கவனிக்க: இந்த மின்னூலைத் தனிப்பட்ட வாசிப்பு, உசாத்துணைத் தேவைகளுக்கு மட்டுமே பயன்படுத்தலாம். வேறு பயன்பாடுகளுக்கு ஆசிரியரின்/பதிப்புரிமையாளரின் அனுமதி பெறப்பட வேண்டும்.
இது கூகிள் எழுத்துணரியால் தானியக்கமாக உருவாக்கப்பட்ட கோப்பு. இந்த மின்னூல் மெய்ப்புப் பார்க்கப்படவில்லை.
இந்தப் படைப்பின் நூலகப் பக்கத்தினை பார்வையிட பின்வரும் இணைப்புக்குச் செல்லவும்: Tamil Times 1992.06

Page 1
Tamil
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Page 3
15 JUNE 1992
CONTENTS
Military offensive in Jaffna. . . . . . . . . . . . 4
6 ISSN SLFP boycotts Select Committee...... ANNUAL
Swiss National in custody. . . . . . . . . . . . 7 UK/india/Sri Lan
Australia. . . . . . Canada. . . . . . . . Bomb attack on Tamil Radio TV station. 8 All other countr
Puł Govt.'s dual strategy against Tigers... 10 U
TAML Jaffna revisited. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 P.O. SUTTON, S UNTE
Views expressed by contributors are not necessarily
those of the editor or the publishers, Phone:
sLFPMust RESPon
In the absence of any other tangible move towards : political process the appointment and deliberations of the All-Party Parliamentary Select Committee (PSC) wit! terms of reference to resolve the ethnic conflict provided the only ray of hope. Many political parties, concernet institutions and individuals submitted proposals to the PSC except for three organisations which, by reason o the position they occupy, the power and influence the exercise, have a decisive say in the affairs of the countr did not respond. Neither the ruling United National Part (UNP) of which President Premadasa is the leader, no the main opposition Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP Submit any proposals inspite of the fact they wer represented and participated in the proceedings of the PSC. The LTTE also failed to put forward any proposal. although it was requested to do so, but had invited the PSC to visit Jaffna to discuss matters.
The SLFP, by its shortsighted and ill-considered boycot has virtually placed the work of the PSC in serious jeopardy. While it is recognised that the government has arbitrarily denied the opportunity of debating in parliamen matters of major public importance such as the Udugam pola revelations, the Auditor General's Report on the financial misdemeanours in the Central Bank and the Report of the Commissioner of Elections, for the SLFF leadership to boycott the sittings of the PSC on that scort only reveals its congenital incapacity to rise above the parochial party level in an endeavour to seek a resolutiol of a grave national problem.
it looks as if the SLFP has been bounced into the decision to boycott the PSC by extreme communa elements of the Jathika Chinthanaya' variety as repre sented by the 'Hela Urumaya' faction which claims t have a substantial following in the SLFP parliamentar party. It would seem that this faction takes the view tha the SLFP should project to the public the image that the party is there to safeguard 'Sinhala-Buddhist interests before trying to find a national consensus on the ethni ISSUe.
Plagued by a much publicised perennial problem O personality feuds at leadership level, the SLFP has no only failed to contain these extreme elements within it, bu also displayed remarkable incompetence and ineptitude i. performing its expected role of providing an effectiv opposition to the government. Having made an ingloriou, contribution, while in power and out of power, to thi genesis and escalation of the ethnic conflict in the island one would have thought that the leadership of the SLFl
 

TAMIL TIMES 3
CONTENTS
- Banning of LTTE by India........... 13
O266-4488 People and Politics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15, SUBSCRIPTION ka...10/USS30 News Round-up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
AAusS40 ....CanS35 Language of Indus Valley Civilization1.19 ies. . . E15/USS30 V. blished by Readers Forum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
TIMES LTD
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ID To THE CHALLENGE
would have learnt some bitter lessons to avoid the blunders of the past and to contribute to a national effort to bring about a rational and meaningful resolution to the Conflict.
Not only has the SLFP in the past tried to sabotage every effort to resolve the problem by negotiations; it has never had a settled policy on the ethnic issue. The only policy it seems to have in this regard is to oppose any moves in the direction of a settlement. Against this background, it is the height of political impertinence and downright hypocrisy for its General Secretary, Mr. Dharmasiri Senanayake to say that "if the government could not provide a solution to the ethnic conflict, it should resign and face elections'. ("The island, 4 June 1992).
On the contrary, President Premadasa in a recent speech is reported to have said that he was prepared to make a public declaration conferring all honour and Credit on the opposition for resolving the north-east conflict if the Opposition joined hands to make a joint Search for a settlement to the current crisis' and that "the government did not want any credit for resolving this. lt will be given in writing that the Opposition deserved all credit for evolving a solution to the north-east problem. Opposition parties can share the honour and credit among themselves." ("The island, 1 June 1992).
it is a publicly known fact that for electoral purposes both the UNP and the SLFP have been using the ethnic issue as a political football each trying to outbid the other as champions of the 'Sinhala-Buddhist' cause. But the fact is also that for the last fifteen years, the SLFP has failed to increase its support base or its vote-bank at election time, and the UNP has been returned to power again and again. It also must realise that it has deprived itself of any support among the Tamil and the Muslim population because of its lack of a sensible and balanced policy on the ethnic issue. And in the proportional voting system that prevails in Sri Lanka, support from that segment of the population can make all the difference between returning to power and remaining in the opposition forever.
Now that the President has in effect challenged the Opposition to offer an opportunity to take the task of solving the ethnic problem above party politics, it is time for the SLFP leadership to accept that challenge, abandon the role it has played hitherto of sabotaging every effort that is made to bring an end to the conflict, and put President Premadasa to the test by engaging in a joint endeavour to arrive at a lasting Solution.
f

Page 4
4 TAMIL TIMES
“›› ·m❖: Sy”
Military Offensive in
Rita Sebastian fron Colonbo
What was initially described as a limited military operation to expand the "forward defended locality' around the northern Pallaly airbase, has turned into what could be the final push to wrest control of the peninsula from the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). Given the change in the military command structure, with the Joint Operations Command (JOC) virtually assigned a backseat, and the three service commanders given free rein to plan out battle strategy, the two operations in Mullaitivu and the peninsula came as no surprise.
It was not just a divided army that put the northern operation on hold, but the hard fact that it lacked the men and the material for the final thrust. There is also a tremendous financial constraint inspite of the increased defence levy of 3 percent. Added to it has been the indecision at the top whether the military option should be pursued.
Industries Minister, Ranil Wickremesinghe's recent statement that the military exercise would continue side by side with the Parliamentary Select Committee deliberations to find a consensus solution to the current conflict, was only reinforcing what assassinated former defence deputy Ranjan Wijeratne kept repeating. The battle against the Tigers he maintained had to be pursued on two fronts, the military and the political. Giving weight to the same thinking was John Amaratunge acting State Minister of Defence whose reported address to military officers at the Pallaly army camp last week indicated that government would first “use maximum force to totally annihilate Tiger strength. After completely wiping out the menace in that manner the government would try to seek a political solution to the problem, he said.
The Tigers have covered themselves with an aura of invincibility. An aura they substantiate with the claim to have taken on the world's fourth largest army (the Indian Peace Keeping Force). It is a debatable claim in the context of the Indian army's mandate of not "annihilating the Tigers' but only marginalising them to the extent that they would be forced to return to the negotiating table.
Then followed the peace dialogue between the government and the Tigers. Thirteen long months of a dialogue that yielded no results. And it was back to the battlefront again. Not
even President Rall sa's oft repeated fo tion, compromise a since been able to munication with th not for want of tryi
The Tigers pers that it is the Prem that has failed to tional mediation to The government o has used informal work out some mee Tigers without succ
Government effol contend with opposi any dialogue with they lay down arı bona fides that the democratic politics. been the India facta
The ban on the TI Tiger leader Vellu being accused of n assassination of for ter Rajiv Gandhi h cated the issue.
Political observer, cription of the Ti diplomatic offensive President Premada possible negotiation ernment and the Ti Some political cc even alleged that tion to wreck any in the northeast is i policy to marginalis Yet all signals no advancing towards that the forces wil many fronts. The sp the eastern provin that has claimed t soldiers has made i the Tigers will attacks on security the eastern prov Mannar and in cé Wanni to make it army to draw out areas without stral these areas. Alth Tellipalli, 4 miles airbase has been morale, it knows fight every inch of Tiger capability ( and anti-personnel effect.
Military officials abandoned "Opera May 1987, this is

15 JUNE 192
Jafna
asinghe Premadarmula of ‘consultand consensus' has open lines of come Tigers, but it is ng by either side. ist in their claim adasa government espond to internaresolve the conflict. n the other hand missaries to try to ting point with the eSS.
ts have also had to tion in the south to the Tigers unless ms to prove their y are committed to And there has also
)r.
'igers by India and billai Prabhakaran nasterminding the "mer Prime Minisas further compli
s feel that the prosgers is part of a by India to isolate sa and prevent any s between the govgers. immentators have India's determinapossibility of peace n the pursuit of its e the Tigers. wpoint to the army Jaffna. It is a war l have to fight on late of ambushes in e in recent weeks he lives of several , quite evident that esort to guerrilla force battalions in nce, northeastern rtain areas of the impossible for the troops from these ning the security of ough moving into from the Pallaly a boost for army hat it will have to the way given the f using landmines mines to maximum
claim that after the tion Liberation' of the first time they
have been able to re-capture some of the territory they succeeded in gaining control of at the time. But the question that arises is can the forces hold the area captured from the Tigers and at what cost. Already the casualty tally is over 50 soldiers killed and over 125 injured in the Mullaitivu and Jaffna operations. And if army claims are to be believed then over 250 Tigers have been killed as well, with no figures however of civilian casualties, victims of the crossfire syndrome.
In Mullaitivu the army has made substantial gains moving down the coast to Alampil to effectively block, according to the army, the movement of Tiger cadres between the north and the east.
And while the two warring sides are engaged in battle hundreds of civilians are once again being displaced from their homes and forced to seek refuge in relief centres. The tragedy of the people of the peninsula would be that this time round there is the possibility of India turning a blind eye to civilian casualties and western countries taking a cue from them.
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Page 5
15 JUNE 1992
"Operation Whirlwind GOVt's Massive Northern
The Sri Lankan combined security force - army, navy and the airforce - launched their biggest ever military onslaught in the northern province commencing 28 May. Thousands of troops backed by heavy armour, artillery and fierce naval gunfire support moved against what was described as Tiger strongholds while helicopter gunships and attack aircraft strafed and bombed alleged Tiger bases along the sea coast and on land.
The military operations have resulted in a considerable number of civilian casualties, killed and injured, mainly in consequence of indiscriminate bombing and strafing from the air and shelling from land and sea. Tens of thousands of civilians have been displaced from their homes.
The offensive commenced against the backdrop of the Indian ban on the LTTE and framing of charges against 41 persons including the leader of the LTTE on charges in connection with the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi. Reflecting the hardening of the Indian attitude against the LTTE, the High Commissioner of India described the ban as: 'a symbolic gesture with international ramifications, and added that: "As far as India is concerned the presence of the LTTE directly or indirectly is totally undesirable'.
The day after the government's offensive operations began, the Sri Lankan Prime Minister who is also the Minister of Defence gave a categorical assurance that the government would end terrorism in the North and East within the next two months. The Opposition should know that a solution to such a complex problem could
not be found by merely shouting in
Parliament...the Opposition might wish to inquire from the government how it was going to end the war within the next two months. But the government was not prepared to divulge that secret until it implemented the plan. From the scale of the military operations that the security forces were undertaking in the north, there was no doubt what the government's plan WaS.
To underscore the government's
confidence in undertaking the military offensive, President Premadasa was in Vavuniya presiding over his Mobile Presidential Secretariat, meeting people and making speeches.
The three pronged operation codenamed "Operation Maruthe' (Operation Whirlwind) began at 6am on 28
May directed at Tig northern Jaffna peni vu in the northeast the northwest. M claimed that the sca the operations tool complete surprise.
In the Jaffna per security forces laur major attacks on V unremitting shell fir boats and air strike helicopters. At the broke out from thei lines (FDL) at Pa moving, backed by in the direction of Thondamannar ash and attack aircraft p facing fierce resist cadres.
Air and naval oper ched against Sea Madagal and Valve troops moved toward amidst fierce resis cadres, the Tigers re ing up the Thondam ing an army advance ai. It appeared that forces was to move be nar towards Walvi attempt to secure th line of the penins thwarted by the Tige Thondamanar bridge
By 1 June, the tro dating their position
“İndi Presid
The state-controlle Observer of 24 May page headline publici by Yogaratnam Yog leaders of the LTT Secretary of the Peo beration Tigers (P. Voice of Tigers' in w the Indian governme. to overthrow the gove dent Premadasa.
In an address broa Yogi added that, afte down the Premada through the UNP r Athulathmudali ar sanayake, the Indian now using the ban on to sabotage any possi the Sri Lankan gove LTTE.

ASSault
er positions in the insula, in Mullaitiand in Mannar in Ailitary sources ule and severity of k the Tigers by
ninsula, combined hched a series of alvettiturai with e from naval gun
s by bombers and
same time, troops r forward defence laly and started T-55 battle tanks,
Atchchuveli and elicoptergunships provided air cover, ance from Tiger
ations were launTiger' bases at attiturai. As the is Thondamannar tance by LTTE sponded by blowanar bridge fearinto Valvettitur, the aim of the eyond Thondamaettiturai in an e northern coastBula which was rs blowing up the
ops were consoliin the town of
TAMIL TIMES 5.
Tellipalai which they captured from Tiger control on the previous day after fierce fighting. The Tigers reportedly retreated southwards to Malakam three miles from Tellipalai.
The army also claimed that Sea Tiger bases, mine factories and a secret radar station were destroyed.
The Tigers struck back with an ambush in Wakaneri in which 29 soldiers were killed, and in another attack at Mantai six soldiers were killed.
In the northeastern Mullaitivu sector, several thousands of troops backed by T-55 tanks accompanied by sustained bombing and strafing moved to attack Tiger positions with the aim of capturing Alampil where, according to the military, the Tigers' logistics base was located, and that capture of Alampil would severely affect their supply
lines. It is reported that the Tigers put
up fierce resistance to protect their bases and in the ensuing battles there were heavy casualties on both sides. Alampil fell to the advancing troops on 3 June.
By 4 June an announcement was made that government forces had halted the first phase of the offensive operations to allow for the consolidation of the ground captured from the LTTE, with a further announcement that the second phase would commence in a day or two.
On the government side it was announced that 70 soldiers were killed, one missing in action and 110 wounded. There are no precise casualty figures on the LTTE side, although government sources claimed that at least 300 LTTE cadres were killed.
a all out to Overthrow ent Premadasa” - LTTE
'd The Sunday has given frontty to a broadcast i, one of the top E and General ples Front of LiFLT), over the which he accused nt of going all out ernment of Presi
dcast on 22 May, *r failing to bring asa government ebels like Lalith
nd Gamini Dis
government was the Tamil Tigers ble talks between 2rnment and the
He also claimed that the Indian government was working closely with the Sri Lankan Freedom Party and financing a leading newspaper group in Sri Lanka to destabilise the Premadasa government.
Yogi is also reported to have said: The late Indira Gandhi's government earlier tried to remove the Tamil Nadu State Government led by M. Karunanidhi. The Central Government of India does not want any party opposing them to be in power. Its handling of the political situation in Tamil Nadu itself is a clear indication of the Indian attitude. Only those parties which bow downto the Central Government could remain in power in Tamil Nadu.
Yogi is also reported to have claimed that the banning of the LTTE meant
Continued on page 25

Page 6
6 TAM TIMES
SLFP Boycotts Select Committee On Ethnic issue
The Central Committee of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party, in a statement issued on 21 May announced its decision to boycott the sittings of the Parliamentary Select Com
mittee on the ethnic issue.
The statement said: 'whilst strongly deploring the undemocratic and autocratic actions on the part of the government in denying debates on issues which are of the utmost concern to the people of the country, decided unanimously, in view of the stubborn refusal of the government to allow the Members of Parliament to exercise their right of debate in Parliament and thereby deny the people their right to know the true facts in regard to these matters, the Parliamentary Group of the SLFP would suspend participating in the meetings of the Select Committee on the ethnic issue until such time as the government changes its attitude of non-co-operation and confrontation with the opposition.
The SLFP resolution identified the following matters as the ones on
which the government refused to allow MPs to debate: Ꭺ •
(1) The Report of the Commissioner of Elections which deals with the many malpractices in the conduct of the general election in 1989;
(2) The revelations made
by DIG Mr. Udugampola by
way of affidavits which relate to the killings of large numbers of active members of the SLFP and their supporters during the presidential and general elections;
(3) The statement made in Parliament by the Prime Minister regarding the strictures passed by the Auditor General on the Governor of the Central Bank; and
(4) A no-confidence motion against the government, inter alia, incorporating the above matters.
Following the decision of the SLFP, except the Tamil parties represented in parliament, MPs of other opposition parties also have decided to boycott the Select Committee on the ethnic issue.
Tamil and Muslim Parties Condemn Boycott of Select Committee
Tamil and Muslim parties represented in parliament have disagreed with and condemned the decision of the SLFP and other opposition parties to boycott the sittings of the Parliamentary Select Committee on the ethnic issue because of their rift with the government on other issues.
These parties view the crisis between the government and the opposition parties in parliament as a distinct issue and therefore it should not be allowed to sabotage the working of the Select Committee which is supposed to deal with a national issue of grave importance.
The eight parties which called upon the SLFP to
withdraw its boycott are the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF), All Ceylon Tamil Congress (ACTC), Peoples Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam (PLOTE), Eelam Peoples Revolutionary Liberation Front (EPRLF), Tamil Eelam Liberation Organisation (TELO), Eelam Revolutionary Organisation of Students (EROS), Eelam National Democratic Liberation Front (ENDLF) and the Sri Lanka Muslim Congress (SLMC).
An EPRLF spokesman, Mr. L. Ketheeswaran, said that the Tamil parties were . in favour of all parties continuing to attend the Select Committee and that it was

15 JUNE 1992
vital to delink the issues of dispute in parliament from the affairs of the Committee. The opposition boycott would have serious implications even leading to the collapse of the Select Committee process. As long as the opposition persists in its irresponsible course of action, the Select Committee exercise would be in danger of being thwarted. He said that the Tamil parties were urging the SLFP and other opposition parties to rescind their decision to boycott, and continue to participate in the Committee's proceedings so that the bloodshed
in the northeast could be ..
brought to an end.
The leader of the Sri Lanka Muslim Congress appealing to the SLFP to reconsider their stand and to show a more responsible attitude to the select committee process, said that the destiny of the people of the north and east should not be made hostage for political expediencies. He said that top priority should be given to find an early solution to the ethnic issue and that every other issue must be treated secondary to the primary issue which was before the Select Committee.
Jaffna District MP, Suresh K. Premachandran said that the SLFP's boycott of the PSC would further nullify the chances of finding a political solution to the ethnic question. The Tamils would never accept this attitude of the SLFP, whatever the causes it gave to justify the boycott. V
The SLFP's decision to continue the boycott will make the minority races lose confidence in the SLFP. Furthermore the ruling United National Party (UNP) can delay submit
ting its proposals on the basis of not getting anything constructive from the Opposition. The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) will also justify their stand that the main national parties are not in
terested in finding a politic
all solution to the ethnic crisis', Mr. Premachandran said.
The Tamil Eelam Liberation Organisation (TELO) spokesman N. Srikantha said that the SLFP being the major political party, should realise that it has a significant role to play in the resolution of the ethnic crisis.
"This is not the time to engage in petty political stunts. We are very disappointed with the SLFP's intransigence in pulling out of the select committee. This conduct indirectly helps the LTTE to justify the war being waged by it. We expect the SLFP to rise to the occasion and join hands with all democratic forces in finding a solution to the ethnic crisis and thereby deprive the LTTE of its political weapon', Mr. Srikantha said.
Mr. Mavai Senathiraja, the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF) MP for Jaffna District said that the SLFP boycott of the PSC was not a very healthy action in finding a meaningful solution to the ethnic crisis. The boycott may lead to creating an impression among the Tamils that the majority community is not willing to arrive at a solution to the ethnic problem. The SLFP must realise its national political responsibility in reaching a solution through the overall participation in the Parliamentary Select Committee', Mr. Senathiraja added.
Shells Fired at Temple, 23 Worshippers Killed
At least 23 Tamil civilians were killed and 30 others injured on 18 May while they had congregated at the Vathappali Kannagi Amman Hindu temple in Mul
laitivu when four shells fired from an army camp situated about two miles from the temple hit the crowd of worshippers who had gathered at the temple

Page 7
:5 JUNE 1992
for the annual festival. One of the dead was identified as a driver of a Red Cross vehicle.
The army's explanation that they fired the shells following information they received about the gathering of some 200 Tiger cadres in the vicinity of the temple was dismissed by local residents as ridiculous and unacceptable.
Following protests and representations, the government has appointed a committee of inquiry to carry out an investigation into the incident.
The Trustees and Priests
of the temple and other leading citizens of the area
have prepared a memoran
dum for submission to the Committee of Inquiry. The memorandum states:
The Pongal festival has been held annually since the inception of the temple, and despite the disturbed situation that prevailed in the area, a large number of
devotees participated in this festival in 1990 and 1991.
Before this year's festival, the security forces were informed through the Government Agent of Mullaitivu that a large number of devotees were expected to congregate at the temple on 18th May. This information was confirmed again through the Mullaitivu Red Cross and its Headquarters in Colombo. In spite of this, by about 12.30pm, three shells fell on the northwestern side of the temple where there were a large number of devotees. The devotees got into a panic over this and as the volunteers were busy trying to calm them and bring some order, a fourth shell fired from the Mullaitivu direction fell at a place where there were a large number of devotees, killing over ten on the spot. The injured were taken to various hospitals, and up to 25 May, 23 people had died.
Criminal Prosecutions Against Editors
The Editor of the "Aththa' newspaper Lokubanda Wanigasekera and its publisher Walwita A. Daharmadasa have been indicted by the Attorney General on two counts under Emergency Regulations with causing hostility, ill-will and contempt of the Government of Sri Lanka under article 26 of the Emergency Regulations by publishing the statement of DIG Premadasa Udugampola on 8 April. The court allowed certified bail in Rs. 5,000 each and fixed further hearings for 31 July.
The Attorney General has also filed indictments against Mr. Udugampola both under the Emergency Regulations and section 120 of the Penal Code for inciting feelings of disaffection among the people of Sri Lanka and these charges are based on affidavits and statements made by him alleging that government sponsored "Black Cats' were responsible for the murder
and attempted murder of several persons including members of the SLFP.
The Attorney General has filed criminal prosecution against W.M. Sunanda Deshapriya, editor of the Sinhala language weekly, "Yukthiya', published by the MIRJE, under section 480 of the Penal Code in respect of a publication in its issue of 12 April purporting to be an affidavit from DIG Udugampola in which allegations had been made damaging the reputation of the Inspector General of Police, Mr. Ernest Perera.
Mr. Udugampola had said that Mr. M.A. Haniffa had allegedly obtained Rs. 500,000 from a Colombo bank to give a bribe to the IGP, and that the IGP had personally interfered in an investigation concerning the discovery of explosives at an organisation called Noorjeen Hadjiar and Company of which Mr. Haniffa was a senior executive. s

TAMMEs 7
"No Direct Talks with Tigers'
The government of Sri Lanka would not have direct talks with the LTTE, but its decision not to ban the LTTE was to give it the opportunity to appear before the Parliamentary Select Committee on the ethnic issue, the government controlled “The Sunday Observer' (24 May) re
ported quoting 'a Govern
ment top official”.
The official is reported to have said that the government would not have discussions with the Tamil Tigers at present because the Select Committee was sitting and the LTTE should make its representations to that Committee. That was
because the government wanted to solve this problem by consensus. If the government had direct talks with the LTTE, then the Select Committee might feel that the government was going over the head of the Select Committee. :
The government wanted
the LTTE to go before the Select Committee so that any decision would have the consensus of all the parties in Parliament. The reason for the government having, not banned the LTTE was because the LTTE could have used the ban as an excuse not to submit its proposals to or go before the Select Committee.
Tamil Broadcaster Shot at in Toronto
Toronto - The Canadian police have launched a massive manhunt for two persons identified as Asokan and Paramanathan in connection with an attempt to shoot down a Tamil broadcaster on the night of 25 May. ܬܬ
The broadcaster identified as K. Sivasothy alias Elliya Bharthy was reportedly shot at by two gunmen, with alleged connections with the LTTE in Toronto, who stormed his residence after he reportedly refused to broadcast one of their advertisements ab
out a film.
The victim, a native of Karainagar in northern Sri Lanka was an employee of the Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation before he went to Toronto in Canada. Bharthy was doing a onehour radio programme titled 'Sangam' for a private radio station located in Toronto. Apparently the organisation to which the gunmen belonged were angered by Bharathy's refusal to announce their advertisement even after threats were made against him and his wife.
Swiss National in Custody for Arms Smuggling
A Swiss national who had allegedly smuggled a container load of new automatic weapons, ammunition, detonators and other items into Sri Lanka was taken into custody when officers from the Bureau of Special Operations raided a house at Ekala in the Ja-Ela area on 7 May.
The Swiss, aged 40, is married to a Sri Lankan woman who is holding a top post in foreign bank operating in the island. The couple with three children had been living in Switzerland
for over 10 years before, they arrived back in the country in 1990. It was also revealed that the woman is of mixed parentage, the mother who is a Tamil lives in Switzerland, and the father who is now dead was a Sinhalese.
According to police sources, the weapons which include 18 types of automatic rifles, seven types of revolvers and pistols, over 50,000 rounds of ammunition including dumdums which shatter on impact,
Continued on page 8

Page 8
8 TAMIL TIMES
Continued from page 7
ammunition containing chemicals, explosives, holsters, hand-cuffs, thumbcuffs, manacles, walkietalkies, telescopic sights for
rifles, battery chargers,
commando knives and other items had been smuggled in a container purporting to contain items which were to be used by the couple in building their house in Ekala. The container is reported to have been shipped into the island some time ago. However, the Director General of Customs, Lalith Heengama asserted that the smuggled cache of weapons and ammunition must have been brought into the country through an unauthorised route and certainly not through the normal
channel. However, he was
pursuing the records available and a special investigation has been launched since the suspect had told the BSO that the arms were consigned to him as personal goods.
The arrested man, who is now being held under a detention order under Emergency Regulations, has claimed that he is a former Customs Officer in Switzerland, but Interpol has contradicted this claim and stated that he had been employed by a private organisation at the airport. While the authorities are seeking the assistance of Interpol and the Swiss police to unravel the background of the man and his operations, police suspect him to be an agent of an
international arms syndicate.
The police also claimed that the suspect had many old scars on his body which are said to have been left by wounds received in 1976 when fighting in the Lebanese civil war. The suspect is said to have claimed that he fought on the side of the Christian militia as a volunteer and not as a mercenary. They also said that the suspect would have done a lot of firing during his stay in Kandana, judging by over500 used cartridges recovered from a box in a house which he had been occupying before he shifted to his own house in Ekala.
The suspect had refused to eat any food from the day of his arrest on 7 May and kept it up until 18 May in spite of the urging from visiting ICRC members. Till the breaking of his fast with the eating of some hoppers, he had only liquids in the form of tea, coffee and soft drinks. He had told the police that he could survive on just liquids for up to 20 days.
Following these and other leads, police are probing the possibility of the man being in Sri Lanka on a mission not only to supply weapons, but also to provide training to some interested group. i
A recent report indicated that two Customs officials are being questioned by detectives on the basis of the suspicion that the weapons were smuggled through customs.
Private Management of Tea Estates
The government has moved to allay the widespread fear based on the perception that it was engaged in privatising the ownership of tea estates through a process of handing over the management of the tea estates to private companies.
The Minister of Plantation Industries, Mr. Rupa Karunatilleke recently spelt out the main features of the government proposals for the management of
state-owned plantations by "management contractors for and on behalf of the government':
A the full ownership of the 502 estates presently managed by the JEDB and the State Plantations Corporation will continue to be vested in the government;
får fourhundred and fortynine out of the 502 estates will be regrouped into 22 independent regional management enterprises, each

15 JUNE 1992
consisting of 15 to 20 estates;
Ar the 22 regional management enterprises will be fully owned and controlled by boards of directors appointed by the government; the estates will be leased out to these fully state-owned management enterprises;
År 22 private sector companies with a proven track record of sound management have been chosen on the basis of competitive bids to manage these estates for and on behalf of the 22 regional enterprises;
* all existing commitments with regard to land alienation will be honoured;
Ar all staff and labour presently working in the estates and the regional
offices will become employees of the regional management enterprises, and no employees will be retrenched or made redundant;
âr al social welfare facilities such as creches, medical facilities and housing facilities will be made available without interruption;
får recruitment and management policies will be determined by the regional management enterprises, and implementation will be by the management contractors; and
management contractors will be paid on a profit sharing basis. If regional management enterprises make losses, the management contractors will have to bear such losses.
Bomb Attack on Tamil Nadu TV Station
A bomb exploded on 24 May
at a TV station in the
southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu and leaflets praising the assassin of former premier Rajiv Gandhi were found at the site, according to a PTI report.
The bomb which exploded damaged a relay circuit at the station in Kumbakonam in Thanjavur district, but caused no casualties. Thanjavur district authorities had received anonymous letters warning of possible bomb attacks at government offices before the blast.
No claims of responsibility were made for the attack on the TV station,
but leaflets praising Dhanu, the woman suicidebomber who killed Rajiv Gandhi last year at an election rally in Tamil Nadu, and leaders of the Tamil Tigers and denouncing Rajiv Gandhi as a "vampire who sucked Tamil blood' were found scattered at the scene of the explosion.
Second Incident
At least two persons were killed and forty others injured when a bomb exploded in a bus travelling from Rajpalal to Vodar in the outskirts of Madurai. Police believe that it was the work of a terrorist group, but no one has claimed responsibility.
Liberals Against Banning Of LTTE and JVP
If leading figures in the LTTE are responsible for the assassination of former Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, as seems very likely, Sri Lanka should take all possible steps to apprehend such persons and extradite them to India for trial, states a press release by the Liberal Party.
The release adds that Liberals have always believed that banning of poli
tical organisations, even those engagedinarmed violence and committed to the politics of totalitarianism, such as the LTTE and the JVP does not serve any useful purpose. On the contrary, every effort should be made to encourage even those engaged in the politics of violence and intolerance to abandon such politics and enter into the liberal democratic process.

Page 9
15 JUNE 1992
Family of Eight Killed in Reprisal
On April 1992, around 2pm, a group of army personnel accompanied by members of the Tamil Eelam Liberation Organization (TELO), an armed group working in conjunction with the military, reportedly killed deliberately all the members of the family of Thambimuttu Suppiah, his wife and five children, and a neighbour present in their house at Mandur, Batticaloa district.
The victims are: Thambimuttu Suppiah. P. Karunayamma - female.
Suppiah Kopalan. Suppiah Saroja - female child.
Suppiah Sasikala — female child.
Suppiah Rajanayakam - child.
Suppiah Neela - child. Vadivel - female.
The eight civilians were allegedly killed in reprisal for the killing earlier that day of two members of TELO by members of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil
Eelam (LTTE), who had been lying in ambush near the house of the above family. Witnesses allege that other TELO members returned to the spot about one hour later after the killing of their two members, accompanied by army personnel, and entered the family's house. The witnesses said they heard shots. Later, the bodies of the victims vere found vith bullet wounds. It was also alleged that some of them had stab wounds. The bodies were taken to Batticaloa hospital, where a post mortem was carried out. The victims have since reportedly been buried.
Several newspapers, including The Island and the Daily News, carried articles the next day suggesting that seven civilians had been killed in a crossfire at Mandur, Batticaloa district.
Amnesty International is calling upon the government to establish a full and impartial investigation into this incident and to bring to justice those found responsible.
LTTE-EROS Wrangle over Re-entry into Parliament
Fresh moves by the EROS faction aligned to the LTTE to nominate nine members to fill the vacancies in Parliament are being stalled by the LTTE.
According to Velupillai Balakumar, leader of the EROS Jaffna faction and politbureau member of the LTTE, he had sought the approval of the LTTE hierarchy on two decisions taken by his party after the LTTE had demanded that any move by the EROS group based in Jaffna had to receive the consent of the Tigers.
The two requests made by the EROS - to send its renominated MPs to Colombo to take oaths to fill the Parliamentary vacancies and submit proposals before the Parliamentary Select Committee, were
both turned down by the LTTE, Mr. Balakumar said.
LTTE spokesman, Anton Balasingham is reported to have said "The LTTE does not wish to present its stance through the EROS MPs because the government's rigid attitude will never bring peace to the country'.
C. V. K. Si vagnan am another of the EROS nominees to Parliament said that his party members were willing to come to Colombo despite the LTTE disapproval provided the government afforded them a c c o m m o dati on an d security.
Outlining their controversial visit to Colombo in September last year where they met President Premadasa, Cabinet Ministers and the Elections Com

TANL TWEES 9
missioner, Mr. Sivagnanam said though an agreement could not be reached and they had to leave Colombo without taking oaths, their very presence there had strengthened the hand of the government which was in a difficult situation.
“Because we came to Colombo, President Premadasa was helped to win the impeachment battle. The government however was not ready to give us accommodation in Sravasti and we were virtually asked to leave Colombo, he said.
Explaining as to how their presence in Colombo helped the government in the crisis Mr. Sivagnanam said when they came to Colombo, the government became confident it would have the necessary majority to defeat the impeachment motion. This, he said, prevented those vacillating UNPers from going against the government, which had secured the required majority with the presence of the new EROS members.
The impending entry of this EROS faction to Parliament and the meeting of three of its members with
the government sparked off a major controversy when other Tamil political parties alleged that this faction had strong links with the LTTE and that they had demanded an unconditional ceasefire as a prize for their vote in the impeachment crisis.
The government issued a statement on September 28 saying there was no truth in reports that the EROS members had demanded an unconditional ceasefire in exchange for their votes.
Meanwhile, officials at the Elections Commissioner's department said the six EROS nominees who were declared elected in September last year were now deemed to have lost their seats for failure to take oaths within the specified period.
They said no fresh nominations had been made by the EROS group.
The Colombo based EROS group, which has two sitting Members of Parliament, Cegu Dawood and N. Iyoob, has disowned the EROS Faction aligned to the LTTE.
Babies for Export
A total of 11,862 Sri Lankan babies were exported to foreign countries largely in the West for adoption by childless couples during the past two and a half decades, the Commissioner for the Department of Child Care and Probation, Ms. Padma Ranasinghe said.
She said that out of this igure which was obtained rom court records only 911 vere approved by the Probtion Department. Over 0,000 babies including inants were given for foreign doption by private indiiduals and related instituions, she added.
According to Commisoner Ranasinghe, Sweden nd the Netherlands which as the lowest fertility rate the world receive more an 50 percent of the ankan babies. The deand for Sri Lankan babies these two countries is
still very high she said. The other receiving countries for Lankan babies were Britain, France, Germany, Italy and Australia, she said.
The Commissioner also said that presently the Probation Department was processing 500 applications made by foreign couples seeking to adopt Sri Lankan babies. This figure is bound to leap by several fold over the coming years since the Government banned the adoption of Lankan babies by private individuals and institutions, earlier this year, the Commissioner added. Nearly 700 applications made by locals were also under process, Mrs. Ranasinghe further said. Under the ban future adoptions of Sri Lankan children could only be possible through the Department of Child Care and Probation, she said.

Page 10
10 TAMIL TIMES
GOVt.'s Dual Strat Against the Tige
by Taraki
The security forces have been deployed to disarm militants carrying Weapons (in the northeast). It is a dual political-military strategy that the government is adopting' Ranil Wickremasinghe; Cabinet Press Briefing. 4.6.92.
Speak soft and hit hard; this is the President's approach. The JVP was successfully destroyed. Can he succeed in the ethnic quagmire? The UNP's desire, it is now evident, is to gather Tamil support in the north and east while "disarming Tamil militants.
The goal of disarming is undoubtedly a sign of confidence. In Vavuniya the President claimed that he did not want to defeat anyone but only wanted to make everyone victorious. That day the government's newly acquired F-7 supersonic bombers took off from Katunayake towards Jaffna, each with a payload of four 250lb bombs.
The "thrust' into Jaffna was a political
decision. It has taken some wind out of opposition sails. The military offensive into the peninsula has been long awaited in the south. The opposition had been casting doubts on the govern
ment's bona-fides. India was eager to
see the Sri Lankan security forces smash their way into Jaffna and establish their control there. Some Tamil groups which work with the army had urged army generals in the north to expedite the blitzkreig into the peninsula.
One of the biggest multi-pronged offensives by the army was launched while the President was in Vavuniya, either by meticulous design or by a significant coincidence. But the message to his southern electorate was clear: that militarily he means business in the north; that there are more sophisticated methods of initiating the destruction of 'armed Tamil militant ideals, than the customary style of shaking the mailed fist across the ethnic divide.
India might now find itself in a situation where it cannot convincingly use the extradition issue to build up diplomatic or political pressure. The government has demonstrated, at a very critical point that it is after all, going hammer and tongs at the LTTE; it has even begun talking of disarming.
Although Mr. Ranil Wickremasinghe says that the government is pur
suing a dual i politic the set of factors to in its self interests in impracticable. What and why does their government's purpo difficult to realize? T a) India's attitude and its determinatio. from any serious pr settlement might b the ethnic crisis.
b) India's influence tics.
c) the potential of exploit the President minorities stance.
d) the imperatives of the security forces еast.
The government aware that any mova to openly and activ LTTE as an essentia political solution to th would jeopardize its power. It has to den sincerely backs the campaign against th North and East.
Furthermore, a w people in the south India's antagonism t is a positive gain tha exploited for the bene campaign to destroy
The government of avoid being seen as s Tiger issue to spite parties and groups merged north-east is working out any solu problem. Even if the to accept this in pri seen as a major blo army’s most importa the Weli-Oya settlem these circumstances, will find it easier to a east problem as a m By doing so, the g believe it can ensu: effectively deflect, or internal and geopoliti
The political part ment’s dual strategy v limited only to stanc woo Tamil votes. It i the army could sma Jaffna, the LTTE m

15 JUNI 1992
эgy 'S
il-military policy, which it responds take such a policy are these factors impact make the rted dual policy he factors are:
toward the LTTE not to be left out ocess by which a
worked out for
in southern poli
the opposition to ’s seemingly pro
of the strategies in the north and
is only too well 2 at this juncture ely consider the l component in a ne Tamil question hold on political monstrate that it
security forces' e Tigers in the
ide spectrum of now believe that oward the LTTE t should be fully fit of the military the Tigers.
course, is keen to oft pedalling the India. All Tamil assert that a on-negotiable in |ion to the Tamil overnment were inciple it will be w to one of the nt imperatives - ent zone. Under the government dress the northilitary question. overnment may e stability and neutralize both cal pressures.
of the governill, therefore, be ard rhetoric, to argued that if h its way into brale would be
destroyed locally and internationally; that there will be many desertions; that the Tigers will not be able to muster enough strength to launch major attacks; that the volume of information on the LTTE provided by the people of Jaffna (which is already said to be quite considerable) would dramatically increase.
It is also claimed that once the army moves into Jaffna it would be extremely difficult for the Tigers to revert to a pre-1987 situation, because of these
eaSOS.
Therefore most of the anti-LTTE (armed) groups see the continuation of the army's offensive into Tiger terrain in the north as a means of establishing minor domains of their power and influence. ۔
Thus, the government will increasingly find it easier and politically advantageous to address the Tamil problem as a military question. Therefore the Tamil problem as a political question is bound to lose its cogency in the schemes of India, the opposition the anti-LTTE groups and the government. The ethnic question is already a rhetorical question.
How is the Tiger planning to face these developments, in the aftermath of the President's Vavuniya approach?
The latest issue of their official organ outlines their thinking. The LTTE says: “It is the wish of the international community that the Tigers should not close the doors to finding a just solution to the Tamil national problem and that the Tigers should try all means and opportunities before taking the final decision to secede. Countries have brought diplomatic pressure on the Tigers on this basis.
The western world is pressing that the Tigers should examine a substantial arrangement for regional autonomy as an alternative to a separate state. At the same time these countries have not failed to imply that they may favour the Tamils if the Sinhala government refuses to give a just solution, steps up oppression and if a situation should arise where a political solution becomes impossible. Our political approach is determined by these international conditions.'
A brief perusal of the LTTE's rise to power would reveal that they adjust political setbacks with military gains and military setbacks with political gains.
It remains to be seen whether the President's speak soft, hit hard approach can deny the LTTE military as well as political gains.
(Sunday Island, 7.6.92).

Page 11
15 JUNE 1992
An Agenda For Pe
Fr, Paul CaspersZ
Never have I used the word 'agenda' with more regard for what it etymologically means: “things that simply have to be done'. The clock in the Jaffna clock tower had stopped ticking at, if I remember rightly, sixteen minutes past six. Yet, with the Chelvanayagam Memorial Tower, it is one of a very few high-rise structures still to stand erect in the Fort area. But the fact that it and the Tower still stand gives hope (against hope?), that there are still a few hours, to midnight.
My two immediately previous visits to Jaffna had taken place just before the Indo-Sri Lanka Accord and seven months after it began to break down. The first article ended:
(On 13 July 1987)... I returned to Kandy. More hopeless? Or more hopeful in our helplessness? The time has come for our common
humanity to rise up and say to
everyone on every side: Enough! And the second:
... Finally, though it may take years, dawn will break again upon the now benighted land.
The cry of humanity has not been loud enough and so the dawn has remained distant. Between April 1989 and March 1992 the cup of pain of the people of Jaffna had filled to the brim. Everyday life was very hard. They told the three of us (the others were an Anglican priest and a Methodist lady) that the prices of basic food items had decreased considerably from their previous extremely high levels. But they were yet much higher than in Kandy or Colombo. The poor, as so often, are the overwhelming majority and suffer most. The average birthweight of babies, we were told, has decreased most alarmingly since the outbreak of hostilities in June 1990 and is now barely above 2 kgs. Rice was Rs. 25-30 and sugar Rs. 28-32 per kilo, kerosene oil was Rs. 30 per litre, a box of matches Rs. 3, a bottle of orange barley Rs. 30, an egg Rs. 8.50-10 (without day old pullets and the transport of commercial poultry mash no deep litter is possible, so eggs can come only from free range fowls, for whom, when they get sick, no medicines are available). We found only vegetables and fish to be fresher and cheaper than in Colombo; for these the prices were moderate because of the difficulties of transport from areas of plenty to areas of scarcity, even if the latter
were only four or f price of petrol at R more than Rs.100( the sky.
Travel and tral and hazardous. Th ombo to Jaffna co per person and ta 15-16 hours; from one is lucky to ( transport to the la before 2 in the aft Lanka army is rea lam checkpoint on morning. Vehicles or a mixture of ker oil, with a few droc initial ignition. M the petrol, as we wi in their shirt pock phials with long r phials cost Rs. 80 a ten kickoffs, while Rs. 150. Electricity able for the past y adverse effects on and agriculture. W ROTE (the Resear Tamil Eelam) will the rest of us about sadly attractive bc to grow large cabb the dry zone withc er and chemical i farming may be a elsewhere, in the only farming poss and candles are ba travelling North.
“Why do they h their brassieres lamented the kin entrance to Vavu had to stop for th route.
"Surely we are and would allow a batteries for pers small candles. We tell him that we ou been courteously single torch we though we were a collect the two bat journey.
Most severe of a least for those v satisfy the more b was the acute sh People died evel causes', but the na not have led to th

TAMIL TIMES 11
aCe
ive miles away. The
s. 2400 per bottle or }0 per gallon stillhit
nsport are difficult e journey from Colsts nearly Rs. 1000 kes a minimum of Jaffna to Colombo, lo it in 24, as no goon leaves Jaffna ernoon, and the Sri dy at the Thandikuly at 9.30 the next run on kerosene oil, osene and vegetable ps of petrol for the (otor cyclists carry ould a ballpoint pen, rets in little plastic nozzles; the smaller und suffice for about the larger ones cost has not been availear and a half with education, industry When peace returns, 'ch Organization for have much to teach oil-saving, safe and ittle lamps and how ages and beetroot in ut chemical fertilizinsecticides; organic fashion for the few North today it is the ble. Torch batteries nned items for those
ide these things in
and underwear?' dly Colonel at the niya where our van first inspection en
reasonable persons nyone to take 2 or 3 onal use, or 3 or 4 hadn't the heart to rselves had already asked to empty the had in our team, sured that we could teries on our return
l the hardships - at "ho had money to
asic needs of food -
rtage of medicines. y day of “natural tural causes should e grave if the basic
pá
drugs were more easily available. That the Tigers would use them as painkillers or for treating their own sick or wounded cadres was probably the fear. But our information was that the Tigers somehow succeed to get the . medicines they need. Those who do not are the non-combatant civilians, who are the overwhelming majoritv.
Malaria has become a problem in many areas. Yet a course of chloroquin costs Rs. 60/- which the great majority of the population cannot afford, or afford only at the cost of going hungry. The danger of rabies has also assumed serious proportions because of the shortage of the anti-rabies vaccine. A high government official however told us that the people tended to use up what little vaccine was available because of unfounded fears that any dog that growled at them probably had rabies. With the shortage of food and the movement of families away from the danger zones, the number of stray dogs had increased. Numerous persons with whom we spoke urged us to do all we could to move the authorities "in the South' to attend with the utmost urgency to the medical needs of the people in the North'.
The first signs that we were about to enter a very special part of the island came to us between Kekirawa and Medawachchiya where we saw military vehicles with armed soldiers in combat fatigues proceeding northwards. At 11.30 in the morning (having left Kurunegala at 7) we reached the final army checkpoint at Thandikulam. When we left Thandikulam to enter a kilometre or so of No Man's Land, it was difficult to avoid a lump in the throat as we read BEYOND THIS AT YOUR OWN RISK. Then we came to the first Tiger checkpoint at Paranatangal. Here for the first time we saw and smelt motorbikes running on kerosene oil. I asked the young Tiger sentry in civilian clothes. 'Aren't you afraid to die?” I never heard a more spontaneous laugh until I returned to Kandy on the 16th.
'What is your theological reflection?" I asked my silent companion. "I was thinking of the Parable of the Sorrowing Father, waiting first for one son, , and then for the other' he replied. He didn't say which son went away first.
At Omanthai we saw for the first time what was to be seen at every important street corner after that, wall posters and photos commemorating the young Tiger dead. Sometimes the posters read: "These are not dead, they have only sowed the seed.' The grain of wheat must fall into the
Í ground and die before the new grains
Continued on page 12

Page 12
12. TAM TIMES
Continued from page 11
appear, a hundred for one. This seemed to be the dominant idelogy of death for the Cause. We were later told of a Tiger cemetery where the Notice firmly ordered visitors at the entrance: "No one is allowed to cry here'.
From Paranatangal to Paranthan it took us about 3 hours. From Paranthan in 1987 and 1989 the road was the usual one; to Elephant Pass, from there to Jaffna. Now civilians branch off to the east in hired tractors or on the pillion of hired motorbikes, sometimes two adults on the pillion with another small person in front of the rider, on a dusty 10-kilometre track hacked out of the shrub jungle to a place called Uriyan where the lagoon is. The western route through Pooneryn had been closed by army action.
From Uriyan South to Uriyan North across the lagoon in a sailing boat it is about four miles and takes about 90 minutes. How much at peace and suffused with the beauty of dusk was nature on the lagoon with hundreds of flamingoes in the water close to the shore, black-winged stilts looking for fish, pintails and garganey ducks flying in formation in the skies, cormorants and other birds, with the gentle ripple of the water as the oarsman steered the boat forward against the wind. Yet across the la
goon at Elephant Pass with the naked
eye could be detected the Army posts. Maybe some weary soldier spotted us with his binoculars and was filled with memories of home. At Uriyan North a Tiger Master of Ceremonies helped us ashore. He had been instructed to treat us well as we were on our way to Jaffna on a mission of peace and goodwill. Even the Tiger girls who had come ashore with us in another boat relented a little and relaxed when they saw that we were expected visitors and forced themselves to respond to our greetings with reluctant smiles. But, presumably under orders, they did not tarry for a chat but jerked their rifles into position and moved away into various huts and thatched sheds. From Uriyan North one has to get to lyakachchi from where motorbikes or trucks take people a distance of 30 miles to Jaffna town.
In Jaffna and the North over the next five days the strongest and most lasting impression we received was that the Tamil people want peace, but peace with honour founded upon justice. Our task then in Jaffna and elsewhere during our visit was to investigate what the agenda for such an honourable peace would be.
An agenda calls of these agents wol the North and thi South who actively In Jaffna itself, w one saying that complete and the had been reached that it was yet poss time when we liv played together. Bl voice struggling f an audience: there and there are poin the way to the for ses through the lat
What then are return? First, the considered as th Other. The Tamil for the second clas Tamils want to be an oppressed peopl considered as eq Tamil problem nee as the problem of The Tamil problem of the Tamil mi "numerous problem ple in the areas education and emp. to be real problem Manifesto of the 19 the First Stateme Policy in Parliamen - and the problem tants will disappeal but the way that be rugged with each c
It is the people a whether they be Si Muslims or Burgh support all moves, national, hitherto made towards a pe able solution of th been no dearth attempts at such a time of the Chelvanayagam pl the Thondaman p. ber 1991.
In 1987 came t Accord. Maybe it ca and modification. basis for a soluti honour to all sides was a single, mol decision to bring caught on the high and Sri Lanka to tr Jayewardena came teristically not too it in his interview Silva in June 1990 13:5, 1 July 1990).
M. de S.: The A.
October 1987 - 3 SOme LTTE mer hi

or agents. The first uld be the people in
thousands in the want a just peace.
heard two voices: he alienation was point of no return
the other crying ble to return to the d and prayed and it there was a third r articulation and are points of return
is of no return, but
ner inexorably paster.
the points of no
Tamil wants to be e free and equal vill no longer settle s. No longer do the considered even as e. They want to be uals. Second, the ds to be recognized the Tamil people. is not the problem litants. Solve the s' of the Tamil peoof land, language, loyment - admitted s both by the UNP 77 Elections and in nt of Government ut on 4 August 1977 of the Tamil milir. It is the only way, 2comes increasingly lay of delay.
bove everyone else, nhalese or Tamil or hers, who have to national and intermade or still to be :aceful and honoure crisis. There has
of even formal a solution from the Band a ra na ikeroposals of 1957 to roposals of Decem
he Indo-Sri Lanka illed for adjustment Yet it provided a ion of peace with s. What wrecked it numentally myopic the Tiger leaders seas between India rial in Colombo. J.R. close - but characclose - to admitting v with Mervyn de (Lanka Guardian,
2COrd broke down in months later, after ad taken cyanide?
ts'JUNË 1992
J.R.: Yes, but I am sure that was only at eXCIS, , ,
MM. de S.: But Dixit told me that he had pleaded with you to have interrogation of the captured "Tigers' in Jaffna and that he would give an Indian airforce plane to take all your investigators to where they were being held...
J.R.: I had to listen to my security officials ... Anyway, I think the Tigers would have found Some other excuse to break the Agreement...
The second set of agents are the Government and the Armed Forces of Sri Lanka. They have to agree on an immediate bilateral ceasefire, suitably monitored, probably by both national and international monitors of accepted authority and impartiality. If a fullscale attack is launched on Jaffna, the well-trained Tiger young women and men will take cover, but thousands upon thousands of civilians will die. A steady supply line of all essential goods to the North should be maintained not only for humanitarian reasons but as the surest way to win the support of the Tamil people. It is sterile to say that it is illogical for the Tiger leaders to say that they have the right to want to be the sole rulers of the Tamil people and in the same breath to say that the Sri Lankan Government has the duty to maintain uninterrupted supply lines; you cannot have your cake and eat it. For the Tiger leaders would reply, When Eelam comes, we shall fulfil our duty, but until then the responsibility is the Sri Lankan Government's.
Land colonization is land-mined. The Sinhalese people love the whole of the island. The Tamil people have particular love for that part of the island which history has led them to regard as peculiarly, though not exclusively, their own (recall He Comes from Jaffna.) So until dialogue is resumed, and a consensual accord is reached, all new state-aided settlements in sensitive border areas should be suspended.
With a view to an eventual consensus the Government and the Joint Operations Command should encourage private and official visits of persons and groups from the South to the North and from the North to the South.
The third agents are the leaders of the Tamil people. Like the Government of Sri Lanka they too should agree on an immediate bilateral ceasefire, help to maintain supply lines, freeze present settlement patterns and encourage free movement of people (maybe asking rich Tamils to return home and not escape to foreign lands),
Continued on page 16

Page 13
15 JUNE 1992
|BANNING OF LITTE BY
"Domestic Compulsio
TO Indian Ban
Prof. Shelton Kodikara University of Colombo
The divergent Shri Lankan reactions to India's recent ban on the LTTE, and the diverse speculation which surrounds the possible motives for it in political circles here tend to overlook one important dimension of it, namely that the decision sprang from domestic political compulsions in India as much as from considerations of Indo-Shri Lankan inter-state relations.
I was among a group of participants attending an international seminar organised by the Indian Council for South Asian Co-operation in New Delhi earlier this month, who were hosted to dinner by Prime Minister Narasimha Rao in the spacious lawn of his modest official residence. Although the time he could spend with the invitees was short, he did exchange a word or two with all those who went up to pay their respects to him. He was telling a fellow Shri Lankan participant in my hearing: "This is your problem not ours, and again: "I am under pressure to ban the LTTE'.
And the pressure was gathering momentum with each passing day, because 21st May 1992 was the first anniversary of the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi, and the Prime Minister was being called upon to take some action against the LTTE before that date. The pressure came principally from Tamil Nadu, but there were also articulate Opposition politicians, like Dr. Subramaniam Swamy of the Janata Dal who wanted the LTTE proscribed. Apart from Tamil Nadu's Chief Minister Jayalalitha's concern that the assassins of Rajiv Gandhi must be brought to book, she also felt that any LTTE presence in her State was destabilizing, and constituted a threat to her own life.
The LTTE has denied any implication with the assassination. The designated court investigating the matter in Madras has accepted the charge sheet issued by the Special Investigating Team (SIT), the 1000-page report which has named 41 persons with conspiracy to assassinate, and with the assassination, of Gandhi. Twelve of the 41 are Indian nationals, the others are Shri Lankan Tamils. Some of those indicted are dead, some are in custody, and some are on the wanted list. In the latest development in the
case, the Govern ported to have re. tion of Prabhakar, and two of his lieu
Official Indian to the full LTTE had implications Rajiv assassinati Chavan's stateme Sunday Observer example, refers called the Tamil Troops, who are a and armed in Ja. their being sent the separation ol India. In this st was also accusec couragement al chauvinistic grou which openly pri engage in unlaw statement goes on
'We have also links establish United Front Assam (ULF, stands declare association. Be ties, we are o! larger objecti beyond estab. Eelam in Nor Shri Lanka ar. the sovereignt tegrity of our c
The B.
India's ban of t expected. It is 1 LTTE's alleged assassination of mier Rajiv Gan ment afforded te break up India's and the threat th life, law and ord particular which revealed made th The ban was s the Indian mec Tamil newspape
 
 

TAL TMIES 13
nS Led
ment of India is requested the extradian, the LTTE leader, ltenants. statements relating ban suggest that it going beyond the on itself. Minister nt published in the of 17th May, for to an organisation National Retrieval illeged to be trained ffna with a view to o India to work for i Tamil Nadu, from atement, the LTTE of providing ennd inspiration to ps in Tamil Nadu each secession and rful activities'. The
to say: come to know of the led by LTTE with for Liberation of A) which already !d as an unlawful cause of these activif the view that the ve of LTTE goes lishment of Tamil th-Eastern parts of d poses a threat to y and territorial inountry.'
The allegations are hotly denied by the LTTE. But they sustain our argument that considerations of Indian domestic politics had a lot to do with the ban.
Relations with Shri Lanka are always important to India, but just at this moment India has its plate full with other problems. The changing relationship with the United States in the context of the Indo-Russian agreement for the transfer of rocket technology is one of these, the reconstruction of the Indo-Russian relationship itself is another top priority. Then, there are the perennial problems of Kashmir and Punjab. On the domestic front, the impending presidential elections in India in July this year might demand all the attention of the Prime Minister and the Indian government. There is also the all-important problem of the country tiding over its economic crisis, steering itself over the newly announced package of marketoriented economic reforms, and sorting out a stable relationship with the IMF and World Bank.
Given our situation and the geopolitical realities of our relationship with India, we Shri Lankans tend to think that India is our biggest problem (which may be right), and to visualize a continual Indian preoccupation with Shri Lanka, which is quite wrong. India's banning of the LTTE obviously applies to the confines of India's territory, and may be to its adjacent seas. It cannot apply within the territorial jurisdiction of Shri Lanka. It is up to the Government of Shri Lanka to sort out how the ban (a) affects its own relationship with India, and (b) impinges on its own peace process and attempt to find a political solution of the ethnic problem.
an Can't be implemented n Sri Lanka Easily”
Prof. Bertram Bastiampilai University of Colombo
he LTTE has been not a surprise. The involvement in the former Indian Predhi, the encourageforces that plan to unity by the Tigers eir members posed to er in Tamil Nadu in Indian investigations e ban inevitable. (rongly demanded by ia except for some 's in Tamil Nadu. It
was more forcibly urged by Chief Minister Jayalalitha Jayaram and her supporters.
The government could not forfeit the support of Jayalalitha and her group, both at the Central and State levels and the Centre had to be deferential to her particularly where it could do little in regard to other bones of contention such as the Kaveri water dispute.
The only fear expressed has been whether the ban could be used as cover to persecute political adversaries by
Continued on page 14

Page 14
14 TAM TIMES
Continued from page 13
Jayalalitha and her ruling AIADMK. Time will show whether this fear is founded in fact but it is a fair apprehension.
At this point, a tricky question has been raised. Why single out the LTTE when the EPRLF's one-time Chief Minister Varatharaja Perumal who had announced a unilateral declaration of independence in Shri Lanka was left free? Obviously India disting
uishes the paper Tigers' from the real
animal.
The ban, in fact, will hurt those such as who possess LTTE literature in India, publicly advocate Tiger causes or objectives and who can be identified as having links with the LTTE and are in India. However, the prime LTTE figures have already quit India. The horse has bolted before the stable door was closed. The ban is now a preventive or precautionary measure for times to come. It is hoped that the measures will not hurt genuine refugees in Tamil Nadu - a reasonable fear, indeed.
In Shri Lanka, the government is battling the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). This is a more grievous step than the mere banning. Shri Lanka wants the LTTE subdued, annihilated or driven to surrender so that they may have an upper hand in any negotiation with the group. The ban is academic when the Tigers are alive, and fighting back in the North and even the East. They are already outlawed and militarily confronted and a pronouncement of a ban now is not going to do more to stifle them. Further the Tigers will - until militarily defeated - act as rebels despite a ban which cannot be implemented in practice easily. The ban is wanted by oppositional elements. The more politic and constructive gesture would be to evolve a package that would meet Tamil aspirations and give Tamils autonomy and rights to live as equals as the majority.
What the government and the opposition should do is to gain the confidence of ex-militant groups who are now co-operating with the government and the others who have endeavoured to redress Tamil grievances non-violently such as the TULF and the ACTC. More than a ban, the need is for a political will to settle the conflict that has wrought so much damage to all communities in the country. More repression will only lead to further alienation and strengthen the Tigers' hold on Tamils where a solution is the need of the hour which will leave the Tigers with no role to play as rebels.
The Indian ban, h other countries whic maintain cordiality dia, a principal powe frown upon and disa ger activities. This w advantage of Shri L.
The extradition of named in the assassi be considered in terr. legal provisions, the the SAARC Convent
“The Bal
(Who
India banned the Lil Tamil Eelam (LTTE rious domestic comp clude the pressure f Chief Minister, Jaya and her AIADMK, Tamil Nadu Congr assassination of form Rajiv Gandhi. It is whether the ban v Lanka or not. But or to understand is that help Shri Lanka. It taken in the interests in the interests of I tions.
When Shri Lanka requests to India to activities, India mail fast silence. On the went on extending assistance to the LT grant of Rs. 40 mi] given by the then Chi Ramachandran on the of the Centre. The wh that the LTTE had be organisation because help.
When we wanted tion against the LT was steadfast silence. when the LTTE w. against India - fight New Delhi did not t the LTTE. Now they h
“The Sr
Every country must its own interests and f its own citizens. By bal India has taken into own integrity and th region. India had n( interests of Shri Lank

15 JUNE 1992
wever, will make naturally like to ith populous Inin South Asia to prove public Till rebound to the Inka.
he Tiger leaders ation case has to s of Shri Lankan elevant terms of on on Terrorism,
and in accordance with convention and practice governing international relations.
More importantly, the Tiger leaders have to be captured. After all Shri Lanka herself has issues to be arraigned against them. Even India failed to trap the Tiger leaders although, as General Depinder Singh acknowledges, the IPKF were close on their scent on more than one occasion.
Adds Fue to the Fire”
Ven. Madampagama Assaji Thera ed the Buddhist Mission to Jaffna recently).
eration Tigers of ) because of vaulsions. They in'om Tamil Nadu lalitha Jeyaram pressure from ess (II) and the r prime minister too early to say jould help Shri le thing we have it was not done to was not a step of Shri Lanka or ndo-Lanka rela
repeatedly made curb the LTTE htained a steadcontrary, they every possible TE including a lion which was af Minister, M.G. covert approval ole world knows come a powerful of the Indian
ndia to take acE, again there Even at a time is waging war ng the IPKF - ink of banning ave done that in
their own interests. There is no reason why Shri Lanka should follow India. Of course, if by following India we serve the interests of our country, then we should not hesitate to do so. But we need not follow our neighbour blindly.
Banning the LTTE at this stage will definitely hamper peace efforts. After talking to the LTTE leadership in Jaffna - here I must clarify that we did not talk to third grade leaders as some opposition people suggested - I am of the opinion that we can solve this problem through negotiations. At this crucial stage one should not take any action which would hamper the peace process.
The Opposition says the LTTE should be banned. If by banning the LTTE we can stop this senseless war, we must immediately ban that organisation. But can you eliminate an armed militant organisation by merely banning it? Furthermore, there are many other Tamil and Muslim armed militant organisations. If the LTTE is to be banned all others also must be banned.
We condemn the assassination of the great Indian leader, Rajiv Gandhi. However, we have to give the benefit of the doubt to the LTTE until it is proved that the LTTE was responsible for the murder. I feel banning the LTTE at this stage would be adding fuel to the fire.
Ban WiI NOt SOVe Lanka's Problem
Rev. Fr. Alfred Alexander St. Philip Neris Church, Colombo
:t according to r the welfare of ning the LTTE, insideration its security of its acted in the in any way.
The most important thing for our country today is to solve the ethnic problem. So, the banning of the LTTE is not going to help solve that problem as, so far as we are concerned, negotiations had to be conducted with it to get
Continued on page 21

Page 15
15 JUNE 1992
PƏOpOUIS & POU
Rumpus in Parliament
Strange things have been happening in the Sri Lankan parliament leading to a crisis in the relationship between the governing party and the opposition. On 19 May, the acting leader of the house Wijepala Mendis took the opposition by surprise when he announced that the government would not answer or respond to any questions asked by the Opposition. When MPs from the opposition whose questions had already appeared in the order paper protested claiming that failure or refusal to answer questions was against Standing Orders, a helpless or rather a powerless’ Speaker said that members were entitled to ask questions, but he could not force anybody to reply to them. One by one, the listed Opposition MPs went through the motion of asking their questions, but there was no response from the government side to any of the questions. "The government is not answering. I am helpless. I adjourn the House until 9am tomorrow', the Speaker announced.
Earlier on the same day, when several regulations under the Appropriation Act were being taken up for debate, a "closure motion' was moved on behalf of the government thus preventing opposition MPs from speaking and bringing an end to the debate. The protests by the Opposition went unheeded.
On the following day (20 May), further turmoil and protests from opposition MPs followed when government ministers refused to answer any questions on the alleged ground that the opposition was not cooperating with the government. Having failed to bring some resolution to the dispute with his "fervent appeals', the Speaker continued to call out the names of Members to ask the questions listed in their names. There were nineteen questions listed all of which were asked one after another and none of them elicited any answers from the government side.
Again the government rushed through 16 resolutions by guillotining the debate with a series of closure motions amidst uproar from the opposition benches.
Forty-eight opposition MPs staged a "Sathiyagraha', a sit-in protest, in front of the parliament building to protest against what they described as the suppression of their freedom of expression in parliament. They walked in a procession from the main gate of
the parliamentar the steps leadin building.
Trouble has be the government from the time the to debate or answ to three matters regarded as matt
ce.
First the govel procedural tech judice rule, reful cussion relating t revelations abou by death squad Cats', corruption places, abuse of p time mighty and spector General Udugampola on lowing the instit by the Attorney DIG and editors under Emergenc and (E) with cau and contempt oft Lanka, all the all the DIG's statem - under judicial box : "The Sub-ju
The second iss lated publication Commissioner o General Election 1989 amidst wid timidation and all tices.
The third issue by the Auditor Ge made adverse col tral Bank and its ditor General, wh able to parliame fused to approve when in his repc inability “to expre accounts presente the 'denial by the information with connected with Central Bank'.
The irregulariti report include (a information for a the accounts, (c) in against revenue, and understatem inappropriate c accounts, (f) appa (g) apparent ove ficiencies in land ficiencies in cont (j) non-compliance regulations, (k) e
 

TAMTMAS 15
GS
y complex and sat on g to the parliament
en brewing between
and the opposition government refused er questions relating which the opposition ers of public import
nment, invoking the nicality of the sub sed to allow any diso the much publicised t mass scale killings s known as "Black and bribery in high power etc., by the one powerful Deputy Inof Police, Premadasa the ground that, folution of proceedings General against the of some newspapers y Regulations 26(A) sing hostility, ill-will he Government of Sri egations contained in ents were subjudice consideration. (See dice Perehera”).
ue related to the beof the Report of the f Elections on the is held in February espread violence, inlegations of malprac
related to the Report eneral for 1990 which mments on the Cens Governor. The Auto is directly accountnt, has virtually rethe Bank's accounts »rt he expressed his 'ss an opinion on the 2d' to him because of Governor of access to
respect to matters the accounts of the
es identified by AG’s ) failure to furnish udit, (b) omissions in nappropriate charges
(d) overstatements ents in accounts, (e) lisclosures in the rent fictitious assets, erpayments, (h) de
transactions, (i) deract administration, with laws, rules and xcessive destruction
of currency notes, (l) systems and controls not being adequate to establish the accuracy of books and records, etc.
The report of the AG also notes, inter alia, that (a) six files relating to foreign travels by the Governor were withheld from disclosure to the AG; (b) of the Rs. 38,633,201 spent on the Banks 40th Anniversary Celebrations, Rs. 34,412,724 was classified under 'sundry expenses' without proper identification and certification, and Rs. 30 million of this amount was donated to the private Jayawardenepura Hospital in contravention of established rules and without specific cabinet approval; (c) the deficiencies in land transactions include one case of a purchase of land for Rs. 21,728,000 based on a valuation report of a private valuer obtained for the vendor, and the liabilities of the vendor to a lending institution amounting to Rs. 11.5 million were settled prior to the transaction.
One of the most grave and disturbing aspects revealed in this saga is the forgery of the signature of the Auditor General on the Balance Sheet of the Central Bank
Because of the wide publicity that the AG's report received, the Prime Minister, who is also the Minister of Finance, thought it appropriate to make a statement before Parliament which amounted to a defence of the Governor of the Central Bank and the Ministry of Finance. The Opposition seemed outraged when the government refused to allow opposition MPs to speak on either the Auditor General's Report or the Prime Minister's statement.
Opposition leaders have now submitted a resolution expressing NoConfidence in the Speaker, Mr. M.H. Mohamed, alleging that he has failed to protect the right of free expression by MPs. On the other hand, the conduct of six opposition MPs has been referred to the parliament's Committae of Privileges on a government motion. They have been accused of having shouted insults including making racist remarks and throwing papers and books at the Speaker, Mr. M.H. Mohamed.
k Defamation Case
Strange as it may seem, a defendant who is facing a claim of one million rupees in a defamation case in the Colombo District Court has asked that the hearing of the case against her be expedited. Normally, in such a case it is the plaintiff who filed the case who
Continued on page 16

Page 16
16 TAMIL TIMES
The other day I went to the corner shop to buy some groceries, and by way of conversation asked the mudalali why there was no price list on display. He asked me if I had not heard of the principle of subjudice.
How would sub-judice apply to this, I asked.
He asked me whether I did not know that one could not discuss or comment on what is before the courts.
“Does that mean the Price Control authorities have filed action against you for non-display of prices?
No. There are so many cases of the same type before the courts
have been properly disposed of I won't permit discussion about price lists at my shop. The matter is sub-judice'.
Well well, so who's to object to such a liberal interpretation of the law.
If everyone gets on to interpreting the law, and especially the principle of sub-judice in such ready and simple terms, the problem of the governance of Lanka will soon become a very simple matter. A government which observes the sub-judice idea so meticulously would be able to control the Press with no need for Emergency Reg
awaiting adjudication. Until they
The Sub-judice Pere
- by Lucian Rajakarunanayake
ulations, censor authorities. All file a few indi relating to the h day, and hey pre plies. Mum's the
If corruption is government cou ate action again. of such cases an all discussion of
Similarly, in e activity, what wi for every minist judice officer att difficult to secc from the Attor partment, who lightening as o stated, to these Additional Secre would have to do papers for matte) be interested in courts with an in cussion, includin, ment, is instantl What you and for the next May all go to Galle Fa the dimensions
power, no pun after those hot days.
I see the same and humiliation which we saw in
Continued from page 15 would be eager to expedite the case and the defendant would seek to prolong it as long as possible.
In this case, the plaintiff is a Senior Superintendent of Police, Mr. Gurusinghe who has filed the action against Mrs. Manorani Saravanamuttu, the mother of assassinated journalist Richard de Zoysa, claiming damages
Continued from page 12
free expression and free discussion of alternate models of devolution and nationhood.
Peace is the agenda of the hour. But peace is not possible without justice. To achieve it what is needed is not knowledge of what is right and just but the moral and political determination to achieve it. The alternative for the Country Beloved is altogether too terrible to consider.
(Fr. Paul Caspersz visited Jaffna recently as a member of Christian Peace Mission.)
amounting to one
Gurusinghe has a been defamed by M when she in a stat had identified Mr. of the persons in abducted her son v murdered.
Mrs. Saravanan Counsel Mr. Batt requested the Chi the District to hea her without any ment. The request of reports that set District Court hav this case.
År Abdu Prof. B
Professor Ralph abducted on 26 Ju. to address a semi detention and was

15 JUNE 1992
hera
ship or competent one needs to do is tments in courts ottest issues of the sto, sub-judice apword.
a major issue, the d on its own initist the most glaring d instantly silence the matter.
very other area of ll soon be needed is ry to have a subached. It won't be ond some officers ney General’s Dework like greased ne editorial aptly posts, possibly at tary level. All they ) is scan the newsrs the public would , and rush to the ndictment. All disg debate in parliay silenced.
I could do is wait Day when we can ce Green and enjoy of the cut-out of intended so soon and bothersome
attitude of insult of the judiciary the not too distant
past in this new respect for sub judice. With the judges in our courts being men and women of learning and experience, skilled in weighing the merits or otherwise of the evidence placed before the courts, I do not see why discussion should be stifled merely because a matter is up for adjudication.
There could be some need for caution in the instance of trial by jury. Even in such instances, there are other countries with more vibrant legal systems, where public discussion is permitted with adequate, often extreme, safeguards to prevent the jurors being influenced by such discussion.
To keep dancing about waving the signboard of sub-judice means that one does not really extend to the judiciary and the courts the respect they deserve for their honesty, independence of thought and experience in the law. You don't need the mob before the judge's home; all you need is to let the silence of sub-judice do the work, and lower the esteem with which the public holds the courts by giving more than a broad hint that the courts could be swayed by public discussion.
What's more, as one saw at last Thursday's Cabinet Press Briefing, the idea of sub-judice enforced silence is also being extended to committees of injury and other special inquiries which have no judicial status. The day of the Sub-Judice Perehera is not too far away.
(Extract from the Sunday Island, 10.5.92).
million rupees. Mr. lleged that he had Írs. Saravanamuttu sement to the police Gurusinghe as one the group which who was later found
huttu, through her y Weerakoon, has ef Justice to direct ar the case against
further postponefollows in the wake veral judges of the re declined to hear
Iction of uultjens
Buultjens was ne 1988 on his way nar, kept in illegal s subsequently re
leased unharmed. It was generally believed that the abduction was aimed at preventing him from speaking at the seminar. In spite of a complaint made by the professor to the police, whatever investigations that were carried out did not result in anyone being apprehended or prosecuted. The professor did not know the identity of his abductors.
Quite unexpectedly rumours, presumably based on unofficial leaks, began to circulate during the early part of 1991 about the possible involvement of a former Minister in the abduction, and it soon emerged that the authorities had obtained sufficient evidence regarding the abduction of the professor to mount a criminal prosecution.
Four persons were charged in the High Court of Colombo, and the first accused in the case was a former Cabinet Minister and a leading UNP
Continued on page 21

Page 17
15 JUNE 1992
NEWS ROUND-UP
O THE PRESIDENT of the Upcountry Peoples Front (UPF), Periyaswamy Chandrasekaram, and two other officials of the Front, Vice President Vadivelu Thangavelu Tharmalingam (who is a school principal) and Secretary Bawa Abdul Cader were indicted on 18 May in the High Court of Kandy with having harboured Varathan, the alleged LTTE's mastermind behind the bomb attack on the Joint Operations Command (JOC) of the Army in Colombo last year. They are charged under the Prevention of Terrorism Act with having harboured Varathan between 22 June and 4 July 1991 at Talawakele and for withholding information about him. Cader is facing an additional charge of aiding and abetting.
Varathan was hiding in a cottage in the Chrisler farm in Talawakele when he was tracked down by detectives. He committed suicide by swallowing a cyanide pill when he was about to be arrested. The defendants pleaded not guilty, and the judge fixed trial for 2 September 1992.
A few weeks earlier, a Colombo businessman named Balachandran,in whose lorry Varathan had travelled to Talawakele, pleaded guilty in the High Court of Colombo to charges of withholding information about the whereabouts of Varathan.
O THE SUPREME COURT recently granted leave to proceed with the fundamental rights violation application by W.K. Chandrasiri, a person held in detention under the Emergency Regulations, who alleged that he had been detained for over two years without any charges in addition to having been sent for rehabilitation, even after the police had said that he was exonerated of any charge. The petition also alleged that he had been arrested on 27 June 1990 without any reasons having been given for the arrest, and he was subsequently detained in a police station and an army camp.
OMR PRINS GUNASEKARA, Attorney-at-Law and former member of parliament, who is presently in the United Kingdom having fled from Sri Lanka some two years ago following threats to his life during the height of the campaign against the JVP, has sued the state-controlled Associated Newspapers of Ceylon Ltd., (Lake House) for damages in a sum of five million rupees over an article published in the Daily News of 17 May 1990 under the headline "Tarbrush Campaign Against Lankans in London'. Mr. Gunasekera has alleged that
the article was false, malicious injuriandi, and hatred, ridicule
In a similar a High Court ag. pany, the court Gunasekera a damages.
O THE CID, p busted a gold sn air parcels bran several business and postal depa) on the basis of customs officials from their posts accepting Rs. 1 consignee of an gold biscuits wo rupees.
The racket wa at the air parcel and the smuggle over the former a gold biscuit mouth. Investigi fighting led thi millionaire bus ombo, two cust postal employe CID. 67 gold parcels address shops in Panchi March and wer but not before a cut a hole in one gold biscuit in h
O EIGHTEEN is University of E suspended inde ragging "freshe ing the Dean of dons and the
hostage for nea
O SRI LANKA” overshoot origi billion rupees t Finance Minist) expenditure for 18.4 billion, up estimated earli funds are expe special defence
O NEVILLE Lanka's ambas interview publ that capturing karan, for whic reported to be task. "The whol sula is de facto LTTE. The w government do We don't know is...so militar present a matt by some good f into the hanc

TAMIL TIMES 17
defamatory of him, nd published animus has brought him into und contempt. :tion filed in London inst the same comast year awarded Mr. sum of £150,000 in
ort section, recently uggling racket in the ch with the arrest of men, customs officials tment personnel, and the CID report, two have been interdicted for alleged bribery in 00,000 each from a air parcel containing rth over five million
s bared when a porter section at Hulftsdorp rs' agents had a fight attempting to conceal by putting it in his ations into the cause of CID to arrest four inessmen from Coloms officers and two es. According to the biscuits in three air ed to three fictitious kawatte arrived on 29 e cleared on 12 April, suspicious porter had of them and shoved a is mouth. enior students of the Peradeniya have been finitely for allegedly 's' recently, and holdhe Arts Faculty, three chief security officer ly four hours. S defence budget will lal estimates by three nis year. According to y officials, the defence the year would be Rs. from Rs. 15.4 billion r this year. The extra ited to come from the levy and other taxes.
KANAKARATNE, Sri sador in India, in an shed on 24 May said LTTE leader Prabhase extradition India is asking, was a difficult of the northern peninunder the control of the it of the Sri Lankan s not run in that area. n where Prabhakaran y capturing him is at r of speculation.. but rtune if he were to fall of the Sri Lankan
forces, then arises the question of extradition'. Kanakaratne derided suggestions of an Indian commando raid to capture Prabhakaran, calling it 'kite-flying by some irresponsible and loud-mouthed politicians.' No responsible government would under. take such a mission, he said.
O THE LEADER of the Sri Lanka Muslim Congress recently said that the SLMC was for a merger of the northern and eastern provinces with provision for two provincial councils one of which should consist of the present electorates of Kalmunai, Sammanthurai and Pottuvil and should have the powers presently enjoyed by other Provincial Councils. The prospects for peace in the north and east depended on a political settlement between the Tamil and Muslim communities. The Congress would not permit the southern communalists to divide the Tamils and Muslims and establish their hegemony over both the communities. O JANATHA PARTY President, Dr. Subramaniam Swamy said on 22 May that if Sri Lanka expressed its inability to apprehend the LTTE leader V. Prabhakaran, India should be given a free hand to accomplish the task. The failure to bring the Tiger leader to trial for having masterminded the killing of Rajiv Gandhi would be in insult to the entire nation. Dr. Swamy also suggested that the Indian government should announce a reward of one crore rupees to anyone giving concrete information that would lead to the capture of Prabhakaran.
O SRI LANKA HAS one of the highest rates of suicide in the world today. The island’s ratio of forty suicides per 100,000 of population is higher than that of the USA and Japan, countries in which the suicide rate is considered to be very high. Only a few Scandinavian countries do have a slightly higher ratio than Sri Lanka, Prof. K. Tudor Silva, head of the department of Sociology at the University of Peradeniya, said at a recent seminar,
O CUSTOMS OFFICERS recently recovered foreign currency valued at Rs. 15 million concealed in cane baskets containing live crabs for export. The baskets were inside the air cargo complex at Katunayake and were to be sent to Singapore by a local exporting company. The foreign currency comprising US dollars, pounds sterling, Japanese yen, Swiss and French francs, Deuschemarks, Saudi ryals and Kuwaiti dinars had been wrapped in cellophane and tucked inside two of the 33 cane baskets containing live crabs.

Page 18
18 TAMILTIMES
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Page 19
15 JUNE 1992
The Language of th Valley Civilisation – :
by T. Pathmanathan"
By the year 523 BC when Buddha began to preach a faith that has spread across the greater part of ASIA and is followed by around a fourth of the world's population, Indian civilisation had already experienced long and successive phases of which we possess almost no historical vestiges. It was left to two of the greatest archaeologists of the 20th century, Sir John Marshall and Sir Mortimer Wheeler to begin the monumental task of unearthing one of the oldest and highly developed civilisations of the ancient world. It is a culture and civilisation older than the better known civilisations of Egypt, Babylon, Persia and even the Chinese civilisation.
In the twin cities of Mohenjadaro and Harappa - in an area covered by the province of Punjab in the presentday Pakistan - there flourished a civilisation that has excited the imagination and challenged the skills of the greatest archaeologists, historians, linguists, anthropologists, scriptologists and others interested in unravelling the mysteries of the "lost civilisations like, for example, the Maya civilisation of Central America and the civilisation that produced the monumental edifices of ANGKHOR VAT. in Cambodia.
The Indus Valley civilisation - so named, because it embraces within its fold the land within the five tributaries of the river Indus in Pakistan - caught the attention of historians after the archaeological excavations during the inter-war period (particularly those
done between 1922-1926) by Sir John
Marshall and Sir Mortimer Wheeler these excavations were unfortunately interrupted by the Second World War and later by the tragic Indo-Pakistan Wars and its aftermath. Till recent years, however, the nature, origins and identity of this civilisation was something of an enigma as the earlier scholarship in this field was handicapped by paucity of material and inadequate funding and severely limited in method and interpretation.
Recent examples in the methodology of research combined with the enormous financial resources expended on the project by the U.N.E.S.C.O.
"The author, an alumnus of the University of Georgetown, Washington DC and a former Secretary of the Ministry of information of the Govt. of Sri Lanka presently resides in UK. He was a recipient of the 'Fulbright Award" by the US Govt.
together with t technology have enigmatic natur The recent wor research papers - a Contemporal by Dr. Gregory L. South Asian Re versity of Pennsy the University's S ogy Museum ha our understandin civilisation and western historia regarded as the mysterious Orier has been aptly de resource which pr art perspective 0 greatest achievem It has now bee) to earlier views - tions (all pre-Chr Persian, Egyptian dus Valley - did I central point but c at several points i rent points of tim theory'. It is now c the Indus Valley c shall refer to as t lisation - was indig sub-continent and nomadic or mara was speculated up These recent find and laid to rest the platitudes that f European Aryans
western India ciu
entered a savage primitive dark-s driven them sout their military pro metallurgy
Sir John Marsh dus Valley Civili civilisation at thes an incipient civ already age-old a Indian soil, with human endeavour Marshall contin fore ever the Ary this area (of preser enjoying an adval perior to that O Egypt. They were highly developed vestige of Indo-Ary found'.
It has also no that the Harapp. reached a remark.

TAR TIMES 19
2 Indus 3000BC
he use of advanced largely dispelled the ! of this civilisation. k - a collection of - “Harappan Culture y Perspective' edited Possehl, Professor of gional Studies, Univania and Curator of outh Asian Archaeolprofoundly altered g of this hitherto lost transformed what is had till recently agan culture of the t! This publication scribed as 'a unique 2sents a state-of-thef one of mankind's Lents”. h accepted, contrary that these civilisaistian) - Sumerian, , Babylonian and Inhot spread from one leveloped separately n the globe at diffee viz. the ‘diffusion ommon ground that ivilisation — which II he 'Harappan' civigenous to the Indian not brought in by uding "invaders' as on in earlier years. ngs have dispelled earlier theories and air nomadic Indowho invaded northca 2000 BC, had and inhabited by a kinned race and hwards largely by wess and skills in
ull in his work, “Insation' stated "the e two places is not lisation but one, nd stereotyped on many millennia of behind it'. ed: “5000 years beans were heard of day Pakistan) was ced civilisation suMesopotamia or in possession of a ulture in which no an influence is to be
been established n civilisation had bly advanced level
'when the so-called Aryans entered India from Central Asia and eventually destroyed this civilisation'. It was more an urban rather than a rural civilisation (unlike the Aryan which was pastoral) in the sense that the
i
population was concentrated in towns
with their streets laid out in grid patterns denoting an advanced level of town planning. Evidence has also been discovered of excellent sewage and water systems and even public baths
excelling the much publicised baths of
Emperor Caracalla in ancient Rome of a much later eral Evidence has also been unearthed that the houses were spaciously designed and were of baked brick; some of them had sculpture and jewellery within of better quality than those found in the buried cities (now unearthed) of Pompei in South Italy. This splendid urban civilisation was, however, supported by a flourishing agriculture based on wheat, barley and the palm tree and the domestication of the buffalo, the ox, sheep, camel and elephant.
Harappan culture, its origins, identity, duration and its eventual disappearance has fascinated scholars for several decades after the initial pioneering work of Marshall and Wheeler. This has led to many revolutionary discoveries largely by the use of the new methodology in historical research due to the advancement of science and technology viz. carbondating, computer concordances, statigraphy, context analysis etc.
Kenneth A.R. Kennedy, Professor of Anthropology of Cornell University, U.S.A. in his study "The Interface of Archaeology and Skeletal Biology in the Study of the Harappan Civilisation' raised the fundamental issue "To what ancient race did the Harappans belong?' Allied to this arose the equally baffling question “what language did they speak and what script did they use?' The first question got bogged down in conflicting theories of anthropologists whether they were IndoEuropean, Pre-Dravidian, Negritoid, Nordic, Irano-Afghan, Aryan, Mongolid, Scytho-Dravidian or Dravidian etc., till the second issue was resolved.
The real clue to identifying an
ancient culture is now believed to be in
the realm of scriptology, if data is available rather than in anthropology i.e. in the language or script that was then used. Most of the scripts in the ancient world in the pre-Christian (or pre-Jewish era) were the cuneiform script of the Sumerian civilisation or
the hieroglyphics of ancient Egypt.
The greatest discovery of the scientists who worked on the Indus Valley
Continued on page 20

Page 20
20 TAMIL TIMES
Continued from page 19
civilisation was the discovery of an original script that had no connection with either of these two scripts. This has now been identified and classified as the 'Harappan Script' found in more than 800 seals, a script that runs from left to right and continues thereafter from right to left.
Decoding this most ancient of all scripts remained unsuccessful till the famous Russian linguist, Yuri Knorosov who had the distinction of having cracked the hitherto undeciphered ancient MAYA script of Central America turned his attention to the Indus Valley code. He was supported in this task of decoding by a highly trained team equipped with computers and the latest technology in historical research from the Soviet Institute of Ethnography in Moscow, and his findings are published by the Institute under the caption: "The Report on the Investigation of the Proto-Indian Texts of Harappa'.
One conclusion they reached was that the Harappan people did a lot of writing particularly on manuscripts of palm leaves and boards; several writing instruments, brushes and ceramic ink pots had been discovered. A good many of these inscriptions had been found in ceramic vessels or statuettes brought to temples by worshippers or handed by priests to the worshippers.
Knorosov established a clear sequence in the writing viz. that the inscriptions consisted of the name or title of a god followed by a reference to a calendar formula indicating when the offering was made to the temple; then it was followed by the symbol of an animal usually a goat, tiger, ox, capricorn, auroch and another (undeciphered) animal each of these representing a season of the year. From this Knorosov proceeded to estabish that this priest-astronomer-class in Harappan society had a highly developed calendar which combined lunar and solar observations and that they were thereby able to calculate the cyclical movements of the Sun, Moon and Jupiter, in particular, the time it took for Jupiter to move round the Sun
This remarkable familiarity of these ancient people with the science of astronomy, with the movements of the celestial bodies with the Sun as the centre of the universe, places them far far ahead - millenia ahead of Copernicus. It is no wonder that this scientific tradition led later to that "most unique and fundamental of scientific discoveries for which India is the home - the discovery of the number Zero (which Arab travellers took to the west) without which modern mathematics would be wholly inconceivable'.
The discovery c script however, w many of the earliel age with the public puterized concorda between them the scriptional material civilisation. Based ances vhich enable lar to verify their h ing the script and guage, some positi now found common
1) The Harappan to any of the co, raphic scripts of millenium BC. 2) This script is much later Indian, 3) This script is Sumerian or othe tral Asian languag The question then investigating schola was a lost languag third millennium BC deciphered or decode his team found sup and interpretation fr in this field. Further by (1) A. Parpola's ment of the Proto-In in the Indus Valle Copenhagen by the stitute of Asian Stuc of G.R. Hunter "The S and Mohenjadaro London.
Two clear reaso adduced by scholars assumption that it script: (a) it is an axi that no code or cyphel resist deciphering for cient material is ava quent excavations at fied this drawback; (b vast extent and the a: duration of the Hara it is unlikely, even un Indian tradition with continuity and vitalit preserved at least so Harappan culture.
Several valuable c found for an under contents of the Harap] link with the perenn tion. The pictorial n with these inscripti the depiction of god Mahadeva”, phalic veneration of the pip serpent clearly esta quired interconnectic Harappan inscription yet surviving, Indian symbolism occupies a in the form of worship

15 JUNE 1992
if this Harappan nich had bafiled scholars came of ation of two comces which cover entire known inof the Harappan in these concordthe trained schoypotheses regardypology of a lanve findings have acceptance:-
script is not related
teтporary pictogthe 2nd or 3rd
not related to the scripts like Brahmi
not related to the * Western Or Cen
eS.
arose among the rs whether this e (spoken in the 3) that cannot be d? Knorosov and porting evidence om other scholars light was thrown study Decipherdian Inscriptions sy' published in Scandinavian Inlies; (2) the work Script of Harappa published in
ons have been which negate the could be a lost om of scriptology can successfully
all time if suffilable; the subse, Harappa recti) considering the stonishingly long ppan civilisation tenable, that the ts acknowledged y could not have me facets of the
lues were then tanding of the an script and its al Indian tradiotifs associated ns particularly Pasupati”, Sivasymbolism, the al tree and the blished the rein between the ; and the later, radition; phallic
central position
in South India.
Finally, using the principle of contextanalysis of historical research with reference to their background particularly the stratigraphy of the pictorial motifs associated with the inscriptions, Knorosov and others made the fundamental breakthrough in cracking the Harappan code and established that "the typology of the Harappan language is non-Indo-European and resembles the Dravidian languages very closely particularly the Tamil and Malayalam languages of South India'.
Even after the Harappan script ceased to be a formal writing system, the more important ideograms survived, for example the iconographic and other religious elements, numismatic evidence by way of emblems on coins, royal insignia etc: these amply support Knorosov's findings. These comparisons have been found to be consistent with the formal textual analysis of the inscriptions. "The method of "bilingual parallels' also confirmed the link between the Harappan culture and the yet surviving religious and linguistic Dravidian traditions'. These findings, of a consensus of scholars, from various parts of the world (vide bibliographical notes) were reached, therefore, without any a priori assumptions of the nature of the Harappan culture. The Harappan script thus decoded after years of dedicated scholarship was therefore “found to be completely indigenous and that the Aryan invaders far from bringing a higher civilisation destroyed a very fine established Dravidian civilisation concludes Knorosov.
Subsequent researches reproduced in the work of Dr. Gregory Possehl of the University of Pennsylvania, referred to earlier, confirms the above thesis which is therefore now accepted as fairly conclusive.
A more recent study reveals that the most frequent sign in the Harappan script is a vessel with two handles - the jar' sign (found in graffiti excavated at Harappa). The symbolism of the jar is closely associated with the Indian tradition, particularly South Indian, with priestly ritual. The legend of the jar-born sages' is very ancient and is frequently referred to in ancient Tamil literature, for example, Puranam 201 refers to sage Agastya as having "risen from a vessel and led the migration of his clan southwards from Dwaraka”.
Linguists have accepted that even in Vedic literature the word "sata' for a wooden vessel is an example of a word ofomlechcha' origin without an etymology in Sanskrit, the language of the
Continued on page 21

Page 21
15 JUNE 1992
Continued from page 14
over the differences between the north and south. No sensible man at this juncture will feel that banning the LTTE would help solve the ethnic problem.
Whether we ban the LTTE or not, we will have a war on our laps. One would envisage leaving things as they are to find a lasting solution through political measures which is already continuing through the Parliamentary Select Committee.
The LTTE has also responded through various peace missions expressing their desire for a negotiated settlement of the ethnic question.
We have to keep on working for a peaceful negotiated settlement. The LTTE is a dominant militant group in
the country. Therefore, we cannot iso
late the LTTE as we continue to create the climate for a permanent settlement to our ethnic problem.
Certain politicians are using this opportunity to destabilise the government, and to create problems to the government. If these politicians and their henchmen are really interested in settling the ethnic issue, they should come out into the open without any reservations, realise the gravity of the problem and act boldly to face the problem with a view to settling it once and for all.
Continued from page 20
Vedas. It is also significant that one of the most famous South Indian royal dynasties was the 'Sata-Vahana' dynasty of the Andhras
The second most common pictogram of the Harappa inscriptions was the bearer' sign; this merged subsequently into another South Indian tradition, that of the Chera dynasty; they were known as "bearers' in Tamil.
Further evidence was subsequently found to prove the continuing link between the Harappan and South Indian pictograms in a series of copper coins of the late mediaeval period of the rulers of Travancore who inherited the traditions of the Cheras. (“The Pallavankovil Copper Plate of the Early Pallava Period' by T.S. Subramaniam published by the Archaeological Society of India).
The legacy of the Indus Valley civilisation must, therefore, be sought in the life-style of the common people of South India, in their coins, in the images in their temples, in their 'lingams' of terra-cotta or stone that is central to their form of worship, in the
priest-astronomer strata in their socie- ,
ty and most importantly in their script - all of these as established by an academic consensus.
Continued from p.
stalwart during Presidency, Mr. sanayake; the Abdeen, M. Don and W.A. Don M, four were indict conspiracy to abd and the latter thre al charge of actua abduction.
The charges al offences were co assistance of se namely A.A.M. Perera, S. de Silv Ratnayake, J.P. Richard and O.H. had died by the tir for trial. The oth came prosecution ably having been g prosecution by the
The case was gl licity because of tl accused was a h Minister and later Mr. R. Premadas Himself a senior sanayake was defe
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J.R. Jayawardene’s Lionel Gamini Disothers were M.A. Sunil (alias Mony) ahinda Kumara. All 2d on a charge of uct Prof. Buultjens, e faced the additionlly carrying out the
so alleged that the mmitted with the ren other persons, Don Wilbert, M.A. a Jayasinghe, M.K. Wijesinghe, Nimal Sarath. The last two ne the case came up er five persons bewitnesses presumiven immunity from Attorney General. laranteed wide pubhe fact that the first high profile former fell from grace after became President. lawyer, Mr. Disinded by a battery of
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TAMIL TIMES 21
prominent lawyers. From the beginning the evidence against him appeared to be rather dicey from the fact that the professor had waited for . over two years before making a statement implicating Mr. Dissanayake, and there was no evidence against him other than that of A.A.M. Don Wilbert, whose evidence was proved to be untruthful and untrustworthy. The charges against him were dismissed and he was acquitted on 30 March this year at the end of the prosecution case without the judge even calling, upon the defence to call evidence on his behalf.
The Attorney General pressed on with the charges against the other three defendants in the case till the end, but they too were acquitted by the judge on 27 April. What makes this case specially intriguing is that the judge, while holding that there was no evidence to convict them on either the conspiracy or abduction charge, found that the only persons who were shown to have participated in the crime were the three prosecution witnesses, including A.M.M. Don Wilbert whose name figures prominently in one of the affidavits of DIG Udugampola
South London Tamil School Wins Trophy
The South London Tamil School won the much coveted trophy presented by 'Croydon Advertiser Group Ltd., for the best orchestra in the "Asia Music' section. There were fourteen entries in this group and the Tamil School came out with flying colours.
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Page 22
22 TAMILTIMES
READERS
FORUM is
LTTE AND HUMAN RIGHTS
I WISH to make a few comments on the LTTE's statement on human rights violations' published in your journal of 15 March 1992.
All the Tamil people and in fact all people inside and outside Sri Lanka know the record of the LTTE on human rights, and I am surprised that your journal should have provided space to publicise their false claims and whitewash their sins against the people. However what is of importance is that the Tigers have for the first time publicly admitted that they are keeping people in their detention camps, although this fact was known to many for a long time.
But the Tigers' claim that "Prisoners are kept in custody under conditions which accord with both local and international law and they will at all times be treated humanely, is an outrageous lie. I enclose sworn testimony in the form of two affidavits by two persons who have been held in the LTTE's Thunnukkai camp and other camps which reveals the barbarity of the torture, physical violence and deprivation of food which all persons have to undergo. I hope you will have the courage to publish the full text of this evidence in your journal.
To claim that the treatment of their prisoners accords with local and international law' is farcical when one knows that there is only one law, that is the Tigers' gun-law, that is practised in the areas under their control.
Expecting the two-legged Tiger to observe human rights is to dream about the four-legged Tiger to be content with eating grass.
S. Anthonipillai
Colombo 3, Sri Lanka.
A NEGOTIATED SETTLE
MENT
The London Seminar convened recently by a number of Tamil Associations called upon the Sri Lankan Government and the LTTE to commence "negotiations to establish an associative structure within which the Singhalese people and the Tamil people may live in peace and freedom'. To bring about this associative structure it is necessary to examine critically the claims of the two peoples. It will be helpful if you or any of your readers
can enlighten us
matters:-
1. The Tamils cla East as their tradi The Singhalese poi and Vihares in the and say that the home of the Sing times past. When t rived in Ceylon, kingdoms, those of Kotte. The Kingdo conquered by the P and thereafter, it under the rule of t English. The clair parties is, that, whe the territory whic Kingdom of Jaffn Portuguese conque been given to the Ta and independent te good to know what t ed the Jaffna Kil whether it include other time, the pre Batticaloa and Amp any of them.
2. The Tamil pa permanent merger the East. The Sing and want a referen the East to find out there want to be pe with the North. We that self-determina able right, that we our destiny and h conduct our own af seems unjust to den East their right to destiny. How do we determination of a referendum or plebi mined for them by determination, refe are these terms syr
3. The Northern vinces are the creat and the boundarie them. Is it not poss boundaries, carvin nantly Singhale; Amparai and a pred area around Sam these areas to the The rest of the pre vince can be joine Northern Province. will then disappear tions! The residents vote in a referendu endorse the bounc commission whicl mutually acceptable neutral countries.
The present car and should be enc settlement is a cryi be the result of an u
 
 

15 JUNE 1992
on the following
im the North and tional homelands. nt to the Dagobas
Eastern Province East was also the hala people from he Portuguese arthere were three Jaffna, Kandy and om of Jaffna was ortuguese in 1621 came successively he Dutch and the n of some Tamil in the English left, :h comprised the a and which the red, should have amils as a separate rritory. It will be erritories comprisngdom then, and d then, or at any esent Trincomalee, barai districts all or
rties insist on the of the North and halese oppose this dum to be held in whether the people rmanently merged , the Tamils, claim tion is our inalienshould determine have the right to fairs. Therefore, it ly the people of the decide their own ; find out the Selfpeople? Is it by a iscite or is it detertheir leaders. Selfrendum, plebiscite nonymous?
and Eastern Proions of the British s were drawn by ible to re-draw the g out a predomise area around lominantly Muslim anturai and join
Province of Uva. sent Eastern Prold to the present The word "merger'
from the negotiaof these areas may im or plebiscite to daries fixed by a h would include representatives of
nage is appalling led. A negotiated ng need. It should nbiased considera
tion of the claims of both parties. Intransigence of either side should give place to an accommodating spirit of give and take, so that the Singhalese people and the Tamil people may live in peace and freedom.
C.S. Maniam Ontario, Canada.
INDEFENCE OF THE TIGERS
I WISH to respond to the article by Ram Manikkalingam, M.I.T., entitled, Defence of the Tigers is Morally and Politically Reprehensible” (Tamil Times, April 1992). I believe the writer is from the USA. If this is so, I also thought that the writer would have studied the independence movement which gave rise to the country USA. But my assumptions have been proved wrong since Manikkalingam seems so ignorant about the revolutionary history of the USA and the methods adopted by the rebel group led by George Washington.
1. Manikkalingam accuses the Tigers of 'denial of pluralism and achieving supremacy by murder of all political rivals'. Well, if this is so, does not George Washington and his rebels also stand accused of similar "atrocities? Did these rebels who initiated the liberation movement against the British accept pluralism? They even had slaves, while espousing the principles of freedom and liberty. The entry on the American Revolution in the Encyclopædia Britannica (Macropedia, Vol. 29, 15th ed., 1990) states, "As the debate on independence moved toward a climax...in New England, minority groups were overridden, royalists fleeing for Nova Scotia or England, while Baptists and other religious minorities were vigorously suppressed; south of the Potamac, backcountry dissenters were subdued by force, though loyalism remained endemic in the area...'.
2. Manikkalingam also castigates the Tigers for compelling the Tamils to 'choose between Tiger rule or Sri Lankan military rule'. Isn't it similar to what the Founding Fathers of America did 216 year ago? They also compelled the then citizens of the New England colonies to choose sides, either forcing them to support the rebels, or the British crown. And what happened to the "loyalists' who sup
ported the British crown, after the
American independence? Again for the benefit of people like Manikkalingam, I quote from the Encyclopaedia Britannica article on the American - Revolution. "Perhaps as many as 80,000 Tories (loyalists to the British crown) migrated to Canada, England Continued on page 27

Page 23
15 JUNE 1992
Tributes to Rajiv Prime Minister, P.V. Narasimha Rao, accompanied by some of his Cabinet colleagues, Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Jayalalitha Jayaram and Tamil Nadu Congress(I) President Vazhappadi K. Ramamurthy, flew into Sriperumbudur on 21 May and paid homage at the site where former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated on this day last year.
The occasion described as a simple half an hour solemn function marked by a floral tribute and a prayer meeting was subject to elaborate security arrangements, and attended by the State Governor, many Union and State Ministers and several AIADMK and Congress(I) leaders.
Silence seems to have descended even from the early hours on the vast
dry land dotted with palm trees, and
the thousands of people, including Congressmen, who thronged the open ground were regulated through specially erected barricades. They were frisked thoroughly by police using metal detectors before they were allowed to get into various enclosures. The Congress(I) and AIADMK flags formed a ring around the ground which had huge cut-outs and portraits of Rajiv Gandhi.
The Prime Minister Rao administered an 'anti-terrorism day pledge' to those assembled and the Chief Minister and others repeated the pledge read out by the PM to uphold and promote peace, social harmony and understanding among the people and fight the forces of disruption threatening human lives and values. This was followed by prayer meeting and rendering of hymns and bhajans by well known singer M.S. Subbulakshmi.
In New Delhi, people from all walks of life converged at Rajiv Gandhi's Samadhi on 21 May to pay homage on his first death anniversary. A special commemorative function was held at the Samadhi and a wreath was laid on behalf of President R. Venkataraman, who was in China on an official visit,
by Vice-President by Dr. Shankar D.
Sharma.
The Vice-President, Prime Minister Narasimha Rao, his Cabinet colleagues, Mrs. Sonia Gandhi along with her two children, Rahul and Priyanka, were prominent among those who attended the ceremony.
The Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace, Disarmament and Development for 1991 was awarded posthumously to Rajiv Gandhi "for his outstanding and
innovative contr nuclear disarm, and economic de
According to and confirmed lished in the L “Kalthithil” (29.5. don, breaching ments a uvhite va of the commem
Sriperumbudur ceremony began posters and leafl. the vehicle whic police could inter Describing R 'bloodthirsty van the contents of th killing for send “Tamil Eelam’ u atrocities agains tribute to her sacr courage, the beltjiu Gandhi, Dhar leafilets as the lege sacrifiiced her li
seeking justice'
GorbacheV UN
Former Soviet Pr bachev called for as a permanent m Nations Security ( in Missouri durin tour of USA. A co tion of 800 million in the decision m. UN, he argued. member Security permanent memb in favour of the w
It is significant comes when, in s cised recent impro between India an has clamped dow) both India and Ri million rocket tec The USban on tra the Indian Space tion (ISRO) has be an opposition poli on Indian sovere exercise in gun-bo The ISRO Chail at a press confer ISRO is determine programme a succ the delay the US cause. The ban is a unjustified and cal scrutiny'.
India seems to the Bush adminis
 
 
 

ution to the cause of ment, global peace elopment.
eports from Madras y a news item pub
TE's Tamil weekly,
2), published in Lonhe security arrangeapproached the site rative ceremony at iometime before the nd hundreds of mini ts were thrown from vanished before the Jere. ajiv Gandhi as a pire and a fascist', leaflets justified his ing the IPKF into here they committed the people. Paying ifice and praising her bomb assassin of Rau, uvas hailed in the ndary Kannaki' who fe in the cause of
Makes india's Case
esident Michael Gorthe inclusion of India ember of the United council in an address g his recent speechuntry with a populashould have a place aking process of the Presently, the 12 r Council has five ers heavily weighted estern block. hat Gorbachev’s call pite of much publivements in relations d USA, Washington 'sanctions' against ussia for their '$250 hnology agreement. de and technology to Research Organisaen branded by Indiicians as 'an attack ignty, and as 'an at diplomacy'. man, Dr. U.R. Rao, ence declared, “The d to make one space ess notwithstanding ban could possibly rbitrary, unfair and Lnot stand technical
have again angered ration when it re
TAMIL TIMES 23
cently successfully test-fired Agni, a top-of-the-line ballistic missile with a range of more than 1,500 miles with a ton payload. The test reinforced India's status as the sixth country with the capability of an intermediate-range ballistic missile, the others being USA, UK, Russia, France, and China.
Agni is a modified version of India's civilian rocket, the Space Launch Vehicle, the entire design, development, manufacture and testing subsystems and components of which are said to be wholly indigenous.
In Washington, the Bush administration expressed regret that India had gone ahead with its test firing of the Agni missile on 29 May. State department official Richard Boucher said: “we regret India's decision to proceed with further testing of the intermediate-range ballistic missile. “We believe ballistic missile programmes in areas where there are chronic regional tensions undermine rather than enhance regional security'.
Biggest Financial Scandal
Criminal prosecutions are likely following investigations by the Reserve Bank of India and the Central Bureau of Investigation in what has become one of India's biggest financial scandals, certainly the biggest in its stockmarket history. The media has already published enough material which unravels the amazing 'rags-toriches story' of the main character in this inglorious drama.
The rise and fall of stock-broker Harshad Mehta reveals how he came to possess $250 million belonging to the State Bank of India without adequate security and helped himself almost overnight to an astonishing fortune through manipulating the country's stock and financial markets. Mehta had exploited the inadequacies in the regulatory mechanisms of the stock market proving himself to be the most maladroit manipulator of the stockmarket game.
Investigations into the scandal have revealed that banks have been defrauded to the tune of Rs. 3,000 crores. A criminal conspiracy with Mehta at its centre had been playing havoc with the banking system - yielding "money which was being used to play the stock
markets. Mehta and his associates,
some of them bank officials, are to face charges of cheating, falsification of accounts, criminal conspiracy and under provisions of the Prevention of Corruption Act.
Now Mehta, the man who could write cheques worth over Rs. 500
Continued on page 25

Page 24
24 TAM TIMES
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Page 25
15 JUNE 1992
Continued from page 23 crores to the State Bank of India without batting an eyelid is in real trouble. However, having hired a battery of the country's best legal brains and with the help of a powerful lobby of grateful businessmen and friendly bureaucrats, Mehta is trying to ride out of a wave of troubles disdainfully claiming, "I don't create waves, I ride them'. His crash could be as resounding as his astonishing rise.
Outrage at Beheading
There was nationwide outrage at the recent beheading of an All India Radio official by a Khalistani separatist group in Punjab. The decapitated body of the official, Mohan Lal Manchanda, aged 50 was dumped under a tree along a national highway at Patiala near the border with Haryana. His head was left at a town square in nearby Ambala.
The Babbar Khalsa International, one of the separatist groups in troubletorn Punjab, claimed responsibility for the execution. A handwritten statement issued by the organisation said that the 'sad' decision to kill Manchanda was taken because the government had not met its demand for a more complete use of the Punjabi language on television and radio, and threatened other employees with a similar fate.
As Marchanda's family mourned under a portrait of Guru Nanak, the Sikhs’ most revered saint, there was a wave of outrage and anger. Employees of the television network, Doordarshan, and All India Radio went on strike for ten minutes disrupting all broadcasting. In Punjab, local TV and Radio stations remained off the air completely.
Most political parties in India condemned the killing. The Communist Party said that the killing revealed "psychopathological degeneration in the garb of insurgency'. The Marxist Party said: "Such an act has nothing to do with religious preaching, and it is nothing but barbarism”.
The victim was kidnapped on May 18 and two days later Babbar Khalsa International claimed responsibility for the kidnapping and made known its demands which included broadcasting on television and radio the letter written by Harjinder Singh Jinda and two associates to the President, in which they owned up to responsibility for the assassination of the former Army Chief, Gen. A.S. Vaidya and demanded the scrapping of news bulletins in the Hindi language and replacing them with Punjabi.
Marchanda was the second radio official to be killed by militants. Last
year they gun Kumar Talib, di garh station. Th wake of increas timidation upon nalists. Recently nisation succeed editor of The Tri jabi daily, replac the editor is a Party activist. H a different post bhajan Halvarvi threat that Dal removed by 31 eliminated.
Diploma Indo-Pakistan di
ceived a setback
senior Indian d abducted from
Islamabad, beat some seven hou]
declared him pe
According to Rajesh Mittal, Indian High C. ceeding towards when three cars ni intelligence car. His father, rushed out of his was physically Pakistani officia
SO. ' :
However, a st tani Foreign O. diplomat's relea tan security age Mittal while rece documents from His identity wa interrogation by
The released he was tortured nearly seven hou a confession w showed newsme his body and sai receiving electri
The Pakistal was summoned Ministry in De protest against regrettable’acti gence. India lat expulsion of two
Presiden
The strongest su coming Indian from the ruling Congress(I) wo Shankar Dayal bent Vice-Presid cy in succession ataraman.
In an effort tc election of Dr.

TAMIL TIMES 25
ned down Rajindar ector of the Chandikilling comes in the ng pressure and innewspapers and jourthis particular orgad in getting the news bune, a leading Puned. Dalbir Singh, 40,
former Communist. e “voluntarily sought
after his chief, Harreceived a telephone bir Singh should be May or he would be
tic incident
plomatic relations rewhen, on 24 May, a iplomat was forcibly outside his house in an up and released 's later after Pakistan *soта поп grata.
Indian sources, Mr. a counsellor of the ommission, was prohis office on the day belonging to Pakistaagencies blocked his Dr. B.B. Mittal, who house in aid of his son restrained by the ls before abducting his
atement by the Pakisffice issued after the se alleged that “Pakisincy apprehended Mr. iving highly classified a Pakistani contact. as established during
police'.
diplomat claimed that and interrogated for urs and ordered to sign hich he refused. He n bruises and welts on d that he fainted after c shocks. hi Chargé d'Affaires to the External Affairs lhi to hear a strong the "unacceptable and on by Pakistani intellier responded with the Pakistani diplomats.
tial Candidate
iggestion on the forth
Presidential election party so far is that uld like to field Dr.
Sharma, the incumlent, for the Presidento President R. Venk
obtain the unopposed Sharma so that the
President does not become the subject of political controversy at a time when the country is passing through a difficult phase, the leadership of the ruling party would appear to have already sounded out the "feelings' of leaders of opposition parties. Before Dr. Sharma's formal nomination is announced, the ruling party is bound to have formal talks with the key opposition parties to obtain a 'consensus.
It is believed that no major objection would be raised against Dr. Sharma's candidature, given his record as VicePresident and Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. The Communist parties have already indicated that they would have no difficulty supporting him as he has "secular and "democratic' credentials.
Ban in Andhra Pradesh
In the wake of the outlawing of the LTTE (Tamil Tigers) by the Indian government, the State Government of Andhra Pradesh has banned the Peoples War Group of the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) headed by Mr. Kodapalli Setharamaiah.
Making his announcement on 21 May at a government organised rally to observe the first death anniversary of Rajiv Gandhi, the Chief Minister, Mr. N. Janardhana Reddy said: “After patiently waiting for the last 18 months to control the anti-people activities of this group of extremists through the normal process of law, I am banning the PWG which has firm links with the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. From this moment, the consequences of our decision will be made clear to the PWG, as it will be dealt with on a different footing.
Minister Sacked
The Tamil Nadu Chief Minister and leader of the ruling party, AIADMK, Ms. Jayalalitha Jayaram has removed Mr. R.M. Weerappan, a senior party · leader, from her state cabinet. A few days earlier she had dismissed him from the important portfolio of Minister of Education and from the party post of Joint Secretary.
Mr. Veerappan is the third Minister to be removed since Jayalalitha assumed office in June last year. The sacking of Veerappan came amidst reports of his meetings with a film actor who is being promoted in certain quarters as a potential rival to her.
Continued from page 5 discrediting the Tamils internationally, and that there was Brahmin hypocrisy in India and that the newspapers and other media channels controlled by the Brahmins played a major role in banning the LTTE in India.

Page 26
26 TAM TIMES
Ominous Signs on NOrth-West Front
There was a sigh of relief in the sub-continent and elsewhere as the cruel and agonizing civil war in Afghanistan came to an end with the fall of Najibullah and the installation of Pro
fessor Sibghatullah, a modern version
of the mediæval Moghul Padushah, as
interim President at the head of a
ruling council consisting of a number of Mujahideen leaders.
However, developments since would seem to suggest that the much hoped for peace that returning Mujahideen leaders brought to Kabul is a tenuous one built on a shaky new political framework of a hastily stitched up “troika', a patchwork coalition that would appear to control the levers of real power behind the aging interim President.
Even before the fusillade of shots, grenades, rockets and tracer bullets that hailed the victory celebrations had died down, the tribal commanders of the various ethnic groups (the Pakhtoons, the Hizbes, the Tajik Shias and others) were chalking out their paths to positions of strength and strategic advantage. With the UN reduced to the status of mere bystander and unable even to ensure a safe escape passage to the deposed President Najibullah, the Soviets in disarray after their major military debacle in the region, Washington not quite sure which side to support and other capitals somewhat confused at the complex turn of events, Afghanistan proclaimed itself an Islamic Republic accompanied by assertions that reflected a fundamentalist and an antiwestern stance, with overtones of growing Iranian influence and Pakistan busy seeking to buy influence and win friends.
There are already ominous signs of disintegration along ethnic lines in this unfortunate and tormented country, a possible Balkanisation making the northwest frontier of the subcontinents a powder-keg with awesome possibilities.
While Pakistan would appear to have a direct line of communication to Kabul having played a leading role in the long years of war, what could be of some concern in Delhi is the likely impact the developments in Afghanistan would have on India's border states of Jammu and Kashmir. There are already visible signs of exultation among fundamentalist guerrilla groups in Kashmir over the "Islamic victory' in Kabul, and there is little
doubt Pakistan is try in the troubled wat Certainly displeasi which has tried its b Kashmir within its phenomenon of gr Muslim separatism v independent of bot India.
The Bangladesh w ence and the eventua state of Bangladesh s ideological foundation an Islamic Nation, J. for the founding of P. dent of and separate the ever growing ten for autonomy along and linguistic lines itself might prove to ger for the fictitious a of the notion of an 'Is
Jayalalit
Unlike many countri world, India can legiti of a vibrant free press, Press is the Ark of deтосracy because ри essential to the uvorkin tions'. In spite of thes delivered by the Ir Court in 1972, there h repeated attempts to r primarily at state lev abuse of privileges' ol lies.
When the Uttar Pr; went berserk orderin two High Court judge Court ruled that th rights to personal libe from arbitrary arrest Supreme Court for the fundamental rights the Constitution pre privileges of the legisl the court sadly failed the issue whether tl right to freedom of prevailed over legisla Thus the path was le continued abuse of defined privileges.
Having come to pow a sympathetic wave in assassination of Rajiv Nadu Chief Minist Jayaram brooks no anybody, high or low, extends largesse to ch the legislature who

the ier
ng its best to fish ers of Kashmir. ng to Pakistan est to incorporate oundaries is the wing Kashmiri hich seeks to be ) Pakistan and
ar of independl creation of the |ruck at the very of the concept of nnah's rationale akistan indepenfrom India. Now sions and claims sectarian ethnic within Pakistan be the gravedignd fragile nature lamic Nation'.
5 JUNE 1992
Islamabad, though initially unhappy over the turn of events in Kabul in that its fundamentalist protege Hekmatyar did not emerge on top and continues to remain sidelined by those in power, would not abandon its aim of installing a regime in Kabul in which its own "fundamentalist friends' hold the levers of power, irrespective of all other considerations of triggering separatist and divisive forces thereby throwing the entire region into turmoil. The events that are likely to unfold in Afghanistan could spark off an already heightened sense of ethnonationalist fervour that might spill over into the sub-continent that is already afflicted with separatist tendencies and beyond with disastrous consequences.
As Aabha Dixit of the Delhi based Indian Institute of Defence Analysis puts it: "The tide of ethno-nationalism unleashed by the Afghan civil war can change the political character of South Asia forever and present a powerful challenge to an entrenched nationstate system'.
ha’s War on the Press
es in the third mately be proud Freedom of the he Couenant of :blic criticism is ng of its institue ringing words dian Supreme have been many muzzle the press els by the gross State Assemb
adesh Assembly g the arrest of is, the Supreme e fundamental rty, to freedom
and to move the
enforcement of provided under railed over the ature. However, (o pronounce on le fundamental expression also tive privileges. ft open for the rchaic and ill
er on the crest of the wake of the Gandhi, Tamil r, Jayalalitha pposition from ullies the press, osen stooges in even genuflect
before her and "treats others in the party as slaves' in the words of the Editor of Thuglak, Cho Ramaswamy. With the assistance of her chosen Speaker, R. Muthiah she has declared war on the Fourth Estate with a vengeance, employing the privileges of the state legislature' as her primary weapon.
A number of journalists have been accused and ordered to be arrested by the Speaker for breach of the privileges of the state legislature. The Chief Minister has flagrantly disobeyed the Supreme Court in getting her supine Speaker, Muthiah to order the arrest of K.P. Sunil, a correspondent of the Illustrated Weekly. An arrogant Muthiah when told that the Supreme Court had granted a stay order on his warrant of arrest of the journalist declared that his warrant was effective and that the police would enforce it. Later he went further and said that the Supreme Court order bound neither him nor the Assembly and that he had directed the Commissioner of Police not to heed the Supreme Court's stay order!
A new journal Rajarishi', was forced to close down following repressive action taken against it. When its editor, V alam puri John, an ex-MP, announced that he would serialise a biography of Jayalalitha, injunctions were obtained to prevent serialisation, but when the first instalment
Continued on page 27

Page 27
15 JUNE 1992
Closing date for completed grid and coupon to be received is
31 July 1992.
Answers and the name of the winner - first all correct entry pulled out of a bag - will be announced in the August 1992
issue.
The winner will receive a prize of £2000 sterling. All entries should be sent to: Tamil Times, P.O. Box 121,
Sutton, Surrey SM13TD, UK.
Across.
1. Packed with pears of goodness, splendid fruits for jaundice patients and all convalescents (12) 11. Shapely Jaffna delicious with a tangy flavour (8) 12. If expressed with assertion could be egoistic (2)
嵩 The vital feather in a bird's wing 14. One who lives off others (3) 15. A fruit on its own but in Jaffna it could be stone, wood or even custard (5) 18. Abb. Judge Advocate (2) 19. Alert to danger (4) 20. "Devil's Abode' that produces one of Jaffna's favourite vegetables (7) 22. Artful and cunning (3) 24, it's eruptive anger could let loose hell (4 25. An emotional thrill (7) 28. A blunder (4) 29. One of Henry VIll's several wives a victim of political manipulation (3) 31. In Indian mythology this divine being is evil; in Zoroastrianism, benevolent (5) 33. Cheated in slang usage (3) 36. Jaffna's pride - a choice variety of mango (5,7) 39. Rescues from harm (5) 40. Most famous duck of all, worldwide (6) 41. A creeper's fruit produces a most refreshing juice (7) 42. Mark aimed at in bowls and quoits and a term familiar in golf (3)
Down: 1. Fruits with thick fleshy rind from palmlike tree (6) 2. A mystic syllable used in Hindu prayers related to the creation of the universe (2)
Medicinae Baccalaureus, abb.
4. Forward in flowering and ripening (5)
5. Triumphant joy (4) 6. Sign of the zodiac Aries (3)
Usualy streets lined with trees
8. Nothing (3)
Large flightless Australian bird
10. Another of Jaffna's delicious mangoes usually of the red soil region (8) 14. This fruit's Jaffna cousins come in several varieties (6) 16. It could be palmyra, coconut, arecanut and even kittul but outside Sri Lanka there are many others (4) 17. Inquire impertinently in other people's affairs (3)
18. Italian goddess identified with the one the Greeks recognise as the wife and sister of Zeus (4) 21. Radio Television Seychelles popularly (3) 23. Sounds of the crow and of the frogs too (6) 26. Kipling's great poem (2) 27. Pokes roughly (4) 28. School children's favourite fruit from trees that virtually grow wild in Jafna (5)
Continued from page 26
AIADMK and by
appeared, thousands of copies of the magazine were seized. When Kumudam published an editorial criticising the CM on a public issue, Cauvery waters, the press was raided and ransacked. Other journals which became victims of the whimsical viciousness of Jayalalitha were Nakkeeran, Tharasu and Thalapathy. Speaker Muthiah went a step further and issued arrests warrants against Murasoli editor, Selvam and Kovai Malai Murasu editor, Sunder, both of whom have moved the Supreme Court and obtained a stay order.
Muthiah has undermined the status of the Speaker by succumbing to the dictates of Jayalalitha; it is said that following his appointment as Speaker, he prostrated himself before the Iron Goddess', and on one occasion even permitted the "Nadamaldum Theivam (Moving Goddess) to occupy his Chair and the CM's companion and friend Shasikala to occupy the Deputy Speaker's Chair! As an opposition MP said: "Muthiah's job is to ensure that the House is for the AIADMK, of the
added that Abrah turning in his gra The actions of and the Speaker a highest court of produced a "con mega-proportions
Continued from p and the British V these had served and many had b. American states. harshly treated a by the American : and immediatel were commonly rights, often fined rived of their pro spicuous were us pain of death...'
3. Manikkaling the benefits of federal package o ward by the gover Between 1956 a. Tamils under S.J

QUIZ CROSSWORDS - No. 17. Compiled by: Richards
1 AMIL TIMES 27
30. Person free from pettiness (5) 32. Teacher or parent who does this to children is a poor one (4) 33. The last of these gentle, friendly birds became extinct in Mauritius through British and French sailor
greed not so long ago (4) 34. A lion gone awry (4) 35. Professor popularly (3) 37. Floor covering (3) 38. Poem composed to be rendered in song (3)
Quiz Crosswords - 15: Solutions.
Across: 1. Neil Kinnock, 9. Air. 10. Emote. 11. Brandt. 15. Ammeters. 17. Yap. 19. Sa. 20. Nice. 21. Pa. 22. Intent. 24. Pique. 25. Mer. 26. Gala. 27. Hail. 29. Laika. 32. Atoll. 34. Mined. 35. Re. 36. Dance. 39. Oya 40. Ark. 41. Moа. 43. Os.
44. Birendra.
Down: 1. Narasimha Rao. 2. EI. 3. IRBM. 4. Keating. 5. Nets. 6. Om. 7. Cory
Aquino. 8. Kt. 12. Rene. 13. Nectar. 14. Dre. 16. Maneaters. 18. Premadasa. 2í.
2. 23. Trio. 24. Palme. 28. LLD. 30. Ai. 31. Key. 33. Lamb. 37. Noi, 38. Car. 42.
n.
Winner: Mrs. J. Sivapatham, 478 York Road, Stevenage, Herts. SG14EW.
the AIADMK', and am Lincoln would be
Ve.
the Chief Minister re in contempt of the the land and have titutional crisis of
age 22 West Indies. Many of as British soldiers, en banished by the ..The loyalists were dangerous enemies tates during the war afterward. They deprived of civil and frequently deperty. The more conLally banished upon
m's naive belief on he "comprehensive ' devolution put forlment' astounds me. d 1977, when the V. Chelvanayakam
agitated for federalism (non-violently of course!), the Sinhalese-dominated government didn't budge an inch. And, if the same ruling hierarchy is at least paying lip-service to the ideals of federalism now, then it tells how much the Tigers have made the ruling Sinhalese elements to sit and think. Why not score one for the gun?
4. Manikkalingam also seems too optimistic about the "compassion' shown by the Sinhala nationalists these days, in quite a number of international seminars and journal outlets. He states: 'although Sinhala nationalism may continue to be a part of the state ideology, it is no longer the dominant part. Is this a joke? In the island where only 70% are Buddhists, why the armed-forces and securityrelated professions are made up of more than 97% Sinhalese? This discrepancy alone disproves the point made by Manikkalingam.
Sincerely yours,
Sachi Sri Kanthi
Osaka BioScience institute, Osaka 565, Japan.

Page 28
28 TAMIL TIMES
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Mr. Subramaniam Siva of late Mr. S. V. Subra, Tholpuram, Chulipum, Teacher Jaffna Hindu Colleges and late Mrs (Thiraviam) of Kalvalai, S beloved husband of Jaya gobikrishna, Jayagobikri brother of late Mrs. Lé Kollankalady, Telippala S. Sivagnanasekaram (L Sriganeshakumar, Ranja Mohan S. Sekeram (allo on 12th May 1992 an Manipay, Sri Lanka on missed by all his loved Memorial Lane, Manipay Lanka.
Mr. Ponniah Ratnam (82 Principal, Kayts Maha husband of Paramaratna Nadarajah (Jafna); lovin nam, Jawaharatnam and of U.K.), Vijayaratnam, Ra bikai and Ratnavathy (a. father-in-law of Jokambik. Rohinidevi (all of U.K.), Thurairajah (both of Jaf father of Jayakumar, Jay Dharshan and Dharshi (a thi, Thinesan, Jayahari Suganthi (all of Jaffna) pa on 21.5.92 and was Cre Sadly missed and mourne May his soul rest in perf and prayers in memory O, 12 noon on Saturday, 4 London Sri Murugan Te London E12 — R. Jaya Close, Redbridge, Ilford,
 
 
 

gnanasundram, son maniam of Patanai,
Sri Lanka; former and Kokuvi Hindu F. P. Subramaniam andilipay, Sri Lanka; arani father of Siva
Shna and Sivahamy: , ela Visvanathan of
, Sri Lanka and Mr. l.K.), uncle of Mr. V. in S. Sekeran and f U.K.) passed away i was cremated in 15th May. Sadly Ones and friends - North, Manipay, Sri
), of Jaffna, Retired /idyalaya, beloved n; loving brother of I father of JayaratGopalaratnam (all tneswary, Ratnamof Jaffna); loving li, Sarathadevi and Parameswary and na), lowing grandnohan, Thushara, I of U.K.), VijayanRavinohan and Sedaway in Jaffna nated on 23.5.92. fby his loved ones. cf peace. A Pooja him will be held at Oth June 1992 in ple, Manor Park, atnam, 56 Tryfan SSex G4 5Y.
15 JUNE 1992
Mr. Ramalingam Nagulesu (83), Retired Superintendent of Post and Telecommunications, Sri Lanka; beloved husband of Nageswary (Sri Lanka), beloved father of Pathmini (U.K.); father-in-law of Dr. Thillai (U.K.): brother of late Kandiah, late Selvadurai, Mrs. Ponniah, Nadarajah (both of Sri Lanka), late Murugesu, late Mrs. Kanagasabai, and Mrs. Krishnapilai (Sri Lanka)passedaway peacefully on 4.292 in Kaddudai, Manipay, Sri Lanka. Sadly missed and mourned by his loved ones, friends and relatives. - 24 Epworth Close, Truro, Cornwall, TR1 1UP. U.K. Tel: O8727411.
Mr. Chinnathamby Jayasingh, Retired Director of Works, Ministry of lintigation, Sri Lanka; beloved husband of late Saraswathy, father of Brema wathy, Nithiyavathy, Jayaseelan and Renukavathy, father-in-law of Dr. Mahendran, Elizabeth and Baskaran; grandfather of Geethanjaly, Sri Ram, Nagulini, Anandan, Sanoj and Dhylan expired on 17th April 1992. Funeral took place at 18 Chetty Street Lane, Nallur, Jaffna-3 Shrewsbury Avenue, Kenton, Middlesex HA3 9LX, U.K. Tel: O812O4 O87O.
Mrs. V.R. Nevins Selvadural (87), Relict of the late Dr. D.D. Nevins Selvadurai; mother and mother-in-law of Anton & Leila, Letitia & the late Vernon Chanmugam, Felicia & Reggie, Timothy & Indranee, Dewa & Christine, Patricia & Prince Watson, Stephen & Gnani, Paul & Debbie, Rohina & Luke de Silva passed away on 26th May 1992 in St. Louis, U.S.A.

Page 29
15 JUNE 1992
IN MEMORAM
in loving memory of Mr. S.S. Bastiampillai on the fourth anniversary of his passing away on 14th June 1988
You were a great man
So noble and great
Whon We all miss
And will never forget.
Sadly missed and fondly remembered by his loving wife Ruby, children Vinothini, Pathmini, and Rajan, grandchildren Tilan, Arosha, Sunnithra, Suthashini and Julian - 24 Woodend Avenue, South Harrow, Middx., HA28NX, U.K.
in loving memory of Mr. Thuraiappa James Jayaratnam on the first anniversary of his passing away on 20.6.91.
Sadly missed and fondly remembered by his loving wife Regina; children Jayamani Emmanuel, Dr. Albert Jayaratnam, Jayasothi Benedict, Dr. Rabin Jayaratnam, & Dr. Anandha Jayaratnam; sons-in-law Naesan Emmanuel & Anton Benedict and daughters-in-law Ranji Jayaratnam, Swanitha Jayaratnam and Kamala Jayaratnam - 16 Parkland Avenue, Slough, Berks. SL3 7LQ, U.K.
In Loving Memory of Mr. Dayalakumar Sivajoti, born, 17.3.45, died 15.791; on the first anniversary of his passing away.
Sadly missed and fondly remembered by his wife Mahendra Ravi Rani; daughter Ranitha, mother Mrs. L. Sivajoti; Mother-inlaw Mrs. M. Ratnasabapathy, brothers, sisters, brothers-in-law, sisters-in-law, nephews and nieces. - 360 Thorold Road, Ilford, Essex IG14HF, U.K. Tel: 081 518 0826.
in loving memory o retired teacher, Jaff Lanka, on the 10th An away on 96.82.
Times may change, b Memories of you mev In our hearts you will Loved and remember
Sadly missed and
his loved ones - 310 Jaffna, Sri Lanka.
ln everloving memory nathan on the first any away on 226.91.
Remembered with lk step mother Mrs. Ra maniam, wife Kamala, nathan, Thirunavukk and Sritiharan; and si, manathan, Mrs. Bha Mrs. Mangayarkkaras Jayanthi Kumaranaya Park Street, St. Alban: 873537.
Academy of Fi Annual Examinatio in Vocal Music, Violi & Flute will take place 25th & 26th July 3.30pm at: Wembley Wembley, Entries close 15.7. please contact the C Mrs. Saraswa 34 Blackthorn Coli Heston, Mid Tel: O81-5773588.
 
 
 
 
 
 

TAMIL TIMES 29
f Mr. P. Thiagarajah na Hindu College, Sri niversary of his passing
ut
2r fade
always stay ed everyday. fondly remembered by Navalar Road, Nallur,
of Mr. B. Sivaganaliversary of his passing
ove and affection by his ialetchumy Balasubrabrothers Dr. Sivalogaarasu, Radhakrishnan șters Mrs. GoWri Pathgawathy Mohanadas, Jetheendran and Mrs. gam - 9 Upton Close, , Herts., UK. Tel: 0737
he Arts, London
(Practical & Theory) I, Veena, Miruthangam on Saturday & Sunday 992 from 9.30am to high School, East Lane Middx..., U. K. 2. for further details lief Examiner: hy Packiarajah, rt, Springwell Road, lx., TW5 9EL.
FORTHCOMING EVENTS
June 274.00pm London Music Circle presents Flute Recital by K. Jananayagam at the Indian Y.M.C.A., Fitzroy Square, London W1. All Welcome.
July 3 Chathurthi. July 4 Manickavasagar Guru Poojah. July 4 10am to 11pm Jaffna Hindu College O.B.A. (U.K.) Social, Get Together & A.G.M. at Wembley High School, East Lane, Wembley, Middx, Tel: 081 3306120.
July 5 6.00pm Isai Vizha at Surbiton Assembly Hall, Maple Road, Surbiton, Surrey. Tel: O81 398 3797/949 377O. July 6 Aani Uththiram. July 10 Ekathasi. July 10 7.45pm Music & Dance by Bhavan's Outreach Classes at Kingsbury High School Tylers Hall, Stag Lane, Kingsbury, London NW9.
July 11 6.30pm S.C.O.T. presents two Tamil plays by Tamil Performing Arts Society, Violin duet by Dr. Lakshmi Jayan & Arvind Jayan at Charles Cryer Theatre, High Street, Carshalton, Surrey. Tel: 081 468 718 1/764 7912/870 9897.
July 12 Prathosa Viratham. July 14 Full Moon.
July 19 11.00am to 10.00pm Mahajana College O. B.A. Open Day at Rutilish School, Watery Lane, Merton Park, London SW20. Tel: O81 841 5186/399 7848.
July 19 6.00pm Speech Day of West London Tamil School, Wembley at Wembley High School Hall, East Lane, Wembley, Middx. July 25 12 noon Cricket Match, Old Royalists VS. Old Thomians at Maori Club, Third Grounds, Worcester Park, Surrey. July 25 6.30pm Miruthanga Arangetram by Selvan Dushynathan, son of Mr. & Mrs. Puvanendrampilai at Walthamstow Assembly Hall, Forest Road, London E17. All WelCOffe. July 26 London Sri Murugan Temple Ther Festival, 78 Church Road, Manor Park, Lond'Or. Ef 2.
July 29 Aadi Amavasai. July 29 to 31 8.00pm Shobana Jeyasingh Dance Company presents "New Cities, Ancient Lands' in Bharatha Natyam at Purcell Room, Royal Festival Hall, London SE1 Tel: O71 928 8800.
At Bhavan Centre, 4A Castletown Road, London W14; 9HQ. Tel: 071 381 3086/4608.
July 37.00pm Lecture by Dr. H. Upadhyay on Bhagavat Gita. All Welcome.
July 17 7.45pm Hindustani Vocal by Lakshmi Shankar.
Numerology in a Nutshell
by V. Anandanadarajah
Numerology is the study of the occult significance of numbers that goes back to ancient times. It has been the basis for architectural designs from simple houses, temples and palaces to towns. In Hindu astrology, numerology plays a decisive role with the aspirants of this faith. But today in many parts of the World, a great interest is being shown to revive the study of numerology using English alphabets for calculations.
Continued on page 30

Page 30
30 TAM TIMES
Continued from page 29
Deductions are based in planetary numbers from one to nine representing the Sun, Moon, Jupiter, Ragu (descending node), Mercury, Venus, Kethu (ascending node), Saturn and Mars in that order. They are made by simple arithmetical calculations using dates of birth and numbers given to each letter of the alphabet which are as follows:
t.A, i, J, Q, Y. 2. B, K, R. 3. C, G, L, S.; 4. D, M. T. 5. E, H, N, X; 6. U, V, W, 7. O, Z; 8. F. P.
Example: G. Hari was born on the 23 12 1960 giving him a birth number of 5 and 6. This is reached fron his actual date of birth 23 reduced to 2 + 3 = 5 and the number 6 reached by adding 2+3 (date) + 1 + 2 (month) + 1 + 9 + 6 + 0 (year) which comes to 24 and finally 2 + 4 added to make 6.
in his case the ruling planet is Mercury (5). He is also influenced by Venus, 6 being the digit arrived by adding all the numbers in his date of birth. Both these planets will be very beneficial to hin. If his name is reckoned it will be 3(G) + 5(H) + 1 (A) + 2(R) + 1 (I) which adds to 12 and finally 3 (1 +2). The number 3 represents Jupiter and this should ensure much happiness for G. Hari.
Furthermore, there are the compatible numbers and these Could be tabulated as follows:
The number one agrees with 3; Two with 3 and 5; Three with 1, 2, 5, 6 and 8; Four with 3, 5 and 6. Five with 2, 3, 6, 8 and 9; Six with 3, 5, 8, and 9, Seven with 3 and 5; Eight with 3, 5, and 6, and Nine with 5 and 6.
Planetary characteristics: 1. SUN. Subject is well informed; ambitious, aspiring and should be an able head of an enterprise.
2. MOON. This celestial body governs one's points of view but a Moon subject, amiable by nature, will have to adjust a great deal in life.
3. JUPITER: Subjects are often persons of letters, they are jovial and much blessed.
4. RAGU: Strict by nature, those under the influence of this planet are good to strangers and will prosper in alien lands.
5. MERCURY: The planet of scientists and mathematicians and as befits it, those under its influence understand the subtle problems of life better.
6. VENUS: The Venus people love beauty, are involved in business activities and worldly. They possess wealth and enjoy much Cornforfs.
7. KETHU: Saints, philosophers and perSons of integrity usually have this planet as their ruler.
8. SATURN: Saturnians are conscientious people and are dedicated to the larger welfare of the community.
9. MARS: Martians are very courageous and adventurous folks.
Madhuvanthi Was Magnificent
Kumari Y.G. Madhuvanthi, the 14-year-old daughter of film actor Y.G. Mahendra, gave a recital of 'Bharata Nrityam' at the Bharata Vidya Bhavan in London on May 23, 1992.
Madhuvanthi is a shishya of Dr. (Miss) Padma Subrahmanyam, whose achievements as a brilliant dancer, research Scholar, innovative choreographer, music composer, teacher, author and indologist are unparaleled in the contemporary dance scene. Padma's creative choreographic efforts include, inter alia, translating the frozen dance postures of karna (ancient basic units of dance) sculptures into pulsating, fascinating
and dynamic moven her own unique tec tinents and kinetics. captivating sculpture zles the audience by innovative ability. She Who opened a new cl Bharata Natyan.
To be a shishya o tows extra demands
shishya. She is ine reviewed in the Contex grandeur of the Padn Synonymous with the
How did Madhuvant this probing microsco
Madhuvanthi connnn pulsating Pashpanjali the items to follow. T unique Jathiswara Sa Rupakam. Not many p even in India have he tionally Jathiswaran Padma has revived an Jathiswaram with sahil her Guru's choreogre cated to Lord Muruga, quite a few eyebrows,
Pabhanasan Sivan' mayam' in Dhanyasi ai by Adyar Lakshman performed Varnam in far. Madhuvanthi danc but choreographed by longing of the humans in the form of a loveic arrival of her lover - L. vanthi's intepretati choreography, what ha regarded as a rather st sprang into life and a dimensions in terms of SanChari bhava extollit Vishnu. Madhuvanthi's Moksham was really fa
Swami Dayananda Sanbo, dedicated to L. kadu Venkatasubba ly dedicated to Lord Rama his wedding) were bea compositions brought t in the portrayal of V: she portrayed Nandan to the deity at Thillai to obstacles placed in the Sanctum. The amount c old girl brought into pla deep anguish, calling ir
 

15 JUNE 1992
ents. She has evolved inique of bodily move't has an arresting and que quality which dazits sheer dynamism and is a Constructive rebel' apter in the evolution of
o Padma therefore besand expectations on the
&
vitably assessed and t of the uniqueness and a style' which today is ferm Bharata Nrityam '. i acquit herself under pe?
enced with a brisk and which set the tempo for his was followed by a thityam' in Kamas and eople in the dance field ard of this item. Tradihas no sahityam, but obsolete dance form of yam, And in dancing to aphy with lyrics dediMadhuvanthi did raise at the Bhavan.
S Varmann - Nee indha nd Adi, choreographed is perhaps the most the London scene So ed the Same Varnam, Padma. It depicted the oul for union with God rn lass pining for the Drd Vishnu. In Madhuon of her Guru 's lshitherto COme to be ale Varmam, suddenly ssumed new exciting vivid and imaginative ng the virtues of Lord portrayal of Gajendra ntastic.
Saraswathi's 'Bho ord Shiva and Oothuer's "Kalyana Rama’, (being dressed up for utiful and un Common o life by Madhuvanthi arugalaamo, wherein (of low caste) praying help him surmount the way of his visiting His of empathy a 14-yearly to depict Nandan's to action every facial
muscle and also perhaps opening up every alveole in her lungs, spoke volumes about her great potential for the future. The programme came off to an appropriate conclusion with a lyric of Abhinavagupta set to music by Padma in Kannada Raga in a delightful rendition of Thilana by Madhuvanthi
ln conclusion, Madhuvanthi's Sense of rhythms was impeccable, her interpretation of bhava was precocious and she proved herself to be a magnificent shishya and a worthy ambassador of Padma's unique 'Bharata Nrityam'. - Review and photo by Dr. K. Indra Kumar.
Sri Rama Pattabhishekam
The South London Tamil audience which had seen the staging of the Ramayana in the first three parts by the children of South London Tamil School during the past years were treated to the last and concluding part, Rama's Pattabhishekam on 9th May last. lt was a grand show by the little children speaking their parts with admirable style and acting splendidly. A surprising feature this time was the introduction of singing by some of the cast, the songs of Arunachala Kavirayar Whose opera Rama Nataka Keerthanas is famous. The children most of whom do not learn music were able to sing the songs correctly with raga and thala which were applauded by the huge audience with gusto.
The final scene in which the return of Rama with Sita to Ayodhya after completing the fourteen year exile was enacted with a beautiful procession with royal paraphernalia along the aisle of the auditorium which was an unexpected treat to the huge audience. Troops of dancers enlivened the final arrival of the royal party and the crowning of Rama by Vashishta in the presence of the royal party and rishis.
More than sixty children took part in the play and the pranks of the monkey army led by Hanuman were interesting. Among the parts, Rama, Sita, Lakshmana, Hanuman, Ravana, Mandothari, Angathan, and Bharatan were outstanding. But on the whole all the children did their parts well. The drama was produced and directed by the school's Drama teacher Mrs. Sivapathasundaram.

Page 31
15 JUNE 1992
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