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IL 1990
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2 TAMIL TIMES
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15 APRIL 1990
CONTENTS
Prabhakaran in public after 30 months. . .4 2S3•222)^*-->'oNofrs'- ISSN 0
Prabhakaran interviewed. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 ANNUAL SU UK/India/Sri Lan Israeli interests Section closed. . . . . . . . . 6 All other countri
News Round Up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Publish
TAM TI in future. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 P.O. B The uncertain future SUTTON, SUR
UNITED
Views expressed by contributors are not necessarily those of the editor or the publishers. Phone: 01
Hailed and garlanded by the beleaguered Tamils of Sri Lanka on their arrival on the fateful day of 30 July 1987 in the wake of the signing of the Indo-Sri Lanka Agreement, the last batch of nearly 2000 soldiers of the Indian Peace Keeping Force departed on 24 March after a 32 month gruelling military confrontation in the course of which they lost an officially acknowledged 1155 of their comrades in addition to the 2984 injured. Although they were accorded a colourful ceremony in the presence of politicians and top brass from the armed forces, their departure had been called and wished for and unlamented by many. The IPKFJawans themselves would have felt a sense of relief that their ordeal in a foreign land was over. The Indian army had fought the longest "war" in its post independent history. It lost more men, equipment and money in this "war" than in any other, when in fact they came ostensibly expecting to play a peace-keeping role.
At the end of this rather Controversial and Confusing chapter in Indo-Sri Lanka relations, claims of Victory are being made by all sides. President Premadasa claims to have regained the sovereignty of Sri Lanka by sending out the Indian troops, although he happily continued to remain Prime Minister for nearly two years after their arrival without word of protest regarding their presence. The LTTE for its part has proudly asserted that it had successfully resisted the fourth largest army in the world. Having come on the basis of protecting the Tamils, and without giving thought to the thousands of Tamils who died in the Course of their operations, the IPKF's Commander Gen. A.S. Kalkat claims that the IPKF came as a proud force and were leaving as a proud force having protected the unity and integrity of Sri Lankal
For an army which ensured the total surrender of over 95,000 Pakistani troops in Bangladesh in 1971, by no stretch of the imagination can it be justifiably claimed that the role of the Indian army in Sri Lanka constituted one of its most glorious chapters in its history. When the balance sheet is struck, it will show more on the debit Side than the Credit Side. As for the LTTE, when it took on the mighty IPKF in October 1987, the move had all the signs of a victory for the Suicidal tendency. But today the ground reality is that the IPKF has gone having failed to tame the Tigers and the LTTE has gained unpre
 

TAM TIMES 3
CONTENTS
266-4488 The Trial of Perumal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 BSCRIPTION Tigers & The "Indian War'. . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Ea. . . E10/USS2O
es. . . 15/USS30 Readers' Forum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 d by LTTE Leaders to be quizzed......... 19 MES LTD
DX 121 Farewell to the IPKF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 REY SM1 3 TD
KINGOOM The publishers assume no responsibility for return of 644 0972 unsolicited manuscripts, photographs and artwork.
: OF THE IPKF
cedented dominance in the Tamil areas virtually eclipsing all other political and militant groups.
Was the arrival of the IPKF on 30 July 1987 a well thought out move, and had Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and President J.R. Jayawardene given serious consideration to its implications for both India and Sri Lanka? In a recent interview (The Sunday Times, Colombo, 11 February 1990), Jayawardene said, "When Rajiv was in Sri Lanka to sign the accord in July 1987, there was an outbreak of violence. I asked the IGP why more Police were not in Colombo and he said 2400 policemen had been sent up to Kandy for the Esala Perehera (a Buddhist religious festival). He could not bring them down unless the Perehera was Cancelled. I then turned to the Chiefs of the Security Forces. They said they could spare some men but did not have the planes to bring them from the North and East. Rajiv heard of my difficulty and asked, "Can I help?' I told him our difficulties and he said he would give some planes to help transport our troops. Then he asked whether I also needed some manpower to assist in the North and East if some of the troops were coming south. This was possible under the Accord. I said, since the planes are coming empty why not send some? That is how the Indian troops came to Sri Lanka. So, the Indian troops arrived in planes which were needed to transport Sri Lankan troops from the north and east to the South and which would have otherwise COne emptyl it is often said that politics is too serious a matter for Generals. One wonders whether military matters are also too serious to be left in the hands of politicians, even though they may happen to be Prime Ministers and Presidents.
However, with the departure of the IPKF, those who prophesied that the Indians had come to stay permanently in the island, they would never leave, and even if they left other parts of the north and east, but never Trincomalee, have been proved wrong. The Sri Lankan media, (particularly the ISLAND group of newspapers) which thrived on a daily diet of anti-India bashing have to find some worthwhile domestic issues to ConCentrate On. To begin with, they can emerge from their servility to the powers that be and expose the men behind the killer-squads which go around gunning down or decapitating their political opponents.

Page 4
4 TAMILTMES"
COOMBONEWSLETER
by Chithra ge
VELUPILLAI PRABHAKARAN, the leader and supreme commander of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), made his much anticipated reappearance in public on 1 April at a press conference attended by dozens of national and international correspondents in the Tamil dominated northern city of Jaffna.
Not seen in public since October 1987, for a man presumed to have been holed up in an underground bunker located somewhere in the thick tropical
jungles in north Sri Lanka for nearly
thirty months leading his cadres in a battle for survival against the Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF), Prabhakaran presented the picture of perfect health prompting a foreign reporter's quip that he looked like a person who had spent his time in a rejuvenation health clinic.
Prabhakaran, dressed in combat
uniform and flanked by many heavily
armed LTTE cadres in tiger-striped
military fatigues, held hands with his deputy Gopalaswamy Mahendirarajah (Mahathaya) in a gesture of demonstration of their cordial relations thereby giving the lie to the much circulated rumour that he had been killed by his deputy in a struggle for power.
The conference began with Prabhakaran reading out a statement in which he accused the Indian government of having “completely disregarded the political aspirations, interests and security concerns of our people who have suffered long years of genocidal oppression but was primarily concerned about our arms which constituted the shield of security of our people. This was the Himalayan blunder made by India and she has learned a bitter historical lesson for such a misguided policy'. He hoped that Sri Lanka would not make such a disastrous mistake.
rto
Describing the "termination of the
Indian intervention' as a grand victory to their struggle, Prabhakaran's statement added that it was 'a monumental event in the history of the world. For more than two years, we fought a
ruthless war shedding our blood
against a formidable military force, a mighty power in Asia. The supreme sacrifice made by our fighters, and by our people in this armed conflict has become a historical epic of heroism and courage'. The LTTE was not a hostile force to the Indian government or to the Indian people, but they opposed the misguided policies of the former Indian administration and resisted its military intervention, and the LTTE did not want the Indian government to inter
fere politically or militarily ‘in our ,
problems, the statement added.
Referring to the ongoing negotia
P
tions with the Sri La Prabhakaran said,
we have been invol with the governme am pleased to note been cordial, const progressed on the ba and understanding. of these talks there mality. . .I shoul courageous and the enunciated by Pre has resulted in the peace and conciliati
The LTTE lead there was a campaig ers that the LTTE is weapons and said, " ding that the LTTE arms, one should ob analyse as to why w fought a protracted more than fifteen y say that once con taken to remove the tions that led to Tan the question of arm ever. It is a miscon that the ethnic issue once the LTTE hand s. . .The question o resolved unless th resolved amicably'.
The future depen tion of the Sinhala the blunders of th preparedness to r problem on the basi and righteousness ( other hand, justice people and if oppre against our people, to resume the arm hold the freedom Prabhakaran said.
Referring to som counters with the IF some occasions th came within fifty hideout and on oth been shaken by bo planes. Asked abou time, he chose an man described as a
leader, "I would p
service rather tha: cian. If there is perr become involved in tion such as helpin dren”.
A week earlier, wife and two chil
from their jungle hi
and returned to Ja LTTE's main camp Jaffna city for a district military co addressed some of On 30 March, he ul Mrs. Poopathy K.
 
 
 

15 APRIL 1990
rabhakaran. In Public After Thirty Months
nkan government, For nearly a year led in peace talks it of Sri Lanka. I hat the talks have ructive and have sis of mutual trust As a consequence is peace and norl say that the radical approach sident Premadasa present climate of on'. er regretted that n by the newspaphould surrender its Instead of demanshould surrender lectively study and took up arms and armed struggle for ears...We wish to crete actions are causes and condinil resistance, then s will be settled for ception to assume would be resolved ls over its weaponf arms cannot be e ethnic issue is
ded on the realisapolitical leaders of he past and their esolve the Tamil s of human justice Dharma). "If on the
is denied to our ssion is unleashed we will not hesitate ed struggle to up
of our people',
e of his close. enKF he said that on e Indian soldiers 'ards of his jungle r occasions he had mbs dropped from this role in peaceunlikely role for a
ruthless guerrilla refer to do social n become a politihanent peace, I will social rehabilitahandicapped chil
Prabhakaran, his |ren had emerged deout in Mullaitivu fna. He visited the in the outskirts of meeting with his nmander and later nis leading cadres. veiled a portrait of napathipillai who
died in eastern Batticaloa in a protest fast-unto-death in early 1988 demanding a ceasefire of hostilities between the IPKF and LTTE.
女女女
LTTE's territorial control of the North East appears to be total and its local leaders in Jaffna, Trincomalee and Batticaloa go about their business as if they had already gained control of the administration of these areas.
"Flags and posters of the LTTE and the PFLT dominate the areas and it seems as if no other political party exists. Restaurants and street-corners play the group's patriotic songs and speeches praising martyrs and explaining why and how they fought the cause of the Tamils all these years. Area leaders of the LTTE hold durbars on local problems and even preside over peoples' courts'. (India Today, 15 April). The LTTE levies taxes from traders on consumer and nonconsumer items. Businessmen and professions are called on to make ‘donations'.
In spite of their obvious domination, the LTTE seems to place heavy reliance on security. The LTTE and PFLT offices which have mushroomed all over are on round-the-clock guard by armed cadres. Armed better than ever before, they make their presence felt travelling about in Nissan and Pajero pick-up vehicles. They man the sand emplacements, bunkers and camps left behind by the IPKF. A large number of boys in their teens are being drafted for training. It is claimed that the time has come for every Tamil family to give one of their sons to the LTTE to fight for the 'cause of Eelam'. It is unmistakable that the demand for a separate state of Eelam has not been dropped.
YOGA & col
Solicitors & AdminstratOrS Of Oaths
47 Booth Road, Colindale, London NW95JS
Telephone: 01-205 0899

Page 5
15 APR fggo
'We Have Not Give, Our Demand For Indepen - V. PRABHAKARAN
By Kendall Hopman in Jaffna
At 35 Velupillai Prabhakaran is probably one of the youngest and guerrilla leaders in the world. And when he surfaced here last week aft hiding, he was sure he had won, or was very near winning the battle
There was an aura of unreality even in his native Velvetiturai wh Commander of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam visited the battleseem possible that 70,000 Indian soldiers had tramped across this terri and missed him.
Today, the fate of his people is in his hands, but the responsibility do down. And as I chatted with him over a well-prepared Chinese lunch i Jaffna, I found Prabhakaran a mild man. It was hard to believe he was a one of the most ruthless guerrilla groups in the world.
"To win a war you have to be firm, determined and ruthless, Prab abhor war, but when war is thrust on you, you have to be ruthless.
It was almost uncanny how this city had reverted to what it was Keeping Force arrived. The Sri Lankan security forces and police are streets belong to the people and to the Tigers.
Young boys from the St. John's Ambulance Corps direct traffic. Thes vehicles and pedestrians. Jaffna is virtually bursting at the seams, and Until negotiations between the LTTE and the government are c uncertain. A few pessimists warn that this is the calm before the s confident they will get what they want. Says Anton Balasingham, theor are in a position of strength, politically and militarily'.
Here are excerpts from an interview with Mr. Prabhakaran, as transla
Jaffna, April 4, 1990 Q: You appear to have won your battle. HoyMy does it feel fo have Won? A: I feel very proud of my people, our movement and our nation. Q: Are you still determined to fight for a separate state, or will you settle for less? A: We launched this struggle for selfdetermination and political independence because of the systematic oppression by the state. We have not given up our demand for self-determination or independence. The President offered to talk to us unconditionally. Because of this radical approach, we are talking to him. But if the oppression of our people continues, we are ready to fight for self-determination and a separate state. Q: Will you stand for office? A: No. I will not participate in elections, or in the administrative set-up. Q: What will your role be then? A: I will remain the supreme military commander and leader of the movement. Q: How are your negotiations with the government proceeding? A: So far, the talks have been very cordial and constructive, and are progressing. There have been no serious problems as yet.
Q: What about your demand for the repeal of the Sixth Annendinent? A: We have told the President that the Sixth Amendment must be annulled, and we expect the government to bring an amendment to this effect.
Q: But the government needs a two-thirds majority in Parliament to do that?
A: The governn they can annul tl with the support The Muslim Cong Q: Looking at wha are you confident you goto Colombc A: I have not yet go to Colombo. I letters from mel advising me not t Q: What was the struggle? A: The darkest da the day the India homeland. The tervention in ou darkest stage. Q: Were you prepa after the Indians c. by surprise? A: We were not by India's milita had been anticipa were fully aware objectives. We we the onslaught be ledge of India's ir Q: MVhat Were shog A: India's strate ise the ethnic s Lanka within he Q: What caused between the LTT the flashpoint? A: We were f immediate strat Indian troops wa And without of solution to the blundered by fo] arm the Tigers.

т-ир CenCe
most successful modern rtwo-and-a-half years in he began 17 years ago.
en the elusive Supreme scarred village. It did not lory in search of this man
as not seem to weigh him n a house somewhere in lso founder and leader of
akaran said, 'One must
before the Indian Peace once again indoors. The
treets are congested with the people seem happy. Oncluded their future is torm. But the LTTE are ptician of the Tigers: "We
rted by Dr. Balasingham.
ment feels confident he Sixth Amendment of the Tamil parties, gress and the USA. f happened to the JVP, that you will be safe, if
2 made any decision to have received many mbers of the public o go to Colombo.
darkest day of your
y in our struggle was n army landed in our Indian military inr struggle was the
red for what happened ame, or did it take you
shocked or surprised ry intervention. We ting such a move. We of India's strategic re able to withstand 'cause of our knowtentions. fe intentions? gic objective is to utiltruggle to bring Sri r sphere of influence. he souring of relations and India? MWhat was
lly aware that the gic objective of the s to disarm the LTTE. fering a substantial Tamil problem, India cefully trying to dis
TAMIL TIMES 5*
LT TE leader V. Prabhakaran
Secondly. While we were surrendering arms the RAW and the Indian government were arming and training other groups. That was an act of betrayal.
Thirdly, the Indian troops here were helping the Sri Lankan government to build up state structures and to resume colonization. India helped the Sri Lanka government to induct the state system at our expense. It was at that time that Thileepan began his fast unto death, to protest at the reopening of police stations and colonization. India took no action to prevent his death.
Then, when 17 of our men were captured and placed in Indian custody, they prepared to hand them over to the Sri Lankan government instead of releasing them. India showed no concern or interest in the welfare of the Tamil people. Recently India provided security for Varatharajah Perumal and other EPRLF cadres, but at that time they did not provide any measure of protection for our people. They were collaborating with the Sri Lankan government. Q: in retrospect though, wouldn't you agree that India's intervention helped you to reach this stage? After all, it was their arrival that precipitated the JVP uprising, which in turn brought about the present government - LTTE dialogue, A: The original plan of Sri Lanka and India was very different to what actually happened. Everything went wrong. All their plans collapsed. The present situation is the outcome of that. Q: Nevertheless, it helped the LTTE, did it rOf? A: The aims and objectives of India and Sri Lanka were different. The LTTE also made its own efforts to force a change in their plans. On the first day of the war the Indians planned to kill me. They sent a special Sikh regiment which surrounded the area I was in. Supposing it had worked and they had killed me? Then India's original strategy would have worked.

Page 6
6 TAMIL TIMES
Q: But would you have succeeded in gaining the degree of control you now have over the north and east, if the IPKF had not arrived here? A: Even before the Indian intervention, we were in control of many parts of the north and east. It took the mighty Indian army two weeks to enter Jaffna city, and more than a month to gain control of the peninsula. Even during the Sri Lankan operation in Vadamarachchi we launched successful counter operations. Q: But you now have more control over the east, especially Trincomalee, than ever before? A: Even the east would have been under our control a long time ago. The Sri Lankan government would never have been able to put up as big an offensive as India did.
Q: How do you feel about the cost of your struggle in terms of lives lost? Do you have any regrets at all? A: It is a common historical phenomenon that oppressed people all over the world suffer tremendously in their liberation struggles. Similarly our people also suffered. I feel that the entire struggle had meaning and significance. It is because we fought for so many years that the Sri Lankan government has now begun to realise the importance of our struggle. I see the historical evolution of our struggle. After 40 years, the Sinhala people are taking us seriously. Q: Don't you think that the cause of the Tanils could have been Served much better if there had been unity among the
Tamil militant groups get on? A: I agree with you our struggle would better. But unfortu placed in a tragic sit kill our own brother a tragedy that dist find it very painful a of this disunity, ther organisation who ha blood brothers. It is a concern. This confli some groups betraye unavoidable.
Q: Do you fear that thi day come back to ha more problems for yo A: It may be possible may try to penetra problems. But we are can prevent it. All ov problems arise. Ever to face some sort of Lanka there was til there is the Punjab Q: Looking back at t your militancy, did backlash that resulted soldiers at Tinnevel ir A: No, we never a massive racial holo tension in these are: been reprisals for : but we did not exp such magnitude.
G2: lin the course of yot Tamil political leaders, have been eliminated,
ISRAEL INTERESTS SECTION CLOSED
The controversial presence of the Israeli Interest Section based in the premises of the U.S. Embassy in Colombo is to come to an end with effect from 20 April. The announcement to this effect made by the government on 20 March of its decision has been greeted with popular approval.
A press release from the Presidential Secretariat stated that Sri Lanka would resume diplomatic relations with Israel once she recognised the Palestinian Liberation Organisation as the legitimate representative of the Palestinian people, withdrew from all Palestinian occupied territory and agreed to participate in an International Conference on the Middle-East convened by the United Nations. ۔۔۔۔۔
A Foreign Ministry official in Jerusalem said, "In supporting the PLO and organisations that continue to use terrorism, Sri Lanka is encouraging violence. It is surprising that Sri Lanka which was affected by terror many times in the past is in favour of such an organisation as the PLO’.
Sri Lanka broke off diplomatic relations with Israel nearly 20 years ago but in 1984 the government headed by former President Junius Jayawardene
allowed the Interest up in the US Embas off widespread prot land's 1.5 Muslims a ties. The move incu sure of Arab countric ment then engaged i ary onslaught again also invited Mossad
a's security and inte
Jane Hunter in "Lanka Guardian wrote, "The Govern J.R. Jayawardene Washington, Londo help. Not wanting t million Tamils live Indian State of Tar been a source of ur the Tamils - the R tion declined — as di Germany - to give c smooth the way f assistance. In Ma allowed Israel to es section under the Embassy in the cap Although it is oft temine whether embroiled in someo own motives or on b this instance Isra quite clearly as a arrival in Decembe non Walters in Sri

15 APRIL 1990
Why couldn't you
that with unity, have progressed nately, we were lation. We had to . It is a curse and nity prevailed. I ld tragic. Because are cadres in our to kill their own matter of serious it arose because ! our cause. It was
disunity will some unt you and cause ir people?
that some groups te us and cause confident that we
er the world Such
y government has opposition. In Sri he JVP. In India und Kashmir. he early stages of wou anticipate the fron the death of 13
July 1983? nticipated such a aust. There was as, and there had several incidents, ect a backlash of
ir struggle, all other and representatives leaving you the only
Section to be set sy which sparked ests from the isnd opposition parIrred the displeaes too. The governn a ruthless militst Tamil militants to train Sri Lankligence services. an article in the (15 May 1988) ment of President went running to in, and Bonn for o anger India - 50 in the Southern hil Nadu and have official support for eagan administraBritain and West irect aid. But it did r Israel to render y 1984 the U.S. ablish an interest aegis of the U.S. cal city of Colombo. in difficult to deIsrael becomes e else's war for its half of the U.S., in l's presence was U.S. proxy. The 1984 of Gen. Veranka underscored
major Tamil force for the government to negotiate with. Would you say this is the last chance for peace? A: For a long time in our struggle, we did not have any direct negotiations with the government. There were always mediators. This is the first direct mediation to take place. It is therefore a very good opportunity for the Sri Lankan government to negotiate and settle our problems. Yes, this may be the last opportunity. Q: Do you foresee any problems in the transition of your organisation from a highly disciplined military force, to a more flexible political organisation? A: Political conditions led to the creation of our military structure. We are fighting for political objectives. One should not differentiate between politics and militancy. Once we achieve our political objectives, our military structures will automatically dissolve themselves. Q: What model of government would you like to see in this country? A: I would like to see a society that is economically self-sufficient and selfreliant. I also want a democratic system in which the people have the right to rule themselves. And there should be economic equality among the working people. Q: To your cadres, and to many people in the north and east, you area hero. How do you see yourself? A: I am a fighter for my people.
(Courtesy, Sunday Times 8.4.90)
the continuing U.S. interest in the situation there.
"Walters, a former CIA officer and President Reagan's favourite "trouble shootero until he became U.S. Ambassador to the U.N. in 1985, met with President Jayawardene and Security Minister Lalith Athulathmudali. It has never been clear how many Israeli agencies were involved and exactly what the Israelis were assigned to do in Sri Lanka.
Speculation is rife in Colombo as to the reason why President Premadasa made the move to shut down the Interest Section at this time. One reason adduced is that the U.S., very much angered by the persistent obstructionist approach by the Israeli government to the U.S. sponsored peace moves in the Middle-East, wanted to teach a lesson and brought its influence to bear on the Sri Lankan President. A more plausible explanation seems to be that Premadasa, being confronted with almost insurmountable economic problems and acute shortage of funds to finance his pet projects like the Poverty Alleviation Programme, wants to please the oilrich Arab countries with a view to seeking financial aid. The timing of the government's decision is also said to be related to Yassar Arafat's proposed visit to Sri Lanka shortly.

Page 7
15 APRIL 1990
“NO SURRENDER OF ARMS — Balasingham
LTTE's chief spokesman, S.A. Balasingham has categorically denied the prospect of the LTTE surrendering its weapons in an interview given to the Colombo weekly, The Sunday Times (8 April).
The LTTE's military structure will never be dissolved. We will never trust the Sri Lankan Army to protect our people. We trusted the Sri Lankan Army and the IPKF and 25,000 people died', Mr. Balasingham said.
He said that plans were afoot to absorb the LTTE's armed cadres into a proposed provincial police force but not all the group's fighters would join. "As far as the LTTE is concerned the threat of the Tamil National Army (TNA) is not over yet'. About 3000 TNA cadres were in India and were being supported by the country’s external intelligence agency, the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW). “We need to have a security system to prevent the penetration of these forces which the Sri Lankan Army cannot do. They don't know who they are', Mr. Balasingham said.
"Secondly we need armed cadres to protect our leaders. These structures will never be dissolved'. Asked for his reactions to statements from the government that the LTTE's weapons was the only problem left, Balasingham
said that the LTTE's position had been
explained to the government and President Premadasa understood the problem.
According to Mr. Balasingham, the group's negotiations with the government would be in two phases. "Phase one began with the withdrawal of the IPKF and would end with the LTTE
consultation with ernment. These r ly of families, a la women and chilc some officials oft ment of North E are persons who f risk after the deir
"...It was dec fugees should be Orissa. They ar. Koraput.
"Government o make it clear tha Indian soil to be u directed against
of which militant
will be Governn deavour to encou who have come t their country as t ises and once the In this context, it the Sri Lankan G necessary steps to safety and securit motivate early re from India to t Lanka'.
PRESIDEI DIRECT F N-E C The North-East was placed unde Governor, Lt. Ger by an order mad madasa on 25 Ma The order state was satisfied tha and proper functi cial Council ha affected by the ab to function of the the Board of Min
being elected to the North-Eastern A Secretary. It ful
Provincial Council. Phase two would be discussed on more power and autonomy for that Council'.
"No Anti-Lanka Militant Activity From Indian Soil
The Government of India would not allow any of the Sri Lankan Tamil militant groups to use the Indian soil for "any activities directed against Sri Lanka', a statement issued in New Delhi on March 12 stated.
As if to ensure that the Indian Government's wishes are respected in this regard, the 1600-odd Sri Lankan Tamil refugees who arrived in the country by ship and air during the previous week were duly disarmed as soon as they set foot on Indian soil.
A press release issued by the Official Spokesman in New Delhi stated:
"It has already been indicated that approximately 1600 Sri Lankan refugees have been brought from Trincomalee to India by sea and air on humanitarian considerations and in
become inexpedie currence of the ( move those offic absent and appo place, the Preside
vested in him by
Constitution app Ganeshananthan place of V.N. Siva to hold the off directed the Gove vincial Council to such officers in h In the meantim North-East Prov Ram Rajakariyan after a series of c. Sri Lanka Gover cussions with thi negotiator and A.C.S. Hameed, Defence Ranjan V Tourism and F Thondaman and ment officials.
The discussions centred round co

naam
the Sri Lankan Govefugees consist mostrge percentage being ren. There are also he Provincial Governlast Province. These
elt their lives were at duction of the IPKF.
ided that these re..emporarily lodged in 2 now in camps in
f India would like to ut it would not allow ised for any activities Sri Lanka regardless group is involved. It ment of India’s enrage all the refugees o India to return to he situation normalrefugees feel secure. , is to be hoped that overnment will take create conditions for y which alone would turn of all refugees heir homes in Sri
NT ORDERS RULE OVER OUNCIL
Provincial Council r direct rule by the . Nalin Seneviratne, e by President Pre.rch. d that the President t the administration oning of the Provinud been adversely sence and the failure Chief Minister and isters and the Chief ther stated it had nt to obtain the conhief Minister to re:ers who had gone int others in their nt had under powers Article 154T of the ointed Sornalingam as Chief Secretary in rajah who had ceased ce. The order also rnor of the N-E Prodismiss and appoint s discretion. e, the Speaker of the incial Council, Pon left for south India
onsultations with the
nment. He held disgovernment's chief Minister of Justice
State Minister for
Vijeratne, Minister of
ural Industries Sir other senior govern
are reported to have vening a meeting of
TAN TINES '7
the N-E Provincial Council in Colombo the members of which scattered all over having left Trincomalee just prior to the departure of the IPKF. The Chief Minister himself is reported to be in the Indian Ocean island of Mauritius. The government is said to be confronted with a constitutional impasse in regard to the dissolution ofthe Council, which is a demand of the LTTE. Without a recommendation of the Chief Minister it would appear that the Council cannot be dissolved by the
President.
The LTTE leadership is said to be deeply angered by the moves to get the Members of the Council to meet in
Colombo.
LT TE JOinS fo Form Peace Committee
The army and the police assisted by the LTTE are reported to be making arrangements to form Peace Committees in every village in the multi-ethnic Trincomalee district. The aim is to: avoid a repetition of previous ethnic clashes which had affected the district.
The Peace Committees would liaise
with both the government security authorities and the LTTE to ensure
level.
that peace is maintained at village
The decision to form these Committees was taken on 27 March at a
Continued On Page 9

Page 8
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SAP's 1990
Continued From Page 7
meeting held in the Trincomalee Kachcheri chaired by Governor Nalin Seneviratne at which the LTTE's Trincomalee political commander A. Ruben, Army Co-ordinating Officer Lal Weerasoorya, Deputy Inspector Generall of Police T.E. Anandarajah and other senior officials were present.
INDIAN FISHING CRAFT 魏 SEZED
Cadres of the LTTE seized an unknown number of Indian-owned fishing craft off the northern coast of Sri Lanka on 28 March. The incident occurred while the government's chief negotiator and Minister of Justice Sahul Hameed assisted by Sri Lanka's High Commissioner designate and former Defence Secretary Senpala Attygalle were continuing having discussions at the Palay Army Camp in Jaffna with LTTE leaders Anton Balasingham, Jaffna Military Commander Banu and three others.
Confirming the incident, Defence Secretary General Cyril Ranatunga stated they would be contacting the LTTE with a view to getting the fishing vessels released. Indian fishing craft described as trawlers, vallams and small boats had been apprehended by LTTE sea patrols off the coast of Jaffna peninsula along with some 200 Indians who were in the vessels at the time of their seizure.
Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, M. Karunanidhi took up the matter with President Premadasa on whose instructions Minister Hameed discussed the issue with the LTTE leadership and eventually the fishing vessels and the fishermen were released. It would seem that the LTTE had explained that they intervened on behalf of the Sri Lankan fishermen following representations to the effect that the Indian fishermen had not only been fishing within Sri Lankan waters, but during the previous two months had damaged the fishing nets of Sri Lankan fishermen.
is Ganini Ousted
in Cabinet Reshuffle
The highlight of the recent Cabinet reshuffle announced by President Premadasa was the dropping of Gamini Dissanayake who held the portfolio of Minister of Plantation Industries. The move was not unpredicted as Mr. Dissanayake had fallen in the bad books of Mr. Premadasa having articulated vievs diferent to those of the President on many issues. Mr. Dissanayake was also a frontline contender in the presidential stakes and was close to former President J.R. Jayawardene whose known supporters have been
progressively ren of power and in madasa.
The contender succession, Lali having less disloy profile since Mr. President, has b Ministry of Ag operatives to Edu file Ranjan Wijer Ministry of Forei tion Industries remain as State N
Mr. A.C. Sahl playing a key role negotiations with from the Ministry to the Justice known and uncl jetunga has beer Minister and Mil his transparent dent whose close Mr. Sirisena Coor the Ministry of H tion. The plantati and President of Congress is the and Rural Indust.
OPPOSITO PARLAMEN
Members of Par the opposition Sri ty (SLFP) and Alliance (USA) b nial opening of t Parliament on 4 of the opening, b pageantry assoc speech from Pres ting out the gove of work.
A press releas the SLFP attrib the undemocrati ernment, the mu violations of hur less burdens be rapidly increasir the lawlessness p and East which threat to the integrity of the c A press releas the USA by Va. stated, “As an im tion of the protes anti-government the escalating p1 modities, the rep nisations and ol the continuance on account of the ment to set up an North and East combining all s speaking people, has decided to bc ings in Parliam new Sessions'.

noved from positions fluence by Mr. Pre
for the presidential th Athulathmudali alty by keeping a low
Premadasa became een moved from the riculture and Cocation. The high proatne has moved from gn Affairs to Plantawhile continuing to Minister of Defence. ul Hameed, who is in the government's the LTTE has moved of Higher Education Ministry. The less harismatic D.B. Wiretained as Prime hister of Finance for oyalty to the Presifriend and associate ay has been awarded pusing and Construcon trade union leader the Ceylon Workers Minister of Tourism rial Development.
N BOYCOTTS NTʼS OPENING
liament belonging to i Lanka Freedom Parthe United Socialist boycotted the ceremohe Second Session of April. The main item pesides the pomp and iated with it, is the ident Premadasa set2rnment's programme
e issued on behalf of uted their boycott to c actions of the govrders, abductions and man rights, the limiteing heaped by the ng cost of living and revailing in the North was posing a real unity and territorial :ountry. e issued on behalf of sudeva Nanayakkara petus to the mobilisast movement of all the forces on account of ices of essential compression of mass orgapposition parties and of this regime and also failure of the governi administration in the on a democratic basis ections of the Tamil the Socialist Alliance ycott today's proceedent to inaugurate its
”AL MES 9
LTTE Takes Over Tamil Congress Head Office'
The premises which housed the Jaffna Head Quarters of the All Ceylon Tamil Congress has been forcibly taken over by cadres of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.
The Congress Head Office I was located in the house belonging to its leader Mr. Kumar Ponnambalam who said that the Assistant Secretary of the party, Mr. R.E. Anandarajah had been residing at the property with his family; LTTE cadres had swooped down on the house and forcibly taken the keys and on their orders had vacated the residence with his family.
Mr. Ponnambalam said that on receipt of the information, he immediately contacted Minister A.C.S. Hameed and sought his assistance; the Minister had promised to take up the matter with the LTTE leadership.
Govt. Threatens Action Against Newspapers
A government communique issued by the Presidential Secretariat on 3 April stated that appropriate legal action would be taken against newspapers and their publishers who quote from deliberations and discussions purported to have taken place at Cabinet meetings when the publication of such classified information was prohibited by law.
The communique added that it had been found that some of this information was defamatory in character. Certain others were intended to create dissension or bring disrepute to the government. There were instances where they impinged on national security and the independence of the judiciary.
LTTE DENES SIKH LINK
The LTTE has denied that it had anything to do with Mr. Nagai Mugan who had claimed to be a representative of the LTTE and offered its help to the Sikhs in their fight against the Indian government.
The LTTE statement said that there was no truth in the claim by Mr. Mugan that he was a representative of LTTE leader V. Prabhakaran and that he (Prabhakaran) would meet Mr. Simranjit Singh Mann, the leader of : the Akali Dal (Mann Group), in Madurai in May. "The LTTE does not appoint any outsider as its envoy or representative. Mr. Prabhakaran does not have any plans to come to Madurai'. Delhi that he would be going to Madurai on June 9 and 10 to meet Mr. Prabhakaran. He had claimed that the
Continued On Page 16

Page 10
10 TAMIL TIMES
NEWS ROUND-UP
O THE LTTE had, during its discussions with the government, sought the repeal of the Sixth Amendment to the Constitution which prescribed a compulsory oath of allegiance to a unitary Sri Lanka and prohibited advocating a separate state; the LTTE had said that its repeal would not affect the country's unitary status and sovereignty which were enshrined in the 1978 Constitution, and this request was under active consideration, Minister of Foreign Affairs and State Minister for Defence Ranjan Wijeratne said. O FOLLOWING what was described as an "unprovoked and unwarranted' attack on its jungle base at Malwatte in Amparai in the Eastern Province by the LTTE, DPLF (political wing of PLOTE) Vice President Karavai Kandasamy stated that they had sought a meeting with President Premadasa. His party had to shift its bases to jungle areas following the LTTE takeover of the areas vacated by the IPKF; the LTTE was trying to dominate the North-East and establish a one-party state by decimating the other political parties although they did not interfere with the political or military activities of the LTTE. O THE GENERAL COUNCIL of the Bar Council of England and Wales has written to the High Commissioner for Sri Lanka in the UK following a submission by 12 Sri Lankan lawyers complaining about the violence and death threats against them and their colleagues. Roger Henderson, QC, stated on behalf of the Bar Council that Emergency Regulation 55FF which provided for the cremation or burial of bodies without an inquest or judicial involvement was contrary to the Rule of Law and therefore should be repealed; informed and unimpaired judicial investigation of the case, manner and circumstances of untimely death was essential to the Rule of Law; and the safety of lawyers in Sri Lanka should be secured so as to enable them to pursue such cases as those concerning fundamental human rights.
O FOUR Police Constables attached to the Weeraguls police station in the Gampaha district were arrested by the Criminal Investigations Department for their alleged involvement in the massacre of twelve persons, including a 19-year-old woman, at Wavulkelle in the North Central Province. According to CID sources, the reserve PCs along with some Special Task Force personnel had carried out the killings on a contract basis; and the assailants were also involved in several robberies in other areas. A police Sub-Inspector who is also accused of alleged involvement in the killings of the 12 persons has gone "missing.
O A TAX is being imposed by the LTTE on cement transported from the Cement Corporation's factory in Kankensanthurai in northern Jaffna. A receipt for the payment of the prescribed tax of Rs.5 per bag of cement is said to be a pre-condition for the issue of cement from the factory, whatever the quantity. An additional Rs.12.50 is reportedly imposed on all cement transported to the Batticaloa district. The printed tax receipt bearing the LTTE emblem carries the number of bags, the vehicle number and the amount paid in tax.
O AN EIGHT-MEMBER armed gang, some wearing armytype uniforms and carrying automatic weapons had arrived in a vehicle without number plates at the residence of the SLFP MP, Mr. Jeyaraj Fernandopulle, jumped over the wall, broke into the house and carried out a search on March 8. The gang had attempted to abduct some security personnel of the MP. Another SLFP MP, Ananda Dassanayake, complained in Parliament that his sister's son, 39-year-old D.D. Dingiri Banda had been abducted by a gang in police-type uniforms at Harangala in Kotmale and his whereabouts were not known. The arrest and subsequent death in custody of 57-year-old SLFP supporter Jayaweera was also raised in Parliament by Mihainda Abeykoon (SLFP MP for Kandy District). Jayaweera had been arrested by the Thalatu Oya police and when the MP
 
 

15 APRIL 1990
made inquiries as to the reason for his arrest, he was told that Jayaweera was wanted by the Galaha police and he would be handed over to them. When the MP later asked the Galaha police, they denied that there was any such person in their custody. The MP contacted a senior police official in Kandy and was told that Jayaweera had been assaulted by the Galaha police and was in a critical condition. The man, a poor farmer, had later died. Even his wife and children were not aware of his death and they were under the impression that he was still in custody. Bodies of two unidentified youths were found burning at Boosa in the Ratgama police area on 15 March.
O THE BAN ON the transport of goats from northern Sri Lanka to Colombo imposed by the LTTE in February has been lifted from the middle of March. The conditions now stipulated for the transport of goats is the payment of Rs.500 to the LTTE for each wagon load of goats and that each load should not exceed 75 goats. An average of 10 wagon loads with approximately 750 goats were transported from northern areas to Colombo before the ban. The price of goat-meat in Colombo is expected to rise.
LTTE LEADER in the Eastern Province, S. Karikalan claimed that they had spotted a hideout of the now defunct Tamil National Army in the jungles along the banks of the Kumbakan Oya and Kumana sanctuaries. The hideout was raided by LTTE cadres and a large quantity of arms, ammunition and other related equipment were recovered, but casualty figures were not available. Karikalan added that the TNA personnel most probably had been transported in an IPKF vessel to the Hambantota coast from where they could have reached the jungles. O THE LTTE HAS requested the government to recruit Tamil youth to man the police stations proposed to be set up in the North-East Province, according to S. Karikalan. Now that the LTTE had consolidated its position in these areas, they had no objection to the setting up of police stations manned by Tamils, and the LTTE would not interfere with the functions of the police personnel, he added. O ALTHOUGH ATTENDANCE at many of Sri Lanka's universities has reached between 90 and 98 percent following their reopening after two years of disruption, it is particularly low in some of the universities located in the south where JVP activities and anti-JVP military operations produced unprecedented levels of violence, deaths and disappearances. According to a government communique, while the Colombo Medical Faculty, Sri Jayawardenepura University, Moratuwa University, and Jaffna University recorded staff and student attendance between 90 and 98 per cent, student attendance at Ruhuna (Matara) was 76 per cent and Kelaniya was 72 per cent. Staff attendance at Kelaniya was 88 per cent while it was only 40 per cent at Ruhuna (Kamburupitya). 3- ג OTHE 2000 STRONG Home Guards in Sri Lanka are to be given the opportunity of joining the island's main security services if they so wish and provided they have the requisite qualifications. O THE MINISTRY of Public Administration, Provincial Councils and Home Affairs has given directions for the filling of all vacancies in the public sector and accordingly all ministries, departments, corporations and state-sector banks and statutory boards have been directed to collect information on the exact number of presently existing vacancies. The recruitment would be strictly based on merit following examinations held for the purpose. According to the ministry sources, this would be the first time since 1961 that recruitment would take place on the basis of merit which was a departure from the practice of selecting on the recommendation of MPs and other forms of political influence. O TWO JUNIOR army officers were taken into military police custody in Hambantota for their alleged involvement in the murder of a person identified as Dingi Malli in the
Continued On Page20

Page 11
15 APR1990
The Uncertain Futi
Rita Sebastian Fron Colonbo
With the surfacing of LTTE supremo Wellupillai Prabhakaran last week, the rumour that he had been killed in a fight with deputy leader Mahattaya was finally laid to rest.
At his first press conference in Jaff. na, for the local press, Prabhakaran warned the Sri Lankan Government that if justice is denied and repression unleashed again, they would not hesitate to take up arms.
Prabhakaran was only reinforcing the thinking in the south, that the day is not far off when the Tigers and government forces will be locked in deadly battle again.
In the north however, although there isn't the euphoria that followed the signing of the July 1987 peace accord and the arrival of Indian troops in the island signalling, what seemed at the time to be the end to a bloody war that had claimed over six thousand civilian lives, there is a visible sense of relief.
The Tigers are back in control and on the surface at least some measure of normalcy has returned to the region.
The rival groups, except for EROS, blotted their copy book by having indisciplined cadres in their fold, who treated the civilian population not only
with scant respect but as expendable.
And of course there was the allegation that in collusion with the IPKF they perpetrated all manner of crimes.
When the IPKF launched its military offensive to disarm the Tigers in October 1987, they were compelled quite naturally to use rival groups, not only to identify Tiger hideouts, but also point out Tiger supporters and sympathisers.
To the Indian soldier unfamiliar with the terrain, unfamiliar with the language, and facing an invisible enemy, the battle was tough-going. For India, the IPKF's foray into Sri Lanka was a “military misadventure' in terms of both men and money.
But to the Tigers it brought them the accolade of being one of the world's toughest guerrilla fighters. Not only Prabhakaran but the rest of the Tiger leadership, as well as the rank and file, will tell you quite proudly that they faced the might of the fourth largest army in the world, and won.
But the all important question now is, whether they can make the transition from an essentially military outfit into a political party able to interact with the people at a political level, allow rival parties to co-exist, and face fair and free elections.
The LTTE leadership is quick to point out that their leadership has
functioned at both no problems of well-knit political recognised People beration Tigers (F have held meeting east, which were meetings to make What is botheri ernment however to lay down arm has on several oc criticism by opposi ing double standa mently opposed t Tamil National Al eye to the Tigers ( The Tigers of co the People's Army takes away from tl the only groups tl made no headway of arms surrender.
LTTE theoretici. singham who artic ing, makes the po ended and the Tige weapons against ri assurance he says Tamil Nadu Chief nidhi during their Rival groups how
pected to accept t
having been in the long, Besides, le: himself has describ with whom his g alliance. It is onl chosen to allow th armed and accept
General Secreta kumar sees a new which the Tigers nant role. He is Government-LTTE find a viable solu question. “You can months. It is a step What now rema entry into mainst dissolving of the l the repeal of the si: elections. State M Ranjan Wijeratine cently that Presid already had dise Attorney General c procedures to be f no desperate hur Council.
Meanwhile the EPRLF controlled Pon Ram Rajakari meeting with the E decide on their nex comalee, where the quartered, being ol with the Tigers in v

TAMIL TIMES 11
re
levels and they have
ransforming into a party under the now 's Front of the LiFLT). Already they 's in both north and mainly propaganda their presence felt. g the Colombo Govs the LTTE's refusal s. The Government casions come in for tion groups for havrds. While it vehehe EPRLF created my, it turns a blind arrying arms. urse call themselves but that in no way he fact that they are he Government has with on the question
an Dr. Anton Balaculates Tiger thinkint that the 'war is ers will not use their val groups'. It is an the leadership gave Minister Karunatalks in India.
ever cannot be exhe Tiger assurance ir firing line for so ader Prabhakaran ed them as traitors roup will have no y EROS that has emselves to be disTiger protection. y Wellupillai Balaphase emerging in will play the domioptimistic that the deliberations will tion to the ethnic not give it days or by step solution'. ins for the PFLT's eam politics is the orth-East Council, th amendment and nister for Defence, told newsmen reint Premadasa had ussions with the n the constitutional lowed, but was in y to dissolve the
Chairman of the orth-East Council, Ir, is away in India PRLF leadership to move. With TrinCouncil was headt of bounds to them rtual control, there
are moves to hold the Council meeting at some other venue before three months elapse, for otherwise the Council stands dissolved by law.
A fall-out of the EPRLF leadership abandoning the North-East Provincial Council is that, the senior secretaries of the Council, who comprise some of the ablest Tamil administrators, have been advised to keep away from Trincomalee. It is a sad commentary of our times that bureaucrats are often identified with the party in power, and fall from grace, no sooner the party in power moves out.
Although the day-to-day administration of the North-East Region is said to be functioning, the absence of a governing council must necessarily hinder proper governance. That is why the future of the North-East Provincial Council should be first priority.
Today after almost a year of deliberations, the Tigers and the Government have yet to reach agreement on the resolving of the national question. There are so many areas like colonisation and re-settlement of Sinhala refugees that are key issues that need the political will on both sides for compromise and accommodation. Only the months ahead will show whether the President’s dictum of ‘consultation, consensus and compromise', will win, over the expected 'confrontation'.
The Tigers have made it quite clear to the Government that they will accept the Provincial Council only as an administrative structure. The viable alternative to Eelam will therefore have to be a unit of administration with substantial autonomy.
Will the Colombo Government concede that to the Tigers? For it is quite obvious that in fresh elections it will be the Tigers all the way.
WARS
by Professor Kopan Mahadeva
Wars are sores in our peace-decked souls inflicted by pre-conceived goals Of lunacy in leading roles.
Wars are venomous snakes, nightmares, into which a weak nation dares Unheedful of real needs and Cares.
Wars are spores in old wormy gapes Of humane hearts which suffer rapes By men who look like mustached apes.
Wars are torture, tricks, cruelty, Sickness, hunger, pain, poverty, Wicked weapons of novelty.
Wars are such games of chance and choice Where generals are those who rejoice, With others just pawns in the maze.
Wars are deemed made to end wars all And for some other motives tall By those who shirk true human call.
Wars are safety valves sent by gods When world's population explodes And optimality erodes.

Page 12
12 TANWLTSES
The Trial of Peruma
LIGHT REFRACTIONS
by Lucian Rajakarunanayakes
Wartharajah Perumal did not arrive to a hero's reception in India. Although he had IPKF soldiers to guard him, he had to submit to an Indian Customs search, unlike his easy going days with Mr. Wijeratne, and his threats of Customs inquiries. To be sure there was a senior Customs Collector to check his baggage. "Anything to declare?'
"Nothing. I am a political refugee'. "Any undeclared ethnic baggage?" 'Well I have a copy of the resolution declaring the establishment of the National State Assembly of the Democratic Republic of Eelam”.
"Doesn't that espouse separation? We are all for unity on this side of the Palk Strait.
"Yes it does espouse a form of separation. But you don't have the Sixth Amendment, do you?”
Mr. Perumal passed the baggage check, but he was not prepared for what happened next. As he walked out of the Customs area the IPKF escort was replaced by two Indian Police Officers. They told him he was under arrest, and quickly clasped manacles on his wrists.
"On what charges?" "Illegal abrogation of contract'. 'What contract? Who is charging me? Can't I have legal assistance?"
"Don't worry Mr. Perumal. You will be given a fair trial. Your case will be heard in the special court of Political History, and you will be allowed counsel and the right to call any witness. This is still a free country, and lawyers are free to appear for any client and plead any case'.
Pleads not guilty
The Presiding Judge took his seat. The Court of Political History of Orissa was in session. The Court Crier's voice came out loud: Janatha vs Perumal of Eelam. Will the accused rise to plead. Perumal rose.
Judge: “Are you Vartharajah Perumal of Eelam?” "Yes, I am, your honour'. 'Are you a descendant of Champaka Perumal of Yapapatnam?”
"Only by princely name your honour. "Perumal of Eelam, you are charged with the illegal abrogation of contract by the people of Eelam. You are charged with having abandoned your own promise, which they accepted, of leading them to the promised land of Eelam”.
"They charge you with having instead led them to the jaws of a Tiger, when you once entered into a bond with them to keep the same Tiger at bay. Do you plead guilty or not guilty?
"Not guilty, your honour'.
Well, remember then, if you are found guilty by this court, the punishment will be in the hands of history. Till such time as history decides, you will remain a permanent exile. Do you wish to change your plea?
"No, your honour. I shall place my trust in the verdict of history. Exile is nothing new'.
Mr. Sinhabahu Pulivaliga, the special prosecutor who had been flown from Lanka rose and faced the jury. It was a special jury which comprised three Sinhalese from Sri Lanka, two citizens of Orissa to represent the original Sinhalese, one each of the later additions to the Sinhalese from Malabar and the Coromandel Coast, three Tamils from the North of Sri Lanka, one Tamil from Central Sri Lanka, two Straits Tamils from Tamilnadu, and two Moors from the East of Sri Lanka.
 
 

* 15 APRIL 1990
Nofa mere Thamileelam F. “Perumal of Eelam, did you not promise your people the goal of Eelam?”
“I did. I still offer them Eelam”.
"But you only gave them an Eelam Assembly which could not even meet?"
"That was only a last resort'. "Last resort you say. I am glad you did not say tourist resort. What pray was your original resort?'
“I wanted the real Eelam for my people. The Eelam of the ages. The Eelam that encompassed all of Ilankai or Lanka'. "But what did you give them instead. Only a fictitious assembly, not even worth the paper which carried its resolution'. Ail
"That is what it may look today. But it is a series of abrogated contracts, broken promises, unilateral abandonments, wholesale betrayals that brought us to the point of this chimera of Eelam'.
"Betrayal. Betrayal. Always echoing in the courtrooms of history. Tell me, who betrayed you?'
"Everyone, your honour. "Everyone?” "Yes, your honour. Everyone, to whom I gave my hand, held it for a while till they absorbed its warmth, and found they could manipulate things with the other hand'.
“So you shook hands with many? "Yes. I shook hands with Hanuman because he promised to help me lead my people to the real Eelam. The Eelam of national unity as against the Eelam of separation. The Eelam of Devolution as it is often called. I staked all on the Eelam of Devolution”.
Yes, yes? "Yes, I shook hands with the Lion, when hardly anyone else who stood for Eelam did so. I even raised the flag of the Lions over my den, with the troops of Hanuman looking on and cheering, while the Tigers were growling in the distance'.
"But you said you were betrayed?'
Fragile bridge
"I was, your honour. I did not realise how fragile was the bridge that Hanuman built'.
'Surely it was strong enough to bring all his troops across?'
"Yes, that was all it was meant for. I did not know that when I gave my hand to the simian chief, that Hanuman had his own game to play. That I was only a pawn, and so were my people'.
"But you gave only one hand to Hanuman. What about the other hand you gave to the Lion?"
"No, sir. I gave one hand and both my feet to Hanuman. As for the hand I gave the Lion, I now think it was better if I had chopped it off instead'.
“What? Even after you flew the flag of the Lion?” "Not only that. I almost gave my life for the Lion. I stood for election for the Provincial Den carved out by Hanuman and the Lion. I really stood in the face of the Tiger's snarling teeth, at that time'.
"But were not the armies of Hanuman round you at that time?
"Of course. That was the time Hanuman was playing the game of the Lions. His troops were at all places the Lion wanted them. It was Hanuman's troops who brought the Counting Agent and his staff to hold the count for the Provincial Den. It was Hanuman and I who got the people to line up and fill the boxes, to make the count look good at least to the journalists brought by Hanuman's PR machine. The Lion could never do that without me. The Tiger was licking its wounds'.

Page 13
15 APRIL 1990
What wounds? it doesn't appear to have been injured at all.
"The wounds caused by Hanuman's army. It was the jungle that saved the Tiger, not the people. It was the weakness and vacillation at Hanuman's capital at the time. It needed only a little more thrust into the jungle. Some aerial action. Maybe some defoliant. Who knows. But the simians balked. They were scared of world opinion. Scared of the Opposition and the Press at home. They are getting it all at Kashmir now.
"But we were talking about the Lion'.
Yes. Lions and Tigers. What a tale. What can humans do when they clash, applauded by the monkeys?
Leo - elephant
"But what else did you do for the Lion?” .
Everything. I did the political dirty work. I did it so much that my hand was nearly caught in the box. Like in the cookie jar. Only I was filling it, not stealing from it. It was in the two great contests of the Lions. I did not trust the Hand of the Lion, because they were not even for a provincial den, let alone a united Ilankai. So I took the side of the Lion that came in Elephant's clothing. I did it once. I did it again. Each time the Leo-Elephant trumpeted in victory. I believed the goal of greater Eelam was at hand. I told my people to live in hope. I was promised greater devolution.
: 'When I had doubts, Hanuman would ask me to give the Leo-Elephant a chance to settle down. Some breathing space. There were the young, angry, crazy, bloodthirsty lions roaming in the south, who also were acting as if they were betrayed. That was how the betrayal began. Hanuman pulled his punches against the Tiger, and my house began to collapse'.
"How did it collapse?" * 'w & The Lion kissed the Tiger. That was it. Even Hanuman looked on in disbelief. But it happened. The Lion kissed the armed Tiger'.
But the Tiger was the first to ask for Eelam? "That is a twisting of history. Have you forgotten C. Suntheralingam who asked for Eelam, and those beyond that'.
“Eelam is not just a decade or more old. It did not begin in 1972 or 1977. It is the age old demand for equality for my people. That is Eelam. As I said there were two Eelams on offer. One was to break away from Ilankai and carve out the North and East. That is the Thamileelam of the Tigers. The other is the greater Eelam. That does not forget our brothers in the central hills as well'.
"Are you saying that your people are now blaming you for not giving them the separate Eelam of the Tigers?"
'No, your honour. It is not as simple as the learned prosecutor puts it. The Tigers offered the separate Eelam, and killed for it. Whole villages of the Lions were eaten up, beaten out or dispersed. The Lions had no means of countering that, not for want of fire-power. But because of international opinion, which was against them, and because Hanuman was playing a double game. Hanuman encouraged the Tiger, but really stood with the Lion'.
"Can you tell this court more about Hanuman and his army?
*Yes. They never really helped. That was the truth. They did hurt the Tiger. Drove it to the jungles. The people cheered. But the monkey troops were worse than the Lions. They also could pillage, loot, burn, rape, kill, massacre.
“Everything the Lion did, they did more. And there was no one to complain to. The world remained mostly deaf, unlike when the Lion was doing it, in the fight with the Tiger. The world wanted to teach the Lion a lesson, but it was our people who suffered'.
“And you and your goal of Eelam?”
"The presence of Hanuman only made things worse. But

AMİ MES 13
what was to be done. It is just like the man who rides the Tiger, in reverse. I could not get Hanuman off my back'.
"But you raised an army?"
*Yes. Only after the Lion let the Tiger keep his weapons. What else could I do. We had given up arms.
"But you had Hanuman's protection'.
Victory for old elephant
That is not the same. So we begged of Hanuman to train an army. By that time we could not get good volunteers. The roar of the Tiger was already echoing, amplified on the air waves of the Lion. So we conscripted. Picked up boys from the streets and homes. It was a motley crowd, Indian trained, armed and uniformed. I knew there was little hope. The old Elephant had won'.
“What do you mean the old Elephant had won?”
"Of course he did. He brought Hanuman. To help solve his problem down South. He fooled Hanuman. He knew the demand would soon come for Hanuman's departure, even though it would tame the tiger till it came for talks. The new elephant soon made it his demand that Hanukman leave. My days were numbered'.
'You mean the old elephant planned on ultimately giving in to the Tiger?"
No. Not that way. He expected Hanuman to finish off the Tiger and then leave'.
"So wasn't your acceptance of Hanuman, with his earlier record of betraying the Tiger, a betrayal of Eelam'.
“As I said Ibelieved in a greater Eelam. Don’t forget that even Hanuman was first greeted with flowers, namaskarams, plantains and ash on the forehead'.
Trial is premature
“So your defence is that the betrayal is not yours. It was by Hanuman and the Lion?"
"That is not all. I think this trial is premature'.
Premature? After you abandoned all and came here. Eelam a mere scrap of paper, and the Tigers in full control over there?”
"I say I am not guilty especially when you put it that way. What do the Tigers promise? It is not Eelam, even of their own kind. In that case isn’t some Eelam, better than none. So where is my betrayal. I would be guilty of betrayal only after the Tigers abandon Eelam. That is why I would say, your honour, that this trial, even if it may be fair, it is premature'.
"I pray your honour, let us see how the Lion deals with the Tiger now. Without Hanuman, and without me and my rag-tag army. This I say is the real test. I may fade out. But this is the real struggle of history. What will the Lion concede? Is it Eelam in any form? Will the Tiger really fight again? Will the Sixth Amendment go, making this struggle for the Tiger Eelam legal? Your, Honour, the real drama is yet to begin. What we had all these years was only the prelude. Bloody no doubt. A prelude of betrayals. I see no end to the suffering of Greater Ilankai'.
"Until the court decides on your comment about this trial being premature, can you enlighten us about your people's presence here in Orissa?”
"That is only a replay of history. I have come back to where, according to many readings of history, the first Lions went from to Ilankai or Lanka. What their leader Vijaya did to the native princess who gave him her kingdom, stands out as being among the greatest betrayals in history. He sent her and her two children from him into the jungle, and took a bride from Jambudeepa. The story of betrayal began there. The curse of Kuveni also began there...'.
The presiding judge then announced that in view of the point raised by the accused, it was time for a long adjournment. The court would resume after news of the Sixth Amendment, he said.

Page 14
14 TAMITMES
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Page 15
5 APRIL 1990
Excerpts from a 90 minute conversation with Gopalaswamy Mahendirajah better known as "Mahattaya, the deputy leader of the LTTE, and a guerrilla commander regarded by IPKF top brass as a military target quite as important as LTTE Supremo Velupillai Prabhakaran himself. Mahattaya was flanked by Dr. Anton Balasingham, the party ideologue, who did most of the interpretation for Mahattaya, and by (Yogaratnam) Dilip Yogi, General Secretary of the PFLT, the Tigers' political wing recently registered as a party.
Mervyn de Silva
(Q) As I told you, my main interest is to take a look at the IPKF peacekeeping operation, which is now being шоипd-ир. Indian troорs have been part of an international (UN) peacekeeping force in many countries (Korea, Gaza, Congo, Cyprus etc) but this is India's first exercise on this scale all on its own. I realise of course the complex nature of your armed struggle, in the sense that it is both political and military at the same time...but right now the focus of my interest is the Indian military intervention, albeit on the invitation of the Sri Lankan President and on the basis of a hurriedly drafted Accord, and how it has failed, and why.
(A) You are right, the totality of this problem, the political-military situation has to be studied. And let me say right away, it is only after this Indian war' that we have learnt the art of war, although our fighters did very well against the Sri Lankan army...you see we had to start all over again...the so-called 'peace' didn't last too long, did it? So one day the word was spread that we were to begin fighting again, this time against the Indian army, and believe me, if you were there, you would have been amazed or amused. Suddenly somebody shouts "the war' had started, and the 'boys' cycle away at a frantic speed or drop their bikes on the road and run...they go to the places where they had hidden their weapons. It really was quite a shock to them, though we the leaders knew the Indian game...when I look back anyway and remember the sight of those boys 17 or 20 years old, getting off their bikes, screaming and shouting, and running in search of their hidden guns, I can laugh.
(Q) What did you mean when you said just nouv about knouving ‘the Indian game'...that's the phrase you used. . .
(A) Well, we had information that R.A.W. was training several hundred, maybe even a thousand or so, cadres of the ENDLF, which of course was against us, the LTTE...very much opposed to us...we had reports that
large batches were being brought from
South India and Vavuniya, Mann ticaloa and so c meantime talkin handing over we was ofcourse forn
Gopalaswamy Mah leader of PFLT, Dep
(Q) I thought th uvas the suicide of. were in custody af. transporting illeg JR has recently st advisers more or l ask the Indians to the Sri Lankan au
(A) As far as we were in Indian c stage the Sri Lank never have order thing...In any ca tion showed Indi s. . .to put the “qui represent the Tam
(Q) Why shoula n...after all you u operate openly fro,
(A) They could r OIl US. . .WE WE . . .Prabhakaran : fighters, would ise...the others w, game. ...We were nor self-seeking po
(Q) May I retu question. . .the uva "The Indian War after the IPKF cc learnt the art of wa duvell on that since
 
 

TAMIL TIMES 15
NIDIANWAR
As we went along, the formal interview became more and more a free and frank exchange.
Passages and comments which I understood to be confidences have been excluded, although only at one or two points in our discussion did Mahattaya himself say explicitly that the remarks were off-the-record. However 1 have decided to keep out also some references to highly placed indian and Sri Lankan personalities, references made in a lighter vein - and to facts' which can be regarded as sensitive from a security point of view, at the present time.
were moving into ur, Killinochchi, Batn. We were in the to the Indians and apons. . .the ENDLF ed in India by RAW.
::
endirajah (Mahattaya) ity Leader of LTTE
at the turning point some 16 "Tigers' who er being arrested for all arms. President aid that his security 2ss compelled him to hand them over to thorities...? were concerned they ustody, and at that a government could 'd India to do anyse, R.A.W.'s operaa's real intentionslings' into place to il cause. . .
India let you dowere the first group to in Madras...? ever completely rely too independentund we, the LTTE never compromould play the Indian never opportunists liticians. on to my principal "...what you called . you said it uvas me that you really "...could you please my main interest is
the IPKF and its evident military failure. . . though I am only an armchair expert I regard what you call your Indian war a topic of absorbing interest to any student of guerrilla warfare, ethnic insurgencies, the challenges to a conventional army, the problems that face interventionist armies and so on. In short, how did the world's fourth largest army fail?
(A) That last question can be answered rightaway. You will agree that their main target was Prabhakaran, to capture him, and along with that Jaffna. Well, you may not believe this story but I'll relate it anyway. Jaffna, which they expected to take in a few days, took the IPKF more than a month. In those weeks, we took some prisoners... we interrogated them... evidently the IPKF believed that Prabhakaran was still somewhere in Jaffna or thereabouts, in any case, the orders they were given were very interesting... Once they picked up some intelligence on Prabhakaran's whereabouts, they were to attack in force, accepting any number of casualties, kill the 25 "Tigers' who guarded Prabhakaran, and take our leader prisoner. They did not know that this was not possible...the whole world knew it. . . it is impossible to take Prabhakaran or any of us alive. . . because we have chosen death. . . death rather than capture. . . now if they didn't know that how can they fight us...?
(Q) In other words, motivation. . . .
(A) Yes but more than that . . . our resistance, our capacity to resist. . . the will of the 'tigers'. . . and of course of the people...
(Q) Surely you cannot deny what we all saw... the people of Jaffna in the streets, cheering... smiling. . . greeting the IPKF. . .
(A) True... that's true...but for how long...? When they couldn't take effective control of Jaffna in the 3 or 4 days they had expected then the Indian attitude changed... getting more and more nasty. . . towards the people, who wouldn't cooperate, who wouldn't give them information, who wouldn't betray us... slowly, the people became hostile. ... the IPKF in turn turned hostile and brutal. . . What was the result... reprisals and atrocities. . .

Page 16
16 TAM TIMES
these things have been documented, not only by Tamil organisations but International agencies... the people saw no difference between the so-called saviours from India and the Sri Lankan forces... the people had an illusion... the illusion ended... the struggle against the 'occupying army' became a popular struggle... the links between the LTTE and the people were strengthened. . . new links were forged.
(Q) So, how would you sum up the mistakes of the IPKF from a purely military point of view?
(A) Before the Accord' you know very well that the only effective guerrilla group here was the LTTE. But the LTTE, those in Delhi knew, was NOT for India, NOT for following orders from India. So RAW built up other groups against the LTTE. Secondly, this became Indian Policy the main plank of Indian policy, when the LTTE rejected the Accord. The links between these "quisling groups and the IPKF grew stronger and stronger; as these grew stronger, these pro-Indian 'stooge' groups were more and more alienated from the people, while the bonds between the LTTE and the people grew firmer, stronger.
From a military point of view, really from a political-military angle, the IPKF underestimated the resistance capacity and will of the LTTE, and its links with the people. In the 2/2 year war, the unity of the people was strengthened and the bonds between the LTTE and the people were strengthened also... that is the achievement, shall I say, of the IPKF.
(Q) Considering the vast, and varied experience of the Indian military and para-military or counter-insurgency units, it is difficult to understand such
a psychology... any
(A) Maybe becaus ign' people in a coun
(Q) Or big power (A) That also. . . country, small islan group, boys on bicyc (Q) Psychologicall or Afghanistan...?
(A) There was no the people. Jaffna wa 'war zone'. . . th approach. . . militar erybody is an enemy. understand that wau war on the Tamil pe (Q) Didn't the IP Hearts and Minds' e (A) There was absc at what one may ca how could the IPKF International, I th casualties at about first phase of the bat
TULF Leaders As They Were
IPKF underestimat tion, discipline, and
(Q) What finally u the impact of this u costly in human, ma
(A) Their common ited the people and bonds between the masses. This will be our society. Also, ca have broken down." in the reconstructi need is peace.
(Q) In that case, and fair polls and politics.
Continued From Page 9
LTTE leader had sent him an invitation to see for himself how Tamils had suffered at the hands of the IPKF and said that the LTTE leader had sent him photographs of crimes committed by the Indian troops in Sri Lanka.
When he was asked what he would be discussing with Mr. Prabhakaran, Mr. Mann had said, "We will be discussing redrafting of the Constitution of India and the rights of the Tamils and Sikhs.
Meanwhile, the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, M. Karunanidhi, told the State Assembly that the police had been instructed to take action against Mr. Nagai Mugan as he had reportedly remarked that both Sikhs and Tamils were warrior races and opposed Hindu fascism.
RAJIV GA ASSAILAN
Vijitha Wijayamuni an ex-naval rating,
six-year term of 1 ment at Welikade pl the former Indian jiv Gandhi with a r April following a granting him pardo
Rajiv Gandhi wa jayamuni on 30 Ji Indian Prime Mini a Guard of Honour ing the signing of Agreement. Mr. G partially avoided th have been fatal. ' found guilty and se Martial conducted for attempted hom from the Navy. A attack, Rohana wal attached to the Sr

5 AP 90
оттепts?
this was a 'forery not theirs. . .
»mplex. ...? Big Army, Big l, small guerrilla
2S. . . , India's Vietnam
ffort to win over s converted into a usual, army
ΖΟΠΘ ΠΠΘ8IS ΘVThe IPKF did not
on LTTE meant ple. KF attempt any cercises ?
lutely no attempt ll propaganda... ? Even Amnesty nk, put civilian 2,000 in the very le for Jaffna. The
: Were Killed Traitors”
2d LTTE motivamass base. Jould you say was ar, so tragic and terial-terms?
sufferinghasunstrengthened the LTTE and the vital in re-building aste-class barriers This also will help on effort. All we
tou can allow free open тиlti-party
(A) We're opposed to a one-party system. We are for pluralism.
(Q) Before I conclude, let me turn to politics in Colombo. You are negotiating very seriously with President Premadasa, Mr. Hameed etc. as well as the President's security advisers. Is the only basis for a convergence of interest, the mutual desire to internalise the issue.
(A) We are both against foreign occupation armies. This is the common ground. We are both patriots. And this may have helped to build up the trust that has allowed us to negotiate seriously.
(Q) If you stand for a multi-party system, uvhy did your men kill Amirthalingam and other TULF leaders.
(A) They were not killed because they held views different from the LTTE but probably because they were acting as agents of India, in short traitors, collaborators. In the battleground the LTTE kills those who betray the cause... in a national liberation struggle, the battle is everywhere, the traitor anywhere. . .
(Q) You say you'll permit free expression of political opinion, and your economic policy, if my impressions are correct, will be marked by the austerity that accompanies reconstruction, scarce resources mass hardship and suffering. I suppose you have anticipated my last question, the surrender of arms...what have you to say about that?
(A) Why do you use the word 'surrender’? The only question about arms is who uses it and for what purpose. We need arms just like your police here in the south need arms. There uvill have to be law and order, and of course security for the people. (Courtesy of Lanka Guardian 15.3.90)
NDHI’S T FREED
Rohana de Silva, who was serving a igorous imprisonison forassaulting 'rime Minister Raifle was freed on 3 presidential decree
.
is attacked by Wily 1987 when the ster was inspecting in Colombo followhe Indo-Sri Lanka andhi ducked and e blow which might The assailant was ntenced by a Court oy a military court cide and dismissed t the time of the a radio technician Lanka Navy and
was among those hand-picked to provide the Guard of Honour to the then Indian Prime Minister. It was widely noted that Rohana was closely connected with the JVP and it was on a directive of the JVP that he carried out the attack.
The Commissioner of Prisons said that over 800 prisoners including Wijayamuni who were serving various prison terms were released under a special pardon granted by President Premadasa.
The Indian High Commissioner in Sri Lanka, L.L. Mehrotra, said that he was "perplexed' and 'unhappy' over the release of Rajiv Gandhi's assailant. Acknowledging that it was President Premadasa’s prerogative to grant amnesty to prisoners and that it was an internal matter for Sri Lanka, Mr. Mehrotra said, “I cannot but feel unhappy, however, at the premature release of a prisoner who gave almost a fatal blow to the former Prime Minister of India'. A.

Page 17
15 APRIL 1990
SIMPLE SIMONS
PERMIT me to express my opinion on the two letters of S. Sivasegaram which appeared in the Sept. 89 and Feb. 90 issues of the Tamil Times. I am continuously amused by the recurrent sniping of Ivory Tower intellectuals like Sivasegaram on everyone (Amirthalingam, Indira Gandhi, Karunanidhi and LTTE leadership) with whom Tamils of India and Sri Lanka had bestowed their trust due to the leadership qualities shown in the arenas of politics and battlefield. It reminds me of the nursery rhyme we learnt a long time ago.
Simple Simon met a pieman
going to the fair; Says Simple Simon to the pieman
let me taste your ware. Says the pieman to Simple Simon,
show me first your penny; Says Simple Simon to the pieman
indeed I have not any. For the past 25 years or so, intellectuals like Sivasegaram have been behaving like the Simple Simons, who were interested only in tasting the pies without paying for them. Leadership qualities and decision-making talents do not come canned so that anyone can buy them in supermarket for a pound or a dollar. Leaders (such as Indira Gandhi, Amirthalingam, MGR., Karunanidhi and Prabhakaran) who did gain the trust and support of Tamils achieved them in the old-fashioned way, unlike Alfred Duraiappah, for whose deeds Sivasegaram has shed Some tears.
Sivasegaram's comparison of the situations which led to the violent deaths of S.W.R.D. Bandaranaike (in 1959) and Alfred Duraiappah (in 1975) was misleading too. Bandaranaike was the Prime Minister of the island when he was assassinated while Duraiappah was not even an M.P. at the time of his killing. In 1959, Bandaranaike commanded the popular support of his constituency, while in 1975 Duraiappah was popularly known only as a dispenser of (SLFP) political patronage and had lost his popular support among his constituents. Bandaranaike's murder was not a politically motivated one. He was not killed by a group which had supported him politically. Though I do not condone the way either Bandaranaike or Duraiappah were put to death, I felt that the differences between these two murders should be brought out.
I am also not saying that all the decisions made by the leaders admired by the Tamils (but criticised by Sivasegaram) are faultless. But that should not blind our analysis in assessing the events to which these leaders'
contributions hav
highlighting the Sivanayagam's (J article should be in that context, ra ly harping on the leadership, wheth LTTE.
Hasn't the leac Trotsky, Stalin, ) Deng) whom Si committed any g many millions of their intolerance Why Sivasegara this? Assuming t older than the ership, one wou whether can he events (during t which he had exe qualities which s by the Tamils?
Philadelphia, USA.
“THE OTHER STORY
Your corresponde of London SW20 r film title - "Nayar May I in turn ( saying: "Even if yo there will be two thank him and y dent Mr. S. Antho for presenting th story.
Let me deal with Mr. Sivasegaram not wholly right w "tiger' in singular animal and its plu to the LTTE, 'at Tamils of Sri La Firstly, (living in is certainly not ea - there are milli Tamil Nadu today “pulli', whether in more readily bring lai puli” than th animal, which o might have seen a in Madras Seco Tamil Eelam ha acceptance in the icography of the ( fact which I h Sivasegaram nor would hold agains to the Oxford Pa (New Expanded E. which includes 4,0 tries, and which de
tiger. (n) a large cat family with stripes.
Tigers. (pl. n.) A nization in Sri L pendence for their
 

TAM TIMES 17
e been significant in plight of Tamils. S. an. 90 Tamil Times) read and understood ther than persistentweakness of Tamil er it is FP, TULFor
ters (such as Lenin, Khrushev, Mao and vasegaram admires reat blunders? Houw lives were lost due to
of opposing views? n doesn't think of hat Sivasegaram is present LTTE leadld like to request,
list at least three he past decade) in rcised his leadership hould be recognized
Sachi Sri Kantha
SIDE OF THE
nt Mr. Sivasegaram recalled the Malayan
• Pudicha Puli Valu”. Juote a Malayalam ou beat your mother, sides to the story'. I pur other corresponnipillai of Colombo 3 e other side of the
London SW20 first. is partly right but hen he says the word brings to mind the ral invariably refers least as far as the nka are concerned”. Thatcher's London it sy to grasp that fact) bns more Tamils in to whom the word singular or plural, gs to mind 'Viduthae noble four-footed nly some of them at the Vandalur Zoo hdly, the Tigers of ve already gained 2 international lexQueen's English - a ope neither Mr. Mr. Anthonipillai t me. I am referring perback Dictionary dition, Reprint 1989) 00 encyclopaedic enlfines the tiger thus:- Asian animal of the yellow and black
Tamil military orgaanka seeking inde
community.
So it is no longer a question of 'as far as the Tamils of Sri Lanka are concerned'. Both history and lexicography are, I'm afraid, leaving Mr. Sivasegaram far behind.
Mr. Sivasegaram says that I seemed to have “ignored the fact that the fascists of Germany (and for that matter al European fascists) started as underdogs and fought their way to power. Their style was based on intolerance...'I am not prepared to yield to Mr. Sivasegaram in our common intolerance of fascism, but how careless of him that he has ignored communists and revolutionaries who fought their way to power no differently. All revolutions spring from an intolerance of the existing order (and so do liberation struggles), and are born of violence and bloodshed. History has recorded what a tremendous event the Russian Revolution of 1917 was, but how many now talk of the Red Terror that accompanied it. Even when it paved the way for a democratic assembly, it soon smashed up all tolerance of democracy. Lenin himself saw to it; and in consequence the Bolsheviks have sat on the saddle of unquestioned power for 72 years. If Ceausescu was accepted as a good communist by fellow-travellers of Communism for 24 years, they had to live those 24 years to realise what a rotten fascist he really was. The winds of change are now bringing new definitions, new perspectives, new judgements on what have preceded us over the past several decades; so it would be prudent for Mr. Sivasegaram to hold his fire and desist from attaching quick labels at a time when the situation in his home country is yet evolving; and evolving, let him not forget, towards Peace.
When he says:- "It is interesting that the killing of innocent civilians by the armed forces of the government of President Premadasa does not attract any comment in the article...', he had failed to note what my article was all about. If he looks back he will see the title "THE TAMIL STRUGGLE...'. It was not meant to be an article on the Sinhala struggle or Human Rights violations. If my article attracted comment on ex-President Jayewardene, it was because that man was directly responsible for the killing of at least 10,000 innocent Tamil civilians during his 11-year rule, and indirectly responsible for the killing of a few more thousands by getting the Indian Army to do it for him. That had everything to do with the Tamil struggle. How many thousands of innocent Tamil civilians have President Premadasa's armed forces killed during his over one-year rule? Can Mr. Sivasegaram supply the figures? Can he get Amnesty International or International Alert to provide them? As the Tamil expression goes, he should not confuse the issue by mixing the goats with the bulls.
Continued On Page 19

Page 18
18 TAMIL TIMES
ARLANKA
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Ponnambalam Sangarappilai - An Appreciation
Nearly three score and seventeen years ago, to be exact on the 15th of December 1913, in the hamlet of Maviddapuram, under the shadow of the Kandasamy temple, Ponnambalam Sangarappillai was born not with the silver spoon but with the 'soolam' in his mouth" - which accounted for his brilliance in studies. Bagging the initial degree - B.A., while under 21, within the next six years he had collected about everything the London University could offer — B. Sc.. (Econ), B.Com., M.Sc. (Econ)- all of them Cum Laude - not to mention the ancillary ones like the Associate Member of The Institute of Transport. The subjects he offered - Sanskrit for B.A., Banking and Currency for B.Sc., Transport for B.Com., were as diverse as his talents. From Sanskrit, Economics, Trade and Transport to Astrology, Religion and Philosophy was but a hop, step and jump to him.
Within a year he was finished' and was astride all astrological data, permutations and calculations and came out with his classic text book 'Kalyana Portuham' - a must for all practictioners of the art - a do it yourself guide. Though astrology is mainly the art of foretelling what the stars have for others, Sangarappillai knew what was in store for him too. He was aware of his impending demise and had written to me and his daughters in Australia that in the event he escapes his 'Thalthu' he would make it to Australia next
year. -
Never a Friday vegetarian temple, going man or a holy ash sandalwood paste plas
tered exhibitionist, he w knew what his religion v interpretation of Saivai Sithantham' ranks amo
Very few knew that volley-ball player in his Ceylon volley-ball ref though his school coulc picked up the finer poi and was seen at all b matches in Colombo. U.S.A. in 1983, he g American football SO W any professional CoaC tackle. With his ubiqu which he had to give u illness - he had one m Bridge.
Long before Prabha freedom fighters ha beaches of V. V.T., San the first of the very few who chose the non-vio their promising career service, as a protest edict. To do ethirneec, the rising tide of Sinha and seven school goin contribution to the caus of the Tamil race. Later Economic books into 7 vast horde of Tamil Aquinas and Technic intricate theories of Key and consummate skill.
 
 

SAPRIL 1990
LON DON M|2|KAN DAR ADI'a aNAM
RUST (CHARY No. 293 (007
BOOKS ON
TAMIL CULTURE, AND SAVITE HINDUSM By K. Gnanasoorian, M.Sc., M.B.I.M.
(Now, Swami Siva-Nandhi)
Books in English
1. Introduction to Tamil Culture
Second Edition, January 1984 (Price:E10)
2. A Date With Destiny.
on Saiva Siddhanta Philosphy, 1980 (Price:£10)
3. Introduction to Saivite Hinduism A Primer for beginners, 1982 (Price:E5)
4. ஆ Life
induism, October 1985 (Price:E10)
in Saivite
5. Thiruk-Kural
Selected Translations. 1976 (Price:E5) 6. What is Saiva Siddhanta?
1986. (Price:E5)
7. Perilya Purana Pushpaanjali
1988 (Price:E10)
8. Sarvam Sivamayam
an Outline of Saivism 1989 (Price:5)
9. Anchaa Nencham
On Literature. 1980 (Price:E10)
10. Thanilaa Viliththelu Essays, 1981 (Price: £10)
11. Viduthalaiyum Veetuperum on Thiruvacagan. 1984 (Price: E10)
For Postಣ್ಣ and Packing please add 15% of COST rders with cheques payable to:-
72 King Edward Road, fondon E17 (U.K.)
as a good Hindu who (as all about. His lucid sm in his book 'Saiva ng the best.
he was a first Class days and later an all bree to boot. Even not afford Cricket, he nts of the game later g school and league After migrating to the athered nuances of ell, that he could give a tip or two on a itous Jaffna cigar - ) in the States due to prepassion - playing
karan and his ilk of i surfaced on the arappillai was among elf-respecting Tamils 2nt way ofjettisoning in the government against Sinhala only al" and swim against a racism, with a wife kids was his humble of self determination he translated English amil and initiated the educated youth at | Colleges into the tes with his kind, witty
Books in Tamil
L.M.A. TRUST
Ponnampalam Sangarappillai, former Chief Executive, Ceylon National Chamber of industries, Director – C.T.B., Deputy CommisSioner of Motor Traffic, Lecturer - Aquinas and Technical Colleges, President - Colombo Tamil Sangam, leaves behind his wife Manonmani, five sons - Drs. Chandra Mohan, Asokan, Nagendran, Manoharan and Mahendran (accountant) all of U.S.A., two daughters and a host of relatives, friends and old students to bemoan his loss and live with his memory. " May he obtain the much coveted, ultimateMoksha - the subject of his swan song in his posthumous book offering to the great Tamil race - "life after death.
C.K. Jeyeratnam
PHILDMIN & H.
SOLCTORS For All Legal Services
And Conveyancing Legal Aid Work Undertaken
109 Bell Street, Marylebone,
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Mariampillai Philomin LL.B, MBIM

Page 19
15 APRIL 1990
Continued From Page 17
As for the rest of his arguments Mr. Sivasegaram was merely drawing several red herrings - by charging me with not writing about matters which had no relevance to my article. But now that he had raised them, and if that would satisfy him, may I say that I agree substantially with many things he has said: about the cynical use of the Tamil National question by Indian politicians (of which, unlike him, I had almost a ringside view for six-and-a- half years now); about intolerance among 'some' of the liberation organisations (but why 'some', he should have said all, otherwise why should so many of them have sprung up on a mutual murder spree?): about Dr. Rajini Thiranagama's killing (what made him imagine that I condone it? Did I even mention Mr. Kanthasamy's killing in my article, a man whose ‘contribution to the Tamil community' would have been as "invaluable'?). It is unfortunate that Mr. Sivasegaram has indulged in an exercise that some clever lawyers with weak briefs do in courts - ascribe or suggest imagined positions to the opponent and then happily go on demolishing them, thereby impressing their clients that they had scored several legal points
Your other correspondent Mr. S. Anthonipillai who reacted so speedily to my article from Colombo 3, has my sympathy. I can even forgive him that little extravagant misquote about the "Devil quoting Scripture to justify its devilish acts', because he sounds like a person who has his heart in the right place; it is his head that seems to be letting him down. If one is genuinely concerned about basic human rights and values' - a very vast subject which
as I said was not v my article — on question in a tot should not, as Mr.
choose a few alleg of the wrongly assa arguments or prej a whole vista of v. least one million east fell victims d years. That would whole camel and gnats. Instead of rampage against C he should do some the ground situati the northeast thes see the whole issu violations in prop him?
(1) Killings are violations. There covered by the U of Human Righ General Assembly tions on December two International
(2) Even accepti his argument (wh tial terrifying pict — “LTTE has kille cipals, Governmen ernment Agents, teachers, Underg public figures' - (h lege Principals, Go he estimate to 1,000? 500? 100?), 10,000 other inno within his range were those killers want to portray thi of them absolutely more favourable li the LTTE?
LTTE LEADERs To BE QUI ON MURDER OF TULF LEA
- Ramjan Wijeratne
The LTTE leaders would be questioned in regard to the murders of the TULF leaders, A. Amirthalingam and V. Yogeswaran, in July last year, State Minister for Defence and Cabinet Spokesman Ranjan Wijeratne told a press conference in Colombo on 5 April in answering questions from mediamen following the public admission of responsibility by the Deputy Leader of the LTTE for the killings.
G. Mahendirarajah (Mahathaya), the leader of the Peoples Front of Liberation Tigers (political wing of the LTTE), in a recent interview with the Editor of the Lanka Guardian' in answer to the question: 'If you stand for a multi-party system, why did your men kill Amirthalingam and other TULF leaders?', replied: "They were not killed because they held views different from the LTTE but probably because they were acting as agents of India, in short traitors, collaborators.
In the battlegrou those who betray national liberation is everywhere, where...'.
The Sri Lankam 6 April carried th regard to the Miı
ECE:
Addressing the briefing at the C. ombo, the Minis could not exist tw country. If the I admits that they thalingam and Yo have to be interr and the laws of take its own cours "Mr Wijeratnes bringing to the no the queries made press reports qui having killed the When told that e

TAMILTIMES 19
vithin the purview of e has to view the al perspective. One A has done, pick and 2d killings (and some umed) that suit one's udices, and leave out iolations to which at Tamils in the northuring the past three be like swallowing a
straining at a few going on a moral one particular group, more homework on on that prevailed in e past few years and le of Human Rights portion. May I help
the extreme form of are dozens of others niversal Declaration ts adopted by the y of the United Na10, 1948, and by the Covenants of 1966.
ng for the purpose of ich I don't) the parure that he presents l MPs, College Prinat Agents, Asst. GovDROs, University raduates and other how many MPs, Col}vt. Agents etẽ. does nave been killed – don't the killings of cent civilians Come of vision? And who ? And why does he e other groups, some 7 undisciplined, in a ght, by singling out
(3) Mr. A. must also not imagine that only MPs, College Principals etc. are entitled to life and liberty. Does not his heart that beats for them (who were at least in a position to choose their own fate) not bleed for the thousands of his fellow Tamils - nameless, faceless, defenceless men and women, who were not involved in politics, or in the exercise of power and authority, whose names do not appear in newspapers (only statistics for the sake of record) whose lives were plucked away for no fault of theirs, whose property was snatched away, who were denied freedom of movement, deprived of their livelihood, subjected to arbitrary search and torture, robbery and plunder, abuse and humiliation, made refugees in their own soil, not to mention rapes and molestations - does Mr. A. think that Human Rights violations mean the killing of MPs? If Mr. A. wants to bring in the Human Rights argument and not a political one, then he must at least pay heed to the words of the UN Declaration:- “All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights'.
Mr. Anthonipillai was kind enough to refer to my editorship of the SATURDAY REVIEW and my contribution in the Kandasamy Commemoration volume. If he remembers my concluding words in that article where I quoted the words of poet Donne – "Every man's death diminishes me', then he would understand why I think Human Rights violations have to be seen from the human point of view - and not politicised; for or against any one political or militant group. Madras Tamil Nadu
S. Sivanayagam
IZZBD ADERS
nd, the LTTE kills the cause...in a struggle, the battle
the traitor any
daily. "The Island' of e following report in nister's press confer
weekly cabinet news abinet Office in Colter said that there so sets of laws in the TTE in actual fact killed Messrs. Amirogeswaran, they will ogated by the police the land allowed to
Se. aid that he would be tice of the President by the media about oting the LTTE as two TULF leaders. ven “The Island’ car
ried a report where LTTE's Mahathaya' had admitted that his movement was behind the two slayings, the Minister replied, Those were news reports. They (the LTTE) could deny having made such statements. We must first find out whether they actually made such statements and if so, the police will have to question them. We will have to take cognisance of those reports and make inquiries.
'O. But the LTTE had so far not denied having made those statements to the Press? A: We will see. If they admit having plotted and killed Messrs. Amirthalingam and Yogeswaran, we will have to question them. In fact one Mariyadas had been arrested by the police in connection with those two killings. Available evidence does not indicate that the LTTE was behind the slayings. I have seen those reports. Anyway there is more to it than meets the eye. The LTTE, according to press reports claim they were responsible,
Continued On Page 21

Page 20
20 TAMIL TIMES
Continued From Page 10
Ambalantota area. Three more soldiers had also been arrested for their alleged involvement in a rape case in Aranayake. A few weeks earlier five army personnel, including a Non-Commissioned Officer, were taken into custody in connection with the murder of a Provincial Council Member's brother. OE, RATNASABAPATHY, the founder leader of EROS and one of the EDF (political wing of EROS) MPs in the Jaffna district has resigned his position as a Member of Parliament "for personal reasons'. The Speaker made the announcement in Parliament on 20 March. OTHE IPKF WITHDREW its last contingent of soldiers from the north on 20 March thus ending a thirty-two month military presence in the Jaffna Peninsula. About one thousand soldiers left Kankesanturai as Sri Lankan soldiers presented a guard-of-honour to the General Officer Commanding (GOC) the IPKF, Lt.General A.S. Kalkat and the departing contingent. Sri Lankan Army Commander
Lt.General Hamilton Wanasinghe was also present.
FAREWELL TO THE IPKF
The Indian High Commissioner in Sri Lanka, Mr. L. L. Mehrotra speaking at Trincomalee on the occasion of the IPKF departure said: "A time when a fratricidal war had reduced peace in this land to ashes and the very unity and territorial integrity of Sri Lanka, our friendly neighbour, was in peril. It was in a moment of such grave crisis that the Sri Lankan Head of State, in his sovereignty, decided to invite the Indian Peace Keeping Force.
"It's tenure was to be short and its task simple since all the militant groups had agreed to surrender arms and to keep the Sri Lankan unity intact. Our troops came to Sri Lanka to implement the Indo-Sri Lanka Agreement of 1987, to end the ethnic strife in Sri Lanka and their despatch underlined India's firm commitment to the unity and integrity of Sri Lanka.
"As one of the groups went back on its promises and quite an unexpected war was thrust on the IPKF, it carried out the task of maintaining peace and keeping Sri Lanka whole with unflinching dedication.
"In the process it lost more than a thousand lives. Despite the war it was commonly acknowledged that the North Eastern Province with the IPKF in charge of law and order responsibilities was most of the time the most peaceful part of Sri Lanka.
"The Indian Peace Keeping Force leaves Sri Lanka with a sense of fulfilment. All the elements in conflict have turned away from war to the negotiating table seeking peaceful and democratic solutions within a united Sri Lanka.
"A new province has come into being in the North East of Sri Lanka acknowledged as the traditional habitation of its Tamil speaking people. Tamil has been accepted as one of the
official languages of both provincial and have taken place in ( guaranteed by the II ing Force.
"The Government
Frontline: What, its stay of 32 mont. Lt. Gen. A.S. K. maintained and acc towards Sri Lanka the minority Tamil contribution to uph (1) We have mac creation of an inde demand and we ha (2) We prevente military solution (t
We have a situat
satisfied that the L
at the same time th Government regar Now, what we h operations are:
(1) Out of all the swore their allegia the political proces further operations of Sri Lanka.
(2) For the first t elected Tamil Gove (3) The merger recognised and co province im Sri Lar (4) The Governm it have signalled to the world as a pla Asian region. We that India's involve stability in the reg (5) The 13th ame and the rights of Eastern Province official language of
Today there is a in the totality of th in it.

15 APRIL 1990
O 1500 TAMIL YOUTH from the plantation areas would be recruited into the National Police Force, according to the State Minister for Transport, Mr. M.S. Sellasamy. They would be appointed to police stations in the central hill country. Mr. Sellasamy also said that 96 grama sevakas (village headmen) would also be recruited shortly from the plantation sector.
O ALL GOVERNMENT employees attached to Trincomalee Kachcheri (Government Agent's Office) who had kept away from work from April last year reported for work as from 26 March. More than 100 Tamil police constables have been posted for duty in Trincomalee, according to T.E. Anandarajah, Deputy Inspector General of Police for the North-East. A special arrangement is to be introduced by the Ministry of Home Affairs in the districts of Batticaloa, Trincomalee, Vavuniya, Mannar, Puttalum and Pollonnaruwa with immediate effect appointing Tamil speaking Åဇုးant Government Agents alongside Sinhala speaking
GAs.
the country, and the press of Sri Lanka have all expressnational elections ed their appreciation for the achieve'onditions of peace ments of the IPKF. It is our fond hope dian Peace Keep- that the IPKF's legacy of peace will last and that the crimson of the morn, the people and Continued On Page 21
Kalkat interview
in your estimate, are the achievements of the IPKF, during hs in Sri Lanka? alkat: I think the biggest achievement is that we have omplished the objectives of the Government of India's policy which is to have a friendly and united Sri Lanka in which issue is resolved politically to ensure the Tamils' rights. Our olding India's policy has been in the following: le sure that Sri Lanka remains united, by preventing the pendent Eelam state which was the LTTE's irreconcilable d to fight (it) to prevent this from happening: d the continuation of the Sri Lankan policy of seeking a the Tamil problem) on which it had embarked since 1983. ion today where the Sri Lankan Government itself is fully TTE poses no threat of breaking away from Sri Lanka and e LTTE is saying that it fears no threat from the Sri Lankan ling its safety, security and rights. ave achieved specifically as a consequence of the IPKF's
militant groups, four gave up their demand for Eelam and ce to the Constitution and integrity of Sri Lanka and joined s in September, 1988. The remaining one, the LTTE, after by the IPKF, has reconciled to and accepted the sovereignty
ime in the history of modern Sri Lanka, a legally and duly rnment was established in the Tamil province. of the North and East (traditional Tamil homelands) was hcretised constitutionally as a single Tamil-predominant ka. 2nt's decision to send in the IPKF and the sacrifices made by any outside power who may have designs to use this part of field India's concern for peace and stability of the South ave spent money and made sacrifices and the message is ment, exclusive to all parties in the region, is for peace and
O. V ndment to the Sri Lankan Constitution became legitimised the Tamils to administer the Tamil-predominant Northvere legitimised. Tamil was also recognised as the second Sri Lanka. ealisation that the minority Tamils are an important factor Sri Lankan polity and that they have a useful role to play
(Frontline, March 31-April 13, 1990)

Page 21
15 APRIL 1990
Festival of Music & Dance
Smt Pathmini Gunaseelan of Narthana Kalalaya, a carnatic vocalist an
who gained her skills under the tutelage of Padmasri Adyar K. La Kalanithi M. Thiagarajan and Smt Kalaivani Indrakumar of Natha Vidy and a violinist of repute, well known to audiences in U.K. have lit presenting a festival of music and dance which includes the Dance-D Sita', at the Camden Centre, Bidborough Street, London WC1. Tickets É9.00. Or iCKelS and information Tel: 01-968 7816 & 01-509 263
FORTHCOMING EVENTS May 6 1.30 p.m. Mass to celebrate the Festival of Patron Saints at Westminster Cathedral, Victoria Street, London SW1. 3.30 p.m. Cultural Programme in Cathedral Hall. For details. Tel: 0712222895. May 12 7 p.m. to midnight Chundikuli- St. John's Past Pupils' U.K. Association Dinner/ Disco in aid oi St. John's Building Fund at Copeland Community School, High Street, Wembley, Middx. For tickets Tel: 081 366 5137,081 998 5470 & 071 4028340.
May 13 3.30 p.m. Novena at the Asian
Continued From Page20
ing sun that greets the IPKF in salute to bid them bye will cover this land in abiding glory for time to come.
"It is my signal honour to express the admiration and gratitude of the Government and people of India to the IPKF for a difficult task, very well done and to the Government of Sri Lanka, its people and most of all its Armed Forces, for the cooperation extended by them in the fulfilment of IPKF's onerous responsibilities.
"We are all proud of you, soldiers of the IPKF. History will record your achievements in golden print and the memories of those of the IPKF who have laid down their lives to preserve the unity and territorial integrity of a friendly neighbour will last in our hearts for ever. A proud and grateful nation awaits your arrival back on Indian shores'.
Foreign Minister and State Minister for Defence, Ranjan Wijeratne told both local and foreign reporters in his speech at the farewell ceremony that the IPKF had made a great sacrifice after arriving in the country to disarm the militant groups in the country.
"Unfortunately one militant group did not agree to the Accord signed to end the ethnic war. But we have to face realities', he said.
Chaplaincy, 48 Gl SMV1 Tel: 71 2222 At Bharatiya Vidya Road, London W 3036/4608. May 5 7 p.m. Karna am Santhanam. May 127 p.m. Bhara Veena, student of atanatyam teacher. 575 22:45. May 18 7.30 p.m. Y ma from India) with
The Minister p to the former Il Gandhi for the co late last year a present Prime Mi External Affai. Kumar Gujral ha their purpose by one week before line.
Mr. Wijeratne strengthening re two countries and are always welco country.
The Minister pathies to the fa soldiers who laid the 'great good of
Continued From
but the police th way those reports of the story. If ne the police will ( Mariyadas would The matter would "O: Hasn't the PC LTTE on those re A: I don't think tunity yet. I am there are new lea investigate. They done so. The la everybody'.
 
 
 

TAMILTMES 2F
i Bharata Natyam dancer kshman and Sangeetha laya, Sangeetha Vidwan ]ked their Skills and are rama "The Abduction of are moderately priced at
. Peter Street, London 895.
Bhavan, 4A Castletown 14 9HQ. Tel: O71 381
sic Vocal by Maharajapur
tanatyam Arangetram by Prakash, Bhavan's BharFor invitations Tel 071
/akshagana (Dance Dra20 artistes
paid his compliments hdian Premier Rajiv operation given until und added that the nister V.P. Singh and rs Minister, Inder ud shown sincerity in pulling out the troops the March 31, dead
stressed the need of lations between the
said that the Indians med as visitors to the
expressed his symmilies of the Indian down their lives for 'all'.
Page 19
ink otherwise. Anydo not mean the end w evidence surfaces, hange their views. be indicted shortly. be settled by courts. lice questioned the ports yet? they got that opporsorry to say that. If ds, the police would may have already vs should apply to
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Parthipan son of Mr & Mrs Subramaniam, “Thamilakan, Urumpirai South, Sri Lanka i and Chitra daughter of Mr & Mrs Ratnasingham, Gnanavyravar Road, Kondavil East, Sri Lanka at Sri Murugan Temple, London E12 on 31.3.90.
Shankar son of Mr T. Visvendran and the late Mrs Visvendran, 27 Cromwell Road, Stevenage, Herts., U.K. and Jyoti daughter of Mr & Mrs Sant Parkash Singh, 24 Oakdene Avenue, Darlington, U.K. at Sadberge Village Hall, Darlington on 7.4.90.
To Contact Urgently Christiane Fuchs wishes to contact Valupillai Gunaseelan of Trinconnalee or his brothers, sisters urgently. E 39 c/o Tamil Times.
House for Sale, Beach Road, Pt. Pedro, Sri Lanka.
Three quarters of an acre of land; three bedrooms each with own fan; two kitchens; bathroom/W.C./shower, lounge, dining room, servants quarters; 5.50 feet concrete wall surrounding the property, ornate gardens, decorated with Philippine mini coconut trees; electricity/sanitation supplied. Price £22,000. Please reply E 38 c/o Tamil Times.
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tor — De Croos Ltd) husl father of Shobana, Arjuna of Mr Benjamin and the
son-in-law of the late S Srinivasan, brother of Ze Thilliga Segarajasinghe, h and Shanthie Xavier e) circumstances on MarC MaWatha, Welawafte, CC
Mrs Nesaratnam Naval loved wife of the late T. (Hons), London, Lecture lege, sister of the late Lanka), mother of Baler Lalitha (both of Sri Lank Shanthi (U.K.), Buvan (both of Sri Lanka); granc thi, Jasmin (UK), Gobi Gajanthi (Sri Lanka) pas tan, Kondavil East, Sri La Hill Road, Pinner, Middx
IN MEMO In loving memory of ou. (Retired chief clerk) Call
Remembered with love a Grace, children Ranji, Albert, Daughter-in-law ( Priyantha, Dharshini, Dilk - Mahen Muthiah, 5 Retford, Notts.
(Dean, Professor & Dire Programs, University o Social Work - 1971-19 Professor, University c Social Work, Urbana-C 1987-1989, USA)
By Dr. Richard J.
General, Inter-University ternational Social Develc sor, George Warren Br Work, Washington Unive
While attending the Ne Social Workers Conferer Dan died from an unanti To those of us who worl there was never any que vigour. His passing has l will be hard to fill, inc University Consortium fo Development ranks, but other professional and ated organizations. For years, he helped us c (Non-governmental orga in the United Nations. H International Committee Work Education where international content anc ment to the Curriculum C Social Work in the USA.
Were 1 to begin to re this salutation I would ne volumes. However, Wi future historians. Know object vigorously even being much too lengthy.
Dan 'S ConcernS have intertwined with those least of these have be peace over the possibil tion of natural resource: human rights, over pi spread ignorance. He ha the good in others wit.
 

15 APRIL 1990
OBTUARIES
(DIMO'S and Direcband of Dr Nirmala, and Aravindan, Son late Mrs Benjamin, 'rinivasan and Mrs lina Ariyanayagam, Kamala Nagalingam pired under tragic h 6th - 9 Rudra lombo 6.
atnarajah (73) beWavaratnarajah, B.A. ir Jaffna Hindu ColS. Sittampalam (Sri dra (U.K.), Sarojini, a); mother-in-law of endran, Sothirajah Innother of Chrishan(a, Vaseekaran and sed away at "Nesasanka On 21.3.90 - 10 , HA5 1JZ. Tel: O1-x
RAM r father M. Muttiah 2d to rest 27.4.89.
ind affection by wife Mahen, Son-in-law hris, grand children an, Miran, & Dushka 3abworth Crescent,
Vemalaranee Kanagaratnam, retired teacher, St Pauls, Milagiriya, Bambalapitiya, Sri Lanka, beloved wife of the late P. Kanagaratnam; loving mother of Sara (Hong Kong), Brem (Airport Garden Hotel, Sri Lanka), Dubsy (U.K.), loving mother-in-law of Lalitha (Sri Lanka), Shyamala (UK), lowing grandmother of Janarthan, Mahala, Uthistran (Sri Lanka) Arani, Anuja (U.K.), loving sister of Pathma (U.K.), Vimalendran (Viims Jaffna) Niruba, Dolly (Sri Lanka) Robin (Switzerland) passed away in London on 31.3.90 - 19 Huxley Place, Palmers Green, London N13 5SU. TEL 01 8865966.
x429,1691. A poojah in her memory was held
at the Highgate Murugan Temple, London N6
On 224.90.
A Tribute to Dr. Daniel Selvarajah Sanders
ector of International f Hawaii School of 86, USA, Dean and f Illinois School of hampaign, linois –
Parvis, Secretary/ Consortium for inpment (also Profeswn School of Social }rsity). tional Association of ceat San Francisco, Cipated heart attack. red closely with him, stion of his health or aft a deep void which t only within Interr international Social in a wide range of internationally affiliexample, in recent btain special NGO lization) status withalso served On the of Council on Social he strove to bring economic developDntent of Schools of
spond adequately in 2d to prepare several | leave that task for ning Dan, he would these few lines as
long been closely of IUCISD. Not the en the struggle for y of war, the deple, the suppression of pulation and Wideda rare ability to see
diverse views and
somehow identify the common factor which would enable them to work cooperatively.
At the Inter-University Consortium for International Social Development organizational level, we have only begun to see developments taking shape. Many of these were due in no small measure to the encouragement of Our recent President.
One needs only to pause and reflect on our personal and shared experiences at Hong Kong, Sussex, Japan, Aland, Montreal, Patzcuaro, Heidelburg and Gothenburg to appreciate the contributions which Dan has persistently made to IUCISD philosophy and development.
Drawing from his professional education, which was Centered in social work of three Countries - Sri Lanka, Wales U.K., and the USA, he believed in a multi-disciplinary approach to meeting problems of human needs. Never for a moment did he lose sight of the need for both economic and human development to grow concurrently in partnerships, but he was equally convinced about the need for teamwork between all disciplines. This was reflected not only in his approach with IUCISD, but within his university as well. Here he helped build a special working relationship between his department and a number of other disciplines.
But more than being a person with convictions, Dan constantly worked at interpreting his beliefs and helping translate these into action even at possible risk of being viewed with raised eyebrows by some of his more cautious contemporaries. None, however, doubted his sincerity or willingness to work constructively with others. The role of a pioneer is not always an easy one, and Dan was frequently in that position.
The impact of his presence will continue to be felt in this organiation and in the world at large.

Page 23
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