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hk;. ;fs; Gul;rpfu tpLjiy Kd;dzp> jkpoPo kf;fs; tpLjiyf;fofk;> yf; $l;lzp Mfpa mikg;Gf;fspd; $l;L Kd;dzpahd jkpo; rpaf; $l;lzp jq;fsJ murpay; nraw;ghLfs; Fwpj;J 04-05-2008 ;; xU fUj;juq;fpid Vw;ghL nra;jpUe;jdH. Idehafj;jpd; mtrpak;> jg; NgZjy;> If;fpaj;jpd; ,d;iwa Njit vd;gd Nghd;w gy j;Jf;fshf gupkhwg;gl;ld. ,f;fUj;juq;fpy; ehKk; fye;Jnfhz;L ; kPjhd Nkk;ghL Fwpj;J vkJ epiyapid tpsf;fpaNjhL> jypj; jkpo; [dehaf Njrpaf; $l;lzpapdupd; murpay; jPHT gw;wpAk; ;gpapUe;Njhk;. jypj;Jf;fspdJ Nkk;ghL Fwpj;J tpNrlkhf jhk; hfTk;> tpiutpy; mJgw;wpa jPHT cUthf;fg;gl;L ntspapLtjhfTk; hH. 2008 ,y; Rtp]; ehl;L efuhd #upr;rpy; kdpjts mgptpUj;jp k; XH fUj;Jg; gupkhw;wiy epfo;j;jpapUe;jJ. ,e;epfo;tpy; vkJ gpujpepjpfSk; fye;Jnfhz;ldH. [dehaf ePNuhl;lj;jpy; ;l gy jkpo; mikg;Gf;fSk; mf;fUj;juq;fpy;; gq;Fgw;wpdH. mq;Fk; ; ,d;iwa murpay; Nghf;F> fpof;F khfhzrig epHthfk;> s; Nghd;w gy tplaq;fs; tpthjj;jpw;F vLf;fg;gl;lJ. ehKk; py; fye;Jnfhz;L jypj; r%fj;jpdJ murpay; cj;juthjk;> mjd; pa epahaq;fisAk; vLj;Jiuj;Njhk;. ,e;epfo;tpy; fye;Jnfhz;l ,f;fUj;jpid cd;dpg;ghf ftdpj;jNjhL mjd; mtrpaj;ij
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NjhoH vk;.rp. mtHfs; fz;f kf;fspd; r%f nghUshjhu nts;is Ntl;b> ePskhd er xU gioa rapf;fpspy; ah ,dpatH. Ntz;Ljy; vJthdhY ,tupd; ,izapy;yh Nritf;F (1970) gjtpiaf; nfhLj;jJ ghuhSkd;w cWg;gpdH vd;w nfsutpf;FKfkhf jypj; r% thq;fp md;gspg;ghff; nfhL thOk; jypj; kf;fsplkpUe thq;fg;gl;lJ. me;j md;g mikr;rH yf;];kd; [af;n Nkhl;lhHfhiu vk;.rp.aplk; if
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Fz;L tPrpaij mwpe;j jypj; r%fk; tlkuhr;rpapypUe;J tUk; rfy thfdq;fisAk; aho; efUf;Fs; nry;ytplhJ jLj;Jr; Nrhjidapl;ldH. mjdhy; gy jhf;Fjy; rk;gtq;fSk; ,lk; ngw;wd. mr;rgtk; fhuzkhf aho; efhpy; gjl;lkhd epiy cUthdJ. ,jid mwpe;j vk;.rp. mtHfs; rkhjhd Kaw;rpapy; nray;gl;L epyikia rPHgLj;jpdhH. ,e;j Fz;L ntbg;Gr; rk;gtj;ij jkpo; murpay; ‘jiyikfs;’vtUNk fz;bf;ftpy;iy. ey;Y}H ghuhSkd;w cWg;gpdH mUsk;gyj;jpw;fhd ,yf;F (mUsk;gyk; rpwPyq;fh Rje;jpuf;fl;rpapy; ,ize;J nray;gl;ljhy;) mJ jtWjyhf vk;.rp.apd; fhH kPJ tPo;e;J tpl;lJ vd;gjhfNt mtHfs; fhuzk; fw;gpj;jdH.
ghuhSkz;wj;jpy; vk;.rp. mtHfs; xU Nfhhpf;ifia Kd;itj;jhH (1976). tl-fpof;fpy; thOk; 5 1/2 yl;rk; jypj; kf;fis jdp ,dkhf gpufldk; nra;Ak;gbahd Nfhhpf;ifNa mJthFk;. mthpd; Nfhhpf;if rk;ge;jkhf gPjpf;Fs;shd aho; Nkyhjpf;fthjpfs; vk;.rp.ia re;jpj;J Nkw;gb jPHkhdj;ij thg]; ngWk; gbAk;> jypj; r%fk; rhHe;j gpur;ridfisj; jPHg;gjw;F jkf;F fhy mtfhrk; jUk;gbAk; Nfl;ljd; fhuzj;jhy; «jdp,dkhf;F» vd;w gpNuuiz thg]; thq;fg;gl;lJ. md;iwa vk;.rp mtHfspd; Nfhhpf;ifapd; epahj;jd;ikfs; ,d;Wk; Gwf;fzpf;fKbahj xd;whfNt ,Uf;fpwJ.
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jpdKk; NjLjy; nra;Jk;> Njhoupd; FLk;gj;jtiu kpFe;j rpyiu jkJ
kd cior;rYf;F cs;shf;fpaNghJk; v];.up.vd;. ehfuj;jpdk; mtHfs; vjw;Fk; mQ;rpltpy;iy. nfhz;l nfhs;ifapy; ; tPo;e;j rpy g kfhehl;bw;F
cWjpahf ,Ue;J nray;gl;lhH. (vtH>vg;g) ; Kk; Fog;gKk;
1978 k; Mz;L aho; tPurpq;fk; gz;lgj;jpy; jPz;lhik k; nfhiy
xopg;G ntF[d ,af;f kfhehL ,wjpahf eilngw;wJ. pj;J jypj;
NjhoH v];.up.vd;. ehfuj;jpdk; mtHfis mbf;fb gpd; k; gzpGhpe;j
ehl;fspy; Rz;zhfj;jpy; cs;s mtuJ tpahghu pifahfhJ.
];jhgdj;jpy; re;jpf;fTk; Nghuhl;ltplaq;fisg; gw;wpa mDgtq;fis mwpe;Jnfhs;sTk; vdf;F tha;g;Gfs; igNa jypj;
fpilj;jd. jypj; r%fj;jpd; Jzpr;ryhd jiyikj;jsgjp k.
NjhoH v];.up.vd;. ehfuj;jpdk; vd;gjpy; vJtpj [aKkpy;iy.
1961 xf;NlhgH 21 y; nghyp];jiliaAk; kPwpa Rz;zhfj;jpypUe;J Muk;gpj;j vOr;rpahd Gul;rpfu uj;jpdk;;
CHtyj;ij> mJNghy Rz;zhfj;jpypUe;J rq;fhid tiu ele;j CHtyj;ij rq;fhidapypUe;J aho; efH Nehf;fpa gpukhz;lkhd Nkjpd CHtyj;ij> Nghahjpdj;jpy; Nkjpdk; e;j NjhoH
nfhz;lhl jil ,Ue;jNghJ Nkjpd CHtyk; tpd;H yapd; tPukpF
glkhspifapypUe;J jpBnud Gwg;gl;l Gul;rpfu CHty;ijAk; rpWghd;ikj;
mt;CHtyj;ij (nghd;dkhfil re;jp) rj;jpu re;jp jhz;l J. 1960,y;
jghy; epiyaj;Jf;F mz;ikapy; nghyp]; jbab ;ikj; jkpoH
nra;jNghJ NjhoHfs; kpf Nkhrkhf jhf;fg;gl;lNghJ jdpahH NjhoH vk;.rp.>
fhzpapy; njhlHe;J nghJf; $l;lk; ele;jJk; v].up.vd. piyg;ghl;il
Nghd;w ,sk; jiytHfspd; kNdhjplj;ij jypj; pdk;> uFehjd;
r%fj;Jf;fhd NghHf;Fzj;ij ehd; vz;zp tpaf;fpNwd;. hd rPd rhHG p];l; fl;rpapd;
njhlHr;rp-11 Mk; ghHf;f...
3

Page 4
jypj; murpay; Fwpj;J Vuhskhd Nfs;tpfSk; tpku;r gj;jpupiffspYk; $l;lq;fspYk; NeupYk; Kd;itf;fg;gLf kpf vspikahd Nfs;tpfNs. Vw;fdNt rpWgj;jpupifj; js Nfs;tpfSf;fhd gjpy;fis ehk; jpUk;gj; jpUk;gr; n Nfs;tpfisAk; re;Njfq;fisAk; vOg;Gtu;fs; mNefk ,Uf;fpwhu;fs;. rhjpaj;jpd; nfh^uk; Fwpj;Jk; mjd; jd ahUk; ghlk; elj;j Ntz;ba mtrpak; fpilahJ. jypj ,tw;iw mDgtpg;gtu;fs;. Mdhy; rhjpak;, mjd; El gz;ghL Fwpj;njy;yhk; nts;shsu;fSf;F mtrpak; f xLf;fg;gLgtu;fsplk; te;J xLf;FKiwf;F vjpuhfg; gug;Gi kf;fs; $l;lj;jpilNa Ngha; xLf;FKiwf;F vjpuhfg; gug;Gi vdNt Vw;fdNt nts;shsu;fshy; gutyhf vOg;gg;gl;l Nfs gjpYk; ghlKk; nrhy;Yk; gFjp ,J. ,e;j tpdhtpilg; njhlr;rpahf ntsptUk;:
jypj;jpak;
4
1.jypj; rhjpfs; vd;W vd;ndd;d rhjpfis tiuaWf;fpwPu;fs;?
jypj; rhjpis ehq;fs; xUNghJk; tiuaWj;jjpy;iy. mij ,e;Jkj tUzhrpu ju;kKk; kDTNk tiuaWj;jhu;fs;. Mjpf;f rhjpapdu; me;j tiuaiwapy; ve;j khw;wNkh nefpo;Nth Vw;glhjthW ,d;Wtiu fl;bf; fhg;ghw;wp tUfpwhu;fs;. tuyhW KOtJk; ,e;j tiuaiwia cilf;f jypj; kf;fSk; ,e;j tiuaiwiaf; fhg;ghw;w Mjpf;f rhjpapdUk; Nghuhbf;nfhz;NlapUf;fpwhu;fs;. tu;zhrpukj; ju;kg;gb ma;e;jhtJ tu;zj;jpdu; my;yJ m- tu;zj;jpdu; my;yJ jPz;lj;jfhNjhu; my;yJ gQ;rku; vdf; Fwpg;gplg;gLgtu;fisNa ehq;fs; jypj;Jfs; vd;W miof;fpNwhk;. jypj; vd;w nrhy; gQ;rku; my;yJ jPz;lj;jfhNjhu; vd;gjw;fhd khw;Wr; nrhy; fpilahJ. jypj; vd;w nrhy;Yf;F xLf;fg;gl;l kf;fs; my;yJ nehWf;fg;gl;l kf;fs; vd;W nghUshFk;.
2.vd;dapUe;jhYk; jypj; vd;gJ jkpo; thu;j;ijapy;iyNa?
,JnthU Rj;Jkhj;Jf; Nfs;tp. [dehafk;> Njrk;> Nrhryp]k;> R+upaNjtd; vd;W vz;zw;w gpwnkhopr;
nrhw;fis murpaypYk nrhw;fs; Vw;Wf;nfhs kWg;gJf;F rhjpg; gw;W
3.gQ;rku Gof;fj;jpy
Mk;> Kjy; N gQ;rku;> mu jypj;Jfs; k vd;w nrhy;Y gQ;rku; vd rhjpaf; N Vw;Wf;nfhs jypj;Jfis mJTk; jk vd;gijAk njupe;Jnfhs

Nfs;tpfSk; tpku;rdq;fSk; ,izaj;jsq;fspYk; eupYk; Kd;itf;fg;gLfpd;wd. ,tw;wpy; mNefkhdit Nt rpWgj;jpupifj; jsq;fspYk; $l;lq;fspYk; ,e;jf; ; jpUk;gj; jpUk;gr; nrhy;yp te;jpUf;fpNwhk;. ,e;jf; vOg;Gtu;fs; mNefkhfj; jypj; my;yhjtu;fshfNt ; Fwpj;Jk; mjd; jd;ikfs; Fwpj;Jk; jypj;JfSf;F rpak; fpilahJ. jypj; kf;fs; jq;fs; tho;f;ifA+lhf ; rhjpak;, mjd; El;gkhd fl;likg;G, ,e;Jkjk;, u;fSf;F mtrpak; fw;gpj;Njahf Ntz;bapUf;fpwJ. iwf;F vjpuhfg; gug;Giu nra;tijf; fhl;bYk; xLf;Fk; iwf;F vjpuhfg; gug;Giu nra;tJjhd; mtrpakhdjhFk;. utyhf vOg;gg;gl;l Nfs;tpfisj; njhFj;J mtu;fSf;Fg; J. ,e;j tpdhtpilg; gFjp ,e;j ,jopypUe;J tLtpy;
hjpfis
nrhw;fis jkpo;nkhop cs;thq;fpapUf;fpwJ. Fwpg;ghf murpaypYk; mwptpaypYk; ,t;thwhd vz;zw;w gpwnkhopr; nrhw;fs; jkpopy; fye;J tpl;ld. ,ijnay;yhk; y. mij
Vw;Wf;nfhs;gtu;fs; jypj; vd;w nrhy;iy kl;Lk; Vw;f j;jhu;fs;.
kWg;gJf;F nkhopg; gw;W vd;W ngauy;y. mjw;Fg; ngau; khw;wNkh
rhjpg; gw;W my;yJ rhjpj; jpkpu;. fhg;ghw;wp cilf;f
3.gQ;rku; vd;W Vw;fdNt xU nrhy; Mjpf;f
Gof;fj;jpypUf;fpwNj? ;zhrpukj; ;zj;jpdu;
Mk;> Kjy; Ntiyahf me;jr; nrhy;iy xopj;jhf Ntz;Lk;. u; vdf;
gQ;rku;> muprdq;fs;> rf;fpyp> rz;lhsu; vd;gnjy;yhk; ; vd;W
jypj;Jfs; kPJ kw;wtu;fshy; Rkj;jg;gl;l ngau;fs;. gQ;rku; my;yJ
vd;w nrhy;Yf;F ma;e;jhtJ tu;zj;jpdu; vd;W nghUs;. hJ. jypj;
gQ;rku; vd;w nrhy;iy xUtu; Vw;Wf;nfhz;lhy; mtu; f;fg;gl;l
rhjpaf; Nfhl;ghlhd tu;zhrpukj; jj;Jtj;ij Vw;Wf;nfhs;fpwhu; vd;Nw nghUshFk;. gQ;rku; vd;gJ jypj;Jfis mtkhdg;gLj;Jk; xU ,opTr; nrhy;. jtpu jkpo;
mJTk; jkpo;r; nrhy;yy;y, mJ tlnkhopr; nrhy;Ny vd;gijAk; ,e;jj; jdpj; jkpo; gw;whsu;fs; njupe;Jnfhs;sl;Lk;. ;> Njrk;> pwnkhopr;
-Nrhgrf;jp-

Page 5
4.Kd;ngy;yhk; rpWghd;ikj; jkpou;fs; vd;W nrhd;d Kbahjh?
,y;iy KbahJ. Vnddpy; Aj;jj;jpw;Fg; gpd;dhy; Vuhskhd nts ,g;NghJ  $l;lzpapdu; vd;W vtu; rhjpaj;jpw;F vjpuhd x ehq;fs; mtu;fis Kw;WKOjhf Mjupg;Nghk;. mtu;fNshL rhjpaj;J jahuhAs;Nshk;. mNj Nghy; rhjpaj;ijf; fl;bf; fhg;ghw;w my;yJ n mtu;fs; vkJ giftu;fNs. vdNt jypj; murpay; vd;gJ ntWkNd rhjpaj;ij xopg;gjw;Ff; fle;j Kg;gJ tUlq;fshfg; Gypfs; vd;d Kjypy; vOg;gNtz;Lk;.
6.nghJthfNt    jkpo; kf;fs; ; rhjpaj;jpw;F vjpuhd xU rpW nraiyr; nra;jhw;$l me;j tplaj;jpy; k;. mtu;fNshL rhjpaj;Jf;F vjpuhd eltbf;ifspy; ,ize;J NghuhlTk; ;bf; fhg;ghw;w my;yJ nksdkha; fle;J Nghf epidg;gtu;fs; vtuhapDk; urpay; vd;gJ ntWkNd Gypnajpu;g;G murpay; vd;W nrhy;tjw;F Kd;dhy; lq;fshfg; Gypfs; vd;d nra;jpUf;fpwhu;fs; vd;w Nfs;tpiaj;jhd; ePq;fs;
u;fs; vd;W nrhy;tJjhd; tof;fk;. khu;f;rpa mwpQu;fs; gpuhkzu;fs; vd;Wjhd; NgrpAk; vOjpAk; tUfpwhu;fs;. ;Lk; ghu;g;gdpak; ghu;g;gdu;fs; vd;nwy;yhk; vOJfpwPu;fNs?
; vd;W miog;gJjhd; ,d;Wtiu nghJthd Nghf;F. mq;NfAk; ngUk;ghyhd d; NgrpAk; vOjpAk; tUfpwhu;fs;. rup ,e;jf; Nfs;tpf;F je;ij ngupahu;
khdkw;wtd; my;yJ ,opkfd; my;yJ kilad; vd;Wjhd; ehd; $WNtd;. dJ cau;e;j [hjpj; jd;ikia ehNk Mjupg;gJ NghyTk; ehk; R+j;jpud; MfpwJ? ghu;g;gdu; vd;w nrhy;jhd; rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fspy;$l ,Uf;fpd;wJ. rpj;ju;fs; jpU%yu; Nghd;wtu;fspd; ghly;fspy; $l gpuhkzd; vd;w nrhy; f;fNt me;jr; nrhy;iyg; GFj;jpf;nfhz;lhu;fs;.
(njhlUk;)
k; NghNj ,oprhjpf;fhwd; Mfpd;whd;.> wd; Mfpd;whd;. gpwtpapNyNa rhjp tpl;lJ. mtd; vt;tsT gbj;J gl;lk; caHgjtp tfpj;jhYk; nghUshjhuj;jpy; hf ,Ue;jhYk; Flhehl;by; tsHr;rp ek;ehl;by; ngWtij nghWj;Jf; ,Uf;fpd;wtiu nfhs;s Kbahj Po;r;rhjpf;fhwDkhfNt fUj;jg;gLthd;.
Nghdhy; Ntz;Lkhdhy; kiwj;Jf;nfhs;syhNk ;fpUf;fpwtiu d;.
+
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Page 6
Fl;bf;fij
eh
d; NtiyghHf;Fk; filapy; rhg;ghl;Lg; nghUl;fs; thq;Ftjw;F mbf;fb te;JNghths; mkyh. ,jdhy; vdf;Fk; mtSf;Fk; el;G Vw;gl;L gyjlitfs; Ngrpf;nfhz;Nlhk;. ehl;Lg;gpur;ridfs;> tPl;Lg;gpur;ridfs;> mayl;l gpur;ridfs; rpdpkh ,g;gbg; gy tplaq;fs;. mtSf;F vd;kPJ Vw;gl;l ek;gpf;if tPl;Lj;njhiyNgrp> ifj;njhiyNgrp vd;gd %ykhfTk; ehk; ciuahbf;nfhs;Nthk;.
mtsJ Ngr;rpYk; fUj;jpYk; nkhopg;gw;W> gzg;gw;W> rhjpg;gw;W mtsJ neQ;rpy; epiwaNt gjpe;jpUe;jJ ntspgilahfNt njupe;jJ.
xUKiw vkJ gps;isfis Vd; jkpo; gs;spf;$lq;fSf;F mDg;Gtjpy;iynadf; Nfl;lhs;. jha;nkhopapd; mtrpak; gw;wpAk;> mJ fw;Wf;nfhs;s Ntz;ba fl;lhak; gw;wpAk; vdf;F fl;lisapLtJNghy; fUj;Jf; $wpdhs;. ehNdh mtSld; murpay; uPjpahd ciuahly;fis Muk;gj;jpy; ,Ue;Nj jtpHj;J te;Njd;. jkpo; nkhop fw;f Ntz;b mts; Nghl;l fl;lisf;F
gjpy; vJTk; $whky; nky;ypa Gd;difAld; nksdpj;Jf; nfhz;Nld;;.
xUehs; jpBnudf; Nfl;lhs;
ePq;fs; vd;dhf;fs;? vdf;Fg; Gupe;Jtpl;lJ. Gupahjtidf; Nghy;
ehd; jkpohf;fs; vd;Nwd;. m J njupAJ ePq;f Cupy vd;dhf;fs; kPz;Lk; Nfl;lhs;. ehd; nrhy;yyhkh? tplyhkh? rhjf ghjfq;fis $l;bf;fopj;Jg; ghHj;Njd;. cz;ikiar; nrhd;dhy; vkf;Fs; cz;lhd
6
-rpj;jd;-
el;G mWe jaq;fpNdd ,d;DnkhU crhuhNdd
“ehd; giw “ghHj;jhy; “Kfj;jg;gh “ePq;fs; ey mtasgw;w tbthr; nr nghUf;fh ,Ug;gpdkh Ngrj; nju njupNay;y
“Cupy vq nra;atpl;b nrj;jtPl;Lf fOtpwJk;j Nty. me;j re;jzKk;> fijf;fpwJ cs;s Nfh
“vz;lhYk nfjpaha;f $wpr;nrd;w kPz;Lk; xU “`Nyh“ v mts; fz kPz;Lk; eh “`Nyh“ v Njbte;J N tpUk;ghj G nrhd;dhs;. fijf;fpwd

;ghl;Lg;
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el;G mWe;J tpLNkh vd xUfzk; jaq;fpNdd;. ,d;iwf;F kiwj;jhYk; ,d;DnkhUehs; njupaj;jhNd NghfpwJ. crhuhNdd;...
“ehd; giwaH rhjpiar; NrHe;jtd“ “ghHj;jhy; njupNay;iyNa“ “Kfj;jg;ghHj;jh rhjpaf; fz;Lgpbf;fpwas“ “ePq;fs; ey;y Brz;lh ,Uf;fpwas;> mtasgw;wp mg;gh> mz;zd;khH ey;y tbthr; nrhd;dt> mitf;F ifnay;yhk; nghUf;fh ,Uf;Fkhk;> Cj;ijaha; ,Ug;gpdkhk;> ntby; kzf;Fkhk;> fijf;fg; Ngrj; njupahjhk; cq;fsg; ghHj;jh mg;gbj; njupNay;y.“
“Cupy vq;fs vq;f ey;y Nty nra;atpl;bas;? ff;$R vLf;fpwJk;> nrj;jtPl;Lf;F Nksk; mbf;fpwJk;> M];gj;jpup fOtpwJk;jhNd ePq;fs; vq;fSf;f FLj;j Nty. me;j Nty nra;jhy; clk;gpy re;jzKk;> rhk;gpuhzpAkh kzf;Fk;. ehq;fs; fijf;fpwJ NgRwJ vy;yhNk cq;fspy cs;s Nfhgj;jpd;u ntspg;ghLjhd;.“
“vz;lhYk; ehd; ek;gkhl;ld;. Mdhy; nfjpaha;f; fz;Lgpbr;rpLtd;“cWjpaha; $wpr;nrd;whs; kPz;Lk; xUehs; filf;F te;jhs;. ehd; “`Nyh“ vd;Nwd;. mts; fz;Lk; fhzhkYk; epd;whs;. kPz;Lk; ehd; “`Nyh“ vd;Nwd;. vd;id vg;NghJNk Njbte;J Ngrptpl;Lr; nry;Yk; mkyh tpUk;ghj Gd;difAld; ntWg;ghfr; nrhd;dhs;. “,g;g Neukpy;y gpwF fijf;fpwd;............“
+

Page 7
ah
o;g;ghzj;J epyTilikr; r%fj;jpd; Kuz;ghLfis tpsq;fpf; nfhz;L mr;r%fj;jpy; mirtpaf;fj;jpid Vw;gLj;jpa fUj;Jg; nghwpfspy; khf;rpa topapy; 1950Mk; Mz;L fhyg;gFjpfspy; Njhd;wpa mikg;ghsHfs; (System Builder) khjphp cUit tbtikj;jtHfs; (model builder) khHf;fj;jpid fz;lwpe;jtHfs; (pathfinder) thpirapy; tho;e;J gzp nra;j NjhoHfs; thpirapy; ,e;j Mz;by;> Kjypy; mfpy ,yq;if rpWghd;ik kfhrigiar; NrHe;j kh. nry;yj;jk;gp mtHfis ,oe;J jtpj;J epd;wNghJ> kfhrigiar;NrHe;j ,d;ndhU NjhoH. Jd;dhiyiar; NrHe;j nry;iyahitAk; ,oe;Jtpl;Nlhk; vd;w nra;jp te;J NrHe;jJ.
NjhoH nry;iyah mtHfs; mkuj;Jtk; mile;Jtpl;lhH. mtH epfo;Tfis Gidtpd;wp gjpT nra;tjpD}Nl Ik;gJfspy; mlf;F Kiwf;nfjpuhf fpsHe;njOe;j xU r%fj;jpd; tuyhw;wpidAk; gjpT nra;Ak; tha;g;G fpl;Ltij czHfpNwd;. md;W  xNu gpuNjrj;jpy; xNu khjphpahd tho;it tho Kbahky; jLj;J> ehfhPfkw;w Kiwapy; vq;fs; kz;zpd; ike;jHfs; mlf;fp xLf;fg; gl;lNghJ > fpsHe;njOe;j tuyhw;wpid gjpT nra;Ak; Kaw;rpahfTk; ,jidf; nfhs;syhk;. vdf;F vl;batiu fpilj;j jfty;fspd; top ehd; tho;e;j fpuhkj;jpy; tho;e;j ,tNuhnlhj;j NjhoHfisAk; ,tHfsJ nraw;ghLfisAk; Mtzg;gLj;j epidf;fpNwd;.
mkuH rpd;dj;jk;gp nry;iyah mtHfs;  giar; NrHe;j epd;wNghJ> yiar; NrHe;j te;J NrHe;jJ.
le;Jtpl;lhH. ra;tjpD}Nl e;njOe;j xU ;g;G fpl;Ltij a Ngrp> xNu ahky; jLj;J> Hfs; mlf;fp w;wpid gjpT yhk;. vdf;F ;e;j fpuhkj;jpy; ; ,tHfsJ wd;.
pd; tlkuhl;rpg; ; rpd;dj;jk;gp gpwe;jhH. aho; a njhlq;fpa hiy (model Mq;fpy nkhop ;W NjwpdhH. tho;f;ifj; isg; ngw;W kuH mtHfs; thior;Nrid Ntiyf;f
puhd Nghuhl;lr; dj; njhlHe;J hff; nfhz;l e;J nraw;gl
itj;jJ. tlkuhl;rpapy; kfhrigapd; fpisapid mikj;J nraw;gl;l NjhoHfshd M.k. nry;yj;Jiu> ftpQH gRgjp> K.nry;tghf;fpak;> fpU];zgps;is> [P.[P. kfhypq;fk;> KUNfR> kh.nry;yj;jk;gp> M.FNye;jpuk;> t.rpd;dj;jk;gp> M.td;dparpq;fk;> tP.];;.rptghjk;> t.jq;fkzp kw;Wk; ,uFehjd;> njzpahd;> f.,uhruj;jpdk; MfpNahUld; ,ize;J Kd;dzpapy; epd;W nraw;gl;lhH. kfhrigapd; nghJf; fhhpajurpahf rl;lj;juzp gP.N[.md;udp mtHfs; ,Ue;J cioj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jNghJ mkuH mtHfs; epHthff; fhhpajurpahf ,Ue;J nraw;gl;lhH. mg;NghJ cj;jpNahfkh? r%fg;gzpah? vdf; Nfs;tp vOe;jNghJ cj;jpNahfj;jpid tpl;L te;J r%fg; gzpfspNy KOtJkhf  M.rptFU ,UtUk; $l jhq;fs; mf;Fwizapy; tfpj;J te;j gz;lfrhiyg; nghWg;ghsH cj;jpNahfq;fis tpl;L te;J (,g;gbg; gyH) r%f khw;wj;jpwfhf vOr;rpAld;  tl;ltpjhid vd miof;fg;gLk; rhjp ntwpaHfSila rz;bad; rpj;jd; vd;gtd; (mf;fhyj;jpy; tl;ltpjhid vd miof;fg;gLk; mur mjpfhukw;w caHrhjp
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8
fl;lg; gQ;rhaj;Jf;fhuHfs; xt;nthU tl;lhuj;jpYk; ,Ue;jpUf;fpwhHfs;.) tP.v];.rptghjk; mtHfis topkwpj;J mthplk; mtuJ rNfhjhpia kpf mtJ}whfg; Ngrp mtiuj; Jtue;jbahy; jhf;fpAk; cs;shH. gjpYf;F tP.v];.rptghjk; mtHfs; mtH ngd;rpy; rPTtjw;fhf itj;jpUe;j Ngdhf;fj;jpahy; rpj;jid jhf;fpAs;shH. ,r;rk;gtkhdJ md;W rhjp mjpfhur; rz;bj;jdj;ij cRg;gpa rk;gtkhf mike;jpUe;jJ. md;W khiy rptghjk; mtHfSila tPL jPf;fpiuahf;fg;gl;lJ. Nrjpawpe;J vk;.rp.mtHfSld; mkuH nry;iyah mtHfSk; mt;tplk; te;J NjhoikAld; mtHfSld; NrHe;J vjpH eltbf;iffspy; nrw;gl;Ls;shH. fd;nghy;iyapd; vy;iyia mz;ba ,ilf;Fwpr;rpapy; tho;e;J te;j tP.];.rptghjk; mtHfsJ ngw;NwhH FLk;gkhf ghJfhg;G fUjp fd;nghy;iyapd; ikag;gFjpf;F mtuJ nghpa jfg;gdhhpd; fhzpf;F ,lk; ngaHe;jhHfs;. ,g;gb ghJfhg;Gf; fUjp ,lk; ngaHe;j xU rk;gtk; rq;fhid epr;rhkk; fpuhkj;jpy; NjhoH kheh.Kj;ijah mtHfSf;Fk; NeHe;jJ.
[P.[P.nghd;dk;gyk; mtHfs; gUj;jpj;Jiwj; njhFjp vk;gpahf ,Ue;jNghJ> Nrhy;ghpf; nfhkprd; aho;g;ghzj;jpw;F tp[ak; nra;jJ. mg;NghJ rhjpf; fytuq;fspdhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l fpuhkq;fis nfhkprdiu mioj;Jr; nrd;W fhl;Ltnjd rpWghd;ikj; jkpoH kfhrig KbntLj;jpUe;jJ. [P.[P.nghd;dk;gyk; mtHfs; mjw;F rk;kjpf;ftpy;iy. ,Ue;jNghJk; Nrhy;ghpnfhkprdiu ,ufrpakhf mioj;Jte;J fd;nghy;iyf; fpuhkj;jpy; vhpe;j tPLfis Gife;Jnfhz;bUf;Fk; epiyapy; fhl;bAs;shHfs;. ,jw;Fg; gpd;dzpay; fd;nghy;iyf; fpuhkj;jpidr; NrHe;j Miraz;z vd miof;fg;gLk; NjhoH. ,uhirah mtHfSk;> b.N[k;];> tp.b.fzgjpg;gps;is>
vk;.rp.rg;gpu nry;iyahT rkrkhrj; Nj nrhy;yg;gLf itj;J tp.b Mfpa %t gl;lhHfnsd
nghd;.fe;ij lgps;A+. jf jkpoH kfhr jho;j;jg;gl;l rigfspy; Ntl;ghsHfs gl;bdrigj NjhoH.M.rpt epWj;jg;gl;L jlit 22 t gj;jpw;Fl;gll re;jpf;f NeH $l;lq;fspy NjhoH. M.rpt (gpd;nghU NjhoH.Mz NjHjypy; gl;bdriga tp.ituKj;J Nghl;bapl;l Nghl;bapl;l vd;gJ ,q;F
vk;.rp.mtHf tpsq;fpdhH. MrphpaH [p. jhq;fp Kid aho;g;ghzk CHtyj;jpi nrd;whH. ,t gUj;jpj;Ji khdpg;gha ,ikahzd mzpapdUld mtHfspd; K tuyhW. ,r mkuH nry;i Ngrg;gl;lhH.
1966 khrp k xLf;fg;gl;l ghlrhiy ( mtHfspd; j epWTtjw;F xj;Jioj;jN mt; mq;F mtHfSk; tUk;NghJ m tpiotpj;jt

huj;jpYk; opkwpj;J p mtiuj; ;.rptghjk; j;jpUe;j ;gtkhdJ k;gtkhf ila tPL d; mkuH ikAld; l;Ls;shH. wpr;rpapy; Lk;gkhf mtuJ ;. rq;fhid fSf;Fk;
p vk;gpahf tp[ak; pf;fg;gl;l ;Ltnjd .
tpy;iy. oj;Jte;J PLfis ;. ,jw;Fg; ; NrHe;j uhirah ps;is>
vk;.rp.rg;gpukzpak;> ,Ue;jhHfs;. $lNt jiytH nry;iyahTk; fd;nghy;iyf; fpuhkj;ijr; NrHe;j ,d;ndhU rkrkhrj; NjhoH igutd;.khrpyhkzp mtHfSk; ,Ue;jjhfr; nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. tPL jpUk;Gk; topapy; ney;ypabr; re;jpapy; itj;J tp.b.fzgjpg;gps;is> vk;.rp. Rg;gpukzpak;> b.N[k;]; Mfpa %tUk; rhjpntwpaHfshy; ieag;Gilf;fg; gl;lhHfnsdd;gJ gy ,lq;fspy; gjpthfpAs;sJ.
nghd;.fe;ijah mtHfspd; fhyj;jpy; mtH fy;tp mikr;rH lgps;A+. jfehaf;f mtHfspd; cjtpAld; rpWghd;ikj; jkpoH kfhrigapd; mDruizAld; jkpo;g; gFjpfspy; jho;j;jg;gl;l kf;fspd; tpbtpw;fhfg; ghLghl;lhH. cs;Suhl;rp rigfspy; jho;j;jg;gl;l kf;fspd; gpujpepjpfs; Ntl;ghsHfshf epWj;jg;gl;ldH. mg;NghJ ney;ypab gl;bdrigj; NjHjypy; fd;nghy;iyf; fpuhkj;jpidr; NrHe;j NjhoH.M.rptFU njhlHe;J ,uz;L jlitahf Ntl;ghsuhf epWj;jg;gl;L el;rj;jpur; rpd;dj;jpy; Nghl;bapl;lhH. Kjy; jlit 22 thf;Ffs; tpj;jpahrj;jpYk; ,uz;lhtJ jlit gj;jpw;Fl;gl;l thf;Ffs; tpj;jpahrj;jpYk; mtH Njhy;tpia re;jpf;f NeHe;jJ. mg;Nghnjy;yhk; mj;NjHjy; gpur;rhuf; $l;lq;fspy; mkuH nry;iyah mtHfs; fye;Jnfhz;L NjhoH. M.rptFU mtHfSf;F MjuT Njb Ngrp te;Js;shH. (gpd;nghUjlit fd;nghy;iyiar; NrHe;j NjhoH.Mz;b.Re;juk; mtHfSk; ney;ypab gl;bdrigj; NjHjypy; Nghl;bapl;lhH.) rkfhyj;jpy; rq;fhidg; gl;bdrigapy; Nghl;bapl;l khd;.eh.Kj;ijah> gp.ehfypq;fk;> tp.ituKj;J> g.gRgjp> ty;ntl;bj;Jiw gl;bdrigapy; Nghl;bapl;l NjhoH.jpUg;gjp> Rd;dhfk; gl;bdrigapy; Nghl;bapl;l nrdl;lH.ehfypq;fk; MfpNahH ntw;wpngw;wdH vd;gJ ,q;F Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
vk;.rp.mtHfspd; tYkpf;f Njhouhf nry;iyah mtHfs; tpsq;fpdhH. kfhrigapd; thypg Kd;dzpapy; tlkuhl;rpapy; MrphpaH [p.[p.kfhypq;fk; mtHfSld; NrHe;J jiyik jhq;fp Kidg;Gld; nraw;gl;lhH. me;ehl;fspy; tlkuhl;rpapy; aho;g;ghzk; Nehf;fp Vw;gLj;jg;gl;l vOr;rp kpf;f rapf;fps; CHtyj;jpid xOq;F nra;J jiyik jhq;fp elj;jpr; nrd;whH. ,t; CHtyj;jpy; aho;mzp> funtl;b fpof;Fmzp> gUj;jpj;Jiwmzp> Jd;dhiymzp> kl;Ltpy;mzp> khdpg;gha;mzp> fhq;Nfre;Jiwmzp> jPTmzp> ,ikahzd;mzp> fk;gHkiymzp> vd E}w;Wf;fzf;fhd mzpapdUld; fd;nghy;iymzpAk; MrphpaH f.,uhruj;jpdk; mtHfspd; Kidg;gpy; mzptFj;J epd;wJ me;ehl;fspy; tuyhW. ,r;rapf;fps; CHtyk; rpwg;Gw ele;Njwpaikf;fhf mkuH nry;iyah mtHfs; mt;Ntis nghpJk; ghuhl;bg; Ngrg;gl;lhH.
1966 khrp khjk; 14e; jpfjp fd;nghy;iyf; fpuhkj;jpy; xLf;fg;gl;l r%fj;jpdH fy;tp fw;gij Kd; itj;J XH ghlrhiy (ah/ rpwP ehujtpj;jpahyak;) f.,uhruj;jpdk; mtHfspd; jiyikapy; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;lJ. mg;ghlrhiyia epWTtjw;F epyj;jpw;F nrhe;jkhdtH epyj;jpid toq;fp xj;Jioj;jNghJ xUtH kl;Lk; kWj;J Fog;gk; tpistpj;jhH. mt; mq;Fuhg;gzf; $l;lj;jpy; jiytH nry;iyah mtHfSk; fye;jpUe;jhH. vg;nghOJk; gpur;ridfs; tUk;NghJ mjw;F Kfk; nfhLf;Fk; mkuH mtHfs; Fog;gk; tpiotpj;jtiu mZfp rkhjhdk; NgrpAs;shH. tplak;

Page 9
Kw;wp tptfhukhfp iffyg;G mstpw;F NghdNghJ fd;nghy;iyf; f jiyaplNt nghyp]; te;J mkuH. nry;iyah mtHfisAk; jtk; nrd;W jLj;J itj;jpUe;jJ. kWehs; vk;.rp. mtHfSk; t.jq;fkzp mtHfs; gpizf;ifnaOj;jpl;L ,UtiuAk; mioj;J te;jhH. gpd;G mu gd;dpnuz;L rpWghd;ikj; jkpoHfSf;F Mrphpa epakdk; fpilj;jJ. fw;W tUfpwhHfs;.
fd;nghy;iyf; fpuhk kf;fs; njhlHr;rpahf rhjpag; Nghuhl;lj;jpid midj;jpyq;if rpWghd;ik jkpoH kfhrigapd; Kd;dzp cWg;g mkuH nry;iyah mtHfs; ,ize;J nraw;gl;L te;Js;shH.
njhlHr;rpahf rpWghd;ikj; jkpoH kfhrig> jPz;lhik xopg;G ntF Myag;gpuNtrk; vd gQ;rkHfspd; rkj;Jtj;jpw;fhd midj;Jg; khtpl;lGuk; fe;jrhkp Nfhtpy; gpuNtrj;jpd;NghJ kz;ilapy; gykhf m mike;Js;s ty;ypGuf; Nfhtpy; gpuNtrj;jpd;NghJ vk;.rp.Ak; mku NrHe;j C.T.B nry;iyah> murb Foe;ijag;gh> f.,uhruj;jpdk; kw
NfhtpYf;Fs; nrd;wNghJ vq;fspd; tPl;L mHr;ridj; jl;ilj;jhd; v vd vdJ je;ijahH K.jtuhrh nrhy;yp kfpo;thH. mq;F Nfhapy; cs; jhq;fs; fz;ljhfTk; Nfhapy; kzpak; Nt.f.ty;ypGuKk; rpy mbah apd; Vw;ghl;by; nghypRk;> MkpAk; ge;Njhg];jpw;F te;J epd;wjhfTk Myaj;jpw;Fs; MAjq;fis nfhz;LNghd mNj ghzpapy; nghq;fy; g Mkp epd;wgbahy; ve;jtpj mrk;ghtpjKkpd;wp Myag; gpuNtrk; ele
vk;.rp. mtHfs; epakd vk;gpahf ,Ue;jNghJ mkuH mtHfs; rpghHR rhjpkhd; mUikj;Jiu vd;gtDf;F nrhe;jkhapUe;j vOgj;ije;J g gQ;rkHfSf;F chpikahf;fpdhH. rhjpar; rz;ilapy; Mas; jz;li NrHe;j khk;god;> rPdpad; rNfhjuHfis gpujk ke;jphp rpwPkhNth gz tpLjiy thq;fpf; nfhLj;jhH. Nkw;nfhz;l fhhpaq;fSf;fhf ,t Jr;rkhf kjpj;J vk;.rpf;$lhf ,tw;iw nra;J Kbj;jhH.
mkuH mtHfspd; njhlHr;rpahd gzpfspD}Nl rpWghd;ikj;jkpoH kf cLg;gpl;b njq;Fg; gdk;nghUs; cw;gj;jp tpw;gdT $l;LwTr; rq;fj;jpd gzpg;ghsuhfTk;> flw;njhopy; mikr;rpd; gzpg;ghsHrig cWg;gpd cj;jpNahfg;gw;ww;w Nkw;ghHitahsuhfTk;> rkhjhd ePjpthdhfTk; g
;,tH Nghd;w r%f tpLjiyg; Nghuhspfs; ,uj;jk;> tpaHit> rpiwt thOk; gQ;rk ,sk; re;jjp ,d;WtiuAs;s rkj;Jtj;jpid mD  vy;yhk; tpyfpg;Nghr;R vd;w tpijfNs.
(‘capHik’ rQ
,e;j ehl;by; rhjpKiwg; gpupT - fPo ,Ue;JtUfpwJ. Ml;rpAk; Mjpf;fK nrhe;jk;> mtHfsplk; my;yYk; m fPo;rhjpf;fhwUf;F nrhe;jk;. ,J ghJfhf;fg;gLfpwJ. ve;jtpiy n ,ij khw;WtJjhd; vq;fs; Kaw;r
-ngupahH-

dNghJ fd;nghy;iyf; fpuhkj;jpidr; NrHe;j K.jtuhrh (jtk;) ,ilapy; ah mtHfisAk; jtk; mtHfisAk; nghyp]; epiyaj;jpw;F mioj;Jr; mtHfSk; t.jq;fkzp mtHfSk; nghyp]; epiyak; nrd;W t.jq;fkzp ioj;J te;jhH. gpd;G muR ,g;ghlrhiyia nghWg;Ngw;W ,g;ghlrhiyA+lhf hpa epakdk; fpilj;jJ. ,d;W gj;jhk; tFg;Gtiu ,q;Nf khztHfs; fy;tp
hjpag; Nghuhl;lj;jpid elj;jpte;jNghJ xU fk;A+dp];l; vd;w tifapYk; gapd; Kd;dzp cWg;gpdH vd;w tifapYk; NjhoikNahL mtHfSld; ;gl;L te;Js;shH.
> jPz;lhik xopg;G ntFrd ,af;fk; Kd;ndLj;j NjdPHf;filg; gpuNtrk;> tj;jpw;fhd midj;Jg; Nghuhl;lq;fspYk; gq;Nfw;Ws;shH. xU rikak; J kz;ilapy; gykhf mbgl;lhH. ,tuJ fpuhkj;jpid mz;ba gpuNjrj;jpy; pd;NghJ vk;.rp.Ak; mkuH mtHfSk;> jtNahfk;> kw;Wk; Jd;dhiyiar;
g;gh> f.,uhruj;jpdk; kw;Wk; jhDk; Kd;thpirapy;
Hr;ridj; jl;ilj;jhd; vk;.rp. thq;fp Kjy; Kjyhf mHr;rid nra;tpj;jhH ; hH. mq;F Nfhapy; cs; kz;lgj;jpy; Jtf;Ffs; rhj;jp itf;fg;gl;bUe;jij .ty;ypGuKk; rpy mbahl;fSk; ,uz;lhk; kz;lgj;jpy; epd;wjhfTk;> vk;.rp. ;jpw;F te;J epd;wjhfTk;. ,Ue;jNghJk; jhq;fSk; gz;bj;jiyr;rp mk;kd; Nj ghzpapy; nghq;fy; ghidf;Fs; iff;Fz;Lfis nfhz;L NghdjhfTk; ;wp Myag; gpuNtrk; ele;jjhfTk; mtH $wpdhH.
mkuH mtHfs; rpghHR nra;J jdJ fpuhkj;jpy; Ml;Lg;gl;bf; Fwpr;rpapy; hapUe;j vOgj;ije;J gug;G fhzpapid murpdhy; RtPfhpj;J mq;F tho;e;j z;ilapy; Mas; jz;lid mDgtpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;j jd; fpuhkj;jpidr; jk ke;jphp rpwPkhNth gz;lhuehaf;fh mtHfspd; nghJ kd;dpg;gpd; Nghpy; fhhpaq;fSf;fhf ,tuJ capUf;F mr;RWj;jy; te;jNghJk; mjid ;J Kbj;jhH.
l rpWghd;ikj;jkpoH kfhrigapd; epHthff; fhhpajhprpahfTk;> fl;ilNtyp> ;gdT $l;LwTr; rq;fj;jpd; jiytuhfTk;> gid mgptpUj;jp gzpg;ghsHrig zpg;ghsHrig cWg;gpduhfTk;> gUj;jpj;Jiw Mjhuitj;jparhiyapd; rkhjhd ePjpthdhfTk; gazpj;Js;shH.
uj;jk;> tpaHit> rpiwtijf; nfhLik ,tw;wpD}Nljhd; ,d;iw  vd;Wk; Gjpa
(‘capHik’ rQ;rpifapy; fuitjhrdhy; vOjg;gl;l fl;Liu)
-ed;wp-
+
rhjpKiwg; gpupT - fPo;rhjp> Nky;rhjp J. Ml;rpAk; Mjpf;fKk; Nky;rhjpf;F Hfsplk; my;yYk; mtjpAk; gLtJ Uf;F nrhe;jk;. ,J rhj;jpug;gb> LfpwJ. ve;jtpiy nfhLj;jhapDk; tJjhd; vq;fs; Kaw;rp.
-ngupahH-
9

Page 10
10
N[Hkd; ];Ul;fhl; efhpy; A+d; 14 Mk; 15Mk; ;
,jpy; gy ehLfspypUe;Jk; mNefkhNdhH te;J fye;J nfhz;ld gpw;ghL te;jtHfspd; Ra mwpKfq;fSld; Kjyhk; ehs; epfo;r;rp Muk;g
mijj; njhlHe;J kiwe;j NjhoH g fhl;rpfs; ghHitf
mLj;j epfo;r;rpa capHepoy; rQ Kd;dzpapduhy; n mwpKfk; nra;J i NehHNtapypUe;J nra;Jitj;jhH. c nfhz;l gpujPgd; m tL vDk; gj;j Njtjhrd; mtHf mtHfs; khw;W rQ gw;wpf; $wpaNjhL NgrpdhHfs;. Fwpg;g mtHfs; jypj; r%fq;fspd; eyd; rhHe;J ntsptUk; tL gj;jphpifahdJ ntspapl Ntz;Lk; vd;gNj vkJ Nehf;fk; vd;Wk; $wpdhH.
njhlH epfo;thf yf;Rkp mtHfspd; newpg;gLj;jypy; ,iza rQ;rpiffs ,iza rQ;rpiffspd; Njhw;wq;fSk; mjd; tsHr;rp epiyfs; gw;wpAk; F gLj;Jk; top Kiwfis rfyUk; mwpe;J nfhs;Sk; #oiy cUthf;f ,iza rQ;rpiffs; mjpfsT Rje;jpukhf ntsptUjw;F GypfspypUe;J gpd;Gyk; vd;Nw $wyhk;. vdTk; Fwpg;gpl;lhH. ,e;epfo;tpd; jiyg;G nj ,izaj;jsk; g
35 MtJ ,yf epfo;thf 1985 M vd;gthpd; das morders vD ,e;ehtiy N[ vDk; ngz;kzp cs;slf;fj;ij nkhopAiuia Rr jkpopy; nkhopn ,af;Fzuhd to cs;sJ. mJ gp d u n mertri

+d; 14 Mk; 15Mk; jpfjpfspy; eilngw;wJ.
te;J fye;J nfhz;ldH. rptuh[h mtHfs; tuNtw;Giuia; epfo;j;jpa hk; ehs; epfo;r;rp Muk;gkhdJ.
mijj; njhlHe;J ,yf;fpar; re;jpg;gpd; ];jhgfHfspy; %j;jtuhd kiwe;j NjhoH guhkh];lH mtHfshy; vLf;fg;gl;l xspg;glf; fhl;rpfs; ghHitf;Fs;shf;fg;gl;lJ.
mLj;j epfo;r;rpahf Gfypl rQ;rpiffshd capHik , capHepoy; rQrpiffSld; ,yq;ifj; jypj; r%f Nkk;ghl;L Kd;dzpapduhy; ntspaplg;gl;LtUk; tL vDk; gj;jphpifAk; mwpKfk; nra;J itf;fg;gl;lJ. ,jpy; capHik rQ;rpifia NehHNtapypUe;J tUifje;j rutzd; mtHfs; mwpKfk; nra;Jitj;jhH. capHepoy; rQ;rpifia gpuhd;rpypUe;J fye;J nfhz;l gpujPgd; mtHfs; mwpKfk; nra;J itj;jhH. mLj;jjhf tL vDk; gj;jphpifia mjd; MrphpaH FOtpnyhUtuhd Njtjhrd; mtHfs; mwpKfk; nra;J itj;jhH. nghJthfNt mtHfs; khw;W rQ;rpiffs; vjpHnfhs;Sk; gy;NtW neUf;fbfs; gw;wpf; $wpaNjhL mjd; ntspaPl;Lr;rpukq;fs; gw;wpnay;yhk; NgrpdhHfs;. Fwpg;ghf tL gj;jphpif gw;wpf; $wpa Njtjhrd; k; tL gj;jphpifahdJ kpf vspikahd GhpjYf;Fhpa nkhopeilapy;
k; $wpdhH.
py; ,iza rQ;rpiffs; vDk; jiyg;gpy; rutzd; ciu epfo;j;jpdhH. Hr;rp epiyfs; gw;wpAk; Fwpg;gpl;Lg; NgrpaNjhL> mij ,yFthf gad; ;Sk; #oiy cUthf;f Kaw;rpj;J tUtjhfTk; $wpdhH. jkpopNy ptUjw;F GypfspypUe;J fUzhtpd; ntspNaw;wKk; xU fhj;jpukhd
e;epfo;tpd; jiyg;G njhlHghd fye;Jiulahy; epfo;tpy; N jrk; ,izaj;jsk; gy;NtWtifahd tpkHrdq;fSf;Fs;shdJ.
35 MtJ ,yf;fpar; re;jpg;gpd; Kjy; ehs; mkHtpd; ,Wjp epfo;thf 1985 Mk; Mz;L ntspte;j patrick suskind vd;gthpd; das parfum,die geschichte eines morders vDk; N[Hkd; nkhop ehty; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. ,e;ehtiy N[Hkdpiar; NrHe;j tphpTiuahsuhd mndw;w vDk; ngz;kzp mwpKfg;gLj;jpaNjhL me;ehtypd; midj;J cs;slf;fj;ijAk; tpsf;fpAiuj;jhH. mthpd; N[Hkdpa nkhopAiuia RrPe;jpud; mtHfs; vkf;F kpfr; rpwg;ghd tifapy; jkpopy; nkhopngaHj;jhH. Nkw;gb ehtyhdJ N[Hkdpa ,af;Fzuhd tom tykwer vd;gtuhy; jpiug;glkhf;fg;gl;Lk; cs;sJ. mJ gpuhd;]; nkhopapy; le parfum -histoire d un mertrier- vDk; ngahpy; 2006 ,y; jpiuaplg;gl;lJ.

Page 11
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