Page 1
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ROW OF shops in fronto Manipay Mission
Hospital after bombing of hospital on 7th August, Body being dragged out.
Month Eat.
Opposition Calls for Halt to Bombing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

器、 children climbing out of a shelter R 1990 75р after bombing attack.
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Bill Stree
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Amnesty International Update on Human Rights
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Attorney General Abandons Murder case of Journalist
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Page 2
2 TAM TIMES
STANDING COMMITTEE PEOPLE (S
ANURGENT APPEAL FOR
The Tamil people are today facing the gravest crisis i violence. Never before have the civilian population in the violence, violations, death, destruction and displacemen succeeding day has brought more havoc and devastatic
An estimated 800,000 people have been uprooted from residence and have become refugees. Over 100,000 pec of their homes and their areas, hundreds of thousands of essential facilities. A virtual economic blockade has beer peninsula, which has brought the people to the point of
The General Council of SCOT is of the view that We as an providing relief for the affected and displaced people of N this hour of urgent need. From our limited resources, we a sum of Ten Thousand pounds over and above our nor drop in the ocean when one takes account of the enorm
To enable SCOT to provide more assistance to relieve ti the General Council appeals to all concerned well wisher respond positively as a matter of urgency by sending yo
The Treasurer, SCOT, 107 Coleman Court, Kimber R
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15 SEPTEMBER 1990
OF TAMIL SPEAKING C.O.T.)
JONATIONS & SUPPORT
their history because of the continuing war and orth-east of Sri Lanka been subjected to the scale of that have occurred since June 11 this year. Every .
their homes and even from their areas of normal ple have fled to south India. Having been forced out people are suffering without food, medical and other imposed in the north-east, particularly in the Jaffna Starvation.
organisation which has traditionally been involved in Orth-East Sri Lanka should make Our Contribution in lave already provided relief assistance amounting to mal disbursements. We are aware that this is just a ity of the problem.
he immediate hardships and suffering of our people, s to make a reasonable financial Contribution. Please ur donations in favour of SCOT to:
oad, London SW18, U.K.
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Page 3
15 SEPTEMBER 1990
CONTENTS
Three month battle for Jaffna Fort. . . . . . 4 Opposition demands halt to bombing. ...5 ISS ANNUAL
Indian MPs Team to visit N-E Sri Lanka. .7
UK/india/Sri
Northern situation precarious. . . . . . . . . . 9 All other co
Pub
n Ethics. . . . . 10 An appeal for Humanitaria TA The Eelam strategy and its viability. . . .11 PC SUTTON, S Views expressed by contributors are not necessarily UNT those of the editor or the publishers Phone:
PEOPLE WHO
Just one more bomb left, what shall I do?', asked a pilot fron a bomber aircraft. 'Drop it anywhere, was the promp response from the pilot of the helicopter who was expectedt indicate the target for the bombing. This conversatio, between two pilots heard at ground level over the FM band b. all who cared to listen demonstrates the Callous an indiscriminate nature of the bombing operations presentl conducted by the government forces in Jaffna in northern Si Lanka.
However, Sri Lanka's State Minister for Defence, Ranjar Wijeratne told Parliament on 23 August, "The aerial bombing in the north was being carried out with good intelligence anc military precision to hit LTTE hide-outs'. And on 3 Septembe, he told an Opposition delegation which met the President tha. 'every care had been taken to avoid civilian casualties' ir carrying out bombing operations in the north.
The Minister was not only being economical with the truth when he made these claims. His claims Constitute brazen lies. The indiscriminate bombing operations carried out by government forces in the north, particularly in the Jaffna peninsula, have resulted in extensive destruction and an unaccountable number of Civilian Casualties. The evidence suggests that when bombs weighing between 100 to 300 kilograms are dropped by bomber aircraft from 3000 to 3500 metres high, they explode causing a deafening noise, and each bomb demolishes about ten houses completely and about twenty more are damaged to varying degrees. It cannot be acceptably argued that the Chunnakam electricity power station which provided electricity to the whole district, the various hospitals at Manipay, Manthikai and Moolai, the Bishop's House and several Cathedrals, churches and temples, the many college and school buildings and the like, which are located several miles away from the besieged Jaffna Fort were all bombed with military precision to hit LTTE hide-outs'. Nor can it be credibly claimed that the helicopter gunships which fly about pumping out two to three thousand bullets per minute from their high velocity supermachineguns in their sustained strafing operations all over Jaffna peninsula have taken 'every care to avoid civilian casualties. Or can it be justifiably claimed that the long-range artillery shells repeatedly fired indiscriminately from Palaly airbase or from Karainagar naval base or from gunboats anchored off the Jaffna and Mannar coast are being targeted "with military precision' and to avoid civilian casualties"?
齐 In the eastern province where government forces are said to have regained control, reports are being received that a considerable number of people have been and are being deliberately killed or have 'disappeared' and are 'disappearing' without trace. Many an instance can be cited where government forces have picked up hundreds of people at a time, even from refugee camps, and whose whereabouts have remained unknown and in some cases their dead bodies have been found later. The unfortunate friction between the Taniland Muslin Communities has been further manipulated and exarcerbated by the security forces. The so-called Muslim Home Guards ostensibly created to provide
 

TAMIL TIMES S
CONTENTS
On Man Hunts and MaSS MurderS. . . . . 12
O266-4488 Amnesty Int'l Report on Sri Lanka..... 13 SUBSCRIPTION Teenage gunmen rule in Jaffna. . . . . . . 16 RA. . . š Stop aid-plea to World Bank. . . . . . . . 19 shed by News Round Up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 TIES LTD
BOX 121 Readers' Forum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 JIRREY SM1 3 TD D. KINGOOM ra. The publishers assume no responsibility for return of O81-644 0972 unsolicited manuscripts, photographs and artwork.
BEAR THE BRUNT
f
security for the Muslim civilians are being armed and encouraged to kill members of the Tamil community or drive them away from their homes and villages. Besides the members of the security forces, death squads presumably Sponsored by government agencies go about in unmarked vehicles committing atrocities of a kind worse than what had been happening in the south of the island in the recent past. It is self-evident that the civilian population have borne the brunt of this ongoing war. Nearly a million people have become refugees. Over 125,000 people have braved the attacks from the Sri Lankan navy and fled to India as refugees. Subjected to a virtual food-blockade, people are starving to death and we hear harrowing reports of mothers poisoning their own children unable to endure the suffering of their dear ones without food. The sick and the injured have no hospitals or medicines. Hospitals have been bombed and incapacitated and doctors and medical staff have been kidnapped or have fled in search of physical safety. People are dying being bombed in their homes and even in refugee camps. Most people in the Jaffna peninsula spend long hours in bunkers and under culverts even when they are flooded during rainy days.
"It is providence that we are still alive here. What we are going through cannot be expressed in words. The situation is worsening every day. People have no strength to endure any more. How long can we live in bunkers? In Jaffna town, people have no homes to live. Many hundreds of homes have been reduced to rubble. Many more have no roofs, windows or doors. Who can help our people from this massacre? Unnecesarily people are being decimated. The government is not worried about the people. The militants can't protect the people but the people who want to escape the violence and go elsewhere are being prevented. On the pretext of eliminating the militants, the government is destroying the people with their bombing and shelling. More than five people are dying when one bomb falls. Casualties in the Jaffna town are less because most people have abandoned their homes and gone away to other parts of the peninsula. But because of the bombing of other areas many miles away from the Fort, at least ten to twenty people are dying daily. Since even refugee camps are being bombed, people have no place to go. Our survival depends on the mercy of those who can appeal on our behalf. Please pray for us'.
The above extract from a letter recently received from a Nun in Jaffna and all the evidence of what is happening in the east of the island reflect, if not fully, substantially, the plight of the civilian population, and we believe that our description of the present war, when it broke out in June, as a "WAR ON THE PEOPLE' and to characterise it as a callous imposition upon the people' are absolutely justified.
The Sri Lankan Government on the pretext of fighting the LTTE, is prosecuting a war against the entire Tamil civilian population. By its acts of commission and omission, the Sri Lankan Government stands condemned for flagrantly violating the most elementary requirements of the Geneva Conventions in the conduct of the present war.

Page 4
4 TAMIL TIMES
THREE MONTH BATT
FOR JAFFNA FOR
Rita Sebastian Fron Colombo
The 17th century Dutch Fort in Jaffna
that had become a prestige issue, between the Government and the LTTE,
in three months of bitter fighting,
finally fell into Government hands on September 13.
The bursting of firecrackers in the south indicated the mood of the people to the 'meticulously planned and carefully executed operation' that put an end to the trauma of two hundred policemen and soldiers trapped inside. In a combined sea, land and air operation aptly code-named "Thrividabalaya' (Three Forces) soldiers from six regiments in rubber dinghies were said to have sailed across the lagoon to take the Fort.
Casualties were necessarily high. Military officials put their dead at 26 and injured at 130 in the first two days, and estimated that over 100 LTTE militants were killed in the operation. The Sri Lankan Airforce also lost its first aircraft, a Sia Marchetti, an Italian built single engine jet.
Although the military put it down to a mechanical defect that prevented the young pilot to take off after a dive to bomb an LTTE position, the LTTE claimed they had shot it down with a SAM missile.
Military officials dismiss the claim pointing out that if the LTTE were in possession of SAM missiles, the war would have taken a different turn at the initial stages of the war, itself considering that the Sri Lanka Airforce has only a small fleet of planes. : Even the Sia Marchettis brought into the -country as trainee aircraft were doubling up as bombers. Indian officials in Colombo dismiss the claim as well since the LTTE were notable to bring down any of the Indian aircraft in thirtytwo months of an offensive against the LTTE. -
The freeing of the Fort had an element of surprise because when the forces launched, what it called a major offensive on the northern peninsula on August 22, the taking of the Fort seemed to be the first priority.
Yet in spite of securing the islands of Kayts and Mandativu, its forward march to the Fort was thwarted by a heavily mined Pannai causeway and the blasting of the mainland end of it.
What had at first seemed imminent, was suddenly shelved and it was to .
take another three weeks before the final assault was made. One reason was that Mullaitivu Camp was also under LTTE siege, with mortar and heavy artillery attack continuously trained on it.
Fears that it could w the nearby Kokkavil overrun by the LTTE i of battle and where : killed determined the move. And Mullaitivu the Fort Camp on the
In Mullaitivu it
strength against str army won having mou offensive against LTT The military put dow ties at over 150 killed casualties at only 12 always been confusio) ties. Both sides have played the numbers.
The Government's f northern peninsula ha aerial bombardment of giving rise to allegati minate killing of civi that led to a delegati opposition political pa Lanka Freedom Party ma Bandaranaike me Ranasinghe Premadas gust.
Although there had servations on the part
Late News
Fort at
Christopher Mor
Conflicting report northern Sri Lank out the fate of the town of Jaffna. government says deliberately withd Tamil Tiger separa fell into their ha fighting.
There are no inc emerging from the been virtually cut began again in Ju
The fort had from the Tigers si garrison was evac month in a big n Now the governn maining relief t withdrawn by the just south of Jaff
However, the T ernment forces w Whichever versi more accurate t now effectively ul
Sri Lanka’s Minister, Ranjar yesterday that th
LLSLSL

15 SEPTEMBER 1990
E
ll go the way of Samp that was the first weeks ) soldiers were military's next Camp replaced lilitary agenda. was pitching ngth and the ted a combined E fortifications. LTTE casualand put its own ead. There has | about casual
always down
re power in the s been through Tiger positions, ons of indiscriians. An issue on of seventeen arties led by Sri eader Mrs. Sirieting President sa in late Au
been some re, of some SLFP
party members that the question of aerial bombardment should not be taken up in the face of military strategy to hit LTTE targets, Mrs. Bandaranaike brought up the issue making it quite clear that the position she was taking did not run contrary to her position regarding military operations against the LTTE.
Although political commentators have been quick to describe some of the parties as "bob tails and rag tails whose membership would not be sufficient even to fill a buggy cart, the opposition leader didn't seem affected by it. 列
Arising out of the' meeting was the appointment of a ministerial committee headed by State Minister of Defence, Ranjan Wijeratne and comprising the Ministers of Health, Rehabilitation and Food who would every week interact with representatives of the political parties and review humanitarian issues related to the on-going conflict in the island’s North-East Provinces, with representatives of the seventeen political parties having undertaken to visit the affected districts and look into the situation on the ground with regard to refugee camps, food shortages, sanitation and other relevant issues.
With the refugee figure estimated at one million persons of all three communities located in over 600 camps in
Continued On Page 16
Jaffna Falls into Rebel Hands
ris in Colombo
s emerged from a yesterday abarmy fort in the The Sri Lankan its troops were
rawn, while the
tists say the fort nds after heavy
ependent reports north, which has off since fighting
e.
een under siege ce then, until the uated earlier this ilitary operation. ent says the reOops have been navy to an island
a. gers say the govre forced to flee. n proves to be e whole town is der rebel control. )eputy Defence Wijeratne, said government was
reopen the main Jaffna hospital,
withdrawing its troops for humanitarian reasons, and that it hoped that the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) would take over the running of the fort, and
less than a mile away.
Mr. Wijeratne said he had assured the ICRC that air raids in the area would be halted, although Tamil Tigers who tried to enter the fort would be removed by the army. Air force planes have carried out daily bombing raids in the Jaffna peninsula in the last few months, causing many casualties. The Tigers say the fort area is again under heavy aerial bombardment.
The government previously said that its aim was to advance from the fort and take control of a larger area around the hospital. However, the Tigers have continued to launch attacks with mortars, and are thought to have built a formidable network of defensive fortifications in the town centre. Any army attempt to break through the rebel defences would have led to very heavy casualties.
Courtesy The Guardian, 27.9.90

Page 5
15 SEPTEMBER 1990
Opposition Demands Halt to Bombing "We demand that the killing of civilians by indiscriminate aerial bombing be halted forthwith, a Press release
signed by the leaders of five Opposition political parties stated.
The signatories to the release are Mrs. Sirimavo Bandaranaike (SLFP), M. M. Ashroff (SLMC), Atauda Seneviratne (USA), Dinesh Gunawardene (MEP) and Mavai S. Senathirajah (TULF).
The release stated:
“We, the Members of the Opposition in Parliament are alarmed at the killings and disappearances of innocent civilians of the country. We are disturbed that the aerial bombing carried out on the direction of the Government has caused the loss of so many innocent lives and damage to civilian houses and properties.
We are perturbed at two statements made by the State Minister for Defence in Parliament in the course of two emergency debates viz:
(1) That for the safety of the innocent civilians they should evacuate and go on a mass exodus to Vavuniya where he would give “facilities'.
(2) The alternative for the civilian Tamils is to destroy the LTTE.
"We wish to remind the government that indiscriminate killings of this sort as a means to an end is an inhuman action against the people of our own country and unfair by our Armed Forces who are compelled to follow orders.
We demand that the killing of the civilians by indiscriminate aerial bombing be halted forthwith.
| TULF ALARMED
& CONCERNED ABOUT N-E SITUATION
The TULF delegation that met with President Ranasinghe Premadasa on 22nd August at the Presidential Secretariat, expressed alarm and serious concern at the tragic situation in the North and the East.
According to reliable figures, there are more than 600,000 refugees in the North and East. Several persons have literally walked across the island for almost two months as destitutes, begging for food and in a state of physical and mental exhaustion a press release by the TULF stated.
60,000 refugees moving from Mannar, proceeded to India. Many of them sold their meagre possessions to make the hazardous journey to India. Most of these camps were afflicted by diseases and starvation.
There is an acute shortage of food and medicines. Within the Jaffna Peninsula itself, the monthly food re
quirements wei Only a small fr has been despatc distributed. The and dysentery
deaths of severa children. There : jected to crimin forms of indignit
It further s pointed out that Eastern Provin Northern Provir ly deserted. Sev larly in the Tri continuing to hi Many of the vi serted, propertie has been larges erty of Tamil vill al goods, motor ( their goats and cally located an The delegation to take serious of the crisis aff the North and til
Firstly, massiv needs to be mour rian relief in the medicine and ol are made avail Existing human such as UNHCR are far toolimite made to augmer to enhance their ly, a progressive tarization should assistance of th mittee of the Re such as hospital civilian concentr, lated from the co
Army Us as Hun - London
The LITTE leac
Krishnakumar, cused the Sri La Tamil civilians a advancing from Mandaitivu in a Jaffna Fort garr Army command from two village Mandaitivu and shields while figh ty-six of these civ by the soldiers,
Mr. Kittu in a Hindu from Lor fighting was ragi and the Sri Lanl Palaly Army and Jaffna peninsula army camp at M The Army had 300 Tamil civilia the last two day

e about 50,000 tons. action of this amount hed to these areas and outbreak of cholera have resulted in the l infants and refugee re some refugees suball assault and other y, the release added.
aid: The delegation many villages in the ce and parts of the ce have become totaleral civilians, particuncomalee District are de in jungles in fear. llages have been des destroyed and there cale looting. The propi. agers such as electricycles, cycles and even cattle were systematid loaded into lorries. urged the government note of the magnitude !cting the civilians of he East. fe international effort ted so that humanitaform of more food and ther support services able to the refugees. itarian organizations and ICRC resources d and efforts should be ut their resources and effectiveness. Secondprogramme of demilibe instituted with the e International Comd Cross so that areas s, refugee camps and ations should be insuinflict.
ing Civilians an Shields'
LTTE Leader
MADRAS, Aug 30.
er, Mr. Sathasivam alias Kittu, today acnkan Army of using human-shields while the Kayts island to effort to capture the son. “The Sri Lankan 2ered Tamil civilians between Kayts and used them as humanting the LTTE. Twenilians were shot dead Le said.
n interview with The don said that heavy ng between the LTTE an Army outside the Air Force base in the
Kankesanturai, the llaitivu in the North. hot dead more than is in its operations in s in the islands out
TAMIL TIMES 5
lying the Jaffna peninsula he said. og
Heavy aerial bombardment accompanied the Sri Lankan soldiers attempt to come out of their barracks at Palaly and advance towards Jaffna town on a three-axis front. The axes were towards Kankesanturai, Vasavilan and Kattuvan. "Heavy fighting is going on there. To help the soldiers advance, aerial bombing is under way', Mr. Kittu said.
The soldiers who had left their camp at Kankesanturai ran into a minefield laid by the LTTE. The soldiers fled back to their camp when 30 of them had their legs blown off. Again, as the soldiers tried to advance from the Naval base at Karainagar in the Jaff. na peninsula towards Karainagar town, the LTTE men intercepted them and launched a sustained attack on them, the LTTE leader said.
The Army also pressed into operation armoured cars called 'Saladin', fitted with cannons between Karainagar and Kayts. The armoured cars had now advanced to Mandaitivu, Mr. Kittu said.
Asked whether the Army would capture the Jaffna Fort, Mr. Kittu said, "The fighting in the next three days will decide that. They said they would capture the Fort in two days. But they have taken more than a month. The soldiers have entered Mandaitivu. Our boys have surrounded them. We have fully destroyed the Pannai causeway leading from Mandaitivu to Jaffna Fort. We will not allow the soldiers trapped inside the Jaffna Fort to come out. Even if we lose the Fort, it will not be a big loss for us. It is situated only in a corner'.
C.M's proposal welcomed: Answering a question on the Tamil Nadu Chief Minister's speech in the Assembly that the Government of India should play the role of a 'neutral guarantor in forging a ceasefire between the LTTE and the Sri Lankan Government and helping them to start negotiations, Mr. Kittu said: 'Mr. Karunanidhi's suggestion should be welcomed and appreciated. But we would like to have a permanent solution to the Tamil problem. We do not want temporary solutions. Our fighting is for the Tamils to live in permanent peace and security. India should go for it (permanent solution) because the Tamils are being decimated for a long time. As far as Mr. Karunanidhi is concerned, his efforts console us. After all, we are of the same blood. Affinities will not fade away'.
Asked whether the National Front Government had done anything so far to find a solution to the Tamil problem, the LTTE leader said: “The problem is such that it may not be able to take any immediate decision. The IPKF has, just returned. But India should understand the Tamils' standpoint. We have
Continued on Page 6.

Page 6
6 TAMIL TIMES
Continued From Page 5
said several times that we are not against India's interests and objectives. It may take some time for India to understand this. Besides, there are problems in Delhi. So it may take some time for Delhi to act'.
Diplomatic status: On whether the Government of India had exerted any "diplomatic pressure' on Colombo to solve the Tamil problem, Mr. Kittu said the Government of India should accord diplomatic status to the LTTE just as it had done for the PLO and the ANC (African National Congress). “We should be given the same status. The PLO has been allowed to set up an embassy (in Delhi). Our desire is that India should give us the same status. We have expressed the desire to India that it should officially invite us for talks'.
ATTORNEY-GENERAL ABANDONS CASE OF JOURNALIST'S MURDER
Christopher Morris in Colombo
Sri Lanka’s Attorney-General submitted yesterday that there was insufficient evidence to take steps against a senior policeman who was identified by the mother of a murdered journalist as one of the men who abducted her son.
Richard de Zoysa was taken from his mother's home last February by a group of armed and uniformed men, and his mutilated body washed up on a beach south of Colombo a few days later. His mother, Dr. Manorani Saravanamuttu, has since led a campaign to bring those responsible to book.
In a magistrates' court yesterday, state council for the Attorney-General applied to have the investigation suspended which would mean it was still sub judice. But the lawyer acting for Dr. Saravanamuttu argued successfullly that proceedings should be discontinued, and now hopes to have the case raised in Parliament.
The lawyer, Batty Weerakoon handed a written submission to the court that the murder of Richard de Zoysa was a politically motivated police killing.
Mr. Weerakoon said yesterday that he regarded the investigation into the case as a cover-up. The magistrate had ordered the arrest and appearance in court of the suspect, but was overruled at an earlier hearing by the Attorney-General.
The case has received widespread international publicity, even though it is only one among many. Thousands of people were killed in Sri Lanka last year during an uprising by an extreme nationalist movement known as the JVP, or People's Liberation Front, which was crushed by the security forces in a widespread atmosphere of terror.
Richard de Zoysa,
just another anonyr was a well-known te who also worked for news agency. He wa been collecting infor rights violations at death, and had be Lisbon to take up an agency later named l as Journalist of th mother is due to colle month.
After he was kill media published po Richard de Zoysa v pathiser. His friends but it is one which koon little confidenc the police to condu investigation. He no pendent inquiry to be be appointed only by
(The G
‘India Mu MPs Urge
NEW Members in the Ra urged the Foreign Mi Lanka to take stock and discuss with th ment measures requi Participating in a discussion on the Lanka raised by Mr. (DMK) and 20 othe felt that an impres ground that the gov has been reduced to silent spectator after the Indian Peace-Ke
Among those who inconclusive discuss G op a la s w am y, Narayanaswamy ar Natarajan (Congress sivan (CPI-M) and Sinha (JD).
Barring the 30 m tween the treasury a ches over the re Narayanaswamy to Chief Minister, all t unanimous in their the situation in Sri serious and that the in the island nation They said while they and integrity of Sri should be created fo fied and honourable
“Sinister desig Sinha, who through in the House last w the immediate inter an Government to in Sri Lanka, saic must ensure imme hostilities and send sufferings of the T. design of uprootin be stopped.

*5 SÉPfÈMBÈR 1990
owever, was not bus tragedy. He vision presenter an international
known to have ation on human he time of his due to go to w post. The news m posthumously
Year, and his t the award next
d, the state-run ce reports that as a JVP symdeny the charge, ives Mr. Weerain the ability of ct an impartial 7 wants an indeset up, which can the President.
lardian, 31.8.90).
st Act
Govt.
DELHI, Aug. 29. ya Sabha today nister tovisit Sri of the situation e island Govern(red to defuse it.
short duration situation in Sri V. Gopalaswamy rs, the members ision had gained ernment of India the position of a the withdrawal of eping Force. participated in the ion, besides Mr. w er e Mr. V. d Mrs. Jayanthi -I), Mr. A. NallaMr. Yashwant
nute wrangle bend opposition benerences of Mr. the Tamil Nadu he members were assessment that Lanka was very nterests of Tamils were in jeopardy. were for the unity Lanka, conditions a peaceful, digniife for the Tamils. :Mr. Yashwant a special mention 2k had demanded ention of the Indicop the 'genocide' the Government iate cessation of ll help to end the nils. The 'sinister the Tamils must
"The Indian Government must ensure a dialogue between the warring groups, it cannot be indifferent and leave the matters to the Sri Lankan Government alone. All possible options must be considered and exercised it cannot be a silent spectator, he said amidst thumping of desks.
Mr. Sinha defended the decision of the National Front Government to withdraw the IPKF and said it was not taken either in a huff or hurry. The tragic manner in which the IPKF had to take on the very people it had gone to protect weighed the most in taking the decision. While agreeing that the withdrawal should have been preceded by fulfilment of certain conditions, Mr. Sinha said it should not be forgotten that the IPKF was deployed at the request and invitation of the Sri Lankan Government.
"Policy of Genocide':Mr. Gopalaswamy (DMK) accused the Sri Lankan Government of pursuing a policy of genocide and pleaded with the Indian Government to take up urgently the issue with the island Government. Life in the Tamil dominated areas of the country had been completely dislocated and there were conditions of starvation.
In the wake of the serious situation in Sri Lanka, over 80,000 refugees had reached the Indian shores and the figure was likely to cross the one lakh mark in the next few days. Over five lakh Tamils had become refugees in their homeland. He accused the Premadasa Government of actively promoting hostility between Muslims and Tamils to gain political support from the Islamic countries.
Mr. Gopalaswamy said that unfortunately a signal had gone that the Indian Government was watching the situation helplessly even as the interests of the Tamils and the geopolitical interests of India were seriously affected by the policies of the Sri Lankan Government. Mr. Gopalaswamy said the problem was not an internal issue of Sri Lanka but a human rights problem. "Free hand': Mr. Narayanaswamy said the present government had not shown any interest and had not bothered to react to the situation. The withdrawal of the IPKF without fulfilling the conditions in the Indo-Sri Lankan Accord had given a free hand to the island Government to launch an offensive against the Tamil population.
He said the National Front Government had no policy of its own on the Sri Lankan issue after the withdrawal of the IPKF. He urged the Government to respond immediately to the situation in the island. Wondering whether the Indian Government was prepared to warn the Sri Lankan Government on the situation, he said efforts must be made to remove all the foreign forces in Sri Lanka. He also suggested

Page 7
15 SEPTEMBER 1990
sending a parliamentary delegation for a first hand assessment of the situation.
Mr. Nallasivam said the continuing annihilation of Tamils was on account of the withdrawal of the IPKF without the implemention of the Indo-Sri Lanka Accord. The Government of India should immediately get down to the task of effecting a ceasefire and a negotiated settlement between the Sri Lankan Government and the warring factions.
| Mrs. Jayanthii Natarajan said the present situation in Sri Lanka was on account of the wrong assumptions of the National Front Government on the basis of which it withdrew the IPKF.
INDIAN MP's TEAM TO VISIT N-E SRI LANKA
NEW DELHI, Aug. 30
Ån Indian Parliamentary delegation will soon visit Sri Lanka to assess the situation in the North-Eastern province of the island nation in the wake of the ethnic violence, the Minister of State for External Affairs, Mr. Hari Kishore Singh, announced in the Rajya Sabha today.
Replying to a short duration discussion on the 'situation in Sri Lanka' raised by Mr. V. Gopalaswamy (DMK) and 20 others the Minister said all arrangements were being made for the visit. The members who participated in the debate cutting across party lines had urged the Government to send such a delegation.
The moment Mr. Singh finished his eight minute reply, read out from a written statement, several members rose in protest and complained that the Government was treating the Sri Lankan issue very lightly. They complained that the reply of the Minister did not answer any of their points made during the five-hour long discussion. Not satisfied with the reply Mr. V. Naray anaswamy (Congress-I) staged a walk-out.
Sensing the mood of the members who persisted with their demand that the Government should spell out its policy on Sri Lanka and indicate the concrete steps it proposed to take to defuse the situation, the Deputy Chairman, Mrs. Najma Heptullah told the Minister that it was the consensus of the House that the Government should take greater initiative to protect the interests of Tamils in Sri Lanka.
Mr. Singh appealed to both sides in Sri Lanka to sit across the table and find a solution to the ethnic conflict. The Union Government was seized of the matter raised through a telegram from the Tamil Nadu Chief Minister and it had taken up the issue of aerial bombardment of Tamil areas in Sri Lanka.
The Minister said the Government
shared the ang over the plight pursuing the var Tamils with the ment. The reman it should not b Lanka was a s certain actions s' however desirab. provoked angry gress-I members. Mr. Singh sai IPKF from the fulfilment of the tion manifesto a Sri Lanka would an armed confli been belied wit positions on both tion of violence misery and suff and rights of Tam become the casu conflict.
Expressing seri ports of heavy cas al discord in the vince, the Minis conveyed its angu to Sri Lanka anc cessation of host insecurity of ordi Tamil dominated from the steady in India. With the a refugees to Tamil drawal of the IPE their numbers had lakhs.
Mr. Singh said
need for creation refugee camps co Lanka itself unde the U.N., other in and the Red Cro Government had
to a suggestion ol ment in this regar the LTTE was re lishment of such (
The only dura ethnic problem w framework of the Sri Lanka. Neit armed conflict wo situation. The Ju vided a great de powers to Tamils must be concretis
S MMC N-E Inter
Leader of the Sri gress, M.H.M. Ash President Prema immediate setting Council to admini East.
The letter furth cellency is aware ( tion in which peo communities are

TAMIL TIMES 7
ish of the members of Tamils and was pus issues relating to Sri Lankan Governof the Minister that
forgotten that Sri vereign nation and ggested by members could not be taken reactions from Con
de-induction of the island had been in National Front elecd it was hoped that realise the futility of it. The hopes have the hardening of sides and intensificaresulting in untold ring. The interests ils in Sri Lanka have alty of the present
OUS COCeTI OVer reualties and commun
North-Eastern Proter said India had sh over the situation urged it to ensure (lities. The growing nary citizens in the
areas was evident flux of refugees into rrival of 85,000 odd Nadu after the withkF from Sri Lanka, | Swelled to over 1.75
there was an urgent of conditions where uld be set up in Sri r the supervision of Iternational agencies ss. The Sri Lankan responded positively the Indian Governd. The cooperation of quired in the estabcamps. ble solution to the ould be within the unity and integrity of her a military nor uld help defuse the y 1987 Accord proall for devolution of and the framework d.
Calls for ." . in Council'
Lanka Muslim Conraff has in a letter to asa called for the
up of an Interim ster the North and
er states, Your Exf the helpless situaple belonging to all laced in the North
and East as a result of the political vacuum that has been created specially after the dissolution of the North and East Provincial Council.
There is no likelihood of holding elections to the North-East Provincial Council in the near future in view of the on-going war situation and the fact
that thousands of people have deserted
the North and the East.
The non-use of the political powers that have been devolved on the Provincial Council has resulted in a standstill of the Political machinery in so far as the areas of devolved subjects of powers are concerned. The Political machinery cannot be expected to be set in motion without the political representatives.
In addition to facilitating the working of the North East Provincial Council this Interim Council may also help in arriving at a national consensus for an everlasting peace.
In the interests of the well being of all the three communities in the North-East whose day to day life is
affected by the present political
vacuum, it is my duty to bring to your notice the urgent necessity for the immediate establishment of the linterim Political Administration to work the existing Provincial Council Political machinery.
I wish to suggest that the said: administrative council could be constituted with representatives of Political Parties that constituted the North Eastern Provincial Council and representatives of Political parties in Parliament of the North and East.
A seat can be reserved to the PFLT as well to enable them to join this interim administration, if and when they decide so.
'JAFFNA ON THE BRINK
OF STARVATION
TULF MP, Mr. Mavai S. Senathirajah said that beleaguered Jaffna citizens were on the brink of starvation and lining up in large numbers in the coastal areas in an attempt to escape to Tamil Nadu as government troops made headway to the Jaffna Fort killing 150 militants.
Mr. Senathirajah said that poor people could not afford to live in the peninsula. A kilo of sugar costs Rs. 65-100, a kilo of flour Rs. 32.50, a bottle of petrol Rs. 180-200, a bottle of diesel costs Rs. 150-200, a bottle of kerosene Rs. 60-100 and a kilo of rice Rs. 30-40. There is no milk or baby food', he said.
"After imposing curfew in the peninsula on the 22nd of this month, a ship load of food that was sent to Point Pedro was turned back. Lorries and trucks carrying food supplies have also been held in Medawachchiya. The poor Continued on Page 19

Page 8
8 TAMIL TIMES
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Page 9
15 SEPTEMBER 1990
ہ:ت","۔ہیچ۔۔جx
“Northern Situat is Precarious
The following is a 'Situation Report for August 1990' by the Development Centre, Bishop's House, Jaffna, in northern Sri
The situation in Jaffna, Kilinochchi & Mullaithivu districts is very precarious. The squadron of planes, bombers and helicopter gunships has been boosted by the addition of a 4 engined 12 Chinese bomber that carries fragmentation bombs of more than 300 Kgs which tear to pieces the buildings within a radius of quarter of a mile. These bombs have created huge craters of more than 20 feet wide and 10 ft deep in certain places. This huge bomber has been seen in action from the 4th of August 1990.
So many of these fragmentation bombs have been dropped in the Jaffna town areas, destroying houses, property and shops. Bishop's House, St. Patrick's College, Holy Family Convent, HUDEC Centre have been some of the targets of these bombs.
Any vehicle on the move, be they carrying the injured, sick, dying, aged, medical aid, essential provisions, emergency assistance, or passengers, are shot at by the bombers and helis. Boats plying between the islands taking provisions or refugees are targets for the bombers.
The authorities do not understand
that vehicles/b the people to : How could th provisions nee three months supply? What of provisions How are peop their goods fro by the bombin move over to S of their belong blockade of th Pooneryn entro Peninsula caus the public.
The flow of stuffs) should b M. Tons of rice 2000 M. Tonso daily for Jaffna people in Jaff supply at the already starvin to want of milk
Medicine is medical aid is v the base hospit chi and Mullaitl and do not func
O Thermal Power Station at Chunnakam (the only one for the Northern Province-Electricity supply remains cut)
O The Jaffna Railway Station. O The Jaffna Bus Stand. O The Jaffna Market. O The Cathedral Church, Jaffna. O St. Patrick's College, Jaffna. O Central College, Jaffna. O Jaffna University Campus. O St. Johns College Cathedral, Jaffna. O Town Hall, Jaffna. O The Courts Complex, Jaffna. O Jaffna Hindu Ladies College. O Refugee Camp at Colombogam, Jaffna. O Tamil Maha Vidyalayam, Passaiyoor. O St. Antony's Church, Passaiyoor. O St. Antony's College, Kayts. O St. Joseph Church, Kayts. O Thurka Amman Temple, Tellipalai. O Jaffna General (and teaching) Hospital. O Green Memorial Hospital, Manipay. O Moolai Hospital. O Petroleum Corporation Bulk Supply Station, Jaffna. O Sangupiddy & Karinagar Jetties. O Elephant Pass & Poonakary Causeways.
THE DESTRUCTION OF
Destruction and severe damage to property have been cau in Jaffna district. It includes installations and institution in the whole of the District of Jaffna and neighbourhoo Schools, Convents, Hospitals, Nursing Homes, Banks, J have not been spared. A few of these are enumerated belo
O Strangulation munications. O Boat Services stand still. O Moving vehi passengers or bombed. O Numerous hou not mentioned.
Apart from aeria by helicopter gu shelled blindly Palali, 18Km dis Military camp s beyond at blind t People are:- Unable to move : Unable to obtain Starving. In terrible fear o Living in bunker Becoming deaf di der ofbombs. No lights. No post. No banks. No food. No medical facili
Yes, death a where.

O
Jaffna Diocesan Human anka:-
ats are needed to serve tend to various needs.
people stock enough 2d for more than two or then these are in short the mode of transport o the refugee camps? e expected to remove n the houses destroyed s? How can the people ifer areas taking a few ngs? The fuel embargo, e Elephant Pass and
points into the Jaffna e untold difficulties to
essential items (food e in the region of 5000 3000 M. Tons of flour, sugar or 40 lorry loads alone. Only 5% of the na are served by the moment. People are g. Infants are dying due
powder. in short supply and very minimum. Most of als in Jaffna, Kilinochhivu have been bombed tion. s:
AFFNA
ed by aerial bombing s that serve the public d. Places of Worship, tties, Refugee Camps Ա).
of Transport and Com
o Islands off Jaffna at
les whether carrying affording relief are
ses ofevery type-lives
bombing and strafing ships Jaffna town is "om as far away as ance. The Karainagar tells into Kayts and rgets.
bout on daily chores. rovisions.
life.
to earpiercing thun
S.
destruction every
స్టోజ్రా
TAMIL TIMES g
تتشكلتكتلات.
Some medical facilities were made
available at Manipay but that hospital
too was bombed. Hospitals and dispensaries do not have refrigeration facilities to store drugs and perishable medicines. The travel and transport of patients is a very major difficulty.
There is no electricity supply from the main grid. The local power house was able to supply electricity for one hour a day on a revolving basis to the villages in Jaffna. The power house at Chunnakam had been bombed destroying 32000 litres of diesel along with the machinery and the distribution room. No petroleum products (fuel of any type) are allowed into the Peninsula. Hence, no kerosene is available for the water pumps or even the household lamps. A lamp has been made that burns for four hours on four spoonfuls of kerosene. No batteries are allowed to be transported into Jaffna. The torch lights and radios cannot be of use to the people. All facilities and services that depended on electricity have come to a halt including the supply of water to the Jaffna town area.
The situation of the refugee camps is very pathetic. The refugee camps and their surroundings have been bombed very often killing few people. Many are dying of hunger and disease. The overcrowded refugee camps report of infectious diseases particularly diarrhoea and skin ailments. Sanitary and toilet facilities are woefully inadequate. The fortnightly government ration of food had been given only twice during the last two months and that too had not reached all the refugee camps.
The NGOs are stretched to the maximum in providing relief. No water could be supplied to the refugee camps since the bowsers are being bombed. Our visits to the camps are curtailed due to the shortage of fuel and fear of the bombers which attack vehicles. Refugees are on the move due to aerial attacks. There are now over 327,000 persons in 396 refugee camps in the Jaffna district. People are also pouring into Jaffna from the districts of Trinco/ Batticaloa, Kilinochchi and Mullaithivu districts have their own quota of refugees, about 30,000 families. Due to the lack of normal facilities the whole of the Jaffna population could be considered refugees, 87,000 refugees have reached India.
The very sight (hearing of the drones) of an airborne object sends the people into the protective bunkers now seen all over the place. Bunkers and underground rooms area sine qua non for our people.
Artillery, mortar shells, bombs, grenades and gun shots are directed towards the civilian population from al sides and sources.
Bunkers seem to be the only means
Continued On Page 10

Page 10
10 TAMIL TIMES
“An Appeall for Hur by Justice, Peace & Dev
The following is the text of an appeal dated 2 August, mac Mr. A. Santhiapillai, President and Secretary respectively
Commission:-
"The present confrontation between the Sri Lankan Government and the LTTE has lasted already 7 weeks but an end does not appear to be anywhere above the horizon.
In the meantime masses of ordinary innocent peace loving and helpless civilians of all categories are suffering immensely for want of all necessities of life be it food, medicine, shelter or even rest. The Government insists that the is present war is only with the LTTE and not with the Tamil civilians.
The food situation in the North has reached danger level. All the provisions already sent in from Colombo was insufficient for one week even at low rations. Hardly anything is available in the private sector because of the destructions caused by the bombings, fuel embargo and the blockade of Elephant Pass and Pooneryn entry points into the Jaffna Peninsula.
Since all the major Government hospitals are closed down and no transport is available, many sick and injured are forced to resign themselves to Providence.
The aerial bombings that take place quite often here, frequently with 4 to 10 aircraft taking part simultaneously have made a large number of families permanently homeless as over 1000 buildings have already been destroyed or extensively damaged. This bombing purported to be aimed at destroying the bunkers and hiding places of the LTTE around the Dutch Fort is clearly aimless as St. Joseph's home for the aged (over 3 km away from the Fort) and the Jaffna Cathedral Church (over 1/2 km away) and many other places of worship, schools, convents, banks, hospitals and nursing homes are among those hit. One can partly understand the missing of the mark, if there were any, as some of the parcels dropped with great care and from much lower altitude to fall within the large Dutch Fort area are still reported to be falling outside. We cannot understand why. foul smelling, polluting agent sewage matter packed in large fragile containers was dropped from aircraft over the Jaffna town at about 20 points on two consecutive days.
Shelling and bombing are reported to be forms of attack on enemy territory. But here, shells are being directed even into Jaffna town from as far away as Palali, 18 km away causing blind and massive destruction to life and property.
It is clear that over 99% of the bombings and shelling done at such
great expenses to the causing colossal loss t therefore to the Nat negative results from view and great anti the Tamils and even citizens.
The refugee situa been given wide pub are 314430 refugees the Jaffna district al. We therefore app oured Sir, burdened the responsibility of and caring for all citi try, and to all peace lo and others to take ac
1. To declare an im nationally supervisec 2. To arrange to ap impartial and eminer ing foreigners if nece to all parties, as a C study the Ethnic qu the past records an representations by a sons or groups and proposals for a solut past efforts by polit prolonged and not consensus due to var 3. To halt aerial bom random helicopter st 4. To arrange quickl copious supply of foc supplies and other e ities by sea. 5. To ensure safe l
Continued From Pa
of survival during su the sight of a bunk taken as a sign of t support of militant m presence of the bunk mised the civilian ca: the heavy and indisc of the Jaffna penins
Now that curfew since the 22nd of A tricts of Jaffna, Kili laithivu, people on safer areas because can be easy prey helicopter gunships curfew imposed by til leaflets from planes only from the bombe The declaration of licence to kill civilial aircraft. The main ) next to legging is t travel 60 to 90 miles

SS AAS S S qqSq qAMALLAAAA AAALLL SAAAAS ܙܢܖܙܝ- • ܇ܝ ܀ܙܕܓܪ.ܘܐ
ܥܟܬ݂ܺܓ݁ܳܕܤܡܫܐܓ݁ܶܝ܂-sܪܶܫܝܼܡ->=xܕ>.
15 SEPTEMBER 1990
manitarian Ethics”
lopment Commission
e to President R. Premadasa by Rev. Fr. M.E. Pius and of the Jaffna-based Justice, Peace and Development
Government and the citizens and on has produced the war point of pathy among all ther peace loving
ion has already licity. Now there in 352 camps in 1IᏁᎾ. eal to you Honby the Gods with justly governing zens of this counving Sri Lankans tions:
partially or inter
CEASE FIRE.
point a team of t persons (includssary) acceptable 'OMMISSION, to estion both from d from the new ll interested perto make viable ,ion since all the ical parties have brought about a ious reasons. bing, shelling and rafing. y for much more d stuffs, medical ssential commod
and transport of
persons and goods between Colombo and Elephant Pass/Pooneryn.
6. To ensure flow of necessary fuel and prevent haphazard aerial attacks on vehicles. 7. To insist and ensure that even in times of war as at present, HUMANITARIAN ETHICS be adhered to by all parties including the State forces.
E.G.
a. Respect of medical institutions.
b. Temples, Mosques, Churches and refugee camps be treated as sanctuaries.
c. Social and humanitarian institutions such as orphanages, homes for the aged and schools be avoided from attacks.
d. dignity of human life to be carefully respected even at the actual war front.
e. All persons including combatants taken into custody be humanely treated accounted for and their humanitarian rights respected.
f. Avoid taking of persons as hostages for any purpose.
g. Respect the property of civilians by not burning, damaging or stealing them.
h. Facilitating NGOs to perform humanitarian tasks and relief work by ensuring safety of persons and availability of urgent requirements of food, fuel and medicine.
i. Ensure reopening and safety of Pooneryn ferry service and boat services to the Islands off Jaffna.
ge 9 h attacks. Hence, er should not be he presence of or ovement. It is the ers that had minisualties in spite of riminate bombing la. as been declared ugust in the disnochchi and Mulhe move towards of the bombings to the attacking und bombers. The le dropping of the can be supervised 's and helicopters. urfew is an open sat will from the node of transport Le bicycle. People to bring or sell or
procure food to the starved population in the Jaffna Peninsula.
Thousands of bicycles are on the move in and out of the Peninsula day and night through the available entry and exit points. Each bicycle reports back with a bag (sack) of provisions. Even these cyclists have been attacked by helicopter gunships and hundreds have been killed. The will to survive urges them on even after such misadventures. The curfew poses very grave problem, since the transport of food to refugee camps will be restricted.
There are four categories of the affected: a) Those living in camps. b) Refugees living in the premises of private houses. 豪 c) Those without any means of incófine. d) Those unable to buy provisions with
their normal salary.

Page 11
15 SEPTEMBER 1990
THE “EELAM” sтк,
AND ITS VAB
- Amita Shastri —
Previously, the greatest weakness in the Tamil argument for a separate state had been its lack of a viable economic base. The North and East were "peripheral' or "backward' compared to the "forward' southwest of the island. This shortfall seems to have been overcome by the early 1970s. The rural areas of the north and particularly the east had emerged as important paddy producing regions. The smallholders in the Jaffna region had emerged as important producers of chillies and onions. Indeed, the locus of development in agriculture had shifted to the Dry Zone, and by the beginning of the 1970s Trincomalee was recognised as holding the key to the next stage of industrialization, which would be export based.
As the leading and most public proponent of the separate state of Eelam at the time, the Secretary-General of the TULF, A. Amirthalingam, argued in an interview with the author in 1981, the Tamil areas had paddy, fish, and - given suitable policies - various subsidiary crops for consumption and for trade. He asserted that the traditional lack of modern industry in the north and east was no longer an insuperable hurdle to modern statehood. It could be overcome by developing an industrial processing zone at Trincomalee, which would offer avenues for investment to local capital derived from agriculture and existing business and trade. The Tamils were already highly skilled and well entrenched in business and trade, and their talents and capital would be available and able to develop in the new state. Their highly skilled and educated youth would find lucrative employment not only in managing the new industries but also in administering the new state. Foreign capital, foreign technology, and expatriate capital from the substantial Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora in the advanced industrial countries would help to set up not only the industries in the processing zone but also the advanced infrastructure like telecommunications and airports that were required to run a modern state. Most important, the new government would be free to mobilize revenue and direct expenditure for the benefit of the local region and its population. Equally important, it would be free to negotiate with and procure funding from foreign sources as an independent state.
Thus derived from material conditions, the concept of Eelam had developed until it seemed economically viable to its proponents. The scope of support for the establishment of
Eelam, howev region, and th the EP, which tration of Tar least expend funds, formed for the separat mant and vehe bolized by the from Jaffna lov who had the le and political tel proposed state. more 'socialist the new state Backing them were the Tamil ses in the non landlords, bus. sionals who ba had to be push wing to deman consistently so promise sort of they sought to bargaining leve ernment. Desp however, they c licly for and separatist dema their associatio significant segn classes, “minori Tamils in the N in 1977. As in ments, popular welded the var asizing the disc enced as Tamil would be theirs their own.
To a nonpart observer, the c volved various problems, and agated or justif clear geograph the proposed s establishment a national bound Another proble the river heads to supply the proposed state: the central hig ture of ethni another formid of the Sri Lar lived in Sinhal had a signif Sinhalese and Tamils were co tral highlands migration and € between the t was formed, wo tag in the e)

TAMILTIMES 11
ATEGY .ITY
er, varied within the Batticaloa district in had the largest concenils and had seen the ture of government strongholds of support
st cause. Its most ada- .
ment supporters, symmilitants, were drawn er-middle-class youths, ast to lose in economic ms in a struggle for the They also advocated a equalitarian model for LTTE 1983 and 1984). with some ambivalence upper and middle clasth and east: lawyers, nessmen, and profescked the TULF, they 2d by the radical-youth d a separate state and ught to effect a comseparation - in effect, use the threat as a l with the central govite their differences, 'ontinued to speak pubbe identified with the und and did not disown n with the militants. A ment of the Tamil lower ty' castes, and estate Palso supported Eelam all nationalist movediscourse and rhetoric ious groups by emphrimination they experiand the "honour' that in a separate state of
san but knowledgeable onception of Eelam ineconomic and political it is not being propied here. The lack of a cal boundary between cates would make the nd defense of an interury a contentious issue. m was the location of and reservoirs required rrigation needs of the they would lie outside hlands. The intermixc populations posed ble problem. A quarter kan Tamil population se areas, and the EP cant population of Muslims. The estate ncentrated in the cenand in Colombo. The Kchange of populations 'o states, once Eelam ld carry a heavy price tant environment of
ethnic hostility and violence. Whether the minority populations that chose to remain in each of the states could attain justice was another open question. Muslims in the EP were sympathetic to the demand for greater regional autonomy but not sanguine, about acquiring it under the hegemony of Tamils, despite the latter's assurances. Above all, as events have proved, the success of efforts to translate Eelam from ideology to reality would depend on a different and wider set of factors: the relative strengths of the proponents of the concept and their opponent (the Sinhalese-dominated government at Colombo); regional geopolitics; and the larger play of power in the international arena. The Tamils have had strong support from the neighbouring Indian state of Tamil Nadu and from the government of India for their attempts to achieve greater justice and autonomy for the Tamils in Sri Lanka. However, belonging to the international community and sensitive to fissiparous movements within its own borders, India has consistently stopped short of support for a separate state. Under the Indo-Sri Lanka Accord in 1987, India attempted to implement just such a policy and posed a mortal threat to the most militant of the separatist groups (the LTTE) in the process.
What needs to be noted, however, is that the concept of Eelam was in-f * timately rooted in both the development and the discrimination experienced by the region and its population. The development of the region demonstrated to Tamils its potential for economic growth and opportunity. The manner in which that development was being effected, through the instrumentalities of the unitary state, and majority rule consolidated in ethnic terms, made them acutely . aware that they would not be shareholders in this development but would be its casualties. Although their declining stake in the system explains their alienation from it and their acceptance, of the separatist option, the region's perceived potential for development provided a strong, intense motivation to struggle for the goal of a separate State.
The otherwise inexplicable insistence of Tamils on a unifaction of the NP and EP in any scheme becomes understandable once the topography, trends, and productive potential of these regions are understood, intertwined as they have been until now with the concentration of power in the unitary centre. From the Tamil point of view (as articulated primarily by middle-class Jaffna Tamils), much of the EP would have to be administered jointly with the NP if any regionalization of power and status were to be economically viable and safe from tampering by the Sinhalese majority.
Continued On Page 12

Page 12
12 TAM TIMES
Continued From Page 11
Such a unit would assure a viable economic space for the continuation of Tamil language and culture and be significant enough to influence the government at Colombo. Consequently proposals that offered a devolution of authority to the Tamils in the NP but left its long-term relationship with the EP undecided, as the Indo-Sri Lanka Accord did, fell short in the view of core Tamil militants. Any lasting settle
ment on the issue will have to take this
view into account.
To return to the although the region agricultural and "back to the more industrial ly active, and "forwar characteristics and erning this "backwal longer the same. It wa quickening pace of velopment. The situat potential for this reg "forward” one – in wł the 'forward' elite of avenues for employm
ONMAN-HUNTs AND MASS MURDER
- S. Sivasegaram -
The case for human rights and democracy does not altogether reject the struggle against oppression. To condemn violent struggle unconditionally is to condone oppression. This does not, however, mean that violence and armed struggle are ends in themselves. They are justified when they are carried out in the course of achieving social justice by ending oppression, but destruction of human life should be. avoided as far as possible, even in the course of the bloodiest struggle for social justice. People who quote Lenin : and Mao Zedong to justify killings ; often forget that Lenin denounced violence directed against individuals as a means of achieving political ends and , that Mao believed in winning over not only soldiers but also generals who fought for the enemy. Y
It is true that society has to protect / itself against anti-social forces such as criminals, and societies have devised ways of isolating such elements from the mainstream of social life. Imprison- 8 ment, perhaps, is a more humane way o of dealing with criminals than a death if sentence, and the right of a society to 2 protect and defend itself cannot be denied. Of course, what constitutes a crime and what does not are matterski for the society to decide and these 't decisions depend on the nature of the society. Many societies use the death 18 sentence as a deterrent against crime. Although the validity of this practice and the use of other severe punish ments as deterrents is disputable, there are situations in which such practices, although undesirable, are unavoidable. Revolutionary struggles for liberation and social transformation are among such situations. It is nevertheless important to recognize that a revolutionary struggle cannot be the pretext for arbitrary killings and mass executions ordered by a handful of individuals in the name of the cause, however just. It is also true that mistakes are often made in the course of a revolutionary struggle, and
suspicions and fearsal tration and espionage, movements and strug domination lead to the number of innocent events do not necess: the revolutionary cau volutionary struggles mned unconditionally, to criticise these mista age more mistakes an them as the norm. The become particularly in context of the viola rights in Sri Lanka an attitude of some intell the violation of the beings to exist.
I have recently heal the killing of individua the justness of the cau of precedents in the struggles of the pastal of the world, and on wisdom and infallibi ership. There have als to defend political kil crimes by quantitat with criminal acts by rivals. The attempts often, to defend such a much contempt as the to defend, if not more.
Movements for libe transformation justif in terms of the needs whom and in whose d and to whom they existence. If any mov sider itself to be abov masses and its action it forfeits the right t behalf. Past deeds and sacrifices howev justify trampling on t fellow human beings. military action, levy offenders arises in th gles. It is unrealistic to a liberation move volutionary organisat fair, in the context

15 SEPTENBER 1990
"etical matters, itself remained
vard” in relation
zed, economicalsouthwest, the dynamics govlness' were no suffused with a hange and deon provided the on to become a ich members of affna could find nt and mobility
commensurate to their potential and
aspirations. This demonstrated poten
tial for a backward' region to become a "forward' one if freed from unfavourable asymmetries in the instituted structure of power formed a critical element in the process of positive counter-identity formation in the secessionist movement.
(The author is Associate Professor of Political Science, San Francisco State Univ.)
- Courtesy: Lanka Guardian, 15/8/90
S
out enemy infilrivalry between gles for political killing of a large people. Such rily mean that ise and the rehould be condebut the failure kes will encourd even establish se matters have mportant in the tion of human d the unhealthy lectuals towards right of human
"d people defend ls on the basis of ise, on the basis 2 revolutionary ld in other parts the basis of the lity of a leado been attempts lings and other ive comparison
opponents and to explain and, :tions deserve as deeds they seek
ration and social their existence of the masses for efence they fight owe their very ment would conscrutiny by the unquestionable, speak on their owever glorious er great cannot he basic rights of The need to take axes and punish course of strugo deny this right ment or to a reion and even unof the need to
confront a stronger and well armed enemy. The question is not whether a popular movement has the right but how it exercises the right and concerns the way in which the movement expresses the wishes of the masses it claims to represent and the way in which it articulates their just demands and aspiratiohs.
When a movement assumes that consultation with the masses and expressing their wishes are either unnecessary or irrelevent, it shows contempt towards the masses and isolates itself from them. When it not only refuses to listen to their views but also chooses to punish people who fail to obey its commands uncritically, it turns its guns against the masses and, in course of time, becomes the enemy of the masses. Great revolutionary movements the world over have made such mistakes and have harmed themselves and the masses. It is important that we learn from history through studying the mistakes of the past and not by repeating them ourselves.
Taking away a human life is a serious matter. An error of judgment in killing a person can never be put right. This is why all civilised human societies consider unlawful killing to be a criminal offence and punishable in the severest manner. No civilised society can afford to delegate the responsibility of passing death sentences to a handful of individuals simply because they wield political or military power. Death sentences are not treated lightly by legal systems and even the most reactionary of dictatorial regimes seek to give a semblance of legality to death sentences on its opponents. It is therefore tragic that movements which call themselves mass liberation organisations pass sentences in secret and carry them out in the most cowardly fashion. If these movements are genuine mass movements, they have the duty to explain to the masses what the offences of the 'convicted' individuals are and try them in public. Death squads, irrespective of whom they represent, are death squads, and an unlawful killing, however well explained, is homicide. It is therefore important that the masses know who the offenders are, what their offences.
Continued From Page 21
wimba

Page 13
"15 SEPTEMBER 1990
A MNSTY
INTERNATIONAL
ANUPDATE ON HUM
The worldwide human rights organisation, Amnesty Internatior
used by its security forces to suppress armed opposition.
In its latest report issued on 19 September, Al states that th
security forces in recent years in the south and hundreds more
northeast.
Since 1987 the security forces have killed under many guises - death squads that were sometimes directly linked to members
People have been shot in their homes and in captivity, bodies others have been burned, mutilated or moved to other areas to
Entire communities have been attacked in retaliation for oppos sometimes killed, on the basis of anonymous accusations of st
"The government has fuelled this violence over the years by hi the message that those powers could be abused', Amnesty Int
The following is the full text of Amnesty International's Repo
introduction
Grave human rights violations have been committed in Sri Lanka for several years in a context of government measures to suppress armed opposition movements. In the south, a campaign of counter-terror was launched by the security forces from 1987 to 1990 in the face of rising violence by the opposition Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP, People's Liberation Front). The JVP had terrorized political opponents, killing several thousand people, and had murdered the families of members of the security forces. In the government's campaign, thousands more people were extrajudicially executed by the security forces, "disappeared' or were tortured and killed in custody. Security forces operations were conducted by uniformed officers in some cases, but in others men driving unmarked vehicles and wearing civilian clothes - recognised in some instances as security forces personnel - were responsible. Bodies appeared in public places in large numbers, but many could not be identified because they were mutilated, burnt, or had been transported from other areas. The thousands of extrajudicial executions and "disappearances' commited in the south marked an escalation in the use of tactics of terror by the security forces, but the pattern was not new to Sri Lanka. In earlier years in the northeast, where Tamil separatists have waged an armed campaign for independence since the late 1970s, members of the Sri Lankan security forces had also committed hundreds of extrajudicial executions and 'disappearances', and the cycle of violence had escalated. After the Indian Peace Keeping Force took charge of the security of the northeast in July 1987, it too became the subject of complaints about human rights violations, including extrajudicial executions, 'disappearances' and torture. Amnesty International's con
cerns from mid have been publi Extrajudicial Ex ances” and Tortu Index: ASA 3' 1990). This repo International's ci from June 1990.
Although repo ecutions and 'dis; ern Sri Lanka di 1990, they did no tion and death ti forces continued heavy fighting b tween the Liber; Eelam (LTTE) al ity forces after numerous police The LTTE took policemen who h then summarily The full number the LTTE has no is thought to be i of them local po ment forces regai the east, reports of hundreds of ex and 'disappearar mitted by goverr rent reprisal foi LTTE. Hundreds ple fled their hom fied: in early Au 300,000 refugee alone, many mo and fears of food Amnesty Inte the pattern ofwic executions and 'd had been experie recent years is n the northeast. A LTTE have also mitting numerol the killing of hu and Muslim civili
The Northeast
Indian troops h withdrawal from
 

TAMPfi TMĖS 13
SRI LANKA
AN RIGHTS CONCERNS
al has accused the Sri Lankan Government of backing terror tactics
usands of people have "disappeared' or been killed at the hands of ave fallen victim to this violence in the latest wave of repression in the
in uniform, in plainclothes operations attributed to "vigilantes', and in of the ruling United National Party.
have been openly dumped on roadsides, in fields and in rivers, and
avoid identification.
ition violence and many people have been arbitrarily rounded up, and
bversive involvement.
nding the security forces extraordinary powers and in effect sending
rnational said.
t:-
1987 to June 1990 shed in Sri Lanka. ecutions, "Disappearre, 1987 to 1990 (AI 7/21/90, September rt updates Amnesty oncerns in Sri Lanka
rts of extrajudicial exappearances in southminished after March it cease, and intimidahreats by government d. In the northeast roke out in June beation Tigers of Tamil nd government securthe LTTE captured stations in the east. prisoner hundreds of lad surrendered, and killed many of them. of captives killed by it been confirmed but n the hundreds, most licemen. As governned control of areas of began to be received trajudicial executions ces of civilians comment forces in appathe actions of the of thousands of peoes as fighting intensigust there were over in Jaffna District e in other districts, shortages.
national fears that espread extrajudicial sappearances' which nced in the south in w being repeated in
the same time, the een accused of coms abuses, including ndreds of Sinhalese uns in the northeast.
ad completed their Sri Lanka by the end
of March 1990 and, following heavy fighting with rival Tamil groups, the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) took effective control of Northeastern Province. The TTE continued its negotiations with the Government of Sri Lanka on the future administration of the northeast until June, when they captured numerous police stations in the east and took prisoner hundreds of policemen who had surrendered. Tamil policemen among them were released, but many others were killed. Amnesty International condemned these killings.
in May, Amnesty International had called for an immediate halt to incommunicado detention and extrajudicial executions in northeastern Sri Lanka by forces of the LTTE. The organization has also recommended that the International Committee of the Red Cross, which had been active in southern Sri Lanka since October 1989, be granted access to all places of detention in the northeast. LTTE members had reportedly seized dozens of young people, including many former members of the Tamil National Army (TNA), an unofficial force recruited by Tamil groups which opposed the LTTE. The TNA had been backed by the Indian troops and fought the LTTE when the Indian troops began to withdraw from Sri Lanka. The LTTE reportedly screened former TNA members to establish whether they hat volunteered for the TNA or had beer forcibly recruited. Those who had been forcibly recruited were released, but those who could not prove this were reportedly kept in detention centres in private houses or in LTTE bunkers and camps in jungle areas of Mullaitivu District. Other prisoners were held by the LTTE because they were candidates in the February 1989 parliamentary elections, which the LTTE had boycotted. The LTTE did not permit relatives to visit the prisoners, but set
Continued On Page 14

Page 14
14 TAMIL TIMES
Continued From Page 13
up a central office in Jaffna to register
inquiries. 'ኡ
The LTTE also reportedly killed
numerous defenceless members or presumed sympathisers of Tamil groups
which had allied with the IPKF. In
January 1990 a member of the North
eastern Provincial Council for the Sri Lanka Muslim Congress was killed by gunmen - reportedly LTTE memberswho stormed his house at Sammanthurai, Amparai District. A few days later, several other defenceless civilians were reportedly killed by the
LTTE, including five Muslim patients
in Kalmunai hospital.
forces had regained V LTTE, they reported several defenceless c. bodies were found on those killed were a
spector named Anth wife and son. Simil week of June, Sri I - police personnel rep
Arti" people in Vellavelli V
District, including whose body they bur
Hundreds of extraj and "disappearances committed by Sri forces in late June the east. In Kalmun
The LTTE also reportedly tooks were reportedly det
several people hostage, demanding large ransom payments from relatives, some of whom live abroad. It also reportedly carried out summary execu
and then "disappear who "disappeared' achelvam, John Pat and the chairperson
tions of purported common criminals"- Citizen's Committi
and held its own tribunals to adjudicate disputes. Amnesty International urged that no sentences be passed by any body other tham a regularly constituted court in proceedings which accord with internationally recognized judicial guarantees for fair trial.
After the capture of police stations in the east in June, heavy fighting ensued between government forces and the LTTE, and government forces began to regain control of major towns in the area, except on the Jaffna peninsula. In several cases, reports indicated that the LTTE had vacated the towns before government forces arrived, and moved into the surrounding scrub jungle.
At the time of writing, the LTTE remained in control of the Jaffna peninsula, where about 200 members of the Sri Lanka army and police force remained besieged in Jaffna Fort. The area around Jaffna Fort, in particular, was subject to regular bombing by the security forces. Although government security forces were present in other areas of the northeast, these areas were not firmly under the control of one side or the other. Other armed groups were also active in some areas of the east, including armed Muslim groups in the east area who reportedly killed dozens of Tamil civilians in August, apparently in retaliation for the murder of Muslims by the LTTE. According to reports, these armed Muslim groups acted in some instances with the acquiescence of the Sri Lankan security forces.
There were reports of numerous abuses on both sides as the conflict continued: the Sri Lankan press gave great prominence to the murder of Muslim and Sinhalese civilians by the LTTE, but reports from other sources indicated that the security forces also committed widespread grave human rights violations. Victims of security forces violations were mostly young Tamil men. Shortly after government
Kanapathipillai, an Other residents of t portedly shot in their Mr. Thiyagarajah. . ports, on 22 and 23 J had rounded up m between the ages of them up blindfolded a to death with bayone thrown the bodies int Tamil residents of t them on fire. Over found in one burnt-ou nai, including the bo Chandrikumar, who detained by the Another six bodies w the Kalmunai hospit body of a Tamil pol earlier been captured the LTTE. On 8 July burning bodies wer roadside in Batticalo north of Kalmunai. bodies believed to be judicial executions forces were also rep other locations in the and early July, inclu nai, Sammanthurai Karativu. Local pe that they were una tives who had 'disapp detained by the se quiries from the mi have yielded no resul of prisoners held in been made known.
The LTTE also re civilians: as they wi munai they reporte Muslim residents w give them money. T these men – name Salim Khan, Rahimr not known.
Members of a T. opposes the LTTE : government security ing LTTE suspects a
The government

- :*winkerswes* * * - . - عۃ ،حہ . 0,-ع;x-عح
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vuniya from the shot and killed ilians. About 15 he road. Among ublic health iny Pillai and his rly, in the last unka Army and rtedly killed 15 llage, Batticaloa
school teacher t.
dicial executions were reportedly ankan security nd early July in i, over 70 people ined by soldiers d'. Among those vere Mr. Amurrick Asirwathan of the Kalmunai e, Pandiyarum his two sons. le town Were rehomes, including According to reune 1990 soldiers en in Kalmunai 16 and 30, lined und stabbed them s. They had then o shops owned by he town and set
30 bodies were it shop in Kalmudy of 23-year-old had earlier been security forces. ere found outside al, including the iceman who had I and released by 1990 a further six e found on the a, about 20 miles Scores of burnt victims of extraby the security ortedly found in east in late June ling at Veeramu, Nintavur and ople complained ble to trace relaeared' after being 'urity forces: inlitary authorities ts, and the names custody have not
portedly abducted hdrew from Kallly abducted five to had refused to le whereabouts of Latif, Farloon,
and Akram — is
mil group which eportedly aid the forces in identifytcheckpoints.
repeatedly stated
that security forces action was intended to destroy the LTTE alone, and was not an assault against the Tamil population as a whole. The government also said, however, that it would deal with the LTTE in the same manner as it had dealt with the armed opposition group, the JVP in the south. Although the government had claimed that its forces killed only in combat in the south during the campaign against the JVP, thousands of defenceless people were killed or 'disappeared following widespread arbitrary detentions by the security forces. This pattern appears to be being repeated in the northeast in the fight against the LTTE: reports indicate that hundreds of defenceless civilians may have been victims of extrajudicial execution or 'disappearance' by the security forces. Indeed, the government appears to condone the summary killing of suspected LTTE members instead of arresting them, establishing their guilt by bringing them to trial and imposing punishments according to law. Thus, Minister of State for Defence, Ranjan Wijeratne, told parliament on 7 August 1990 that "the government will show no mercy to these Tamil terrorists, criminals who do not deserve to live' (quoted by Associated Press, 7 August 1990). Amnesty International fears that such statements may encourage the security forces to commit extrajudicial executions with a sense of impunity.
The South
Compared to the period from August 1989 to February 1990, there have been significantly fewer reports of extrajudicial executions and 'disappearances' in southern Sri Lanka, but these violations have not been halted. In addition, intimidation continued, and death threats were made to several people, including members of parliament. There were few reports of killings by the armed opposition group, the Janatha Vim u kthi Peranuna (JVP, People's Liberation Front), but in late July the murder of 15 people in Matara District was attributed to the JVP. According to press reports, most of the victims belonged to three families whose members had been active in a village "vigilance committee', which reported on suspected subversives to the security forces.
Among those reported to have "disappeared' after being detained by government forces was H.D. Lalith Padmasiri (also known as Lal). According to reports, he was abducted by unknown people at Madurankuliya in Puttalam District on the morning of 30 June 1990, and then seen at Negombo police statlion. However, the police denied that he was in their custody and his present whereabouts are unknown. Another 'disappearance' reported from Negombo District in June was that of Seneviratne Dissanayake. His elder

Page 15
; 15 SEPTEMBER 1990
brother had been detained as he returned home from the FreeTrade Zone on 27 June 1990 and taken blindfolded, to his mother's home. She, too, was detained, blindfolded and asked about the whereabouts of her younger son, Seneviratne Dissanayake. The mother and elderson were then taken in a van to Seneviratne Dissanayake's home, and he too was detained. All three were reportedly held in a two-storey house. The mother and elder son were released, but the whereabouts of Seneviratne Dissanayake since then is not known.
Hundreds of young Tamil men were detained in Colombo and other southern districts in June after the LTTE attacked police stations in the east. The young men were screened for connections with the LTTE. Some were released, and others remained in detention. Several, however, have reportedly "disappeared'. Letchumanan Sivakumaran was reportedly detained at the Jinthupitiya Murugan Temple in Colombo on 22 June 1990 by members of the Sri Lanka Army. Inquiries to establish his whereabouts yielded no results. Thuraiappah Surendran was taken from his home in Chilaw at 12.45pm on 23 June 1990 by a group of men in blue uniforms driving a vehicle without number plates. They are believed to be from the security forces. His whereabouts have also not been established, despite inquiries. Balasunderam Dayaleswaran was detained by army personnel at Palampoddaru on 19 June 1990 at about 10.15am, when he was returning to Colombo from Trincomalee. His relatives have also not been able to establish his whereabouts.
Reports of possible extrajudicial executions also continued to be received. On 8 July the Sri Lanka Government was reported to have issued shoot-onsight orders to police in the south in response to fears of a renewal of subversive activity by the JVP. Scores of bodies of victims of suspected extrajudicial executions had been found dumped in southern Sri Lanka during the preceding two weeks, and there were fears that the shoot-on-sight orders would result in further extrajudicial executions of unarmed civilians, as had been the case in the past. Some of the bodies were reportedly found close to army camps which had been closed when troops were moved to the northeast, including at Diyagama in Gampaha District, Bandaragama in Kalutara District, Embilipitiya in Ratnapura District and Suriyawewa in Habantota District. On 19 July 1990, Minister of State for Defence, Ranjan Wijeratne, responded to parliamentarians' complaints that dead bodies were again being found dumped in various places by saying that officersin-charge of police stations would in future be held responsible for bodies found in their areas of jurisdiction.
Nevertheless, appear: for ex people suspect judicial execut liatta, Hamba gust.
Death threa ceived by opp ment. Five opp liament com Parliamentary had received homes and b another memb plained that h threatening to of parliament,
Detentions o people who we tage against t continued to be or early July, Kurunegala D: recently forme rents and Fall Disappeared w police, who den produced befor be released.
By 10 July 1 surrendered to render Commit 1990, and it wa ple could contin committee until that date, they der to the sec July, it was ann of detainees h Regulations ag insufficient evi continued deter because the go newal of JVP at
There were c safety of priso continuing deat treatment. Acco in mid-June th mittee of the Re a detention cer District, and exa detainees, 45 of have been ill-tr ICRC delegatio have said that centre the detai Seventy out of centre had been months (Sunda July 1990). Sin also reportedly death in custody ple, two of a detained by poli trict were repor place of arrest a station.
There was lit on the criminal security forces crimes, and no outlined in Sri Executions, Dis

TAMIL TIMES 15
bodies continued to mple, the bodies of six to be victims of extraons were found in Betota District, in Au
s continued to be renents of the governsition members of parained to the InterJnion in May that they eath threats at their telephone. In July, r of parliament comhad received a letter ill six named members including himself.
JVP suspects, and of e effectively held hose actions of relatives, reported. In late June I.M. Herath Banda, strict President of the Organization of Pamily Members of the as detained by Maho landed that his son be Herath Banda would
990, 1,474 people had the Independent Surtee set up in late April s announced that peoue surrendering to the 20 August 1990. After would have to surrenurity forces. Later in ounced that the release eld under Emergency ainst whom there was lence to justify their tion would be halted, Ternment feared a retivity in the south.
Intinuing fears for the hers, with reports of hs in custody and illrding to a press report, e International Comd Cross (ICRC) visited tre in Naula, Matale mined about 60 Tamil whom were found to ated. The head of the was also reported to ifter their visit to the nees had been beaten. 200 prisoners at the in detention for over 6 Times, Colombo, 29 alese prisoners were ictims of torture and In August, for examroup of three people e in Moneragala Dis2dly killed: one at the d the other at a police
e further information :ases pending against
officers for various of the pending cases Lanka. Extrajudicial ppearances’ and Tor
ture, 1987 to 1990 have yet been completed. Eight of the 14 police officers arrested in connection with the murder in February 1990 of 12 prisoners in Nittambuwa were discharged on 27 July 1990 on the instruction of the Attorney General. The Attorney General held that there was insufficient evidence to bring charges against them. The remaining six officers were remanded to custody, and at the time. of writing it was not known if charges would be brought against them.
The difficulties faced by Richard de Zoysa's mother, Dr. Manorani Saravanamuttu, in seeking justice for the murder of her som, illustrate the continuing intimidation facing those who attempt to press cases against members of the security forces, and the difficulties involved in seeking redress. The Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP) named by Dr. Saravanamuttu as having been among those who abducted her son in her presence in February 1990 remained on active duty at the time of writing, and charges had not yet been brought against him. Richard de Zoysa was abducted from his home in the early morning on 18 February by six armed men believed to have included police officers. His naked body was retrieved from the sea by fishermen the next day. His mother insisted on pursuing a full inquiry into his murder: on 16 May an anonymous death threat was sent to her, and on 1 June her lawyer, Batty Weerakoon, also received a death threat. Batty Weerakoon then accepted from President Premadasa the offer of armed guards to protect him. On the morning of 22 June two of his police guards themselves received threats addressed to them by name, warning them to leave Batty Weerakoon or face death. The fact that Batty Weerakoon had received police protection had been publicized, but the names of the officers guarding him had not been published. They remained on duty as his guards despite the threats. At the time of writing the inquiry into Richard de Zoysa's death had been subject to several delays. The police had failed to carry out the magistrate's order to produce the SSP in court on 11 June, and the case was postponed. The magistrate referred the case to the Attorney General to decide whether there was sufficient evidence available for the SSP to be arrested. A decision had not been reached at the time of writing.
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Page 16
16 TAMIL TIMES
Continued From Page 4 the North-East and outside it as well, the Government is faced with a tremendous food bill of rupees 30 million a day to meet the needs of the refugee population. Added to the refugees in the country an estimated one hundred thousand are said to be sheltering in Tamil Nadu.
India has offered funding for three main refugee camps in Mannar Island, Madhu Church Camp and Vavuniya. The intention is not only to draw in refugees fleeing the war-torn region but to induce Sri Lankans who have fled to India to return. Refugees returning from India seems the most unlikely scenario in the face of the on-going conflict.
In spite of news reports in the local press of infighting in the LTTE leadership and disillusionment among the rankers, the forces are going to find it tough going stepping into Tiger territory in the North. Defence Secretary General Cyril Ranatunge told newsmen on the day the troops moved into . the Fort that opening the Jaffna Hos- : pital to the civilian population was the Government's first priority.
Wresting control of the hospital complex from the LTTE is going to be quite a feat considering that it is a heavily built up area and could lead to civilian casualties although most of the civilians have fled the area.
Meanwhile as the fighting continues the political parties conference has been discussing the devolution of powers to provincial councils. The Sri Lanka Freedom Party accused of being, with the exception of a few, a party essentially of Sinhala Buddhist chauvinists has in response to a questionnaire on devolution sent out by Secretary to the All Party Conference, Baradman Weerakoon, prepared its own document. According to SLFP sources the party is not against substantial autonomy to the Northern Province but feels very strongly that the Eastern Province must be looked at differently in view of its multi-ethnic composition. It is also the view that the south does not need provincial councils arguing that it is duplicity of work and unnecessary expense.
It is on the controversial issue of the permanent merger of the North-East Provinces that both the United National Party and the main opposition Sri Lanka Freedom Party will demand that a referendum be held, a position that all the Tamil parties argue against.
A special meeting of the All Party Conference scheduled for October 7 presided over by President Premadasa will review the recommendations of the party leaders committee on the devolution package.
What seems significant is not a political solution worked on paper but effectively implemented on the ground.
Teenagi
JAFFINA (AP) -- As t] helicopter gunships city, people ran for "Heli, heli’ to warn th Minutes later, high guns opened up from thudded into walls, s remaining glass pan off tile roofs. Then ca Ten aircraft dropped nsely populated Jaffr debris of already dev,
Despite the inter Lankan air force att held by Tamil rebels casualties. "We are Sathasivan Krishna newspaper seller. "T because we go into house has a trench C but no roof.
In the three mon rebels resumed their government, Jaffna, people, has come un bombardment. Its ma open square in the ce is a heap of rubble terminal. The railway of twisted lines and 1,200-bed Jaffna ho shot full of bullets. M corridors, and stray ca unkempt lawn.
The Tamil Tiger gu the town say the killed at least 4,000 Jaffna Peninsula anc north-eastern Sri ] fighting resumed in officials say there h casualties, but refuse No one is sure of the
Ponniah Balasingh Jaffna's municipal
mates damage to h than £2m. "I don't k get people to pick up he said. "The situatic
Perhaps for the
seven-year war for Tamil homeland, turning against the
the streets with auto people express rese ordered around by
Others fear extortio
Yogaratnam Yogi leaders of the Tamil are levied on those the city for safer ar. have relatives wor want each family t sovereigns (about £. part of the war effo
Residents said th in the form of je collected from every

15 SEPTEMBER 1990
Gunmen and Gunships Rule in Jaffna
shadows of two omed over the cover shouting ir neighbours. calibre machine the sky, Bullets attered the few ; and ricocheted ne the bombers. bombs over del, powdering the stated houses. ity of the Sri ck on the town there were few like rats', said murthy, 60, a ey canʼt kill us he ground'. His ug into its floor,
ths since Tamil war against the a town of 60,000 der almost daily in market, on an ntre of the town, . So is the bus station is a mass 2oncrete and the spital is empty, ongrels lie in the attle graze on the
1errillas who hold government has civilians in the other districts of anka since the June. Military ave been civilian to give a number. real toll. am, a member of orporation, estiis town at more now how we can their lives again, n is hopeless'.
irst time in the an independent ublic opinion is rebels who patrol natic rifles. Many ntment at being teenaged cadres.
one of the senior Tigers, says taxes iho wish to leave as and those who ing abroad. “We give us two gold 35)', he said. "It is
amount, usually ellery, has been amily, whether or
not they want to leave or receive money from abroad. The Tigers issue receipts, which allow residents to obtain passes for moving around the city, the residents said. People who don't have passes are often shot, they said.
Besides the attacks, lives are imperilled by a drastic shortage of food. Mr. Yogi said at least 150 to 200 Tigers had died in the fighting, including at least 100 in the bid to capture Jaffna Fort, the only government garrison in the town. The government says about 1,000 rebels have been killed.
More than 200 policemen and soldiers are stranded in the star-shaped seventeenth-century garrison, subsisting on occasional air drops of food. Around the fort is a no man's land. The air force has levelled buildings facing the fort to deprive the rebels of cover for an advance.
Two hundred yards away, the Tiger fighters are dug into a maze of underground bunkers. By the government's count, Tiger snipers have picked off 13 of the fort's defenders, who numbered 250 before the siege.
Before 11 June, the Tamil war had killed at least 11,000 people. Jaffna, the largest town on the northern peninsula of the same name, is part of the region the Tamils claim as their homeland.
It has always been at the forefront of the fighting between Sri Lanka's Tamil minority and the Sinhalese who control the government and army. The Tamils allege discrimination by the Sinhalese, who comprise 75 per cent of the population.
(The author is a Sri Lankan journalist who recently Slipped into the Jaffna Peninsula, virtually cut off from the outside world. He wishes to remain атопутоиs.)
- The Independent, 13.9.90
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Page 17
15 SEPTEMBER 1990
Tamils Flee Acr Palk Strait to Sa
TALAIMANNAR (Sri Lanka), Aug. 27
Thousands of Tamils have fled by boat to south India from this island village off Sri Lanka's northwest coast to escape fighting between Tamil separatist rebels and security forces.
3. "We have no choice. If we do not leave, we can get caught in crossfire', said farmer Muthusamy Nadarajah, 45, who with his family hitched a ride sto the coast on a tractor from his home in Maharambaikulam, 130 km (80 miles) away.
蜀
of Tamils who trek to Talaimannar, a fishing village at the western end of Mannar Island, 360 km (225 miles) from Colombo, awaiting the first boat ithat will take them to safety in south India.
They must take to the water twice.
The bridge linking Mannar Island to the mainland was blasted by rebels, and refugees who reach the coast must be ferried across.
A further 28 km (18 mile) stretch of water separates Talaimannar from India’s southern Tamil Nadu state whose 50 million Tamils have close ties with Sri Lankan Tamils.
The strait is patrolled by Sri Lankan navy gunships but refugee boats are usually able to cross without being
: Nadarajah and his family are typical
Refugees say t sed by the Sri rebels and prefer has set up specia
C.K. Gariyali, tion in Tamil N Tamils have fle south Indian stal She said the s pected the figure was embarking o to build tempora them. The state rowed some of th from the Indian a The exodus be Tigers of Tamil sumed their sepa The Tigers, mo
guerrilla groups,
the north and eas million Tamil mir
In June, they peace talks with launched a campa attacks on police
More than 2,5 men and civilian fighting so far.
Boatmen taking strait charge 600 per adult and noth
spotted. w Some boats hav
ium asha ON THE BOMBING OF JAFFNA'S MODEMARK
By
Professor Kopan Mahadeva We built a market for our people twenty years ago, Now we hear that Lanka's Air Force has made it an eye sor We built it with our will and sweat and love for Jaffna's lot -- Not only with stone and sand, cement mix and strong steel
How would we feel? How should we feel? How would an
We spent three long years in heat and dust and damp atmo, Fought successive politicians and extortionists there. Weslept at site on sweaty nights on wooden planks with fle, In rancid air for days and months near dirty lavatories.
Still we built it. Still we did it.
We built it with our will and sweat and love for Jaffna's lot - Not only with stone and sand, cement mix and strong steel Now we hear that Lanka's Air Force has made it an eye sor The market we built for our own people twenty years ago.
How would we feel? How should we feel? How would an
And now, how WOuld. We fee
It had stalls and halls, shrine rooms and terrazzo corridors, Shady trees, show cases and solid-made satin doors, Water points from o'erhead tanks, modern Conveniences, Electric lamps, vehicle parks and temple frontages.
That is just how we built it. That is how sound we built it.
MITE built it with our will and sweat and love for Jaffna's lot Not only with stone and sand, cement mix and strong steel I Now we hear that Lanka's Air Force has made it an eye sor The temple we built for our own people twenty years ago.
How would we feel? How should we feel? How would an)

Dss
ety
ey have been harasankan army or the to go to India which camps for them.
lirector of rehabilitadu, has said 87.000 Sri Lanka to the
Y
ate government exo rise to 100,000 and a crash programme y accommodation for overnment had bor20,000 tents needed rmy, she added.
gan after Liberation i
Eelam guerrillas reatist revolt in June.
st powerful of Tamil want a homeland in t for the island's 2.5 ority community. broke off year-long the government and ign of violence with stations.
00 rebels, security s have died in the
refugees across the rupees (15 dollars).
ning for children. e been seized by the
ET JULY 1990
AY
Dds.
One feel?
phere;
'S -
Dds.
Dne feel?
ds.
ne feel? . . . . .
TAMIL TIMES 7
navy while two sank with most of their passengers, islanders say. Two hun
dred refugees have been detained by the navy.
Village residents say the boats carrying about 25 people each leave after dark to avoid navy patrols. About 70 to 100 vessels leave at a time.
Tiger gunmen, who virtually control the 32-km (20 mile) long Mannar island where Talaimannar village is located, ensure that there is no overloading.
Boatmen say the journey takes about three to four hours but could be longer if there are gunboats, "There are certain routes the navy ships can't use because of their size', said one man who declined to be named.
On tractors, in small vans or bullock carts, refugees embark upon their journey to Talaimannar from as far away as Vavuniya to the southeast on the mainland, Killinochchi to the north, and Mullaitivu on the northeast coast.
Many rest at a Roman Catholic church in Madhu village halfway between Vavuniya and the coast. On a recent Friday night there were abouệ 5,000 people heading for Mannar.
Once on Mannar rebels help t refugees thread their way across the island along roads they know to be safe.
An army camp is located about five
km (three miles) away from Talaiman
nar but troops find it difficult to get near because the roads have been
mined or booby-trapped.
Suresh, the 26-year-old Tigers' poli tical leader for Mannar, said the Tigers would not lay down their arms if the government wanted a ceasefire.
"We are prepared to consider an
unconditional ceasefire with interna
tional mediation', he said, surrounded by heavily armed men.
The rebel leader spoke at a small camp on Mannar island as about 25 young armed men, between 14 years and 17 years, prepared to go on a mission.
The Colombo government has said a ceasefire and renewed talks were possible only if the rebels surrendered their arms. - Reuter.
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Page 19
15 SEPTEMBER 1990
Continued From Page 7
people are starving now, said Mr. Senathirajah.
He claimed that aerial bombing has
2.destroyed several buildings in Jaffna.
A minimum of 22 to 25 people die daily due to the bombings.
"I blame both the LTTE and the
government forces for the situation in i the North and East. There's no point in
fighting. They should have talked and sorted out their problems, he said.
"Both opposition parties and the gov*ernment are not interested in meeting 'the aspirations of the Tamil people. They are just shouting about everything and doing nothing, he added.
"I am against the involvement of ipolitical parties in setting up of homeguard units. They only bring in people with political motives to the front.
He appealed to the government
forces to give security to all the people.
including Tamils.
NGO's Prevented from Supplying Food Relief
The military action conducted in the name of destroying the LTTE, in reality, amounts to actions directed to idestroy the Tamil speaking people in
the North.
In this situation, it is shocking that teven Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) have been deprived of the opportunity of supplying the suffering people with foodstuffs and medicines, states a press release by the Joint Plantation Trade Union Committee, tomprising 9 plantation sector trade unions. i The release added: The Joint Plantation Trade Union Committee views with grave concern the situation that
has arisen as a result of the war raging
in the North and East.
Since the war erupted in June thousands of innocent people have lost their lives. Hundreds of thousands of people in the North and East have been transformed into miserable refugees. Nearly 100,000 people have fled to India seeking refuge for themselves. Due to the prevailing famine conditions in the North and East people are confronted with starvation and death. In effect, the government's ban on people carrying foodstuffs and even essential items such as candles and boxes of matches has caused great distress among the people.
It is sad to state that due to indiscriminate aerial bombing even schools, temples, churches and hospitals have suffered destruction. Some towns have been razed to the ground.
The JPTUC calls upon both the government and the LTTE to ceasefire immediately and put an end to destruction of people and property.
The JPTUC also calls upon the gov
- ernment to stop
bombing in the
people with food and permit the
the people with evolve a perma ethnic problems rights of the Tar
INDAN PN END TO
N Indian Prime M Pratap Singh, t Sri Lankan Gove ly cease hostilitie tions to end the
A worried Mr. deeply concernec tion of conflict iu last few days'.
He said repo mentioned indis heavily populate causing civilian C ing thousands hc
"As a result, from the island increased and is den on India”, M Lankan Governm steps to stem th into neighbourin Out.
The Indian Pri appeal for an im hostilities in Sri I negotiations. A d ethnic conflict ( military means o
He further said through a dialo legitimate Tamil cerns within th Lanka's unity an
Thonda Govt.-L.
CWC President a Industrial Devel who met Tamil M. Karunanidhi has told the latte was really inter people should t peace.
According to th Hindu newspape speaking as the not as the Sri Rural Industriall reporters after hi. Minister that Tal ence Tigers into were 100,000 La and the LTTE mi
He had said th Lanka governme) initiative for tall worked together somebody who wa

TAMILTIMES 19
immediately the aerial North and supply the stuffs and medicines N.G.O.s to also assist ssential items, and to ment solution to the oy granting the basic il speaking peoples.
CALLS FOR HOSTILITIES
TEW DELHI, Aug. 27 inister, Vishwanath day appealed to the rnment to immediates and resume negotiathnic conflict.
Singh said: “We are at the sharp escalaSri Lanka over the
rts from Sri Lanka criminate attacks on 'd areas, which are asualties and rendermeless.
the flow of refugees into Tamil Nadu has placing a heavy burr. Singh added. "The ent must take urgent le inflow of refugees g India', he pointed
me Minister said: "We mediate cessation of
anka and a return to
urable solution to the annot be found by r violence'.
: "It can only be found gue for meeting the aspirations and cone framework of Sri d integrity'.
man Urges TTE Talks
ind Minister of Rural opment Thondaman Nadu Chief Minister
recently in Madras r that somebody who ested in the Tamil ake steps to bring
le Madras based The rs, Mr. Thondaman CWC President and Lankan Minister for Development had told talks with the Chief mil Nadu could influtalks because there nkan refugees there ght also reciprocate. e LTTE and the Sri it would not take the 's because they had and failed. Hence s really interested in
the Tamil people should take steps to bring peace.
The Hindu further said:
Mr Thondaman said the LTTE should stop the fighting which it started and begin negotiations with the Sri Lankan Government to find a solution to the Tamils' problem. If the LTTE stops the fighting tomorrow, the Sri Lankan Government also has no other alternative to stop it and then there will be cessation of hostilities', he said. It was much better that the LTTE
start the negotiations with the Sri
Lankan President, Mr. Premadasa 'instead of outside agencies coming in and getting involved'.
He said he told Mr. Karunanidhi that somebody interested should take the initiative to solve the problem.
About the Chief Minister's appeal that the Government of India should act as the "neutral guarantor' to forge a ceasefire between the LTTE and Colombo and help start negotiations between them, Mr. Thondaman said."The Government of India failed last time. Under the Indo Sri Lankan Agreement, they undertook to disarm the LTTE but they could not. Mr. Karunanidhi might have asked for the Indian initiative because as a State Government he could not directly deal with the problem.
STOP AID TO SRI LANKA PLEATO WORLD BANK
The following is the text of a letter
addressed to the President of the World Bank, Mr. Barber Conable, by
the Tamil Welfare and Human Rights Committee of the U.S.A.:-
“We are writing to draw your immediate attention the dire plight of Tamils in Sri Lanka. The Government’s so-called “all-out war” against the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) rebel group, which was exploited by the government until March 1990 to oust the Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF), has become an undeclared war against the entire Tamil population in Sri Lanka. The Christian Science Monitor of June 20 headlined its report on the situation "Government declares war on Tamils", and opined that "Sri Lanka descends into what may be the most costly war in the country's history'.
The Government’s hunt for the Tigers (LTTE) in the northeast province over the last four weeks has claimed more than 1200 innocent Tamil civilian lives, rendered an estimated 80,000 homeless and caused about 600,000 to become refugees in their own land, and forcing them to overflow into neighbouring South India.
The Sri Lankan Government has : been at great pains to keep international opinion on its side, and has
Continued On Page 21

Page 20
20 TAMIL TIMES ------
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Page 21
15 SEPTEMBER 1990
Continued From Page 19
prevented foreign news reporters from visiting the northeast province, inundating the international media with falsified reports. Please find attached, excerpts from the news reports of a handful of daring reporters who slipped through the ban.
- Naval and aerial bombardment of civilian targets, including houses, shops, schools, churches and hospitals;
- Strafing from Bell Helicopter Gun Boats;
- Burning and destruction of entire villages and towns,
- Blockade of food, fuel and medical supplies reaching northeast province;
Public records detail the occurrence of successive Government assaults on Tamil population, repeated destruction of private property and economic assets belonging to Tamils, and the use of a scorched earth policy over the last 13 years. The ruthless army attack on the Tamils since June 12 has the dimensions of a final assault, boasting some armors as well as artillery. Minister Ranjan Wijeratne is on record declaring:
"Our military machinery is committed to that. . . It will take time to get to the north as we want to consolidate in
the east first. . . . a cease fire. . . W to the end. . . T lot... We will wherever they a moment we har replenish our stc sary. Parliament Rs.5 Billion (U buying arms. We quired without as Funds are fung doubt that func donors are used to defense expenditl or US $200 milliol supplementary b special arms purc If donors do not that scarce aid ful genocide of a vir munity in the co destruction of pri munity assets, in stitutions in the no country's general
Even on human donor community sibility to stop this by an irrespon: Please prevail on t. to act now. We app to Sri Lanka.”
Continued From Page 12
are, and have a say in the punishment before, and not after, punishment is meted out. To kill first and explain later is the style of terrorism and not of a mass movement.
Movements involved in armed struggle make mistakes and such mistakes do not entirely disqualify them from being mass movements. It is only when they fail to rectify their mistakes, refuse to recognise mistakes as mistakes and reject the authority of the masses that they cease to be mass movements. It is therefore the duty of all genuine supporters of the revolutionary cause or the ideal of liberation to point out mistakes when they are made and criticise what deserves to be criticised. Failure to do so is bad, but to cover up mistakes and find excuses and explanations for recurrent mistakes is worse. It is very sad when intelligent and well-informed individuals, the so-called intellectuals, indulge in such folly.
We have witnessed several instances when crimes, including mass killings, by organisations have been denied by those concerned, even when the public knows who was responsible and when intellectuals pretend not to know or are very generous with the benefit of the doubt. When evidence mounts against the offenders, the very intellectuals who admitted that the action was wrong rush to rationalise. When explanations fail to convince the public they resort to justification on the basis
of precedents an comparisons with als and by the ene to see selective kill able than mass recognise that bol are motivated by ti desire, namely to il terrorise into subm to conform.
We also know sympathisers who many ways, inclu political support, t admit in private th which they suppo rious mistakes but cate their views concerned. This m. sense of loyalty ( such weakness o individual does not guilt. These indivic for whose benefitt. one organisation o ing to point out should be pointe exercising their I denying its exister
My plea to intell ters of organisatio terror against indiv SeS as a meanS O authority is that th be ignorant when t do not seek to defe and that they do support to any orga not take their crit One never knows

TAMIL TIMES 21
nere is no question of en we fight we fight e winner takes the Irchase arms from 'e available, at the 2 enough. We will cks whenever necesas already set aside $125 Million) for will raise funds recing for aid”. ible and there is no s provided by the meet the high direct re (Rupees 8 billion in 1989) and for the udget required for
3Se. cry halt, it is certain nds will expedite the ulent minority comuntry, facilitate the vate property, comrastructure and inrtheast and ruin the 2conomy. itarian grounds the has a moral responcarnage committed sible government. he donor community eal to you to stop aid
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The closing date for applications is 26th October 1990.
d on the basis of criminal acts by rivmy. Some even tend ings as more forgivkillings, and fail to h kinds of killings he one and the same ntimidate critics and ission those who fail
of supporters and have contributed in ding material and ) organisations and at the organisation rted has made serefuse to communio the organisation ly be due to a false r simply fear, but 1 the part of the exempt them from uals fail the society ey claim to support the other by refuswrongs when they out and by not oral authority by e.
!ctuals and suppors which indulge in duals and the masestablishing their y do not pretend to ey know, that they ud the indefensible pt give unqualified lisation which cancism into account. hen the bullet for
which one paid his money, the murderer whom one defended and the killing which one condoned in silence will be the bullet which took the life, the killer who carried the gun and the slaying of someone near and dear. *
S. Sivasegaram.
London SW20.
İTTİHIER IBSTROİKLERİNİ İPALMİYERA
The Tamil Crisis in Sri Lanka - An Inside Account
By Rajan Hoole Department of Mathematics
Daya Somasundaram Department of Psychiatry
K. Sritharan Department of Mathematics
Rajani Thiranagama Department of Anatomy
University of Jaffna Jaffna Sri Lanka
Published by The Sri Lanka Studies Institute
Claremont, CA., U.S.A.
Obtainable from: Sri Lanka Studies Institute
46/48 East Street Bromley, Kent BR1 1 OW
& Tamil Times Ltd. £10 per copy incl. postage.

Page 22
22 TAMIL TIMES
NEWS ROUND-UP
O FIERCE FIGHTING between LTTE cadres and government forces broke out on 21 August when LTTE cadres mounted an attack on the Mullaitivu army camp. A constable was killed and a soldier injured during a mortar attack by Tigers on the Jaffna Fort.
O THE CLAIM by the LTTE that the Tamil militant group Eelam
Revolutionary Organisation (EROS) and its political wing Eelavar Democratic Front (EDF) have been dissolved by General Secretary, V. Balakumar, and that he had asked all members to join the LTTE, have been strenuously denied by leading members of these - organisations in Colombo, Madras and London. Most of the Members of Parliament belonging to EROS/EDF who had resigned their seats have reportedly gone abroad in fear of their physical security and sought asylum. O SEVEN BUSES proceeding from Batticaloa to Colombo were stopped near Punnanai Army Camp on 21 August and 32 male and 3 women (undergraduates) passengers were taken into custody and detained by soldiers. Government forces surrounded the villages of Mandoor, Sunnamalai and Navithan Veli in Batticaloa district and took away about 300 persons to the army camp. Security forces claimed that nine alleged Tigers were killed in two separate clashes in the Batticaloa district on 21 August. In the first incident 7 were shot dead by soldiers in Unnichi and in the other two were killed at Wel laweli. O AIR LANKA stands to lose an estimated Rs. 398 million in revenue if a prolonged Gulf crisis prevents resumption of flights to Kuwait for the rest of 1990 and the country's tourism also will be severely affected, according to the airline. It also warned that a further increase in air fares was inevitable due to rising fuel prices caused by the Gulf crisis. OINA POLICE raid on an alleged JVP/DJV camp at Delwala in the Galle area on 22 August, Fernando Mahathaya alias Indika Mahathaya, a suspected provincial JVP leader and four others were killed. O AIRFORCE FIGHTER planes and helicopter gunships bombed and strafed many parts of the Jaffna town on 22 August in what appeared to be the prelude to a major assault in the north by government forces. Two army battalions numbering about 2000 men were airlifted or ferried by ships to Karainagar naval base on Kayts island from where the forces were expected to launch a major offensive in the Jaffna area in a bid to break the Tiger siege of the Fort army camp. The Jaffna peninsula was also subjected to an indefinite round-the-clock 24 hour curfew. As the airforce began heavy bombing at 7 am, the navy opened artillery fire directed at the town from the sea. Although the government claimed that the attacks were directed at Tiger positions, bombing was so indiscriminate that it resulted in several civilian deaths and innumerable buildings and homes being reduced to rubble. A few hours before the bombing, leaflets were dropped from the air announcing an indefinite curfew and warning the 850,000 civilians that government forces would commence air strikes.
OMNISTER of State for Defence, Ranjan Wijeratne told a meeting of Colombo diplomats on 22 August that 526 service personnel had been killed and 457 were missing, presumed killed, since fighting broke out between government forces and the LTTE. O KAYTS ISLAND, situated 4 miles off Jaffna town had been cleared and was now in the hands of the troops, Ranjan Wijeratine told a press conference in Colombo on 23 August. Several bodies were seen burning near Alles Gardens in Trincomalee. O FIVE HUNDRED Muslim youths have been recruited as home guards' to provide security to Muslims in the Kalmunai area. 150 youths are already being trained in the handling of firearms at the Kalmunai Zahira College grounds. O TULF MP for Batticaloa District, Govindan Karunakaran, told parliament on 23 August that what was going on was a war against the Tamil people. At Valachchenai 15 youths were taken from a refugee camp and brutally murdered. There were Muslim organisations which were armed. They had killed innocent Tamils in retaliation against the massacre at Kattankudy. About 140 Tamils including women and children were brutally killed. Even refugee camps were attacked. After the Eeravur massacre of Muslims, Tamils were killed at Weeramunai. Seven patients at the Eravur hospital were also murdered. The Tamil community could not be blamed for the atrocities of one particular Tamil group. It was so with the Muslim community. There were Muslim terrorists committing atrocities and the entire Muslim community could not be blamed for that. O SLFP MP, Jeyaraj Fernandopulle told parliament on 23 August that the killing of innocent youth had started again in the south.
t

*5 SEPTEMBER"ggo
By were being abducted, tortured and killed. Their bodies were ng burnt. The 'tyre pyres' had started again. Now bodies of ith tortured and killed were being taken in boats and dumped the sea. All that was being done with the knowledge of the ernment.
rHE GOVERNMENT had committed a grave error in bombing as in the north as that would make the Tamil people and the rld community back the LTTE; and there was no assurance that bombs would not hit civilian targets like hospitals and temples; tead of protecting the innocent Tamils, the government were alising the civilian population for the actions of the LTTE, sudeva Nanayakkara, MP belonging to the USA said in rliament on 23 August.
THE GOVERNMENT of India is deeply anguished at reports of iscriminate aerial attacks on heavily populated areas of Jaffna, oreign ministry spokesman said on 24 August. He said "large mbers of civilian casualties had resulted from the Colombo fernment's attacks on Jaffna, a major centre of its minority mil population. A boat in which several Tamil refugees were 2ing to south India from Colombothurai in Jaffna came under ack from airforce helicopters. A number of persons died in the ack including Akilan (22), Selliah Supothiran (14), Nagalingam iyagarajah (25) and Kalimuthu Surenthirani (13). Seven perns including Alphonsus (3), Rajakone Bharat (3), Kunamani (24) d Selliah Kavithas (8) were seriously wounded.
THE CLAIM by the government that its forces had killed about 50 Tiger rebels riding motorcycles and bicycles defying the curfew , Kopay in northern Jaffna on 24 August in air attacks was romptly denied by the LTTE as a pure invention. However, ports indicate an undisclosed number of civilians falling victims strafing by helicopter gunships. The government admitted that ur soldiers were killed and 16 wounded by landmines in their Atempted push towards the peninsula from Kayts. An LTTE atement charged that "indiscriminate aerial and naval bombardent on heavily populated areas in the whole of the Jaffna eninsula was claiming many civilian lives'. Manthikai and Moolai Ospitals in the heart of the peninsula were hit. In bombing perations in Jaffna: 9 persons were injured at Punnalikadduvan; lankovan (30) was killed in Chunnakam; Jaffna Central College audent Krishnapillai Satheeskanthan (20) was killed.
) TIGERS ATTACKED and damaged a transformer at Vantharanoolai near the Batticaloa university on 24 August. Both Parathan and Elephant Pass army camps in northern Sri Lanka came nder Tiger attack with mortars and 'Arul' grenades. At Kallar in he Amparai district, a Tiger leader identified as Thiyagarajah was illed when troops opened fire at an alleged LTTE group. } SECURITY SOURCES claimed that Ibrahim alias Khalid, a key :ader of the LTTE in the eastern province and who figured in the overnment-LTTE talks, was killed in an operation by the Special ask Force at Addalaichanai on 25 August.
N. SR KANTH leader of the Tamil militant group TELO told ewspapers on 25 August that people in the north-eastern areas ere starving without food. At Vantharamoolai in Batticaloa, a ther and mother had given poison seed powder to their children nd consumed it themselves because they did not have any food to ive their children. Two of the children had died but the couple and he child had survived. At Kilinochchi also there had been a similar ase where three children had been given poison by their parents ue to lack of food.
GOVERNMENT SOURCES claimed that security forces had dvanced from Kayts and got control of the island of Mandativu on 5 August. At Mandativu, which has a population of 7000 people eavily armed troops with cover provided by Israeli-made Dvora anboats moved into the SLBC transmitting station building. efore gaining control of the islands of Kayts and Mandaitivu, here was fierce fighting between government forces and the LTTE ith casualties on both sides. The LTTE conceded that 47 of their len were killed in the two-day fighting at Mandaitivu. The LTTE 2cused the government forces of using the people as human hields as they advanced. ) A.C.S. Hameed, the Justice Minister, who participated on behalf f the government in negotiations with the LTTE before the ghting broke out in June, in an interview datelined 26 August rith the New York Times, said that despite the hostilities, the overnment was ever ready to reopen talks with the LTTE at any me even while the fighting continued. "The government of 'resident Premadasa had already granted the rebels de facto rule n the north-east, pending regional elections, in the hope of ending he seven-year-old civil war. With the LTTE effectively controlling very aspect of life in the north and east, the million-dollar question , why did they choose to break away from the talks and take to rms?... The Tigers' decision to resume fighting was suicidal for

Page 23
15 SEPTEMBER 1990
> **Ssgressw- en M. ~szaemonar----- ---- SqqLS SSqSSqqSSSS SSqqSS qqSSqqqqS Sq qSSSL SS SS
the Tamil cause. Who made the blunder? As far as they are concerned, it is suicidal. As far as Sri Lanka is concerned, it is a national tragedy, because this is the closest that we had come during the last half century to resolve this problem...The biggest battle that the LTTE faces today is to explain to its own rank and file why it has led them into this present crisis. Why, when they had everything on a platter, they threw it away? It's absolutely like throwing the bread into the waters hoping it will come back buttered'. OSECURITY SOURCES claimed that advancing troops from Kayts towards Jaffna had killed about 86 alleged Tigers at Allapiddy on 26 August. However, reports from there indicated that most of those killed were civilians. In consolidating the takeover of the islands of Kayts and Mandativu, several civilians were hacked to death by service personnel. In the Pothuvil district in the east, the whereabouts of about 150 persons taken away by security forces remain unknown.
O AS GOVERNMENT forces were reported to be making slow progress towards the Jaffna Fort, the Tigers in a diversionary move attacked and tightened their grip around the Mullaitivu army camp where three soldiers were killed and 30 more were injured on 27 August. Nine service personnel injured in the course of Tiger attacks on the Jaffna Fort were evacuated by a helicopter. Government sources claimed that 19 Tigers among whom there were 16 Muslims in the Amparai district surrendered with their weapons to the security forces. Two persons were killed and five more were injured when government forces opened fire upon a passenger bus proceeding from Eravur to Polonnaruwa. In Kalmunai in the east, a person identified as Kopalan Poopalappillai was hacked to death.
O FERCE CLASHES occurred between LTTE cadres and government forces on 28 August in the Central Camp area in Amparai. Army sources said that one soldier was killed and five were injured and 20 LTTE men were killed in the encounter. Helicopter gunships were brought into action to beat back the attacking LTTE cadres. In the Jaffna peninsula, the advance of government forces to the Fort was hampered by mines, ambushes and the blowing up of the Pannai causeway which connects the mainland with Kayts. Frustrated in their progress, the forces in Mandaitivu used artillery to shell buildings in mainland Jaffna. When forces tried to spread out into the Vasavilan and Kadduvan areas accompanied by aerial bombardment, one airforce man was killed and four others injured in a fierce clash with LTTE cadres. The attack on the Mullaitivu army camp by the LTTE continued unabated.
OTHE LTTE stepped up its assault on the Mullaitivu army camp on 29 August and as the fighting raged an unofficial curfew was imposed in the area. To relieve the nearly besieged soldiers in the camp, the airforce carried out extensive bombing operations around the area of the camp. Government sources stated that five soldiers were killed and 40 more were wounded in the continuing clashes. The Eravur police station in Batticaloa district came under heavy attack by the LTTE. O APOLITICAL solution is the only course of action left to settle the present conflict between the government and the LTTE. The present war is one of the government's own making, the Leader of the Opposition, Mrs. S. Bandaranaike said at a public meeting held on 29 August. O FORTY-TWO injured security service personnel were evacuated on 30 August by two helicopters from Mullaitivu military camp which had been subjected to continuous attack by the LTTE for several days. At a press conference in Colombo, State Minister for Defence Ranjan Wijeratne claimed that at Mandativu island off Jaffna, government forces had killed around 150 LTTE men, captured 30 including two 12 and 14 year old boys and recovered a large quantity of unused 'Johnny mines'. In Kangainodai, Palamunai and Manmunai in the eastern province 6 mosques and 46 houses were set on fire by an unidentified gang.
O THE LARGE refugee camp which has been set up at the Tamil Maha Vidyalaya in Vavuniya would be taking in people from other areas; about 5000 would be taken for a start; it can be expanded, and now tents were being put up and food would be distributed free, Defence Secretary, General Cyril Ranatunga told a press conference in Colombo on 30 August. O THE 1991 BUDGET has been estimated at Rs.139 billion with a record deficit of Rs.67 billion which would have to be financed by loans, foreign aid and other borrowing sources. The recurrent expenditure in the budget to be presented on October 12 is estimated at Rs.75.5 billion while capital spending is Rs.63.5 billion. The total revenue is expected to be Rs.72 billion. O NEARLY 100,000 Muslims are trapped in the Mannar and Trincomalee districts of the northern and eastern provinces unable

TAMIL TIMES 23
NEWS ROUND-UP
to leave the areas of violence, a survey conducted by the Federation of Assemblies of Muslim Youth revealed. O FOUR SOLDIERS were killed and five others wounded in the Mandativu island on 31 August in a landmine explosion. One of the soldiers had stepped on an LTTE's 'Johnny mine'. Two Tamil women were killed and two other women were injured in an attack by an unidentified armed gang at Eravur in the Eastern province. Rajkumar, a boy aged 3 was killed when a shell fired by government forces hit his residence. In Muthur in the Trincomalee district, 126 people were reported killed and 81 persons were reported to have been taken into custody by government forces.
O A PROPOSAL for the formation of an interim administration in the North-East to ensure that adequate food and medical supplies reached the people and help the government in its effort to restore peace and law and order in the region had been placed before President Premadasa by the Eelam National Democratic Liberation Front (ENDLF). The ENDLF had stated that the proposed interim administration should consist of representatives of the EPRLF, ENDLF, UNP and SLMC which were the four political parties which had representation in the now defunct North-East Provincial Council. O A HIGH LEVEL investigation has been launched to ascertain whether an official in the Surveyor General's Department had knowingly allowed certain sensitive maps which are not normally sold to the public to fall into the hands of the LTTE recently. These maps had apparently helped the LTTE to accurately hit security forces' targets from distances with their field guns as the maps gave detailed descriptions of the terrain of the North-East province including relative elevations of the land.
O THE MULLATIVU, Kilinochchi Vavuniya and Mannar districts were placed under indefinite curfew on 1 September as fighting raged between government forces and the LTTE in many parts of the North-East. The public in the four districts were warned that curfew violators would be treated as "terrorists' and accordingly dealt with. Five soldiers were killed on the Allai-Kantalai road in the Trincomalee district when troops were ambushed by the Tigers. The government claimed that its forces had killed about 20 Tigers in the Mullaitivu area. Two mosques at Kangayanodai, two mosques at Palamunai and one mosque at Mannmunai in the Kalmunai area were set on fire.
O A DIPLOMAT attached to the Sri Lanka mission in Madras was recently detained for a day on the grounds of 'suspicious movements' by south Indian police and later released. A similar incident involving another Sri Lanka diplomat took place a week earlier.
O GOVERNMENT sources claimed that over ten Tigers were killed on 2 September when the army ambushed a group of about 100 Tigers at Palampatar in Trincomalee district. Following security forces reinforcements of two battalions which were landed on the Mullaitivu beach, government claimed that the LTTE which had laid siege and mounted attacks for several days previously had been beaten back with severe casualties. Because of the violence and continuous bombing operations, most of the people of Mullaitivu had fled the area. A cache of arms, army-type uniforms, photographs of police and army personnel, a typewriter, two duplicating machines and some fuse wire were recovered in a raid on an alleged JVP hideout in the jungles of Dabarelola in the Galle district; the haul was buried in two huge plastic barrels.
O GOVERNMENT sources claimed that four LTTE men were killed and another captured by a police party at Kannimaduwa off Galenbidunuwewa. In a gun battle lasting fifteen minutes 3 were shot dead and another climbed a tree, swallowed poison and died. Selladurai, aged 15 was captured. "Home Guards' operating in the Trincomalee area are reported to be engaged in committing widespread atrocities including chasing away Tamils, looting, and setting fire to their houses, shooting and hacking people. Muslim Home Guards from Eravur have resorted to looting and setting fire to Tamil homes in Chenkaladi.
O MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT Vasudeva Nanayakkara told parliament on 5 September that in the south of the island some persons who had voluntarily surrendered to the Independent Surrender Committee had been abducted and killed. Some surrendees had been released after inquiry and upon certain conditions and directed to a certain place to sign documents and on their way they had been abducted and killed. There was reasonable suspicion that there were shady groups operating with the knowledge of the government.

Page 24
24 TAM TIMES
READERS FORUM
DUTY OF TAMILS LIVING OVERSEAS
SOMETAMILS left Sri Lanka due to racial riots to better their prospects while many others left for safety because of the armed conflict and are able to lead a happier life and better their prospects. They were able to leave the Island because they had the facilities and the means and are now helped by the continuing conflict. Recently some had sought refuge in India whilst some others are moving from one place to another in the Tamil areas. These unfortunate kith and kin who did not have the facilities and the
means to come and those who did not. want to come due to patriotism are
suffering without food, clothing, medicine and satisfactory shelter. Some of them including teenaged girls and boys have taken up arms and are fighting with capsules in their necks because they too want to better their prospects without being subservient to the Sinhalese or sacrifice their lives for the betterment of the incoming generation.
In 1930 the Tamils of the Northern and Eastern provinces totally boycotted the parliament as the Donoughmore Constitution did not provide adequate safeguards to the minority Tamils. But from 1935 the Tamils got divided and contested the parliamentary seats. All of them promised to win the rights of the Tamils. But a small group of Tamil MPs joined with the Sinhala majority party and ruled the entire Tamils when the majority of the Tamil MPs sat in the opposition. Thus the basic rights of the Tamils were gradually withdrawn.
But the late Mr. S.J.V. Chelvanayagam, Q.C., refused to co-operate with the Sinhalese unless the rights of the Tamils given in the Bandar
anayake and Chelvanayagam pact (B/
C pact) was implemented. Having failed to achieve this, the late Mr. S.J.V. Chelvanayagam, Q.C., as the leader of the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF) and the father of the Tamil nation was responsible for passing the Eelam resolution and stated categorically in parliament that there is no other way but for the Tamil youths to take up arms to win their rights.
Accordingly the youths have taken up arms and even these youths are divided in the same way that our past MPs were divided proving that we are not united and fit to rule ourselves. This division will once again encourage the Sinhalese to rule the Tamils according to their whims and fancies.
The Tamil youths
and exist as a force port of the Tamil peo the bounden duty ( sink his or her differ the Tamil Tigers (L proved to the world terrorists but they force representing th Tamils in Sri Lank able, to hold the Sin ground as they are support from the Ta Northern province. I do our utmost to savi from the aerial bo successful, will not ( living to them but a Lankan Tamils livi proud of having a Ta holiday trips and p retirement.
... Vicars Moor Lane,
London N21. . .
إن } : " . A RETRA
IN REPLY to Sach S (Tamil Times Augu like to apologize to h tentional) misrepres his status in the U.S
I am grateful to some of the points earlier letter of Mal ticular I agreee with ers of Socials could e motive of the functi tination' of any profi E
Russel Square, London WC1.
DIVISI THE ONLY S
WHEN I READ Je suasive article enti East: Getting Back (Tamil Times, Aug. new attitude of m think of one of the g 1919 silent movie
Charlie Chaplin. Th played by Chaplin trick to earn his liv street urchin who w food and without s suggests to the urc house windows in
by pelting with ston
the urchin makes
enters and receives requests. Both th urchin work street and at the end of
same meal from from window repai
Since independe politicians, populist intellectuals (with few determined li Edmund Samarak
 

15 SEPTEMBER 1990
annot be divided without the supe. Therefore it is
every Tamil to hces and support TE). They have hat they are not re a democratic ethnic minority . Now they are ala army in the etting maximum mil people in the it not our duty to our kith and kin mbing, which if nly give a better so enable the Sri g overseas to be Tmil Homeland for rmanent stay in
Muththu
OTION
ri Kantha's letter st 1990), I would im for any (uninntation I made of .A. him for clarifying he raised in his rch 1990. In parhim that Organizxplicitly state the ons and the ‘dests made.
3. Skantha Kumar
ON, SOLUTION
han Perera’s pertled, "The Northto Fundamentals' L990) calling for 'a nd, I could only ags featured in the The Kid, starring e tramp character employs a dirty ng. He befriends a as also starving for helter. The tramp nin to damage the he neighborhoods s. After that when is exit, the tramp the window-repair tramp and the by street like this he day, share the he money earned
S. !ce, the Sinhalese , journalists, and he exception of a tist leaders like ody and Wilmot
Perera) have employed Chaplin's “window-repair trick' to earn their living at the expense of the Tamils. Only gullibles will deny this mistreatment. This is one important reason why the younger generation of Tamils have opted to fight for a separate state. It would be wise for Jehan Perera to understand this simple fact, rather than asserting with charming verbiage that "Division would be no solution'. Many Tamils (especially of the younger generation) irrespective of whether they support the LTTE or not, have come to believe that "Division is the only solution'.
Jehan Perera writes unabashedly that 'setting up a separate state can violate the human rights of other people. Especially so in Sri Lanka which, is a very small country'. This halftruth that Sri Lanka is a “very small
country is one that has been employed
by agents of colonialism and is a distortion of contemporary geographical facts. At present there are at least 38 recognized countries and territories with areas smaller than Eelam (consisting of a joint North-East province of Sri Lanka). The total area of Eelam would be 18,323 sq.km. Those countries smaller than Eelam (in decreasing size) are as follows:
Fiji, Swaziland, Kuwait (until recent annexation by Iraq), Vanuatu, Jamaica, Bahamas, Gambia, Lebanon, Quatar, Cyprus, Brunei, Trinidad & Tobago, Cape Verde, Western Samoa, Luxembourg, Comoros, Mauritius, Hongkong, Tonga, Sao Tome & Principe, Dominica, St. Lucia, Bahrain,
Singapore, Andorra, Barbados,
Seychelles, St.Kitts-Nevis, St.Vincent, Grenada, Malta, Maldives, AntiguaBarbuda, Liechtenstein, San Marino, Tuvalu, Nauru and Monaco. Nineteen
of these countries (represented in the United Nations) are each made up of
territory, not larger than that of the district of Jaffna, which has a land area of 983.6 sq.km. What is interesting is also the fact that San Marino, Tuvalu, Nauru and Monaco are in the same size range of the eight inhabited islands which cluster around the south-western region of the Jaffna peninsula.
I wish to challenge Jehan Perera to show a State which originated in the past two centuries without violating "the human rights of other people'. USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India, Indonesia, China, Philippines, South Africa, Israel, Peru, Mexico, Brazil - all were established in their present form by violating the human rights of many powerless ethnic groups. So, what is this nonsense of hypothetical idealism of nonviolation of the "human rights of other people'?
Sachi Sri Kantha
3300 Henry Avenue, Philadelphia Pa. 19219. U.S.A.

Page 25
15 SEPTEMBER 1990
CLASSIFIED ADS
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Charge for Box No. 3. (Wat 15% extra) repayment essential he Advertisement Manage
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MATRIMONAL
Sister seeks partner for Jaffna Hindu sister, innocent divorcee, 33, 5'4", permanent visa, working in civil service. M 421 c/o Tamil Times.
Jaffna Tamil Hindu parents seek groom for very successful accountant daughter, 30, resident in U.K. since 1977. Reply with full details to M 422 C/o Tamil Times.
Jaffna Hindu parents seek educated, good looking bride for son, 30, tall, handsome, teetotaller, non-smoker, holding sober simple values, M.Sc. Engineering (USA). Family details, horoscope essential M423 co Tamil Times.
Jaffna Hindu parents seek suitably qualified partner for attractive daughter, 24, M.Sc., employed as Computer Systems Analyst in U.S.A. Please reply with horoscope, details to M 424 C/o Tamil Times.
Jaffna Hindu seeks groom for sister, 38, slim. Librarian Sri Lanka University, B.A. (Hons), M.L.I.S. M 425 c/o Tamil Times.
Jaffna Hindu parents wish to hear from decent man for attractive graduate, single, daughter in Australia, 34 plus, innocent divorCee, no children involved. M 426 C/o Tamil Times.
Jaffna Hindu parents seek professionally qualified partner, 32-36, preferably doctor for doctor daughter in U.K. Reply with details. M 427 C/o Tamil Times.
WEDDING BELLS
Michelle Ananthi daughter of Mr & Mrs S. Anantharajah of 40 Sunnybank Road, Potters Bar, Herts., U.K. and grand-daughter of the late B.K. Somasundram of Jaffna College, and Daryn ingrey of Hatfield on 28.7.90 at Evangelical Free Church, Potters Bar.
Vasuki daughter of Mr & Mrs N. Vamadevan of 1 Sterry Drive, Thames Ditton, Surrey, U.K. and Viranjan son of Dr & Mrs N.T. de Silva of 11 Caroline Close, Croydon, Surrey on 31.8.90 at Wandsworth Town Hall, London SW18.
Ananthi daughter of Mr & Mrs R. Paskaralingam of 70/2 Ward Place, Colombo 7 and Kumar son of Mr & Mrs S. Sivayogan of 8 Oakham Drive, Bromley, Kent, U.K. on
1.9.90 at The Mount Royal Hotel, London W1.
Shivajini daughter of Mr & Mrs K. Gnanasoorian of 72 King Edward Road, London E17 and Gunasekaram son of Mr & Mrs G. Jeyasingam of Old Dispensary Lane, Vaddukoddai, Sri Lanka on 2.9.90 at Highgate Murugan Temple, London N6. Anasuyah daughter of Mr & Mrs M. Perairavan Of 714 - 20 Wade Avenue, Toronto, Canada and Vignarajah son of Dr & Mrs V.S. Ahamparam of Rani Mahal, Kokuvil West, Sri Lanka on 3.990 at the Sri Ganesha Temple, Ontario, Canada.
Maharani (Jaya) d Sivananthan of 6 Ja Malaysia and Dr R. late Mr & Mrs K. Siti 14.9.90 at the Kal. Kuala Lumpur, Mala
OBT
Satkunam of Zesco National Paper Corp. Zambia on 16th Augu took place in Lusak leaves behind his be jaratnam (Australia),
Uma and Radha, S. brothers Dr Natkunan
Mayuran (4), belove Sachithananthan pas Circumstances by drc Marriage Registry on Road, London SW1 :6346.
NME
in loving memory of formerly of M/S Samu Chi, on the first ann away on 3.9.89.
Sadly missed and for beloved wife Kamale janani; mother Mrs S brothers Sivarajan (Ne lan, Sivakanthan anc Sahathevan (all of U. Sussex Way, London
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

në
TAM TIMES 25
ghter of Mr & Mrs S. 1 1/15, Petaling Jaya, sundaram Son of the nbalan of Colombo on landapam, Brickfields, 'la,
ARIES
Zambia, formerly of ration passed away in it 1990. The Cremation on 18th August. He oved mother Mr.S Rawife Malini, daughters n-in-law Rajagobalan, and Nitkunam.
d Son of Mr & Mrs R. sed away under tragic wning near the Morden 29.8.90 — 44 FO untain 7 OHQ. Tel: O81 767
|ORIAM
vakumaran (Bhojan) ! & Sons Ltd., Kilinochersary of his passing
ly remembered by his ?bika; daughter Sivaagnanam (U.K.);
Zealand), Dr SivapaSister Mrs Sivatharini ) - 54 Byworth Walk,
194BN.
Mayilvaganam Vellummayilum J.P. U.M., Attorney-at-law and former Chairman, Urban Council, Point Pedro, Sri Lanka whose first anniversary of his passing away was on 31.8.90. Sadly missed and fondly remembered by his loving wife, children Thayanandarajah (U.K.), Nithiyanandarajah (New Zealand), Mayilvaganarajah (U.K.), Chitra. Anandarajah, Krishnarajah and Jayanthi (All of Sri Lanka); in-laws, friends and a host of constituents - 68b Grove Road, North Finchley,
Orndor N13 9DY.
ln - loving memory of Mrs Rasamalar Kandiah, Retired teacher, Mahajana College, Tellippalai, Sri Lanka, on the second anniversary of her passing away on 26th of September 1988. Sadly missed and lovingly remembered by her children Sriskandarajah, Sriravikulan, Varathadchayani, Vanithamany, Verlkumar, Thuilasibai and Anandanadesan; daughters-in-law Chandra, Theiva, Ranjani and Bhavani; sons-in-law Kanagabhavan, Sri Murugadas and Manohara and grand-children Thanuja, Shusha, Narayani, Thileepa, Shankar, Parthipan, Narmatha, Kapilan and Mayooran.
in Loving Memory of Our Beloved Dad T.J. Rajaratnam
Born 23.1.1919
Called to Rest: 15.9.81
Our hearts still ache with . . . Sadness
Dad, the secret tears still flow For what it meant to lose you Dad No one will ever know
Sadly missed and lovingly remembered by your wife Arul, children Rohini, Renuka, Rajiv, sons-in-law Vijayan, Sriharan; grand-children Vasi, Ravi, Prathi, Jayanthy, Ajit.

Page 26
26 TAM TIMES
IN MEMORAM (ctd)
First Anniversary of the passing away of Mrs Gnanapooranam (Nesamma) Sivasampoe of Kokuvil, wife of the late Mr Sivasampoe of Malaysian Railways, on 23rd September 1989. Sadly missed and fondly remembered by her loving children Sivanesan, Sivapakiam, Sivasundaram, Sivagnanamah, Sivaniah & Sivasothy; sons-in-law Nagalingam, Ponnambalam & Thambirajah; daughters-inlaw Rani, Sarojini & Ranji and grandchildren Bama, Ranjit, Bala, Sutha, Viji; Suresh, Suganthi, Dushi, Aruna, Ara, Balamurugan, Devaki, Sumathi, Vasuki, Gnanathepan, Prashanthi; Vathani, Easan, Kalyani, Meera and lehan. — 9 Fallow Close, Retford, Notis. DN22 7SP, U.K.
ჯჯ
in loving memory of Mrs Sinnathangam Suppiah (Retired Head Mistress, Arunasalam Vidyasalai, Alaveddy Sri Lanka) on the second anniversary of her passing away on 2O8.88. Sadly missed and lovingly remembered by her children Sivathasan and Sivarupavathy, daughter-in-law Sivadevi; son-in-law Sivasubramaniam and grand-children Kuhan, Nirupa, Meera, and Parathan - 303 Hempstead Road, Gillingham, Kent M37 3CRJ.
cheliah Kandasamy elecommunication Engineer, who passed away on 11.9.88.
Everlasting in our thoughts Your compassion, love and patience We never lose the ones we love Their cherished thoughts live on. Sadly missed and fondly remembered by your everloving wife Pushparani; children Ranjini, Ranjan, Mohan and Raji; son-in-law Nadesan; daughters-in-law Rajarajeswari & Ranjini, brother Karthigesan, sisters Ponmalar and Kanthimathy; nieces and nephews - 58 Magowar Road, Girraween, NSW 2145, AuStralia.
FORTHCOMING
October 27.00pm Course ism commences at Britis Centre, 72 King Edward F (Tel: 081 531 6435). For Singha 071 636 8000 Ext 8.00pm Veena Recital by dran at Purcell Room, S London SE1. For tickets
Oct. 8 7.30pm. Folk Dance Himachal Pradesh at Bh van, 4a Castletown Road, For invitations contact Gc Board, London. Oct. 12 8.OOpm Bharata f Yadagudde at the Old B High Street, Barnet, Her O81 449 0048. Oct. 14 3.00-6,00pm Të organised by Campaign A ism in Sri Lanka at ChurC Royce Road, Manchester
Private Tu
Tuition Available Mathematics, O/A Level Homes visited London/F 62675.
For some years now Natyam among the ne Lankan Tamilis in Londo an expanse that more schools have cropped ul, of this suggestive art of n lin spite of bubbling entht of parents, lack of Suita cient feachers deter mar through a full course of arangetram stage. ln til extraordinary experienc satisfying Arangetram by mini Rajagopal before a Battersea Grand Hall, Ol Young Sharmini fortu tage of a fully qualified Ragini Rajagopal, who her initial training under ate, Shantha Ponnudu under the guidance of first generation product highly rated dance mac around the globe with hi conducting Nattuvangat Sharmini drew our in her immaculate angasu. ments while progressin gam consisting of th. Jatiswaram, Vanam, P
oppa
 
 
 
 
 
 

EVENTS 2 On Saivite Hinduh Sava Siddhanta Road, London E17. detailS. Tel: Marie 3840. Arumugam Balenouth Bank Centre, el 07 928 8800. es by a troupe from aratiya Vidya BhaLondon W14 9H1. ovt. of India Tourist
Watiyam by Prakash 'ull Arts Centre, 68 ts. For details Tel:
mil Cultural Event gainst State Terrorh of the Ascension, , U.K.
lition
Pure/Applied
, Physics O Level.
Reading. Tel: O635
5 Senggo
iéfia
Tamil Dance Drama
The Laxmi Arts Centre School of Dancing presents a Tamil Dance Drama titled 'Kuravanchi' at the University of London Logan Hall, 20 Bedford Way, London WC1 on 2010.90 at 7.00pm. Kuravanchi belongs to Ancient Tamil Dramatic Literature and was revived by Rukmanidevi of Kalashetra nearly fifty years ago. The dance drama is being produced and choreographed by Mrs Selvaluxmi Ramakrishnan, For further details Tel 081 422 7251. A Scene from the dance drama appears below.
interest in Bharata w generation of Sri has gained in Such and more week-end imparting rudiments ovements and nine. siasm and eagerness le venues and profi/ students from going training to reach the is climate it was an to watch a nOst tMvelve-year-old Sharlarge audience in the
19th August last.
ately has the advanguru in her mother, as had the benefit of a Kalakshetra gradui, and later finishing dyar Lakshmanan, a of Kalakshetra and a tro, presently trotting magical Thattukkazhi for star performers. rest and attention by lharm and agile movethrough a full Maartraditional Alarippu, fam and Tillana, with
ease and understanding. The pieces were studiously chosen and appropriately blended with Tamil Varnam and Padans, and a snake charmer's dance, a la Swannanuki, thrown in for popular consumption. A novel feature in the repertoire was a piece from the Panchamoorthi Kauthuvam, a ritualistic Tandava movement used by temple dancers during Nataraja festival at the start of stepping into the prahara. This Composition was by a veteran scholar Gangainnuthu Pillai of Tirunelveli, the eighteenth century author of the treatise Natanathi Vadya Ranjanam, and a forebear of the famous Tanjore Quartet. Although in many of the compartments of Natya, Shamini showed her technical grasp, a further understanding and perfection of the narrative Sanchari Bhava should make hera full blown artiste. A couple of long school holidays in India and under an able abhinayam teacher should do her good. She has all the signs of a star.
While Ragini Rajagopal handled her cymbals with precision and tonic variations (somewhat withdrawn, one could notice), the most effective Contribution for the Overal brilliance of the Show was provided by the excellent singing of Mathini Sriskandaraja, a Madras University music graduate, whose range of mellifluous voice and impeccable enunciation of Jatis raised the tempo of the dance. Mathini is a rare addition to the Karnatic musical fraternity of London. In Bharata Natyam performances Mirudangam plays the leading role, and Muthu Sivaraja seems to have established for himself an accepted place in this part of the world. His playing is faultless and understanding, though at times, the P.A. system played some tricks with his mike. String instrument support on the violin was provided by the veteran star of Colombo of yester years, Rudrani Balakrishnan, and on the morsing by a younger artiste Kandiah Sithambaranathan. Occasionally a strumming on the veena strings was stealthily heard, but is it at all necessary to clutter with so many instruments in a Bharata Natyam programme where the most appropriate instruments are only the mirudangam and the flute? Finally, a word of congratulation to the father of Sharmini, Mr. E. K. Rajagopal, a well known writer and journalist who was on the staff of the Eelanadu and the Thinkaran for many years and who used to write under the pen name "Bama Rajagopal'.
- Sivapatha Sundaram

Page 27
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