents "An Evening of Dance & Drama' in aid of Herts Tamil School at Copland School, Wembley, Middx, U.K. Tickets £3, Children under 14 free.
May 26: 7 p.m. Institute of Eastern Culture and Arts presents "Nenjil Nirainthavai' by Foremost Indian Artistes T.M. Soundararajan and P. Susheela and their troupe at Westminster Central Hall, Storey's Gate, London SW1H 9NU. For tickets and information phone 01-471 8366, O1-471 5742, 01-459 8589.

Page 23
APRIL 1989
SHIPPING - AIR FREIGHT - TRAVEL
UNACCOMPANIED BAGGAGE PERSONAL EFFECTS, HOUSEHOLD GOODS, VEHICLES, MACHINERIES ETC.
We supply Tax Free Goods for expor to
A SRI LANKA A INDIA A PAKISTAN At AUSTRALIA AND OTHER FAR EAST
COUNTRIES r CANADA r USA AFRICA AND OTHER WORLD DESTINATIONS
We collect. We pack. We insure.
WE WILL FLY YOU ANY WHERE, ANY TIME ON SCHEDULED FLIGHTS AT LOW PRICES
GLEN CARRIERS LIMITED
Unit 1 Poplar Mews, Uxbridge Road, Shepherds Bush, LOndon W12 7UP Te: O1-740 8379/O1-749 O595 Fax: 01-740 4229 Telex 929657 Glenca G
 

TAM TIMES 23
Everest's Special Rates Minimum Deposit 50% 40% 30%
Flat Rate 4.9% 6.9% 8.9% APR 9.57% 3.46% 17.06%
Repayment Period 24 months 36 months 48 months Amount of Loan E2000 E2000 烷2000
Monthly Repayment E950 E67.06 E56.50
Total Repaid E29.00 E244.6 E272.00
Amount of loan E5000 舵5000 E5000 Monthly Repayment £228.75 El6765 炫l4l.25 Total Repaid E5490.00 E6035.40 E6780.00
We certainly haven't altered our standards. Just our interest rates. This spring we're offering a finance package that's clearly too good to miss.
You've got until the 5th of June to order entrance doors, patio doors, secondary windows, replacement windows, cladding, a porch or a conservatory.
Whatever you choose will help to protect you and your family against the elements, noise or even theft.
Quite a tall order, we think you'd agree. For more information phone Everest on
01-886 5966,
St. Patrick's College, Jaffna OLD BOY'S DINNER-DANCE
(in aid of college funds)
At Wimbledon Town Hall, S.W.19 On Saturday, May 6, 1989 from 7pm till midnight Tickets: 9 inclusive of dinner, children under 12 free
Admission by advance booking only
Guest of Honour: Rev. Fr. A.I. Bernard Guest artists: Nihal & Niranjan Pancratius,
Ravi & OuintuS & A. E. Monoharan Live Band: Soft Option Caterers: Neela Vanee Restaurant, Hayes
Raffles, Licensed barS, and SnackS available
For further information and bookings contact:
Mena Chelvanayagam 01-446 4732; Xavier O1-540 8309 2. Rohan Thuraisingham 0233-623493; Prithiraj 01-997 5324 Raj Selakone 01-684 6269; Alex Arulanandam 01-590 7247 M. Francis 01-749 3260; R.T. Machado 01-889 8958
Old Boys, families and friends welcome!

Page 24
24 TAMIL TIMES
RathbՕրe HO,
(GENERAL 8R, BU 55 RATHBONE PLACE, LO
We are Main Agents for Air Lanka, U"
SUMMER 1989 FARES (
Some of ou
LONDON - COLOMBO - SINGAPORE LONDON - COLOMBO-HONG KONG 4 LONDON - COLOMBO - KUALALUM
k k LONDON – COLOMBO – LOND sk k LONDON - MADRAS - LONDO k LONDON - COLOMBO - MADR k dr LONDON — SINGAPORE — COL
AND MAY MMORE SPECIAL FAA
FOR PROMPT PLEASE CA
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We occept all major credit cords - Wis
WE ARE NOW OPENSATURDAYBET
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雪置
Published by Tamil Times Ltd., PC Box 121, Sutton, Surrey SM1 3Tl
 

APRIL 1989
lidays Linited
SNESS TRAVEL INDON WIP TAB ENGLAND
TA, Korean Air, Royal Jordanion Airline
Except July and August)
|r best fares
Return
- SYDNEY - COLOMBO - LONDON 850 G - SYDNEY - COLOMBO-LONDON 870
PUR – MADRAS - LONDON £510
ON E399
N Direct E460 AS - COLOMBO - LONDON 470 OMBO — LONDON E490
FES A WAWA BLE FROM LIVS
"ATTENTION ALL US ON D 4460
WI
a Barclaycard'Access American Express TWEEN TOO.OO HOURS Fo T3. OO HOURS
D: Typ F5Pt & Prinlad by SF Lima Data Ltd., Union Street, SE1