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Page 2
2 TAMIL TIMES
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Page 3
5 DECEMBER 99
CONTENTS
Will india Seek Prabhakaran's extradition. .. 4
ISSN People and Politics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
ANNUAL Thondaman on Talks with Rao. . . . . . . . . 7 UK/India/Sri
Australia. . Tigers seek to forge 'Pure Tamil'. . . . . . . . Canada. . . .. All other co, rationalism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Former T.N. Home Secretary arrested...10 - . RPul
TAM Ex-Home Sec. implicates former C.M. . 11 P.
SUTTON, Views expressed by contributors are not necessarily 3. UNI
those of the editor or the publishers. Phone
i
Sri Lanka today is afflicted by rampant corruption an nepotism, proliferating prostitution and ever increasin drug-peddling. They are those sections of societ enjoying the patronage of those in authority tha employ questionable and illegal means to satisfy the insatiable greed to amass wealth no matter wha happens to the rest of society. Arbitrary and senseles. deprivation of human life has become almost a nationa pastime in recent years. All these matters concern the moral health of the people and the country. In thi context one would have expected the estimatec 25,000 Buddhist priests in the country to have mountec a Crusade on these issues to regenerate the mora health of the nation. One has not seen any evidence o such a campaign either in the past or at present.
However, time and again, one has been able to see some leading, influential and powerful members of the Buddhist clergy pontificating, protesting and demon strating in regard to questions relating to politics anc ethnic relations in the country. Their pontifications protestations and demonstrations have not been abou bringing peace and harmony among the differen communities, but their stand on most questions con cerning ethnic and religious relations has been to initiate, instigate and exacerbate ethnic and religious disharmony and dissension. All their actions have beer in the name of preserving the nation, language anc religion - the Sinhala nation, the Sinhala language anc the Buddhist religion. Theirs has not been a message of peace, harmony, tolerance and compassion, but one of ethnocentric arrogance and religious bigotry.
if there is any single group in Sri Lanka which has contributed the greatest to plunge the country into the tragic conflict we have been witnessing for the las Several decades, that must be those Sections of the Buddhist clergy which have been engaged in the crusade to 'save the nation, language and the religion' it is they who have played havoc in preventing every government from settling the problem by peacefu. negotiations. The people had faith and confidence ir them because of their position in the religious sphere, But what they did in fact was to abuse that trust and confidence to mislead them into developing intransi.
 

TAM TIMES 3
CONTENTS
Karunanidhi rebuts charges of. . . . . . . . .
0266-4488 pro-LTTE activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SUBSCRIPTION When Tigers eat grass. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Lanka. . . E10/USS20 , ',
w a ΑμεS40 The War against historical memory. . . .14 s CanS35 intries. . . t15/US$30 The Sub-Continental Scene. . . . . . . . . . 18
plished by Amnesty International report. . . . . . . . . 19
- - O. yಣ್ಣ!TD Sailing into trouble. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2ਣੇ SURREY SM13 TD ED KINGDOM The publishers assume no responsibility for return of : 081-644 0972 unsolicited manuscripts, photographs and artwork.
ISINTERVENTION
gent and intolerant attitudes. It is no exaggeration to say that it was the natural and inevitable consequence of their messages that induced their followers into violent responses resulting in frequent anti-Tamil pog[OዘገገS.
Thankfully, these sections of the Buddhist clergy were pushed into the background by force of circumstances during the last two to three years. However there are strong signals that they are making a menacing comeback in recent months, and at a time when most people have realised the injustices perpetrated on the minorities in the past and are becoming more convinced about seeking a negotiated peaceful solution to the problem, the re-emergence of these forces is not only lamentably unwelcome but also positively dangerous. The recent intervention by the Advisory and Working Committee for Buddhasasana Affairs (all Buddhist monks) with a document addressed to the President is a case in point. These exalted prelates are reported to have advised President Premadasa that any solution to the ethnic crisis should not hinder the unity, Sovereignty and the territorial integrity of Sri Lanka, the North and East should not be identified or accepted as the traditional homeland of the Tamils; the North and East should not be merged; all policies on land should be handled by the Central Government; and the maintenance of law and order, armed forces, all harbours and airports should be vested in the Central Government. It is hard to see how the issues on which they have sought to intervenefit into the remit of 'Buddhasasana Affairs. Nevertheless it must be recognised that it is this type of gratuitous intervention by Buddhist prelates which has had the effect of inflaming opinion against any settlement based on what the minorities consider as their legitimate aspirationS.
lf President Premadasa is to avoid the fate that befell his predecessors in having taken these type of monks w seriously, and if he is really genuine about creating his I oft-repeated version of a multi-ethnic, multi-religious Society and bringing about a resolution of the ethnic conflict, before it is too late he ought to make it clear to f the monks of his Advisory Committee to confine
themselves to Buddhasasana Affairs.
r

Page 4
4 TA' TIMES
Will india Seek Prabhakaran's Extradition?
The prestigious Indian fortnightly India Today (15.12.91) reports that the Special Investigating Team (SIT) is "considering issuing warrants against LTTE supremo V. Pirabhakaran, intelligence chief Pottuamman, ideologue Baby Subramaniam, among others, for plotting to kill Rajiv Gandhi. This will be followed by a request to Colombo to extradite these rebels'.
Already the special court presided over by judge S.M. Siddick designated to hear the Rajiv assassination case has issued a proclamation directing Pottu Amman, David, Daniel, Dilipan, Ravi and Santhan, alleged by the police to belong to the LTTE, to surrender before the court by November 11.
Confessions by those already in custody and available forensic evidence are reported to have established that many of the members of the squad that was involved in the plot and the carrying out of the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi on 21 May 1991 were previously engaged in the murder on 19 June 1990 of EPRLF leader K. Padmanabha and 14 of his colleagues.
Up to now, none of the reports published by the Indian media had made a direct "evidential link' be
tween the LTT an and the as: Gandhi. But, q the India. Toda at least two do unearthed wou assassination Pirabhakaran”. is reported to b May 1991 writ belt-bomb-sui Prabhakaran fr in Kodungaiyu containing detà her successful d at the meeting addressed by th ter V.P. Singh, karan for entru “important task The second d. dated 7 Septeml addressed to Pra Santhan (alias who committed : cyanide pill whe the house at Na on November 13 was recovered Rameshwaram LTTE courier apprehended, in
My dear elden I am writing th
sis. But we have The CBI seems t
everything aboa
Further Military Offensive in Jaffna
9 December - As we go to press reports are coming in that the armed forces have begun a major military thrust in northern Jaffna peninsula. From the Palali airbase which is the biggest armed forces camp in the north, it is reported that troops are making sustained efforts in the face of fierce resistance by the Tigers to expand their area of control. As the army offensive is accompanied by frequent bombing raids by attack aircraft, strafing by helicopter gunships and shelling from naval gunboats, considerable civilian casualties and destruction of property are being reported. Thousands of residents of the affected areas are continuing to abandon their homes and are said to be moving towards Jaffna town.
Before the offensive began, the armed forces had control of the Palali airbase and adjoining areas includ
ing Kankesanthurai towards the seashore and Vasavilan on the opposite side. It is said that the Tigers have been using their newly acquired anti-aircraft guns to prevent the landing and taking off of aircraft from the Palali airbase. Aerial mobility for the armed forces is vital for they control very little territory within the peninsula despite their reported recent successes by the security forces. The latest offensive, therefore, would appear to be directed at gaining control of as wide an area as possible around the airbase and to destroy the anti-aircraft positions of the Tigers. While the armed forces have claimed to have inflicted heavy casualties among the Tigers and reported to be advancing towards securing the areas around Myliddy, Valalai and Thondamanaru, the Tigers have dismissed these claims as fanciful.

15 DECEMBER 1991
E leader Prabhakarsassination of Rajiv uoting SIT sources, ly report states that cuments they have ld prove that the
was ordered by The first document be a letter dated 10 ten by Dhanu, the cide assassin to om a LTTE hide-out r. This letter while ailed particulars of ry-run (a rehearsal) held in Madras and e then Prime Minisalso thanks Prabhalisting her with the
ocument is a letter ber 1991 reportedly abhakaran by Peria Gundu Santhan) suicide by biting the in police surrounded valpattu in Tiruchi 1. This letter, which by the police at when an alleged , Irumpuri, was ter alia, stated:
- brother,
is letter amidst crinot lost confidence. o have come to knouv ut us follouving the
arrest of so many of our members. All Pottuanman's boys got nabbed and that eventually led to the death of Raguvaran (Sivarasan)...The arrest of Chinna Santhan helped the CBI to know about who killed Padmanabha. . .
After seeing so many arrests, I had to distribute cyanide to all our boys... As a result of my instructions/order, 25 of us have died. The situation here is just like what it was in Jaffna during the IPKF operation. Like our people hated to give the Indian soldiers water, the same treatment is being meted out to our activists.
I suggest that we have a smaller team to work here. I have waited several nights . . . no boat has come ... hou do I send goods : After the death of Rajiv, we were promised that boats will come once the election was over. But no boat came. ...
Send boats and wireless sets be
fore some more of us get caught. If I
get a wireless set, we can identify the arrival or the departure point. The arrest of Varathan cut off my last link with you. Pottuamman's boys do not carry my message to УОи. . . The likely arrest of Kolatur Maniyam is worrying me as that would lead to many other Indians. The CBI cannot catch me. Have faith in me.
Yours
Santhan
Even before the latest
offensive, during the period from the end of the third week of November, round the clock curfew was clamped down all over Jaff. na which was subjected to incessant bombing and naval shelling operations in an obvious attempt to disrupt the Heroes Week celebrations organised by the LTTE.
Meanwhile, having established their hold on the offshore islands of Jaffna the government has called upon the residents who had left these islands to return to
their homes with a promise of an amnesty for returning Tiger supporters.
Shortages of food, medicines and other commodities essential to the life of the civilian population within the peninsula have become acute and a considerable number of people are driven to starvation. Even the transport of meagre supplies to the peninsula through the good offices of the International Committee of the Red Cross has been severely disrupted by the continuing military operations.
No Surrender Says Yogi
Yogaratnam Yogi, one of the top leaders of the LTTE, in a recent broadcast over the Voice of Tigers' radio said that Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Jayala litha Jayaram and former Chief Minister Muthuvellu Karunanidhi were accusing each other saying that they had helped the LTTE in Tamil
Nadu, but neither of them had helped the LTTE. It was the former Chief Minister, M.G. Ramachandran who had helped the LTTE and gave all possible assistance.
Yogi accused Karunanidhi who earlier stood for a separate state in Tamil Nadu of giving up that stand once he got into pow

Page 5
185 DECEMBER 1991
er. He accused the AIADMK members of turning against the LTTE for the sake of their own political survival.
Rejecting the call by the army to surrender, Yogi said that the LTTE would never surrender to the Sri Lankan armed forces. “We never surrendered to the mighty Indian forces. We
carried on our fight when the huge Indian army was standing at every door step in the peninsula. Our cadres showed maximum determination by living through hardships and even skipping meals for days. Therefore, we would not surrender to the Sri Lankan armed forces even though we have been surrounded'.
Monks set out terms for ethnic solution
Buddhist monks on the Advisory and Working Board for Buddhasasana affairs have laid down five conditions the Government should consider in its efforts to resolve the ethnic crisis.
In a document submitted to the President they state that any solution to the ethnic crisis should not hinder the unity, sovereignty and the territorial integrity of Sri Lanka. The North and East should not be identified or accepted as the traditionall homeland of the Tamils. The North and East should not be merged. All policies on land should be handled by the Central Government and the maintenance of law and order, the armed forces, all harbours and airports should be vested in the Central Government.
The monks state adherence to these conditions would provide equal rights to all the people of Sri Lanka. They insist that the equal distribution of the resources among all communities be the basis of any decentralisation.
The monks have reminded the President of proposals they made at the All Party Conference initiated by former President J.R. Jayewardene and how the Tamil parties positively responded to them.
The document states that at that time, the solution was based on decentralization of power on District Development Council level and with the introduction of the 13th Amendment, decentralization was limited to Provincial Councils.
SAARC Summit in Late December
The sixth SAARC Summit, will be held in Colombo on December 21, according to senior government officials in Colombo.
They said that, although the Heads of State meeting will be confined to a single day, the full itinerary of the Summit programme will be worked out. The visiting Heads of State are expected to stay in the country for at least three days, the officials said.
They added that the earlier programme that was drawn up for the cancelled Summit, will remain unchanged. The visiting Heads of State are expected to participate in the entire programme the officials said.
The Heads of State from Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh and the Maldives have informed the current chairman of SAARC President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, that
they would attend the December 21 Summit in Colombo.
They also added that the visiting leaders are likely to attend the South Asian Federation (SAF) Games, which will be in progress during this period.
According to the officials, Colombo has decided to cut down on pomp and pageantry owing to the tight schedule and the lack of time. The visiting Heads of State are scheduled to arrive in Colombo on December 20,
and will be escorted to the
Hotel Taj Samudra under maximum security.
The Sixth SAARC Suummit, which was scheduled to be held in Colombo in early November this year was postponed at the eleventh hour, when the King of Bhutan, Jigmye Singe Wanchuk, announced his nonavailability for the meeting

TAMIL TIMES 5
owing to internal strife in his country. India later refused to attend the Summit, saying the SAARC charter
required all the leaders of the seven nations to be present for a summit to be convened.
Break-Through by Mid-January
President Ranasinghe Premadasa has not shown 'a green or red light' to his efforts to intervene and bring about a solution to the North-East problem, Mr. Saumyamoorthy Thorndaman, Minister of Rural Industrial Development and tourism, said in a recent press interview.
But the Minister was confident that a solution could be evolved by the middle of next month.
Mr. Thondaman said although the leaders of the SLFP, MEP and SLMC had not assured their full support for his peace mission those parties were very keen about bringing peace to the troubled north-east region.
When asked whether President Ranasinghe Premadasa had given the green light for his peace initiative to the Tigers, Mr. Thondaman said: "He had not shown the green light or red light'.
Referring to recent newspaper articles against his proposals to the Tigers, the Minister said some people, particularly in the press, were jealous of him. "This is because they think, this man, Thondaman, just sits in his office room and finds solutions to various crucial problems, he said. He said some people in the press try to "put me against the government'.
The Minister said everyone who was interested in the well-being and prosperity of Sri Lanka as a single nation would support a plan which could bring permanent peace to the country.
When asked for his views on recent news reports from Jaffna quoting a Tiger leader that peace talks could begin soon, Mr. Thondaman said: "I am hopeful a breakthrough will be made by Thai Pongal. Don't be in a hurry. Wait till midJanuary'.
Chandrika Joins SLFP
Leader of the Bahujana Nidahas Peramuna Mrs. Chandrika Kumaranatunga and 16 members of the party's politburo have obtained membership in the Sri Lanka Freedom Party.
They were given membership on SLFP leader, Mrs. Sirimavo Bandaranaike and party acting Secretary Dharmasiiri Senanayake accepting BJP's application to join SLFP at branch level.
It is learnt that among politburo members who joined the SLFP along with Mrs. Kumaranatunga are Rath na siri Wickramanayake, (BJP Vice President), Salinda Dissanayake, Reginald Cooray, Mahinda Senanayake, Sisira Bandara Senaratne, Dr. Raja Wijetunga, W.A. Abeysinghe, Gunasinghe Suriyapperuma, Shantha Premaratne, Ananda Moonasinghe, Susil Premasinghe, P.S. Gunawardena and Ajith Jinadasa.
Papers conferring SLFP membership on three members have been personally handed over by Mrs. Bandaranaike at her residence at Rosmead Place. Acting Secretary Senanayake has been present on the occasion.
Mrs. Kumaranatunga and her late husband Vijaya Kumaranatunga along with Ossie Abeygoonasekera, T.B. Illangaratne and severall others broke away from the SLFP in 1984 and formed the Sri Lanka Mahajana Pakshaya.
Later Mrs. Kumaranatunga and several others left SLMP and formed the BJP.
SLFP sources said the party's National Organiser Anura Bandaranaike also has accepted the entry of the BJP members. They said Mrs. Kumaran atunga might be given a key post in the SLFP.

Page 6
"6 TAM TIMES
k UNP Rebels Lose Court Battle
The Supreme Court judgment upholding the expulsion of the eight ruling United National Party (UNP) dissidents was, for Sri Lankan President Ranasinghe Premadasa, another victory in the long chain of events set in motion by the impeachment resolution slapped on him in late August. For the dissidents led by Lalith Athulathmudali and Gamini Dissanayake however it is a set back. What they were hoping for was to be able to remain in the party, topple the President and bring about a restructuring of the party.
The dissidents had challenged their expulsion by the Working Committee of the UNP. In consequence of the judgment, not only have they lost the party membership, but also lost their seats in parliament which they hoped to use as a platform in their antiPremadasa campaign.
The day following the court order, the UNP dissidents announced that they had formed a new political party called the Democratic United National Front (DUNF) and claimed that the new organisation already had a membership of 48,000 and that several thousands more were expected to join. Lalith Athulathmudali also claimed that some of the government MPs who were signatories to the impeachment resolution and later retracted and pledged support to the President would soon join the new party. This could probably happen in the event of some of them, yet to be identified, losing their portfolios in the Cabinet reshuffle expected shortly. It is understandable for President Premadasa to rid himself of persons in whom he has lost faith. Although he was forced to accept their excuse that they were signatories to the resolution through "misrepresentation', Premadasa can't forget or dismiss the fact that they signed the resolution. At a time when Premadasa's own political survival depends on the support he could muster for himself among government MPs, he had no choice but to accept their 'explanation'. Now however that the impeachment resolution is behind him and the dissidents expelled, he will no doubt want to ensure that his cabinet and the parliamentary team comprises men whose loyalty will never be in question. It is rumoured that at least ten MPs have been earmarked for 'disciplinary action', and already two more UNP MPs, Ariyaratne Jayatilake and S.A.
Muthu Banda hav the Working Com Thus a period of ruling party and r madasa loyalists is
The new DUNF tinue with their
land-wide public r
mudali announced
would form a tr
women and youth its auspices and als party newspaper sl
from village to villa
town campaigning the new party”, sai
The dissidents
fear of "threats, forms of intimida
ago, a grenade atta
of their meetings
jured. Athulathm
Dissanayake hav series of acts of v. their supporters.
UNP rebels, Mr.
atne who was a
presently facing ment in a murde occurred in 1989. ' ried out investig appear to have 'clo of evidence'. The
resurrected with th ing that they hav evidence” in rega Minister's involv hours of losing his Mr. Seneviratne v tody on 5 Decem remanded in custo proceedings. In Bandaranaike alle rema Weerasooriy
cally victimised b
brother-in-law of G The police had car rised search of house when he w his land at Mirig fifty persons were being acquired by
a public purpose'
political revenge.
However there i DUNF closing ranl tion parties, partic Freedom Party (S MPs in the parlia the substantial m: tures to the anti-F ment resolution. reports of negotia leaders of both t endeavour to mobi bring an end to t tem of governmen
 

15 DECEMBER 1991
e been expelled by nittee of the party. xpulsions from the 2placement by Pre
predictable. is expected to connuch publicised isheetings. Athulaththat the new party ade union centre, organisations under o start publishing a ortly. We will walk ge and from town to for the policies of d Athulathmudali.
ave also expressed attacks and other tion. Some weeks Ick was made on one and many were inudali and Gamini 2 complained of a ictimisation against In fact one of the Lakshman SenevirState Minister, is harges of involveer alleged to have The police who carations then would sed the file for lack case has now been he authorities claimre "discovered fresh rd to the ex-State ement. Within 24 seat in Parliament, vas taken into cusber and has been dy pending further parliament, Anura ged that Dr. Wicka was being politiecause he was the amini Dissanayake. tied out an unauthoDr. Weerasooriya's as abroad and that ama in which over employed was now the government for and this was pure
s the prospect of the ks with other opposiularly the Sri Lanka LFP) which has 67 ment who provided jority of the signa'remadasa impeachAlready there are tions between the hese parties in an
lise mass support to -
he Presidential sys
A Chandrika'S Home-coming
In the meantime, predictable though it was, Chandrika Wijekumaratunga's long awaited and much publicised homecoming into the SLFP fold has at last occurred accompanied by the now familiar squabbles among members of the Bandaranaike family who see the SLFP not as a political party but as an inheritance bequeathed by the late S.W. R.D. Bandaranalike to them to be fought over. Son Anura, whose ambition was somewhat assuaged by being appointed the National Organiser of the party has been waiting impatiently and in vain for his mother, the aged Mrs. Srima Bandaranaike, to dethrone herself from the leadership of the party so that he himself could assume the mantle of his late father. But the mother has been clinging on to her position egged on by her Ratwatte brothers not to let go control of the party for they know that their influence over the party also will disappear with her departure.
The long-running mother-son quarrel reached its peak recently when Mrs. Bandaranaike engineered a coup to topple the General Secretary of the party Mr. Sooriyaperuma when son Anura was away from the island. Anura who regards himself as the natural heir to his father's inheritance saw in this move a plot by the Ratwatte gang to undermine his influence in the party and he launched a fierce open war against his mother accusing her of dictatorial behaviour and absence of intra-party democracy. To avert an imminent crisis as a stop-gap arrangement. Mr. Dharmasiri Senanayake was appointed acting General Secretary and Mr. Sooriyaperuma was kicked upstairs to the powerless position of Vice-President, and a Peace Committee comprising Kingsley Wickremaratne, Lakshman Jayakody, Mahinda Rajapakse and C.V. Gooneratne was appointed to draw up a plan for the resolution of the leadership issue.
Having had what is described as “intense discussions” with Mrs. Bandaranaike and Anura Bandaranaike, the Peace Committee produced a formula: Mrs. Bandaranaike would be party leader while Anura would be elected party President with full powers, subject to the qualification that the President should consult the party leader on all major decisions, and any disagreement between them should be referred to the Central Committee; with the adoption of this formula, Mrs. Chandrika Wijayakumaratunga and her group should be admitted to the SLFP provided they dissolved their party, the Bahujana Nidhahas Party (BNP).
Continued on page 7

Page 7
15 DECEMBER 1991
CRM on Sovereignty and Human Rights
The securing of human rights must be an integral part of any discussion about possible forms of government and devolution, the Civil Rights Movement has said.
In a statement, the CRM points out that the legal doctrine of the sovereignty of states has been the subject of a revolution in international law, so far as human rights are concermed. Today, a state is bound by international law to secure the fundamental rights and liberties of its subjects, and its performance in this regard is the legitimate comcern of the rest of the world. The CRM refers to current discussions on the 'Westminster' model versus the Executive Presidency, and on forms of devolution and federalism. It is important that the humam rights factor be given its due place in such debates. Whatever the model of devolution, human rights must be effectively secured at every level, both within the devolved unit and at the centre, the CRM has stressed.
The central government must in turn make its own
legislation subject to judicial review at all times, and not merely at the Bill stage as at present, it adds.
The CRM has said these steps should be taken by the Sri Lankan state for the benefit of all its people even if there were no ethnic problems. But they are all the more essential as part of any 'devolution package' as an expression of good faith and a reassurance against the centre acting oppressively. People of all ethnic groups and all political persuasions will welcome them as a guarantee of their fundamental rights against transgression by any governmental authority, be it central, provincial or district, present or future, the CRM state.
Furthermore, Sri Lanka must give any person who complains that his fundamental rights have been violated the possibility, as a last resort, to have recourse to an international tribunal. This could be done by signing the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and other like instruments.
A.l. Urges Extension of Commission's Terms
The Amnesty International has urged the government to extend the terms of the Presidential Commission of Inquiry on Involuntary Removal of Persons to include
those cases which occurred prior to January 1991 as well as post January 1991 'as disappearances continue to be reported from all parts of the country.'
Continued from page 6
However, on the same day as the above formula was being hammered out and apparently without the knowledge of the Peace Committee or the National Organiser, Anura Bandaranaike, Mrs. Bandaranaike got her daughter Chandrika and 15 others of her party to fill in their application forms and admitted them to the SLFP. Anura and those of the Peace Committee would appear to have come to know about their admission only through the columns of the newspapers the following day, and this episode has led to another round of infighting between the mother and son, the latter accusing the former of acting in gross violation of the party constitution' and the former telling the latter that she knew more about the constitution than her
SO
Chandrika for he she is not aspiring f in the SLFP and th that both her son alı and could join together in the part late father. Wheth daughter combinati ever after is a doub the long history of plagued the SLFP i
During her pre carnation as co-lea before the brutal a husband, Wijayaku JVP, and her subse Chandrika had ado stance on the eth much as she accept Tamil people to supported the Indo ment between Raji

TAMEL TIMES 7
In a report on Sri Lanka titled "Unresolved disappearances from the period 1987-1990, the case of Sevana Army Camp” A.I. states: "Tens of thousands of people have reporte dly ““disappeared” in Sri Lanka af. ter being detained by the security forces in recent years, yet the government has taken few steps to acknowledge responsibility publicly, to investigate the fate or whereabouts of the "dis
appeared', or to bring those responsible for "disappearances” to justice. Amnesty International believes that the government's lack of action over the years to curb "disappearances” and extra judicial executions committed by the security forces person nel confronting armed opposition has given the impression that the government condones these gross violations of human rights in certain situations'.
Thondaman on Talks With Rao
India has suggested to CWC leader and Minister S. Thondaman that the return of tens of thousands of Sri Lankan refugees from Tamil Nadu to North-east Sri Lanka be taken up at proposed negotiations with the LTTE.
He said Indian Prime Minister Narasimha Rao had proposed during talks in New Delhi that a central refugee camp be set up in Trincomalee to receive and re-settle the Sri Lankan refugees from Tamil Nadu.
The central camp was suggested because India felt that in the present circumstances it vould not be possible for the refugees to return to their own villages.
Mr. Thondaman said he assured Mr. Rao that he would explore the possibilities of resettling the refugees soon but he could not give any specific timeframe.
Mr. Rao said the Sri Lankan refugee issue had
become a major problem for Tamil Nadu Chief Minister, Jayalalitha Jeyaram who had asked New Delhi to take steps to settle this problem soon.
Referring to the recent crisis over the postponement of the South Asian Summit, Mr. Thondaman said India was disturbed over a statement made by Foreign Minister Harold Herat in Parliament. The Foreign Minister had used the word 'adamant on India's stand regarding the Colombo summit. Mr. Rao pointed out that it was India which had originally proposed that the summit be held in Colombo.
"I do not know whether the media and the other groups made matters worse by exaggerating", Mr. Thondaman said on his return from New Delhi.
Mr. Thondaman said he explained in detail the proposals which he had put forward to the LTTE and Mr. Rao listened without comment.
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f5 DECEMBER 1991
Tigers Seek to Fo “Pure Tamilo Nationi
— by Taraki —
At a time when many people seem to take it for granted that the LTTE's military decline has begun and is inexorable, it would certainly be illuminating, even meagrely to examine the Tiger in its political context. The political-cultural space in which it desires to carve out a long lasting niche for itself, is no doubt Pan-Tamil nationalism. The Tiger has lost India's support for good. Delhi has expressed its determination to finish the LTTE. It has even gone to the extent of playing down its role as "co-guarantor of Tamils' rights'. Therefore, inevitably the LTTE is driven to find for itself a political rearbase (its real rear base - technically speaking – in Tamilnadu is fairly smashed up) to ensure its long term survival.
However, marginal in its effect, it is Pan-Tamilian nationalism that the LTTE is cultivating now. If the Tiger were to succeed in this political ambition at least partially a battle won could well turn out to be a battle lost for Colombo and Delhi.
The D.K. leader Veeramanis decision to appear for the accused in the Rajiv Gandhi case and the Padmanabha case, is, for Prabhakaran a minor advancement in the right direction - Pan Tamilian solidarity.
Any Indian patriot would certainly dismiss it as insignificant. But when one considers the fact that Kumudham a popular Tamil magazine was editorially congratulating Veeramani recently for disowning party members and sympathisers involved in the Rajiv assassination case and called upon Karunanidhi to follow his example - a hint that the D.K. leadership has taken a difficult decision indeed, to appear for the accused in both cases.
The extreme nationalist sections had charged that he had been bribed by Jayalalitha to keep quiet (Kedayam - November issue). Earlier, when the LTTE was pursued as only a military phenomenon, trouble came from another quarter: India's so called geopolitics. It is being pursued once again only as a military phenomenon, to be defeated at some point, according to Mr. D. B. Wijetunge. This time the Tiger hopes to rise again on the bedrock of Pan-Tamilian sentiment, even marginally, whether the LTTE is justified in entertaining this hope, it is too early to say. But it will be useful, however to examine briefly PanTamilian thoughts.
The culture of the post 1990 LTTE can be distinguished by two salient and
essential festivals: N and Maveerar Thir exalts the Tamil lar "the great warriors'. monstrates his com ideals signified by t appearing personal we find the LTTE pro pure Tamil - a Tamil derived from Sansk. glish and promoting as the dominant cor culture.
What I intend to cursorily, is that which are being prom are the twin and inte which Pan-Tamilian built from the latter century, and from D.M.K. and the A.D project to purify the all non-Tamil, mainly holds the key to the ment’s concept of his
The history of the seen as unfolding om tween original Tam represented by Brah Tamil movement (in Maraimalai Atikal) belief that there was: language and cultu Aryan-Brahmin influ taken up by the pov non-Brahmin classes Presidency who we disproportionate i Brahmins in the Raj.
The Anglican mi Caldwell, laid the th tion for the Dravid Pure Tamil moveme lication of his Comp; of the Dravidian lan claims that "Tamil cal with the greater p sanskrit and by dispe to a purer and more r and that "classical T. Sanskrit, not more til dialect. It affects pun independence and it all ab intra” (P.81). I that many Tamil sch quently wrote about the Dravidian lingu: identity were somet by the British, who alarmed by the chan once docile Indian N which was dominate telligentsia.
The Thanithami movement of Marai) the South Indian L.

) : : AMIL TIMES 9
rge
lism
Muthamizh Vizha am. The former guage, the latter Prabhakaran, demitment to the nese festivals, by y. Consequently, moting the use of purged' of words it, Pali and Ena martial culture nponent of Tamil
lemonstrate here hese two ideals oted by the LTTE rrelated ideals on ideology has been part of the 19th which the D.K., M.K., arose. The famil language of Aryan elements, Dravidian movetory.
Tamil nation is the struggle beilian and Aryan minism. The Pure stitutionalized by is posited on the an original, Tamil re, untainted by uences. This was verful pro-British s of the Madras re resenting the nfluence of the
ssionary, Robert Leoretical foundaan ideology and nt with the pubarative Grammar guages where he n readily dispense art or whole of nsing with it rises efined style'. (P.4) amil contains less han the colloquial ism and mational refinements are t should be noted Lolars who subsethe uniqueness of stic and cultural imes encouraged were becoming ging policy of the ational Congress, by Brahmin in
l (Pure Tamil) malai Atikal and beral Federation
were born in the same year: 1916. The leadership of both organizations openly declared that the Tamil people should go their own way under British supervision and the best government 'directed by Providence' to rule over Tamils. The result of all this was the desire generated in the appropriate political climate - South IndianLiberal Federation versus Congress. D.K. versus Congress, Hindi – of the Brahminism Dravidianism conflict, to discover the pristine Tamil-self, and what was this pristine Tamil-self that was discovered?
It was the warrior, totally devoted to war in the martial songs of Purananooru, the earliest extant text of Tamil literature. What the Dravidian movement discovered as its original and untainted cultural self was a bloody, martial culture which exalted the cult of the warrior as its religion. The emphasis of most of these poems is on martial glory. (In the subsequent phases of Tamil history one finds ample evidence of Buddhism and Jainism which were the dominant religions among the Tamils for more than a thousand years, making diverse and constant efforts to suppress and sublimate this martial culture).
There were pious Tamil scholars who found it difficult to come to terms with this ferocious and bloody martial culture which they were unable to avoid in their search for the original Tamil self. Although many had in passing noticed in these songs a striking parallel with Greek and Teutonic heroic poetry, it was the Sri Lankan Tamil scholar Prof. K. Kailasapathy who established that the Purananooru represented a heroic age and compared it with the martial bardic poetry found in other ancient warlike cultures.
The contents of Purananooru suited the political agenda of the D.M.K. which was militant, secular and separatist in the fifties and the early sixties. The concept of the Purananoottuth Thamilan was forged in this period. The DMK evolved an elaborate martial vocabulary for political action based on terms taken from the Purananooru. Some usages peculiar to the warrior cult of these poems have found currency in modern Tamil usage as a result. The Dravidian movement in its most militant and hence most effective phase established the idea among the politically conscious Tamil nationalists that the martial trait was the most original characteristic of the Tamil people; that it was necessary to resurrect this trait (Thamil veeram) if the Tamils were to successfully struggle for liberation.
The first volume of Karunanidhi's autobiography and a large number of pro-DMK books work and expand on this theme. Novelists and poets glor
Continued on page 10

Page 10
10 TAM TIMES
Former Home Secre of T.N. in Custod
MADRAS, Nov. 21.
The former Home Secretary of Tamil Nadu, Mr. R. Nagarajan, was arrested today in connection with the Padmanabha murder case and two other cases involving the LTTE. He was taken into custody in the wee hours of today at his Ashoknagar residence and taken to Tiruchi.
Charged under Sections 3, 4, 5 and 6 of the Terrorists and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act (TADA), Mr. Nagarajan was arrested by the Superintendent of Police, Tiruchi, Mr. V. Jaganathan, in connection with the case relating to Anandaraj and Deivasigamani, nabbed in Tiruchi a few days ago. He has also been charged with involvement in the Padmanabha murder case and the gunning down of a TSP constable in Pattinamkathan, Ramanathapuram.
The police have charged Mr. Nagarajan with instructing a Deputy Commissioner of Police, Law and Order, Madras, not to pursue the Padmanabha killers and similarly two senior police officers not to go after the militants who gunned down the TSP constable and a civilian off Ramanathapuram in February 1990.
It is stated that both Anandaraj and Deivasigamani, recently nabbed in Tiruchi with gelatine sticks and explo
sives, have confe Home Secretary h and was instrun the LTTE' and militants to stor lainagar and othe smuggle them to Further, anot Vicky alias Vigr others had also Nagarajan was “v nefarious activiti support to the LT in Tamil Nadu'.
Even as he se voluntary retirem State Governmen him under susper tigations into vari mission and omiss It is also conside the then Directol Mr. P. Dorai, who more light on the Nagarajan, died l tired from service Mr. K. Kasim, D and Mr. Jagannat of Police told press evidence of a "dee the LTTE estab) Nadu with Tiruch prior to the murc has come to light.
Continued from page 9
ified this period when Tamil kings had imprinted their insignia on the Himalayas (a leit motif in Purananooru). "He-chera king - inflicted such a crushing blow on the Aryans that they cried aloud in pain' says one poem. It is this political cultural matrix in which the DK, DMK and the ADMK have to articulate themselves.
Pan-Indian politics has not done much to dismantle this despite its desire to do so. The Great Heroes day said: "We carry kavadi, we ring bells in temples and light lamps to gods. What did we gain. The feeling that we are Tamils should come first and religions second. We worship gods whom we have not seen. Why can't we remember and honour the valour of the warriors who lived among us? Why can't we light lamps and ring bells remembering the courage with which they fought?'
Poem 335 of Purananooru says: “We have no gods who are worshipped with offerings of rice. We worship only the hero-stones of those who stood their ground against the hated enemy and were slain by war elephants with shining tusks.”
This is not to have read and ar. by the ancient Tar to show how the LTTE's martial ci from the broade ment, and also ho heroic age can be rior cult promoted
Kailasapathy's martial culture ca sociology of the M such societies the men are those that utter disdain for c chooses to die in live comfortably a
These observati societies in gener society in particul the martial etho: trying to rekindle society.
The concept of' cial crematorium constructed in V.V other parts of Jaff It is expected to religious last rite martial ritual for

15 DECEMBER 1991
tary V
ssed that the former lad "harboured, aided ental in supporting nad “encouraged the explosives in Thillr areas in Tiruchi, to Jaffna'. her LTTE militant eswaran, and some admitted that Mr. ery helpful' in their es and “extended full TE for the operations
nt in his papers for ent from service, the t had earlier placed ision, pending invesous charges of ‘comion'. red significant, that General of Police, ) could have thrown charges against Mr. ast Sunday. He rein May this year. IG of Police, Tiruchi han, Superintendent persons today that prooted network' of lishment in Tamil i as the base, even ler of Padmanabha The accused in the
say that the Tigers influenced directly mil martial texts, but components of the ulture have evolved r Dravidian movew the elements of a zt describe the war
by the LTTE.
descriptions of the un also describe the avearar Thinam. In
deeds esteemed by
call for courage and eath. The true hero combat rather than , home.'
ns on ancient heroic l and Purananooru ar is appropriate to
that the Tiger is or cultivate in Tamil
uilum Illam, a spefor dead warriors ..T. and planned for na is a case in point. pe above the usual s: to create a new remating the dead.
Padmanabha murder case went scotfree only with the help of this network 'actively supported and blessed by the top brass at Fort St. George.'
Questioned whether anyone above Mr. Nagarajan was involved the two militant supporters refused to name anybody but repeatedly answered that "few more top brass in the bureaucracy and in the political arena' did support their movement. Mr. Kasim said the association of the former Home Secretary with these militants had been established. Asked about any evidence of financial assistance the DIG said, further investigations alone could unravel this. “If only this deep rooted network of the LTTE militants and their links with bureaucrats prior to the Padmanabha murder case had not been allowed, perhaps the tragic assassination of late Prime Minister, Rajiv Gandhi could have been avoided,' Mr. Kasim said.
Further Detentions
MADRAS, Nov. 25. A Madras City advocate Veerasekharan, was today taken into custody by the 'Q' branch on the charge that he aided and abetted militants of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.
The arrest of the advocate, belonging to the Dravidar Kazhagam, followed seizure of a letter written by him to Peria Santhan. It was recovered from an LTTE militant, Vasanthan now in custody. (Peria Santhan committed suicide following a police raid on his hideout in Tiruchi recently).
In his letter, the advocate counselled Peria Santhan to be in his safe hideout as the Special Investigation Team, probing the Rajiv Gandhi assassination case, had given up its search for him thinking that he had escaped to Jaffna in Sri Lanka.
The letter was referred to the Forensic Science wing which, after comparing it with an anonymous letter written by Veerasekharan, gave the opinion that the author of both the letters was the same.
Mr. D. Veerasekharan, counsel for some of the accused in the Rajiv Gandhi assassination and Padmanabha murder cases, was today remanded to judicial custody till January 8, 1992 by Mr. S.M. Siddickk, judge of the designated court.
Mr. Siddickk earlier issued the warrant of arrest and the advocate was picked up from his residence of Triplicane here this morning on the charge of harbouring the accused in the Padmanabha murder case.
Other Arrests Mr. T.V. Maduranayagam, another lawyer from Tiruchi has also been taken into custody. The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) has Continued on page 11

Page 11
15 DECEMBER 1991
Continued from page 10
charged that the execution of the killPadmanabha plot was discussed at a house rented by Maduranayagam. The RDX bombs used during the operation at Mr. Padmanabha's house were manufactured at this house in which Kiruban and Vicky alias Vigneshwaran were staying.
Also charged with involvement is V. Ravichandran, brother of the DMK Rajya Sabha MP, Mr. V. Gopalaswamy. Mr. Ravichandran is believed to have harboured Peria Santhan, who committed suicide in his Tiruchi hideout recently. Santhan's involvement in the Padmanabha massacre has been confirmed now. His fingerprints have matched the fingerprints found on the Maruti van and the Ambassador car that the killer squad had abandoned before escaping to Sri Lanka.
Among the nearly 30 persons arrested in connection with the killings are two Sri Lankans, Mr. Jaya Balasingam, and Mrs. Chandravadana both from Velvettithurai, the LTTE supremo, Mr. Prabhakaran's village.
The killer squad had stayed at Jaya Balasingam's house for 10 days before the massacre. The weapons used for the killing had also been stored in the same house. Mrs. Chandravadana has been charged with passing on information about the EPRLF cadre's movements to the killers. Mrs. Chandravadana, who was living near the EPRLF leader's flat, was directed to keep an eye on the comings and goings at the slain EPRLF leader's flat.
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Ex Impli
Madras, 30 Nove Home Secretary of Nagarajan, has ir ment made to a implicated the leat former Tamil Nad Karunanidhi for , unchecked activit the State.
Mr. Nagarajan November in conn of the murder of Padmanabha and and two other c LTTE. He has b sections 3, 4, 5 ani and Disruptive Ac Act (TADA).
In his 16-page given on oath be Class Magistrate c oharan, Mr. Naga have said that the only because of th Karunanidhi. He was submitted or forcing authoritic that allowing the . Tamil Nadu in th without check wo threat to the mair order and ultimate the State, but Mu failed to respond t
Speaking to r Tiruchi Governm Hospital where h special ward for Mr. Nagarajan sai was not confession his own volition there was “no poli ure” on him to m Denying reports t ers were meeting that he only saw ty a teacher from other his eldest so
Mr. Nagarajan s two letters, one ti Magistrate urging his hospitalisation designated court statement under : Criminal Procedu) He did not want to the police under se lot of legal implica Home Secretary, statement recorde ers of his own dep
Emphasising th sponsibility for e' statement he mac trate, Mr. Nagara "political pressure him. He said that
 
 

TAM TIMES 11
-Home Secretary cates Former C.M.
mber - The former Tamil Nadu, Mr. R.
a voluntary statejudicial magistrate ler of the DMK and u Chief Minister M. alleged growth and es of the LTTE in
was arrested on 21 ection with the case the EPRLF leader 14 of his colleagues ases involving the een charged under d 6 of the Terrorists tivities (Prevention)
typed statement fore the Judicial 1 of Tiruchi, Mr. Manrajan is reported to real trouble started 2 pro-LTTE policy of pointed out that it ally by the law enes to Karunanidhi LTTE militants into le guise of refugees ould pose a serious tenance of law and ly to the security of r. Karunanidhi had o it. eporters from the ment Headquarters e is admitted to a medical treatment, d that his statement ial but was made on and asserted that tical or police pressake the statement. hat CID police offichim in jail, he said vo persons — one was udukottai and the
Ω
aid that he had sent the Chief Judicial him to arrange for and the other to the requesting that his tection 164(5) of the e Code be recorded. give a statement to ction 162 for it had a tions. Having been a he did not want his d by the police officartment.
at he "owns full revery syllable of the e” before the Magisjan denied that any was exerted upon he was not guilty of
the charges brought against him under the TADA Act in both cases he said that he would contest the cases.
Mr. Nagarajan said that for every issue whether it was small or vital, those responsible needed a scapegoat. They were successfully doing this for a long time and the scapegoat was himself (Nagarajan). “Because I am a civil servant, I could not effectively answer. Since the deadline for my voluntary retirement also is over, I am starting to answer these questions”.
Apart from the patronage generously extended to the LTTE by officials and politicians during the DMK administration, Nagarajan has in his statement detailed several instances where investigations were impeded and arrested LTTE cadres released, and in this connection he has singled out officials including top police personnel, Karunanidhi’s son Mr. M.K. Alagiri and some ministers in the then State cabinet. In particular, the then Chief Minister's son who was based in Madurai and the then Social Welfare Minist er Mrs. Subb u lakshmi Jagadeesan have been specifically named.
Nagarajan has referred to an incident on 18 February 1990 in which alleged LTTE militants travelling in vehicles from Rameshwaram seashore when stopped at a checkpost at Pattinamkathan indiscriminately opened fire killing the policeman on duty and another civilian at another point, and in the third place more than ten persons were seriously injured. Later it was found that one of the persons in the Maruti van from which the firing occurred was an employee of Pandian Hotel in Madurai who had gone missing and who was a close friend of M.K. Alagiri. The contention of the investigative police team was "that there was no progress on Pattinamkathan shootout investigation because of the interference by Alagiri'.
In regard to the incident on 19 June 1990 in which the EPRLF leader and 14 others were murdered, Nagarajan has said that he telephoned the then Chief Minister who at that time was in New Delhi and informed him about the incident. The Director General of Police who was in contact with the then CM issued a statement on the same night of the incident denying any “LITTE involvement” in the shootout. The DGP also told him (Nagarajan) and other senior police officers that the then CM had asked him (DGP) "that the police need not evince keen interest to trace the killers till his (CM's)
Continued on page 12

Page 12
12 TAMIL TIMES
Continued from page 11
arrival for further instructions from him (CM)'. Karunanidhi returned from New Delhi on the following day (20.6.90) and requested the police "to meet him every day and inform of the progress of investigations. Thereafter, these officers reported to the then CM directly and only weekly reports were received by us in the Secretariat which reflected no progress. Myself and the Chief Secretary could see that there was a slackness on the part of the police to investigate the case and ultimately they reported that the assailants escaped. During this period, I was told by the 'Q' branch that some local LTTE men used to meet the then CM at his Oliver Road house and the details of such meetings and the names of these persons were known to K. Shanmuganathan who was his Deputy Secretary all the time and who had the contact addresses of these people and his Security Officers also knew about it.
Nagarajan has also implicated the then Social Welfare Minister, Mrs. Subbulakshmi Jagadeesan of being involved in pro-LTTE activities. In one instance, a 'Q' Branch Superintendent of Police had told him "that manufacturing LTTE uniform clothes for transportation to Sri Lanka for the use of the LTTE was going on at Erode and he also told me that this was done at the instance of Smt. Subbulakshmi Jagadeesan. Somewhere in the North Arcot district, the clothes were seized and later at the request of the Minister the clothes were returned to them without registering. It may be recalled that the Special Investigation Team (SIT) had discovered evidence to show that Mrs. Jagadeesan had provided shelter to Kanthan, an alleged LTTE accomplice in the Rajiv assassination who managed to give the slip to the Tamil Nadu police and escape to Jaffna.
In concluding his 16-paged statement Mr. Nagarajan said, “I swear that I carried out my responsibility with utmost devotion to duty and keeping the national interest above all as a member of the All India Service and my views on the LTTE would be very evidently available in certain files which I have dealt with and the details I had submitted to the government on 15.11.91. I had not shown any mercy or sympathy knowingly or unknowingly to the LTTE or any other Sri Lankan cadre nor aided them in any manner. I was the first officer who initiated the detention of LTTE men under the National Security Act. More than 80 LTTE hardcore militants were detained under my signature. When a special camp was formed at Wellore and more than 100 persons were kept inside, requests started coming for release of a few of them on the pleas
that they were
cautious approa the release of
refused to obey and recirculated the student was dent and should
"Right from th cident, the Padi and seizure at nakoil, Samaya illegal activities not aid abet anc activities. As v. statute and rule, ary M.M. Rajend Thiru M. Karu responsible and omissions and c ing this stateme ment under Sec. Procedure Code ment of witness circumstances as fession because any activities of harbouring the II
The former F pressmen that h
Karur Of
Madras, 1 Dece Chief Minister DMK leader, M fended himself a describing as "t false' the allega Home Secretary, the ex-Chief Min for the growth a ties of the LTTE
Denying the always been proindifferent to its Nadu, Karunani during his regim Tamil militants, to the LTTE, we National Security in special camps. Refuting the cl jan that Mr. Karl top Police officia killers of Padm colleagues, he sa keen to see tha nabbed and even ate rounding up Tamil militants they belonged. He in strong terms LTTE of TELO le TULF leader Am EPRLF leader Pa to how the Padr managed to esca Minister said: 'Sc escaped the drag the airport bomb

15 DECEMBER 1991
tudents. I had a very h at one incident for un alleged student I he orders of the CM the file with facts that not a bona-fide stunot be released.
2 Pattinamkathan inmanabha case, arrest hillainagar, Thiruvapuram and LTTE's n coastal areas, I did harbour any of their sted with power by the then Chief Secretran, and the then CM, nanidhi, were alone accountable for any mmissions. I am givit as my sworn state64(5) of the Criminal co be used as a state
and not under any a statement of con
was not a party for
aiding abetting and
Iome Secretary told le felt let down and
betrayed. There was a time very many lawyers and leading members of the DMK would call on him seeking favours. But now that he was in trouble no one had come to see him. Appearing very emotional and tears rolling down his cheeks, Mr. Nagarajan said that he was intimately associated with Mr. Karunanidhi for more than 20 years, both when he was in power and out of power. He had moved with Karunanidhi with “faith, gratitude and confidence' (nampikkai and viswasam). He underwent sufferings on several occasions because of his association with Mr. Karunanidhi and still cherished his affection for him. “But when the TADA Act was unleashed on me, Mr. Karunanidhi must have airdashed to Tiruchi” and met him to console him. Even if he was not able to come, at least he must have sent Mr. Murasoli Maran, (DMK MP). He said in Tamil "manidhabimanthin madippai indruthan therindu konden' (only today I have realised the respect given for human values). There was nothing to learn or talk about humanism any more, lamented Mr. Nagarajan.
hanidhi Rebuts Charges
pro-LTTE Activities
mber - The former of Tamil Nadu and M. Karunanidhi deit a press conference otally baseless and tions of the former R. Nagarajan that ister was responsible nd unchecked activiin the State.
:harge that he had LTTE and remained activities in Tamil dhi said that it was e that more than 80 of whom 30 belonged re booked under the Act and were lodged
large of Mr. Nagaraunanidhi directed the is not to pursue the anabha and his 14 id that he was very t the culprits were ordered the immediof all the Sri Lankan to whichever group also had condemned
the killing by the der Sri Sabaratnam, irthalingam and the dmanabha. Asked as hanabha killers had be, the former Chief me times extremists het as in the case of explosion in August
1984 during the AIADMK regime. Five or six persons were arrested and later they jumped bail'.
Mr. Karunanidhi also denied the charge made by Nagarajan that his son M.K. Alagiri interfered with the progress of police investigation into the shootout at Pattiamkathan in February 1990 in which a police constable and another person were shot dead by LTTE men. He said it was unfair to link his son with the missing employee of the Pandian Hotel who was reported seen in the Maruti van from which the gunmen shot.
In regard to the charge that he had boycotted the ceremonies to receive the last batch of the returning IPKF from Sri Lanka and in reply to the question as to why he denigrated the IPKF forgetting the treacherous LTTE ambushes killing more than 1500 IPKF personnel, Mr. Karunanidhi said, "I did not boycott, but declined to participate. The IPKF had failed to bring peace but on the other hand had tried to crush the Tamils. I salute the Indian army but only condemn the central government which misused them'.
The DMK leader added that what was surprising was that attempts were being made to give the impression as though the LTTE elements had entered Tamil Nadu after DMK's return
Continued on page 23

Page 13
15 DECEMBER 1991
When Tigers Eat Gl
The events of the past three months in the North-East of Sri Lanka have made it clear that the stalemate on the ground has been broken. What is indisputable, except in the LTTE's totally non-credible propaganda, is that the military balance has swung heavily against the armed Tamil extremists, raising questions about their very future.
In the field the Sri Lankan armed forces, which are professionally and in terms of armaments a quite different proposition from what they were five years ago have their tails up. After winning the battle of Elephant Passa miscalculated LTTE initiative pressed through an adventurist and very costly siege - the armed forces have gone from strength to strength. Essentially, they are on the offensive to weaken the military machine of the LTTE, impair its mobility, cut off its political stronghold, the Jaffna peninsula, from the mainland North and East, and expand the area of the contest under government control.
Intriguingly for those who know something about the capabilities and ways of the LTTE, the action has looked almost one-sided thus far. The armed forces have been able to take out three substantial militant camps in the jungles of Mullaithivu in the mainland North, follow this up by seizing five militant camps in Amparai district in the East; and easily beat back the Tiger detachment which stormed an army camp in a face-saving action in the vicinity of Mullaithivu town.
The next stage was "Operation Valampuri” which saw the well coordinated capture of the little islands of Mandaitivu, Kayts and Karainagar off the Jaffna peninsula; this was a blow to the LTTE's sea-faring capabilities. The campaign in the mainland and peninsular North will press on, switching tracks and targets to keep the Tigers militarily unsettled and politically insecure. The objective, at this stage, appears to be to force Prabhakaran to the negotiating table on the weakened terms or else take further punishment and humiliation.
This is not the first occasion since 1983 that Prabhakaran's organisation has come under massed military pressure. The Vadamarachchi offensive that preceded the conclusion of the Indo-Sri Lanka Agreement in 1987 was a trial which caused trauma and immense anxiety to the LTTE by demonstrating that it could not really stand like a conventional army and hold territory against a relentless foe armed with adequate firepower on the ground, air and sea and having few compunctions about civilian safety.
The prospect of bein in densely populated option but to stand a conventional force, wa psychologically the II heel against a Sinha military controll of Jaf was not quite the sa critical stage in the 1 'the Sri Lankan Tamils to bale the Tigers ou signal to Colombo in "We will not let yo
(Source: former P Jayewardene). The res history.
As for the IPKF all with self-imposed rest a-half hands tied to th it looked like achiev breakthrough and b) tremists to heel. But guerrilla tactics such a and ingenious mining the LTTE survived th ing the Indian restrair lians and also the con ruled out real cooperat Sri Lankan and India Prabhakaran’s orga managed to wrest mileage - arms and assistance and a welco tiation table by Presic with open arms, alt serious agenda.
But it is in the natu to be adventurist, to limits of its deadly make costly miscalcul cause seems on the up from the mistakes of organisations. The ex second rise and fall of Lanka is instructive. to March 1989, its s finitely on the rise - v capability delivering a hundred per day in and its politics closing For Prabhakaran's been downhill all the Gandhi's assassination The cyanide trail, things, has convinced convincing that which brutal and enormous c were the motives?
Basically, the LT" which nursed a strong antipathy towards Prir jiv Gandhi and his Sı calculated that his li power would come in fanatical struggle to ca rate Tamil Eelam th promising armed stru would he not accept the his track record sug

TAMIL TIMES 13
2SS
g boxed in withJaffna, with no nd fight like a s politically and TTE's Achilles la foe. (Losing na to the IPKF ne thing.) At a 86-87 crisis for , India was able t by sending a word and deed: u take Jaffna' resident J.R. t is mishandled
hough it fought raints ("one-ande back') at times ring a military ringing the exadopting classic s'melting away and ambushes, e fight. Exploithts vis-a-vis civiitradictions that ion between the in governments, Inisation even some political communications me to the negolent Premadasa hough with no
re of extremism over-reach the capabilities, to ations when the , to fail to learn other extremist perience of the the JVP in Sri From July 1987 tar seemed dewith its striking death rate of a December 1988 in on Colombo.
LTTE, it has way from Rajiv
among other everyone worth carried out this rime. But what
TE leadership antagonism and me Minister Rai Lanka policy kely return to the way of its rve out a separough uncomggle. Not only extremist goal; gested that he
The LTTE blinded by the intensity and enormity of its decision to liquidate a former Indian prime minister who was widely expected to be prime minister again, thought it could ride out the storm and benefit from the effects of its action. Poetic justice has ensured that Just the opposite has happened, says N. Ram.
would not accept the extremist organisation's claim to be the liberation movement. The sole and legitimate representative of the Tamils. He was also likely to impede its plan of continuing to use Tamil Nadu as a rear base in the military struggle.
The intention of returning to an activist policy on Sri Lanka was no secret. It was spelt out in the Congress election manifesto: "the Congress reiterates its commitment to the IndoSri Lanka Agreement of July 1987 as the basis for the settlement of outstanding issues relating to the Tamil population of Sri Lanka. It will continue its endeavours to find solutions to problems in a manner that will secure the rights of the Sri Lankan Tamils, safeguard our national security interests and ensure the territorial integrity of Sri Lanka. Significantly no other political party or formation which had a chance of coming to power at the Centre was committed to the framework of the Indo-Sri Lanka Agreement as the basis for settling the "outstanding issues' relating to the Tamil question.
For a Pol Potist organisation with zero regard for human life or democratic values, these considerations added up to a strong, irresistible motivation for heinous murder - although Indian Intelligence failed miserably to track this motivation once the IPKF came Continued on page 23

Page 14
14 TAMIL TIMES
Every oppressive political tendency needs to erase historical memory and substitute its own mytho-history. Everything that is a big lie must shrink and shrivel before even a tiny beam of the light of truth. The LTTE understood this well. The extent of repression to which it could allow itself to go depended much on the visible threat posed to the Tamil people as a whole. During the period of good relations with the government, in early 1990, its oppressive methods were running into trouble. Even after the war had begun, its new wave of repression coincided with news of large scale massacres and disappearances in the East, and began about early September 1990.
Regardless of their current passivity and resignation, it set about arresting those with remote past militant connections - particularly those small but politically articulate groups - the others having fled or having already faced death or imprisonment. Those in Jaffna from these groups, which had long been defunct, had quietly become inactive without ever challenging the LTTE. The LTTE's moves against these persons appeared to be mere paranoia at that time. But the situation has become clear now. These persons were living monuments to historical memory, an intolerable link with the past, with past ideals of the militant movement and a time when there were many groups fighting the oppression of the Sri Lankan state.
The war against historical memory has now been organised on a systematic and thorough footing. The most recent purge of May-June was aimed at the Theepori (Sparks) group. This group had split from the PLOTE in early 1985 protesting against its internal repression, and the most remarkable thing they did was to document their experiences inside the PLOTE in a book with the title 'A new kind of world'. They remained totally passive and their book was and continues to be widely circulated by the LTTE. Three of its members recently detained were students of the University of Jaffna.
Within the University of Jaffna itself the 1st and 2nd years are isolated from 3rd and 4th years and are handled differently. They are addressed, admonished and warned in separate meetings. The 3rd and 4th years are a link with the history of the university when it was a different place, when discussion was open and the university took positions against oppression, irrespective of whether it came from the LTTE or the IPKF.
In schools again, the teachers are watched by students taken out, trained and brought back. The LTTE frequently addressed meetings at schools. In addition to the public display of weapons and uniforms, young teenagers are fed with a history which
T H
(An excerpt frc
is totally sanitis clear evidence of generation with As we have se and members o co-opted in this gers are thus I leaders and mer as far as they a lies are concerne dying.
Breakit
With all the a deceit, children : large numbers fighting force : many. Many of movement with with them. Wes breaking them, of testimony giv succeeded in lea
After a coupl initial allure har oppressive and to leave. One of man in charge home. Immediat led together anc home was giv thrashing. The O to go then kept who succeeded in the camp and as Each child was and asked if he v
anSWer WaS COn
In due course that made them given the free torturing prison
Another revea a young girl joined the LTTE a toddy tapper v fell from a palm was desperate. operation last ceived a letters by a labourer. daughter said Nelliady girls' wanted to go h four girls from taken to Jaffna back, makingh
The mother w friend to plead the camp repea presence. In de produced her

15 DECEMBER 1991
he War Against storical Memory
m Report of the University Teachers for Human Rights
(Jaffna), 28 August 1991)
2d. There is thus very an attempt to mould a ut links with the past. n, several academics the elite have been xercise. Young teenaushed into dying for bers of the elite, who ld perhaps their famid, have no intention of
ng the colts
lures of falsehood and tre children. That such are mobilised into a seems remarkable to them remain in the grave doubts and die hall take one aspect in presented on the basis "en by teenagers who ving the movement.
e of days inside, the d gone, life inside was many of them wanted the children told the that he wanted to go ely, everyone was calhe who wanted to go 'en a sound public thers who also wanted quiet. Their parents tracing them came to ked for their children. faced with his parents vished to go home. The sistently 'no'. a few were given drugs feel violent. They were dom to let loose by ers. . . and so it went.
ling instance is that of rom Karaveddy who . Her father had been who had died when he yrah tree. Her mother During the Jaffna Fort year, the mother renuggled out of a camp The letter from her that she was in the amp and desperately ome. She added that the camp had been Fort and had not come r very much afraid.
ent to the camp with a her case. The leader of tedly denied the girl's speration, the mother laughter's letter. The
leader read the letter, called out the girl, and in her mother's presence slapped her and kicked her with her boot. She then sent the mother away telling her that her daughter will never be released.
Those who normally succeed in getting their children out are members of the elite. It is a reflection of Tamil
politics today that a force which cyni
cally treats those at the bottom of the social ladder in this manner is projected as a revolutionary force. Some western academics even appear to credit it as standing for caste liberation.
Mobilising the civilian population One aspect of mobilisation of civilians is propaganda and a genuine fear of the Sri Lankan army. Those whose children get killed in the LTTE's cause are at first angry. Subsequently their child is praised as a martyr and the parents are made to feel that they had done an invaluable service in sacrificing a child.
In many areas economic life is at a stand-still because of a situation created jointly by the LTTE and the government for different reasons. In some areas people have had little choice, but to sell their labour to the LTTE in return for daily wages. In the Vanni region much damage to economic life has resulted from the "guerrilla operations' of the Sri Lankan army - Advance, Loot, and Return to Base. Here, a special propaganda appeal is being made by the LTTE to the people by promoting their legendary hero, Pandara Vanniyan, as the forerunner and prototype of Prabakaran.
In some areas, government rations to displaced persons have been used as a means of securing forced labour. Here the Grama Sevaka has to complete two sets of forms, one for the government and the other for the LTTE. The LTTE has to certify a day's labour by a member of the family before the week's rations could be released.
The two sovereigns of gold tax per family in Jaffna is now being vigorously pursued. In some cases people had been imprisoned until the money was found. In one school near Thinnevely, about May, ten girls were picked up after school, several of them daughters of out-of-work farmers. They were released after the sovereigns were paidoften after borrowing from several friends and relatives.

Page 15
15 DECEMBER 1991
The LTTE, it could be said, has tried learly every means in the handbook of repression short of physical conscription. Its uneasy edifice cannot hold together or derive whatever legitimacy, without the fear of, and oppression coming from the politics of the Sri Lankan state. The people of course resent both and would like to protest. But every little space has been smothered by intertwined events. Ewery turn of the LTTE's screw of repression received its licence from, and is traceable to repressive actions and massacres by the state. The invisible spiral of events has thus been moving Lowards total war. As we have shown in this and the previous volumes, total war and not peace is the logical culmination of the LTTE's politics a Tid its only hope of survival. Yogi had said on May Day of 1987, that civilians dying is a small matter. A small fraction of its population then, he said, was enough to people the new world of Tamil Eeları.
It is left to those who mean well to understand this politics as Inot just abominable, but also fragile, thriving merely on the weakness, wickedness and stupidity of others. Total war is an unmitigated tragedy that must be Hverted.
Crackdown in the University of Jaffna
Dominic (Nobert) was a leading member of the "Theep ori' (Spark) group. Following the repression that began in September last year, Dominic fled Jaffna in October. He returned to Jaffna in May in order to make a TTangements for the safety of some members who were associated with them and were stuck in Jaffna. The news that he was staying in a house in Kokku will was leaked to the LTTE by an informer in the neighbourhood. He was soon picked up by the LTTE. This was quickly followed by the arrests of another 3 members of this group from the university,
The arrests of these students took place about two days after the arrest of Nobert. On 22nd May Sellathurai Srinivasan (2nd year Geography Special) of Potpathy Road, Kokkuvil, and Nagalingan Govindarajan (3rd year Commerce), of Warani, were arrested.
Srinivasan was from a family of 7 boys and 2 girls. Two brothers had been in the PLOTE and later among the Theepori dissidents in 1985. Nabert is said to have hidden in Sriniwasan's sister's house at the time of his arrest.
Alther student Thirukethee's 1st year Arts) was arrested at the university a few days later, by LTTE cadres accompanied by MMK studonts, the MMK being a one time cultural organisation and now effectively the policing arm of the LTTE
within the univer had wanted to seet He was told, in res. need. If he knows t he will understan represented by ch ukethees running to hide. A few day: an LTTE function junior students in derts häd bEBTl der detained colleague charges against th wasan, besides his cu5ed ufplammingt dissident paper foT charge against Intru ironic: He is = hiddem a Theep [pri the PLOTE! Thir vague charge of . til. Editor therm "W", calling those detair
the LTTE, but body. Having wor! climax, Editor aske punishrinert shoul detainees. A silen voice then suggest them', tuTTing whE a gory climax int[]
Editor went into is mot im IT dicti then warned ther because they are adding that they h of detainees and d seo TheOnce is from th:: The students were L'TEwa 51 E. c. In 4th years as they that the others hal An MMK student Editor the yote of the students' gra found discipu TSE. observed that this to break With trad tory and mould an in narrow mental
About a mornth li: announced that a ing would take pl: Auditorium the 24th June.
The students WE a senior academic student counsellor to address them. students, he told til weeds left in the u not be tolerated, T plucked up and Student8 war: & afraid. The firr counsellor went on traitors, despite that inquiries had Hie algo listel M traits,
Following the IT found that all exit. had been shut.

TAMIL TIMES 15
Hity. Thirukethees he Wice Chancellor. ponse, "There is no he LTTE tok you, d". This was later ng LTTE as Thitinto the university 3 later Editrat Flavi, ary addressed the isolatica IL. The stunanding to see their 8. Editor gave the ose detained. Sriniassociations, is aco help in running a the Theepori. The Govindarajan was Hid to have in 1985 dissident hunted by ukethees had the supplying informaent intro a harangue led not just traitors als to the student ked himself upto a d the students what d be given to the ce followed. A long ed Teekly"Pardon at should have been an anti-climax,
a rage. That word nary, he said. He not to be funny university students, ave a large number o not care whether e university Cor not. also told that the erred with 3rd and were going out, but dbetter look sharp. duly rose and gave thanks, expressing titude for his proWe have already is part of the effort ition, obliterate hisew generation withconfines, ater, the LTTE Tadico student union Theetace at Kaila sapathy following morning,
tre surprised to find
and for III ET SEIlir
going up the stage
In addressing the herm, "There a Te still Iniversity, They will hese weeds must be cast away..." The hell-shocked, and 1er Senior student to call the detainees arlier having said not been concluded. uslims among the
eeting, the students s from the university The StudErlLS WETE
herded out through the main entrance, were handed prepared slogans, and were importuned to participate in a demonstration protesting the arrest of a student Jaya seelan in Batticaloa, by the army and the massacres in the East. Tobar escape, the demonstration was escorted on its flanks by the MMK. After the demonstration had commenced there was suddenly a change of slogan. The cry, "Release all students detained", was heard colling from the middle section, The "police rushed to the centre of the commution and an argument ensued, mainly with 1st Wars.
The senior academic addressing a student meeting not called by the union, and in such intimidating terms, is something totally unprecedented in the history of the University of Jaffna, Such persoms would ut other tirnes remark that should the army come into Jaflna, they would all beLCme born again Sri Lankans. Nor do they act under compulsion, There are humble school heads who have refused to receive the LTTE's leading personage Anton Balasingham during his routine "Pied Piper' mission to schools. The LTTE knows the limits to which it can push individuals, Sycophancy has long been a respectable academic tradition in this country, By comparison the decency and courage of a number of ordinary, vulnerable, students in an atmosphere of terror, is remarkable.
We had observed that the Theepori group had existed passively, at best as a literary circle. While telling the public that they were traitors, the LTTE circulated copies of their 'A new kind of world', found where Dominic Was staying. More ironically, the same book describing the repressive atmosphere within the PLOTE, is now being serialised in an LTTE journal published in Canada, Those authors now in LTTE hands, may be undergoing much of what they had described in their own book, as a prophetic warning about the direction of the militancy in general.
We observe that the backdrop to the singular event in the university on 24th June was the situation in the East, culminating in the Kokkadichcholai massacre. At present the studentsare mostly cynical, are Waiting to get out, and will only raise issues in a cursory manner that is not sustained. With the socially conscientious students suppressed and without the ability to organise around issues, it is the frivolous element that gains publicity, and this in turn is used by the Tigers to isolate the university. The situation contrasts sharply with times when there was a great deal of free discussion. In May 1977, the university Science Students Union even sent a team
Continued on page 17

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15 DECEMBER 1991
Continued from page 15
to investigate the plight of hill-country Tamil workers from Delta North Estate, Pussellewa, who had been subjected to a grievous communally motivated attack, and a balanced, mature report was published and distributed. The student body then was conscious of playing a role in nation-building, embracing the wider Tamil speaking community. Today all that has been dashed to pieces. The handful of students at present who are seen to have character and have personally refused to compromise with untruth are closely watched by the MMK. The students detained had previously received several visits from the MMK.
During the recent Elephant Pass campaign, the LTTE's propaganda chief, Yogi, observed angrily in a public speech, that young persons in their early teens were dying on the battle field, while those in their twenties were donating blood. He said that it should have been the other way round. Why this reversal of roles over the last five years before when it was those of a mature age who died fighting, is a question that Yogi dare notask.
Martyred at Silavathurai
Senthooran (Castro) of Kali Kovilady, Jaffna, was among the brightest students at Jaffna Central College, having scored 8 distinctions at his O.L.s. Both his parents were in Germany. Shortly after the outbreak of war in June 1990, he went to Colombo with the intention of joining his parents. He was refused his visa as the German embassy found an apparent hitch in his papers. His father sent a message asking him to get back to Jaffna and follow his A.L.s. He went back to staying with his aunt in Jaffna
and was unhappy, thi in studies. This is wh join the LTTE.
Having joined, he to he met, “I would like gun is ever before m year he went as group the many units sent to camp at Silavathurai sector. He was ask against the camp. accounts coming frol protested that it wou advance by daylight sited in open land. manded and ordered was an early victim shelling.
Senthooran's death receive official publi were the first to pri condolence notices p then that the LTTE : notice.
His picture then we and in speeches he wa a worthy martyr for a heart, and an examp rests another in the a a small atom of a big
The Jaffn
Thileepan gave thi Jaffna momentous sig fore commencing his 1987. He called it as sion of the Tamil Nati the war, the LTTE b capturing the Fort. " army withdrew fro September last year. commenced the der archaeological treasun of oppression. About after the LTTE takeov church, one of the
Continued from page 13
home. The net LTTE calculation must have been that Rajiv dead was more useful to the 'cause' than Rajiv alive. Exactly the reverse has been demonstrated in political terms.
From June 1990 to may 1991, the former prime minister repeatedly raised concern over what was happening in the Tamil areas as a result of the operations conducted by the Sri Lankan army. On March 5 and 15, 1991, he met an LTTE representative and sympathiser for friendly discussions hinting at an attitude of conditional and moderate support to the Tamil struggle.
His ally, AIADMK leader Jayalalitha, indicated her mind and feelings on Sri Lanka in a newspaper interview conducted in April 1991: "As long as the genocide continues in Sri Lanka and, Tamil youth are rounded up and killed, refugees will be pouring into India. We cannot turn them away
because it is our duty relief and rehabilitatic cide continues unabat will be nothing wrong a military option as II in the case of Banglac Practice, the LTTE bring its wounded fig ment to South India under President's Rul a sympathetic Congre attitude on the groun
The LTTE blinded and enormity of its quidate a former Indi ter who was widely prime minister again, ride out the storm and effects of its action. F ensured that just tl happened.
As the Sri Lankaar on with their offensi land as well as the p there is a deafening si perhaps even tacit ap

TAMIL TIMES 17
s losing interest in he decided to
ld friends whom to leave. But a . In March this leader in one of attack the army in the Mannar ed to advance
According to n survivors, he d be suicidal to owards a camp He was reprito proceed. He
of the army's
did not at first ity. His friends nt and circulate rivately. It was appeared to take
nt up on posters s commemorated cause close to his ble to others. So rms ofeternity – lie.
a Fort
2 Dutch Fort in nificance just befast to death in ymbol of oppreson. Thus early in banked much on The Sri Lankan m the Fort in The LTTE then nolition of this e turned symbol
the first to go ver was the large finest pieces of
Dutch architecture in this country, handed over by the government to the Jaffna Christian Union in the 60s. The walls of the fort are now in the process of demolition.
The “Muththamil Vila” organised by the LTTE during the middle of the year to commemorate Tamil culture
was one of those occasions when
streams of visitors were allowed into what remains of the Fort.
One of those things that survives intact is the Fort prison, not lacking in inmates. Additional housing for prisoners took the form of several tin huts with slits about a foot above the ground, and circular holes with tubes above the slits, for prisoners to pass urine. Persons inside were trying to attract the attention of the visitors, who had accidentally strayed from the visitors' area. An LTTE man came rushing and shooed them away. He then banged the tin hut to stop the prisoners from calling out. Each hut was estimated to contain up to 20 persons.
An LTTE boy casually explained later that the prisoners were LTTE cadres who wanted to leave the organisation and had given notice. Their punishment was to spend a year on one meal a day demolishing the Fort stone by stone. They are allowed visitors once a month. After a year, they could leave. A prisoner told a visitor, "This thing is so torturous that it would have been easier to join the Black Tiger suicide unit'. If this is the condition of prisoners who are LTTE members, the conditions under which other prisoners live are left to conjecture.
It looks as though the treasured parts of the Fort would go. But the prison quarters may remain as a symbol of "liberation'.
to provide them in... If the genoed, Ithink there if India thinks of dira Gandhi did esh.”
was allowed to hters for treat
from mid 1991 2; this pointed to ss and AIADMK l.
by the intensity
decision to lian prime minisexpected to be thought it could
benefit from the
oetic justice has e opposite has
lmed forces press e on the mainninsular North, ence from India; roval.
In balance, public opinion in Tamil Nadu and the rest of India would probably be happy if Prabhakaran's organisation is subjugated without much of a civilian toll. In March 1988, Jayalalitha characterised the Tigers as 'young and idealistic' and warned Rajiv Gandhi against any harm that might befall Prabhakaran; today she would have no inhibition in branding them as anti-Indian terrorists. The basic assumptions of India's post-1983 policy towards Sri Lanka no longer exist.
The terms of the struggle, and the internal and external perceptions, have changed profoundly. Barring a hardcore of Sri Lankan Tamil support, the LTTE has few friends round the world. In fact hardly anyone of consequence refers to the fighting as an 'ethnic conflict anymore. That is essentially the achievement of the LTTE's Pol Potist extremism and bru
tality.
- Current.

Page 18
18 TAMIL TIMES
Šጇሯ Rao Emerges Strc
TA
After By-electio
by Mayank Chhaya
NEW DELHI - Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao has emerged politically stronger from last week's byelections in 15 parliamentary constituencies which were viewed as a referendum on his government’s performance.
The ruling Congress Party won seven of the 11 seats for which the results were declared. This includes Nandyal in Andhra Pradesh where Rao notched up a world record victory margin of over 580,297 votes. Defence Minister Sharad Pawar, contesting from his home town of Baramati in Maharashtra won his seat by 458,000 votes. Both defeated candidates of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). In former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi’s constituency, Amethi in Uttar Pradesh, his close friend Satish Sharma won by nearly 100,000 votes, also over a BJP rival.
Since the by-election in any case did not offer the Congress party a chance to gain a simple majority in a House of 520 seats, its results were watched more as a response to the Rao government’s performance so far, especially its economic reforms. From that standpoint, the party seems to have found a degree of popular acceptance. It will now have 234 seats, 27 short of a simple majority of 261. With its allies the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhgam (AIADMK) the Muslim League and the United Communist Party of India, the party has reasonable strength in Parliament.
Some Seats Remain Vacant
Even after these by-elections 23 seats would still remain vacant. They include 13 in Punjab, where elections have been promised for February, six in Jammu and Kashmir, where nobody knows if and when they would be held and three seats (Purnea and Patna in Bihar and Meerut in Uttar Pradesh) which are involved in lawsuits involving previous elections. By-elections in the New Delhi constituency, where film stars Rajesh Khanna of the Congress and Shatrughna Sinha of the BJP are contesting, were countermanded owing to the death of an independent candidate. Partial repoll was ordered in three parliamentary constituencies in Bihar by the Election Commission. The results for these seats will be declared after the repoll.
The BJP won two seats, the Bahujan
Samah Party each. Countir Cudapah in Ar Congress candi In the abse issues, the byterest only in t tests. There wa Prime Ministe constituency to never visited after filing p Nandyal a hig pre-poll intimic ty workers of against Rao. I were roughed u workers in orc from entering an instance of heart condition ly bashed up b. in league with
The election tuency came i ments in the newspaper rep ter's victory Wins, But Wit beavers in th trying to curr towards creati could not but Narasimha R. said. The papel having been r satraps.
A cartoon in Rao making a his two fing Throughout tl fraud and alle raised by then other parties, silence.
Quite curio had boasted be headed for a n Book of Record margin. Rao d the mention. Vilas Paswan, ter in the V.P. had won the jipur in Bihar
55 P. The importa on two levels. first ever elect without the il Gandhi family Congress Part
 
 

15 DECEMBER 1991
and Forward Bloc one g was continuing in dra Pradesh where the date was leading.
nce of any overriding elections generated inerms of individual cons special interest in the 's nomination from a which he belongs but once for campaigning ll papers. What lent profile was reports of ation by Congress Paranyone who contested ndependent candidates pallegedly by Congress er to discourage them the contest. There was an aspirant dying of s after he was reportedy some people allegedly the party. neering in this constin for some sharp commedia. The Statesman orted the Prime Minisunder a headline “Rao hout Grace.' The eager e Congress, obviously y favours, did so much ng his record win which sully the reputation of ao,” the paper’s report spoke of the by-election igged by the Congress
the Indian Express had 'V' for victory sign with fers depicting guns. he allegations of ballot ged use of sordid means hain opposition BJP and
Rao maintained total
asly, Rao's supporters fore the poll that he was ention in the Guinness s for the biggest victory pes indeed seem set for He would replace Ram a former Labour MinisSingh government, who 1989 election from Haby 504,448 votes.
rcent Voting
nce of this election was Dn one level, it was the ion in the last 40 years fluence of the NehruRao became the first leader to seek a sort of
"mini' general election without the family's overbearing presence. The other gauge was the number of voters. Nearly 21 million people were covered in 15 parliamentary and 56 state assembly constituencies. Some 55 percent voters exercised their franchise. This election was big enough to test the Rao government's standing.
In political terms, the aftermath of the by-elections may bring with it a split in the V.P. Singh-led Janata Dal party. Ajit Singh, a former Industry Minister, has been openly speaking against V.P. Singh, and speculation was that he would join the Congress Party after the by-elections. In an interview with a news video recently Ajit Singh 'categorically' stated that he would never join the Congress Party. But when asked if there was any guarantee for that he added a rider: "There are no guarantees in life.' If he joins the party along with some 20 members of Parliament, then the Rao government could attain a simple majority. Political analysts point to the vacant position of industry minister in the government and say it could be a bait for the U.S.-educated Ajit Singh.
But beyond this complex political arithmetic lies a subtle but unmistakable change within the Congress Party and left of the centre parties attitude towards it. Over six months after Rajiv Gandhi's death, the party is no more an object of contempt for other party leaders. There are reports that the new Congress leadership, free from the Nehru-Gandhi stranglehold, is already ‘chipping away” at Rajiv Gandhi’s legacy. Rao has already sloughed off his timid and undecisive image which he acquired when Gandhi was alive.
Party insiders
Party insiders say Rao's "demeanor' has changed in the last four months. He asserts himself like never before and is ever more willing to make his presence felt in party affairs. The movement to foist Sonia Gandhi on the party turned out to be shortlived making Rao less anxious about his position.
Though the outcome is unlikely to allow Rao the kind of flexibility he would ideally expect, it certainly brings more confidence for him. He had acquired a reputation as a leader without any mass base though he won the parliamentary election from Ramtek in Maharashtra in 1989. His overwhelming victory from Nandyal is bound to reverse that image. Despite frequent reports in the media, there is so far no serious challenge to his leadership within his party. His main opposition comes from the BJP, which too seems to have become indulgent towards him with its leader calling Rao the "most respected Prime Minister.' The threat from V.P. Singh has been
Continued on page 23

Page 19
15 DECEMBER 1991
Amnesty
Human Rig in North-E
(Continued from last issue) . i po
In another incident reported to Amnesty International, a convoy of Tamil civilians travelling to Batticaloa from Colombo and Valachchenai on 20 February 1991 were attacked by Muslim th home guards outside Eravur. Six passengers on the buses were Bl killed. Others were injured, and some are unaccounted for. A be report by Associated Press on 21 February 1991 said that the Th attack, which it ascribed to a "Muslim mob', appeared to be in In retaliation for the killing of two Muslims by the LTTE at Saddam rig Hussein village, outside Batticaloa, on 19 February 1991. un However, witnesses have said that home guards in uniform were ve responsible. A military escort had been provided to protect the convoy. However, the military escort turned back at the home ve guard checkpoint at the southern side of Eravur, leaving the mo convoy unprotected for the last part of its journey into Batticaloa. th: The convoy was attacked soon after. According to reports, shots ity were fired at the buses, and the driver of one bus was shot dead. dri His bus left the road and the passengers tried to escape, but were Fu attacked with knives by home guards. The bus was set on fire. sol Other buses in the convoy apparently proceeded to Batticaloa. rel From the reports received by Amnesty International, it appears Tr that the military did nothing to prevent this attack, nor to Ar intervene once it had begun. Amnesty International understands that the army camp is located close to the scene of the attack, and hu within earshot of gunfire. Yet no soldiers arrived to prevent the of attack continuing or to help the survivors. The Ministry of ex Defence denies this. It has informed Amnesty International that As the fact that the escort had returned was not exceptional as no ea escorts were considered necessary during that period in that to area. It also claims that several passengers were saved by ly soldiers who had rushed to the spot. The army also claims to have transported the injured to hospital. After the event, the military de commander for the area is reported to have instructed commanders of the home guards that if another such incident occurred, foll the army would recall the weapons issued to home guards. Amnesty International does not know of any inquiry held into
the incident, nor of any attempt by the authorities to identify and Sa prosecute those responsible for these killings. It has not found any evidence of survivors having been taken to the hospital by (In the army.
Reports of killings committed by a so-called vigilante group in Batticaloa in late April 1991 were a most disturbing develop- WI. ment. The methods used in the killings were much the same as , those used by death squads believed to be linked to the security iti forces in the south in recent years. Headless bodies were reportedly found in the Batticaloa area on several occasions in th April 1991. The heads had apparently been severed. Notices had R
been placed near at least one of the victims saying that they had been killed by the "Black Cobras' - a hitherto unknown group. CC] According to reports, on 26 April two headless bodies were found
at Iruthayapuram; on 27 April, three more were seen at Mandur; th and on 28 April two further headless bodies were dumped near an STF camp near Kallady bridge. On 27 April, the body of Sivagnanam Sathgunanandan, the younger brother of an area 鹊 leader of the LTTE, was reportedly found in a sack at Sinna Oppuwadi, Batticaloa. It bore stab wounds. According to a report in The Island, Colombo, of 1 May 1991, he had been abducted 凯 from his workplace at the telecommunications centre in Battica
loa by unidentified armed men on 24 April. A poster found near his body said the "Black Cobras' had killed him as punishment p for helpers, relations and family members of Tigers'. Other
 
 
 

TAM TIMES 19
international
ghts Violations East Sri Lanka
sters are reported to have appeared in Batticaloa town reatening death to any person who has contact with the LTTE.
The Ministry of Defence has informed Amnesty International at “in the case of the headless bodies claimed to be an act of ack Cobras, it has not been possible to establish who were hind it. It is strongly believed to be an act of a rival group. ere has been no further incidents by that group." Amnesty ternational has not received any further reports of human hts violations by the "Black Cobras' from Batticaloa District. It derstands that the President of Sri Lanka personally interned in this matter.
Abductions by groups of armed men in plainclothes and driving hicles without number-plates had been reported several onths earlier from Trincomalee. For example, on 15 July 1990 ree security officers working at the Trincomalee Port Authorwere reportedly abducted by such a group near the jetty, and ven off in a black pick-up truck which had no number-plates. rther arrests in Trincomalee were reportedly carried out by diers out of uniform. For example, in July 1990, 14 people were portedly taken into custody from Nilaveli refugee camp, incomalee District, by army personnel wearing black clothes. nnesty International does not know their names or their fate.
Amnesty International has gathered full details about many ndreds of cases of people reported to have "disappeared'. Many these people are believed to be victims of extrajudicial acution, deliberately killed in custody and disposed of secretly. large numbers of "disappearances' began to be reported in the st in June 1990, burning bodies were regularly seen in several wns and other bodies - some apparently with the heads severed were washed up from the sea. These bodies were often believed be those of the 'disappeared'. One person, who had been ained at Plantain Point army base in Trincomalee and then eased, described the fate of fellow-detainees to a journalist as ows:
I was kept blindfolded for two days and beaten with iron bars. I w some of my friends being beaten to death. Then their corpses re heaped together with tyres and burnt inside the camp.' dependent, London, 8 April 1991)
in some cases known to Amnesty International, a relative has in able to identify a body found by the road as that of a person o had been detained. Inquiries made with the security forces or government authores about the whereabouts of detainees frequently produce no sult, or an unsatisfactory explanation. It is possible, however, at some of those who have been reported as 'disappeared' may held in unacknowledged detention, as the authorities have led to provide lists of those held in their custody. Most mmonly, relatives or others inquiring on their behalf are faced th a denial by the security forces that a missing person is in eir custody, even when the arrest took place in front of tnesses. For example, on 29 August 1990 the Batticaloa Peace mmittee, a citizens group which makes representations to the thorities on behalf of relatives of prisoners, submitted a list to e army headquarters in the town of 380 people who had portedly "disappeared' after being taken into custody. Those ted were reported to have been detained at various times tween mid-June and mid-August 1990. On 21 September, the igadier at the headquarters replied, saying that three of the ople listed, who he named, had been “taken into custody for eir alleged involvement in terrorist activities and subsequently Continued on page 21

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20 TAMIL TIMES
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15 DECEMBER 1991
Continued from page 19
handed over to CID for Legal action. . . . Please note that no
other person mentioned in the referred list was taken into custody by the Security Forces under this Headquarters.' Alternatively, when such inquiries are made the security forces may admit that certain people had been arrested, but then claim that they were released soon after.
Reports indicate that members of the regular security forces - the army, the police and the Special Task Force (STF) - were responsible for many of the reported extrajudicial executions and 'disappearances'. Others were reportedly perpetrated by home guards who launched retaliatory attacks on Tamil civilians, with the apparent acquiescence of the security forces, following attacks committed by the LTTE.
In spite of the many instances of 'disappearances' and deliberate killings committed by government forces, Amnesty International is also aware of some instances in which individual officers have intervened to save the life of a person who was likely to be killed. One example is given above.
Those who have 'disappeared' have been detained in a variety of circumstances. Many have "disappeared following round-ups of large numbers of people for screening as potential LTTE suspects. During such operations, people are often screened by local Muslims co-operating with the security forces or by members of Tamil groups opposed to the LTTE, which also co-operate with the security forces. The round-up of potential suspects has been reported from refugee camps as well as from villages. Young Tamil men are particularly likely to be rounded up, but the names of old men, women and young children also appear on lists of those who have "disappeared after being arbitrarily detained. These people could not all have reasonably been considered terrorist suspects: the list of "disappeared' people from one round-up in Batticaloa district, for example, includes babies only months old together with their mothers.
Others reported to have "disappeared' have been taken into detention individually from their homes, were detained while walking along the street, or removed by security forces or home guards from the buses or other vehicles in which they were travelling.
The extrajudicial executions, burning of bodies and 'disappearances' started in several towns in the east within days of government forces moving in. Father Eugene Hebert, an American Jesuit priest who has lived in Sri Lanka for 42 years, described the outbreak of killings in Batticaloa as follows in a letter to his brother-in-law:
"When the army first came in on June 25 no shot was fired as the Tamil Tigers had withdrawn to fight first in Jaffna. But then began arrests of innocent citizens, looting, killings and burning on public roads to terrorize the people, etc. I had to supervise the burial of two, a man and a woman, who had been killed, put into a sack and thrown off the bridge into the lagoon just in front of St. Sebastian's Church. They had been in the water three days before we were able to get the army to let us bury them.
"There has been some improvement lately. The Peace Committee . . . has made many representations to the Army authorities. Their efforts have stopped the burning of bodies on the public roads and there have not been any persons thrown off the bridge for two weeks now. But the arrests of boys, mostly innocent, continue.'
This letter was written on 4 August 1990. The note of optimism in the second paragraph quoted was probably ill-founded "disappearances' and extrajudicial executions continued to be committed in large number in the Batticaloa area after this date, and Father Hebert himself apparently "disappeared on 15 August 1990 while travelling from Valaichchenai to Batticaloa on a red scooter, along a road which was reportedly deserted except for regular army checkpoints."
In Pottuvil, Thirukkovil and other towns in Amparai District, STF officers are reported to have assured civilians that they would not be harmed. However, in town after town in the east, and with particular intensity at first in towns where the LTTE had taken captive and killed policemen, 'disappearances and extrajudicial executions of Tamil civilians began soon after government forces moved in.

TAM TIMES 21
One person interviewed by Amnesty International explained w he, together with about 50-60 others, was rounded up at araitivu, Amparai District on 21 June 1990 and produced fore an approximately 20-year-old boy who was forced by two ldiers sitting on each side of him to identify them as LTTE pporters. He said that 15 of them were pointed out, including m. One of those taken protested his innocence and told the ldiers to make inquiries about him at the local police station as was a policeman. He identified himself as Chithravel Sivalingh. The witness said:
Two soldiers then beat him with two large logs. They beat him the chest two or three times. He shouted first, then no more ise came. He fell down and began to rattle.
The bodies of Chithravel Sivalingam and five others, killed in a milar way, were put into a CTB bus. One of the prisoners forced carry them to the bus, was also hit at the door of the bus and shed inside. The witness said he got this news later from the soner pushed into the bus who had been able to escape with rtial burns.
tlected cases of 'disappearance' and extrajudicial executions
Several Tamil policemen were among those reported to have sappeared' in Amparai District. They had been taken prisoner the LTTE in June and then released. The STF reportedly then tained them later that month with the assistance of local uslim home guards. The body of one Tamil policeman - parently the victim of extrajudicial execution - was found tside Kalmunai hospital at the end of June, after government 'ces had regained control of the town.
On 2 August 1990, 150 men were reportedly taken from ttuvil refugee camp, only 30 of whom were subsequently eased. The police and the STF both denied that they had rried out the detentions, and the whereabouts of the remaining 0 men remains unknown, to Amnesty International's knowge. A local person is reported as saying that in the days lowing these detentions, smoke was seen rising from the police ution. It is suspected these prisoners may have been killed and rned.
in another incident, 158 people staying at the refugee camp at 2 Eastern University campus, Vandaramullai, Batticaloa, re reported to have been taken into custody by the security ces on 5 September 1990. By 20 September, when the local ace Committee submitted the names of those detained to the thorities, their whereabouts were still unknown. The Peace mmittee requested that "their present whereabouts can be imated to enable us to convey the facts to the parties icerned, please. A member of parliament for Batticaloa raised se possible 'disappearances' in parliament in September. He d:
am not blaming the security forces nor the Hon. Minister of ence for these arrests. The security forces have been sent re to restore law and order in the area. They may be having ir own problems. I am not blaming them. What I want to tell House is that when people are taken into custody or arrested security forces must screen them and release the innocent sons as quickly as possible. It is only if they do this that they uld be able to win the confidence and trust of the people of the a. It is almost two weeks, Sir, but no one has been released. I submitting the list of names of these persons totalling 158 to House. The arrested persons are in the age group of 12 to 41 rs. The entire people in the refugee camp were witness to se arrests and even this list was compiled by the authorities in camp who are running this refugee camp." (Hansard, ombo, September 1990, p.1205) (To be continued).
}rtram Francis was travelling as a pillion passenger with Father ert that day, and has also 'disappeared'. The Commander of the y, Lieutenant General Hamilton Wanasinghe, has assured Amnesty national that "troops had nothing to do with this disappearance', and the army was trying to locate Father Hebert. The Ministry of nce stated that Father Hebert may have been abducted by the E as he was trying to bring harmony between Muslim and Tamil munities in the area (Daily News, Colombo, 17 August 1990); others suggested that they may have been killed by Muslims in the area. r whereabouts remain unknown. Amnesty International does not 1 whether the investigations announced have in fact been held into 2 'disappearances' as no results have been made public.

Page 22
22 TAM TIMES
Sailing into Trol
V. Jayanth in Madras
When the Indian Navy chased and caught a ship smuggling explosives for the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) in the first week of November, the Sri Lankan Tamil militant group suffered a serious blow. The vigil on the sea is putting tremendous pressure on the Tigers at a time when renewed fighting has broken out in Sri Lanka and the crackdown on them continues in Tamil Nadu and other States. And these together have the potential to deliver the coup de grace to the LTTE which had enjoyed free movement not only on sea but along the Tamil Nadu coast till January 1991 and had run deep roots in the State thanks to the patronage it received in Tamil Nadu.
Despite the cold relations between Sri Lanka and India, which have soured further after the South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation (SAARC) summit scheduled in Colombo early in November failed to come off, the two countries are fighting the LTTE from both sides. And the floundering Premadasa Government has a political compulsion to go after the Tigers - to counter the campaign that the Sri Lankan President had entered into a pact with the militant group.
Now that the Government of India and the Tamil Nadu Government under a determined All-India Anna Dravida Munn etra Kazhagam (AIADMK) leader Jayalalitha have strengthened field-level coordination among the agencies involved in the drive against the LTTE, the militants and their local associates have no option except to flee the Indian shores, if they can. Many have been nabbed along the coast from Vedaranyam to Rameswaram while trying to do this.
That the LTTE was securing arms and ammunition from different parts of the world and routing these through Bangkok and Singapore has been no secret. The ship seized now, Tongnova, was in the fleet which has been permanently floating in international waters, moving between Bangkok and the Sri Lankan waters via Singapore.
Seldom did the ship touch any port. The LTTE reportedly arranges to ferry the arms from a main vessel of the dealers in its smaller vessels to ships like Tongnova. These carriers move close to the northern coast of Sri Lanka and wait for the Tigers to unload the cargo into their speed-boats.
Tongnova was carrying supplies destined for Wettlakani in northern Sri Lanka. On a piece of intelligence about the shipment, the Indian Navy put the
Coast Guard wl presence along on the job of tra the ship 'strayil the Coast Guar aircraft on a The ship, with dem, was spotte 6 about "10 n Karaikal,” acco J.P. Carmeiro, C der in charge of
From then i effort by the Guard. Since it the Navy to mo fleet of the Coas mid-sea vigil ti abreast and cau, at daybreak on
Says Carneiro niers and two h Madras and wen strength to put monitor the mov vessels. Each air base after a sorti By rotating then day and a half a
The naval of Adyar, Madra Sahney, said whi vessels attempte salvo was fired ju warning. Despite the loud hailer aircraft, they di light on Novemb INS Saryu boar and took possessi any resistance.' ters in Delhi an Command in Visa ly involved in pla the operation.
The ship's mas' san, told the ma he was produced that the vessel waters and they Tamil Nadu, The hostile atmosphe State, he said.
The operatic though there we board. The catch of items that co powerful explosi charcoal, fine alu phur, potassium
All the 10 me Lankan Tamils, specially recruite port/smuggling belong to Kokku and were flown Singapore from C various stages.

15 DECEMBER 1991
ble
ich has a considerable he Tamil Nadu coast, cking it down. Finding g' into Indian waters, despatched a Dornier econnaissance sortie. smaller boat in tanat dusk on November utical miles east of "ding to Commodore past Guard's commanthe eastern region.
, was a coordinated Navy and the Coast equired some time for bilise its ships, the air t Guard maintained a l INS Saryu moved ght up with Tongnova Wovember 8.
: “We have four Dorlicopters stationed in nobilised our entire air in 32 flying hours to ement of the fugitive craft had to return to e of four to six hours. h, we kept track for a most."
ficer-in-charge, INS s, Commodore H. 2n the two smuggling d to break away. A 1st ahead of them as a this and appeals over system on board the d not stop. "At first 2r 8, our personnel on ded the fleeing ship on of it without facing he Naval Headquard the Eastern Naval khapatnam were fullinning and executing
er, Balan alias Ganegistrate before whom along with his crew, was in international
had no business in y were aware of the re prevailing in the
n was significant 'e no major arms on ncluded a wide range mbine to make very e devices: activated minium powder, sullitrate.
on board were Sri ther of the LTTE or by it for this transing. Most of them vil or Velvettithurai out to Bangkok or blombo or Madras at
Balan and the engine room operator, Sivan alias Sivathambi, were asked to steer the ship to Madras, while the others, mostly in their early 20s, were transferred to INS Saryu. They were handed over to the 'Q' Branch of the Tamil Nadu Police as soon as the ships sailed into Madras harbour early in the morning of November 10.
The police did not find any of the "wanted faces in the catch. There had been information that a prized militant, Kuttisri, was onboard. The crew fabricated a story that “Captain’ Kandaswamy was heading them till they were spotted by the aircraft and he escaped in a speed-boat that came following an SOS. But the police disproved this.
Police said they had detailed information about the smuggling operations and how Tamil Nadu had been used for almost two years to raise funds and indulge in 'hawala' transactions. "Through drug trafficking and the smuggling of gold biscuits which were sold in India, the LTTE raised funds. This was cleverly converted into foreign exchange through hawala operations and used abroad to purchase arms, ammunition, equipment, clothes and medicines to keep their battle going,' they explained.
A diary that lists arms and ammunition smuggled and delivered between March 21 and May 28 and two personal address books of the crew members were recovered from the ship. In these were found the addresses of about 20 contacts in Tamil Nadu and a number of persons in Thailand, Singapore, Switzerland, Cyprus, Greece and so on, stated to be relatives or smuggling contacts.
The seizure of the ship was followed by the suicide of the LTTE's organiser in Tamil Nadu, Peria Santhan. He could have been very useful if caught alive in piecing together the plot to assassinate Rajiv Gandhi. He was known to be involved in that mission and also in the killing of Padmanabha and his Eelam People’s Revolutionary Front (EPRLF) colleagues in Madras in June 1990.
Simultaneously, the 'Q' Branch has spread its net far and wide for the growing number of persons recruited by Ravi alias Ravichandran for the Tamil National Retrieval Force. They are trained in Jaffna and sent back to Tamil Nadu.
There is information that some LTTE militants are still in the State to help the injured cadres coming from Jaffna. The police and other investigating agencies are aware that the LTTE will retaliate in some way, though later. At the moment, the militants are being hounded out.
- Frontline,

Page 23
15 DECEMBER 1991
Closing date for completed grid and coupon to be received is 31
January 1991.
Answers and the name of the winner - first all correct entry pulled out of a bag - will be announced in the February 1992
issue.
The winner will receive a prize of £2000 sterling, All entries should be sent to: Tamil Times, P.O. Box 121, Sutton, Surrey SM13TD, UK. 4. Across. 3. Indian Prime Minister (3) 1. Festival that commemorates the 4. Refers to a prisoner or a sanatorbirth of a Messiah (9) ium (6)
9. In the year of the Lord, abb. (2) 5. A defence pact of the Western 8 g 11. Spiders belong to this order (7) powers outside Europe, Africa and the V− 12. Competent (4) United States, abb (5) 14. The disciple of Jesus who 6. It is briefly (3) 3
doubted, died during his missionary journey in India (6) 15. Tailless diving bird (5) 16. Laotian monetary unit (2) 17. American mountain lion (4) 18. Trusted adviser (6) 22. Ave -, Hail Mary (5) 23. Crooked or awry (4)
徽 First part of the Holy Bible, abb. (
26. Rapid decline (3) 27. The elephant killer is a large Amazonian serpent (8) 31. Dravidian harvest festival (4, 6) 33. Its delta nurtured and nourished one of the world's greatest civilizations (4) 35. Greek alphabet used extensively in mathematics (2) 36. A cowardly, underhand person (5) 37. Faith and loyalty (5) 41. Threefold (5) 43. They travelled a great distance following a great star to the little town of Bethlehem to pay homage to a little babe (5, 4, 3)
Down: 1. Double-hulled boats, the technology of which is Dravidian origin (10) 2. Prefix with which a member of the Royal family is addressed (3)
7. Master of Divinity (2) 8. Popular indian brahmanical surname (5) 26 9. Priestly vestment in Christianity (3) 10. Hindu festival of lights (9) 13. Relevance or relationship (7) 15. Sticky substance could be a relaxing chewer too (3) 19. Self-esteem (3) 20. Irritate or provoke (6) 21. Lordless samurai reduced to ban- B6 ditry (5) 25. This type of root grows vertically downwards (3) 27. Automobile Association, abb. (2) 28, Marked areas for certain outdoor sports (6) 3 29, Egyptian and biblical name for Heliopolis (2)
30, Nymph turned into a laurel-bush in Greek mythology (6) Quiz ( 32. Haul by rope (5) Across:
34. One-twelfth of one is 36th of Aha. 19. another in length (4) 30. Coca
38. Rock or mineral from which metal To. 43. H and other valuable substances are
extracted (3) gory:2 39. Boy's first name (3) Batಣ್ಣ: 嵩 Right opposite to Southeast, abb 蠶 42. Printer's measure (2) No win
Continued from page 18
blunted by serious fights within the
Janata Dal party.
لم. t
tinued with its strongsh Pradesh winning 10 of that state. This could b decision to acquire lan
Satish Sharma's strong victory in Amethi, despite earlier reports of his campaign failing, is significant. Sharma has virtually admitted that he is keeping the seat warm for the Gandhis. So even if Rao can take some solace from Sonia Gandhi's refusal to enter politics just as yet, it is not something he can take for granted. Sharma and other Congress leaders close to the Gandhi family are expected to counter any attempts to jettison Rajiv Gandhi's legacy. Some political observers also speculate that Sharma could be given a ministerial position in order to keep this group in good humour.
Average Performances in Assembly
In the assembly by-elections for 56 seats in 13 states, the Congress performance was average. When results of 45 seats were declared, Congress won 14 seats but none of them in Uttar Pradesh, India's most politically decisive state which is currently under a BJP administration. The BJP con
disputed Babri mosque a construct a temple of Ayodhya.
The impact of the o' by-elections on the Rao stability still remains to India's quirky politics r said based on the electic Rao has used the arg impact of frequent mid the country's economy. Nov.13 Rao said hold elections affected the ecc one general election cost (about $500 million). He sent sorry state of showed how elections ( nomy. He said the peopl it that whichever part government gave stabi cited the Indian Constit said called for general { five years.
For the time being, well in control, but onl crisis.
 
 
 
 
 

TAML TIMES 23
ROSSWORDS - No. 11. Compiled by: Richards
Crosswords -
9: Solutions.
1 Union. 5. Uduvil. 10. Taj. 12. DA. 13. Baps. 15. HM. 17. CM. 18. Scape, 21. HH, 22, Hindu, 24. Tars. 26. Hartley. 28. Ike. 29. Jarp. 31. Data, 32. PR. 33. Kn. 34. Anele. 36. Testy.39. As. 40. Tot. 42. am. 45. Acro. 46. Ramanathan.
. Noah. 3. OTS. 4, Na. 6. Do. 7. Vim. 8. lol. 9. Lakh. 11. JHC. 13. , 14. Patricks. 16. Mahajana. 17. Central. 19. SM. 20. Pirates. 21. DLP. 25. Skantha, 27. Yarlton. 31. DA. 35. Etch. 37. EO. 38. Yam.
44. Ma, 45. At.
her.
Owing in Uttar its 15 seats in e owing to its ls around the s a first step to Lord Ram at
itcome of the government's pe seen. Given othing can be n results. But ument of the term polls on At a rally on ng mid-term nomy. He said Rs. 12 billion said the prehe economy' rain the ecoshould see to formed the ty. He even Ition which he ections every
ao appeared till the next
hdia Abroad.
Continued from page 12 to power. He recalled how the Centre had helped to set up armed camps for Tamil militants of all hues when they sought refuge in Tamil Nadu soon after the ethnic crisis exploded in July 1983, and how the regime headed by M.G. Ramachandran went out of the way in pleasing the extremists to the extent of giving Rs.4 crores to the LTTE on one day.
Mr. Karunanidhi also dismissed the view that the Rajiv Gandhi assassination could have been averted if the Padmanabha killers had been nabbed. He felt on the other hand that if only the Centre and the former regime in the State had refrained from giving arms to the LTTE militants the tragic death of the former Prime Minister could have been avoided.
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Page 24
24 TAMILTES
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Prepayment essential The Advertisement Manage Tani Times Ltd, PO Box 121,
Sutton, Surrey SM 3D ir
Phone: 081-644 0972
MATRMONIAL
Jaffna Hindu professional parents educated in UK and USA seek professionally qualified bride, 25 - 30, from comparable family background, for their son, 30, tall, handsome, electrical engineer, B.Sc., MBA (nearing completion), proceeding to Ph.D., Toronto, Canada. Detais M 540 C/O ani ines.
Jaffna Hindu Engineer, Australian citizen, seeks partner for qualified accountant brother, 29, in good employment in U.K. Send horoscope, details. M541 co Tamil Times.
Jaffna Hindu seeks partner for fair, attractive daughter, 23, following accountancy course. Send horoscope, details, M 542 c/o Tamil Tirnes. Jaffna Catholic seeks partner for sister, 40, pretty, looks much younger, secretary, innocent divorcee, no children, M 543 C/o Tamil
Tirnes. Jaffna Hindu brother seeks partner for sister, fair, pretty, 30, 5'4", in employment in London. Send details, horoscope, M 544 c/o
april inneS. Aunt seeks for attractive niece, 25, youngest of four with permanent Australian resident status, (holder of Diploma in Computing and graduate in Physics), suitable Tamil bridegroom. Religion immaterial. M 545 c/o
armii Times. Jaffna Hindu parents seek qualified partner for civil engineer daughter, 35, Australian permanent resident, project engineer, Sydney. Send horoscope details. M546 c/o Tamil Tines.
WEDDING BELLS
We congratulate the following couple on their recent wedding.
Prakash son of Dr. V. Thuraisamy and the late Mrs. Yogaranee Thuraisamy of 97 Pine Street, Wharton, New Jersey, USA and Bharathi daughter of Dr. & Mrs. T. Upendran of 265/3A. R.A. de Mel Mawatha, Colombo 3 On 7. 12.91 at the Banquet Hall, Hotel Ceylon linterContinental, Colombo.
拳鲁塞鲁拳鲁塞鲁
Tamil Times wishes all its readers, contributors and wellwishers a very Merry Christmas and a prosperous New Year.
拳鲁拳鲁塞鲁塞鲁
Mr. Nannithamby Ras tive Clerk, Sri Lankan
beloved husband of SO Rajeswaran, Rajenc janayagann (USA), Ra jani Rajayogeswaran jamanoharan (all of U.h Mahendran (Singapore fully in Singapore on
nated on 5th Decemb family thank all friends messages of sympath ance in several ways a regret their inability to t - 67 Winchester Close Stortford, Herts. Tel: 0
Mr. Durairajah Shanth husband of Ananthi ic Nirosh, Gajan and Park Durairajah, former May Nageswary Durairajah; Sarvaloganayagam, lnc (both of London), V (USA), Skandakumar (, (Sri Lanka), Manohari P ter of Education (Sri Lar (Toronto) passed awa short illness On 25.1 1.91 Colombo on 27th Nove Farm Road, Hounsloy O81-572,3157.
Mr. Rajah Sittambalar band of Thevy (Dr. M. late Mr. & Mrs. K.A. S koddai, son-in-law of Thambirajah Hoole an gam Hoole, lowing br Johnson Muthiah Sitar Hoole (Australia) and I Selvarajah (Australia) p ly on 4. 12.91 in Alpe Funeral took place on
Pleasant. Alperton, Mid
 
 
 
 

15 DECEMBER 1991
ja, retired chief execuRailways, Ratmalana; untharammal father of ira (U.K.), Dr. Raasooriar, Dr. Sri Ran, Pushparanjini, Ra() and Mrs. Jayaranjini ) passed away peace1. 12.91 and was Cre2r. Thernernbers Of his and relatives for their y, flowers and assistthis time of grief. They hank them individually. , Thorley Park, Bishop 279 504186.
ikumar (40), beloved }ving father of Kisho, avi; Son of the late Mr. or of Jaffna and Mrs. brother of Chandra tra Kathirgamanathan asantha Sabaratnam Australia), Jeyakumar tulendran, State Miniska) and Nandakumar y peacefully after a and was cremated in Imber — 33 Vicarage v, MiddX. U.K. Tel:
m, dearly beloved husss Hoole), son of the 'ittambalan of Vadduthe late Mr. Edwin d the late Mrs. KanaOther of the late Mr. nbalam, Mrs. JoSeline Mrs. Roseline Hudson assed away peacefulton, Middlesex, U.K. i 1. 12.9† - 27 Mort dx., HA0 1 UA.
Mr. Sinnappu Thambyclurai (84), Retired District Judge, Sri Lanka of Thirunelvely North, Jaffna, husband of the late Maruthapiraveekavali beloved father of Mrs. Gnanal Gulendran (USA), Mrs. Sounthal Shanmugarajah (Jaffna), AnamdakumarasWamy (London), Mrs. Kanagal Sithambaranathan, Dr.(Mrs.) Krishnal Jeyarajasingam (both of Jaffna), Muthukumarasamy (USA), Mrs. Parvatha Tharmalingam (Canada) and Mrs. Ruba Surendran (Jaffna), brother of the late Dr. Sivagnanam (Malaysia), late Mr. S. V. Sundram (Malaysia), late Mrs. Kanagamma Subramaniam (Jaffna) and Mrs. Nagamma Kanagasabai (Jaffna) passed away in Thirunesvely, Jafna on 2.1291 – 78 Amhurst Gardens, sleworth, Middx. TW7 6AJ. U.K.
e O81-56O 8346.
IN MEMORAM
Dr. T. Thambyahpillai (Research Fellow, imperial College, London) who passed away On December 4, 1984.
Gradually, the years glide by, But we still remember you. The photos fade more everyday, But the memories are almost new. You were so great, so kind and gentle, Those qualities are found in few. Though it is now seven years The tears will never cease to flow.
So sadly missed and dearly loved by his wife and children: Meenalosani, Sivakamasunthari and Shiyamalanayagi.
in ever loving memory of
the late Naavaar Kanapathiplai Navasothy, born, 2.4.1941 Died: 4.1.1990, Tamil scholar of international repute, teacher, au

Page 25
15 DECEMBER 1991
thor, journalist, publisher, broadcaster, dynamic orator, a true Tamilian who worked, steadfastly for the unity, prosperity and betterment of Tamils all over the world, on the Second anniversary of his passing away.
Fondly remembered and sadly missed by his mother Parameswary Kanapathipillai, beloved wife Ruparanee, loving children Manivannan, Wathani and Yalini; brothers Sathyamoorthy, Raveenthiran, Kanakeswaran, Vaganthakumaran, Sister Eeswary Shanmugapalan, relatives, friends, students and admirers — 45 A varn Road, London SW17 9R el: O81-767 2585.
FORTHCOMING EVENTS December 21 6.00pm Carol Service at South London Tamil Church, St. Nicola's Church, Church Lane, London SW17. Dec. 318.30pm Prayer for peace in Sri Lanka & 11.30pm Watch Night Service. January 4 Amavasai. 6.00pm Heroes Day. Cultural Variety Entertainment at Waltham Forest Assembly Hall. Admission free.
Jan. 9 Chathurthi. Jan. 10 7.45pm & Jan 126.00pm Bhavan's Founder's day celebrations with Music, Dance, Drama & Yoga at Bhavan Centre, 4A Castletown Road, London W14. All welcome. Jan. 15 Thai Pongal.
Jan. 16 Ekathasi.
Jan. 185.30pm Lecture on Mahabharata by Mathoor Krishnamoorthy at Bhavan Centre, 4A Castletown Road, London W14. All wellCOre.
Jan. 19 Full Moon.
Jan. 20 hai POOSam.
Jan. 25 Academy of Fine Arts, London in association with G-Com computers presents Thamilar Thiru Naal at Brent Town Hall, Forty Lane, Wembley, Middx. Admission Free,
Shiva-Vishnu Temple in Melbourne
A magnificent building which will accommodate Shiva, Vishnu, Ganesh, Subramaniam, Ambal and other delities associated with Hindu Worship is taking shape at Carrum Downs, a suburb of Melbourne. This venture is being undertaken by the Hindu Society of Victoria (Aust.).
Early in 1982, a small group of dedicated Hindus, living in Melbourne, felt the need for a regular place of worship for the increasing number of Hindus among the recent migrants to Australia, and formed the Hindu Society of Victoria (Aust.) Inc. on 21st June, 1984. The Society has now over 1200 members, consisting of Hindus originating from India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Singapore, Fiji, South Africa and other parts of the world.
In 1985, the society purchased 14.25 acres of land at Carrum Downs, at a Cost of $75,000. The Architectural and Engineering talent, available among its own members, was harnessed to plan out a suitable building and an eminent Temple architect (Sthapati) from India was commissioned to finalise the technical details for the Shrines, Gopurams and the final orientation of the components to conform to traditional Hindu requirements.
The local Authority was very enthusiastic about the proposal and had no hesitation in granting permission for the project. The building, with its tall Gopurams, will adorn the landscape of Melbourne.
The building with a floor area of about 1400 square metres (42 x 34m) will have two Raja
Gopurams at the entrance 13 metres. Seventeen Sl deities will be accornrod building, while an additio will also be built at the e shrines (Shriva and Vish, rising to a height of 11 about 4 metres over the r The first stage has be ConCrete floor, foundation and all columns are in pla water and electricity have Society has spent about donations from its membe
The remaining stages ranned will cost a furthe ance from the Hindu publ realisation of the objectiv Victoria. Donations are in Society of Victoria, 2 Day South, Vic. 3152, Aus gratefully acknowledged.
Bharatha Natya in US
The New York Tamil Sal international Bharatha N 7th September 1991 a School Auditorium, New Sixteen finalists were cho large pool of applicants
their dance resumé an Contestants were fron U.K. and a panel of seven the winner who received Award for Excellence in cluded an engraved plaq runner-up, Natasha Bal
Canada is a student of M second runner-up, Zarina York is a student of Het Chicago. The third runne nanthan from Catford, U Adyar Lakshman's dance Their pictures appear bel.
Vidya Ар
Zarina Na
 
 
 

TAM TIMES 25
2 rising to a height of rines to house the ated within the main mal Ganesha shrine "ntrance. Two nain nu} with Gopurans metres will project Oof. len completed, the S for the Gopurams Ce and Services like been provided. The 3400,000 utilising arship.
of the project progr $800,000. Assistic would help in the es of the Hindus in Yited by the Hindu an Drive, Wantirna ralia and will be
Im COntest A
ngam organised an atyan Contest on it Livingston High Jersey, USA. The sen directly from a on the strength of di references. The JSA, Canada and judges decided on
the Balasaraswati
Dance which in
ue and S500. The kht from Ontario, enaka Takkar. The Jackson from New na Rajagopalan of r-up, Vidya Kuga.K. is a student of
school in Madras. W.
asha
British Columbian Tamils Celebrate Saraswathy Pooja
Tamil families and their friends living in the Greater Vancouver area held the annual Saraswathy Pooja on 13.10.91 at Kerrisdale Community Centre situated in West Vancouver. After the traditional pooja and devotional Songs, a group of children trained by Mrs. Sasikala Manamohan danced to the music of 'Oodi Vilayadu Paapa', individual vocal items were rendered by Mrs. Chitra Ravichandran and Anthony Gajendrakopan.
There was a discussion on the aims and objects of the association. Mr. Svend Robinson, M.P. and Opposition spokesman on international Affairs was present and Spoke about his intended visit to Sri Lanka with a delegation organised by the Anglican Church of Canada in the second week of January 1992. He emphasised that he supported the aspirations of the Sri Lankan Tamils and expressed his keen interest to visit the war torn areas of north and east Sri Lanka.
SivakamasuntharyBharatha Natya Arangetram
The Forum Theatre in Lemsford Road, Hatfield, Hertfordshire in close vicinity to the brand new shopping complex - "GALLERA' - announced in red bold letters on its illuminated white Screen outside, the Bharatha Natya Arangetram of Sivakamasunthary Kurnaravel. The auditoriurn unlike those in London was compact and beautifully arranged.
Sivakamasunthary a student of Bishops Hatfield Girls School, winner of the Duke of Edinburgh Golden Award for First Aid, presented by the Duke of Edinburgh himself in 1990 - completed her advanced leve! and went to Madras for further training in Bharatha Natyam.
Her Guru Nritta Periyar' Sri J. Venkatachalapathi an exponent in Bharatha Natyam and Kuchipudi was personally present to conduct the Nattuvangam. Sri J. Venkatachalapathi served as a Lecturer in Dance for more than 15 years with Srimathi Rukmani Arundele at the Kalakshetra institute of Dance in Madras, He continues to perform on stage and television and has travelled widely. His Kuchipudi dance pose appeared on an Indian Postal Stamp in 1975. Sri J. Venkatachalapathi was accompanied by his team of musicians from India - Sri Aravindakshan in vocal, and Sri Kesavan in Mirudangam,
After the Ghanapathy Slokam Sivakamasunthary did the Natarajanjali and Allaripu to the all male vocal group singing an ancient devotional song from the scriptures - ‘Ulahellam Unarnthu Othatku Ariyavan’. Nattuvangam and all male singing was an in

Page 26
26 TAMILTIMES
M - w SLqS qqqS SL0LLLLSLLLSqqqLaSLYL0LLLezLSLSLqSqqSLqL S
teresting change. This was followed by the Jathiswaram, a Sabtham on Sri Krishna (Ayar Seriyar') and a century old Varnam (Rupamujuchi) composed by Muthusamy Theedchthar on God Shiva enshrined in Thiruvaroor as Thiyagarajan.
Sivakamasunthary performed seven pieces in her Arangetram, four during the first half, and three during the latter half compared to ten or twelve items in some Arangetrams. During the second half she presented Natanam Aadinar, a Keerthanam on Lord Natarajar anda Thulasidasar Bajan on God Rama. The Thilana was in Bilahari - Adi. All the seven items were very well received and appreciated by the audience. The danceuse was confident on stage and presented the items with ease. Credit of course goes to the dancer, her Guru who choreographed the performance and the accompanying artistes from India. It was a very pleasant September evening indeed in Hatfield Hertfordshire.
Wimal Sockanathan,
A Debut With a Difference
زمرہ:ہx
Sunday, 1st September 1991 was a great day for those who thronged the newly acquired hall of London Sri Murugan Temple in Eastham, London. They had a glimpse of Nadabrahman through the deft, almost magical displayoffinger techniques by master Arvind Jayan whose violin 'Samarpanam' was presented at the premises.
I had noted the special talent of young Arvind who had secured, the first prize for violin and the coveted Mummurthigal prize at the London Music Circle competitions. But the display of talent that day marked a great stride even from that level, thanks to the painstaking training provided by his mothercum-Guru, Dr. Lakshmi Jayan and the good fortune Arvind had in getting the maestro Lalgudi Jayaraman to impart him the highly admired 'Lalgudi' techniques. The extent to which the later process had taken roots in Arvind was echoed in the special reference made by the Chief Guest Shri Tanjore S. Kalyanaraman on the occasion.
Starting the concert with composer Vadivelu's Warnam in Kamboji Ragam, Arvind went on to play Sri Maha Ganapathim by Mysore Maharaja, bringing out the full majesty of Atana Ragam. The next three Kritis handled by him - Dudugugala by Saint Thyagaraja, Smaramyaham by Muthuswamy Dikshithar and Marivere by Shyama Sastrigal typified the saying that the music of Thyagaraja is the simplest to imbibe, like eating grapes, that of Dikshithar, like peeling a banana and eating it and that of Shyamam Sastrigal, like breaking a coconut and drinking its nectar, Arvind did show an adequate prowess in bringing out the full bhava in all the songs. The next piece Ramakathasudha where he touched great heights, portraying the delectable nuances and intricacies of
s:sixK

Page 27
15 DECEMBER 1991
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