Page 1
ani
OIXI No.3 ISSN
02664488 15 FEBRU
32 2܀ܪܝܬܐܼܝܣܛܢ Pestination Trincomalee: At the Madras harbOOLT, to for the journey back home... many hiccups. (Picturg:
A Exemplary Kings
and Disappearances
Sri Lanka
An Appeal For Peace With Justice
Pakistan: Trouble BreWing in Sind
vENTH YEAR oF UNI
 
 
 
 
 
 

"I do not agree with a Word of what you say, but I defend to the death you right to say it."
- Waite
rst batch of Sri Lankan 'camp refugees' boards m.w. Akbar
Courtesy of Frrit line'.
Tiger Leader Prabhakaran Summoned in Rajiv candi Mircer (CaSe
k Open etter by
Expatriate annis
Battle orana
TERRUPTED PUBLICATION

Page 2
2 TAMIL TIMES
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15 FEBRUARY 1992
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Page 3
*** 5 FÉBRUARY 1992 • - ܝܓܫܸܟ ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ ܀ܥ
CONTENTS
ssN o2
Nothing to be scared about Federalism.... 4 ANNUAL SU Madras Court Order and Prabhakaran. . .5 UK/India/Srian Australia. . . . .
W y Canada. . . . . . LTTE leader'a Proclaimed Offender'. . . .6 Athleti Force cannot suppress spirit of freedom. 7 Publishe
TAM T
Exemplary Killings & Disappearances . . 9 P.O. Bl
SUTTON, SUR
Views expressed by contributors are not necessarily UNITED
those of the editor or the publishers. PhOrne: 081
3:
BATTLE FOI
The well publicised and much maligned proposed visit of cabinet Minister S. Thondaman to Jaffna to talk to the LTTE leaders is off and that is official. President Premadasa, who was to some extent already weakened by the split in the UNP and the attempted impeachment against him, and latterly threatened by the vehemence and viciousness of the Sinhala chauvinist backlash against the Thondaman peace proposals, would appear to have lost his nerve and hence withdrawn from making any peace move and Surrendered to those elements which have been demanding a military offensive.
| It is also generally believed that, with the order of the Madras court investigating the assassination of former Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhiproclaiming the LTTE leader V. Prabhakaran as an offender and summonsing him to appear in court on or before 28 February, the likelihood of any talks between the LTTE and the government of Sri Lanka has disappeared at least for the present. On the contrary, Colombo has promptly acceded to the request of the Indian authorities to have the order of the Madras court published prominently in the Sri Lankan papers along with a photograph of the Tiger leader.
On 14 February, the government announced the imposition of a round-the-clock curfew to last until Tuesday 18, that is a curfew lasting five full days, to cover the entire northern Jaffna peninsula and the surrounding areas. The announcement was preceded by thousands of leaflets being dropped from the air asking the civilian population to leave Jaffna, and threatening that any moving object during the curfew period would be targeted from the air. Following this announcement, many parts of Jaffna have been subjected to an intensified campaign of bombing raids and shelling from naval gunboats. And it looks as if the final battle for Jaffna has begun in full earnest.
As for the LTTE, its deputy leader Mahendrarajah (Mahathaya) has announced that they are making preparations to defeat the government's dream of an easy military victory. "We have to defeat the invasion of the enemy. Our fighters are preparing to face this military invasion of the Sinhala government. If the Sinhala army comes into the peninsula, it will be a battle bigger than all our battles in the past, he has said.
in this mother of all battles', as we have very often repeated, it is the civilian population which is going to suffer the worst. When the Sri Lankan security forces demand that the people should leave the peninsula to
 
 

TAMIL TIMES 3
CONTENTS
6-4488
he conflict in Lanka - an Open letter... 3SCRIPTION The Conflict in Lank pen letter...11 . . . E10/USS20 News Round-up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
. . .AusS40 . . . CanS35 An appeal for peace with justice. . . . . . .14 . . . $15/USS30 V
by The Sub-Continental Scene. . . . . . . . . .19 #ಣ್ಣTD Amnesty International report-ctd... . . .2f EY SM1 3 TD INGDOM The publishers assume no responsibility for return of
iCj ipts, ph hs and artwork.
-644 O972 unsolicited manuscripts, photographs and artwo
JAFFNA
avoid being killed, they do not say how and to where the people numbering over six hundred thousand can go. With a round-the-clock curfew in force, the only tragic and inevitable prospect facing the defenseless and uninvolved Civilians is for them to be killed and mained while remaining inside their homes.
The scenario that is unfolding is tragically similar to the one that was being enacted prior to it being brought to a sudden halt in its track with the Indian intervention in mid 1987. Then, as is now, the extremist forces of Sinhala chauvinism were beating the war drums encouraging the government and the security forces to seek a military solution with absolutely no regard for the fate of the civilian population. Then, as is happening today, the security forces were launching their 'Operation Leap' and 'Operation Liberation' accompanied by indiscriminate bombing from the air and shelling from the sea.
However, today the situation is far more perilous for the Tamil Cause for more than One reason. The extremist forces of Sinhala chauvinism, the government and the security forces have reason to be confident that there is no prospect of any Indian intervention or any other form of substantial pressure from any other source. The fund of international solidarity and support that the Tamil cause attracted then on the basis of its democratic and human rights Credentials have been wantonly dissipated. All the Tamil groups, big or small, were on the same side then, but now some of the Tamil militant groups are fighting ; alongside the Sri Lanka security forces primarily motivated by considerations of rivalry and self-preservation. The Tamil cause then represented and reflected the interests and aspirations of the Tamil speaking people as a whole - the Tamils and the Muslims - and therefore had the support of the Tamil speaking Muslims of the northeast, but today the Muslims of the east have been substantially alienated and those in the north have been forcibly driven out in an act of abominable cruelty, and therefore lacks their support.
While it may be useful for expatriate Tamils living in various countries to undertake an exercise in selfexamination of the role they have hitherto played by asking the question whether they themselves have in any way been responsible for bringing about this perilous isolation of their countrymen, it is of utmost urgency that all efforts must be made to mobilize support to pressurise the government of Sri Lanka to abandon its urge to seek a military solution to the conflict, to end this war and to bring about a just peace through negotiation.

Page 4
4 TAMILTIMES
Nothing to be Scal
About Federalisr Indian High Commiss
S.I. - What is india's position on the proposed high powered transmitting station of VOA at Chilaw?
I.H. - Our position remains the same as ever. That incorporated in the letters exchanged in July 1987. The follow up letters appended to the document of Indo-Sri Lanka Agreement of July 1987. No change from that. What gives you the impression we may have changed our position?
S.l.-That is - you all are not happy With the establishment of the station? I.H. - No. The Broadcasting station does not make us unhappy. What it may, I'm not saying what it will, what it may get used for if at all used connectively is something that can make us unhappy. Just setting up a broadcasting station per se doesn't bother us. Any number of broadcasting stations around the world - one more does not bother us.
S.I. - Both the U.S. and Sri Lankan Governments have given assurances that it would not be used for gatherng intelligence or any other activity that could be harmful to India?
I.H.-Well we hope these assurances will be kept and the close dialogue, our cooperation or the exchange of views we had with Sri Lanka Government on this will be continued.
S.I. - Now there are reports that Sri Lanka has asked India that we nullify hese letters of exchange between ormer Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and former President Jayewardene?
: I.H. - These reports have been de’nied. They have been ascribed to Bradman Weerakoon during his visit to New Delhi. One of the Indian papers carried it and he categorically told me that he made no such remark.
a S.I. - Does India still consider the Indo-Lanka agreement to be applicable?
I.H. - Yes indeed. It has not lapsed by any means.
S.I.- In the context that many of the they conditions in the Accord have not
been fulfilled by both sides?
I.H. - There are two ways of looking at that document so far as your unfortunate internal situation is concerned. it is truly unfortunate because as I have said earlier both these communities in the Island are extremely nice extremely forward looking, extremely vibrant and have a great deal to contribute towards each other's prosperity and happiness and to the
general welfare of til
having known both (
now over 30 years, o
about the whole thin
if you look at the c
magnifying glass I
agree with me that
within it a formul
solution to the prob,
sire to do so on all sid
fact that India hai
negotiated it for Sri
extraneous matters.
tant is that the doc itself is a sound one be given a fair trial, w it has been so far. No the Sri Lanka Gover Lanka public opinio experience of the past since it was signed fe improved upon or ch developed that's up t do it. You have a parl public opinion, you h have everything for t done. May be the Sele way of getting arounc about the document it see why anybody strongly to it, — beca for a moment how
about or who was res a document by itselfi clearly. It does provic framework for settler
S.I. - But hasn' changed completely Government is rea solely with the LT declares the LTTE nisation? What would tion?
I.H. - Well, it is up Government natural exactly represent til But we feel it is m Tamil aspirations an the Tamil problem in the parameters of a - that is our definite Government of India will stand by it. Ther all. There will be r enough emphasis b now, or at least the la that I have been h almost - to an event the Tamil question. distinction between t or the Tamil question and negotiating with organisation -wheth the Tamil people or

ed
One
is whole area. So f them going back le feels very sorry g. But that apart Ocument under a m sure you will there does exist a for a possible em given the dees concerned. The brokered it or Lanka, those are What is imporument per se by and it deserves to hich I don't think w if you feel that nment or the Sri l, in the light of almost five years els it needs to be anged or further O you. . . you can iament, you have lave a press, you hat and it can be ct Committee is a to it but talking (self I really don't should react so use if you forget it was brought ponsible for it, as stands out quite e some kind of a hent.
t the scenario " if the Sri Lanka ly to negotiate E and if india terrorist orga| be India's reac
to the Sri Lanka y to decide who e Tamil people. re a question of the solution to Sri Lanka within nited Sri Lanka ommitment, the had made earlier
is no change at ne. I don't see ng given right , several months e - 18 months al settlement of
try to make a Tamil problem rithin Sri Lanka he LTTE - one they represent pt is something
15 FEBRUARY 1992
Mild mannered Indian High Com
missioner in Colombo, Nagendra
Nath Jha, spoke to "The island"
(Sunday Edition) News Editor,
Rohan Abeywardene prior to his
departure to India to resume Vaca
tion which was interrupted when
he returned to Colombo for India's Republic Day celebrations.
for the Sri Lanka Government to decide. Naturally the LTTE would take the stand it does. Emphasis should now be on giving full thought to solving of the problem, whatever the possible formula that can emerge I think you already have the Indo-Sri Lanka agreement, 13th amendment, etc. as the starting point and work from that. If I may be permitted to say so; I think
others have said it earlier and I have
said it an year ago - I think it is perhaps time that people should get used to the idea of a Federal set up for Sri Lanka. The word Federal should not scare people away because a lot of people in India feel that federalism is not enough for India. They want it to be a looser federalism. So the federalism by itself is not a scary word any longer. Perhaps that might give direction that the Government of Sri Lanka can explore. We already have many features of that in the 13th amendment without calling it that so why not go all the hog and call it by the proper name. I'm mentioning this because then the vast majority of Tamil people would know that the commitment on the part of the Sinhalese people and the Government towards broad partnership and partnership that is in quality and sentiment. It's not a question of equality in the form of sovereign states coming together as partners. I think we all tend to go by legal interpretation of these things, where the sentimental aspect is equally important that two groups of communities should feel that they have equality between them. And whatever may have been in the past this is not the time to go into the past, but perhaps one should not shy away from this any further and one might explore the solution in this direction. Then of course it is entirely upto the Sri Lanka Government to decide and the people of Sri Lanka to decide what exactly they want eventually. It's their country they must decide.
S.I. - But the LTTE now clearly insists on something more than Federalism?
I.H.-That again is for you to decide.
S.I. - Were that to be granted by Sri Lanka, wouldn't it strengthen the separatist tendencies in India
I.H. - You are again talking about Tigers only. I'm talking about Tamil
population - broad majority of it. You
Continued on page 5

Page 5
15 FEBRUARY 1992
The Madras Court ( and Prabhakara
Rita Sebastian from Colombo
In a dramatic turn of events last fortnight a Madras court ordered Tamil Tiger supremo Velupillai Prabhakaran and Tiger Intelligence Chief, Pottu Amman to surrender, on or before February 28. ... The Special Police investigating team say they have sufficient evidence to prove that the two men masterminded the assassination of former Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi by a woman suicide bomber, in May 1991. Since the court order, India has sought and obtained the 'concurrence and assistance of the Colombo government to have the order implemented. What it means is to have the charge as well as the photographs of the two men carried in the Sri Lankan press and also have them pasted as close as possible to the residence of the two
e. V. While the question of getting the two men seems the most unlikely prospect, and the question of extradition a purely academic exercise at the moment, what one has to take note of are, the political implications of the court order. Although legally there is nothing to prevent the Colombo government talking to Prabhakaran and getting the peace dialogue on course again, politically it would pose problems for the government. It will have to take India's concerns into account.
Sri Lanka's political opposition and rival Tamil groups have spoken out vehemently against the government dialoguing with the Tigers. Nava Lanka Sama Samaja Party’s Vavudeva Nanayakkara is bitterly critical of the government for not indicting Prabhakaran, following what he describes as the 'cold-blooded murder of Amirthalingam and Yogeswaran in Colombo in 1989.'
Prabhakaran lives in the shadow of the favour of the top political leaders of this country' charges Nanayakkara. Groups like the Eelam People’s Revolutionary Liberation Front (EPRLF) are quick in their condemnation of Prabhakaran and are for India and Sri Lanka joining forces to crush the Tigers.
The government, by putting the onus for resolving the island's ethnic question on the Parliamentary Select In mittee has managed to extricate itself from a difficult situation.
But how long will it take for the Select Committee to come up with a padkage that would meet the aspira
tions of the Tamil before it gets off th end to a cruel and
Meanwhile the has had no lack of of Catholic clergy, are the newest pea
The group met w of the Tiger leaders last week of Januar to Colombo their
resolve the conflict.
And in what is diplomatic move, tl the Buddhist hierar them know that th ing to reopen talks ment.
The mediatory eff when the re-action proposals has not
, Sinhala nationalist
Continued from pa
must be sick and everybody else Sir too must be sick
whether, it is JV)
present conflict. So conflicts, but the pe then they need to some assurance that in the sun. Now the they call it various Tamil aspiration,
Different words cal idea. How does one the ways - there ma I'm sure there may to see the writing recognise it for wha work out some form which certain powe which mean the Ta its own, its own enti established. And th that one talks of one confederation or be only talk by the which is federation a first set of proposal Mr. G. Parathasartl look at it carefully fr the Indian situation.
S.l. - Prabhaka have said there st less than two nati certain areas that th cooperate. That cle what was agreed accord?
I.H. - Can it notb putting out an idea

TAMILTIMES is
Prder
people? How long ground, seeing the enseless war? lecade old conflict mediators. A group nuns and priests, e emissaries. ith some members hip in Jaffna in the y and brought back main demands to
considered a very 1e group met with chy in Kandy to let Tigers were will
with the govern
ort comes at a time to the Thondaman only given rise to
movements, with
racial overtones, but generated a response from some hardline Sinhala chauvinists that can only be described as hysterical.
The propaganda against the peace proposals has also been accompanied by a criticism of the Ceylon Workers Congress (CWC), the powerful plantation trade union that Thondaman heads. :
It has also led to a charge that the estate Tamils are trying to carve out a separate ethnic enclave in the central province at the expense of the Sinhala villagers. . „"
This is an explosive argument given the history of estate-village tensions, and particularly in the context of recent reports of robberies and unrest in the plantation sector. . . ;
Some political analysts claim that the reaction to Thondaman's peace proposals is essentially a middle-class phenomenon and not shared by the ordinary masses.
But what is disturbing is that even a decade of unprecedented violence has not made hardline Sinhala opinion relent in its refusal to share any meaningful power with the Tamils.
ge 4
tired of war. Like halese population and tired of war, P inspired or the averyone is tired of bint is if that is so be shown, given t they have a place y call it homeland, things alright - Tamil homeland. h mean the same et about it. One of y be better ways - be better ways, is on the wall and ut it is and try to of federal set up in 's are guaranteed mil unit will have y or identity fully is does not mean federation or loose yond that. I can ndian experience nd which was the brought here by y in 1983. If you nkly it applicates
an and Thilagar ould be nothing ons and only in two nations can irly goes beyond in the July '87
argued - I'm just to you - I'm not
suggesting it formally as a High Commissioner, but since we are on the subject cannot it be argued this line of thinking which you say the Tigers have submitted or put up because I have not seen this public statement of theirs but I’m aware of general impressions to the effect, but this particular thing has perhaps come in because there is a vacuum. A vacuum that has arisen because nobody was prepared to state from this side categorically that these are the rights of the Tamil people and they want this and they will get it. In the last 18 months I have not seen this kind of concession. You see when you have a vacuum it gets filled up by something and may be filled up by what you think from your point of view is the most undesirable thing.
(The Sunday Island, 22.92).
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Page 6
6 AMILTMES
Gandhi Murder Inves
LTTE Leader Prabha A Proclaimed Offe
From S. Venkat Narayan
NEW DELHI, January 31: In a significant development, a Madras Judge trying the sensational Rajiv Gandhi assassination case today declared Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) supremo Velupillai Prabhakaran and the LTTE's intelligence chief Pottu Amman as proclaimed offenders for their involvement in the case.
Mr. S.M. Siddick, the judge of the designated court trying the case in Madras, made the proclamation on a plea by the Special Investigation Team (SIT) of the Indian Government's Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). The SIT is probing the case.
Accepting the SIT's plea, the judge directed the two accused to appear before his court between 1000 hours and 1700 hours on or before February
The Judge said that the court has reason to believe, on the basis of the
report of the chief that the two acc offences punishab ists and Disruptiv tion) – TADA – A Mr. Siddick sa should be publish of Prabhakaran a one issue of a Tam English daily, wł culation in India two men are Sri L are prominent le which has been wa in the island's no provinces to estab rate Tamil state.
The judge saidtl should be broadcas India Radio and
sion network.
He also said th: should be display place in the town
Arrest Order to be Published in Sri Lan
New Delhi, February 5 - Indian authorities today formally delivered to Sri Lankan High Commissioner in India, Mr. Neville Kanakaratne a copy of the order of the designated Court in Madras trying the Rajiv Gandhi assassination case proclaiming LTTE leader Velupillai Prabhakaran and Pottu Amman as offenders and ordering their arrest. The original order dated 31 January has been sent to the Indian High Commissioner in Colombo, Mr. Narendra Nath Jha.
In a quick response, the Sri Lankan government promptly gave the Indian authorities permission to publish in the Sri Lankan media the Court order and the proclamation with photographs of the two alleged offenders. It is said that the publication will appear in leading English and Tamil language newspapers. : A spokesman for the External Affairs Ministry said there is a legal framework that will guide the process of extradition. The Indian Extradition Act of 1962 was made applicable to Sri Lanka on 1 September 1978 on a reciprocal basis. In addition, there is also the Multilateral Commonwealth
Convention for f which both India parties.
Meanwhile offi Investigating Tea in Colombo may m taken into custod bomb attack to vel of them is connec Prime Minister's I on those who are a India. CID source that if India requ any one of those in it would be favour
Hunt For E
The Special Inv stumbled upon nev alias Ravichandra suspect and wante Police in connect bomb blast and th assassination, wa assembled the belt suicide killer Dhal dur which killed Prime Minister.
A massive man-h Ravi in Tamil Na
 
 

15 FEBRUARY 1992
igation karan nder”
investigation officer, used had committed le under the Terrore Activities (Prevenct.
d the proclamation ed with photographs nd Pottu Amman in il newspaper and an ich enjoy good cirand Sri Lanka. The ankan nationals and aders of the LTTE, ging a guerrilla war rthern and eastern lish Eelam, a Sepa
hat the proclamation it and telecast on All Doordarshan televi
at the proclamation 2d in a conspicuous in which the two
accused last resided and in the house in which they last stayed.
It may be recalled that Mr. Gandhi was killed at an election rally at Sriperumbudur near Madras in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu
on the night of May 21 last year by a
Sri Lankan Tamil woman suicidebomber called Dhanu.
Seeking a proclamation against Prabhakaran and Pottu Amman under Section 8 (3) (A) of the Terrorists and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act, the SIT said the two accused were the masterminds behind Mr. Gandhi's gruesome assassination. This was confirmed by the confessional statements made by the accused who are already in custody, informed sources added.
They said the two accused gave the final shape to the crime and that their involvement in the conspiracy before and after the murder is 'crystal clear.
The two accused may be hiding in the jungles of the Jaffna peninsula in Sri Lanka. Therefore, the SIT said it could not apprehend them. Under these circumstances, a proclamation requiring them to appear before the court is a must, informed sources pointed out.
In its plea, the SIT gave. Prabhakaran's aliases as follows: Velupillai Prabhakaran alias Karikalan alias Manivannan alias Thurai alias Kirubakaran alias Thambi Prabhakaran.
ugitive offenders to and Sri Lanka are
cers of the Special m (SIT) who arrived eet a few LTTE men y following the JOC ify whether any one ted with the former murder or shed light lready in custody in s in Colombo stated ested extradition of custody in Colombo, ably considered.
Bomb Maker
stigating Team has w evidence that Ravi m who is the prime 'd by the Sri Lanka ion with the JOC e Ranjan Wijeratne s the person who , bomb worn by the nu at Sri Perambathe former Indian
unt had been on for du for quite some
time, but he was very elusive. Though
the SIT wanted to keep the man-hunt for Ravi a secret for obvious reasons, reports from India said that the suspect knew about it.
The SIT at no stage mentioned that they were in search of Ravi. Ravi who according to local Police, assembled the
Continued on page 23
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Page 7
15 FEBRUARY 1992
LTTE Will Give Up Eela Federal System and Calls
The LTTE would be prepared to give up its demand for a separate state of Eelam if the Tamil people were granted a federal system of government which could be achieved within the framework of a single country, Anton Balasingham and Mahendirarajah (Mahathaya) of the LTTE leadership are reported to have told a delegation of the Christian clergy which visited Jaffna on a goodwill mission recently.
In a statement issued to the press following their visit, the members of the delegation said that the LTTE spokesmen had said that the door was still open for a negotiated settlement
but the governme seek a solution by launching militar north.
Mr. Balasingham told the delegatio) ment had failed ti stantial proposals t conflict and the sit more and more con the transformation separate state. " established a police law and order and be to set up a legal Mr. Balasingham a
He described
“Force Of Arms Cannot Su
Spirit of Freedom
in the name of misconceived nationalism, extremist forces prevent a solution whenever serious attempts have been ma Hindu Council of Sri Lanka said in a statement issued recer
History has shown that whenever serious attempts are made to resolve the Sinhala-Tamil question, which has been a running sore in our body politic, extremist forces gang themselves in the name of misconceived nationalism, to prevent a resolution of this question. We are reminded of the BandaranaikeChelvanayakam pact of 1957, the Dudley Senanayake-Chelvanayakam Agreement of 1965, Annexure C of the All Party Conference of 1984 and the Indo-Sri Lanka Agreement of 1987. Every time these forces succeeded in preventing the implementation of agreements solemnly undertaken by the government in power, the situation further deteriorated, a feeling of disillusionment and alienation grew in the minds of the Tamils and the demand for greater autonomy and selfrule progressively increased and now backed by an armed struggle. While the problem remains unresolved, killings, counter killings and destruction of property are taking place on a large scale.
The flower of our youth on both sides of the divide are dying by the thousands, billions of rupees, which could be productively used for the development of the country, are wasted every year on this fratricidal conflict. This makes us to depend substantially on foreign aid to balance our annual budget. The economy is weak, the political structure is inadequate for multi-ethnic, multi-religious and a multi-linguistic country and the society is riven with mutual suspicion, fear and distrust. How long are we to allow this sad state of affairs to continue?
Let us resolve this problem without
delay and create a equality and justice the Tamils have liv for over two thousal their mutual intere They have many religion and culture live and let live.
We have in our the Select Commit suggested a five alleviate the situat East province and te normalcy in the coul of hostilities is the formula. The fighti before negotiations.
It has been our that the Indo-Sri La July 29th 1987 sh plemented. This w since independence settlement was rea nised the basic Sinhalese and the T. for devolution of po of the unity and inte The necessary legis the constitutional adopted by parliam by the people at the cial, presidential a elections. This const ment should be wor for a period of thre standing issues tha settled by negotiat centre and the elect of the North-East the period of three passage of time ar gained in working

TAMIL TIMES 7
m for for TalkS
t was pursuing to military means by operations in the
is reported to have
that the govern
put forward subresolve the ethnic lation was getting plicated leading to of the north into a We have already service to maintain he next step would system of our own', lded,
r. Thondaman's
peace proposals as constructive and meaningful and offered something concrete to resolve the conflict. In response to a question whether there were any obstacles to achieve their demands within a unitary Sri Lanka, Mr. Balasingham is reported to have said, "When the marriage is a failure, one party has a right to ask for a divorce. If the marriage is a success, there is no need for a divorce'.
The delegation led by Rev. Fr. Alexander of the Roman Catholic Church comprising four catholic priests, four nuns and Christian brother returned to Colombo on 26 January having toured Jaffna from 21 to 25 January and meeting the LTTE leaders, ICRC officials, members of citizens committees, non-governmental organisations, academics and clergymen including the Bishop of Jaffna.
ppress
have ganged up to de in the past, The tly.
i era of peace with
The Sinhalese and red in this country hd years and it is in st to live in peace. ties of kinship in : to enable them to
representations to tee of Parliament point formula to ion in the Northrestore peace and htry. The cessation first point in this ng must first stop
Konsistent demand nka Agreement of ould be fully imas the first time that a compromise hed, which recog'oncerns of the mils and provided ver in the context grity of Sri Lanka. ation establishing framework was 2nt and approved successive provinhd parliamentary tutional arrangeed in all sincerity years. Any outcrop up could be ons between the d representatives overnment after ears is over. The i the experience his constitutional
arrangement will enable the parties concerned to view the outstanding issues on their merits free from undue emotional attachments.
Advocates of a military solution feel that the time is opportune in view of various factors to crush the LTTE and to dispense with the political problem. This will be a retrograde step and counter-productive. Militant groups and political parties may come and go, but the cause of the conflict will remain, if it has not been satisfactorily resolved. There are enough examples in history to show that the spirit of freedom and equality cannot be sup pressed by force of arms.
TAMILTIMES
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Page 9
15 FEBRUARY 1992
“Exemplary Killings' "Disappearances' in Sri
Three members of the United Nations Working Group on Enforced or InVoluntary Disappearances, Mr. Agha Hilaly, Mr. Jonas Foli and Mr. Toine wan Tongen, visited Sri Lanka from to 17 October, 1991. The following is a brief sulfilly of the Group's f4 page report.
Context. Of Wiolence
The situation of disappearances in Sri Lanka can only be properly evaluated when seen in the context of the violence that has prevailed in various parts of the country since the 1950s, Willerici il Sri Lanka has been cof three types: communal or ethnic willence, political violence including terrorism, and violence by security forces. The first major outbreak of CJ II i III. Lur hul wilerice betwee T1 the Sinhales and Tamils occurred in 1958 with hundreds of deaths, particularly among Tamils. Similar and increasing ly vehement clashes took place in 1977, 1981 and particularly in 1983.
During, 1983 to June 1987, the con flict aard vidalirice in Sri Lanka was dLIE to armed attacks by Tamil separatist groups against security forces and Tilitary operations by goverri filent forces in the north-east. From October 1987 to December 1989, the fighting in the north-east was primarily between the LTTE and the IPKF and its allied Tamil arted groups. Froin the latter part. Lf 1987, South of Sri Lanka wäs affected by a campaign of violence by the JWP and counter-insurgency military operations by the Security fortes, Frtin June 1990, there has been a resi Lur Ilıpıltic II is internse fighting between guver internt forces and the LTTE in the north-east. In the years ti 198, terfT, Ti ik rēmained caught up in El War Il Wo fronts, ethnic conflict in the north, and political confrontation between the JWP and the armed forces in the south.
Human Rights Violations 1983-87
In the period 1983-1987, reports of human rights violations were received, including disappearances, arbitrary a Tests, torture and arbitrary execultions in the north-east. The Working Group transmitted a total of 861 cases to the govern Irent in regard to those years, During 1984, a large pTpN pritir1 of the cases were said to have taken place in the northern Wavuniya district. From 1985 onwards, an increasing number was reported from the eastern province, Wiolations were generally attributed try g) verri III.arht forces, particularly to the Special Task Force (STF), a well trained police corn
Inando Lurnit.
Indo-Sri Lank
In July Sri Lank, the Indo-Sri Lanka view to taking conc IIiilitry action and the conflict. Follow the India Peace PKeť aTrived in the islar spronsible sur disi HTTT) La rats ELILtd for mai mirder liri tlie ri orthJutbreak ofurIled C IPKF Tid till LTTI several of the airn Hliril Iu Ill: IFFF jointly responsible rights violations in without charges or extrajudicial execul disappearances as persistent patteTT Col
The Working Gr етрhasize that disappea rances rank as the bes cases аллолg f| odd coLur) tries ap Group's annual CблІллЈ55Ӏол ол
the IPKF stay, thi recorded 42 cases - members and sy'n LTTE, which had the agreement, b . that support and E IPKF.
In April 1989, thi took negotiations w Sulting in a mutual LTTE continued fig was even alleged th government actuall: the LTTE irn brider withdrawal. In Sep Indian government its trups and ewe crimpleted the pullol In the arrmed con and 1990, an estin
Dead bodies Of yo
 
 

TAMIL TIMES 9
and iLanka
a Agreement
Ea ard India signed Agreement with a :erted political and putting an end to ing the agre Erment ping Force (IPKF ld and became reing the Tamil miliintaining law and ast. Following the conflict between the "E, the IPKF and led Tamil groups
allegedly became foT many human cluding detentions trill, tuttu TE) and tions. Even the Lugh such were not a fabuse throughout
ошp wishes fo
fel Ca.5es Of
Іл Sгї LапКа if docure fed rose front - арвагfлg lл fhe reports to the Human Rights,
e Working Group - the victi Ils were npathisers of the initially supported It later withdrew legan to fight the
E PTEesident Tiderrith the LITTE, releasefire, while the hting the IPKF. It at the Sri Lankan y supplied arms to
to expedite IPKF ten her 1989, the agreed Lo pull (Lut 1tually the troops ut iTi March 1999). flict between 1987 lated 10,000 civi
lians died in the north and north-east, most of the deaths being attributed to civilians being caught in crossfire, Li bombings of cities and towns, to collective and reprisal killings attributed to both IPKF and LTTE, as will as to reprisal killings perpetrated by the latter against rival separatist groups.
JWP Campaign of Violence
A II lidst extreme Sinhalese nationalist sentiments, repUrtLdly brought. In by the presence of foreign troops, the Peoples Liberation. Front (JWP) which had remained underground from 1983 re-emerged to launch a violent revolt against the State. The JWP, and its military wing, the Patriotic People's Front (D.JW), launched a carpaign of murder in early 1988, intended to annihilate those described as "traitors to the motherland' and "enemies of the nation", Particularly targeted for punishment by death by JWP cadres were the members and activists of the ruling United National Party (UNP) and of leftist parties, and govern II hent employees. In 1988 alone, the governTlLrt held JVP accountahlg für over TCO politically notivated killings
Exemplary Violence by Both Sides
Both the JWP and the security forces resorted to the use of extreme violence in this crontest for state prywer. Buth sides adopted El Lactie: (of "exemplary killing a means of iristilling terror in the civilian population. Mutilated bodies at roadsides or in market places were a regular sight in many parts of the south in the years 1988 and 1989, Hund Teds of bodies were seen burning in tyres or washed up on the shore.
Death Squads
In mid-1988 the Government launched a strong counter-offensive by irresting and killing JWP rebels. An important new feature in combating the JWP uprising was the proliferation of death squads whose main task was to kill suspected rebels and sympathizer H. These squads operated in plain clothes and rived about freely in LI I Iriarked vehicles, pH ssiring roadblocks un hindered, and ergaged in fearsone
Continued on page 10

Page 10
10 TAM TIMES
Continued from page 9
forms of exemplary killings. After resumption of fighting in the north-east, similar death squads (paramilitary and vigilante units) have begun to operate engaging in the same sort of fearsome exemplary killings. Such groups are widely believed to consist of members of the security forces, but this is denied by the government. The conflict in the south took a particularly violent turn after July 1989 when the JVP appeared to make a final thrust towards capturing state power with widespread enforced work stoppages, intimidation and assassination. For the first time, the JVP started attacking and killing the family members of police and army personnel.
To thwart the JVP military offen
sive, the State launched a generalised counter-insurgency campaign. The armed forces and police appear to have been given a wide latitude of action to eliminate the rebel movement and restore law and order in any way they saw fit. Anyone suspected of being a subversive was often arrested and shot summarily. Reports indicate that in the autumn of 1988, the security forces used their new powers liberally as political violence intensified. By the
end of November 1989, the armed
forces put down the JVP revolt when
they succeeded in capturing and ex
ecuting the nucleus of the JVP lead
ership. Conservative estimates put the
number of deaths during this period of violence at over 40,000. For the same period, the Working Group has to date recorded over 2,700 cases of disappearace,
Resumption of Fighting in North-East
Following the withdrawal of the IPKF gradually from December 1989 and completely by March 1990, the LTTE took effective control of the north-east as the talks between the LTTE and the government continued. s' Fighting between the LTTE and its rival Tamil groups followed in which hundreds of persons were killed and thousands of Tamils fled to India and other countries.
On 10 June 1990, the LTTE, breaking a 14 month ceasefire, occupied Batticaloa police station followed by attacks on other police stations and army camps in the north-east, and full scale fighting resumed between government forces and the LTTE with the government redeploying troops from the south to the north-east.
Muslims Affected
The Muslim community in the northeastern province has been severely affected, some sections being besieged by the LTTE. Muslim Home Guards act as a civil defence unit; they are armed and trained by the Sri
Lanka army and them against LT cooperation whic taliatory action b Many Muslims h; surprise attacks. ( the community ha date. Two horrifyi in 1990 when the incidents, indiscri and killed approxi in two mosques wl at prayer.
Killing
The LTTE has a ried out arbitrary ings of hundreds o large numbers of dent Tamils. The responsible for ma tion and torture of policemen and oth cials. Since June 1: men have been k alone.
Mass Killings an
In June 1990, th came back to the vowing that the going to be adopted as had been used to terror in the south, of Defence (sin announced all-out
A fierce counte paign ensued, repo mass killings and round-ups of non-c and an almost total administration. It between June and more than one m displaced by the fig east. As of January had fled to southe than 5,400 killed. S of hostilities, the W recorded over 2,000 ance from that area refugee' camps fo vulnerable group, a many reports of thr government forces tect them. Many ( ance have been rec ing Group regard such camps. The Phenomenon
(a) Since 1980, 4 appearances have NGO sources to t and transmitted to Sri Lanka.
(b) For the sou provinces, 3,255 ca ted between 1988 a were reported to ha June 1990, and to 1991, about 40 ca
ported to the Work

5 FEBRUARY 1992
ten act jointly with E cadres, a form of
has provoked reTamil insurgents. ve fallen victims of ver 300 members of fe been abducted to g events took place LTTE, in separate hinately fired upon nately 100 Muslims ile the victims were
by LTTE
so consistently car2xecution-style killcivilians, including inhalese and ‘dissiinsurgents are also ny cases of abducprisoners, including er government offi190, over 700 policeilled in Batticaloa
Disappearances
e Sri Lankan army northeast, publicly ame strategy was against the LTTE put an end to JVP The then Minister ce assassinated) W8. r-insurgency camrted to have led to arrests, large-scale 'ombatant civilians breakdown of civil is estimated that September 1990, illion people were hting in the north1991, ονer 210,000 'n India and more ince the resumption orking Group had cases of disappear, Those who live in rm a particularly nd there have been ats and attacks by laced there to proases of disappearrded by the Workng inhabitants of
if Disappearances
932 cases of disbeen reported by e Working Group he government of
hern and central es were transmitd 1990; 313 cases e occured since 11 date for the year es have been reg Group.
(c) For the years 1980 to 1987 in respect of the northern province, the Working Group transmitted 821 cases attributed primarily to the Sri Lankan army; for the period 1987 to 1989, 43 cases were reportedly attributed to the IPKF; and more than 700 cases were reported to have occured since 11 June 1990.
(d) In addition to the cases already processed and transmitted to the government, a large number of cases reported in 1990 and 1991 could not be processed before the Group's visit. These include approximately 7,000 cases alleged to have occurred in the southern and central provinces between 1988 and 1990, over 2,000 cases alleged to have occurred in the northeast since 11 June 1990, and approximately 30 cases alleged to have occurred in the southern province.
(e) In addition, during its visit the Working Group was directly handed more than one thousand well documented individual reports from families of missing persons.
(f) During the visit, the government handed over reports of widespread killings in the south by the JVP of police and government officials as well as reprisal killings of entire families of police and civil officials. It also provided reports of widespread killings and disappearances, which included Muslims, Sinhalese and opposition Tamil groups, in the northeast attributed to the LTTE.
(g) The Group was informed that the LTTE was responsible for approximately 91 abductions, apart from the death of 100 policemen off duty. It received reliable information that the LTTE detention centres currently exist in the northeast, where it is believed a number of missing police and military are being held in detention incommunicado. It also received reports of 290 individual cases of abduction from the Muslim communities attributed to the LTTE.
(h) The Group also received reports covering all regions of mass disappearances, as vell as other reports and studies analysing the phenomenon of disappearances in Sri Lanka, or highlighting certain elements believed to create conditions in which disappearances can take place.
(i) In the northeast, while the majority of disappearances have been attributed to the army and the police, Muslim civil defence groups, known as Home Guards' were also said to be responsible for several disturbances. Home Guards came into existence to protect the Muslim communities after mass killings of Muslim civilians by the LTTE in August 1990.
(j) In many cases, scarch and roundup or 'cordon' operations conducted by

Page 11
15 FEBRUARY 1992
the army or by combined military and police forces, sometimes accompanied by armed men in civilian clothing, resulted in large numbers of persons being detained at one time. The Group received reports of numerous cases of mass detentions in which persons who were not released and who subsequently disappeared included women of all ages, children and the elderly.
(k) Many disappearances were reported to have occurred in the context of reprisals. In some cases, large numbers of young men in a town, region or “refugee' camps were alleged to have been detained in cordon and search operations after an armed encounter between security forces and terrorist groups.
(i) From the detailed reports received by the Group, it was able to determine that, while the numbers of disappearances in the south had diminished with the elimination of the JVP leadership, disappearances continued to occur in steady numbers, and in the northeast there has been a large increase in the number of cases reported to the Working Group.
(m) The Group h over 1,000 cases occurred in 1991, 4 and the rest from th
Conclu
(a) The context nomenon of disappe ialized in Sri Lanka two major sources C foremost, the confi separatist militant: forces in the northe secondly, the conf the JVP and gover south.
(b) Disappearanc tions of human righ occur in situations lence and excessive of force. In the Sr observers agree th situation that eve the use of state í against the LTTE a contradict inter) However, in the co force, human right
We call on the Government of Sri Lanka and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) to initiate a peaceful resolution of the ethnic conflict.
We strongly condemn the resurgence of Sinhala chauvinistic opposition to a negotiated settlement.
We call for a broadening of the framework of negotiations to include Tamil civil organisations, who also represent the interests of the Tamil people. ,
The immense suffering of Tamils during the decade-long ethnic conflict, includes indiscriminate killings, imprisonment and torture of tens of thousands of Tamils by Sri Lankan armed forces, and the displacement of hundreds of thousands of Tamils. Living conditions in the North and East have deteriorated drastically, with the severe shortages of basic foodstuffs, medicine, electricity and means of transportation. The greater misery experienced by women and children during the war is evidenced by the increasing number of women refugees, and the increase in infant andi maternal mortality. Tamils
The Conflict in Sri La
An Open Letter
Several leading Tamil academics and professionals from signed an open letter dated 20 January 1992, addressed to Sri Lanka and Tamil political parties and groups in rega armed conflict. The following is the text of their open lette
have lost an enti youth, either as vi or as participants.
The armed respo however, has inclu innocent Sinhala torture and killing cently, tens of thou were forcibly evi homes and expelle while several hun in the East. The LT responsible for tl and death of s women's rights act rights activists. Ot al organisations, s People's Revolutic Front (EPRLF) a Liberation Organ Eelam (PLOTE), buted to the pur politics, to the det cracy in the North
Further, caste continues to be a socio-economic ad significant segme: community. Tamil organised themsel ly for women's righ

*TAMITMES 11
as so far received alleged to have
O from the south,
Le northeast.
Isions
in which the phearances has materlargely arises from of conflict: first and contation of Tamil s and government last of the country; rontation between hment forces in the
es and other violaits most frequently of generalized vioand undirected use i Lankan context, at, in view of the ntually developed, orce per se, both nd the JVP, did not national norms. urse of that use of ts violations have
nika
the U.S.A. have the government of rd to the ongoing
r
re generation of ictims of violence
onse of the LTTE, ided massacres of villagers, and the of prisoners. Resands of Muslims icted from their d from the North, dred were killed TE has also been he imprisonment tudent leaders, ivists and human her Tamili politicuch as the Eelam pnary Liberation und the People's isation of Tamil have also contri'suit of vengeful triment of demo
and East.
discrimination major obstacle to vancement for a nt of the Tamil women who have ves autonomoushts or against the
been committed, particularly as regards non-combatant civilians. The fact remains that the Group has recorded up to 12,000 cases of disappearances between 1983 and the present. It should be pointed out that this figure does not include abductions by non-governmental forces such as the LTTE and JVP.
(c) The Working Group wishes to emphasize that the cases of disappearances alleged to have occurred in Sri Lanka rank as the best documented cases among those from 40-odd countries appearing in the Group's annual reports to the Commission on Human Rights.
On the basis of the material available, the Working Group has concluded that, both in the northeast and south, the army, and predominantly the police in the south, have been involved in disappearances. Death squads, which given the circumstances could only have operated with the acquiescence of government forces, have been involved as well. Also implicated were civil defence units, arned and trained bw tha arrn v
war have been suppressed. The exclusionary basis of Tamil nationalism has been hostile to Muslims and has led to a breakdown in TamilMuslim solidarity, exacerbating the problem of achieving peace in the North and East. Finally, the sympathy of the international community for the suffering of Tamils has been eroded by the militarism of the Tamil nationalist movement.
We feel the nature of the LTTE response to Sinhala chauvinism raises important questions about Tamil nationalism that have not been sufficiently addressed. How has the development of Tamil nationalism alienated Muslims of the North and East? Why has the claim to a traditional Tamil homeland led to the expulsion of Sinhalese and Muslims, who have been living in the North and East for generations? Do the demands of the Tamil nationalist movement reflect the aspirations of the Tamil people of the East, or do they only express the will of its Jaffna leadership? And why have the interests of women and 'depressed' castes not been represented by the Tamil nationalist movement?
Recommendations.
We call on the Government and the LTTE to cease hostilities and to release all political prisoners.
We urge both parties to facilitate the transportation of food, medical supplies and fuel to the North and East.

Page 12
2 TAML TIMES
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15 FEBRUARY 1992
NEWS ROUND-UP
CABINET MINISTER all President of the Ceylon Workers Congress, Mr. S. THOTidmat would ut visit JH FTTH t] In eet the LTTE leaders. Els alrırı Luriced Earlier unless the Parlia mentary Select Committee appointed to discuss the ethnic conflict :kshi III tij dr. sc., MT. M.S. Sellasarny, General Secretary of the CWC said om 31 January, "Our party is only inteTested in bringing peace tx) Cour culumtry and ta end this cristly war. We presented a solution as any individual has the right to do so", added Mr. Sellasamy,
O TWIELWE PERSONS yra kill Ild 21 more were injured when a private Eus hit a land nine believed to be planted by the LTTE. The mine exploded under a private bus at Bora pola in the Arantalawa Road in eastern Sri La Enku un 26 January. It was reported that the driver, conductor and an airman travelling in the bus were among the dead.
ABOUT BOO TOOO details held in Pelawatte camp have gone on H. hunger strike demanding from the authoritics that they should either be released from custody forth with or else EE chHTged in H couTt of law for whatever offenses they are held. 0 FORMER BRITISH High Commissirer for the UK in Sri Lanka, Mr. David Gladstone, whi was declared persona Fort grafa and expelled on the tvrders of President Prema dasa, has been appointed British Arnbassador to the former Soviet Republic, Ukraine,
O THE CEYLON BANK Employees Union has expressed its total opposition to the proposed conversion of the Bank of Ceylon and the Peoples Bank tu Cumpanies under the Curnpary's Act, The Union has alleged that the conversion would eventually lead to the sale of banks to local and foreign capitalists, and the proposed step was against the national interest. K) ANOTHER GROUP uf E59 Taini refugees from Tamil Nadu returned to Trinico Ilalee in easter. In Sri Lanka in the vessel Akbar on 29 January. The group consisted Lif 187 familie: including 455 public serwants. Om arrival the refugees were sent to the transit Tefugeesti Camp at Jippu velit reIII Ain there until they are able to be sent to their former residential areas. It is reported that all those refugees who arrived previously from India had been returned already to their horne areas. THIRTEEN SOLDIERS kill Erld eight more were wounded in an ambush attack by the LTTE on 29 January between Welikande and Sinhapura in the Polonna Tuwa district, following which the security forces launched a rulassive search-anddestroy mission.
O A. THIRD WEAR Jaya waardenepura illegally by the polic CPvET two years wil pensation of Rs.5,0. Court on 29 Januar. by K. Anura pala wł officials including t Er, H. Til to Wami for the Ministry Ra natunga, the Att Inspector General Perera, had alleged into custody on 7 Without a detention Il 1 October 199 this period kept in : including fu Lur att in: jected to torture, []. SEWEN SULDIEF fout ITL (orge Were Seri cadres belonging to the army camp at Mannar distTict o Force and Navy Tei. be summoned to tinuing onslaught b sources claim that . killed was not conf ir Sitha mili iIIi the army sources clair tured a Tiger base f fierce battle with th LTTE base, the air haul of guns, am II.' rels, bombs, polythe plies, Inedical equip tles of saline.
TWO PERSONS il the Houtt:l: 1) Ha! volvement in aları 0'' fuel to the LTTE in their arrest investi trying to ascertain SOTTI el from the SEC" involved in the su LTTE. G SEWERAL INSTI to light about ex-art involved in rape, criminal offences. Army High Comma' evidence that a TTT have deserted after and thise who sco are involved in 4 vi the Matale police a culprits have been i. O THE CEYLONME (CMU) has, in a res. the misuse of polic with legitimate trae including holding p and taking strike ac Inned the refusal by try of the right to under the pretext Cof lic order', and the p] and detaining over ist5 at police stät justification,
O FOLLOWING t Indo-Sri Lanka A
 
 

TAMILITILES 13
student of the Sri Jniversity detained :e and the army for Ls granted a com}0 by the Supreme W. The petition filed 1ich named several le Army Commanasingh, Secretary of Defence, Cyril Prı Ey (GE:] Era Arnd of Police, Ernest thathe was takem September 1989 order and released 1. He was, during six different places y camps, and sub
RS Werkilled and ously injured when the LTTE attacked : Wan kalai irm the 1 2 February. Air rın forcements hald to
repulse the cony the LTTE. ATITny wer 25 Tigers were iTIned. Meanwhile. Batticaloa district, led that they capallowing an equally
LTTE, Isid the "my seized a large unition, diesel barine paper, food supment including bot
have been detailed rea for alleged inperation to supply Mannar. Following igating officeTsi a TE
whethet any perLurity services were 1ply of fuel to the
ES Typersonnel being rubbery and other According to the ind, there is reliable hy personnel Whit) Bạxte:TlsĩVE: LTairling, ti uff while turi duty ariety of crimes. In rea about tem such
rrested. ERCANTILE Uri
lution, condemned powers to interfere ide union activity rocessions, pickets tion. It also condethe Defence Minipublic procession "rnaintaining pubractice of arresting night union activions without any
Le signing of the greement in July
1987, 4,193 Tamil detainees held in detention centres and Hrity camps were released; of the 705 Tamil persoms arresteld and detained since 6 June 1990, 173 had been released, 76 had been produced in courts while the balance of 519 had not been produced so far, Parliamentary Affairs Minister Wincent Perera told Parliament on 5 February irn Teply to questions. O EIGHT SOLDIERS of the Wijayabha Regiment were killed and 17 others injured in a fierce gun battle with a large Tiger contingent in the jungles of Kulipa nchical in Batticaloa district on February where the security forces were engaged in a major operation Elginist the LTTE. O SOURCES clase to the Attorney General's department have disclosed that at least 26 persons, alleged to be connected with the LTTE, ar til face prosecution shortly on charges in conIlection with the bomb attack on the military Joint Operations Command
| Held Quarters in Colombo in Junelast
year in which 20 persons were killed and over 30 were injured when a suicide bomber drove a vehicle packed with explosives through the front gate of the building. It is reported that the Suspects H TE2 t) ble cha Tged under the PrLvention uf TerrLri8rrn Act, 1ricd Lhe charges would irinclude conspiracy ti overthrow the government, harbouring "terrorists, failure to give information Hbout "terrorists", and passession of firearms. O MASKED MEN in cannouflage Tshirts brandishing weapons stor Lied into an exhibition portraying human rights wiolations, tied up and assaulted the volunteer work, Eers and organiseTH and took off with the exhibits, Incastly photographs of 'disappeared' persons, burned and mutilated bodies etc., at LJyan watte, Matara in south ETT Sri Lanka con 27 anuary.
"The Exhı ihitir.Tı Hıriıd SETI minlı: İrsi Erı il:HHtt for three days had been organised by the newly formed Citizens' Front to focus attention on the violation of human rights in the country. The Front is led by two MPs, Mahirida Rajapakse and Mangala Samar
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Page 14
14 TAMIL TIMES
An Appeal for Pei
Over two hundred persons of influence from all communities in Sri Lanka have signed an appeal calling for an end to the ongoing war with the aim of securing peace with justice to all. Following is the text of the appeal sponsored by the Committee of the World Solidarity Forum on Sri Lanka for Justice and Peace: We call on the peoples and Government of Sri Lanka to consider seriously and urgently the catastrophic situation our country is in and to take decisive constructive action now for peace, on the basis of justice for all.
We feel that the most urgent problem facing us is the ethnic conflict. While recognising that there are many inter-connected problems affecting different communities and sections of the people in different parts of the country, we realise that the most urgent priority is to put a stop to the ethnic conflict.
This conflict has caused and is causing unutterably tragic death and destruction on both sides. This has been in the context of a deteriorating economic situation and the breakdown of normal legal and democratic processes.
Without a stop to the war there can be no demilitarisation of society and cutting down of military expenditure, repeal of repressive legislation, lifting of the State of Emergency and return to normal law, and restoration of democratic processes. Thus there can be no real progress towards development of the resources of this country which is so urgently needed by the people, especially the poor, who are undergoing so much hardship.
Cost of War
We would emphasise that even if a victory is won by either side on the battlefield, the problem of a just settlement would still remain. And how practicable is winning the war and at what cost? Even government military experts are not agreed on this. A state of total war with frightful consequences will be necessary if the objective is to achieve a military victory in the North. Even in the East, after so much death and destruction, the war is far from over. In the South, too, there is continuing unrest.
We wish to emphasise that a special effort must be made by the majority community to understand the desperate plight of the people living in the areas of conflict, especially in the North. Normal civilised life is severely disrupted. In the North, the transport system is completely paralyzed. There has been no electricity for over a year, telephones have not been operating for over five years, food and medicines are extremely scarce and prices have risen several-fold. Most of all, there is the fear under which people live. There is no real government there, the people are alienated and neglected.
Mutual Understanding and Common Action
There is a great need for mutual understanding which can lead to mutual help and mutual building of confidence in each other. All communities need to understand the serious threats, common to all, that they face today with the daily deteriorating economic situation and erosion of democratic rights. It is of the utmost importance that fighting should be stopped so that they could get together for action on these common issues. Ordinary suffering people of all communities involved in the conflict should have the chance to express their deep desire for peace, understanding and co-existence. The positive achievements of ordinary people through the traumatic experience of war could then give rise to meaningful expressions of justice and peace.
Different communities and sectors should be able to preserve their own proper identities and reserve their right to work for long-term social and political goals and yet be prepared to make real and sincere sacrifices and concessions

15 FEBRUARY 1992
ce With Justice
1 the present, in order to put a stop to the seemingly endless aughter and destruction and enable progress towards peace.
We also believe that the different communities and sectors hould, at the same time, given the necessary determination, e able to come together with the Government, if the overnment takes the necessary constructive initiative, to et up the necessary monitoring bodies and processes, omposed of recognised and respected individuals and accreited representatives of organisations within the country as tell as from the international community, to ensure the ffective implementation of whatever arrangements are nade to move towards peace.
Devolution and Autonomy
The principles of devolution and autonomy have come to be ridely accepted as a result of the struggles for justice of both majorities and minorities. There has to be continuous pressre from people and development of public opinion to devise uitable forms of devolution and effective means of implehentation. There has to be the political will to make the evolution of power and autonomy a reality to enable the evelopment of the people, especially the poor and underrivileged, in the areas concerned.
The major communities in this country, Sinhala, Tamil and uslim have, over a considerable period of time, especially hrough the conflicts of recent years, become conscious of heir separate identities and nationalities. We believe that he time has come for all communities to frankly face the eality of each other's identity and nationality.
Arrangements for devolution and autonomy should enable hdependent development, while at the same time enable p-existence and inter-dependence for mutual security, help nd wider common aims. The right of all those who have been displaced from their omes to return to their homes should be ensured and people all communities should have the right to live in any part of e country. When all recognise each other's rights there hould be no difficulty in ensuring this. The Sri Lankan Constitution needs revision to make volution and autonomy central features of it. Two other portant aspects may be mentioned here: 1. The character of Sri Lankan society - democratic and uralistic - should be recognised and core values, both ligious and secular, should be enshrined in the Constituin. There should also be a Bill of Rights that is justiciable. It should be mentioned here that secular values should not understood as being in any way against or exclusive of true arma or religion. In the context of pluralism in modern litical life, they stand against inequality and discrimina
. 2. There should be suitable constitutional restraints on the wers of the Executive Presidency which is now practically ove the law and threatens a proper division and balance of vers between the Executive, the Judiciary and the Legislae. The question of the reversion to a parliamentary system
be seriously considered. Effective constitutional arrangements have to be made to ure the rights and security of Muslim and Sinhala orities in the North-East and of the Plantation Tamils in Central Provinces.
Language, Land, Education and Employment
he four key areas of discrimination and dispute have been uage, land, education and employment and they still ain so. There are no instant solutions. Attempts to resolve lems must be accompanied by serious study and research both Sinhala and Tamil scholars so as to give an

Page 15
Ys FEBRUARY 1992
authoritative lead to public dialogue.
For instance, the whole question of colonization and the Tamil homeland rouses intense feelings on both sides. A joint inquiry by scholars and competent persons on both sides could make a real contribution to peace. The same would apply to the subjects of education and employment.
Economic Aspects
The economic aspects, in particular the impact of the development models adopted in Sri Lanka, need to be given serious consideration in working towards Justice and Peace in the country. The failure of economic policies and development models adopted since Independence has been a major cause of the uprisings in both the South and the North. Deepening economic crisis led to ever-increasing discrimination and, more especially, racial discrimination.
Despite rapid social and economic development there is a deepening crisis in Western Society, in the economy as well as in spiritual values. The Third World should beware of blindly imitating Western economic models.
In Sri Lanka, after nearly 15 years of open market policies, government sources acknowledge that an average of nearly 50% of children under 5 are under-nourished (in certain areas it is as high as 70%) and responsible researchers say that an average of 25% of babies born are below the minimum weight of 2.5 kilograms. What this means in terms of limitations of the basic right to life in this country has to be clearly understood and the necessary conclusions drawn.
The fact is that, as mentioned earlier, all communities and sections in this country face common threats to their existence and rights. The rights of all working people are especially threatened. Rights of workers that have been won through a long history of struggle have been seriously eroded. The condition of the peasantry who have long suffered from neglect has worsened further.
The condition of women and children must be specially mentioned. In all the tragic happenings we have passed through, women and children have been among the worst, if not actually the worst, affected. The mental agony and anguish and psychological trauma caused by the violent dismemberment and break-up of families are indescribable. Yet they have shown a remarkable spirit and resilience in the face of adversity and have set up several organisations for mutual help and solidarity. Help for them should receive high priority in any schemes of rehabilitation. Further, it must be emphasised that the struggle for women's rights is a very important and integral part of the whole struggle for fundamental, human and democratic rights.
Immediate steps should be taken to bring down the cost of living and so relieve pressure on the poorer sections of society, who suffer most from the galloping inflation.
The open economy with its fast-increasing trend of privatisation (dubbed peoplisation in Sri Lanka to mask the reality) increases the power of foreign capital and encourages an elite life style. The national debt increases and the gap between the rich and the poor increases. All this intensifies injustice and inequality and requires a strong centralized state to keep down discontent and safeguard foreign capital. This militates against devolution of power to sub-national units. s So there must be evaluation of economic policies and search for alternatives. Research aimed at working out appropriate policies and technology for Sri Lankan society should be promoted. Awareness of deep reforms needed in the rural economy should be created in the country. Broad involvement of political, religious and intellectual groups to identify and achieve these reforms urgently is needed.
Religion and Culture
By far the most devastating effect of economic policies and development models has been on the spirit of the people. No

TAMIL TIMES 15
doubt, they have brought certain benefits to some. But there has been a continuous process of alienation and dehumanisation. The violence brutalizes people, the worship of money and goods enslaves people and the "rat race' breaks up community and divides and alienates people, people are plucked out of their roots and cast adrift. Consumerism subsumes all virtue and value.
So there must be a return to the roots of our indigenous life, a renewal from within to work out our own form of development, free of foreign domination. There needs to be a continuing open dialogue on this between various view-points that are strongly held. What Sri Lanka needs is a development model that is firmly rooted in the soil of our indigenous cultures, with participation of the masses of the peoples in Sri Lanka, and also open to genuine, secular, scientific influences from the wider world beyond. We need to build a national, scientific, mass culture.
Especially necessary will be an understanding by all of the multi-religious, multi-cultural and multi-ethnic character of our society.
There is reluctance on the part of some of the majority community to accept such an understanding. This cannot be put down to racism pure and simple but is due to complex historical factors. There has to be patient building of mutual confidence between majority and minority communities through common actions for justice and peace, action in tackling each other's problems. It is not simply a matter of oppressor and oppressed. There is oppression on both sides. Isolation has to be broken down and the majority has to understand the problems of the minority and the minorities have to understand the problems of the majority. However, while recognising that both the majority community and the minorities are subject to various forms of oppression and that there are privileged sections in all communities, it must be understood that the minorities are oppressed by the added fact of being minorities.
Appeal
There has been stark tragedy on a massive scale in our midst. But, hopefully, it has not been all in vain. There have been lessons learnt, insights gained and character formed through the struggles and sacrifices of the deep movement of the people for justice and peace. There are still residual deep traditions in the social and political life of our peoples. There is the world-wide struggle for justice and peace and the solidarity of the progressive international community. These are all valuable resources for the tasks ahead of us.
We belong to different religious and racial communities and include working people, professionals and those holding responsible positions in public life, intellectuals and clergy. We appeal to the peoples and Government of Sri Lanka. Let us all together face up to the realities of our situation and take positive common action for justice and peace.
Declare Terms and Guarantees
So as to enable an end to the ethnic conflict and move towards peace we call upon the Government, the Opposition, the LTTE and other involved groups to declare publicly now their respective stands on the issues at stake.
What terms will the Government offer? What terms does the Opposition, particularly the major Opposition party, the Sri Lanka Freedom Party, offer? What terms does the LTTE and other involved groups demand?
We also call for clear statements of what guarantees will be offered and accepted in terms of mediation and monitoring bodies, processes of judicial appeal etc. regarding effective mplementation of promises and arrangements made regardng demilitarization, restoration of democratic processes, including multi-party system and elections, devolution of power and autonomy.
Continued on page 17

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16 TAM TIMES
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Page 17
15 FEBRUARY 1992
Continued from page 15
We have urged both the Government and the Opposition to declare their stand because attempts to reach a just settle. ment on previous occasions, particularly in 1957 and 1965 by each of the Intain political parties in turn were upset by the opposition party, at the tire, seeking to make political capital out of the situation, Thus we call upon both the Government and the Opposition to come to an agreement now on a settlement, without either side seeking political capital,
Our Appeal
We also call upon the people to support this appeal and unite te work for and support a just settlement,
Finally, we repeat, our Appeal to all those responsible and to all those concerned is:
år Stop the War # Declare terms and negotiate for Peace * Declare terms of mediating and Ing nitoring
procedures k Ensure rights of Minorities as well as Majority and
recognise reasonable apprehensions of both 4 Continue dialogue om disputed issues # Repeal repressive legislation, lift State of Emergency, return to norГпнl law and Testore democratic processes Bring down cost of living # Search for alternative economic policices te) bring justice to the under-privileged of all communitics * Ensure rights of all working people * En sure rights of Women and children
We are publishing this appeal with some representative signatures. We are resolved to continue gaining support for this appeal and campaigning and working for Justice and Peace, Signing this appeal does not necessarily mean acceptance of all the positions adopted in it. It signifies understanding of the urgency of stopping the war and commitment to common dialogue and action for Justice and Peace in Sri Lanka,
Wen. Navagamuwe Dhammaloka. Thero, Chief Sangha. Nayaka of I hala Dolospath thuwa, Hiripitiya; Wen. Moragalle Wirmaladhamma Tissa. Thero, Chief Sangha Nayaka of Eastern and Tarımını kaduwa Provinces, TrincanTinalec; Wern. Mawatagama Wimalagnana Thera, Wiharadhipathi, Angangala Raja Maha Wiharaya, Kurunegal H : Wen. Tripitakacharya Delduwe Dhammatatana Thero, Chief Adhikarana Sangha Nayaka of Eastern and Tamankaduwa Provinces, China Bay, Trincomalee; Wen. Minneriya Surmanakithithi Thero, Wiha Tadhipathi, Jayasu manara maya, Trincom halee; Wen. K. Jinananda Thero, Wiharadhipathi, Welumna Raja Maha Wiharaya, Sri Agrabodhi Pirivena, Kantalai; Wen. Armpitiye Dhamırını kith thi Thero, Sah Ana Seva Centre, Matale Wen. Gopallawa Rathnajothi Ther, Wiharadhipathi, Galaya ya Wiharaya, Ibilbagamuwa; Wen. Morogollagama Rathnasara Thero, l’a rivena dhipathi, Dharmach andra Maha Pirivena, Hiripitiya; Wern, P. Anoma Thero, Sinhala Madhya Mahal Widyalaya, Trincomalee; Wen. Mihindupura Mahindavamsa. Thero, Head, Buddhist Centre, TrincCormalee; Wen. Delhio wita Piyatissa Thero, Wilharad hipathi, Sri Bodhirajaramaya, China Bay, Trincomalee; Wen. Rambura wala Rathnapalla Thern, Wilharadhipathi, Sinipura Wiharaya, Kantalai; Wen. Madampagama Assaji Thero, Bhikkhu Organisation for Protection of National Resources, Grandpass, Colombo: Wen. Batapola Nanda. Thero, Subadraramaya, Batapolai Ven. Pallevela Devarakkhitha Thero, Subadraramaya, Nugegoda: Wen, Baddagana Samitha Thero, Pradeshiya Sabha Member, Baddegama; en. Kiranthidiye Pan nasekera Thero, Maha meu na Environment Development Project, Molkawa; Wen. Dodampahala Sirisuguna Thero, Ruhuna Environment Foundation, Mimi Kirula Rajamahal Wiharaya, Dikwella; Ven. Hurikaduwe Nagitha Thero, Chief Organiser of Hapitgaina Korale Siya nawan sika Sangha Sabha,

TAMIL TIMES 17
Pallewela, Ven. Thalawathugoda Sirirathana Thero, Bauddhararnaya, Thailwaithu goda; Wen, Indigasthu duwiau Sudaththa Thero, President, Child Development Project, Wan a wasala, Kelaniya; Wen. A. Wimalagma mae Thero, Wiharadhipathi, Raj Maha Wiharaya, Agbpura, Kantalai; Wen, Malkawe Sudamma Thero, Secretary, Galle District Environment Committee, Ampegama; Wen. Kosgoda Siri wimala Thero, Siriniversaramaya, Piyagarna; Wen, Welithara Amarajiwa Thero, Nayaka Temple, Balapitiya: Wen. Dan deniye i Grhan arnanda Thero, Ratmalama; Wen. Yatalamath the Wanarath na Thero, Alubomulla; Wen, Hevesse Upatissa Thero, Migama : Wen, Ganthune Somatillak a Thero, Kelamiya; Wen. Rativita Wimalajothi Thero, Ibbagamuwa; Wen. Rt. Revd. Jabez Gnanapragasam, Bishop of Colombo; Rt. Revd. Andrew Kumarage, Bishop of Kurunegala; Revd. Kingsley Muttiah, President, Methodist Church of Sri Lanka; Revd. S.K. Perera, Former President, Methodist Church of Sri Lanka; Revd. Paul Caspersz, S.J. Satyodaya, Kandy; Revd. Tissa Balas Luriya, O.M.I., Centre for Society and Religion, Colombo; Revd. Aloysius Peiris, S.J., Kelaniya; Revd. Oswald Firth, O.M.I., Director, SEEDE, Colombo; Revd. T. Pius Pathmaranjauh, St. Mary's Cathedral, Trincomalee; Revd. E. A.J. Soysa, Eastern Human arı d Economic De welopmını ti, MulthuT; Re: wdl. Yohanı Devananda, Devasaramara maya, Ibbagamuwa Revd. Kenneth Fernando, Ecumenical Institute for Study and Dialogue, Colombo; Revd. Sydney Knight, Kithu Sewana, Colombo; Revd. Lionel Peiris, Director, Social Action, Lanka Sahha, Colombo; Revd. Joseph Sarwarnanthan, St. Paul's Church, Kynsey Road, Colombo; Revd. Jeffrey Abeysekera, NCC Chaplain, Peradeniya University; Revd. S. Wictorine Rodrigo, Women's Desk, SEDEC Colombo; S. Ravich andra kur Lukkal, Chief Priest Find Trustee, Sri Bad Takali Amb al TeTimple, Trin corn ale e : Swami AjaratTinamanda, Ramlakrishna Mission, Wella watte; M. K. Sellarajah, Attorney-at-Law, President, Kolesar Temple, Trincumalee; S.M. Salahudeen Lebbe, Mohideen Jumma Mosque, Trincomalee; K. P. Silva, General Secretary, Communist Party of Sri Lanka; Athauda Seneviratne, M.P. Lanka Sama Sarmaja Party; G.G. Ponna Tnbalam, All Ceylon Tamil Congress; Linus Jayatileke, CJII Inercial and Industrial Workers Unior; Y.P. Silva, General Secretary, Sri Lanka Mahajana Party; Mavai S. Senathirajah, M.P., TULF. Jaffma; Joseph Pararajasingham, M. P., TULF, Batticaloa District; K. R. Kuganeswaran, M.P., EPRLF, Warni District; Emmanuel Silva, M.P., EPRLF, Mannar District; Prince Casinadar, M.P, EPRLF, Batticaloa District; I). Siddharthan, Democratic People's Liberation Front; Karawaii Karnda samy, Democratic People’s Liberation Frunt; George Seneviratne, Former Minister, North East Provincial Council; Albı Hj Abdul Rasual, Sri Lanka Muslim Corngress, Provincial Councillor NWP; Tennyson Edirisuriya, Attorney -at-Law, Provincial Councillor, Southern Province; Ranjit Navaratne, Leader of Opposition, Provincial Council, Galgar nuwa; Dhammika BHT1 dara Lenawa, Leader of Opposition, Provincial Council, Kekirawa; D.M. Chandratileke, Provincial Councillor, NWP, P.N. Gunawardena, Provincial Councillor, NWP; Nimalsiri Ekanayake, Provincial Councillor, NWP; C. Wickremanayake, Provincial Councillor, NWP: N.B. Kaluheridiwela, Provincial Councillor, NWP; Gilbert Jeyawardena, Provincial Councillor, NWP; Tissa Herath, Provincial Councillor, NWP; D.S. Jayawardena, Provincial Courcillor, NWP; Salinda Dissanayake, Provincial Councilor, NWP, I.M. Gunatileke, Provincial Councillor, NWP; K. Somapala Kaпakaratne, Provincial Councillог, NCP, Kebitigollawa; Nalin Wijeyaratne, Provincial Councillor, NCP, Madawachchiya; A.M. Runjit Adhikaram, Provincial Councillor, Uva, Bibile; Kirthisinghe Ratnayake, Provincial Councillor, Uwa, Mone ragala; M.B. Leclaratne, Provincial Councillor, Uva, Passaril; M.S.M. Samsudeen, Attorney-atLaw, Town Councillor, Hanban tota; Lakshman Ananda LameTolle, President, Pradeshiya. Subha, Baddegama; M.P. Wincent, Leader of Opposition, Pradeshiya Sabh El,
Continued on page 18

Page 18
18 TAMIL TIMES
Continued from page 17
Polpithigama; D.A. Jayasekera, Pradeshiya Sabha Member, Badde gama; Nimal Wijesuriya, Attorney-at-Law, Pradeshiya Sabha Member, Hambantota; Pavade Madasami, Pradeshiya Sabha Member, Agalawatte; Jaya Pathirana, Former Supreme Court Judge, Kurunegala; Professor H. Shriyananda, Dean of the Faculty of Engineering Technology, Open University, Nawala; Professor B.E.S.J. Bastiampillai, Department of History and Political Science, Colombo University; Dr. Radhika Coomaraswamy, Committee for Rational Development, Colombo; Dr. K. Sritharan, Department of Mathematics, Jaffna University; K.D.G. Kulatunga, Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Open University, Nawala, Pulsara Liyanage, Lecturer, Department of Classical Studies, Kelaniya; Sumathy Sivamohan, Lecturer, Department of English, Peradeniya University; Ranjit Wijekoon, Lecturer, English Language Teaching Unit, Peradeniya University; Gunadasa Kapuge, Musician and Singer, Anuradhapura; Raja Dharmapala, Dharmavedi Institute, Narahenpita; Kuliyapitiya Sri Prananda, Vimukti Dharma Kendra; V. Thirunavakarasu, Editor "Samadharmam; Keerthi Kelegama, 'Observer', 'Sunday Observer’; Edwin Kotelawala, Former Editor Haraya', Pradeshiya Sabha Member; Sunil Kahagalle, Special Correspondent Divaina', “Ravaya” Polpithigama; U.R.J. Wijeyasena, Former Librarian, Public Library, Anuradhapura; Sunila Abeyesekera, Colombo; Dulcie de Silva, Sri Lanka Mahajana Kantha Sammelanaya; Bernadeen Silva, Women's Education and Research Centre; Tilaka Herath, Progressive Women's Front; Lalitha Duwage, Organisation for Protection of Rural Resources, Matugama; Malini Kulatunga, Colombo; Chithra Fernando, Director/Secretary, NCC Department of Education; Malini Devandnda, Director/Secretary, Lanka Sabha Board of Christian Education; Padma Hensman, NCC Women's Commission; Audrey Rebera, NCC Women's Commission; Padmini Palliyaguru, Mothers and Daughters of Lanka; Anita Fernando, Community Education Centre, Malabe; E.M. Bandaramenike, Progressive Women's Front, Ibbagamuwa; Sumika Perera, Progressive Women's Front, Galketigama; Daya Ariyawathie, Rural Organisation for Self-Support, Welewa, Aulegama; Padma Ranasinghe, Progressive Women's Front, Bakmigolla; Nanda M. Jayalath, Madahapola; Rajamani Devanayaki, Agalawatte; Biso Ekanayake, Waduressa, Maeliya; Daya Kahagalle, Waduressa, Maeliya; Nalini Wijesuriya, Doraveruwa, Maeliya; S.A. Yamuna Udellatha, Relief and Rehabilitation Sevika, Sarvodaya Centre, Trincomalee; D.M. Asoka Kumari, Shramadana Sevilka, Sarvodaya Centre, Trincomalee; Dr. Manorani Saravanamuttu, Colombo; Dr. Rajendra Wijetunga, Provincial Councillor, NWP; Dr. Sunil Ratna priya, Colomb o ; Dr. Z.M. Ilyas, Sri Lanka Muslim Congress, Provincial Councillor, NWP; D.W. Abeyakoon, Attorney-at-Law, President, 'Voice' Colombo; Ainsley P. Samarajeewa, Attorney-at-Law, Colombo; S.G. Punchihewa, Attorney-at-Law, Secretary, Movement for the Defence of Democratic Rights; Karunaratne Herath, Attorney-at-Law, Anuradhapura; Shahul Hameed, Attorney -at-Law, Anuradhapura; Vasantha Sumiththrachchi, Attorney-at-Law, Anuradhapura; V.M. Hubert, Attorney-atLaw, Maharagama; Rohan Fernando, Attorney-at-Law,
Civilians Asked
The civilian population of Jaffna, numbering over six hundred thousand are being encouraged to leave the peninsula and take refuge in nearby islands, before the security forces move in for a final thrust against the LTTE.
“We will destroy the LTTE's war machine but before that we want to make sure that the innocent civilians are safe.' JOC Chief, Hamilton Wanasinghe said.

15 FEBRUARY 1992
Hambantota; G. Wickramasinghe, Attorney-at-Law, Tissamaharamaya; M.K.M. Munsoor, Attorney-at-Law, Hambantota; R.A. Jayaweera, Chartered Accountant, Colombo; Padmini de Alwis, Scientist, Colombo; H.M. Bandara, Hony. President, Athimale, Multi-purpose Cooperative Society, Dombagahawela; T.A. Punchibanda, Hony. President, Kagama Multi-purpose Co-operative Society; S. Thurairajah, Retired Administrative Officer, Colombo; Kularatne Wickramasinghe, President, All Lanka Peasant Congress, Polonnaruwa; Sri Dharmapriya Jayakody, VicePresident, All Lanka Peasant Congress, Minuwangoda; S. Nadesan, President, United Plantation Workers Union; Jayaratne Maliyagoda, President, Lanka General Services Union, Kandy; Saranapala Silva, General Secretary, Commercial and Industrial Workers Union; Chandra Peiris, Secretary, The Association of Parents and Children of the Disappeared; Vijayadasa Pathirane, President, The Association of Parents and Children of the Disappeared; K. Ramanathan, Navalar Road, Jaffna; N. Kandasamy, Colombo; Sarath Fernando, Devasarana Development Centre, Ibbagamuwa; Vijaya Vidyasagara, Christian Workers Fellowship; Paul Perera, Community Education Centre, Malabe; Keerthi Hewage, Secretary, Batapola Nahimi Memorial Foundation, Batapola, Wimal Fernando, Tharana Cultural Parshadaya; Wasala Gunaratne, Rajarata Organisation for the Protection of Human Rights, Anuradhapura; C. Mathangaweera, Secretary, Rural Environmental Foundation; Sudharshana Gunewardena, Negombo Youth Association; Saman Wagaarchchi, Peoples Organisation for the Freedom of the Media; Joe Rajanayagam, Project Officer, National Christian Council, Rehabilitation Committee; A.P. Narasingham, Colombo; Pulasthi Rajapakse, Trincomalee; S. Naliah, Negombo; Y. Sharma, Ramakrishna Mission, Wellawatte; G. Mahalingam, Colombo; Nihal Gunawardena, Doraweruwa; S. Saravanabhavan, Trincomalee; L.P. Chaminda Manoj Kumar, Abhayapura, Trincomalee; S. Mohamed Ali, Trincomalee; R. Obeysekera, Health Officer, Pannipitiya; M. Gnanapragasam, Trincomalee; M.Y.A. Abdul Cader, Malwana; I. Kariyawasam, Kalutara South; N. Pakyarajah, Hindu College, Bambalapitiya; D.
Noah, Rosmead Place, Colombo; Kenneth Dharmaratne, National Christian Council; M.W. Karunatilleke, Indolamulla, Dompe; K. Ramanathan, Colombo; P. Narasinghe Iyer, Karanavai East, Karaveddi; M. Selvaranee, Agalawatta; M. Vishwasam, Askeliya, Badureliya; S.N.B. Ali Mohamed, Badureliya; M. Manickkavasagar, Badureliya; Ven.
Wellawatte Gnanabhivamsa Thero, Suvisuddharamaya, Welawatte; Nimal Punchihewa, Attorney-at-Law, Colombo;
Jagath Siriwardena, Institute for Poverty and Socio-Economic Analysis; Lucien Rajakarunanayake, Journalist; Ven.
Bogammana Rathanasara Thero, Deputy Sangha Nayaka of Colombo Navakorale, Viharadhipathi, Sumangalaramaya,
Thiragama, Kohillegedera; Ven. Daniyagama Sri Vararathana Thero, Chief Sangha Nayaka of Kalagampalatha,
Viharadhipathi, Sri Vanasingharamaya, Aluviharegama,
Senapura; Ven. Pu wakimote Dammarama Thero,
Viharadhipathi, Asokaramaya, Siyambalapitiya, Kegalle;
Ven. B. Dammananda Thero, Viharadhipathi, Purana
Viharaya, Badiyawa, Bibile; Ven. Gurudeniye Pannakiththi
Thero, Sri Pushparamaya, Ganegoda, Polgahawela; Professor
Carol Foneka, Dean, North Colombo Medical College, Ragama,
to Leave Jaffna
The LTTE's rival Tamil group, the EPDP has also moved in to play a supporting role in organising the settlement of civilians in Army-controlled islands on the outer perimeter of the Jaffna peninsula, military sources said. مح۔
"More than five hundred civilians have already moved to safe areas, despite blockades by the LTTE, a military official in Colombo said.

Page 19
its FEBRUARY 1992
Pakistan: The Brew
Troubles in Sin(
- Aabha Dixit
Ethnic hatred in Sind appears to have reached boiling point. The press, that is already under tremendous pressure from the government, has taken the lead in declaring that the provincial Jam Sadiq Ali government’s retributive style of functioning has taken the troubled province well past the danger mark and if allowed to continue in the same vein, another East Pakistan like situation in Sind could become a reality.
The Pakistan People's Party (PPP), whose home turf has borne the brunt of the establishment attacks, has responded in like vein. Benazir Bhutto made a recent public statement "that the situation in Sind is similar to the one prevailing in Bangladesh in 1971. I shall play my role.’ It has drawn both bouquets and brickbats for the PPP leader. Followers shower her with praise for taking a courageous stand on such a sensitive subject, but politicall opponents have been quick to the draw in comparing her statement with that of her father, Zulfiquar Ali Bhutto, who before the infamous crackdown of March 1971, was accused of having planned Pakistan's dismemberment.
If in the political arena, Sind continues to remain the battlefield where the two opponents slug it out relentlessly, at the popular level, Bhutto's statement has generated a debate over the future of Sind, as part of Pakistan. Across the board polarization, primarily on ethnic lines, is one noticeable feature of the debate and has called into question whether in their fanaticall search for a national identity, the rulers wilfully followed destructive policies that today are tearing its social fabric asunder.
A spate of articles have been written in all major newspapers on whether the search for an identity as Pakistani has proved false and misplaced and whether this elusive search has put the entire country on the road to disintegration. Jam Sadiq is increasingly being compared to the former Governor of East Pakistan, Monem Khan, who had the dishonourable reputation of hastening Pakistan's dismemberment through sycophancy to the militany dictators that never gave the west Pakistani elite the true picture of emergent Bangladeshi nationalism. Ever since Monem Khan has come to be associated as Pakistan's equivalent
of a Quisling.
But oblivious to at the grassroots ment’s witchhunt in the Sind hasco never before. Ev, blow by Jam agail has in fact become the nationalists. . functioning has b respectability f nationalist group Tehrik of Rasul B long march last m Sukkur and end intended to give interior Sind agai nanigans and the ting to settle Bihan rants from Bang vince.
The long marc. on the towns of the stunning success Sindhi nationalist join the bandwa nents like Liaqua addressed the lor same platform. T comes sharply inc the lukewarm res rural Sindhistoth that preceded P drive.
As the political the “centristo l nationalists, the ing character of nents - the Punjal its biggest support all level, the tuss Sadiq Ali and Ben same power strug from the socio-ecol an uncomfortable deep psychologica between the Sindh ing on what ails Si entrenched is th that it would requi sides to ever agree Sindhi's dilemma.
Insular Islam viewed the ethnic a result of the pro cess being distort highjacking of de groups. A classica defense mechanis Punjabi elite to di within Pakistan h strata of Pakistan that is dominated
 

TAMIL TIMES 19
ving
popular perceptions level, the establishto obliterate the PPP nvulsed its society as ery attempted body nst the Bhutto ladies a shot in the arm for A year under Jam's rought a new found or smaller Sindhi ps like the Awami ux Palejo. Its 28 day lonth, that began in 2d in Karachi, was vent to the anger of nst Islamabad's sheir policy of attempris (non-Bengali migladesh) in the pro
h that concentrated 2 interior areas was a and virtually every leader was trying to gon. Political oppo.t Jatoi and Benazir ng marchers on the he Palejo effort beoticeable because of sponse given by the e PPP ordered strike 'alejo’s mobilization
initiative slips from PPP towards the seemingly unchangtheir political oppooi elite - has become base. At the politicle is between Jam azir Bhutto, but the gle, when looked at homic level, presents manifestation of the l divide that exists i and Punjabithinkndhi society. So well is perceptional gap re a miracle for both on the root causes of
abad has always problems in Sind as vince's political proed and the virtual mocracy by vested
and time enduring m perfected by the fend their ubiquity as permeated every s political structure by the Punjabi. The
nationalist struggle of the Sindhis is not credited with having any political philosophy and it has drawn its fringe support from an anti-Centre posturing rather than exhibiting with any credibility, distinguishing features that stake Sind's unique claim as a separate nationality. Put plainly, to the Punjabi, Sindhi nationalism is merely a facade for perpetuating terrorism.
Sense of Frustration
Similarly, Sindhi claims of representing a civilization and having a distinct history is looked upon as an exercise in wishful thinking. Sind, according to this idée fixe, was always ruled by outsiders and Sindhi heroes were none other than 'corrupt, inefficient, negligent, debauched and given to a luxurious style of life.' It was the Pakistan movement that energized the dormant Sindhisto wrest a measure of rights from their own oppressors - the feudal lord and the pir. The sense of negativism displayed by these twin forces of status quo, who even today dominate the political and socioeconomic landscape, are instrumental in injecting the sense of deprivation and frustration among the Sindhi masses, which the feudal and pir have channelized into the nationalist mould to ward off any attack upon their leadership.
The ruling Punjabi elite rejects claims by Sindhi intellectuals that the original people of Sind are ethnically different from the rest of Pakistan. The Punjabi world view sees Sind through the historical prism as a multiracial society, where many ethnic groups have intermingled and hence no single group could lay exclusive claims of being sons of the soil in the entire province. Consequently, the Sindhi language, that was a key precursor to the nationalist struggle, is looked upon as another regional language like Punjabi or Pushto, which may be comparatively more developed. Thus the language riots of 1972, that set fire to the ethnic cauldron, arose because of the attempt to give more importance to Sindhi, than what is done for other regional languages in the rest of the provinces of Pakistan.
If language and feelings of exclusivity are rejected by the Punjabi world view, the rural-urban divide that is often projected by Sindhi intellectuals as an example of ethnic discrimination, becomes only an issue of urban and rural sociology. But the icing on the cake of Punjabi domination betrays the ruling elite's desire to portray itself as a master race in Pakistan. To them, Punjab has progressed because of its history and the character of the people, who work harder and better. The irrigation miracle of upper Sind in the British days is touted as an example of
Continued on page 23

Page 20
20 TAMIL TIMES
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Page 21
5 FEBRUARY 1992
Human R in NOrth
(Continued from last issue)
One of the people interviewed by Amnesty International in June 1991 described how late one evening in April 1990 three armed members of the LTTE jumped over the wall around his house and ordered him to come with them for interrogation. They blindfolded him and took him in a van to what seemed to be a transit camp. He was held there for nine days with an estimated 40-45 others. During this period, he was never interrogated. On the ninth day, he was transferred to Tunukkai, Mullaitivu district where one of the largest places of detention of the LTTE at that time was established. Tunukkai LTTE detention camp was situated in the former premises of the Paddy Marketing Board Stores. The majority of the prisoners were held in a large covered area which was divided into individual spaces for prisoners by white lines painted on the ground. Each prisoner was allocated a numbered space of 3' x 2. Prisoners were forced to stay in their allocated space. Their feet were shackled together with a rigid nine-inch bar. He estimated that about 800 people were held in this hall at that time. He also alleged that those considered to be "hardcore' prisoners were held separately in eight foot deep pits surrounded by barbed wire. There were five such pits in the camp, each of which, he thought, contained approximately 20-25 prisoners.
Amnesty International has also received several reports of torture of prisoners held in LTTE custody. The same prisoner mentioned above described in his testimony to Amnesty International how at a detention camp set up in the Kachchai area, near Chavakachcheri, Jaffna District, where they had been transferred from Tunukkai, he and four other prisoners were put into a small room, told to stand with their face towards the wall and were hit on the back with a sledge hammer. He said he received seven blows and claims he still has problems breathing as a result.
In mid-July 1990, at Kachchai LTTE detention camp, he also witnessed how 16 soldiers of the Sri Lanka army who had been taken prisoner during the LTTE attack on Kokkavil Army Camp in Mullaitivu District were tortured in an open space inside the camp. He said he saw how nails were pushed under their fingernails, how they were forced to eat mud and sand and were stripped naked and made to roll in the hot sand. He described how they were hung upside down and beaten and how, one by one, they were put into a small room in which red chillies were being burnt. He said he could hear them cry out in pain.
Several ex-prisoners of the LTTE have provided Amnesty International with names of people in LTTE custody, including names of members of rival groups, journalists, employees of institutions such as banks, civil servants and police officers. Relatives of people in LTTE custody have also written to the organization. Several of them claim that they have not been able to establish the fate or whereabouts of their relatives who were taken into custody by the LTTE. Among those 'disappeared are dozens of police officers who surrendered to the LTTE in June 1990 as well as Muslim and Sinhalese civilians.
Amnesty International interviewed a relative of two Sinhalese brothers from Kallady in Batticaloa District: 35-year-old W.H. Sony Silva and 28-year-old W.H. Sarath. They were taken away by the LTTE while travelling on a bus to Colombo on 7 July 1990. The bus was stopped in the vicinity of Chenkalady, north of Batticaloa, by an LTTE convoy of three pick-up trucks. The relative believes that they were taken because they were married to Tamil women and because one of them had earlier refused to
 
 
 

TAMILTIMESž1
Internationa
ights Violations East Sri Lanka
give the LTTE use of his boat. Their relatives have made appeals through the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) but to date their whereabouts remain unknown.
In mid-November 1990, 28 Muslim traders from Jaffna were taken by local LTTE cadres. Three of them were released, one was reportedly killed in custody. Twenty four of them continue to be held as of early June 1991.
Hundreds of Sinhalese and Muslim villagers have also been killed by the LTTE since the outbreak of the fighting in the northeast. Villages in areas bordering the present Northeastern Province, particularly in Pollonaruwa District, but also in Anuradhapura and Moneragala District, have been attacked, often at dusk or night time. Seventeen villagers were killed on 14 April 1991 at Ethimale, a largely Sinhalese village in the Moneragala District, near the border with Amparai District by a group of approximately twenty LTTE cadres. Among the victims were at least six children. It is difficult to ascertain with complete certainty the identity of the attackers. Survivors are often confused and make apparently contradictory statements. Sometimes the LTTE has claimed responsibility. On other occasions, LTTE spokespersons abroad have issued statements denying they were involved in the killings. The latter, for instance, happened in early August 1990, when 103 Muslim worshippers were killed inside two mosques at Kattankudy in the east.
Among the victims of extrajudicial executions by the LTTE are also a number of people who have disobeyed LTTE orders, including LTTE members, and people found guilty of misappropriating funds or abusing the name of the LTTE. One such victim is 39-year-old Vasantha Sulosana from Navatkiri, Neerveli, Jaffna District. She was publicly executed on 15 August 1991 at Muthiraisanthai, together with one Shanmuganathan (alias Guru Master), who had reportedly been found guilty of fraud. Vasantha Sulosana was tied to a lamppost and executed by a woman LTTE cadre. Her body was later dropped in front of her
Ole.
"foctober 1990, the LTTE issued an ultimatum to Muslims in Mannar, Mullaitivu, Kilinochchi and Jaffna districts to leave the area or be killed. An estimated 40,000 fled south to Puttalam and Colombo. Similar threats have been reported in mid-July 1991 in some Muslim villages in the east.
Amnesty International's investigations into the above allegaLions are continuing. Although relatively little information is available about the procedures established by the LTTE with egard to the treatment of prisoners, it is apparent that basic principles proclaimed in international humanitarian and human ights law are not always adhered to. As a matter of priority, herefore, Amnesty International believes the LTTE should 2nsure that prisoners are not held in incommunicado or in secret. Prisoners should be seen promptly and regularly after arrest or :apture by representatives of an independent body such as the CRC which can monitor their well-being and seek to protect hem. Prisoners should be held in humane conditions and LTTE adres should be instructed that under no circumstances the orture and killing of defenceless people, including prisoners and ivilians, is permitted.
GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES
During its talks with government officials in March and June 991, Amnesty International was informed of certain steps the overnment has taken to attempt to stem the tide of human
Continued on page 22

Page 22
22 TAM TIMES
Continued from page 21 rights abuses that take place in the country. As stated in the Introduction, Amnesty International met with representatives of the Presidential Commission of Inquiry into the Illegal Removal of Persons' and the Human Rights Task Force, both bodies recently set up by the government in an attempt to investigate and prevent human rights violations, 'disappearances' and torture in particular.
8.1 initiatives relating to 'disappearances':
The Presidential Commission of Inquiry into the Illegal Removal of Persons is mandated for one year to investigate all cases of 'disappearances' that occurred after 11 January 1991, the date of its establishment. Amnesty International has welcomed its creation, believing that a full, impartial investigation can play an important part in preventing future abuses, provided that its working methods and terms of reference will enable it to function effectively.
When meeting with its members in June 1991, the delegation inquired about the Commission's working methods. It was told that during the period January - June 1991, the Commission had received 363 complaints and that, after initial investigation, 35 were found to be within its terms of reference. Out of the 35 investigated cases, eleven of the 'disappeared' persons were found to be in custody, on remand or released and in 24 cases, inquiries were continuing. Amnesty International also noticed when raising the work of the Presidential Commission with human rights activists from the northeast, that the large majority of them were either not aware of its existence or did not know where and how one could get in touch with them.
Amnesty International learned that as part of the initial investigations by the Presidential Commission, relatives were expected to travel to Colombo to appear in person before the commission before a final decision is made about the acceptance of their case. Amnesty International is concerned by the apparently slow nature of the procedures applied by the Presidential Commission. Taking into account the present situation in the country, it is concerned that travelling to Colombo may be difficult, particularly for people living in those areas where most "disappearances' take place for the moment, i.e. the east. Amnesty International is also concerned at the high number of cases submitted that have apparently been deemed to fall outside the mandate of the Presidential Commission.
It also learned from the commissioners that one interim report has so far been submitted to the President and that a final report on their activities will be written in the period January - March 1992. Amnesty International understands from government officials that it may be possible for the term of office of the Commission and for its terms of reference to be extended.
Amnesty International was informed of the government's plans to introduce legislation before Parliament to allow relatives of "disappeared' to obtain death certificates if their relatives have been missing for a certain period. This would allow relatives to qualify for relief, pensions, etc.
In relation to 'disappearances' reported recently from the northeast of Sri Lanka, the government informed Amnesty International of its request to the Indian Government to be provided with a list of all refugees from Sri Lanka presently living in refugee camps in Tamil Nadu, south India. The government said it hoped to find some of those reported as 'disappeared' among these refugees. Amnesty International wants to stress that all cases of 'disappearances it has submitted to the government fulfil certain criteria, including that there is adequate proof that the person was arrested by the security forces. It therefore surmises that, if some of those considered as 'disappeared' were indeed in India, that they may have left the country directly after having been released from custody and without informing their relatives or Amnesty International.
8.2 Initiatives relating to arrest and torture:
The establishment of the Human Rights Task Force under the chairmanship of a former judge of the Supreme Court, J.F.A. Soza, was announced at the time of the Amnesty International visit to Sri Lanka. The Amnesty International delegation met with Justice Soza and discussed with him in detail the terms of

15 FEEBRUARY 1992
ference of the newly-established body. At that time, the Task orce had not as yet become operational although advertiseents for several investigating officers and administrative staff id appeared in the press."
The Task Force, which is a permanent body, has six parts to its andate, which is generally described as "to monitor the servance of fundamental rights of detainees'. These six tasks mprise:
1. To maintain a comprehensive and accurate register of detainees with full details of their detention and ensure observances of and respect for their fundamental rights, and ensure humane treatment for them.
2. To investigate and establish the identity of each and every detainee by a proper identification process.
3. To monitor the welfare of the detainees.
4. To ensure the safe handing over of detainees to properly identified next of kin at release from detention. 5. To carry out regular inspections of places of detention, make roll calls and other necessary spot checks and to take immediate steps to remedy any irregularities.
6. To record any complaints or representations and/or grievances that may be made and take immediate remedial action.
Amnesty International was assured that a register of all people tained under the Prevention of Terrorism Act and Emergency gulations would be kept centrally, regularly updated and ade accessible to members of the public. Amnesty International as also assured that the authority of the Task Force would tend to all places of detention, including army camps and ssible unofficial 'safe houses'.
Amnesty International welcomes the establishment of the uman Rights Task Force. The keeping of a public, central gister, the setting up of a system of regular visits to places of tention by an independent body and the monitoring of releases ive all been recommendations for the prevention of torture, sappearance' and extrajudicial execution made by Amnesty ternational in the past.
According to information provided by the government, there ere 7,619 people in detention in the south as of early June 91. The following were figures provided for Tamil people in tention:
Batticaloa prison: 28 Batticaloa STF custody: 147 Trincomalee prison: : 10 Pollonaruwa: 9 Vavuniya: 10 Poonanai: 11 Magazine prison, Colombo: 279 Anuradhapura prison: 2 Negombo prison: 3
499
These figures do not include people held at local army camps, 2 total number of which is unknown to Amnesty International. Justice Soza assured the Amnesty International delegation at the Task Force would regularly visit places of detention in e east. instructions were also issued to police in October 1990 ncerning the proper registration of prisoners held for subvere activity, and requiring that senior officers be personally 'olved in the interrogation of these suspects to ensure their 'sonal safety.
or Amnesty International's more general comments and recomndations with regard to the working of the Presidential Commisof Inquiry into the illegal Removal of Persons, see Sri Lanka: mmission of Inquiry Announced to investigate New Cases of appearance' (Al Index ASA 37/04/91) of February 1991 and Sri ka: Update on Commission of Inquiry to investigate New Cases Disappearance' (Al Index: ASA 37/12/91) of April 1991. mnesty International has since learned that the Task Force has cured its own premises and has started visiting places of 2ntion and compiling a central register.
(To be continued).

Page 23
15 FEBRUARY 1992
Closing date for completed grid and coupon to be received is 31
March 1992.
Answers and the name of the winner - first all correct entry pulled out of a bag - will be announced in the April 1992 issue.
The winner will receive a prize of £20,00 sterling. All entries should be sent to: Tamil Times, P.O. Box 121, Sutton,
Surrey SM13TD, UK.
Across. 1. Tamil poet who rendered Ramayana in Tamil (6)
6. Greek teller of moral animal fables (5) 10. Miss Gardner who shot to fame in the film Bhowani Junction, affectionately (3)
11. Key factor (4) 12. Specially made in a particular style (3) 13. The family of two German brothers who wrote many popular fairy stories (5) 15. Intellectually acute (4)
嵩 A number of enumerated things 18. Colourless, odourless and tasteless resin used in paints, abb. (3) 20. A dwelling for a fox (3) 22. Powell, a Tory firebrand of yester years (5) 24, Prefixed to 'on' it's anonymous (2) 25. French protestant leader who stood for rigorous observation of Christian values (6) 28. Short hectare (2) 29. Heroin in the verse drama which has the same name authored by 1 Down (9) 31. Laotian monetary unit (2) 32. An excuse often given in a court of law (5) 33. Usually refers to researched information (4) 35. Ibidem – in the first place, abb. (2) 36. The earliest evolved from reptiles 200 million years ago (6) 40. Connections between transmitters and aerials (4-3)
41. Short foot (2)
敬 Sri Lanka's popular export product
43. Albanian monetary unit (3) 44. East European mountain range
46. Egyptian president to his family and friends (5)
Bible (2)
tivals (3)
a fox (3)
ance' (7)
ビ
O
47. A girl's name or a Philippine hurricane (4)
Down: པའི་ 6 1. India's 5th century dramatist and poet and author of 29 Across (8) 2O 2. Briefly, Authorised Version of the
3. - David, Star of David (5) 24 4. Author of Lucky Jim, That Uncertain T Feeling, Take a Girl Like You and other novels (4) 29 5. The sign of the zodiac Aries (3) - 6. 'A' when used emphatically before a vowel sound (2) B2 7. Requests a self-addressed stamped envelope for reply (3) 8. Inspirational sound at Spanish fes
9. A collection of classical Indian fables in which animals are portrayed 89 in human situations (12) 14. Revolution per minute (2) 15. Tamil writer of great repute and 2 ಙ್ಗUhor of "Meaningful Hinduism' 17. The township in Andhra Pradesh associated with the famous Court jester Raman (6) 19. A disguise or even a pretext (4) 21. Short altitude (3) 23. Friendly conversation (4) Quiz 25. Young one of a lion or even that of
Acros 26. '-, minerals and vegetables', Gil- 16. At bert and Sullivan's 'Pirates of Penz- Anaco
Three 27. Author of Ramayana (7) 30. Direction of Mecca indicated in Down: mosques by a niche in the wali (6) 34. Higher form of the GCE (2) 3. Sarr 37. Middle-eastern port city (4) inc Rg 器 Chemical symbol for manganese nCh. 3 39. Pen for the pigs (3) 41. Evergreen coniferous tree (3) Yಬ್ಜn
45. In this way or that (2)
Continued from page 6
car-bomb which killed General Wijeratne, is said to have crossed over to Tamil Nadu to accomplish the task of assembling the belt-bomb. It was after this task that he had come down to Colombo and assembled another carbomb in Ratmalana that blasted the GOC building at Sir Ernest de Silva Mawatha. In all three incidents about 75 people died. , : A special team of the City Crime Detective Bureau was flown to Madras a fortnight ago to identify a youth called Ravi, whom the SIT nabbed suspecting him to be the man whom they were looking for. However, the local team to whom the man was shown dismissed the SIT's suspicion.
Reports from Madras also said that Ravi was the only prime suspect now wanted in connection with the Rajiv Gandhi assassination and if the task of apprehending him is accomplished, legal proceedings would commence. All other suspects in the Rajiv assassination either committed suicide or are in custody.
Continued from page
Punjabi enterprise oft into green fields. The domination of the arm sustenance from the E martial races. They ha the armed forces of Pa merit and because of meet the maximum s cellence.
The Punjabi view o crisis in Sind is strikin perception of the Ban ties. As Sindhi bashin abated, it too, will tak of the country throu heaval that will shred ty irreparably.
The newspaper The up the consequences elite's failure to learn ences of the past. It v look around us today, echoes of the 1960s, in ing political opponents and in terms of the tu is evident in the ha . . . .There are also s similarities. First an i

AMA TIMES 23 .»
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Crosswords - 11: Solutions.
s: 1. Christmas. 9. AD. 11. Araneid. 12. Able. 14. Thomas. 15. Grebe.
17. Puma. 18. Mentor. 22. Maria. 23. Agee. 24. OT. 26. Rot. 27.
驚 ÄM . Thaipongal. 33. Nile. 36. Sneak 37. Troth, 41. Trine. 43.
Se M9.
: 1. Catamarans. 2. HRH. 3. Rao. 4. inmate. 5. SEATO. 6. Tis. 7. MD. ma. 9. Alb. 10. Deepavali. 13. Bearing. 15. Gum. 19. Ego. 20. Nettle. nin. 25. Tap. 27. AA. 28. Courts. 29. On. 30. Daphne. 32. Heave. 34. 8. Ore. 39. Tim. 40. NW. 42. En.
er: S. Vijayan, 42 Van Dyke Street, Toxteth, Liverpool L8 OR7,
9. nowledge a problem in all its dimensions - until it is too late, and even ": then to adjust reality to an eclectic
ed forces draws ritish theory of lve made it into ukistan on their their ability to tandards of ex
f the emerging gly similar to its gladeshiʼs abilig continues un2 the remainder gh another upPakistani socie
News summed
of the ruling rom the experiwrote, “when we here are strong terms of brandas unpatriotic, nnel vision that ndling of Sindome disturbing nability to ack
reading of events. This approach links, 1971 to 1991. So does the tunnel vision that made Bengali separatism a selffulfilling prophesy, and is today probably driving Sind to the point of no return.' (Aabha Dixit is a research officer at the Institute of Defence Studies and Analyses and uvas recently in Pakistan.)
Genealogist Wanted Expert Genealogist required to undertake research into our family history in Sri Lanka. Apply to E52 c/o Tamil Times with address and credentials. Fee payable.
Free Tamil Tuition by Correspondence
Contact: Mrs. Varatha Shanmuganathan 9 Wolseley Road, Wealdstone, Harrow, Middx., HA35RZ
From Primary to GCSE. Please send in a self addressed stamped envelope
with your letter.

Page 24
24 TAMILTIMES
sutton, surrey SM 37 Phone: 08-644 0972.
MATRMONIAL
Jaffna Hindu parents, seek partner for daughter, 23, British citizen, graduate in good employment in London. Send horoscope, details. AM 550 C/o annis inmeS.
Jaffna Hindu sister seeks suitable partner (preferably educated, 34 - 40) for elder brother (divorced with one son), 43, banker, Canadian Permanent Resident. Please send details. AM 557 C/O armis firmes. Jaffna Hindu parents seek partner for daughter, 22, fair, Canadian Citizen and following Business studies in Canada. Details and horoscope to M558 c/o Tamil Times.
Jaffna Hindu brother seeks partners for homely brides, 42 & 39, living in Sri Lanka. Divorcees without encumbrances considered. Details and horoscope in first letter. M559 c/o Tarni! Tinnes. Well established Jaffna Hindu Canadian citizens seek polished, educated bride for only son, 26 years, well employed Canadian Government officer. Send details, horoscope. M560 C/o Tamillines.
Jaffna Hindu parents seek bride, British citizen or permanent resident for son, 30, part qualified accountant (finalist) working in London. Mars afflicted. Send horoscope, details. AM 56 í C/O armi lineS. Jaffna parents seek partner for daughter, 31 years, British citizen, working in London and owns house; practising Jehovahs witness. Prospective partner Jehovahs witness or sympathetic and understanding. Age, race no bar. M. 562 C/O anii lines. Christian Tamil parents seek groom for daughter, 23, pretty, 5'4", educated in Jaffna, working in London, for early marriage. Write with recent photographs. M 563 c/o Tamil Tinnes.
WEDDING BELS
We congratulate the following couple on their recent wedding. Ramesh son of the late Mr. Rajendram and Mrs. R. Rajendram of 34 Road 8/14, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia and Ratnajothy daughter of the late Mr. V. Seevaratnam and Mrs. Seevaratnam of Urumpirai South, Sri Lanka on 26.1.92 at Sri Ghanapathy Temple, London SMV19.
Private Tition
Pure/Applied Mathematics, Statistics, Physics O/A Level. Homes visited.
Te: O81 8643227
Mr. Sangarapillai N Lane, Colombo 4, r. Manager and Consul lanka, passed awa london after a brie Funeral took place ac 28-12-91 in Bromley Children Dr. Bhannini vindhan (U.K.), grana Dr. (Mrs.) Saradha , Bromley, Kent, wish and gratitude to all f the immense suppor ance in several way shock and grief. The thank them individu Gardens, Bickley, Br
Miss Kanagammah nam), 79, formerly College; Principal, P, lege and Vadamarac and inspectress of S. of the late Mr. & Mrs muttu of Arialai, Jafn Arulammah Somasu Singham, late Dr. P Sivapakian (Jegasot loved auntie of Mrs passed away peас 21. 1.92 and was cren January. We pray fo her soul - Mrs. Devil Rofant Road, Northw 22974.
As we go to press, W the passing away ( Kulendran, First B. Jaffna Diocese of the on Friday, 14.2.92. H funeral took place on in Vaddukoddai, Jaff
 
 
 

15 FEBRUARY 1992
UARES
ladarajah of 27 Castle tired Assistant General tant, Bank of Ceylon, Sri ly while on holiday in f illness on 16-12-91. cording to Hindu rites on , Kent. His wife Lalitha, Kumar, (UK), Dr. Arason Niroshan along with and P. Rajasimman of to express their thanks riends and relations for t, sympathy and assist/s during their time of y regret their inability to ally. - 21 Welismoor mley, Kent.
Saravanamuttu (SatkuTeacher, Jaffna Hindu andatheruppu Girls Collchi Hindu Girls College chools, Jaffna, daughter . Annammah Saravanala Sister of the late Mrs. ndarann, Dr. Thanabalaarananathan and Mrs. hy) Navaratnarajah; be. Pathma Selvaratnam efully in Colombo on nated at Karate on 23rd r the everlasting rest of ka Perinpanayagam, 15 food, Middx. Tel 09238
'e are grieved to learn of of the Rt. Rev. Dr. S. ishop in Jaffna of the Church of South India, 'e was 92 years old. The
Monday, 17th February 3.
Mrs. S. Perisundaram, wife of the late Senator Perisundaram, Former Minister of Labour, industries and Commerce, Sri Lanka; Founder and First President of the Ceylon Workers Congress, mother of Dr. P.S. Alageswaran, Mrs. M. Subramaniam, M.P. Sundaram, Mrs. S. Toniappa and Jaya PeriSundaram passed away in Madras on 16th February 1992. The funeral took place in Madras on 20292 – 187City Way, Rochester, Kent MEi 2BG.
Mr. S. Thambydurai - An Appreciation
The demise of Sinnappu Thambyaurai (former District Judge) on 2nd December 1991 has spelt the exit of the last of the old guards who adorned the public arena of Jaffna. He passed away at the ripe age of 85 after having led a benign life, which benefited every segment of the Tamil community and in particular, the people of Jaffna.
Mr. Thambyaurai was a product of St. John's College, Jaffna. Law was his chosen profession, after a spell at the private Bar, he joined the Judiciary. He had been in the Judicial Service for over 20 years and had served in Anuradhapura, Chilaw, Point Pedro, Batticaloa, Kandy and Colombo. By his amiable manners and endearing temperament, he earned the respect of the members of the Bar and the adoration of the public in every station he served. Even as a Judicial officer, he actively participated in and promoted the cultural and religious life of the community.
Mr. Thambydurai has been an ardent Tamil Nationalist who could not, by reason of his office, articulate his Committed views. However, when he retired from the Judicial Service and entered private law practice, he passionately gave expression to his nationalist fervour. He had since been actively involved in the several campaigns organised by the Federal Party and later the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF). In the absence of Mr. Chelvanayagam, Mr. Thambyclurai served as a father figure, often resolving the inner conflicts within the TULF. He has been the Vice President of the TULF from 1977 until it was outlawed in 1983.
Not withstanding his age and sober thinking, he always identified with the aspirations of the younger generation. During the turbulent days of the early 70s, Mr. Thambydurai had the courage of his convictions to defend Sivakumaran, the founder of Tamil Militant movement, who was arrested for a bomb attack on Junior Minister SOmaweera Chandrasiri in Urumpirai, in 1970. Undaunted and stoical, Mr. Thambyclurai carried on with his vigorous political activities even after an attack by the army men at his house in Thirunelvely in May 1981 killing a young man. This house was graciously lent by him to accommodate the TULF head office, after the TULF main office in Jaffna was razed to rubble by the rampaging security forces.

Page 25
15 FEBRUARY 1992
He served adversity with fortitude. His son Muthukumaraswamy, being a student activist was arrested and detained many times in the 70s for a total period of over 5 years. The father endured the pain with legitimate pride, Eventually when Muthukumaraswamy, who later qualified as an Attorney-at-Law, filed a Defamation suit against the government, Mr. Thambyaurai was a key witness in that case.
Educational institutions in Jaffna were fortunate in enlisting his services in one way or another. The presence of a large number of students and nenbers of the staff of the Jaffna University at his funeral was a symbolic acknowledgement of his invaluable services as a member of the University Council. Muthuthamby Vidyasali founded by his ancestors was fostered by him. His daughter is presently the Principal of this school.
Mr. Thambyclurai's wife predeceased him in July 1975. He is survived by his two sons and six daughters, all of whom are eminently settled in life. Two of them are Lawyers, one of them a Doctor presently in charge of the Thirunelvely Nursing Home in Jaffna, one of them a Principal and another an Engineer.
Mr. Thambydurai lived a perfect life in the service of the people and died in dignity. May His Soul Rest in Peace.
S. Navaratnam,
Attorney-at-Law,
A Nephew's Tribute
My uncle Mahendran Wanigarajah Alagaratnam, great grandson of the first Udayar of the village of Usan in Thenmaradchy, north Sri Lanka made a lasting impact on me.
A greatlover of the pastoral and one who loved the rural environment and had a horne farm of his own rearing cows and goats, he was an unpretentious person who was always humble and never hesitated to even sacrifice his own health for the good of others. He was one who always enjoyed the life around him and would even smile his way through problems and challenges. I have never seen him ill-tempered or even annoyed.
He was a sheer joy to the younger members of his family particularly his grand children who adored him. Often he would spend hours recounting to them the days of his youth - those magic years will flow with beauty and charm from his memories that were ever fresh. It was sheer nostalgia.
Apart from the livestocks he was also greatly interested in fruit farming living up to the farming traditions of his ancestors. He had his primary schooling at St. Peters College, Colombo and secondary education at Jaffna Central and St. John's Colleges. His other interests were sports and music and he enjoyed the rhythmic beats of the mridhangam which he played very well.
He was a natural story teller and humour was his forfe. He described life's events with spontaneous ease, charm and wit and was very popular among his Bank of Ceylon colleagues. He was in the Bank's service for nearly four decades.
A.
He had all the oppoi native home and be aw conflicts that have beCon. his province. Even for which he needed he wo hone and the folks aro sought material things a satisfied with little confor My uncle, affectionately a frue fnan of the Soil. He things in life and very fe with the kind of charisma privileged to pay homage able man whose memor inspiration to me and will
Nan (Mahendran Wanigara who was born on 5 Ap to rest on 5 December rial service largely atte tives and friends was h Church, Tooting, Lonc January 1991. Theabov a tribute paid by his service.).
FORTHCOMIN March 1 Prathosann. Mar. 2 Maha Sivaraththi Mar. 4 Armavasai. Mar. 76.00pm Union Co Association presents at Drama, Dinner & Disco kuthi “Eelann Kanda P, Clark High School H. Croydon, Surrey. Tel: 3772.
Mar. 76.30pm Natha Vit Kalalaya present a M evening at Brent Tow Wembley, Middx. Tel: 1263. Mar. 8 Chathurthi. Mar. 14 6.15pm West Lo presents Natya Gana Br Natya and Pann lsai á OfOr MV3. Tell 08 i 74, Mar. 18 Panguni Uththi Mar. 28 700pm Tami presents 'Kaladda Kaly School Hall, Nightingal London N9. Tel: 0923 2
Mar 3 Prathosam.
At the Bhavan Cent
Road, London W14 9 3036,4068.
Feb. 29 7.00pm Karna Sivasakthi Sivanesan. Mar. 2 715pm Maha Prasad. All welcorne. Mar. 7 6.30pm Wani presents Bharatha Nat Manet from Pondicherry Mar. 8 6.30pm Kathak b Mar. 13 7.45pm & Ma Dances of India by Ho! dra Boricha & Group fi Mar. 14 5.30pm. Mahabh Mathoor Krishnanmurti. Mar. 20 7.45pm & Mar. Nritya by Dr. Padma Su troupe. Mar. 21 5.30pm Ween Troupe from india. Mar. 28 5.30pm. Mahabh Mathoor Krishnamurti.
 

TAMILTIMES 25
tunity to leave his ay from the terrible he endenic to life in nedical treatinent uld not forsake his und hin. He never ind was more than is in life. 7"mama' to me, was found joy in simple Av would be blessed he possessed, lam to such a remarky Will always be an
be cherished. dakumar Ratnave. jah Alagaratnam il 1929 was called 1991 and a memonded by his relaed at St. Nicholas
on SW7 on e is a résumé fron nephew at this
G EVENTS
bllege Old Students n evening of Dance,
featuring Naaddukaandiyan' at Heath all, Cooper Road, O81 669 8161/993
dyalaya & Narthana usical and Dance n Hall, Forty Lane, O31 968 7.316/509
'ndon Tami School inchann -- Bharatha at Acton Town Hall, 38.289/.574 4463.
ram. Fu moon.
Union of Herts. "anam’ At Salisbury 2 Road, Edmonton, 226OOO.
’e, 4A Castletown HQ. Tel: 071 381
atic Vocal by Mrs.
Sivarathri Puja &
Fine Arts Society lyam by Ragunath , India.
y Sushmita Ghosh.
r. 15 6.30pm Folk si Mullah & Mahenroinn india.
arata Lecture by Sri
22 6.30pm Bharata brananian and her
a by Kannan and
arata Lecture by Sri
Venoshini, Veshanthini Win Challenge Trophy
The Challenge Trophy for the best South Indian dancer at the Festival of Brent 1992 was won by 10-year-old Miss Venothini Indra Kumar and 9-year-old Miss Weshanthini Ravindran. They entered the competition in the Under 11 Years Solo Class and both of them were presented with gold medals.
Venothini, had won the gold medal and Challenge Trophy in the same event in the 1991 Festival of Brent as well.
Both Venothini and Veshanthini are students of Mrs. Vijayambigai Indra Kumar, the famous dancer. Another dance student of Vijayambigai Miss Shona Kundu won the silver medal in the Open Age Solo Class at the Festival of Brent 1992.
Faberge Expert from Jaffna
*: s & &
Travel through the great traditions of the art whether Indian or European came naturally to Perampalam Baskara a son of Sri Lanka. His parents were keen that he should choose a profession that will give him a comfortable life. But he was a born Creative artist who always enjoyed oil painting,
After receiving his Master's degree in industrial design in Stoke-on-Trent, the Mecca of porcelain production and an appretticeship with a local well-known family firm, Baskara began an incredible journey into the world of art, studying various traditions and at the same time sharing his expertise with others.
Israel was his first art port of call and today a pattern he designed for a company there bears the name Baskara. From there he moved to France where a brief involvement in
Continued on page 26

Page 26
26 TAMILTIMES
Continued from page 25
women's dress wear designing did not meet with his taste. But across the border in
Germany where he joined the famous firm of
" Rosenthal, Baskara's talents began to flower
into something very special and unique.
He also enjoyed the carte blanche given to him to originate whatever designs he desired. it was the kind of freedom artists need, to give their best, unaffected by market demands. Such an opportunity enables the introduction of new features and the Creation of future demands.
Another firm of German designers, Huts
Chenreuther Offered him a new dinmenSion fO develop his art and it was here he really returned to his roots by developing Festival in Paradise which consisted of eight groupings of icons from India. This collection included a Buddha, gold-festooned elephants, and Shiva.
In 1983 he achieved his childhood dream of working in the United States and joined the market-oriented firm of Lennox as a designer. it took him two years to adapt himself to the needs of the market and meet with their requirements quite adequately. He, however, lost no time in studying the American lifestyle and very soon designed a number of suc
cessful Lennox patterns and among them
were Buchanan which found its way into the China Glass and Tableware Annual Survey of Bridal Pattern Preferences as one popularly recommended for bridal patterns. V−
Some of his other successful patterns are Hartwell House, Riverdale, Palmyrah, Bellaire, Coral Springs, Constance, Emily and Pierce.
This spring, the 42-year-old artist from Jaffna will feature a new Faberge tableware collection, a special line of fine china that originates from this famous jewellery house.
This elegant collection was premiered in the
autumn at New Yorks Tabletop and Accessories Show. Among them Baskara's Athena, a Greek-inspired pattern featuring an architectural motif was recognised by experts as a design of the future with great potential for success,
A contract with Faberge represents the opportunity of a lifetime for Baskara. It was to him a dream that has really came true.
Trio Violin Concert
The Natha Vidyalaya presented a Trio violin concert by its director Sangeetha Vidwan Smit Kalaivani lindrakumar and hersishyas Janani and Jayavani Atchuthan before a large and appreciative audience in Lord Baden Powell Hall, London SW7 on 5th October 1991. The stage was specially decorated for the occasion with flowers. The repertoire included a number of popular and ever appreciated pieces which were rendered with great ease.
The accompanists were Sri K. Sithamparanathan on Morsing and Sri Angelo Kumarathasan on Gadam.
Tami Ra
A new Tamil rad powerful frequency rated in Croydon, s the 13th of Februal it is part of an A daily from 6.00am rious Indian langua jarati, Bengali, Puny The Tamil broadc twice a week on M from 10.00pm to news, popular Tan interviews.
Mr. Wima
Veteran broadcas anathan produces a programme in this anr "Eastern FM Radio'.
Navalar Da
Dr. Ambikapathy Arunuga Navalar Da London Murugan Tei Ham, London by 30. í f. 91. ProCeedin pooja conducted b Sivam and hymns su balam. Mr. V.P. F those present refert vices rendered by Na an spoke about his which would enable t. Ambikapathy elabora had advocated. Som. Contributions of N through a dialogue Vijayakumar and Mrs This item was writ Kavingnar Gnanama) posed the song fo Nivethitha Indrakun greatly appreciated dents of Mrs. Aruntha London Veena Group ance. Mrs. T. Muthu organised this functio succession proposed
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

15 FEBRUARY 1992
dio Broadcast
io broadcast on a very FM 100.8 was inauguouth London on Thursday y. s
sian network transmitting to 12.00 midnight in vages, including Hindi, Guabi and Tamil,
ast is being beamed out fondays and Thursdays, 1.00pm, it will include nil songs, dramas and
sociaaa
ter, Mr. Wimal Sockind presents the Tamil bitious project known as ,
y in London
y was celebrated at the mple Annexe Hall in East a large gathering on gs commenced with a * Kurukkal Naganatha ng by Niroshan Arulamamanathan welcoming ed to the yeoman serzalar, Mr. Rajamanohareachings, adherence to s to lead a good life. Dr. led the reforms Navalar 2 details of the various Valar Were ilustrated between Mrs. Nirmala Kalarohini Thiagarajah. 9n and organised by iam who had also comthe recital by Mrs. ar. Both items were by the audience. Stuhy Srikantharaja of the gave a veena performunaraswamy who had for the seventh year in he Vote of thanks.
Thai Pongal in British Columbia
For the first time in British Columbia, Thai Pongal was celebrated at the Sri Maha Luxmi Temple situated at 11th Avenue and Fraser Street in Vancouver. Mrs. Thevarani inade the arrangements for the pOngal and devotional songs were sung by Mrs. Shyamala Si vakumar and Mrs. Path ma Rajamahendran. The pooja was performed in Tamil by Premaji Iyer.
Monthly poojas are conducted in Tamil at the temple at present.
Excellent Performances in G.C.S.E. Tamil Examination
21 students were presented by the London Tamil Academy for the G.C.S.E. examination in Tamil held by the University of Cambridge in November 1991. These candidates W669 from the Tamil Academy of Language & Arts, Thiruvalluvar Tamil School and West London Tamil School (Wembley). 8 candidates received A grade passes, 9 got B grade and 4 passed with a C. The South London Tamil School in Croydon had 1 in grade A and 3 in grade B. The West London Tamil School had 3 in grade A and 2 each in grades B and C. Overall there were 96 percent passes.
Miss Aarani Nitkunan of the West London Tamil School (Wembley) who had obtained 10A grade passes in other Subjects secured an additional A grade in Tamil.
Assistance to Refugees
Our organisation The East London Refugee Advice Service (E.L.R.A.S.) was inaugurated on 25.11.91 after contacting over 150 organisations and finding that they did not have the finance, time or personnel to solve the several problems ranging from immigration, Education, Housing, Employment, Unemployment Benefit, Taxation and legal matters faced by refugees.
We have formed a refugee project in association with Skillsline Ltd., and can offer free confidential advice in the language understood by the refugees. We can negotiate with landlords if they cause difficulties and put pressure on them by a referral to the rent office. If for some reason we can't help you, we have a referral service by which we can refer you to other professional people who would be better qualified to help you.
You can call in personally at 1 Balmoral Road, Leyton, London EO. (No appointment is necessary), ortelephone o81 556 688.
VINNEY VIGNES
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Book-keeping Accounting * Auditing är Tax planning # Advice on acquisition of business k Sub-contractor's Returns Other tax and accountancy services
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15 FEBRUARY 1992
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