Page 1
*o Vol XI No.6 ISSN 0266-4488 15
A Rajiv Gandhi's M
: Arg| 0
sins and
A Jayalalitha's War
OW la Save he - J. R. Jayawardeme
Le Peress' WWTO
Who is Udugampola
Tenth Anniversary Messages
Towards a ConsenSuS With CC and Conviction' - Dr. P. Saravan:
After a Decade - Editoriol
 

Tenth Anniversary Speciasse
' ; firing . பூ spetas TITTF PrgFESFJr. (Afl. rera y no fue fue ar fyriauri di Les
AY 1992 75p
A "Vanishing Hopes for Peace"
- A Special Report
a Tays
A "India & Sri Lanka Planning
Joint Aggression - LTE
a LTTE's Response to Bon
rder - 41 Persons Charged
Bitterness and Despair
Tamils: "A Family Divided
on e PreSS ir a Na
YTTED
People
)Lurage TUttU
T.N. Chief Minister, Jayalalitha

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Page 3
15 MAY 1992
CONTENTS
A Trail of Bitterness and Despair. . . . . . . 5
india bans LTTE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
- ISSN Thondarman revives idea of Jaffna visit. .8 ANNUAL
Amnesty protests at police intimidation. 9 UK/lndia/Sri Lar Australia. . . . . . Canada. . . . . . . .
Peace hopes vanishing in Sri Lanka...10
All other countr
LTTE's defiant response to ban. . . . . . 16 Pu
TAM Ten Years of Tamil Times-Messages. 17 P.Ο SUTTON, S People shun liberated islands. . . . . . . . 26 UNITE Views expressed by contributors are not necessarily Phone:
those of the editor or the publishers.
"I shall be asked whether lama prince or a legislator. this very reason that I write on politics. If I were a prit ought to be done; I should do it or remain silent'.
AFTER A
TAMIL TIMES made its first appearance in October 1981 in the aftermath of the traumatic events including the burning of the Jaffna Public Library in May-June and soon followed by the island-wide communal violence against the Tamil community in August of that year. Sri Lanka earned international notoriety following the horrific scenes of generalised arson, murder and mayhem that accompanied the anti-Tamil pogrom of July 1983 and the flight of tens of thousands of people belonging to the island's Tamil community to neighbouring India and other foreign lands. Since then the island, once described as the peard of the Indian Ocean, and its people, have experienced an era of violence and destruction unparalleled in its long history. Of late, the land that is supposed to have been 'blessed thrice' by The Buddha has come to be known as Asia's new killing fields'.
The decade witnessed the gradual erosion of democracy and devaluation of parliament in the context of an entrenched executive presidency invested with enormous powers unequalled by a head of state of any democratic country. Representative democracy was further undermined when the life of the parliament elected for a period of five years in 1977 was extended through the subterfuge of a rigged referendum. Deliberate attempts were made to subvert the independence of the judiciary through executive interference and inspired mob attacks on judges' homes. Ever since 1983, the country has been subjected to an officially proclaimed state of emergency under which many of the safeguards for the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms have remained suspended.
These years saw the institutionalisation of violence in the governance of the country. The force of reason and democratic discussion were replaced with the language of the bomb and the gun as the medium of political discourse.
The period between mid-1983 to mid-1987 also witnessed sustained military operations by government forces in the predominantly Tamil areas of the north and east.
 

TAMIL TIMES 3
CONTENTS
Who is Udugampola?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
How India saved LTTE. . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 0266- d War with P in Tamil Nad 29 SUBSCRIPTION Cold War with PreSS in Tamil Nadu . . .
ka...10/USS30 Letter from Mannar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
. . . .AusS40 . . . .CanS35 es. . .15WUSS30 The case of Rajiv Gandhi's murder. . . .31
plished by News in brief. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 TIMES LTD : BOX 121 Book Review. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 URREY SM 3TD DKINGOOM Readers Forum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 O81-644 O972 The publishers assume no responsibility for return of
unsolicited manuscripts, photographs and artwork.
hat I write on politics. I reply that I am not; and that it is for Ice or a legislator, I should not waste time in saying what
– Jean Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract.
DECADE
Although these operations were purported to be against Tamil militant groups, it was the general mass of the civilian population that suffered the most. During this period tens of thousands of young Tamils were roundedup, transported to distant places and detained without trial in specially constructed detention centres where many of them were subjected to torture. Again tens of thousands of Tamils fled the country seeking refuge and security in foreign countries.
The Indian sponsored negotiations between the government of Sri Lanka and Tamil representatives held in 1985 at Thimpu in Bhutan resulted in failure. The continuing military operations by the government and its determined effort to subjugate Tamil resistance resulted in India flexing its military muscle. This was soon followed by the signing of the Indo-Sri Lanka Agreement of July 1987 leading to the setting up of Provincial Councils and the arrival of the Indian Peace Keeping Force. However the much hoped for peace was shattered by the commencement of the confrontation between the IPKF and the LTTE in October 1987. During this confrontation which lasted until December 1989, the people were subjected to untold atrocities by the IPKF with a massive loss of lives and destruction of property particularly in the northern areas.
The period between late 1987 and early 1990 witnessed the resurgence of the JVP and its campaign of violence and terror in the south of the island. The government responded with a ruthless counter-insurgency campaign. The security forces and death squads of varying descriptions unleashed a brutal reign of uncontrolled terror in the course of which an estimated sixty to seventy thousand people were killed or 'disappeared. There was a reduction in the Scale of terror and Counter-terror with the eventual capture and murder of most of the JVP leaders.
Elections to the newly set up Provincial Councils took place in November 1988. The LTTE called for a boycott of these elections, but the presence and support of the IPKF
Continued on page 4

Page 4
4.
TAMITMES
Y
* Continued from page 3 - YS ,
ۂ ** بہتحدہ , ہم ; *
ensured the Victory of the non-LT TE Tamilgroups with
EPRLF assuming the primary role. However, the EPR and its allied groups soon earned the justifiable wrath the people when they engaged, in a futile attempt confront the LTTE, in a campaign of forced recruitmen
young Tamils to form what later came to be known as
Tamil National Army.
Ranasinghe Premadasa was elected President in L. cember 1988 against the background of widespre violence. The commencement of negotiations betwe Premadasa's government and the LTTE in April 19 which was followed by a ceasefire in the fighting betwe
the Tigers and government forces - although the fighti
between the IPKF and LTTE was continuing - was a mc unexpected development. Tensions between Sri Lan and India developed following a unilateral call by Pre, dent Premadasa for the departure of the IPKF. As t IPKF began pulling out district by district from the autun of 1989, fighting flared up between the LTTE and its riv Tamil groups in which the former emerged on top. W. the eventual total withdrawal of the IPKF In March 199 the Provincial administration collapsed as the Chi Minister and many of his colleagues fled the country, ar the LTTE took virtual Control of the north-east.
The past years also witnessed the tragic spectacle the fratricidal internecine armed conflicts among Tam militant groups in which over an estimated eight to nin hundred cadres, including many of its leaders lost the lives. In this suicidal display of mutual brutality an murder, the LTTE emerged victorious and became th most dominant of the Tamil militant groups. Even th leaders of the unarmed Tamil United Liberation Frol (TULF) fell victims to assassination for which the LTT duly claimed responsibility.
There was much hope and expectation that the talks between Premadasa's government and the LT TE woulc bring about peace and normalcy. However, after fourteer months of negotiations, and within three months of the departure of the IPKF, what is now described as the “Eelam War Ill” broke Out On 10 June 1990 betweer government forces and the LTTE which is still continuing with unabated ferocity. This war has cost more lives anc resulted in the destruction of more properties than at any time in the past, and has accelerated the dismembermen and dispersal of the island's Tamil-speaking community An estimated million people have been internally dis placed and have sought refuge in makeshift camps. The Jaffna peninsula particularly has been subjected to a virtual economic blockade and an indiscriminate bombing campaign. In a repeat performance of what they did at the height of the terror campaign in the south during 1988-90 the security forces have been responsible for the extra judicial execution and disappearance of thousands o people, especially in the east of the country.
One of the most tragic developments in the course o “Eelam War II" is the almost unbridgeable gulf that has already begun to separate the two Tamil-speaking com munities in the north-east, the Tamils and the Muslims The traditional unity that existed between both these communities, suffered almost an irretrievable blow by the cruel and unjustifiable enforced evacuation of the entirety of the Muslim population, estimated to be over fifty thousand people, from Jaffna, Mannar and other northert districts.
During the last ten years, TAMIL TIMES has sought to

15 MAY 1992
*}{
cover in its columns, news, reports and comments concerning the above developments and many other issues as objectively and truthfully as possible. Despite the hostility displayed by the government of Sri Lanka and its supporters, we did not hesitate to expose the atrocities committed against the Tamil people and its catalogue of attacks upon the democratic rights and fundamental freedoms of the people. ,
We also had our detractors and Critics within the Tamil fold. So much so, on one occasion one irate Tamil reader Criticised us for having 'opted to play fair' and for 'upholding the best of journalistic traditions' at a time when the Tamil community was facing grave dangerd
We have sometimes been accused of "having a hidden agenda. Our agenda was set in October 1981 in our first ever editorial comment (see page 16 of this issue). In discharging our function, we have been guided by the principles and parameters we set for ourselves in that comment. Despite enormous pressures of various kinds, we have endeavoured to adhere to the spirit of the sentiments expressed in that comment. While we did not hesitate to comment on political questions, we held steadfastly to our resolve to remain independent and unaffiliated to any political party or group.
We are sometimes told that by our “very title we declare a special interest. . . to inform the readership of the events affecting Sri Lanka from a Tamil point of view'. It is well to remember that we commenced publication with the promise that 'we are determined to make the TAMIL TIMES the standard bearer for the defence of democracy and human rights and a forum for discussion of political, social, economic and cultural" issues. Standing on that platform as we do, we do not consider that the duty to "inform from a Tamil point of view' means that we should conceal information from our Tamil readers concerning the violations of democratic and human rights committed by any group comprising members of the Tamil community, or by those who claim to represent the Tamil community. Nor does it mean that we desist from commenting or providing space for information relating to Such acts as forced recruitment or enrolment for the groups, abduction for ransom, arbitrary detention and torture, individual political assassinations, suppressing dissent or contrary views, absolute control and censorship of the printed media, proscription of rival political parties and groups, collective punishment meted out to a community by forcibly driving them out of their homes and turning them into refugees, etc. These acts touch the fundamental rights and freedoms of the people, and on the basis of Our Commitment, we have not remained Silent or neutral on these issues. However, we have never been partisan or selective as between groups, parties or individuals. If we are perceived as focusing more attention on the activities of a particular group, it is not because we deliberately set out to be partisan or selective, but because of our recognition of the ground reality and the Crucial role that such a group plays at a given period of time, and the impact those activities have on the development of the Situation.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights declares that it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law'. The struggle should be against tyranny and oppression and for the protection of human rights, and TAMIL TIMES is Committed to the defence of such a struggle.

Page 5
15 MAY 1992
A Trail of Bitterness and
Rita Sebastian from Colombo
The recent massacre in a Muslim village in Polannaruwa, and the retaliatory violence against Tamils in two adjoining villages, has once again jolted Colombo into the realisation that the cycles of violence against innocent civilians, whether they be Sinhalese, Tamil or Muslim will continue until such time as a political solution is put in place.
The tragedy of Allichipathana, Muthugala and Karapola is that the Muslims and Tamils in the three villages lived side by side maintaining the best of relations and as a Tamil from Karapola very eloquently put it "eating out of the same plate'. But the morning of April 30 was to bring home to them how fragile that relationship really was.
Their village brutalised, allegedly by the Tigers with the help of the Tamils from the neighbouring villages, saw the Muslims retaliate with the same unspeakable cruelty. Nobody was spared, not even little children.
Although the Muslims have identified by name, Tamil villagers who they say accompanied the Tigers, a senior police officer does not believe they did so voluntarily. If they went along with the Tigers as alleged, they must have been coerced he says to identify some of the Muslim households. The Tamil villagers have also identified some of their Muslim attackers.
What is very surprising however is that in that night of killing and looting, 54 policemen, comprising two platoons of 27 each, guarding Allichipothana and Karapola failed to provide the villagers with the protection expected from them. Most of them are believed to have fled the scene.
As usual politicians descended on the villages the next morning to direct rehabilitation efforts. Temporary accommodation in a school, tightened security and dry rations were part of the package. But what is tragic about it all is that the villagers must return to their homes on the edge of the jungle and live in constant fear of the next attack. The military has been quite open about the fact that they cannot provide security to every village that feels threatened.
Relevant to the issue now are the on-going investigations, both by the police and the three-member committee appointed by the government into the circumstances leading to the incidents, and those responsible. Since the
Tigers are alleg sponsible for the although they ha in it, what of the the reprisal killin accountable?
Political obser disturbed by ti speculate that po: the northeast is g
The ethnic c reached a no-y tragedy in Polonr wake a trail of bi neither the milita in Sri Lanka appe be capable of ove
Meanwhile Indi to ban the Tiger
Muslims
Batticaloa, (easten stood on Kallady E lagoon, with you water below, you sing, they told yo were children an heard the town's But not anymore seem to have gone perhaps by the c the exploding bom this east coast tow Negotiating the locks, and checkir security posts rig from Polannaruwa indication of wha and the adjoinin There is an uneas another incident lence between the communities, not clashes between and the Tigers.
The tensions be munities have su there is a palpabl heightened by thi lims in Allichipot followed by the Tamils in the at Muthugala and K
Not everybody t ajasingham Josep Liberation Front Parliament for B, there is a "third trying to drive a Tamils and the M

TAM TIMES 5
Despair mixed reaction in Colombo. Surpri
singly the government controlled Daily News came out strongly on what it hoped would not be a change in India's attitude towards the Tigers. There is some concern that the anti-Tiger feeling in India following Rajiv Gandhi’s assassination is not of the same intensity as it was immediately after the incident. There are genuine fears that with J.N. Dixit as Foreign Secretary there could possibly be a softening of ers in Colombo are India's attitude to the Tigers and using
lese incidents and them as a lever against the Colombo sibly the situation in government.
etting out of control.
'd to have been remassacre of Muslims, ve denied their hand
men responsible for gs. Will they be held
Indian officials in Colombo dismiss onflict has again such speculation as unwarranted. vin situation, the What puzzles them however is the fact aruwa leaving in its that while wanting India to ban the tterness and despair Tigers, Colombo is all out to open lines ry or political forces of communication with them. Presi'ar at the moment to dent Ranasinghe Premadasa is all for 'coming. bringing the Tigers back to the negoa's dilemma whether tiating table. But that prospect seems s or not has had a unlikely in the immediate future.
and Tamils : "A Family Divided
Rita Sebastian fron Batticaloa
'n Sri Lanka). If you "Inspite of the occasional clashes,
Bridge that spans the Muslims and Tamils in Batticaloa r ear tuned to the have lived like brothers. This is the would hear the fish first time that there has been reprisal u. We did when we killings of such magnitude’ said d believed that we Joseph, visiting Batticaloa to meet his famed singing fish. constituents.
though. The fish The root cause for the clashes, away. Driven away according to Joseph, are the Muslim rack of gunfire and homeguards, a para-military force of lbs and grenades in young men armed by the state to
7. protect the Muslim villages, following innumerable roadb- two major massacres in the district in g at the police and 1990.
ght along the way "They are our only mental security'
to Batticaloa is an defends lawyer Abdul Javad, vicet life in Batticaloa President of the Federation of Mosg villages is like. ques and Muslim institutions in Katy calm, needing just tankudy, the Muslim village of 50,000 o spark of the vio- persons, 6 kms from Batticaloa town, Tamil and Muslim described as the most densely popuorgetting the armed lated village in Asia.
government forces "We are surrounded by Tamil vil
lages and are at the mercy of the
„ween the two com- Tigers. Our fishermen can no longer
rfaced again. And fish in the lagoon or the sea because
fear on both sides they are inevitably picked up by the massacre of Mus- LTTE and killed' charges Javad.
hana ΟΙ April 30, An angry Javad feels very strongly reprisal killing of that the Tigers are determined to joining villages of drive the Muslims out of the three lrapola. villages of Kattankudy, Eravur and links the way Prar: Ottamavadi in the district, in their the Tamil United grand design for a Tamil Eelam. He TULF), Member of also charges Israeli agents of promisticaloa does, that ing the militants a weapon for every hand' deliberately Muslim killed.
between the Continued on page 32

Page 6
6 TAMILTIMEs
India Bans LT
The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), the dominant Sri Lankan Tamil militant group, was declared an "unlawful organisation' and banned by the Indian authorities on 13 May.
In announcing the decision of the government, Minister of Home Affairs, Mr. Shankarrao Chavan told the Indian parliament that the Tamil Tigers were a threat to the 'sovereignty and territorial integrity of our country'. He alleged that the LTTE was engaged in plotting "the separation of Tamil Nadu from the rest of India and encouraging chauvinistic groups in Tamil Nadu to openly preach secession and engage in unlawful activities'.
Mr. Chavan also accused the LTTE of training Indian Tamils in the Jaffna peninsula in northern Sri Lanka, forming them into a group called the Tamil National Retrieval Army. India would call for the extradition of Tiger leader Velupillai Prabhakaran and others involved in the assassination of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, he added.
Minister of State for Home Affairs, Mr. M.M. Jacob told the Upper House of the Indian parliament that the CBI investigations had identified LTTE leader Prabhakaran as one of the prime suspects and that he and Pottu Amman had already been declared proclaimed offenders', and that steps were being taken "as per procedure' for their extradition from Sri Lanka to India.
At a press conference in Colombo, President Premadasa's Special Adviser, Mr. Bradman Weerakoon, said that the LTTE leader could be extradited to India but “the real problem, however, is how to catch the fellow'.
Immediately following the LTTE ban, the Tamil Nadu Police chief is reported to have ordered a massive flushing out operation of suspected Tamil Tiger cadres in the State. Warning that, following the banning of the LTTE, sheltering suspected Tigers would constitute a criminal offence, the police have instructed all citizens in the State to be on the alert when giving shelter to Sri Lankan Tamils, who are likely to be LTTE cadres or sympathisers seeking cover in Indian homes.
Angry Response by Tigers
Reacting angrily to the Indian ban on them, Tamil Tigers claimed in a statement that it was the Indian government which had in the past financed the LTTE and trained their cadres in guerrilla warfare.
The statement statements made LTTE was a threa and that the LTT in Tamil Nadu ar ist forces there w to discredit the L
The banning of had shown India political interest a vated by its atte
ummmmmmm
LATE
Forty-one persons leader, V. Prabha man - described í gence chief, wer With offences on Court in connect sination of Rajiv G year.
Of the 41 charg bomb blast that and eight commit lowing the cyanid Tiger cadres Who leadership to take fronted by danger
it is now offici India has formally Lankan authorite,
LTTE leader.
term political gai ban on the LTTE because this was tinuous process genuine struggle' for their indeper statement added.
Reaction in Colc
In the wake of India, various poli Lanka joined in a c government to ta against the LTT vociferous of the LTTE’s riva Tami
On behalf of the Lanka Freedom Bandaranaike calle ment to follow Ind pose a ban on the L no concurrent actic the LTTE in Sri La that there was som Government and til
One of the main formed Democrati Front (led by Lali and Gamini Dissa Premachandra saic be praised for ban

N a.
E
added that some in India that the to India's integrity had trained youths i promoted separat
re mere accusations TE.
the LTTE by India 's narrow national nd that it was motimpts to seek short
NEWS
, including the LTTE aran and Pottu Annis the LTTE's intelli9 formally charged 20 May in a Madras on with the assasandhi on 21 May last
od, four died in the tilled Rajiv Gandhi, ed suicide by swale pill, a hallmark of are ordained by the the pill when conof being captured. ally confirmed that
r requested the Sri s fo estradite the
ns. This particular was no surprise part of Indias con
of crushing the of the Tamil people dence, the LTTE
mbo the LTTE's ban in tical parties in Sri horus of asking the ke similar action E, and the most n have been the
groups. main opposition Sri Party, Mr. Anura d upon the governia's action and imTE. He said that if n was taken to ban Inka, it would mean e "link between the e LTTE”.
aders of the newly United National h Athulathmudali ayake), Mr. G.M. that India should ing the LTTE and
15 MAY 1992
the Sri Lankan government should not only ban the Tigers, but also should seek to arrest their leader Prabhakaran and hand him over to India.
Mr. Dinesh Gunewardene, leader of the MEP, said that the banning of the LTTE in India showed the whole world the true character of the LTTE and that the Sri Lankan government should follow the example of India.
Mr. Athauda Seneviratne of the LSSP said that it was of paramount importance to work in collaboration with India to solve the problem of the north and east, and Sri Lanka should follow India in banning the LTTE.
Mr. K.P. Silva, General Secretary of the Communist Party, said that the decision made by India to impose aban on the LTTE was a victory for the patriotic people of Sri Lanka who did not wish to lose the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the country. It was not surprising that the Indian government banned the LTTE considering the activities of the LTTE on Indian soil, and that the action taken by India would prevent the LTTE using Indian territory to perpetrate further crimes, he added.
Mr. N. Sri Kantha, political adviser to the Tamil group TELO, said they wholeheartedly welcomed the ban on the LTTE by India. It was going to be a turning point in the history of the ethnic conflict. Internationally, it would help to isolate the LTTE further. The decision of the Indian government to ban the LTTE was inevitable given LTTE's involvement in activities to destabilise India, assassination of Rajiv Gandhi and the murder of the EPRLF leader Padmanabha on Indian soil. However, the Sri Lankan Tamil refugees in Tamil Nadu should not be penalised for the crimes of the LTTE, he added.
EPRLF General Secretary, Suresh Premachandran said that his party welcomed the banning of the LTTE, and the government of Sri Lanka should use this opportunity to solve the ethnic problem because the LTTE was now in a "tight spot'.
A spokesman for PLOTE, another Tamil militant group, said that the Indian government by its action had demonstrated its total opposition to terrorism in any form and shown its friendly and cooperative attitude to the people of Sri Lanka.
Cabinet Minister and leader of the Ceylon Workers Congress, S. Thondaman, is reported to have said, 'Based on the interests of the Indian Government, it has banned the LTTE. It is not for me to welcome it or not to welcome it.

Page 7
15 MAY 1992
Forces beef marine security
against LTTE
The fish around the coast of TamilNadu must be wondering why the sea is rattling with the sound of sophisticated weaponry and security personnel armed to the teeth. The answer is that another attempt is being made to tighten the noose around the LTTE following its recent threat to kill prominent officials and politicians. The new security ring consists of three tiers: the state police, the navy and the para-military forces. The aim is to throttle infiltration by LTTE activists and the smuggling of arms, diesel and rice.
Specially-trained anti
sabotage units are guarding all the major intersections
leading to the coast. The movement of every single vessel and fisherman is scrutinised and intelligence units have even moved into the villages and towns dotting the coastline to keep an
eye on things.
One unexpected casualty of the security clampdown is Point Calimere, the famous flamingo sanctuary. Ever since the navy took over the guest-house inside the sanctuary, bird lovers have been deterred from coming and their numbers have dwindled. The fervent hope of the security forces is that the activities of the LTTE will dwindle as well.
M. Prakash, (India Today, May 31. 1992).
"Respect Rights of Non-Combatants' - Asia Watch
The Washington based human rights group, Asia Watch, has called upon the government forces and the Tigers not to engage in indiscriminate military action thus endangering the lives of non-combatants.
In a statement issued on April 23 the human rights group has expressed concern over the possibility of an escalation of fighting in the north, particularly in the Jaffna peninsula itself where the government forces were preparing for a fresh offensive with troop reinforcements from the South.
Blaming both the Tigers and the government forces for gross abuses against civilians and indiscriminate military activity in highly residential areas the group has urged them to honour the rights of the noncombatants.
The group stated that massacres of civilians, illegal detention, torture, reprisals, bombardment of civilians, wide and indiscrininate use of mines, extra judicial killings, use of civiins as human shields, tak1 ng hostages, attacks
against medical facilities, places of worship, driving out civilians from their villages had become 'routine' in the north east conflict.
With a view to keep down the number of civilian casualties Asia Watch has told the opposing parties to refrain from the following action proscribed by the laws relating to armed con-, flict: دل:۔ O Deliberate killing of non-combatants.
O Indiscriminate attacks in civilian areas, including by bombardment or the use of contract land mines.
O Attacks causing disproportionate harm to civilians or civilian objects.
O Attacks in civilian areas in which all feasible steps are not taken to avoid collateral civilian casualties.
O Reprisals against noncombatants by acts of violence or destruction of property.
O Torture and other deliberate mistreatment of
any person.
O Subjecting noncombatants to adverse distinction in the duty to treat

TAM TIMES 7
them humanely because of their religion or ethnic background.
O Using non-combatants as human shields to protect a warring party from enemy fire or to detect mine fields.
O Taking or using noncombatants as hostages.
O Summarily executing or punishing persons suspected of participating in a
rebellion or aiding enemy forces.
O Imposing any punishment for a criminal offence without a trial before an independent and impartial tribunal affording fundamental due process right, and:
O Attacks on medical facilities and places of worship that are being used for humanitarian purposes.
Opposition Calls for President's Resignation
Opposition Leader, Mrs. Sirima Bandaranaike has challenged President Premadasa to resign and face her in a fresh presidential election following the political storm over Deputy Inspector General of Police P. Udugampola’s recent disclOSueS.
Mr. U duga m pola os allegations seriously reflected on President Premadasa and his government, and the President should resign and accept her challenge to face her at an election, she added.
Addressing a recent press conference, Mrs. Bandaranaike said that the public statements issued by Mr. Udugampola have opened
up several areas of controversy between him and his superiors. Although she did not have all the facts, enough had been said to point the finger of accusation against many persons who had occupied and are occupying positions of power and importance in the public life of the country.
Meanwhile, seven opposition political parties also have called upon the President and his government to resign in the wake of the DG's allegations and the report by the Commissioner of Elections on the 1989 presidential and parliamentary elections. They also called for an independent Commission of Inquiry to probe the allegations.
“India and Sri Lanka Planning Joint Aggression' - LTTE
The LTTE has accused that India in collaboration with the Sri Lankan Government has prepared a “threepoint plan of aggression against Tamil Eelam’.
According to an article in its Tamil weekly "Kalaththil’’, the three points of the plan are:
ár To create an alternative leadership among the Tamils to that of the LTTE;
fir To falsely implicate V.
Prabhakaran and other
important leaders of the LTTE in criminal offenses, and thereby seek to legitimise their aggression under the pretext of attempting to capture them; and
* To first drop Sri Lankan troops in areas where the LTTE leaders are presumed to operate from, and thereafter Indian special troops would follow in order to support the Sri Lankan soldiers. For this purpose, India has already anchored in the Bay of Bengal off the coast of Sri Lanka two Naval Vessels carrying special troops, who are proficient in Tamil.
The article adds that the two governments are already undertaking joint preparations according to the above plan, and that by making false criminal
Continued on page 8

Page 8
8 TAMIL TIMES
Continued from page 7
charges against the LTTE leaders, the Indian government was seeking to portray them as criminals before the international community.
It is in this attempt to
create an alternative le ership that the TULF lea ers were recently invit for talks in New Del where, for the purpose reorganising the party, t. Indian government ga them Rs.10 million, t article alleges.
Thondaman Revives idea of Going to Jaffna
Cabinet Minister and President of the Ceylon Workers Congress, S. Thondaman, has stated that he would visit Jaffna on a peace mission if the Parliamentary Select Committee proposals fail to bring about a politicall solution.
Mr. Thondaman, whose earlier plans to visit Jaffna to talk with LTTE leaders were aborted following a hysterical propaganda backlash from extremist chauvinist forces in the south of the island, said in the press interview, "Nobody can stop me now, since a Buddhist delegation has also visited Jaffna on a peace mission'.
The CWC leader promised that he would do every
thingpossible to finda sol tion through the Sele Committee. "As a membe of the Committee, I hav confidence in it. I am a optimist and I believe i negotiations'. However ifi failed, he would undertak his own initiative.
Mr. Thondaman stressed the need to evolve a consen sus of all parties, which was the essence of the democra. tic system. He welcomed any move by any party to bring about a settlement of the northeast problem. Referring particularly to the Buddhist and Catholic peace missions that visited Jaffna recently, he said that their visits had helped to bring about a deeper understanding of the ethnic problem.
"Police Acted Unconstitutionally
The Supreme Court recently held that in sealing and closing down the "Nawagama. Printers' (see Tamil Times, November 1991, p.6), where the Sinhala journal Yukthiya published by the Movement for InterRacial Justice and Equality was being printed, the police had acted unconstitutionally and in breach of the fundamental rights of its proprietor, Kelly Senanayake.
In a unanimous judgment by three judges, the Court ordered that the State should pay forthwith a sum of Rs. 25,000 as compensation.
In his petition to the court, Mr. Senanayake had said that at the time the police raided his press on 4 October 1991, a booklet titled “Casino Raja Joe Sim Saha Premadasa Nadaya” was in the process of being
printed, and that the booklet contained photographs of prominent politicians seen with Joe Sim who was deported from Sri Lanka some time earlier. Having sealed the premises and the press on the day of the raid, the police left two officers on guard outside. But some police officers entered the premises a few days later on 9 October 1991 and damaged the printing machine and other equipment resulting in damage assessed at Rs.750,000, the petition added.
In rejecting the police version of events put forward by the Attorney General's Department that the printing machine was already in a damaged and dismantled state when the police first raided the press on 4 October, one of the judges said, "We have out. grown the age of believing

in fairy tales but can recognise them for what they are. I am satisfied that the wanton damage has been caused to the printing press by the police who were in control of it between October 4, 1991 and December 12, 1991 and they have made a false entry to the
15 MAY 1992
effect that they found the printing machine was already dismantled'.
The court, pointing out certain procedural omissions, sitated that Mr. Senanayake could claim his Rs. 750,000 damages from elsewhere meaning the civil court.
"Entitled to Receive Communication in Tamil
A fundamental rights petition filed by an estate worker stated that under the Constitution of Sri Lanka, he was entitled to receive communications in the Tamil language, which was the only language he was able to read, write and understand, was settled before the Supreme Court when the Deputy Solicitor General informed the court that the letter sent in the English language would be withdrawn.
In this case, an estate worker Mariappan Wijeratnam of Lower Lawrence Division Venture State Plantation, Norwood, in his fundamental rights petition had stated that he was in occupation of a building erected on a piece of land of Venture State Plantation. On 14 November 1988, he was served with a docu
ment in the English language and informed by the Superintendent of the estate that he should vacate the said building by the end of 1988. He was not able to understand the contents of the document as it was in the English language.
Again on 7 November 1991 he was served with a document in the English language which he later learned was a notice to quit.
The petitioner contended that he was entitled under Article 22(2) of the Constitution to receive the communication in the Tamil language which was the only language he was able to read, write and understand. The serving of the said notice in English was a violation of language rights under the Constitution.
25,000 Tamils Claim Asylum in Europe
Reports submitted to the
European Consultation on
Refugees and Exiles in Madrid in early April say almost 25,000 Sri Lankan Tamils claimed asylum in European countries in 1991.
Switzerland has now become the prime destination with 7,349 arrivals last year, many from other European countries say immigration officials attracted by the thriving black economy in the tourist and hotel trade. More than 5,000 arrived in Germany and almost 4,000 in Britain.
Fewer than 5% of Sri Lankan applicants gain refugee status in European countries. Most are given temporary status or are refused outright but are
allowed to remain in the country while lengthy legal appeals continue. The honourable exception remains France where 68% of 3,398 Tamil asylum seekers were given refugee status in 1991.
But there is a new wave of right-wing racism in European countries. ECRE reports over 2,000 racist attacks in Germany last year, a ten-fold increase, many often directed at refugees. Tamil asylum seeker Sekharam Ratnakesan had his right leg sliced off by the Saarbrucken to Mainz express after rightwing thugs drugged him and dumped him unconscious on a railway line in southern Germany last October. To escape the

Page 9
15 ΜΑΥ 1992
north-east war, most Sri Lankans fall prey to the notorious Colombo "travel agencies' who specialise in spiriting asylum-seekers to Western destinations on forged papers for Rs.400,000 ($10,000). In mid-March, Colombo police announced a new crackdown on refugee racketeers who many observers say are heavily taxed by the
LTTE.
The expatriate refugee
population has become a valuable resource for LTTE fundraising worldwide. Colombo papers claimed this month that Tamil refugees in Germany and other European countries pay a
ALSC S SqA eAAS qq LLLLL SLSLqA SAALSAALAekSASqSSMkSqSqLL SLALMAAA SLSLSAAAqAAL SL qE
compulsory $60 a month tax to the north-east war effort. The Toronto Star broke a story a few weeks ago linking Tamil refugees forging Canadian passports to a heroin-smuggling ring.
At the other end of the scale are the victims, asylum-seekers duped by the Colombo refugee mafia, abandoned in Bangkok or Nairobi hotel rooms or on the Yugoslav border. The Norwegian daily Soendag After posten reported this month on almost 100 Sri Lankan Tamils stranded in Albania after a LTTE "package tour' went wrong.
(Sri Lanka Monitor).
ir Muslim Students Displaced
Mr. ʼ S.S.M. Abu Bukhar, MP, belonging to the Sri Lanka Muslim Congress, told parliament recently that over 10,000 Muslim students displaced from the Mannar area were still in refugee camps in Puttalam and Kurunegala. But some Muslim teachers had been asked to take up duties in Mannar.
The teachers had been drawing their salaries in Mannar for the last six months. They had no students to teach. Public funds were being wasted this way. Injustices were being
done to the Muslim students. The MP had asked why the teachers, numbering nearly one hundred, should go to Mannar when not a single school had been opened.
A recent newspaper announcement urged the Muslim teachers, principals and other school staff to return to their schools in Mannar before April 20. He asked why the government was destroying the education of over 10,000 Muslim students displaced from Mannar and now living in refugee camps.
Hindu College to be Reopened
President Ranasinghe Premadasa yesterday directed that Hindu College in Ratmalana, which was shut down in 1983 after the disturbances, should be renovated and reopened.
He gave this directive af. ter he visited the school and inspected the premises and buildings which are now occupied by a few army officers.
Hindu College Ratmalana which has a link with Bambalapitiya Hindu College had a student population of 2000 children upto Advanced Level classes. It had a beautiful playground and a well equipped laboratory which was damaged in the '83 disturbances.
The Secretary of the Hindu Educational Society, Dr.
K. Velayuthapillai, told the President that the school was founded in 1951. The foundation stones of the two blocks were laid by Sir John Kotela wela. The school occupied 50 acres. It was taken over by the government in 1964, during the schools takeover and till 1983 had been a leading Hindu college in the country.
After the school was closed the students and teachers were scattered among schools in Colombo and the suburbs. Though basically a Tamil medium school, it had a Sinhala stream too.
The President remarked that the school had solid buildings which could be restored.

ہو۔ ہ^*ـیعہ:۔-.-: .M
He directed that planned development of the school should begin forthwith in consultation with the Western Provincial Council. The reopening of the school would enable displaced students to be accommodated.
Dr. Velayuthapillai said
TAMIL TIMES 9
they were grateful for the President's decision, it would be a boon to Tamil students who were in great need of schooling. The Hindu Educational Society would be happy to help in the renovation and provide equipment with the resources at its command.
Amnesty Protests Against Police intimidation
Amnesty International is concerned about continuing reports of intimidation and threats against a number of witnesses currently appearing before the Anuradhapura magistrate's court, which is hearing evidence about the alleged rape and extrajudicial execution of a young woman, W. Chandrawathie, by police officers in September 1990.
The relatives of W. Chandrawathie of Eppawala, Anuradhapura district, have received several threats since the opening of the magisterial inquiry into her death. Her brother, W.C. Neal Rajapakse, was arrested on the first day of the inquiry at the end of February 1992 by officers of the Anuradhapura police and held at Anuradhapura police station for twelve days. He was un condition a lly rele a se d, apparently after several officials, including the Attorney General, intervened in his case. He claims he was beaten during his detention and questioned about the inquiry. He has since received threatening phone calls at his place of work. Apparently, the caller has repeatedly urged him "not to go to court or face the consequences'.
W. Chandrawathie's
father, W. Charles, one of
several people who identified a Sub-Inspector of police and a constable of the Eppawala police as being responsible for her rape, has also been repeatedly threatened. On 2 April 1992, a group of six men, believed to be members of the Anuradhapura police, came to his home at Eppa
wala and threatened him. They also asked for W.C Neal Rajapakse. In midMarch, the judge hearing the evidence about the alleged rape and killing, had instructed "the officersin-charge of Anuradhapura and Eppawala police stations to warn officers there not to intimidate or influence the witnesses in this case' (Daily News, Colombo of 17 March 1992). Complaints about the intimidation have also been made to the Inspector General of Police, but to date no investigation into its continuation has taken place.
W. Chandrawathie was reportedly forcibly taken from her home at Eppawala on the night of 26 September 1990 by a Sub-Inspector of police accompanied by other officers of the Eppawala police station. Her father and other relatives allege she was dragged into the nearby jungle and raped by the Sub-Inspector, who subsequently shot her. They also allege that her body was later burnt on tyres at a nearby quarry. When they tried to register a complaint, officials at the local police station refused to assist them, they then contacted the Deputy Inspector General of Police of the area, who initiated investigations, the results of which are presently being presented to the magistrate's court.
Amnesty International understands that the SubInspector and a constable suspected of the rape and killing of W. Chandrawathie surrendered to the court in early 1992 and are presently held at Anuradhapura prison.

Page 10
10 TAMIL TIMES
Vanishing Hopes fo in Sri Lanka
by Raimund Morgenstern, Germa After two years of a dramatic setback in the number of visitors, for Western countries Sri Lanka again has become the paradise newspapers in these countries have ceased to publish frightenin atrocities and the sufferings that are the result of the ongoing civil statements by western politicians have given the impression of in human rights situation). It seems that after a long time normalcy ht But this is a deceitful picture which has not just led to an end of a refugees, moreover it is in deep contrast to the real situation prev: than 20 months after the latest breakout of fighting in the North a perspectives for a peaceful solution can be seen. The country is in before since independence while the different aspects of the con and more complicated. None of the parties that are involved in the think about a non-military solution - negotiations are out of sight. North, guerrilla war and countless refugee camps in the East, a ne South - these are catchwords which may be used to describe the Lanka. The following report is based on a visit to the country durit
It is quite difficult to find an appropriate headline for an article on the current Sri Lankan situation. There is not a single promising aspect within the latest political developments. Especially after the failure of the proposals and the peace initiative of the Minister for Tourism and leader of the Ceylon Workers Congress, S. Thondaman, (after a tremendous outcry from nationalist Buddhist hardliners), there appears to be no signs for the beginning of a peace process. In the aftermath of the suffered defeat in the fight around Elephant Pass, the "Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam' (LTTE) have indicated their willingness for negotiations. But from the history of this conflict, it seems to be likely that there is not a real interest in an end of military operations but only a need for time to gain new strength and the preparation for a new wave of bloody war. On the other side, the reaction of Sri Lankan politicians in Colombo about what is happening in the country is, by and large characterized by ignorance and silence. The public opinion, represented by newspapers and the government-controlled broadcasting services do not at all reflect the real problems of Sri Lanka or show any awareness regarding the ethnic conflict.
Living in the North
Living conditions for people in the North of Sri Lanka can only be described as a total breakdown of any normal civil life. Out of the latest political developments and perspectives (see below), the mood of most of the inhabitants of the Jaffna peninsula and certain areas south of the Elephant Pass is one of total desperation. For a visitor from outside it is hard to believe how people are able to
survive under th People don't ta fate, but most of they are more current living caught between don't expect an from the army ( few people belie protect Tamil c army attack, it i militants will us shields to protec
Whatever hap ture, people are the fact of havi Apart from the p have had to sus bombing raids b force, many inh psychic problem: dents. More an experienced tort ence the numbe creased sharp months. In Janu 60 cases have be Almost all of th social structures been destroyed. who have sent t will not have a again in their li can hardly live a the context of van has changed thi tions.
Just to menti aspects of social rising number of earn the livelihoc their children, be either have been have disappeared oners in one of There is no adeq WOB.

15 MAY 1992
r Peace
пу
sland" and most of the g news items on all the war. In addition, several provements (e.g. in the is returned to Sri Lanka. ny sympathies for Tamil tiling in the island. More well as in the East, no a worse state than ever flict are becoming more amed struggle is able to Desperate people in the 'w rise of the JVP in the Current situation in Sri ng March 1992.
le prevailing situation. lk much about their them emphasize that than fed up with the conditions. They feel both sides and they ything positive either or from LTTE. Only a ve that the Tigers will ivilians in case of an is more likely that the se civilians as human t themselves.
opens in the near fuquite conscious about ng no way to escape. hysical injuries people stain in the course of y the Sri Lankan air habitants suffer from is caused by these incid more persons have ure. As one consequr of suicides has inly within the last lary 1992 more than en reported officially. he former traditional
within families have Many of the parents, heir children abroad,
chance to see them fetime. Young adults normal social life in ious threats. The war e people for genera
on one of the many changes: There is a women, who have to d for themselves and cause their husbands killed in the violence, L, or are kept as prishe detention camps. late support for these
Travelling between Colombo and Jaffna
Whoever is travelling between Jaffna and the Sri Lankan capital has to face conditions which might have prevailed during the last century in other countries. This is mainly caused by the fact that it takes normally about 30 hours to cover a distance of less than 250 miles. Colombo can be reached from any other place in the world much faster than from Jaffna. But travelling is also unique with respect to the available transport facilities: Travellers have to cope with trains, minibuses, tractors, bullock-carts, nutshell-size fishing boats and bicycles. In addition people have to walk dozens of miles on roads and sandy areas as well as to wade through deep mud (up to the hips). Day after day thousands of people are travelling in this manner.
Starting from Colombo, the first half of the distance is left behind after five hours of train journey. But difficulties start from the arrival at the Vavuniya railway station. After a short transfer by CTB buses, people have to queue in front of a large army checkpoint at Thandikkulam. Without any exception all persons have to undergo a detailed examination of their luggage. The checking is carried out by army personnel, who don't show any consideration for the travellers. After waiting for hours, bags are turned upside down; breakable things won't reach their destination. For most of the travelling Tamils this procedure is rather humiliating without doubt. Finally another bus service provides transport up to the unofficial frontline. A large board kindly warns: "Beyond this point you're at your own risk', before people are heading into the so-called 'no-man's land". For a distance of approximately 1.5 miles travellers walk between both fronts, passing within firing range of soldiers behind sandbag barriers, who are expecting an attack from, the opposite side any moment. After passing the
checkpoints of the LTTE successfully .
there is a possibility of minibus travel up to Paranathan (north of Kilinochchi). Buses are running with a mixture of kerosene and vegetable oil; passengers currently have to pay about 700 Rupees for a ticket. All travel fares for the different vehicles between Omanthai and Jaffna cost up to 1200 - 1500 Rupees (200 Rupees from Colombo in former times). The roads in the North are in a deplorable condition. Especially between Mankulam and Murikandi, walking seems to be faster than bumping through deep holes by bus.
Officially there is no access to the Jaffna peninsula at the moment.

Page 11
15 MAY 1992
Nevertheless people are using small fishing boats, crossing the Jaffna Lagoon east of Elephant Pass. Sri Lankan officials deny the existence of the boat-link, but they tolerate the movement of people on this last connection between the peninsula and the mainland. Boats usually are overloaded and it takes more than two hours to reach the opposite side of the lagoon. For the next months another hardship for the people is already in sight: Due to the climate the level of water becomes low. Probably from the end of April boat services will be unable to continue their operation. It is not hard to imagine what it will mean to cross the lagoon by foot. Already now a lot of people are hardly able to cover the five miles of walk from the main road to the lagoon beach. After reaching the peninsula, again minibuses are available to take passengers up to Jaffna town (35 miles away).
All regulations imposed by the LTTE on leaving the north for a limited period of time or permanently are still in effect: People have to pay at least 10,000 to 15,000 Rupees to get a travel permit. Persons from 12 years up to 25 years of age (male and female) are not allowed to leave Jaffna or the North at all - they are required as potential LTTE cadres. Data of travelling persons and their permits is carefully kept and managed under use of a computer system of the Jaffna University. There are properly printed lists at the southern LTTE checkpoint of Omanthai, where travellers have to confirm their permission to leave “Tamil Eelam”. Travellers to the South have to apply for a stamp by Sri Lankan army at Thandikkulam. These stamps act as an official acceptance of passing the checkpoint on the indicated day - an essential help for the security forces during roundups of Tamils in the capital.
In addition to the general hardships, it has become general practice for the army as well as the LTTE to open the checkpoints not longer than two hours per day. People have to approach these places in time, otherwise they get stuck and have to wait for nearly one day without any facilities. However, and again, checkpoints are closed for several days without any announcements.
During the last two months lorry convoys were allowed to cross the fronts without undue delay. Both sides seem to have accepted the need for a regular supply for the civil population. To avoid bomb attacks, the army insists on a 24 hours rest for all lorries coming from the North.
General political situation
Within the last few months the Sri
Lankan army h least from the s important grou line close to ahead only a fe' is no access forg all areas north islands around Delft, Punkudut Mandaitivu) ha the army again peninsula the a especially aroun expanded. Fron obviously the st army is quite su upon Jaffina tov were countless r news items in overall attack sin the early days of were expecting t military operatic Fears were risin the conference Monetary Fund in Paris.
A lot of people. forces, are spea offensive. The fa attack on Jaffna tens of thousan (more than fifty sula population i close to the tow desired final stro can hardly be a offensive. One or experiences in th As in the easter knowledge of pl. still superior to diers. LTTE ha once their abilit situation of siege Though unoffi government still blockade of the The list of prohi not allowed to be northern areas h last year - still in
drugs). Since thi ties in June 90 supply is cut, there is no officia tween Jaffna an peninsula is clos state of total isol the country.
Since LTTE is North, they are strictly controlle covering the wh sence of a pendin are also preparir expected fight underground bu) up, existing sen

is gained little, but (at rategic point of view) d. Whereas the front'avuniya has moved v miles and still there overnment forces onto to that line, all of the Jaffna peninsula (i.e. ivu, Karaitivu, Kayts, ve been occupied by
And even inside the my controlled area - d Palali air base - has this point of view, rategic position of the itable for an offensive in. And indeed there umours, supported by he papers, about an nce December 1991. In February 1992 people he beginning of large ons almost every day. g of an offensive after of the International and the World Bank
especially among the king in favour of an act is that a military town would lead to ds of civilian victims percent of the penins staying in Jaffna or n). Despite that, the ke against the LTTE chieved by a general hly has to refer to the he East of Sri Lanka. njungles, the LTTE's aces in the North is the Sri Lankan sols proved more than y to escape from a
cial, the Sri Lankan applies an economic North of the island. bited items that are taken to the affected as not changed since cluding several goods ing human life (i.e. outbreak of hostilithe electrical power now (as mentioned) all communication bethe mainland - the e to or already in a ation from the rest of
the only power in the about to establish a i civil administration ble area. In the pregarmy offensive they g themselves for the
Everywhere new kers are being built try points are being
TAM TIMES 11
reactivated or extended. The old Dutch Fort at Jaffna is one of the places of
The ruins of the Jaffna Library already look like a fortress with sandbag barriers and observation posts. All activities of preparation for war are accompanied by an intensive propaganda campaign. Similar to the strategy the LTTE applied during the fighting around Elephant Pass, this time also the civilians are being called upon to make their contribution for leading the militants to victory. Recruitment continues at a fast pace for the "final battle'. Still there are some volunteers who decide to join the "movement', but more and more of the recruitment (mainly boys and girls up from 11 years of age) take place by putting pressure upon parents.
While the situation becomes more and more critical, the LTTE's attitude towards the Tamil civilians can be characterized by a behaviour of increasing ruthlessness and brutality. Any kind of contradiction or mere doubt against the official LTTE doctrine is suppressed without exception. In many areas detention camps have been built up (i.e. Jaffna Fort). Most of these places are not just used to keep people in custody. There are reliable reports of torture and executions in these camps.
Compared to the situation in 19891990, serious military incidents have become rare during the last months. Therefore the picture of destruction which appears to visitors in all major places inside the peninsula (Jaffna, Valvedditurai, Point Pedro) has not changed much - almost everything has already been destroyed during the last two years of indiscriminate bombing. Mainly during night time there is single but regular gunfire from the surrounding islands onto selected targets. Similar operations are carried out during daylight by helicopters and other aircraft. It was in one of these operations that three civilians were hit by grenade fragments and killed on the spot in a fish market at Point Pedro in February. All these incidents take place without warning which presents a continuous risk to all persons living in all parts of the peninsula. Sri Lankan government and army have become used to impose curfews upon the whole northern area of the country whenever they expect LTTE activities. These curfews last for days without any opportunity for the civilians to supply themselves with food stuff or other items for daily life.
In contrast to the Jaffna situation which is characterized by a tensed but comparatively quiet atmosphere, Continued on page 13

Page 12
12 TAMIL TIMES."
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15 MAY 1992
šíš äGŠiškiai
Continued from page 11
there is continuous fighting within the Vavuniya and Mullaitivu districts. These shootouts cause high numbers of casualties on both sides. Quite often these confrontations take place in the area which is crossed by thousands of civilians on their way from or to Jaffna and cause a high death toll among them.
LTTE in Jaffna
The LTTE has developed several methods to create a consciousness of their doctrine in the minds of the people of Jaffna. First of all there is a large number of boards presenting slogans and praising martyrs of the "Tamil Struggle". Recent political events are commented by cartoon boards. Even the youngest and smallest ones should be reached by the propaganda machinery of the Tigers: They have opened several playgrounds for children (i.e. Jaffna, Point Pedro) to attract the sympathies of the children. All of them are well equipped with the symbols of the liberation movement and memorials for killed cadres; the Point Pedro playground invites children to capture a small replica of the Jaffna Fort.
Daily life in Jaffna is accompanied by transmissions through several loudspeakers. The contents of these transmissions is simple but effective: Famous talks of LTTE leaders, situation reports, war songs and music for all age groups of the population (Black Tiger Miller, we'll follow you ...’, "Tiger Uncle, may I join you?"). A radio transmitter has been installed. The radio program is produced in quite a professional way - no chance for the “Eelam Peoples Democratic Party” (EPDP) to compete, even if they are using the army equipment at Palali. Listening to the radio often comes along with a bicycle ride out, for people find it difficult to operate their radios in their homes for lack of batteries.
To catch the interest and the voices of even the poorest people, the Tigers have installed "Community Centres' in small villages. Villagers get the opportunity to gather inside the centre building not just to discuss their own problems but also to receive a portion of LTTE propaganda. All heads of the centres are sympathetic with the politics of the militants. Usually they appear as speakers announcing their own opinion as the opinion of the villagers.
Jaffna University is functioning normally - whatever this adjective means under the current circumstances. Approximately 3000 students follow a diminishing number of lectures. Many teachers or lecturers have left the
institution. Offi versity try to gi there is no invo affairs. In fact, LTTE controlled sions do not tak the campus. Th group 'Universit. Rights' seems to and is strongly d The Tigers h “Tamil Eelam Po Volunteers get th of training as fut ordered to join c fight. Now they a the traffic of Jaff their own statem implement a cou should be based o dards of law'.
In many part. rising confrontati and Tamils has le ences. Also Jaffn unaffected by t February the last remaining Mus chased out of the cadres. Usually t. pied by the Tig given to the fal cadres. None of allowed to take a ings while leaving the former Muslim have been looted a
Supply of the ci
A slight improv situation has happ twelve months: I third of the requi reached Jaffna du out 50% of the an the North. Thoug is still one of th harvest is not as People have learn tional methods of was much more r
SeaSO.
There has been duction in prices but people in Jaff double the amount to Colombo. Witho the Western co money regularly, be able to survive The last year has of starvation.
Petrol is still item. Meanwhile, supply lines to Ind price for a 0.7 litri reached the incre Rupees. In contras less than 40 Rupe Rs. in 1991). A

al voices of the uni2 the impression that vement into political he university life is Open political discusplace any more on former work of the Teachers for Human have been forgotten nied. ave introduced the ice' as a civil power. e same three months Lre cadres and can be adres in course of a re busy in regulating a town. According to nts LTTE is about to rts structure which "international stan
of Sri Lanka the on between Muslims d to serious consequa has not been left hese problems. In of more than sixty lim families were ir houses by LTTE he houses are occuers immediately or milies of deserving the Muslims was ny personal belongthe houses. Lots of shops inside Jaffna und destroyed.
villians 2ment in the supply ened within the last nstead of the onered food stuff that ring 1991, now abhount is arriving in h artificial fertilizer e prohibited items bad as last year. ed to use the tradifarming and there ain during the last
a considerable refor different goods, na still have to pay of money compared ut relatives in one of untries who send only few people will
for a longer time. een several victims
another prohibited after most of the a have been cut, the bottle of petrol has ible height of 3000 kerosene is sold for s a litre (200 - 300 art from the bus
TAM TIMES 13
service between Jaffna town and Lagoon there is no public transport available in the North. Few minibuses offer transportation charging fares which people cannot afford to pay. Therefore even long distances are covered by bicycle. Motorcycles are driven with kerosene, cars cannot be seen on Jaffna roads.
During the last months a lot of persons and families have lost their livelihood. Many fishing families are affected because there is no chance to earn a living since the army has occupied the surrounding islands. Any attempt to cross the Lagoon by boat is answered by immediate shelling and grenade attacks from the islands. The withdrawal of support from India following the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi has had a serious impact on the situation in Jaffna.
NGOs in the North
Today fourteen non-GovernmentOrganisations (NGOs) are providing help and support for the civil population in Jaffna. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is playing an important role in the organisation of food supply. As Elephant Pass, as well as the Jetty between Pooneryn and Arukuveli are nut available any more for transport, the whole amount of supply items is brought by ships from Colombo to the ports of Kankesanturai and Point Pedro. Only the area south of Elephant Pass (Vanni District) is still supplied by convoys of lorries.
ICRC takes also responsibility for the largest working hospital - the General Hospital of Jaffna. According to statements of the head of the Jaffna-delegation of ICRC, working conditions in the hospital are tolerable with respect to the prevailing situation. Drugs and other materials are sent from the capital every three months. But it is highly questionable how one large hospital is able to ensure medical services for a million people in the peninsula. Small hospitals are still existing but most of them cannot provide any stationary treatment for patients.
Since 1991, the Jaffna hospital is surrounded by a "Safety Zone' which includes certain roads in close proximity to the buildings. An accord between ICRC, Sri Lankan army, and LTTE ensures that the hospital is not affected by the fighting. No uniforms or weapons are allowed inside the safety area. Nevertheless a bomb blast caused a lot of damage inside the hospital during the second week of February. Fortunately nobody was injured. The origin of the explosive
Continued on page 14

Page 14
14 TAM TIMES
Continued from page 13
material was not clear but probably the bomb attack was planned to provoke unrest among the people.
It is quite surprising to see the work of the "Tamil Rehabilitation Organisation' (TRO) among the NGOs which are active in Jaffna. Though TRO is a branch of the LTTE it is accepted y all other organisations. The main issue of TRO in Jaffna is to handle the refugee problem. Within Sri Lanka the number of refugees is still rising, unofficial sources recently gave an estimated number of 1.6 million refugees. After the army occupation of the islands more than 10,000 families have fled these places and come into the peninsula to seek shelter in refugee camps.
Batticaloa and the East
It is difficult to compare the situations in the North and the East of Sri Lanka. Both setups are totally different and nobody can say whether either the conditions for people in the East are more pleasant than in Jaffna or the Eastern area is the region most affected by the ethnic conflict. In contrast to the Jaffna situation there are three groups which are fighting each other for power: Sri Lankan army and security forces (supported by the “Tamil Eelam Liberation Organisation” (TELO), LTTE, and Muslim home guards. Cross-fires may happen at any time, mostly with a considerable number of civilian casualties. But the main problems are unexpected attacks by Muslim home guards upon Tamil civilians as well as LTTE attacks upon Muslim villages. Though the home guards are poorly trained they get army weapons - and also use them with high motivation. The continuous fighting and massacres have led to an extreme polarisation between the different ethnic groups.
Examples of such incidents during the first months of 1992 can be given easily: In January two cycle bombs exploded in the town of Kattankudi (close to Batticaloa, place of the LTTE massacres in 1990), four Tamil fishermen were hacked to death by unknown persons in Tannamunai (official newspapers mentioned the death of four Muslims killed by LTTE), another bomb blast caused damage inside a Muslim school at Pottuvil. . . . reasons and responsibilities often are not quite clear. In the case of the school bomb there were voices accusing LTTE as well as the Muslims trying to delay the repatriation of Tamils in Muslim villages.
Since 1991 a peaceful life between Tamils and Muslims is difficult to
imagine. Nobody to bring an end t
Power struggle
Who is ruling sence of the pow few weeks after Batticaloa the arı control of the tow days Batticaloa media as a "flou has come back to people are living lly Batticaloa look fully shielded fron security forces. vehicles are able 1 town area witho checking. Even in hardly possible to yards without pa Armed soldiers ar found everywhere inhabitants is real only limited to t After 7pm nobody house.
The main road strip is covered l camps and checkpc kudah and Kallar TELO share their control whereas th Arugam Bay (Pan by the “Special Tas The sandwich st and towns in the Ea Muslim or Tamilm total isolation (esp. lim places) in the Heavy road block places from each ot lot of time to pass t enter a Muslim v Eravur, Pottuvil or had a mixed popula ity of Muslims hav pure Muslim locat Jaffna here all the and shops are loo rubble.
Three days of th Wednesday, Frida clared to be "Escort to travel along the these special days can be seen on ther yards and several ings are used as h; points. Without ex points are closed be
Leaving the coas jungle areas gives a picture. Armed w LTTE boys are cy even two miles av army checkpoint or of the remote are government contra

mir
15 MAY 1992
3 prepared for talks this cruel conflict.
he East in the prer struggle? Only a TTE had occupied y was able to regain | area again. Nowapresented in the shing place which ormalcy and where ithout fear. Actuallike a fortress carethe outside area by either persons nor ) enter or leave the It registration and the town area it is valk more than 200 sing a checkpoint. d policemen can be
If the life of the
y without fear, it is
he daylight hours. dares to leave the
along the coastal by countless army ints. Between Kal, army, police and
'duty' of keeping e section Kallar — ama) is supervised k Force' (STF).
ructure of villages st with alternating ajority has led to a ecially of the Muscontext of tension. s separate these her and it takes a he checkpoints and llage. Places like Kattankudi which
e now changed to ons. Contrary to Tamil properties ed or reduced to
e week (Monday, ) have been dedays for Muslims main road. During armed personnel ad every hundred abandoned buildleouts and sentry eption all checkween 5 and 6pm.
and visiting the entirely different th AK-47 rifles, ling around. Not ly from the final meets the rulers s. Obviously the of the East is
limited to the places along the main road. During the night LTTE cadres enter the small villages to demand money and food from the people.
The government has announced its intention to finish the ongoing struggle and regain power even in the remote areas within the next seven or eight months. But it is hard to believe how the security forces will be able to put an end to the guerrilla tactics applied by the LTTE. It is more likely that this war will go on and on.
Daily life in the East
Besides all the abnormalities that have been mentioned above, the supply situation in the East is normal. With few exceptions all required items reach the affected areas in sufficient amounts. One of the exceptions are batteries, but everybody knows shops where it is possible to buy them. Prices are slightly higher than in Colombo. Despite the intervention of organisations (like ICRC or the French doctors MSF), it is difficult to provide adequate medical help and support to the population. There is not only a lack of drugs but also a rather small number of doctors and nurses.
Unlike in the North travelling to and from the Sri Lankan capital is not restricted. Nevertheless even here the travelling persons have to undergo several hardships and humiliations. Trains from Colombo (now ending in Valaichchenai) are stopped at Galoya Junction for hours and accompanied by the army for the rest of the journey. Ruthless checking of the luggage is taking place several times. The passengers have to tolerate insults from soldiers who seem to be quite nervous about the situation. It might happen several times that all passengers have to leave the train for an intensive examination of the luggage on the platform. Sometimes passengers are checked twice or thrice within half an hour. Finally the numbers of persons from all ethnic groups are counted and registered in special forms.
Trains are running up to Batticaloa twice a week under army control. LTTE appears to be quite irritated and provoked by these activities of the security forces.
In front of the Valaichchenai railway station one can watch scenes of struggling for seats within the few minibuses or taxis heading for Batticaloa. It takes more than another two hours to cover the distance of 15 miles. While passing thirteen checkpoints all passengers have to leave the vehicles four times to undergo a checking of identity cards and bags. Thirty minutes of waiting time are not quite unusual at Kiran or Eravur.

Page 15
15 MAY 1992
Human Rights
Compared to Jaffna there seem to be far less atrocities and hardships to the civilian population. But many incidents are happening during darkness or otherwise hidden from the public
appearances'. More than 3800 persons have disappeared in Batticaloa and its vicinity since June 1990. In most of the cases the persons have been arrested by army or police before they disappeared. Even today roundups and search operations are part of the daily activities of the government forces.
The Batticaloa Peace Committee (a group that is trying to create public awareness of human rights violations in the East) has recorded cases of torture during arrest. They see only little chance for a change in the behaviour of the security personnel. Despite all the efforts of the peace group and other organisations these incidents continue to happen. Responsible army officers admit that there is a certain lack of discipline among the soldiers, but they seem to tolerate what is happening.
The ICRC is trying to provide adequate aid for prisoners within camps of the army. Hopefully this can reduce the number of human rights violations. ICRC also tries to deal with tracing the whereabouts of disappeared persons at the request of relatives, with little success. All activities of NGOs have to happen within a small gap that is left between all parties of the conflict.
Refugees
In the East the situation of refugees is much more dramatic than in many other parts of the country. Mainly Tamil persons are living in hundreds of camps along the eastern coast. There are several villages which have nearly doubled the number of inhabitants by the inflow of refugees.
While spending thousands of Rupees for "dry rations' to supply the refugees, the Sri Lankan government is strongly interested to close camps and resettle people at their native places. Up to now only a few people are prepared to return to the places where they had fled from. Nobody is able to guarantee that there won't be renewed atrocities and confrontations. Many refugees are not at all interested to return because their personal properties have been destroyed - the tensions between Muslims and Tamils still are quite strong.
The South of Sri Lanka
The majority of incidents happening
in the North and East are not reg
listered or even noticed in the Sri
Lankan capital lack of informati conflict shows its ombo.
Still it is quite the North and Eas They are in a p being taken into of lodges and hote have to give a rep to the local police the reasons for an stay. Search ope complete blocks c popular in police deavour to find These roundups an fied by accompan ports on the prese in Colombo and til governmental inst persons. The police Wellawatte and K tain areas are sea Countless arrests "Criminal Investig (CID) often lead tc of suspected persol tives or friends ar prisoner by payin money - one of se tain policemen to COIIB.
There is a lot of people in Colombo achieve the detenti person by blaming pathetic to the L Peoples Democrati an important role i outs of Tamil mili Cooperation with taking place in n being in charge ( camps in the town regularly helps pol suspected "pro-LTT
Activities of JVP
Throughout 199 the South can be de ly calm. After the that was answerec of the government phere of peace anc turned to the are cover of peace, acti ment against suspe are still going on. single persons or appearing.
During the last were certain indica of the JVP. Assu demanded an endo the government ar JVP as a political for this latest deve find: Many of the led to the growth c

TAM TIMES 15
ut of ignorance or n. Nevertheless the effects also in Col
sky for Tamils from t to stay in Colombo. rmanent danger of ustody. Proprietors s as well as relatives ort about the person station mentioning the duration of the rations (sealing off f houses) are quite circles in an enunwelcome persons. e sought to be justiving newspaper rence of LTTE cadres eir plans to attack itutions and official operations focus on Otahena where cer"ched twice a week. by the police or the ation Department' the disappearance ns. Sometimes relae allowed to free a g a large sum of veral ways for cerincrease their in
distrust among the . It is sufficient to on of an undesired him of being symTTE. The “Eelam : Party is playing n seeking for hidetants in Colombo. police and CID is any cases. While f several refugee area, the EPDP ce in the arrest of E Tamils”.
the situation in scribed as generalterror of the JVP by counter-terror an unusual atmosnormalcy has rea. But under the ities of the governcted JVP members Again and again families are dis
few months there tions of a new rise med JVP leaders the persecution by d a readmission of party. The reasons opment are easy to roblems that have JVP in the South
are still existing, some of them are even more serious than they have been five or ten years back.
Perspectives
Only little can be said about a possible development towards peace in Sri Lanka. From the political side no peace initiative can be expected at the moment. While bombs are dropped in the North and mass detention is taking place in the East, Sri Lankan politicians appear on television presiding over public functions or religious ceremonies accompanied by full pomp and pageantry. With a friendly smile on their face, they try to make the world believe that Sri Lanka has solved its problems. A few weeks ago a government spokesman commented: "It is high time that Sri Lanka gets rid of all kind of intervention and influence from abroad and show that we are a shining example and a teacher for other countries'.
The problem of a lack of political initiatives is not just a problem of the ruling "United National Party'. Even the opposition "Sri Lanka Freedom Party' does not offer any concepts for a peaceful future. On March, 16th, they had started a 200 miles “Pada Yatra” from Colombo to Kataragama. Participants of the protest rally were carrying banners asking for better living conditions or an end of the human rights violations. But out of the experiences from history it seems to be unlikely that, even if SLFP takes over power, changes will happen.
Is it imaginable to come to a peaceful solution in the presence of the current conflict? It is difficult to answer this question in the affirmative. Anyway it must be acknowledged that there are still attempts to start peace initiatives in the country. A few months ago Soma Perera, a former president of the Methodist Church in Sri Lanka, went to Jaffna. This journey was much highlighted in the papers because nobody would expect a Sinhalese person to travel to the North and contact the LTTE leaders. His approach was followed by a group of catholic priests and a delegation of the "Quakers Peace Group'.
It is still quite unsatisfactory how western countries react to all the happenings in Sri Lanka. Most of them have lost even the last glimpse of interest in the civil war. Moreover they try to play down the problems because of too many political refugees in their own countries. The result of the conference of IMF and World Bank is another striking example. Much noise was made in many quarters that
Continued on page 30

Page 16
16 TAM TIMES
EDITORIAL COMMENT October
The LTTE have responded to the ban imposed on them by India with a defiant call to the people of Tamil Nadu that it was their duty to break out of shackles that have been imposed by India upon Tamil national consciousness in the form of a ban on the Tamil Tigers.
Their Statement, issued in Tamil, says: -
We are surprised at this action by India which has been taken in pursuance of short-term narrow national interests and quick political gains. We regard this action as a continuation of the treachery the Indian government has been committing against the genuine struggle of the Tamil people. It is regrettable that India has, by this act, alienated the Tamil nation which has so far remained a friendly force in the South Asian region.
Lacking in foresight, diplomacy and tact, this precipitate action may adversely affect India's global interests in the future.
India has falsely accused us of giving military training in Jaffna to some youth from Tamil Nadu and inciting secessionism in Tamil Nadu. There is absolutely no truth in these allegations. It was the Indian government which provided military training to hundreds of Tamil youth, supplied them with weapons and incited violence against the Sri Lankan state,
S LLeLMLTCASqSAMMLLqAAAAAAAALSLSLALALTTLGLLS0LLSLLSLSAAA
LTTE’S Defiant Respons
and used the Ta an effort to ser Then, India did vities as illegal. The Indian g in the Tamil na in the affairs ol sent an occupyil homeland unde keeping force. It ment which att Tamil Tigers a freedom strug aggression, it ki of Tamils. There government, an Indira Congres intervened in t our country wł Sequences.
Thus, havin errors against Indian governn the Tigers of affairs. It state threat to the na There is absolu accusation. The er as a hostile f have any inte national integri
India is not fr but is frightene Tamil nationali The Indian gov gers and their l
 
 
 

15 MAY 1992
Se tO Ban
lmil youth as pawns in ve its global interests. not regard these acti
overnment intervened tional question, that is f a foreign country. It ng force into the Tamil r the guise of a peace t is the Indian governempted to destroy the nd the Tamil national gle. In this war of lled tens of thousands fore, it was the Indian d the leadership of the s in particular, that he internal affairs of nich had serious con
g committed historic the Tamil people, the ment is now accusing intervening in Indian is that the LTTE is a tional security of India. utely no truth in this LTTE has acted neithorce to India, nor did it ntion to destroy the ty and unity of India.
ightened of the Tigers, d of the resurgence of sm and consciousness. ernment views the Tieader Prabhakaran as
revolutionary symbols of the Tamil patriotic struggle. It is because of this that India has sought to ban the LTTE and impugn Prabhakaran.
The ruling class in India thinks that it can block the rising tide of Tamil national consciousness in Tamil Nadu by banning the Tamil nationalist movement of Liberation Tigers functioning in a neighbouring country. Therefore, the ban on the Tigers should be regarded as a straightjacket imposed upon Tamil nationalism and Tamil national consciousness of the people of Tamil Nadu.
(A translation from Tamil)
Jayalalitha hails decision
The Tamil Nadu Chief Minister, Ms. Jayalalitha, has expressed her gratitude to the Prime Minister, Mr. P.V. Narasimha Rao, and the Union Home Minister, Mr. S.B. Chavan, for banning the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. The decision, she said, would be in the best interest of preserving the country's unity.
Mr. K. Ramamurthi, MP and TNCC(I) President, conveyed his gratitude to the Prime Minister and the Home Minister for having taken a right step to protect the sovereignty and unity of the country. In a statement, he appealed to the Prime Minister to ban also movements and political parties extending direct or indirect support to the LTTE.

Page 17
25 MAY 1992
TEN YEARS OF TAMIL
TOWards a Conse With Courage and CO
... we are determined to ensure that news, views an we publish are of general interest to all Sri Lankans Tamils, Muslims and Burghers. While we will not he on political questions we are resolved to remain political party. (Tamil Times, Vol. 1, No. 1, October 1
The task the Tamil Times set for itself at the outset was and indeed continues to be, a challenging one. Reporting, primarily, about the struggle for selfdetermination in northeast Sri Lanka to a predominantly Tamil readership, invariably pits crusading zeal and nationalist fervour against aspirations of impartiality and objectivity. To be a part of and yet apart from in as equal measure, so that passion and reason are both employed as legitimate in
struments and influences, is the en
during dilemma. Success, I submit, is
not therefore to be measured by the
self-righteous proclamation of the
monopoly of the truth or populist
polemics disguised as such, but by the
honest acknowledgement that the
truth in this business is rarely simple,
seldom pure and though often elusive,
a compelling and compulsive quest. As
such, there are signposts in the storm
and the editors choice of the Manches
ter Guardian’s C.P. Scott’s “facts are
sacred: comment is free' from the first
issue, to Voltaire's famous motto
espoused by all liberals in subsequent
ones since October 1990, is indicative
of the contours of self-definition and
likewise, the criteria for a critique.
w
Continuity of Purpose
Past editorials reveal that the journal's profile is defined by its broad perspective and general commitment to liberal principles on the key issues in contention - the process and objective of the Tamil liberation struggle in Sri Lanka. This means/end distinction is an important one in so far as it illustrates the dilemmas encountered by all the actors in the liberation struggle. How it is to be done is as important as what is to be done, as the former invariably affects the latter beyond the realization of the political goal. Consequently, editorial comment on real or alleged political violence by militant groups is especially illustrative of the recognition accorded to this crucial tension and indicative of continuity of purpose and more importantly, courage of conviction.
In the March volume, the Tan the assassinatio. Alalasunderam political violenc the legitimacy of editorial seriousl tical efficacy ol implicity, the mo It doubted the "p assassins and "when, how, ag what purpose pol would have cruci liberation strugg
A Re Dr. Paikiasoth University of
United
1985 editorial wi gated such assas short of naked
months later, rei against "the des] minority of unru ments masquera of liberation...' I line in the May 1 TELO battle was as “fratricide in p faction power' an simply as "MURD
Advocating Plu Editorials hav cised internecine the "democratic whether militant (November 1988 journalistic tradi pluralism as bo morally advantag sistently argued t ‘civilised democra replace gun cu achieve Tamil un Perhaps the cl the general belie diversity and del cluding paragra) 1989 editorial

TAMIL MES 17
SUS nViction
information that e they Sinhalese, itate to connenf naffiliated to any 991).
983 issue of its second il Times responded to of Kopay TULF MP with an editorial on ... Whilst recognising armed resistance, the y questioned the poliassassinations and rality of such actions. olitical sanity' of the clearly stated that inst whom and for itical violence is used al consequences in a le'. The September
view by y Saravanamuttu, f Southampton, Kingdom. لس--سسسسسس
:ent further. It castisinations as "nothing terrorism' and two terated this position licable conduct of a ly and criminal elleing under the cloak an expansion of this 86 issue, the LTTE
fiercely condemned ursuit of personal or
in conclusion, quite ER” (sic).
'alism
persistently critiwarfare and upheld ghts of all groups, or non-militant...' Exemplifying the on that advocates h politically and ous, they have conat between groups, c discussion” had to ure” in order to y. arest statement of in unity through pcracy, is the conof the January h the impending
February 1989 general election, titled "Let the People Decide'. It is worth quoting in full as representative of the intellectual antecedents and political convictions that distinguish the journal as a forum for debate:
No individual, party or group has the right to arrogate to itself the right to be the sole spokesman or representative of the people. All the groups and parties purport to speak and fight for and on behalf of the people. They also assume that they know what the interests of the people are, if that were true, and if they are confident of the correctness of their respective positions, they should have the courage to trust the people to take the right decision according to their own perceptions and understanding. Those who claim to have the support of the people must not display, use or threaten to use weapons of human destruction. Accordingly, the Amirthalingam murder in July 1989 provoked moral outrage and despair - Are the Tamil people, individually and collectively, going to permit the developing culture of intolerance and violence to undermine the moral basis of the Tamil cause beyond possibility of retrieval?”
Events ensured that the question and editorial line persisted. The LTTEEPRLF armed contest at the end of 1989 was found wanting in terms of the standard of unity through diversity and morality, as were actions by militants against the Muslim minority a year later. The TNA recruitment was branded as "reprehensible' and the LTTE upbraided for intolerance; action against the Muslims was a "cowardly and shameless exercise of brute force' which also deserved the *severest condemnation and unequivocal repudiation by all members of the Tamil community in whose name it was purportedly done'.
Commendable Courage
Equally uncompromising was the condemnation of Rajiv Gandhi's murder. It was "unvarnished terrorismo and if non-Indian elements' were involved, they should be dealt with as 'international terrorists'. The full force of the editorial's fury was reserved for the assassins:
... when they goaded the woman bomber to wear the belt packed with lethal explosives around her waist, they knew that she would also explode into bits. Having thus helped to kill one of their own in an act of odious savagery, the
Continued on page 18

Page 18
18 TAM TIMES
Continued from page 17
perpetrators have disowned her in a display of characteristic disloyalty and ingratitude - loyalty and gratitude are human values which such evil minds do not know or understand. . . .(15 June 1991). In consistently speaking out against internecine warfare and terrorism, the Tamil Times has displayed commendable courage and foresight in its contribution to the process of liberation. It has not abandoned its declared aim to express 'equal concern for internal democracy, political pluralism and observance of human rights within the Tamil community itself" (Editorial, 15 December 1990). My one criticism of the journal’s attitude towards politically damaging and morally questionable violence is its relative failure to denounce such action when the victims have been Sinhalese civilians and the perpetrators, the militant groups. Explicit criticism of indiscriminate violence could effectively counter the chauvinistic charge and enhance its appeal to readership from all communities.
Regarding the ultimate objective of struggle, the Tamil Times has reiterated its belief that Tamils constitute a nation, staunchly supported selfdetermination and until recently (15 May 1991), avoided advocacy of a precise political or constitutional formulation. However, in the emphasis on a political solution to redefine the relationship between the Tamil community and the Sri Lankan state and keen attention to political and constitutional developments in the south, a disposition towards federalism - declared in the May 1991 issue - could be discerned. For instance, secession has been treated very much as a deterrent and last resort rather than a foreordained or immutable goal: the erosion of democracy and political upheaval in the south has never been scrutinised merely as news from another country. The constant theme has been an end to civilian suffering within a framework incorporating the four principles enunciated at Thimpu (July and August 1985). Just before the Accord, these sentiments were expressed in the July 1987 editorial:
Many Sinhalese mistake the idea of self-deternination to nean secession. This need necessarily not be so. Once the Sinhalese accept that there are two nations. ..., then meaningful safeguards can be devised not merely to profect the Tamil nation but also its Sinhala counterpart. We nust underline. . . .that the two
nations are fertins.
Journal's Stren
In the support fo time at which it sensitivity to the c tical forces within can also be detect shrewd and neces both the context political struggle. from the standp peace, of the centr cratic space betw and the desirable, absolutist, is on strengths. The argued:
LTTEspokesn for negotiation have declared pared to settle basis of self-d Татії people, I total separates has also giver view that exce thing else is no and
The indication party is going t and sooner or negotiations w Side assistance sensible fo C Sooner and nic inevitably mea, destruction. What transpired mon knowledge. A federalism, recept liamentary Select Thondaman propos with the repercuss assassination in pal al developments il Lanka. A political mutually acceptab partnership for suc of this, the 15 Ma dared to address Crisis of Leadership Alleged Tiger res) assassination and t for Prabhakaran's nection, had "raise concerning the ac Tigers to represent any negotiations'. E political constraint the editorial conter
Even if Colom отbо тау соп imprudent and
fer info negotia for Such a cour tion and antago Delhi and Colo

15 MAY 1992
arleying on equal
th r federalism and the was made public, a onfiguration of poliSri Lanka and India d. This attests to a sary appreciation of and mechanics of Indeed, recognition int of justice and e ground and demoeen the attainable the pragmatic and of the journal's 15 May editorial
en have also called sandsome of them that they are prethe conflict on the efernination of the put if need not be a state. The President expression to the pt for Eelam, everygotiable. . . .
s are that neither o trounce the other ater they will begin fith or without out2. lt must surely be 'ommence talking of later which Will ni more death and
since then is comny endorsement of ivity to the ParCommittee and the als, has to contend ions of the Gandhi articular, and politicthe south of Sri solution requires a le and sustainable cess. In cognizance rch 1992 editorial he question of 'A on the Tamil side. ponsibility for the he Indian warrant arrest in this cond a question mark ceptability of the the Tamil people in ver appreciative of and imperatives, ded: Do wants to, Colsider it politically 'nexpedient to enfors MVifh fhe L7E se may cause fric?isrm befhMVeen NleMV nbo.
The next paragraph summarized the immediate and complex problem,
it would thus seem that, by acts of connission and omission of those who purported to represent the interests of the Tamil people in the recent past, the community finds itself without an acceptable and effective political leadership to represent it and speak on its behalf.
All efforts, it concluded, must be directed to rectify this.
Different Stable
Cynics may argue that after 10 years of publication and devotion to exalted notions of human rights and liberation, the above paragraph confirms the journal's failure to make a decisive contribution in moulding or even reflecting wider opinion, and, that it is not a serious statement of legitimate views designed to facilitate it. In this vein, they may also be joined by critics to make the point that the paragraph is symbolic of the unrepresentativeness of radical bourgeois opinion epitomized by the Tamil Times, when contrasted with "the situation on the ground’ — that ubiquitous phrase supposed to be conclusive because it denotes self-evident fact. The Tamil Times comes from a different stable and is devoid of both the willingness and ability to fathom the temper of the times - the horse of Tamil politics has bolted away from radical paternalism in an unrelenting gallop of militant zeal and will never return to liberal values. The desperate yearning is for answers: questions only muddy the waters. There is a time and place for thought and for action and the time is now for action. Moreover, the past had a different pattern and the past is not to be repeated. . . .
Perhaps I exaggerate and deliberately caricature, in order to commend the raising of uncomfortable questions and the defence of democracy and human rights as eternal duties which, whatever the force of circumstance, are eternally valid. Is it not imperative that the language of tactics and strategy is vested with the grammar of rights and duties and that the threshhold of civilian pain is not measured by the thirst for political power? I hope the Tamil Times continues into many more decades of publication, increases its circulation and contributors from all communities and shades of opinion. I wish it every success in this necessary endeavour.
A good read - yes, most importantly though, a thought provoking one

Page 19
15 MAY 1992
TEN YEARS OF “TAM
"Maintaining the Best Trac
of Press Freedom
I am sure the Sri Lankan Tamils all over the world would join me in felicitating the Tamil Times on its completing ten years of uninterrupted publication and wishing it many more years of service as an unfailing beacon to guide us out of the misery into which we have fallen. In this time of happiness we remember with grateful hearts those who pioneered the publication, messrs C.J.T. Thamotheram, N.S. Kandiah, P. Rajanayagam, those visionaries who dreamt the noble iream of a periodical to fight for our rights and nursed the fledgling with tireless zeal through the pangs of its birth.
These ten years have been a winter of despair for our people. A reign of terror and of unspeakable atrocities has swept over our dear land. The Tamil Times, true to its avowed objectives has critically analysed our problems and condemned all violations of human rights. To present facts truly in an unbiased way and reflect in its content a diversity of views, is an unenviable task. There are those who are filled with the euphoria produced by the bold stand put up by the militants all these years and their glorious victories. They have extolled their relentless pursuit of their goal of Eelam. They have seen glimpses of the promised land and would brook no word of reproach against them. They would justify their excesses" on the ground they have to secure the solidarity of their ranks and find the wherewithal for the military hardware they need. They firmly believe that, but for the Tigers, the fate of our people living outside the North and East would now be worse than what befell them in 1958 and in the years thereafter. Voltaire's noble maxim on the freedom of dissent, and facts being sacred and comment free, are mere cliches to them, effete rectitudes. What the Jehad is to the Muslims, is the present fight to the Tamils, a holy war, a crusade, in which all Tamils should join. So, when you denounce the militants’ excesses and publish articles like War Against Historical Memory' (Dec. 1991), or the Letter From Jaffna' (November 1991), which damage the image of the Tigers, they call the Tamil Times anti-Tamil.
I have read your editorials carefully. You have condemned injustice and atrocities, regardless of who perpetrated them. You have written about
the enforced exc and the gratuito Buddhist clergy speedy negotiat equal force. You open to a diversit of Sachi Sri Kant. Sivaraman and have maintained Press Freedom, a thy debate is the cracy. You have all violations of dite writers have articles on our p Times has theref recorder of event catalyst for the rights.
It looks as if this go on for a longtin has a valuable con these critical time land will one da resplendant like t ashes.
It is estimated lakhs of our people lands. The Tamil lished a linkage w led in them a sen
4A
The Tamil Times other periodical p outside their hom forum for free deb Tamil liberation. W differed with vie editorially and ot tant issues, I admi magazine to acc range of opinior harshly critical oft that the forces of learn from the accommodation of view does not ne compromising on
I also wish to us successful years of appeal to the publi scope of the maga more serious aspe life of the new gen Tamils and of theid environment, inclu of racial integratio milation.
I am confident will continue to ser Tamil communit
 
 

itiOns
dus of the Muslims, s intervention of the and pleaded for a ed settlement with
columns have been y of views like those na and K. Thambiah, Sivasegaram. You the best traditions of nd shown that heal
:ornerstone of demogiven prominence to
Human Rights. Erucontributed valuable roblems. The Tamil ore been not only a s but also proved a
vindication of our
war of attrition will ne. The Tamil Times tribution to make in s. Our dear mothery rise mighty and he phoenix from its
that nearly three are living in foreign Times has estabith them and instilse that we are one
\ Forum for
has, more than any ublished by Tamils 2lands, served as a ate of the politics of hile I have strongly vs expressed, both herwise, on imporre the ability of the ommodate a wide s including some he magazine. I hope 'amil liberation will Tamil Times that different points of essarily constitute rinciples.
the occasion often the Tamil Times to hers to enlarge the ine to deal with the ts of socio-culturah eration of overseas identity in an alien ding the questions n and cultural assi
that Tamil Times 'e the international for many more
TAMIL TIMES 19
people, wherever in the planet we may be. Their serial events, their noteworthy achievements, and obituaries are reported and we are able to know what is happening to our friends and relatives from whom we have been separated for so long. The photos and appreciations of our departed friends kindle memories of happy days gone by. Good coverage is given to the fine arts and we have the chance of knowing the accomplishments of our young artistes.
Tamil Times has a solid record of achievement. Mr. Rajanayagam has matured into an editor of outstanding ability, whose balance and sobriety give force to what he writes. He faces realities courageously, is virile, robust, well-informed and telling in his criticisms. In Mr. N.S. Kandiah we have a sound business manager who has steered the journal through all financial difficulties and put it on a firm basis. They have laboured without any remuneration and with dedication and total commitment. With them at the helm and with the support of subscribers, even of those holding contrary views, the Tamil Times is assured of a brilliant period of service.
May God bless them and the Tamil Times.
C. Subramaniam
Emeritus Principal, Skantha Varothaya College, Chumakam, Sri Lanka.
Free Debate
years to come in the same spirit that it has in the past and wish it well in its endeavour.
Dr. S. Sivasegaram London.
"Requires Great Courage'
We send you our congratulations on the completion often years of publication and best wishes for the future of the Tamil Times on the occasion of its tenth anniversary.
I believe in reading all shades of opinion expressed in various magazines, and I have read with interest and concern the Sri Lanka news in the Tamil Times. We believe that wellinformed journalists should try to contribute to peace through ensuring that their writings are as balanced as possible. This requires great courage.
Wishing you all the best now and in the future.
Yours sincerely,
N., Ramamurthy Asia Secretary, Ouaker Peace & Service.

Page 20
20 , TAM TIMES
TEN YEARS OF “TAM
"Committed to Values, Permanent
Greetings and best wishes. You have held your ground through ten turbulent years in the history of Lanka, and that of the Tamils in particular, and have come out of it with honour. Your total and unflagging commitment in defence of the democratic and human rights of Tamils, Muslims and Sinhalese alike, in the context of a brutal and now senseless and selfdefeating conflict is an achievement in which you can take legitimate pride. The Tamil Times represents Tamil culture at its best, all that is good, true and noble in our common humanity. Moderate in tone yet frank in condemning injustice, you have placed on record for future generations, what has been the saddest, most violent and merciless decade in the two thousand and five hundred years history of both the Sinhalese and the Tamils in our beloved motherland, call it by whatever name, be it Sri Lanka, Ceylon, Ilankai or Eelam. You have given us a publication which one can hand out with self-respect and a clear conscience to concerned scholars, students, human rights activists and Third World Solidarity groups here in Japan or anywhere in the world.
In the late 70s and early 80s when violations of the human rights of the Tamil people was on the increase, we enjoyed a great deal of international sympathy, goodwill and support. The Tamil Times made its appearance in that critical period and made a major contribution towards internationalising the issue. For those of us who were in Jaffna at that time it was a time of intense tension and total loss of confidence in the Lankan state and its security forces, but it was also a time of hope and courage. We were united as a people. Tamil did not fear Tamil. It was a time when peoples' movements, human rights groups (MIRJE), and citizens' committees spontaneously came into existence in the north and east, independent of the militant movements but broadly in sympathy with their then stated aims and objectives. These co-existed with mutual respect for each other. It was a time when the struggle for selfdetermination merged with the struggle for democratic and human rights. Both are indivisible and drew mass support. Today the Tamils are a deeply divided people. Unity cannot be imposed from the top at the point of the gun. Nor can liberation be achieved by brother killing brother.
As early as unreservedly co two former meI Dharmalingam am and said: "My lysay that such to do with a donn. On the c thing short of n same issue Dr. did so much to of the Tamils j newspapers anc "To add fratrici TULF politician he anis ne agony they sufi Abel, or Isaacs thus gained (is) . . . The blood c yes, Sinhalese shed already. ' representatives Tamil martyrs already creafec against the Tar
I believe that Times subscrib the issues from This I did, beca ance, a few m Lanka. Though all the views i pages during th made it an ess track of the ev Eelam scene.
One way of much has happ entry into the review the fron issue of every n Times since 19,
I provide a s below.
Volume 1, no 1981, although was missing in cover price was two headline fe Agreement, A E al Move by Go, Persons Behind
Volume 2, no 1982. The cove There were two liament Life Opposition Pre, men Killed; 3ć

15 MAY 1992
September 1985 you indemned the killing of mbers of parliament V. and M. Alalasundare make bold to publickillings have nothing ni liberation or free'ontrary, they are noaked terrorism.” In the David Selbourne, who publicise the sufferings in the world's leading journals, commented: de (as in the killing of Is) to genocide is, for rely to deepen every fer. . . When Cain kills lays Jacob, a "victory' ) no more than pyrrhic of enough innocents - included - has been to have added TULF to the thousands of this civil war has l, is a crime; a crime nil people.' Since then
we have witnessed the tragic killings of many more, some of them dedicated men and women of courage who gave their lives so freely for the Tamil cause. These you have dutifully recorded and rightly condemned.
At this juncture one also recalls the crude efforts made by the Lankan state to confuse international opinion when it issued fake copies of the Tamil Times through its missions abroad. Today your commitment to give the news without fear or favour has incurred the wrath of some Tamil professionals and expatriates. To those who would wilfully vilify and defame you we say let history judge. You stand on firm ground, committed to values that are permanent and eternal. Ultimately a lasting peace with justice to all communities can only be built on such values.
May Tamil Times' second decade bring peace, justice and a better life to the people of all the communities in our troubled land, especially to the poor, the displaced and the refugees.
Santasilan Kadirgamar Meiji Gakuin University, Tokyo.
'Served a Worthy Cause'
I am one of the Tamil ers, who have saved all volume 1, number 1. use it made its appearonths after I left Sri I have not agreed with it has published in its le past ten years, I have ential reading to keep ents happening in the
looking back at how pened since it made its journalistic world, is to t pages of the number 1 ew volume of the Tamil 81.
ummary of my review
.1 appeared in October the date of the issue the front page. The 25 pence. There were atures. (1) UNP-TULF" reakthrough or Tacticvernment. (2) Pouverful
Recent Violence.
.1 was dated November r price was 40 pence. » cover stories. (1) ParExtended Until '89, ss. Sealed. (2) 3 PoliceGuns Stolen. (About
the confrontation at the Chavakachcheri police station).
Volume 3, no.1 appeared in November 1983. The cover price was 50 pence. Under the headline: The Naked Truth and the Myth, a horrifying photograph of 'a Tamil youth being stripped naked before being burnt alive, while the killers were dancing appeared. This incident had taken place at the main bus stand in Borella, Colombo 8, at 1.30am on July 24, 1983.
Volume 4, no.1 appeared in November 1984. The cover price was 65 pence. The front cover featured Indira Gandhi's photograph, with her last words delivered on October 30, 1984.
Volume 5, no.1 came in November 1985. The cover price was 75 pence. The cover story had a headline: South African Type Sri Lankan Pass Laus'. The photo featured Harry Greenaway, Conservative MP, Holding a genuine Tamil Times issue and a fake copy then produced by the Sri Lankan government authorities.
Volume 6, no.1 was published in December 1987. The cover price was 85 pence. It featured the photographs of Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, LTTE leader V. Prabakaran and President

Page 21
15 MAY 1992
Jayewardene, with the caption, "The Main Actors'.
Volume 8, no.1 came in December 1988. The cover price was 75 pence. The front page showed two photographs, with the caption, "The Ghostly Resorts of Paradise'. One photograph, showed voters queuing up to vote during Sri Lanka's North-East Provincial Council Election.
Volume 9, no.1 was released in December 1989. The cover price was 75 pence. For the first time, the cover appeared in colour. It featured a photograph of the new Indian Prime Minister, Vishvanath Pratap Singh. Brief captions appeared as pointers: The Indian post-election Scene', 'V.P. Singh outlines his Agenda', 'Debacle of
'Uncompromising in
Tamil Times deserves high commendation on the completion of ten years of uninterrupted publication.
It has been my privilege to seek recourse to its pages to round off information about the Tamil struggle gathered from locally available sources right through this past period, and I have found the effort well worthwhile.
Unlike some other journals, Tamil Times has not fallen into the trap of chauvinism in the course of exposing the turgid racialism of Sinhalese politicians and their state. The paper has always been mature enough to remember that the problem of Tamil rights is a specific manifestation of the larger problem of the wellbeing of the entire Sri Lankan community. Uncompromising in its presentation of the true picture of discrimination, oppression and violent harassment of the Tamil people in Sri Lanka, Tamil Times has also been ever concerned to point to the increasingly fascist visage of the LTTE and its apparatus of terror and crime.
I would like to go further and state that Tamil Times has never championed the false consciousness of PanTamilism, the final fall-back of all despairing “Dravidian” demagogues. Tamil Dravidianism is a closed chapter of the social struggle in Tamil Nad and is most unlikely to find new life among the embers of an ideologically bankrupt "Tiger' armed movement for the spread of terror among the Tamil people themselves.
It would be a mistake, however, to believe that the woes of the Tamil people in Sri Lanka are now nearing their end. There is no indication that Sinhala chauvinism has been displaced by modernistic secular forces
the DMKʼ, ʻSr Powder Keg, Tamil Areas', ' Tamil Groups'.
Volume 10, r. ber 1990. Th pence. The fro. an axe-wielding the Ayodhya captions noted Debacle’, ‘LTTE Army', 'Red C. ing of Jaffna ) Groups Join ar Muslim Parties
Present
and trends. M religio-racial pc its hold on soc. on what const absence of a m able of identif terests with th whole is a sev working out c unifying Sri
pacifying its
forces. The Ind July 1987 was c ence of this va domestic social no indication th red to nullify t continental mec
Tamil Times led to confront
NOt
It is indeed hi Tamil Times h of uninterrupt gratulate the vigorously in which has gai extends beyon community. I
the editor's int. defending the
peoples' cause
by Tamil chauv
The past dec trials for the T. ing of Jaffna L seven days of a 1983 were mo: lence that sign civil war to the we have witne
 

TAMIL TIMES 2.
YEARS OF
Lanka - The Eastern
Violence Spreads in
For a Ceasefire Among
o. 1 came out in Decemcover price was 75 ut page had a photo of Hindu holy warrior, in onflict in India. Brief 'Mankulam Military - Now a Conventional oss Protests at BombHospital', 'Rival Tamil ti-LTTE War, TamilReach Accord', 'DMK
ing Truth”
such to the contrary, litics has strengthened ety and, in particular, itutes the state. The odern social class capying itself and its inose of the country as a ere impediment to the If any programme of Lankan society and antagonistic internal o-Lanka Agreement of occasioned by the existcuum in our country's environment. There is at anything has occurhe 1987 importance of liation.
will find itself compelthis new phase of our
*TAM TIMES
Sun Passes Through a Cloud'.
Considering the meagre resources Tamil Times has had since its inception, one should admit that it has served a worthy cause. I will be happy, if one of its well-wishers can compile a comprehensive index covering the items which have appeared in the Tamil Times for the past ten years. It will be of much use for future historians and students of Tamil affairs.
Sincerely yours,
Dr. Sachi Sri Kantha Osaka, Japan.
ethnic problem. It will no longer be confined to a basic domestic question with projections into Tamil Nad politics. The central question will be the weakness of the national state and its inability to consolidate the nation on the basis of traditional concepts of sovereignty. Nor is this condition peculiar to Sri Lanka alone. All countries of South Asia (and elsewhere too) are beset by the same problems and the countries themselves are becoming ungovernable because of them. Even the problems of economy are interlaced with them. Without a continental or sub-continental approach to them, it will be difficult to get anywhere. The task of bringing this dimension of consciousness to Tamil people settled over wide areas of the globe belongs to Tamil Times.
Hector Abhayawardhana Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Swayed by Tamil Chauvinism
- A Valiant Effort”
artening to note that as completed ten years ed publication. I conditor and staff of this dependent magazine ned a readership that the Lankan Tamil have always admired epidity in consistently ustness of the Tamil without being swayed inism.
de has been a period of mil society. The burnbrary in 1981 and the ti-Tamil terror in July nents of extreme violled the coming of the Tamil homelands. But sed much more since
July 1983. There was a hope, a moment of hope, among the distressed and humiliated Lankan Tamils when militant movements announced their manifestos. But that hope diminished as the armed struggle developed in a direction that deviated from the appointed course of liberation. In practice, the movements put AK 47 in command of politics. We have witnessed the escalation of bloody internecine conflicts between different militant groups and the rise of military authoritarianism in the Tamil speaking areas. If the 1970s signified the budding of a new radicalism and a search for liberating ideologies among our youth, the 1980s turned out to be a decade when the stage was set for the
Continued on page 23

Page 22
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Page 23
15 ΜΑΥ 1992
Continued from page 21
protracted growth of a militarism that undermined the very purpose of the liberation struggle. If the Tamil militancy and heroism of the early eighties made the Tamil people feel proud, the actions of Tamil militants in the late eighties made them feel a new form of oppression and ashamed. The dominant form of Tamil nationalism today is chauvinistic and, therefore, reactionary. I may repeat what I have said before: Tamil nationalism has degenerated into a mirror image of its enemy - Sinhala nationalism. Its militant form represented by the LTTE and other armed movements has estranged the Tamil society from the Muslim people in the North and East. By imitating its enemy, Tamil nationalism has served to undermine the fraternal links between Sinhala
and Tamil comm The hegemony chauvinism in and the excessiv rights by Ta: obscured and da ness of the T: credence to the Lankan state an to the Tamil pec determination. . ence of this is th international sy Tamil cause.
In such a situ need to uphold Tamil cause bel community wil opposing the cha
"A Yeoman Service'
The ProTEG extends its best wishes and felicitations to the Tamil Times on its completion of ten years of publication with the November issue. The Tamil Times has been playing a vital role in the media scenario covering these ten years which has seen momentous events take place unparalleled in the history of the Tamils of Eelam and the Sri Lankan imbroglio.
One can never underestimate the role of the press and media in the democratic milieu of modern society, particularly in the European context and the west in general. The Ceylon Tamil issue however petty it may have looked in the eyes of the world com
pared to the
troversies and
context, indeed life and death tc and your public service in high rights violations way in activa Tamils to voice : may and sorrow their fellow beil jected to in Eela
We in the Pro watch dog of the refugees who ha the refuge of In since the holocau refugees have al our homeland of
Refusal to be intimidat
You have been called the 'anti-Tamil Times'. Friends of mine (Tamils) have asked me why I continued to contribute to 'a reactionary paper read only by aging expatriate Tamils out of touch with reality'. My response is that, if to say what has to be said is "reactionary' and to condemn that which has got to be condemned is 'anti-Tamil, so be it.
As a strong supporter of the struggle of the Tamil people against blatant discrimination and injustice by a succession of Sinhala-dominated governments, I have been dismayed by recent events which you, and only you, have had the guts to condemn.
Many years ago when I first attempted to make my small contribution in support of the struggle of the Tamil people for equality and justice in the country of their birth, the Tamils held the moral high-ground. I was glad to be identified with the Tamil people and
their entirely just the years, I wat anxiety, as a drifted into one Amnesty Interna its mandate, so atrocities could b mned. I watched as respected me community strug unjustifiable. The refused to be intir to blindly toe the a disciplined star Times and the Un Human Rights (J these two had th and, dare I say it demn that which without fear or f the plight of the T tion.
In my Forewor book The Broker

TAMIL TIMES 23
YEARS OF TAMIL TIMES
unities in the country.
of militarism and the Tamil homeland 2 violations of human nil militants have Imaged the basic justmil cause and lent propaganda of the Sri other sources hostile ples' demand for selfA very sad consequsevere erosion of the pathy enjoyed by the
ation, there is a great
the justness of the ore the international hile criticising and uvinism of the domi
nant Tamil movements. The world has to be constantly reminded that the Tamil people in Lanka are still not free from the national oppression that led to the rise of armed resistance. The campaign for a lasting political solution to the national question has to be kept alive. Concerned expatriate Tamils, Sinhalese and others need to know what is going on in the country. They need to exchange views. Tamil Times is making a valiant effort toward meeting these needs. It deserves our active support. Perhaps, as its readers many of us could do more than what we are doing now to help sustain Tamil Times through the next decade.
Dr. N. Shanmugaratnam Agricultural University of Norway
other burning constrifes in the Global was and is a matter of the Tamils of Eelam ation did a yeoman lighting the human
which did go a long Ling the expatriate and express their disat the sufferings that ngs were being subΥ1
)TEG have been the
tens of thousands of ve continued to seek ndia in Tamil Nadu st of July 1983. These fled the violence in Eelam. Therefore we
are particularly happy to note that you have always advocated a negotiated solution on the internationally accepted norms of settlement of disputes. Violence begets violence "Those who live by the sword die by the sword'. Some elements in the Tamil Community have taken the violent path with disastrous consequences to the entire community. The Tamil Times has been a beacon light to the Eelam Tamils who are yet to see the light at the end of the tunnel.
We conclude our message by wishing the Tamil Times continued success and more strength to your pen.
Yours faithfully,
S.C. Chandrahasan PrOTEG
ed''
ifiable struggle. Over hed with increasing liberation struggle which has compelled tional to even extend
that some of the e exposed and condewith disappointment mbers of the Tamil gled to justify the two lone voices that hidated, that refused party line, that took ce, were the Tamil iversity Teachers for affna Branch). Only e courage, honesty, , patriotism, to conhad to be condemned vour and highlight amil civilian popula
to that remarkable Palmyra that cost
one of the authors her life, I concluded, "I have no doubt that the authors will be condemned by Tamil fanatics as "traitors to the Tamil cause” for exposing what is going on in Jaffna. . . . It is hoped that when sanity returns, the authors of this exceptional book will be recognised as true patriots and their work an outstanding contribution aimed at preventing the establishment of anarchy in Sri Lanka'.
May I express similar sentiments on
this tenth anniversary of the Tamil Times and say that if and when sanity returns and/or the Tamil people obtain some relief from their present suffering, I hope that the contribution made : by the Tamil Times, its exceptional editor, dedicated manager and committed staff who have managed to keep this paper going under the most difficult circumstances, will be recognised.
Dr. Brian Senewiratine Brisbane, Australia.

Page 24
24 TAM TIMES
TEN YEARS OF 'TAML
"Non-Sectarian and Hum
We congratulate the Tamil Times on the completion of 10 years of publication.
Notwithstanding its name, the efforts of Tamil Times to avoid sectarianism and opt for an al-island perspective and the policy of a negotiated solution to our vexed national question on the basis of the recognition and acceptance of the legitimate rights of all communities in the island, is indeed praiseworthy. So also its dedication to the maxim: "Facts are sacred, comment is free”.
At a time when distortions, halftruths and even downright falsehoods are the stock-in-trade of sectarian
'Comprehensive and impartial'
1 welcome this opportunity to congratulate the Tamil Times on the tenth anniversary of its first publication. Throughout this period the coverage by the T.T. of concerns vital to the Sri Lankan Tamil Community has been comprehensive, relevant, impartial and unconstrained. We await every issue not only for the news but also for the many points of view so freely expressed.
That all this has been achieved is due to the philosophy of the publication - so much in evidence in the spirit and wisdom of the editorials. We wish your publication well in the future - for all our sakes.
Yours faithfully,
Dr. J.C.V. Chinnappa Brisbane, Australia.
"For the Good of All
Our felicitations and thanks for your 10 years of dedication to the cause of peace with justice in Sri Lanka.
At a time when soldiers and militants are prepared to give their lives for uniting the country or freeing their people according to their persuasions, it is good that there are persons like you from all the communities who are prepared to give their lives for the common good of all within a united Sri Lanka with the safeguarding of the rights of all peoples and communities.
More strength to your pen.
Rev. Tissa Balasuriya Centre for Society and Religion, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
chauvinist groups kinds, it goes w strict adherence ti standards and re munities becomes duty of all who pri Lankans.
May Tamil Tim hold its avowed st ism and its non-se{ ist approach to iss the years to come.
Yours sincerely
Vi
'Christian Worker' Colombo, Sri Lanka
"Commitmen
I have been readi terest Tamil Time years. I have been with the coverage Sri Lanka, but also and commitment Tamil minority gro' has a tremendous i Tamils, it has als through which the Lanka has got ir wish the journal all
Wishing you a prosperous new ye regards.
Yours sincerely,
Prof. University of Madras South India.
“Ten Years (
I am pleased to note has completed ten y I remember well discussions at C.J.T to the starting of th I congratulate th janayagam, the Fi C.J.T. Thamothera Manager, Mr. N.S. these years of succe know well the pro shortage of funds ar
The thanks of the should go to all th wish the Journal co the Tamil Communi
Yours sincerely,
La Trobe University, Australia.
 
 

15 MAY 1992
inist
and journals of all hout saying that proper journalistic pect for all coma prime need and e themselves as Sri
2s continue to upIndards of journaltarian and humanes in Sri Lanka in
aya Vidyasagara
t for Justice'
ng with great infor the last eight impressed not only of news relating to the cogent analysis for justice to the ups. The magazine mpact on overseas been a medium ethnic crisis in Sri ternationalised. I
SԱCC6SS.
very happy and r and with warm
/. Suryanarayan
f Success'
that Tamil Times ars of publication. he meeting and 's place which led
Tamil Times. Editor, Mr. Rast Manager, Mr. n and the later Kandiah for all sful publishing. I blems caused by
facilities.
'amil Community se responsible. I tinued service to y.
Prof. J. Eliezer
"Balanced and Independent'
Congratulations to the Tamil Times
on the Tenth Anniversary of its pub
lication. Tamil citizens all over the
world should feel greatly indebted to
the small band of dedicated volunteers
whose untiring efforts and enormous
personal sacrifices had made it possi
ble for the Tamil Times to be edited,
printed and distributed uninterrupted
ly during the past ten years.
I have been a regular subscriber to
Tamil Times since it was first published in October 1981, and have received and read all subsequent issues. It is no exaggeration to say that Tamil Times was the first to focus international attention on the continuing atrocities and injustices inflicted on Ealam Tamils with the active connivance of successive governments. It also succeeded in canvassing world opinion and support in favour of the legitimate grievances and causes of the Tamil community. The journal has maintained a sturdy independence in its coverage and reporting on events and issues affecting the political and economic future of the Ealam Tamils. You have also attempted as far as possible to present a balanced picture of the problems facing our community.
Perhaps, not every one will agree with the opinions and views you have so forcefully articulated in your columns.
But certainly no one can and should
grudge your right and freedom to do SO.
The years that lie immediately ahead forebode a still more turbulent and difficult period for the Ealam Tamils. The Tamil Times should therefore continue to play a crucial role in highlighting their plight and in mobilizing international opinions and support for an early peaceful resolution of their problems.
May the Almighty give you and your team the necessary strength and courage to continue your services undaunted.
Yours sincerely, . . .
S. Selvaratmann
Rtd. UN Expert, Bangkok, Thailand.
“Excellent Job'
You have certainly done an excellent job of work over the past ten years and done it with commitment and without self-advertisement. If there had been more like you, Tamil Times need not even have been necessary, as all of us - Tamils, Sinhalese, Moors & Burghers - would have lived and laughed and loved together as in our youth and not be as tragically and senselessly

Page 25
15 MAY 1992
- ー
divided as we are today. All I can say is, Go on please, until you have made yourself and TT expendable.
Yours
Rev. Paul Caspersz “Satyodaya, Kandy, Sri Lanka.
"An invaluable Source'
To have succeeded in producing Tamil Times for a decade under the practical constraints you have is a remarkable achievement. The publication has become an invaluable source not only of information but also of informed comment on the situation in Sri Lanka. This is particularly helpful in Britain, where the media give such sparse coverage of events there. Congratulations!
Jonathan Fryer Writer and Broadcaster, BBC London.
AS YOU Seet'
The readers of Tamil Times are most grateful to you and your colleagues for starting this most informative journal under difficult circumstances. While this is a major achievement, you have seen to it that it has been sustained for 10 long years.
Tamil Times tells it as you see it. You have to be congratulated for your success. I wish you and the magazine many years of life.
Sincerely,
Prof. M. Sundarallingam The Ohio University, USA.
"Reliable and Unique'
Yours is a splendid publication.
May I congratulate you on the continued excellence of the Tamil Times. I find it reliable and a unique source of information on Lanka.
Yours,
Prof. Bruce Matthews University of Canada.
Trusted and Reliable'
CAFOD would like to send you and the staff of the Tamil Times best wishes on your 10th anniversary, and our sincere thanks and congratulations for achieving ten years of uninterrupted publication of the Tamil Times
We certainly recognise your periodical as a trusted, reliable source of information and objective comment, not only on the continued struggle of the Tamil people of the north and east
v-swara--
of Sri Lanka, bu that beset the p
We hope, in ; Times has assist cile the two com
With kind reg Yours faithful
The Catholic Fun for Overseas Dev London SW9.
"Tells
Few Third World more valiantly, a and confused circ truth than the T the best of luck i
Editor, Race & Cl
"Exemp
Those who hav Times and Tam Editor, P. Rajana gratulations for onerous obligatio
ae.
Prof. A. J. University of Brun Canada.
'Cause of
Congratulations years of publica journalism which acterise the Tam view a subscriptic tion to the cause C well deserved a about.
With best regal
Lecturer, Westmin London.
"Consistent
Congratulations
ten years of pub Times, over thes improved in its qui as a media to pr anxieties of the S This paper has c opportunity to its sides and views o without promotin, It is heartening ti of the Tamil T condemnation of man Rights, and t
 

TAMIL TIMES 25
also on the problems ople of the south.
ome way, the Tamil od in helpingto reconmunities.
Lirds,
y,
Steve Aston I, alopment,
he Truth
journals have sought nd in the most trying umstances, to tell the amil Times. I wish it n the future.
A. Sivanandan SS.
lary Work'
'e governed Tamil il Times's long time yagam, deserve con
carrying out their ns in so exemplary a
eyaratnam Wilson SWick,
Rationality
for completing ten Lion of high profile
has come to charl Times. I personally n to it as a subscripfrationality which is nd needs shouting
ds, Dr. S.R. Silvapule ster College,
and Fearless'
in your completing ication. The Tamil
years has steadily ality and usefulness sent the trials and nri Lankan Tamils. ntinued to give an eaders to discuss all the Tamil problem, parochial interests. see the consistency nes in its fearless he violation of Hule practice of double
EARS OF “TAM TIMES”
standards in the politics of Shri Lanka from whatever quarters they appear.
At a time like this when all Shri
Lankans, Singhalese, Tamils, Muslims, and Burghers, are longing for the end of violence, the Tamil Times with its advocacy for a truly democratic and negotiated settlement of the Tamil problem has earned its place as a
paper that is readable by all Shri
Lankans.
Congratulations and good wishes.
Dr. K. ls Vara Staten Island, New York.
"A Great Achievement'
Greetings and congratulations to the
Tamil Times from SCOT, on the com
pletion of ten years of continued publication. To publish a paper without interruption for over ten years and to do so relying entirely on the support of subscribers is indeed a great achieve ment.
There has always been a large area of overlap in the aspirations of the two Institutions. Whilst SCOT recognises that there may not be total agreement all the time with the views expressed by Tamil Times, it has nevertheless
attached great value to the contribu
tion made by the paper in keeping the international community informed of the continuing hardships in terms of basic human rights and poverty confronting the Tamils in Srilanka. Violation of basic human rights from whichever quarter it arises ought to be condemned and Tamil Times should never cease to campaign for peace, inter-racial justice and equality. Those who have been fortunate in finding abodes in environments of affluence and freedom must never forget those who have chosen not to forsake their land of birth or those who may wish to leave but, for various reasons, are unable to do so.
SCOT (Standing Committee of Tamil Speaking People) is a registered charity and has been in existence for more than fourteen years. Its main objectives are the relief of poverty among Tamil speaking people and the promotion of efforts by peaceful means, directed towards the recognition and protection of fundamental human rights. SCOT, whilst rededicating itself to these ideals, sends its best wishes to the Tamil Times for many more years of service to the community.
K. Sivakunnar President - SCOT.

Page 26
26 TAM TIMES
Peq Keep Away Fr Liberated slands'
Seven islands situated off the coast of Jaffna peninsula in northern Sri Lanka are today virtually devoid of population. These were islands which were retaken from control of the Tamil Tigers in October last year after a massive military operation by the Sri Lankan security forces which resulted in hundreds of civilian casualties as the Tigers withdrew without putting up much resistance.
Over ninety percent of the civilian population who fled the islands in the wake of the military operations have not yet returned despite strenuous efforts made and incentives offered by the government and its allied Tamil groups like the Eelam Peoples Democratic Party (EPDP). Offers of adequate supply of free food and other essentials have failed to woo the people.
Of the islands' total population of 150,000, only about 12,500 are residing there, most of whom are the elderly and small children who could not join the others in the exodus.
In the largest and the most populated of the islands, Kayts, the two battalions of soldiers outnumber the 466 women, children and elderly men
who remain out of tants who lived he ing began.
An additional C was appointed rece restoration of the c and hospital, a pol post offices were sel Col. Lawrence Fo charge of the isla trying to speed re-establishing the tion, hoping that it who had fled to cor Arumugam Sanų a retired paramedi Kayts hospital, w. recently after bei several years, on a the only person training at all. He not admit any pa nurse here, I am g help me with my w than enough beds a medicines. What urgently is a doctol
"I get about fift more than fifty per from depression an psychiatric ailmen trauma they have Most of the familie rated because of th and children are men, especially the areas under the co and they cannot t Mr. Sangarapillaia
A 65-year-old wo wept outside the hc she wanted to cross to be reunited with who fled with their last year's military
A local residents
T.V.G. – Golde
Shri T.V. Gopalk known as T.V.G. v and started life as age of 6. He is ol stars shining in ment of contemp versatile genius Carnatic and Hinc and percussion, in all percussion - M several musical compositions in Jazz to his credit have been accla between Indian a On 11.6.92, whe and completes 5( Music Service, we
 

15 MAY 1992
'O
the 74,000 inhabire before the fight
Government Agent ntly to speed up the ivil administration, ice station and two t up recently. Lieut. onseka who is in and said. "We are up the process of 2 civil administrawill persuade those meback'. garapillai, aged 66, c, who works at the hich was reopened ng shut down for voluntary basis is with any medical
said that he could tients. I have no atting a labourer to ork. We have more und all the essential
we really need
r', he said. een patients, and cent of them suffer d psychological and ts because of the had to go through. es have been sepae war. The women left here, but the young, live in the ntrol of the LTTE, ravel here freely', dded.
Iman, Annammah, spital, saying that into the peninsula her grandchildren, father just as the operations began.
aid that five of the
islands were under the control of the Tamil Tigers until October last year when the military offensive was launched, and they put up little resistance and fled to the peninsular mainland along with the rest of the population.
Police Superintendent, S. Gurusinghe told journalists taken to the islands on a conducted tour that there had been not a single traffic offence registered since the 70-man police station was opened a month ago. Perhaps that is not surprising as there are no vehicles on the narrow and dusty roads except for the occasional military jeep or Saladin armoured car.
Mr. Gurusinghe said that 20 of the 70 policemen were Tamil officers but admitted the others did not know the Tamil language spoken by the people of the area. He also acknowledged that his men had no real work except to guard the police station and symbolise their control and presence.
Sivanandan Nallanathan is the local postmaster who is assisted by postman and a porter. He handled two or three letters a day since the post office was opened on 14 February this year.
It was revealed that the mail that came in or went out is monitored by the EPDP which is cooperating with the security forces. Both incoming and outgoing letters were opened by the cadres of the EPDP. In answer to questions from journalists, Col. Lawrence Fonseka conceded, “There is no security requirement for the EPDP to read other peoples' letters', and claimed that he was unaware that the letters were being opened and read as alleged.
However, Col. Fonseka acknowledged that the army had supplied the EPDP cadres with arms and ammunition. About two hundred of them are on guard duty in two of the islands and they also assist us in the distribution of food, he said.
n Year in Music irishnan popularly was born on 11.6.32 a mridangist at the ne of the brightest the musical firmaporary India. This nas mastered both lustani vocal music cluding the king of ridangam. He has and instrumental Indian Music and His Jazz concerts (med as a bridge ld Western music.
n he is 60 years old ) Golden Years of , his admirers and
disciples greet him and wish that the
Almighty will grant him many more
years of service to the community.
Mr. & Mrs. Gilda, and Masters
Angelo and Marino Kumarathasan
11 Edith Road,
Selhurst,
London SE255GE

Page 27
15 MAY 1992
Who is Udugampc
Until his recent fall from his high pedestal, one of the most powerful Lanka's security apparatus, Deputy inspector General of Police and Special investigations, Mr. Premadasa Udugampola, has disappeared after his recent sensational revelations about the phenomenon of d 'Black Cats, kick-back and corruption in high places, vote-rigging et manhunt mounted by his former colleagues of the CID, it is rumoured t safely out of the country and has sought asylum in a foreign country.
"Who is Udugampola' is an extract from Rohan Gunaratne's book
Inside Story of the JVP".
In many ways, the symbol of resistance to the JVP has become Premadasa Udugampola. His name evoked both fear and respect. His methods, although anticipated as harsh by some, have proven highly effective. If fire can only be fought by fire, Udugampola is a weapon of incendiary SCC8SS.
Sometime before Premadasa Udugampola was posted to the Southern Province, he was Deputy Director, Presidential Security Division. To this date, the men who served under him claim that he was an officer and a gentleman. He was known as a 'Law abiding, duty bound and conscientious individual.' Then he was posted to the South to fight the JVP militancy. To quote Udugampola, “this was at a
point of time whi found out that the police had lapsed i lent complacency fear psychosis.' teams operationa Lanka reported Gamanayake that kill Udugampola.' court ordered deat mother, brother a children were put in their ancestral turning point in hi. tracked and apprel men responsible fe order, including W. chi, allegedly the ch court. When deat Liyanarachchi con
Fighting the enemy
their way
by Rohan Gunaratna
As the New Year dawns, Premadasa Udugampolla, Deputy Inspector General of Police, has once again become the centre of controversy. As the protagonist in the government war against the JVP, Udugampola relentlessly hunted and vanquished leaders, cadres and sympathizers who were trying to topple two UNP governments. This was the mandate given to him by two leaders, and with the support of the state machinery he executed it.
At the height of the JVP campaign, Udugampola was an influential and a powerful man. When the authority of the government extended only as far as the walls of the Presidential Secretariat, Udugampola was the only symbol of resistance to the JVP. The conventional methods of operating within and outside the law, used by Udugampola were adopted by other members of the Armed forces and his colleagues in the police departments. This was the only effective way - the Udugampola formula -
the formidable JVP could be
fought. Udugampo ing the enemy thei slaying of his mo Udugampola paid t but soon, for him r wild form of justic
Today, it is ironi pola has become state. For Udugar from the law enfo he has resorted strategies and tact to escape from hin the very state he h; preserve. In Udug tion, this is the o survive from his Events should ha allowed to take t either side. To und gampola episode th during the years ( relationship with tl examined. To mar and the fall of Uc invaluable lesson f have only seen the Udugampola episo the man is an amb person, but if prov revengeful. His f Angel, others call death.
(The Sunday

TAM TIMES 27
bla?
and feared men in Sri lead of the Bureau of and gone underground ath squads known as . Despite the massive at Udugampola is now
A Lost Revolution: The
n the government top hierarchy of the
nto a state of indo
perhaps due to the oon the JVP hit
in Southern Sri o Wijeweera and it was "impossible to Then the Kangaroo n to his family. His nd wife, and their to death and burnt nome. This was the life - Udugampola ended the fourteen Ir carrying out the jedasa Liyanarachlief of the Kangaroo h was imminent, fessed to Udugam
la called it "fightIr way. With the ther and family he highest price, avenge became a
h
c that, Udugama threat to the npola to survive rcement officers
to the same ics the JVP used h. He is fighting ad once fought to ampola’s percepnly way he can
"new enemy'. we never been his direction by rstand the Udue role he played f terror and his estate has to be y of us the rise ugampola is an "om history. We beginning of the le — by nature, tious yet a kind ked can be very iends call him im the Angel of
imes, 19.492.).
pola that, even though he was an attorney-at-law, he believed in the Lynch Law. This Law was named after Captain William Lynch (1742-1820), a member of a vigilante committee. Lynch established that a man should be tried by a court of two or three people as opposed to a Court of Law. Even though the revelations leading to Liyanarachchi's death are little known, the fact that he died of hundred injuries while in custody is now public.
Avenging killer squads?
After this episode, Udugampola's true thinking has never become public. In the areas he commanded, small groups of hand-picked trained men armed with automatics in unmarked vehicles roamed the towns and the villages. The three squads of fifteen men were recruited from families that had suffered at the hands of the JVP. Therefore, they were highly motivated to hunt and kill their enemy to avenge the death of their loved ones. Members and sympathizers of the JVP rarely escaped the wrath of these men whose sole objective was to see their enemy wiped out. Soon they developed into determined aggressors and began to prey on the relatives, friends and families of JVP cadres. Those abducted were later found with their necks slashed along the road side. Then the fear psychosis which was taken to a high pitch by the JVP began to have "reverse action'. As the battle intensified regulars from the services joined them and soon this style of operation became widely acceptable as the most efficient method of fighting the enemy. This time the JVP was taken by surprise - they never anticipated that the state and the statesponsored forces would ever copy and adopt their operational methods and unconventional tactics in combating them. The JVP strategy had held good for long but the moment the government and the pro-government forces adopted the enemy strategy, the JVP was forced to incur heavy losses and to retreat. As feelings of the people became a non-entity in the war, the power and the position of the formidable JVP began to perish. Those at the top accepted and sanctioned the "Search-Interrogate-Destroy’ method. Until the last man was apprehended and eliminated and until the incidents of violence dropped to zero, the squads operated in the countryside performing their mission - a task entrusted to them and a task they had to accomplish for their survival.
The creation of this formidable force
Continued on page 35

Page 28
28 TAMIL TIMES
HOW India "Saved to from imminent Dest
An extract from the former President, J.R. Jayewardene's recently released book ‘Men and Menories.
The Government of Central India continued to campaign throughout the world against the Government of Sri Lanka. The Indian embassies abroad became centres of support for the terrorists and separatist groups. This led to the reluctance on the part of some of the Western powers to supply arms and other aid to Sri Lanka. They were all anxious not to offend India.
In April 1986, the Indian Government sent to Sri Lanka a new delegation led by a Minister of State, P. Chidambaram (40), a young Tamil and Natwar Singh, the Minister of State for External Affairs. An official communique in May 1986, announced that the Sri Lanka Government agreed to make further concessions beyond the terms of the Delhi Accord, concessions that dealt with Law and Order, Land Settlement etc.
Sri Lanka meanwhile, embarked on a new political initiative, the Political Parties Conference with eight political parties, that met me on 25 June 1986.
These talks continued in July 1986. A TULF delegation also arrived in Sri Lanka from India and had formal talks with me in July and August 1986.
Left parties
The discussions between the Government of Sri Lanka and the TULF and the discussions and debates within the Political Parties Conference, continued for over three months. The SLFP boycotted these discussions. All the other parties, including the traditional Left parties which were not represented in Parliament, also participated in these discussions.
They agreed to proposals which formed the basis of discussions between me and Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi when we met in Bangalore at the SAARC Summit on the 17 and 18 November 1986. At the end of the Conference, it was announced that apart from the subjects of Finance, and Administration, which were not clarified by the TULF, the matters which required further clarification, modification and agreement, were fullly set out in a working paper on the Bangalore discussions dated 19 November 1986.
The LTTE alone refused to accept
these proposals Indian Govern tions on Sri L operating from were nullified Government's these moves. A the Central G the LTTE lead leaving India fully.
Chidambaran visited Colombo with me for t December 1986 be reached at tl the merger of North and the E the Amparai Di. Province.
TW( An official s the 19 Decemb following point,
President J.F two Indian Min ideas in continu held in the pa discussions, th
emerged:
(i) The prese the Eastern Amparai Electo tute the new E (ii) A Provi established for vince.
(iii) The ins tween the Nort Eastern Provin be further refir more acceptab cerned.
(iv) The Sri I be willing to co second stage of ment providing vince and the coming togethe being agreed up wishes of the p Northern Prov Province separ (v) The Sri I willing to cons. office of Vice-Ph by the Preside (vi) The five Eastern Provil visit India and mutual concer

15 MAY 1992
le LTTE
ruction''
For the first time, the ment imposed restricanka Tamil terrorists Indian territory. These by the Tamil Nadu
non-cooperation in itempts were made by vernment to prevent er Prabhakaran from or Jaffna, unsuccess
and Natwar Singh for further discussions he third time on 17 . No agreement could nese discussions for (a) he two provinces (the Sast) or (b) exclusion of strict from the Eastern
ministers
statement issued after per meeting, made the
S.
. Jayewardene and the isters discussed further lation of the discussions st. At the end of the e following proposals
nt territory comprising Province minus the ral District may constiastern Province.
ncial Council will be the new Eastern Pro
titutional linkages behern Province and the
ce discussed earlier will
hed in order to make it le to the parties con
anka Government will insider a proposal for a constitutional developfor the Northern Pronew Eastern Province r subject to modalities yon for ascertaining the eople comprised in the ince and the Eastern ately. ankan Government is der the creation of an esident to be appointed ut for a specified term. 5) Muslim M.P.s of the ce may be invited to to discuss matters of h with the Tamil side
under the auspices of the Government of India.
Military moves
It would appear that the LTTE was intent on scuttling the agreement that the two governments were on the verge of signing and as a means of preventing this they hit upon the notion of a unilateral declaration of Independence in the North of the Island. The Sri Lanka Government's response to this was predictably tough. In an attempt to pre-empt such a declaration, the government sent troop reinforcements into the Eastern and Northern province with instructions to clear these areas of the LTTE and other separatist groups.
The Indian Government, much perturbed by this turn of events, put considerable pressure on the Sri Lankan Government to abandon these military moves and to resume the search for a political solution. These public expressions of displeasure from New Delhi strained relations between the two countries in February and March 1987. On 14 March 1987, an Indian emissary, another Minister of State, Dinesh Singh, was sent to meet me in the hope that the political process could be revived.
The government decided to make an attempt to regain control of the Jaffna peninsula. "Operation Liberation', which began in April 1987 in the Vadamarachchi division of the NorthEastern part of the peninsula, was directed at preventing the hitherto easy movement of men and material from Tamil Nadu. By the end of May, Sri Lankan forces had gained control of this area. The LTTE, the most formidable Tamil separatist group, had suffered a serious setback, and in a region they had dominated for long.
At this point, India moved swiftly to prevent the subjugation of the Jaffna peninsula by the Sri Lanka forces. The Indian High Commissioner, J.N. Dixit, pointedly informed Lalith Athulathmudali, Minister of National Security, that India would not permit the Sri Lanka Army to take Jaffna town. The same message was conveyed to me.
An envelope
In the course of my speech at the Bank of Ceylon's new headquarters building opening on 27 May, I dwelt at some length on the Vadamarachchi operation, and the government's intention to proceed with that till the LTTE forces were defeated. In the evening, Dixit called on me at my home in Ward Place and conveyed a message from Rajiv. The gist of it was
Continued on page 29

Page 29
15 ΜΑΥ 1992
Cold War with the
in Tamil Nadu
- N. Kalyanasundaram
- a storm is brewing in Tamil Nadu engulfing the State Government and the print media at the national level over the rights and privileges of the legislature vis-a-vis the Fourth Estate.
What sparked the bitter row between the two is a rather stiff punishment pronounced by the Legislative Assembly against two correspondents and three newspaper editors on arges of breach of privilege and ntempt of the House. With the ected journalists taking the issue to. e Supreme Court, and the Legisla(re as of now unwilling to accept the leas for leniency, there is the prospect if the issue being fought to the bitter end.
Apart from the serious concern expressed by leading newspapers and organisations of editors and journalists across the country over the aggressive stand of the Assembly or for that natter, the Chief Minister, the chain of events has only exposed the high degree of intolerance on the part of politicians and public figures to any kind of adverse observation in the press.
Outbursts ag attempts to muz vent expression those in power Nadu. During t also widely-circ dailies such as and Dinamalar henchmen of pov Tamil daily Alai for holding views centres. And the instances of ha: degrees of non-p glish dailies.
In April 1987, sentenced Mr. S Editor of Ananda tial Tamil weekly imprisonment foi charge of breach House in respect to MLAs and Mi the cover page of
Now, in the cas ly, Mr. S.R. Balas of the Opposition Congress-I an e ruling AIADMK)
Continued from page 28
written by Dixit on an envelope! It read as follows:
1. Deeply disappointed and distressed.
2. Thousands of civilians killed since 1983 has aroused tremendous indignation.
3. Your latest offensive in Jaffna peninsula has altered the entire basis of our understanding.
4. We cannot accept genocide.
5. Please do not force us to review our policies.
The “review of our policies' which Dixit threatened on behalf of the Indian Government, came very quickly. There was first a public monetary grant of US$ 3.2 from the Tamil Nadu Government to the LTTE and its allies. The Indian Government, for its part, escalated the level of its own involvement in Sri Lanka when it announced that it was sending shipments of food and petroleum products to Jaffna, which, it claimed, was facing a severe shortage of these items through a blockade by the Sri Lankan forces.
Air drop
Despite the refusal of the Sri Lank
an Government t concede the need ment, in a flotilla fishing vessels, w June 1987, but wa Sri Lanka Navy. V the Indian Air violation of Intern the Sri Lankan ai and medical supp following day. All unmistakable dem support for the movement in Sri supply of food to J, the next few wee formal, but clear ment of the Sri L. In the rest of the was a mixture of war of attrition in
The demonstra and air power acl objectives. It sav, imminent destru further expansion Army's campaign chi, and reduced ernment to militan continued to give terrorist movem
LTTE.

TAMIL TIMES 29
Press
}
inst the Press and le newspapers to preof views critical of re not new to Tamil he previous regimes lated weeklies and Thuglak Kumudam, vere set upon by the erful politicians. The Dsai once fell a victim opposed to the power re have been several assment of varying artisan national En
the State-Assembly . Balasubramaniam, Vikatan, an influen, to undergo rigorous three months on a of privilege of the of a cartoon (relating nisters) published in
the magazine. e of Illustrated Weekubramaniam, Leader (and leader of the lectoral ally of the moved the motion of
) accept this offer or for it, a first shipof about 20 Indian as dispatched on 3 s turned back by the When this happened, Force in a blatant lational Law and of space, dropped food ies to Jaffna on the these constituted an onstration of Indian Tamil separatists Lanka. The Indian ffna continued over ks by sea with the y reluctant, agreeAnkan Government. country, the mood anxiety over a long the North.
ion of India's sea ieved a number of d the LTTE from tion, stopped any of the Sri Lanka after Vadamarachhe Sri Lanka Govf impotence if India
more help to the nt, especially the
privilege and that has given a leverage to the Chief Minister, Ms. Jayalalitha to argue that she is not involved in the issue at all. And there was no perceptible protest from the few who belong to the Opposition parties other than the Congress(I), either when the House accepted the Privileges Committee's recommendations for a stiff punishment or when the Speaker decided to issue the summons.
When the Ananda Vikatan Editor was sent to prison, there was a chorus of protest from the votaries of freedom of expression from all over the country and a boycott of the House proceedings by the press corps. That made the then Speaker, Mr. P.H. Pandian, who had arrogated to himself 'sky-high power," relent and order the release of Mr. Balasubramanian on the third day, of course "in deference to the wishes of the Chief Minister, M.G. Ramachandran”.
Another occasion when the Tamil Nadu Government was forced to bow before popular pressure was when the MGR regime chose to have legislation to make 'scurrilous writing a cognisable and non-bailable offence with provision for enhancement of penalty in the second and subsequent conviction. When the measure, dubbed a black bill got the Presidential assent in 1984, the entire journalistic fraternity rose as one man to fight it tooth and nail and the Act was withdrawn.
The latest bout of attack on press freedom in Tamil Nadu has highlighted the urgent need for the press to seek a lasting solution to the problem. In fact four journalists organisations in Madras have sought a discussion with the Chief Minister on the issue.
Almost all the journalists organisations reacted sharply to the punishment handed out to the Editor of the Illustrated Weekly as also the Editors of Murasoli (DMK organ) and Kovai Malaimurasu (with DMK leanings). The protest intensified with the Speaker issuing an arrest warrant against Mr. Sunil on his failure to appear before the Bar of the House to receive a reprimand. The hurt feeling among journalists is more because the directive to arrest Mr. Sunil (no more in the employ of the Illustrated Weekly) has come in spite of his having expressed regret for any offence caused to any member of the House by his writing the article in question.
Sensing the snowballing effect of the opposition to the happenings in the Assembly of the privileges issue the Chief Minister granted an interview to representatives of two journalist bodies which had attempted to sort out
Continued on page 30

Page 30
30 TAM TIMES
etter from Mannar
The Return Of Refu
from India
The issue of the return of Sri Lankan Tamil refugees in India took on a high profile following the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi. The Indian government was at first careful to send back only those refugees who wished to return voluntarily. The situation changed qualitatively after President Premadasa claimed vocally that the Sri Lankan government was adequately prepared to receive the refugees. It has been reported by recent returnees that increasing indirect pressure is being applied by Indian officials to bring about the “voluntary exodus. The pressure takes the form of shifting refugee camps on Indian soil at very short notice; non-entertainment of representations from refugees; and frequent questioning and checking. It has been said by the refugees that during the rule of the previous DMK state government, Indian administrators were very careful to act on representations made by refugees.
The Sri Lanka however at present able to cope with th the security situat the refugees from t to their villages. declined to send b fugees voluntarily o from the mainlan return did so by selves as coming frc by bribing officials. precedent was seize mainlanders were r officials as from M returned. The Sri L now find themselves the basic infrastruct for any surge of pop Island. Water is sc supply from Giant's land is cut. Since the Colombo is unusab, brought by sea and unloading are min
Continued from page 29
the various problems getting in the way of the normal functioning of the press in Tamil Nadu.
At the meeting which took place on April 18 (the arrest warrant was issued on April 20), among other things, the matter relating to the breach of privilege came up for discussion. The Chief Minister, Ms. Jayala
litha, was forthright in her assertion
that a campaign of vilification was being carried on against her by some
Continued from page 15
the distribution of aid money will now be oriented on the basis of human rights record in the receiving countries. Sri Lanka got 25 million dollars in addition to the sum it had asked for. Mainly from the American side there was even praise for the 'improvements' that have taken place in Sri Lanka during 1991.
Indications how the money will be spent immediately appeared in Colombo. Only a few days after the end of the Paris conference "The Island' published a report about plans of the Sri Lankan government to approve the demand of the air force for new bombers from China.
newspapers and m years now, and it w tolerant that she ha even the very wick
In saying that, pe litha was not trying had been subjected of attack in the yell newspapers and were opposed to he after she became C an unprecedented the vilification ca tinued in a section trolled by and sy beaten enemies of has been her grou renowned dailies pt on tendentious rep yellow journals.
At her meeting sentatives, the Chi denied rumours abc legislation to put al writings. “When anc this suggestion, sh
In fact, when she Minister, she made Assembly expressil since the opposition party ally, the Con the press would ha role of the real and to maintain the ch

gees
in government is unwilling and une returnees. Nor is ion conducive for he mainland to go (ndia too initially ack mainland rer otherwise. Those who wished to registering themm Mannar Island, Subsequently this d upon and many gistered by Indian annar Island and ankan authorities ; unable to provide ural requirements ulation on Mannar carce because the Tank on the main2 overland route to le, food has to be the facilities for imal. At present
15 MAY 1992
ships bringing supplies anchor out at sea off Thalvupaadu and small boats have to fetch the goods. Boatmen try to avoid this work because of possible damage to boats resulting from knocking against the ship in rough sea. There is next to no electric power and public transport on the Island.
Security most of all poses the deepest concern. The Tamil population, the Muslim returnees and the security forces live in mutual fear - the first having no voice against either the security forces, the Muslim militia or LTTE infiltrators. A group of Muslim returnees recently went to the Tamil refugee camp at Pesalai to check for knives and other such implements. About mid-April two Tamil civilians disappeared in the Pesalai area, one of whom had just returned from India. The Sri Lankan forces claim that they have no knowledge of the incident. The ground situation is that the army can produce a variety of alibis. In the absence of a political settlement, forcing Tamils to return from India is creating the ingredients for a major tragedy.
A Concerned Citizen
Mannar,
Sri Lanka, 5 May 1992.
agazines for some as because she was ad chosen to ignore ed attacks. rhaps, Ms. Jayalato exaggerate. She to the wildest form ow press and some magazines which ir politically. Even hief Minister with people's mandate, mpaign has conof the press, conmpathetic to the Ms. Jayalalitha. It se that even some ut up stories based orts published in
with press repre»f Minister stoutly ut her bringing in end to scurrilous where did I make } asked. started off as Chief a statement in the ng the view that minus the ruling ress(I) is meagre, ve to assume the ffective opposition ecks and balance.
However, within a few days after the declaration the ire of the rulers turned on the press and a cold war started.
The strained relationship between the press and the rulers is traced to the administration having distanced itself from the press, making access to official information difficult. The excuse, of course, is found in 'security, and thus the suffocating restrictions on journalists. While one appreciates the threat Ms. Jayalalitha is facing, one cannot really understand how that should prevent her or her Cabinet colleagues meeting representatives of the press periodically to remove misgivings and irritants. Now, the press has no access even to the Chief Secretary, head of the executive, which was never the case in the past. If misreporting occurs in the mainstream press often the authorities are to blame for it.
In the assessment of senior journalists, unbridled sycophancy prevails in such a situation, the leaders succumb to the temptation of pressuring newspapers for their political ends. Also, the over reaction of politicians to criticism which should be generally ignored, often has the effect of bringing obscure magazines to prominence and lends credence to fiction.
(The Hindu, 2.5.92).

Page 31
15 MAY 1992
The Case of Rajiv Gand Coming to Court S.
T.S. Subramanian in Madras
The most intensive investigation into any assassination in recent history will soon be wrapped up when the Special Investigation Team (SIT) of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), probing the murder of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, files the charge-sheet before May 21, the first anniversary. The trial will begin soon after and is expected to last about eight months.
'We have cracked the case,' said a CBI official. SIT officials are now consulting legal experts in preparing the charge-sheet under various sections of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) and the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act (TADA Act).
According to CBI officials, there is enough evidence to name the leader of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, V. Prabakaran, as the No. 1 accused and the group's intelligence chief, Pottu Amman, as the No. 2 accused.
Twentyone others will be named as the accused. They are: Murugan, Bhagyanathan, Padma, Nalini, Sankar, Robert Pius, Perarivalan, Jeyakumar, Suba Sundaram, Kanagasabapathy, Athirai, Vijayan, Bhaskaran, Chinna Santhan, Rangan alias Rajasuriya, Ranganathan, Irumporai, Dhanasekaran, Ravichandran, Mahesh and Vicky alias Vigneswaran.
All of them are now in detention under various sections of the TADA Act. Of them, nine are Indians. Padma
is the mother of Bhagyanathan and
Nalini. Suba Sundaram is a portly photographer whose studio was the rendezvous for LTTE men. Perarivalan and Irumporai are Dravida Kazhagam activists. Ranganathan is an industrialist from Bangalore who let out his house to Sivarajan, Subha and five others who were cornered there. Ravichandran and Mahesh belonged to the Tamil National Retrieval Front, trained by the LTTE to fight for an independent Tamil Nadu.
According to a legal expert, filing of the charge-sheet would amount to a virtual announcement that the police have completed the investigation. According to Section 173(2)(i) of the Criminal Procedure Code, the chargesheet should list the names of the parties; the nature of the charge; the names of persons acquainted with the circumstances of the case; whether any offence appeared to have been
committed whether t arrested; w released on with or with he/she had under Sectio
The legal could be cha (conspiracy and Section the Explosiv tion 3 of the a terrorist a the Govern strike terro affect harm tions of peo mite or othe firearms, et
With the deadline set the Designa and Pottu A selves, a qui tried in abse
In India, absentia, as any form of brought be charge-shee there are se case and son the case of been caught ately. Such custody ind police are no accused. Thi that the tria the presence him to defer
But SIT whether Pri man would According to been built u basis of info. who was arr few days Sankar pro through whe that Sivaraj the assassin who provide jan's identit was "one-eye
There is r the LTTE st ten by Gunc Prabakaran. boat in mid The letters, to Jaffna by

TAM TIMES 31 ,
hi's Murder
OOη
and, if so, by whom; he accused had been nether he/she had been bond and, if so, whether out sureties; and whether een remanded to custody In 170. expert said the 21 accused rged under Section 120 (B) to commit an illegal act) 302 (murder) of the IPC, e Substances Act and SecTADA Act - which defines ct as "an intent to overawe ment established by law or r in people or adversely ony among different secple by using bombs, dynaer explosive substances or
expiry of the February 28 by S.M. Siddickk, Judge of ted Court, for Prabakaran mman to surrender themestion arises: Can they be entia?
no accused can be tried in serted the legal expert. In trial the accused must be fore the court and the t should name him. If veral accused persons in a he of them are absconding, those accused who have must be handled separ
persons cannot be kept in
efinitely just because the table to nab all the other s is based on the principle al must get under way in of the accused to enable ld himself, he added.
officials declined to say abakaran and Pottu Amd be tried in absentia. them, 'solid’ evidence had lp against the two on the rmation given by Sankar, ested near Vedaranyam a after the assassination. vided the earliest breaken he revealed to the police an was the brain' behind ation; it was again Sankar d the vital clue to Sivaray - that the mastermind d'.
more evidence implicating upremo - the letters writdu Santhan (now dead) to , which were seized from a -sea by the Indian Navy. which were being ferried Irumporai, detailed the
difficulties faced by the LTTE in Tamil Nadu when the group's network was busted after the assassination.
Chinna Santhan will be the main witness for it was from his room in Kodambakkam in Madras that the police seized Sivarajan's diaries which throw light on the assassination.
"This is one of the cleanest, fairest investigations based only on truth as estabished by evidence,' said D.R. Karthikeyan, chief of the SIT. We followed up whatever the clues and evidence pointed to, he said.
Karthikeyan denied there was any political interference in the investigation. There has been no political interference at all at any level. We were strictly asked to go only on the basis of evidence, facts and law. There were no conjectures, presumptions or speculation.'
Other SIT officials also asserted: "We were never swayed by any political consideration.' No one was arrested unless there was irrefutable evidence that he was linked with the assassination.
When the SIT began its investigation, it had a challenging task. But photographer Haribabu's camera, which miraculously survived the blast triggered by the belt-bomb assassin Dhanu, provided vital clues.
The investigations suffered a setback early on when N. Shanmugam of Vedaranyam, who had helped the LTTE smuggle and store weapons, escaped from the SIT's custody and was found hanging from a tree. Undeterred by the controversy surrounding his death, the investigators pressed ahead.
The hunt for Sivarajan and Subha ended in August 1991, an eventful, bloody month. The SIT, with the help of the Tamil Nadu police, busted the LTTE's grenade-manufacturing factory in Coimbatore and its wireless communication network in Tiruchi. Then there was a spate of suicides by cornered LTTE men. One climax came on August 20, when Sivarajan and Subha committed suicide as the SIT was preparing to storm their hideout on the outskirts of Bangalore.
With the manhunt virtually over in August last year, the SIT busied itself with the deskwork, culling out evidence and questioning the accused and others to prepare the ground for filing the charge-sheet.
Five months ago, when the investigation was at its peak, the SIT had a staff of 100 officers including Karthikeyan (Inspector-General), four Deputy Inspectors-General, eight Super
Continued on page 32

Page 32
32 TAMILTIMES
NEWS NBREF
O LEADERS OF three left political parties, Bernard Soysa (LSSP). K.P. Silva (CP) and Y.P. De Silva (SILMP) in a press release said: "We have eliable information of a threat to the ives of persons in the leadership of everal political parties. Given the leveloping situation it is possible to 'onclude that the planned assassination that is disclosed in this information is part of a larger plan in which several other political parties too are under threat. In view of our assessment of the source of this danger, we have after very close consideration decided that this information should be made known to the public'. O MAWA SENATHIRAJAH, TULF MP, recently said that the government should not avoid putting forward its own proposals for the solution of the ethnic problem. The LTTE was expecting an alternative solution to that of Eelam, and therefore it would be desir
Continued from page 31
intendents of Police and SubInspectors working round-the-clock to crack the case. Now, it has about 40 officers at work.
The LTTE wanted to carry out the perfect murder. But is there any such thing?", asked an SIT official, not without some pride at cracking the case of one of the most ghastly crimes of the century.
(Frontline, May 22, 1992).
able to enter into them.
OTEN SOLDERS in were killed when ambushed an army I in Vankalai in Manr April. In the ensuin; the Tigers and the se army claimed that m were killed.
O DR. NACHINARKI of the Jaffna Red Cr the press that, due to scarcity of essential f north, the children
years there have bee pected weight, and til able malnutrition a 1989, 18 percent of th found to be below w creased to 23 percent the present situation percentage of underwould increase. 9000 food that was being se not sufficient to meet people. Hospitals in t short of essential drug
O NNE TOWNS in district were plunged from 17 April followin; of several electricity the Tigers. In a series LTTE destroyed the Ondachchimadam, K Then nativu, Put Munaiti v u , Ko v j Kalathaweli, Kiranku kudah.
O THE SECURITY foi 11 boats belonging
Continued from page 5
Javad anguishes over the fact that it was the Muslim villagers who gave refuge to Tiger cadres before the peace talks were initiated between the militants and the government. With the breakdown of the 13-month peace dialogue in June 1990 the Muslims became one of the Tigers' main targets. “Why don't they tell us what they
really want says Javad who insists
that the Muslims are prepared to listen, if only the Tigers would stop attacking them.
The Tigers see the Muslims as government collaborators' says a senior citizen of Batticaloa.
Like many other Tamils in Batticaloa he sees the rift between the Muslims and Tamils becoming wider and wider. It is like a family divided. The demand for regional autonomy was for one linguistic group. But the legitimacy of that demand does not hold any
more he says with the violent clashes.
between the two sides.
Having driven the north he feels that determined to drivet east as well.
While Javad clair need "hundreds of so men to accompany move through Tami civilians counter clai protection too wh through Muslim vil trict.
The argument is Tamil families in th cultural centre in N kms. from Kattanku
These families ha two years surviving rations. They refuse their village which udy and from whe have been driven out mobs.
In Batticaloa wh third of the countr own a large acreage

15 MAY 1992
dialogue with
uding an officer Tamil Tigers trol at Thalladi r district on 18 battle between urity forces, the ny Tiger cadres
YAR, President ss recently told he war and the od items in the porn in recent below the exere is considernong them. In e children were 2ight which inin 1991, and if continued, the weight children metric tons of nt monthly was the needs of the he district were
S.
the Batticaloa into darkness g the blowing up transformers by s of attacks, the transformers at alawanchikudy, h ku diir u ppu, | Poraiti vu, lam and Thala
'ces claimed that to the Tigers,
which were engaged in laying mines in the sea 8 miles off the northern Walvettiturai coast were destroyed by the Navy on 19 April and in the process many Tigers were also killed. The LTTE claimed that all the boats which were sunk were civilian fishing boats. K. Navaratnam, EPRLF MP, In the course of a speech in parliament said that, in the sea off Point Pedro about 6 to 7 miles from the shore, over 20 fishermen who went fishing in small vallams were shot and killed by the Navy. O SANGARAPILLA BALACHANDRAN was sentenced to two years rigorous imprisonment (suspended for 10 years) after pleading guilty to a charge under the Prevention of Terrorism Act of failing to give information about Varathan, who was suspected of involvement in the bomb attack on the headquarters of the Joint Operations Command in Colombo last year. Balachandran was indicted of having failed to provide information to the police that Warathan of the LTTE had aided the JOC bomb explosion and that Kuvendran Dharmalingam, P.A. Cader and Chandrasekeran gave protection to Varathan during the period June 28 and July 3, 1991.
O A SPOKESMAN for the Tamil group, PLOTE, claimed that some Tiger activists in Switzerland attacked members of the PLOTE wounding three of them as they participated in a May Day rally at Zurich. In the ensuing clash three of the Tiger supporters were also injured, the spokesman claimed.
Wuslims from the the Tigers are hem out from the
ns that Muslims diers and policehem when they villages, Tamil in that they need en they move ages in the dis
reinforced by 86 2 half completed vatkudah, a few ly. re lived here for on government to move back to orders Kattank2 they say they thrice by Muslim
ch provides one 's rice, Muslims of the rice fields,
some of them farming as much as 600 to 700 acres where Tamils traditionally provided the labour. But with the Tigers controlling the area across the lagoon where the fields are located, the Muslims have lost all control. According to a military official most of the fields have been carved into smaller plots and farmed out to the Tamil civilians by the Tigers. The same thing has happened to the hundreds of head of cattle owned by the Muslims. It is the Tamils who milk these cows and bring the milk to the collecting centre, he says. The resentment of the Muslims therefore according to him, is understandable.
But where does the solution lie with an estimated 800 hardcore militants operating in and around Batticaloa ambushing security patrols at will, killing Muslims and resorting to extortion to fill their depleted coffers.
"Bring them back to the negotiating table' says Joseph. And therein he sees the answer.

Page 33
15 MAY 1992
SRI LANKAN CRISIS AND INDIA'S RESPONSE:
Edited by V. Suryanarayan, Patriot Publishers, New Delhi, Rs. 110.
India's first reaction to the latest military offensive in Sri Lanka's Tamil province was a studied silence. All the same it would be unwise to predict whether or not India will continue to remain mum if and when the Sri Lankan Army begins an assault on Jaffna as part of this offensive.
The more one is conversant with the changing style and substance of Delhi’s global diplomacy the less sure one tends to be on critical matters such as these. It should also be remembered in this context that the political turbulence in Sri Lanka had quite often upset India's calculations in the past. Not surprisingly, therefore, Delhi's post-Rajiv policy towards the lingering ethnic crisis in Sri Lanka is still in the melting pot. All that can now be said is that Colombo's confused policy on the Tamil question is of receding relevance
to the evolution of Delhi's new foreign
policy in the unfolding post-Soviet period.
In spite of this new ground reality it can still be argued, of course, that the most recent phase of diplomatic lull on the Indo-Sri Lankan front is, in a sense, a sign of India's growing political maturity in dealing with the Tamil problem of its southern neighbour.
The current phase of India's seemingly benign neglect of the Tamil question in Sri Lanka is a case of reflex-reaction to the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi. One cannot, of course, bet on the continuity of this policy of benign neglect. All the same it is clear that the Foreign Office in New Delhi has taken due note of the available evidence which could indict the LTTE for plotting and executing the evil deed.
It is in this relatively new context that India's response to the continuing crisis in Sri Lanka will be of immense interest to diplomats, academics and the casual readers alike. Unfortunately, however, the book under review consists of seminar papers that were prepared one year ago. In fact it passes one's comprehension why the editoracademic of this thin volume - who has a track record of keeping himself abreast of the developments on the Indo-Sri Lankan front - chose to put these papers together in September 1991, over three months after Rajiv
Gandhi’s assa mandatory upc Aware of Suryanarayan that “the pape 1991, naturall recent happen tions and the arguments, sti point that car aside and the b period-specific
M.K. Rasgot mood in his "int tion of essays. (during Indira the Sri Lanka came over all ask me as a fri India's Foreign India was conte Sri Lanka) and do to avert the
Commenting marche” (Rasgo says that 'it sig a critical time, tween the two highest professi to narrate: "On Gandhi's author sure my Sri La such catastroph took the opportu the Sri Lankan part, would be option of relying resolve the Tam
This episode ( "trust' raises an to whether Inc Narasimha Rao same degree of S despite the rece role in the initia SAARC summit place in Colomb does give the imp abrasive leader was either befor ated the so-calle asserting India's not hegemony. more useful to tl had indicated as dira Gandhi rea ans in response comical but for it
The seven pap wide spectrum o attention of seri Sri Lankan rel interest is N. R Prabhakaran's perhaps written 1991). Drawing ( sional knowledg deeds of the L Velupillai Pral makes a telling
 

TAMIL TIMES 33
sination, without the te. his anomaly Mr. V. says in his "Preface' s, prepared in March do not cover the more ngs, but the assumprationale behind the remain valid.' It is a not be easily brushed Iok should be read as a ompilation. 'a is in a reminiscent oduction' to this collecHe says: "At one stage Gandhi's premiership) n Foreign Secretary he way to personally nd - at the time I was Secretary - whether mplating an attack (on what Sri Lanka should same.'
on this "unusual detra’s own phrase) he lified the existence, at of a certain trust beForeign Offices at the onal levels.' He goes on Prime Minister Indira ity, I was able to reasnkan friend that no e was in the offing. I nity to emphasise that Government on their wise to eschew the g on military force to il problem.'
of a certain degree of intriguing question as lia, under Mr. P.V. will now enjoy the ri Lanka's confidence nt storm over Delhi's postponement of the that eventually took o. After all Mr. Rao ression of being a less than Indira Gandhi or after she enunciIndira doctrine' by regional supremacy if It would have been e readers if Rasgotra to when exactly Insured the Sri Lankto a query that was s seriousness. rs in the book cover a issues and merit the us students of Indotions. Of particular Lim's “Understanding LTTE' (which was even before March 1 his intimate profesof the ways and TE and its leader, nakaran, N. Ram comment: “As the
LTTE's Supreme Commander, his (Prabhakaran's) supreme moral accountability was to the ghosts of his comrades as much as to any (political) future (of the Sri Lankan Tamils).
N. Ram's forthright conclusion in this period-specific paper, written well before Rajiv Gandhi's assassination, is also worth noting today — if you will, às an index of the complex unpredictability of the LTTE's actions. He says:. "After the IPKF experience, there is no danger of any serious section of political opinion in India romanticising the cause of Eelam and the image of thé Sri Lankan Tamil militant. But it won't do to demonise the LTTE and its single-minded gifted leader.'
S. Chandrasekharan has, in his essay on the Thimpu talks, tried to give what is called "an authentic account of the India-brokered parleys between the representatives of the Sri Lankan government and the Tamil groups in the Bhutanese capital in 1985. But the article is not an inside story. It may be useful to those unfamiliar with the dynamics of political diplomacy.
An interesting aspect of the collection of essays is the attention paid to the Cinderella of the Indo-Sri Lankan scene - the people of Indian origin in Sri Lanka. There is also a chapter on the implications of the Sri Lankan crisis for the politics of Tamil Nadu. Thomas Abraham has given a journalistic overview of the emerging trends as he saw them in March last year.
In a chapter replete with references to the viewpoint of others - which tend to rob the editor of his share of authenticity - he makes an observation (apparently, his own) that has not been overtaken by the subsequent events so far. He says: "The track record of the LTTE with New Delhi and ruling parties in Tamil Nadu clearly shows that while the LTTE is prepared to take assistance from all quarters, it displays scant regard for Indian sensitivities. An act of defiance/ intransigence, the LTTE leadership seems to think, is the hallmark of a revolutionary; but in the case of Sri Lankan Tamils, alienation of India, their natural friend, could lead to considerable difficulties.
On the whole, despite the printing errors and the uneven editing, it is a book for the truly patient specialists.
P.S. Suryanarayana.
Private Tuition Pure/Applied Mathematics, Statistics, Physics O/A Level. Homes visited.
Tel: O81 864 3227

Page 34
34 TAMIL TIMES
REEMERGENCE OF
THE TULF
I REFER to the above captioned article on page 4 of the 15th March 1992 issue of your esteemed journal.
I take strong exception to some of the matters mentioned by your Colombo correspondent and specially to the last paragraph of her piece. She stated that the TULF is the only party that didn't take to the gun'. This statement is as preposterous as it is untrue.
(1) The TULF has been held to be a militant organisation by the Sansoni Commission, which sat to inquire into the racial disturbances following the General Elections of 1977.
(2) The Tamil Eelam National Army (TENA) was the military wing of the TULF and was headed by one of the two sons of the late A. Amirthalingam. (3) I was one of the candidates at the 1977 General Elections and was a witness to the speeches made on many TULF platforms exhorting the Tamil youth to militancy and violence. (4) If there is one Tamil party (however insignificant it may be in the eyes of your correspondent) which did not take to the gun, it is the All Ceylon Tamil Congress.
Your correspondent is also wrong when she says that the TULF 'is one of the very few Tamil parties that has been consistent in its stance that the military option must not be pursued'. In fact, it is the position of every single
Tamil political party and, I dare say, of . every single Tamil, that a military
option must not be pursued and that an acceptable devolution package must be offered to the Tamils.
By the way, at the 1989 General Elections, no TULF candidate was returned. It is only today by the effluxion of time, that the TULF can count on two members of Parliament.
Your correspondent has every right to want to build up the TULF, if that is indeed her brief. But she cannot ignore bald facts and try to re-write history.
Trying to whitewash our sins has been the curse of the Tamils.
G.G. Ponnambalan (Jr.) General Secretary, All Ceylon Tamil Congress, Colombo 7, Sri Lanka.
RAJIV'S IN our democrat one is not guilty u is wiser that your the issue of Raj Court of law rat Investigative jour provided that you, independent do which harm the T
If the articles journal are true, after eighteen mc has been brought openly suggested 1 ly responsible for forgetting that h nowadays be bou, pense. Organisatic tical ambitions tw. their own cause.
One time great low that they beca tried to overthrow ernment. Those c. leased from jail h Sinhalese army as ing their own Tam
You are well ad your efforts on ma rather than being purely speculative those politicians large financial ai starving poor but future political sta
Pick your jour to the Tamil caus think that by dis they can pickups table. You have r a mission of an assuming that b. you will substitut tem which in n exist.
One day whe Rajiv are caugh have to swallow tell you, it will be too if my views a
Green Lane, Southal, Middix. U. K.
FAIR C
IWISH to comm both views rega your journal of Tamils in the Ha "Defence of the Politically Repre comment.
However, I a Sinhala extremis ter article in I
 

15 MAY 1992
MURDER
system of justice, til proven. Hence it serve judgement on f's murder to the er than speculate. alism is not wrong while claiming to be ot publish articles mil cause. published in your one wonders why nths, no individual to trial. You have hat LTTE was solehe murder of Rajiv ired assassins can iht at no great exns which have polist the stories to suit
PLOT went down so me mercenaries and the Maldevian Govaught and later reave now joined the hired assassins killlil brethren.
vised to concentrate atters such as these a judge and jury on
issues. Write about
begging India for ld not to feed the t to organise their tus.
halists who are loyal e and not those who (crediting the LTTE, craps from under the ecently embarked on i-LTTE propaganda getting rid of them e an alternative sysly opinion does not
the real killers of , you will probably our own words. I can hard. Perhaps for me re wrong.
R. Shoban
OMMENT
nd you on presenting rding the LTTE in 15 April - "Fate of lds of the Tigers' and igers is Morally and lensible'. This is fair
not sure whether is would use the laturliament and else
where to attack the Tamils. It is a pity that Tamils are fighting Tamils instead of presenting a solid united front. I hope things would change.
Lt. Col. Anton J.N. Selvadurai
Stoke-on-Trent, U.K.
TAMILS AND INDIA
I RECEIVED a copy of your journal ( 15 March 1992) from a Sri Lankan Tamilian friend who lives in the UK with a letter from him which expressed anxiety over the future of his parents and sister and her children who have been living in Tamil Nadu since 1985. He fears for the safety of his relatives if returned to Sri Lanka following the decision of the authorities here to repatriate the Sri Lankan Tamilian refugees to their country.
However what intrigued me most in your journal was the news report under the title "Tigers to Take India Before World Court”. Perhaps the Tiger spokesman Mr. Anton Balasingham to whom this statement is attributed is ignorant of international law relating to how matters are brought up before the International Court of Justice. Neither the Tigers nor their expatriate supporters can take any matter before the Court. Only the government of a State recognised by the United Nations can do so.
The LTTE has caused enough damage to the interests of the Tamilians of Sri Lanka by their actions on Indian soil. Until recently, all Indians from north to south and east to west, all political parties and the state and central governments have been in full sympathy with our Tamilian brothers in Sri Lanka. Sadly this situation has now changed, even here in Tamil Nadu, and our brothers must realise that this is entirely due to the actions of the LTTE.
Those Sri Lankan Tamils living abroad should realise that by adopting a hostile position towards India, they are only hurting their own people, including my friend's family members. R. Varatharajan Mylapore, Madras 600004.
FOR SALE
Large Double Fronted Sub-Post Office in London NW6, highly modernised, new counter, issuing road tax, for sale. Salary £38,000 per annum. Stationery and Cards 500 per Week. Tremendous scope. Leasehold £120,000. Freehold negotiable. Sale due to ill-health of partner. Business in same hands for 15 years. Box E 53 cyo Tamil Times.

Page 35
15 MAY 1992
Closing date for completed grid and coupon to be received is
30 June 1992.
Answers and the name of the winner - first all correct entry pulled out of a bag - will be announced in the July 1992 issue.
The winner will receive a prize of £20.00 sterling. All entries should be sent to; Tamil Times, P.O. Box 121,
Sutton, Surrey SM13 TD, UK.
Across. 1. Sacred syllable which typifies the Hindu triumvirate Brahma, Vishnu and Siva (2) 3. A Himalayan massif in Nepal (9) 11. President of his country since 1963 but he is no relation of Sri Lanka's 'Sinhala Only premier (5) 13. A game of hide and seek for young children (2-4) 14. They live in a world of fantasy and illusions (8) 16. Below proof-alcohol, abb. (2) 17. One of two objects used as Oracles, the other is Thummim, Old Testament (4)
18. South American people of the Andes including the Incas (7)
21. Manipulates in a fraudulent
manner (4)
22. Prefixed to 'hill' indicates an
arduous task (2)
嚮 Flow in an undulating manner 24. Heap in a muddle (4)
裔 One-hundredth of a kip in Laos
26. Office Assistant larly in Sri Lanka (2) popularly 27. Touchdown briefly (2) 28. Again or afterwards (3) 31. A major workers union organisation in Britain, abb. (3) 32. Deep brownish crimson (6) 33. A particular variety of plantain used for cooking (3) 34. Refrigerated compartment for keeping frozen food (6) 36. Top pupil in a class or school in Scotland (3) 38. Youth Training Club (3)
39. Wellknown rock fortress in Sri Lanka (8) 41 Percentage deducted for goods liable to shrink or leak (7) 42. A community's bounteous mother - alma mater (6) 43. Birds of the air build them in So many fascinating ways (5)
DOWn:
1. Hard-heartedly (10) 2. Wedded (7) 3. Sri Lanka's sacred mountair (5,4) 4. Non-aligned Movement, abb. (3) 5. Sudden (6)
6. An affectation (4) 7. North Indian state, abb. (2) 8. Reference briefly (2) 9, Vague or lacking in form or shape (8) 10, Mountain system that extends from Quebec in Canada to central Alabama in the US (12) 12. A horsey expression (5) 15. Largely tropical (10) 19. Weep (3) 20. - Chi Minh City in Vietnam (2) 29 An art style associated with 39 Across (6) 30. He could be from North or th America or even from Asia 31. What an aircraft does after 27 Across to reach the disembarkation point (6) 32. The world cricket body, abb. (3) 35. Concerns the ear (4) 37. Persuade (4) 40. Short general (2) 41. Musica note (2)
Continued from page 27
Deputy Inspect was asked why
frightened the JVP. This was a force which operated both within and outside the framework of democracy, and with a powerful figure of the ability and motivation of Udugampola behind them. In time, Udugampola moved from the Southern to the Northcentral and then to the Central Province, introducing this strategy to those who were left to command. Udugampola's estimate was accurate. At a time when everybody predicted that the JVP had come to stay, DIG Premadasa Udugampola predicted that they would be doomed by the end of 1989. In time the Udugampola strategy, "fighting the enemy, their way was adopted by the security forces engaged in anti-JVP operations. In this war, Udugampola was the theoretician and the protagonist.
Udugampola - the protagonist
The author met the most feared law enforcement officer Premadasa Udugampola in an attempt to fathom his thinking and his actions. When the
him as the most less enemy, he incorrect in cat manner. I was 0 hard on them. I Regime to come killings. It wou troyed our cultu
Both Udugam mies claim that motivated him t towards the ene claimed to the au police officer witl never allow my It was a shock to bearing on my
WP. I act ration Referring to his a shock to me. happen to be my his wife and the are all victims commitment tow JVP militancy, “Giving into fea wrong at a tim

QUIZ CROSSWORDS - No. 16. Compiled by Richards
TAM TIMES 35
2 5 7 B 9 O
3
4.
7 8
21 2 3
24 5 6
27 8
3
B4 6 f
3
Quiz Crosswords - 14: Solutions.
Across: 1. Scorpio. 6. Crab. 10. Ah. 11. Urn. 12. Papua. 13. Give. 15. EP. 16. Gl. 17. ICI. 18. Aquarius. 20. Ragu. 21.Libra. 22 Tag. 24. Oil. 25. Ce.26. Agog. 28. Box. 29. Ra. 30. Ely. 31. LA. 33. IRBM. 35. Cancer. 38. Pisces. 40. Hoi. 41. St. 43. No. 44. Nile. 46. Axis. 47. Taurus.
Down: 1. Sagitarius. 2. Chic. 3. Rue. 4. PR. 5. iniquity. 6. Capricorn. 7 RP. 8. Augur. 9. Balsam. 12. Peal. 14. Virgo. 18. Ago. 19. Ibex. 23. Agar. 27. Gemini. 31. Leo. 32. Aries. 34. BP. 35. Cent. 36. Asia. 37. Cher. 39. SOS. 42. Ta. 45. Lu.
Winner: Brian Selvadurai, 6 Lord's Court, St John's Wood Road, London
NW87HD.
or General of Police the JVP considered dangerous and ruthsaid, "They are not egorising me in that ine who dropped very did not want a Pol Pot and promote a lot of ld have totally desre.' pola's friends and ene, his mother's death (o adopt this attitude my, but Udugampola thor, “I am a seasoned n 33 years of service. I neart to rule the head. me, but it never had a activities against the ally, not emotionally.” family he said: "It was Unfortunately they mother, my brother, ir two children. They of terrorism." On his rards eradicating the Udugampola said: psychosis was quite e when the country
needed you. At such a moment, you should sacrifice yourself. You should not let your compatriots down.'
The DIG perceived his enemy in a new perspective and a new dimension. When he was questioned whether he believed that the JVP had a genuine grievance he claimed, "no, the government on several occasions invited them for talks. The President publicly said that he was prepared to meet them; he even said that, he was prepared to come alone and meet them wherever they wanted to and even without his security. But the JVP opted for arms struggle; what they wanted was nothing but power.’ This protagonist will go down in history as the man who fought a revolutionary movement which operated on the principle of fear psychosis by instilling fear into them and as a man who successfully copied enemy strategy in destroying them. In fact the first question Wijeweera asked the Ops combine team which apprehended him was, "Are you from Kandy?' Udugampola had even terrified the leader and the military commander of the JVP.

Page 36
36 TAMIL TIMES
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OBTUARIES
Mrs. Sivapackiam Kanagalingam (65), beloved wife of the late Mr. S. Kanagalingam, retired Principal, Government Training College, Colombogan, Jaffna; loving mother of Shadhadcharan, Panchadcharan and lyankaran (all of Sri Lanka); cousin of the late Mrs. Balambal Rasanayagam, Mahadevan (New Zealand), Sahadevan (Colombo), Rajadevan
(Toronto), Vamadevan (Colombo) and Mrs.
Neelambal Viyakesparan, passed away in
Colombo on 18th May 1992 and was cre
mated on 19th May. — 18 Jayawardena
Avenue, Dehiwela, Sri Lanka.
IN ME
In memory of Mrs. Mal who passed away on,
Just as you were You will always stay Loved and rememb Every Day Sadly missed and daughters Menakai, Sons-in-law Thanabal, am; grand children Su am, Sinanee, Subet Tilly, Arjunan and grea Kumaran, Luximi, Rad Jason, Sarangan, Dha Jannanie. - 23 Arthur 01890, USA.
lin everloving memory c Kandiah on the seco passing away on 12.5. membered by his belo and loving children Tha) 29 Mounston Close, Ha pool TS26 OLR, U.K.
Mrs. Ratnadevi Manda kan, Sri Lanka.
Born: 1 1. f. 1918
Your love and aff Cherish.
Sadly missed and fo fourth anniversary of he children, grandchildre daughters-in-law. - 'G down Park Tunbridge V U.K.
 
 
 
 
 

15 MAY 1992
WORAM
heswary Sabaratnam) 21 May 1989.
f
ered
'ondly remembered by
Sarojini, Sakuntala; Sothi, Sivaramalingmathy, Sritharan, Srirhira, Shanthi, Vanee, tgrand children Gajan, ha, Jonathan, Jennifer, irshini and Maheswary Street, Winchester, MA
of Dr. Parameswaran hd anniversary of his 1990. Sorrowfully reved wife Pathmasany yalan and Pathanjalirtside Grange, Hartle
lanayagam, Chunna.
Died 17.5.88 action we will ever
indly remembered on rpassing away by her in, sons-in-law and treenacres', 63 SanVells, Kent, TN24RT,
S.R. Remembered
Affectionately S.R. Kanaganayagam was Ayah to his friends and relatives, S.R. to his peers and 'Senator' to his visitors. All of them without exception, held this son of Jaffna in great esteem. It is three years this month since Mr. Kanaganayagam passed away suddenly in the bosom of his daughter's family in Australia, the news was received with great shock and a sense of tremendous loss.
it was my privilege and that of my children to know S.R. and his family during his latter years as a counselor, friend and a fellow alumnus of Jaffna College. Together and with a number of others from Vaddukoddai and the surrounding villages, we spoke for the role the great institution should play for the larger interests of the Tamils and advocated the creation of a Community College. His love for his alma mater was unquestionable and it had all the marks and characteristics of the Bicknellian ideals which was total commitment to the needs and Welfare of the entire community.
He was one of Sri Lanka's most aCConplished lawyers. Wherever he went or whatever Court in which he appeared he made a dramatic impact with not only his brilliant advocacy but with his equable sense of humour as well. He was never ruffled, always bonhomous and ready-witted and was an epitome of courtesy.
He was loved by his clients and no doubt equally loathed by litigants who found his cross-examination an exhausting experience. His was a legal brain that would have taken him to the highest judicial position in the country, if he had so desired. But he loved his roots in Jaffna and was not one who sought power and position with an avidity.
In court he had a mannerism that gave confidence to his clients and his art of cross-examination was unique in many ways. A witness has to be honest to have a Chance to survive his questions and to Mr. Kanaganayagam, a trial was a judicial inquiry in which facts were presented for a just decision with the right of legal representation for the parties in the action. It was not a stage for acrimonious battles.
Mr. Kanaganayagam led an organised life and gave his children all the ideals of a good father. He had a very kind and supportive wife who was a source of sheer inspiration to him. She was his greatest joy and he prided in it. He had a special love for children - everybody's children. His colleagues knew that in hin their families had a trusted friend and he was a much loved doyen of the Jaffna Bar.
Continued on page 37

Page 37
s, 15 MAY 1992
Continued from page 36
in many ways a traditional and a lover of the arts and the rich attributes of the Tamil Culture, Mr. Kanaganayagam's advice was sought by many on various matters of community interests. He was a member of the Senate where he distinguished himself as an able debator and a good parliamentarian. He saw the future of the Tamils within a national egalitarian system rather than that of narrow fundamentalism but was consigned to the sideline with those who watched helplessly the political and economic ruination of the country. -
But he stayed among his people right in the heart of Jaffna City through all the turmoil they were undergoing. When he embarked on his flight to Australia for a well-deserved holiday, none of us suspected that it was going to be his first stage of a journey that was eventually going to end up in the regions of immortality. His was a life well lived - lived as a good family man, a good friend and a useful citizen. Those of us who knew him have a part of him within us and are very much blessed and richer for it.
Richards Karunairajan.
FORTHCOMING EVENTS June 4 Chathurthi. June 11 Ekathashi June 13 8.00pm Suriya Kumari presents 'Singing Hearts & Dancing Feet" at Purcell Room, South Bank Centre, London SE1. Tel: 071 928 8800. June 14 Full Moon. June 20 7.00pm Samarpanam of Vocal Recital by Miss Sujaya Chandran at Shree Ghanapathy Temple, 123-133 Effra Road, London SW19. All welcome. June 21 1.00pm International Tamil Foundation's 4th Anniversary Lunch and Lecture by Christopher Morris, B. B. C. & Guardian Correspondent in Colombo at Putney Leisure Centre, Upper Richmond Road, London SVV15. Tes: O734 429467. June 25 7.30pm Asian Music Circle presents Ravi Shankar on Sitar at Royal Festival Hall, South Bank Centre, London SE1. Tel: 071928 8800.
June 30 Ammavasai
At the Bhavan Centre, 4A Castletown Road, London W14 9HQ. Tel: 071 381 3O86,4608
June 65.30pm Mahabharata Lecture by Sri Mathoor Krishnamurti. June 7 7.00pm Tagore Songs & Dance by Bhavans Teachers, Staff & Students. All Weicorne. June 197.45pm Kuchipudi Dance by Swapmasundari.
June 20 5.30pm Mahabharata Lecture by Sri Mathoor Krishnamurti. June 26 7.45pm Veena Recital by Geetha RaО. June 27 7.00pm Bharata Natyam by Keshava Nrityashala. June 28 6.30pm Sitar by Shiva Taralaghatti.
Tamil Radio Programme Starting from 24th May 1992 on Love FM (Voice of North London) 100.8 FM, Sundays from 9 to 11pm. For details Tel: 081 904 5939.
Sujaya's Voca ln Sanskrit, 'Su' mean, notes something ausp one who attains victory, Selvi Sujaya Chandran ascended the stage anc ence On that red lette career, the 18th of Apri
The Lord Mountbattel packed well before the was well set with ar. bedecked with multico thernums placed on m: Tanjore lamps, with G portrait watching bless youngster's performanc Sujaya's good vocale gnana were evident the the Kaanada Varnan raga touches in Nattai, scale ragas Ranjani an out as a potentially ou ragam kaliyani was not the thanan Which foli order for one who is just the teen-age category. tlessly rendered. In th Saveri, Sиjaya appear reach herself, although swaraprasthara were 'thukkadas Aaduthu F vagandharistood out. T ragas like Desika Thod in the further Tanni Co. lowed and of rag yam, Narayana were pleasing is indeed a tribute to Saraswathy Packiarajal composer was reveale thillana.
Dr. Srinathi Lakshm Self on the violin with á delectable portrayal of tharas.
The percussion duo Sivarajah on Mirutha Shanker on the ghata crisp fare. Selvi Gay provided the tampura pering of the event we jubhashini.
Towards the close, re showered on Sujaya, D. guest describing her as such power, talent and Krishnamoorthy extollin
 

TAMIL TIMES 37
| Arangetram
S 'Sobanam" and de
icious, Jaya" means So, true to her name, Cane to the Bhavan, d conquered the audir day in her musical l, 1992.
Auditorium wasjamstant time. The stage appropriate decor, loured fresh chrysanagnum vases and tall oddess Saraswathi's ingly, as it were, the e.
endowment and Sruthi nonent She started Nera Namrnithi. The Vasantha and the full di Abhieri marked her !standing artiste. The so well delineated but Dwed was of a high a newly entrante Ver tO The pallavi was faule next raga Suddha ed, however to overthe neraval ånd the vel handled. Of the 'ar in Karnataka Dehe nuances of difficult and Sindhu Bhairavi mpositions which foan in the Sai Bhajan ly brought out, which her Guru Srinathi whose prowess as a
d in her Sivaranjani
Jayan excelled herppropriately brief but agas and Swarapras
Nathamani Sri Muthu ngam and Sri Ravi n offered a rich and atri Manikkavasagan upport. A neat comis done by Dr. Man
peated encornia were . John Marr, the chief a budding artiste of joy' and Sri Mathoor
her as a 'child pro
digy'. I would like to add my own tribute to her in terms of my pride and pleasure at the great strides she has made from the day we in the London Music circle spotted her talent and awarded her a first prize in the junior vocal competition. However, amidst all this praise, I would like to add a note of friendly caution: an Arangetram is only the first launching pad, and she has miles to go' before she can establish herself and the first priority should be hard work and practice, on top of the innate talent and the Gurubhakthi that she already has.
P.P. Kanthan
Kalata Kalyanam
Kalatakalyanam, best described as the rumbustious wedding, staged at the Salisbury Hall in Edmonton, London, on 28 March had the audience in uproarious splits and raptures. The hall was packed to capacity and the boisterous nature of the play, so well performed, delighted even those who had to stand in the sides that evening.
The play bordered on the injustice of the caste system that has lasted virtually unchallenged through the ages. May be this is the reason why Buddhism has not flourished in Indial The author of Kalatakalyanam had woven the play to highlight this evil using humour as the vehicle of his revolutionary message.
Whatever the pros and cons of the system be, the play that evening was well performed and the director Manoharan who also played the main role and his team deserve Our Congratulations.
Dr. Siya
St Albans, Herts.
Sports Festival in Vardoe, Norway
The Tamil Union of Vardoe organised its annual sports festival during the easter holidays from 18th to 20th April 1992. Volleyball and Football tournaments were conducted in the Vardoe Stadium. Twenty four teams from Mehamn, Botsfjord, Tromsoe, Narvik, Vardoe, Svovar, Alta, Berdevog, Soroya and Hamersest communes participated in this tournament, which was worked out from 7am to 10pm each day. There was a large number of spectators both Tamils and Norwegians present, in volleyball, Botsfjord (A) and Botsf. jord (B) won the first and second places. In football, the first and second places were won by Botsfjord (B) and Alta (A) teams.
Dr. K. Rupamoorthy, former Lecturer of Jaffna University was the chief guest and the programme was organised and conducted by Mr. K. Sivasundaran, Consultant, Settlement Project, Vardoe.

Page 38
38 TAM TIMES
British Columbian Tamils Celebrate New Year
Kerrisdale Community Hall in Vancouver was overflowing with British Columbian Tamils when they met on 26th April to celebrate the Hindu new year with a grand cultural show, it commenced with a magic show by guest artiste Priyantha Gamage, a 26-year-old deaf and dumb lad from Matara, Sri Lanka, whose highly entertaining performance was the talk of the town. The artiste was highly appreciative of the hospitality accorded and the reception. It was followed by group singing by the pupils of Mrs. Chitra Ravichandran and a scintilating performance of 'Kuraththi' dance to the western beat by the students of Mrs. Muthuluxmi Krishnan. Miss Renuka Rajamahendran gave a highly appreciated Carnatic Recital and this was followed by a talk on “Traditional Music of Eelam" by Prof. Rajamahendran,
There was a musical interlude provided by M.S. Rajah on fute, Elmo Rajah on Tabla, Thirmulan on Miruthangam accompanying their troupe and popstar Anthony Gajendragopan. Gayathiri Kugathasan and Wiji Karthigeyan sang accompanied by Sam Arullah on Piano and Rex and Ray Pillai on Violin and Vini Kunanithy read a piece on “Thiyaganum Sevaiyum'. 'Koladdam' was performed by the Richmond students trained by Mrs. Chitra Ravichandran and Mrs. Srimathy Kanda
samy.
The grand finale was the stage play Kalyanamam Kalyanam, in traditional verse and prose written by Karaveddy Nadarajah.
BBC Tamil Service Every Day
The BBC Tamil Service is on the air Seven days a week, adding Sundays to its present six-day schedule. The Tamil audience is now around one million regular listeners, and the number of letters has increased by nearly 5000 over the last year. Despite being one of the smallest of the BBC's language services, it receives the second largest number of letters, with one in 20 of its listeners writing to the BBC. After the Gulf War, the Tamil Service received more letters than all the other services put together.
The emphasis of the new Sunday transmission will be on entertainment, with drama, music, culture and sport, as well as regular news and current affairs. The transmissions are at 21 15-2145 (1ST, Sri Lanka), 2345-0015 (Singapore, Malaysia) on 7105, 9605 and 11955 kHz in the 41, 31 and 25 metre bands.
Congratulat
London's Battersea venue on Sunday 22 ram of Kumari Surik of Srimati Vinothini dance student from Temple, Wimbledon.
Her performance of the traditional repe concert indicated her dance form and left that she has bloss artiste.
Her rendering of Jk Sanathi, Varnam a manding dance wh. basics - Nritta (pu, pression) and Natya and Pathan the cost, a lovely garland of special note of app well supported on th nattuvangam, Srima (vocal), Sri Muthu Srimati Kalaivani Nimalaraj (flute), an (morsing).
Life Ski
Sushila Nadarajah, Conduct life skills t for Asian women. T. be Carried out in the Stratford-on-Avon.
The Course will a ing confidence, as tion and interaction and stress managet aged to evaluate th and seek alternative
Sushila has des variety of training p the last ten years. T training, business ning etc.
Recession has women. They have facing redundancy.c their small business is the time to stopa Her courses enable
 
 

15 MAY 1992
ons Surudikka
ls.
Grand Hall was the nd March of the arangetka Loganathan, a Sishya Shanmuganthan and a
the Shree Ganapathy
which included a number Artoire of a Bharata natya mastery of this classical he audience in no doubt
Omed into a promising
athiswaram in raga Hammost elaborate and dech combines the three re dance), Nrithya (ex(acting) in Nataikurinji, nic dance of Lord Siva, in choice ragas deserve a reciation. She was very e stage by her guru with i Ambika Thanotharan Sivarajah (mridangam), ndrakumar (violin), Dr. d Sri Sithamparanathan
ls Training
a training consultant is to aining courses specially e residential courses will tranquil surroundings of
canine issues surroundertiveness, Communicaimage projection, time hent. Women are enCourir skills and experiences routes in their lives.
gned and conducted a ogrammes for women in 2ey include management ounselling, career plan
affected many Asian either lost their jobs or coping with pressures in ls. Sushia feels that this devaluate their life skills. participants to take stock
of their experiences and seek the Turning Point which gives them conviction and courage to move forward positively.
Life skills training programmes aimed at Asian women will be conducted during June, July, August '92 in Stratford-on-Avon. For further information Contact: Sushila Nadarar jah, Turning Point, 33 Bridgetown Road, Stratford-on-Avon, Warks. CV377JH. Tel: 0789-269382.
5th International Conference on Tamil Culture
The Fifth international Conference On Tanni Culture is to be held from 3rd to 5th October 1992 at New South Wales University, Sydney. Earlier conferences were held in France, Malaysia, India and Mauritius. Dr. N. Sriskandarajah is the Chairperson of the coordinating Committee and S. Balendra is the Conference secretary. The other members of the committee are Mrs. D. Balasubramanian, A. Govander, M. Mudeliar, Dr. P. Nallathamby, Prof. P. Poologasingam, Dr. K.C. Rajendran, G. Santhiran, M. Somasundaram, M. Thanapalasingam and V.S. Thurairajah. Details may be obtained from the Secretary, ICTC 92, P.O. Box S60, Homebush, NSW 2140, Australia. Phone O2 649 6379. Fax. O2 749 2390.
New Solicitors
The following are among those who have been successful at the Law Society Winter Examination for Solicitors held recently in U.K.
P. P. Arulampalam, U. Duraisingam, M. Gengatharan, A. Gnanathasan, T. Kumaramoorthy, N. Mahendra, J. R. Mariathasan, J.A. Rajakariar, J.C. Santhiapillai and C. Sivaguru.
New York Tamils Observe New Year by Feeding the Homeless Poor
The Tamil community of New York and New Jersey areas, observed Tamil New Year's Day by feeding some of the homeless poor of New York on Saturday, April 18th.
More than four hundred people were fed to a sumptuous sit-down meal of traditional American fare complete With home-baked cheese cakes. The feeding took place simultaneously in three different locations - Lutheran Trinity Church, a Project Hospitality site for homeless single mothers and children, and an Outreach shelter for homeless men - all in the borough of Staten island in New York City.
The fund-raising for the event was led by the President of the Tamil Sangam, Dr. Krishnan. Help was provided by practicing physicians of Staten island and Brooklyn besides officials and volunteers from Lutheran Trinity Church and Project Hospitality.
New York Tamil Sangam is a non-profit organization which organizes cultural events such as Pongal - the Harvest Festival of South lindia, Mutthamil Vila — a celebration of Tamil prose, poetry, music and mime and Kutthar Thiru Naal, Bharata Natyam Contest for talented amateurs. For more information, call or fax the cultural advisor for the Sangam, Mr. Kabaliswaran at 718 3776491.

Page 39
15 MAY 1992
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MSIERPAM
99.
YS E LaaE ELY LY LLLLLLLEELLLEE THE FOLLOWING ADDITIONAL BE'EFT: " TFF ir "Jikji. FTF, T, J.P. Jr's 5Wህ 1 ዜካ'ዘነ ዜካ' HI፱!ዚ W ኣ !''ኣ8 II Wክህ ካ(;
-- ", , , ዘና!!.ዘየ-I [ Å"ፍ !!''ኣk 'ነ I'ኳ [
LLLLLLLLSS LLLLLLaL SLLLL LYLLLLLL LL L "A", l. EFF "sir KLLSLLLSYGS SEES LLLS EEL SLELES EES I*ዜዀካ!‛'ኤf፡ዞ ̆ዛካ FByrፆ1I I ህሥዞ ዜlWዞrይዛህ ! r! ሶ ፳ዘ' [ፓ¶lWዛዞ ኔዞI 'ኣ Iሽ !''ካ የ W / ዜዛI | L,
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