Page 1
re;jpupfhtpd; Nkhrb murpay;!
ng
g;utup 4k; jpfjp re;jpupfh jdJ kiwtplj;jpypUe;J Mw;wpa ciuapy;> fhzg;gl;l rpy tplaq;fs;> mtuJk; mtuJ murpdJk; cs;Neh- f;fq;fisAk; murpay; tq;FNuhj;- ijAk;> mjpfhu jpkpiuAk; kw;W- nkhU Nfhzj;j py;ekf;F mk;g yg;- gLj;Jfpd;wd. ,dg;gpur;ridf;F murpay; jPhT fz;L Aj;jj;jpid Kbtpw;F nfhz;L tUtjw;F> mid- j;J fl;rpfspd; jiytHfSf;Fk; gpujhdkhf tpLjiyg;GypfSf;Fk; miog;G tpLf;Fk; mtuJ ciuapy; nghjpe;jpUe;j tplaq;fs; ,it.
njd; jkpoPoj;j py; `Hj;j hy;!
k
l;lf;fsg;G> mk;ghiw (gl;bg;- gis) gpuhe;jpa kf;fs; jkJ vy;- iyfis tpl;L ntspapy; nry;tjw;F nghyp]; mDkjpnaLf;f Ntz;Lk; vDk; Gjpa fl;Lg;ghl;il rpwpyq;fh muR Vw;gLj;jpAs;sJ. ntspaplq;f- Sf;F nry;yTs;s kf;fs; ,uz;L fpoikfSf;F Kd;djhfNt nghyp- rpd; mDkjpiag; ngw;wpl Ntz;Lk;. Muk;gj;jpy; thfdq;fSf;F khj;jp- uNkapUe;j ,e;j gh];Kiwia jw;NghJ kdpjh;fspd; kPJk; jpzpj;J ekJ kdpj nfsutj;ijNa mtkh- dg;gLj;JfpwJ ,e;j ,dntwp muR.
(njhlHr;r p 7Mk;gf;f k;)
,NjNghd;wnjhU epiyjhd; tljkp- oPoj;jpy; gy tUlq;fshf ePbj;J tUfpwJ.
nghydWit nghyprhh; topg;- gwpf; nfhs;isah; Fk;gy; Nghy; kd;- dk;gpl;biaf; fle;J nry;Yk; kf;f- spd; milahs ml;ilia gwpj;J itj;Jf; nfhs;fpd;wdh;. ,e;j ml;L- opaq;fisnay;yhk; rfpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;f Kbahj kf;fs; jhkh- fNt Nghuhl;lj;ij Muk;gpj;jdh;. gh];Kiwf;F vjpuhf `h;j;jhy; mD\;bj;J jkJ Nfhgj;ijAk; vjph;g;igAk; ntspg;gLj;jpdh;. ,jd; tpisthf ngg;uthp 15k; jpfjpapyp- Ue;J tutpUe;j gh];Kiw jw;fhyp- fkhf epWj;jptpl;bUg;gjhf muR jug;gpy; mwptpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. mij
rp
wpyq;fhtpd; Rje;jpu jpd- j;ij kl;lf;fsg;G kf;fs; Jzpf- ukhf gfp\;fhpj;jpUg;gJ ekJ Njr- j;jpd; jd;khdj;ij NkYk; cyF- f;F vLj;Jf; fhl;LtjhAs;sJ. jq;fspd; Rje;jpu jpdj;ij vk;kPJ eph;g;ge;jkhf jpzpj;J mij ehKk; vkJ nrhe;j tpUg;G ntWg;GfSf;F mg;ghw;gl;L mbikfs; Nghy; Vw;fr; nra;tjd; %yk; jdJ Mjpf;fj; jpkpiu ntspg;gLj;jp te;j rpwpyq;fh muRf;F ,k;Kiw njd;jkpoPo kf;- fs; ey;y ghlk; gbg;gpj;Jtpl;ldh;. Kd;ngy;yhk; Nghuhl;l jug;gpdh; jhd; rpwpyq;fh Rje;jpu jpdj;ij
gfp\;fhpf;F fspy;  Kd;Df;F gpd; Kuzhf $w;Wf;fis gfHtjpy; re;jpupfh rhjid gilj;Js;shH vd;w Nghjp- Yk;> rpq;fs kf;fSf;F murpay; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;j xU jpdj;jpy; mtH Mw;wpa ciu vd;gjhy; Fwpg;- ghf ,jpy; ehk; ftdk; Ftpj;J mjd; cs;fplf;iffis fz;lwpa Ntz;b- As;sJ.
$w;Wf;fs; thupahf mtw;iw guprPy pg;N ghk;.
“kf;fs; jhk; cz;L gz;zpa tLf;fis jhNk Fzg;gLj;Jtjw;F ,g;NghJ jPHkhdpj;J tpl;ldH”. ,J
khzt
ehk; KOikahf ek;ghtpbDk; ekJ kf;fspd; Nghuhl;l gyk;jhd; muir ,e;jsthtJ gzpe;J tur; nra;Js;- sJ vd;gijapl;L ehk; ngUkpjk; nfhs;Nthk;.
,j;jifa ntF[dg; Nghuhl;- lq;fs; njhlh;r;rpahf kf;fshy; Kd;- ndLf;fg;gLtij midj;Jj; jug;- gpdUk; Cf;Ftpf;f Ntz;Lk;. murpd; gy;NtW mlf;FKiw tbtq;fSf;- Fnkjpuhf Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk; kf;fs; Nghuhl;lq;fSk; Njr tpLjiyg;
ah
o;g khztHfs tj;jpduhy rf khztH Nghuhl;lk; l;lk; ntw;w gykhdJ k Ls;sJ. fL Sf;Fk; ,uh zpg;Gf;Fk; eilngw;Ws tH r%jha gykhf ,U
rpwpyq;fh Rje;jpu jpdk;: jkpoPok; gfp\
jkpoPo kf;fs; fl;rpapd; mu
kf;fSf;Nf midj;J mjpfh
khrp 2000
mtuJ $w xU Nf kf;fSf;F jdJ nrhe %yk; mtH rpq;fs MO jg;gl;L nf nfhLuq;f ghj;jpuths nfhs;fpd; kf;fs; kPJ ghw;wp nfh nfhz;ljh
fhyq;f

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e;jpu jpd- s; Jzpf- ekJ Njr- k; cyF- hAs;sJ. ;ij vk;kPJ ij ehKk; g;GfSf;F ghy; Vw;fr; Mjpf;fj; rpwpyq;fh kpoPo kf;- ;Jtpl;ldh;. jug;gpdh; jpdj;ij
(njhlHr;r p 7Mk;gf;f k;) Hj;j hy;!
khztH Nghuhl;lk;!
bDk; ekJ hd; muir r; nra;Js;- ; ngUkpjk;
ah
o;g;ghzj;jpy; 436 ghlrhiy khztHfs; xd;wpize;J> ,uhZ- tj;jpduhy; ifJ nraag;gl;l jkJ rf khztHis tpLtpf;FkhW Nfhup
Njrj;jpd; flikahFk;.
Muk;gj;jpy; khztHfis jhk; ifJ nra;aNt ,y;iynad $wpa ,uhZtk;> khztH Nghuhl;lk; cf;-
g; Nghuhl;- shy; Kd;- j;Jj; jug;- ;Lk;. murpd; tq;fSf;- Lk; kf;fs; pLjiyg;
Mk;gf;f k;)
gfp\;fhpf;Fk; tpjkhd eltbf;if- fspy;  tpuptiltijAk; fz;L tpiutpy;> jdJ epiyg;ghl;il khw;wpf;nfhs;fpwJ. khztHfis tpLjiy nra;fpd;wJ. gilj;jiy- ikahdJ> Njitahapd; xU rpy gilapdupy; Fw;wj;ij Rkj;jptpl;L jhd; kd;dpg;G NfhUtjhf ghrhq;Fk; nra;fpd;wJ. gykhf ,Ue;J ghJfhg;gJk; ekJ
Mf;fpukpf;fg;gl;l gpuNjrq;f- spy;> Fwpg;ghf aho;g;ghzj;jpy; h Rje;jpu jpdk;: jkpoPok; gfp\;fhpg;G !!!
kf;fs; vjpHg;Gfis gytPdg;gLj;- Jtjw;F gilapdH ,Utpj topK- iwfis rkfhyj;jpy; gad;gLj;J- fpd;wdH. xd;W kf;fSf;F rYif- fs; mspg;gJ kw;wJ mlf;FKiw- fis gpuNahfpg;gJ. Mf;fpukpg;G gilapdH vd;w tpjj;jpy; KjyhtJ topKiwahdJ rpy jw;fhypf ntw;- wpfis mtHfSf;F je;j NghjpYk;> mJ ePbg;gjpy;iy. ,Ue;J NghjpYk; vjpupfs; ,g;gbahd tplaq;fspy; ,Ue;J gbg;gpidfis ngw;W Nghuh- l;lq;fis tpl;L kf;fis jdpikg;- gLj;J tjpy;njhlHe;J k;Gjpa top- Kiwfis cUthf;Ffpd;wdH vd;g- ijapl;L ekf;F vg;NghJk; vr;rup- f;if mtrpakhFk;.
tpiy &gh 10.00
f;fs; fl;rpapd; murpay; VL
Rje;jpu jpdk; nfhz;lhbdkhk; mit. Mdhy; mitapd;w
f midj;J mjpfhuq;fSk;
[dhjpgjpf;Nf Rje;j pukpy;i y . . . !! ,jo; -11
fshf ,Ue;J> MSq;FOkj;Jld; ifNfhHj;Jf;nfhz;Lk;> jhDk;> jdJ jha; je;ijaUk; %jhija- Uk; ,ioj;j ml;Lopaq;fSld;> rpq;fs kf;fis ,dthj rpj;jhe;- jj;jpw;Fs; %o;fbj;J mjd; %yk; ngw;w mtHfsJ MjuTld; ,q;-
; Kuzhf
mtuJ $w;W ; re;jpupfh d;w Nghjp- murpay; jpdj;jpy; hy; Fwpg;- pj;J mjd; pa Ntz;b-
Fs;s Vida r%fq;fSf;F njhlH- r;rpahf nfhLik ,ioj;j MOk; FOkj;ijAk; jd;idAk; ,tH gupR- j;jkhdtHfshf fhl;Lfpd;whH. jd;id jtpHj;J ,Jtiu ,Ue;J te;j Ml;rpahsHfis xg;Gf;F Fw;- wk;rhl;b te;j ,tH jw;NghJ kf;fs; Nky; gopiag; Nghl;Ltpl;L jhDk; me;j tuyhw;W fiwfspy; xUtuh- fpd;whH. mjpfhuj;Jt> Nkl;Lf;F- bapd; gpujpepjpahf mth; mg;gl;lkhf jd;idf; ntspf;fhl;Lk; $w;W ,J.
“vjpHfl;rpnahd;Wk; jPtputhj FOnthd;Wk; Aj;jj;ij Kbtpw;F
k; Rje;jpu jkpoPok;
xU Nfhbf;Fk; Nkw;gl;l rpq;fs kf;fSf;F jiytuhf ,Ue;Jk;> jdJ nrhe;j kf;fisNa ,f;$w;wpd; %yk; mtH mtkhdg;gLj;Jfpd;whH. rpq;fs MOq; FOkj;jpdhy; elhj;- jg;gl;L nfhz;bUf;Fk; mj;jid nfhLuq;fSf;Fk; mtH kf;fis ghj;jputhspfhsf;fp jhd; jg;gpj;Jf; mtw;iw
nfhs;fpd;whH. mjpfhuj; jpkpUk; kf;fs; kPJ gopNghl;L jd;idf; fhg;-
j;Jtjw;F gz;zpa
ghw;wp nfhz;ljhf nfhs;Sk; ,f;$w;W Nfhioj;jdKk;
mikfpwJ. ;ldH”. ,J
fhyq;fhykhf Nkl;L;f;Fb-

Page 2
,
dmopg;gpw;F cl;gLj;jg;gLfpd;w ve;jnthU NjrKk; jd;id jw;fhj;Jf;nfhs;tjw;fhf Maj Nke;jpg;Nghuhl cupik nfhz;lit. mlf;FKiwfs;; ,y;yhtpl;lhYk; $l Njrq;fs; jw;fhg;gpw;fhf MAjk; Ve;Jk; cupik nfhz;lit. ,j;Njrq;fs; RaepHza cupikapd;ghl;gl;L jkJ murpay; jiytpjpia jhNk epHzapf;f KbAk;. jdpauir mikf;fTk; KbAk;. jhuhz;ikthjf; Nfhl;ghl;il mbg;gilahf nfhz;l> Njrq;fspd; xd;wpaj;jpd; (United Nation’s charter) mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;l rhrdj;jpd; ruj;Jf;fs; ,jid cWjpg;gL;j;Jfpd;wd.
,e;j Mtzj;jpy; mnkupf;f muRk; mjd; $l;lhspfSk; rpwpyq;fh muRk; $l ifnahg;gk; ,l;Ls;- sd. ,Ue;Jk; ekJ Njrk; kl;Lk; ,jw;F tpjptpyf;fh vd;d? MAjq;fis fise;Jtpl;L rkhjh- dj;jpw;F tUk;gb vk;ik khj;jpuk; ,tHfs; vg;gb NfhuKbAk;? ,y;yhtpl;lhy; vkJ Njrj;ij mopj;njhopg;Nghk; vd Vd; fq;fzk; fl;l Ntz;Lk;.? rpwpyq;fh murpdhy; fl;ltpo;j;Jtplg;gl;l mur gaq;futhjj;jpd; jtpHf;f Kbahj tpisty;yth ,e;j Nghuhl;l tbtk;. MdhYk;> md;wpypUe;J ,d;Wtiu ,e;j murgaq;futhjpfs; vk;ik gaq;futhjpfshf cyFf;F fhl;l Kad;W tUfpd;wdH.
1994
,y; rpwpyq;fhtpy; re;jp- hpfh muR Ml;rpNawpa NghJ vq;Fk; “rkhjhdk;”ghlg;gl;Lf;nfhz;bUe;jJ. jhNd xU rkhjhdg; Gwhthf mtjhpj;jpUg;gJ Nghd;w gpuikia re;jphpfh Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhz;b- Ue;jhh;. gjtpNaw;G md;W jdJ “koiy” jkpohy; ciuahw;wp jkpoh; kdjpy; ,lk;gpbj;jpl Kad;whh;. thpf;F thp “jkpo;r; rNfhjuh;fs;” vDk; nrhy;iy ms;sp tPrpdhh;. mijj; njhlh;e;J “Ngr;Rthh;j;ij” ehlfk;.  mtw;iwj; jPh;g;gjw;fhfTk; jhd; vdTk; $wpf;nfhz;lhh;. xU Gwk; Mf;fpukpg;G Aj;jk;. kWGwk; rptpy; eph;thfj;ij Mf;fpukpf;fg;- gl;l gpuNjrq;fspy; epWtpLk; Kaw;rp. ,jd; %yk; “ePjpahd topapy; gpur;rpidf;F jPh;T fhz;gtuhf”
2
mnkhpf;fh-rpwpyq;fh MAjg; ghptHj;jid!
,e;j ,dmopg;G muRld;> ,g;NghJ
`kh] mnkupf;f gaq;futhjpfs;
Gypfs; ,a gfpuq;fkhfNt ,ize;J nfhz;Ls;-
ghd;wtw;iw sdH. Kd;DhW tUlq;fSf;F Kd;G
vd;W gl;ba ,d;iwa mnkupf;f Njrk; MAjNke;jp
cyf gaq tplhg;gpbahf Nghuhb gpupj;jhdpahtpd;
jhHkPfk; epa gpbapy; ,Ue;J jd;id
gl;baypy; Kj tpLtpj;Jf;nfhz;lJ. mtHfis
mnkupf;f Vf gaq;futhjpfshf fhl;l mg;NghJ vtUk; gl;bay; itj;jpUf;ftpy;iy. ,d;Nwh cyfk; KOtjpYk;
jkpo; N f j n j j v GJ r N n l t t
vj;jidNah gaq;futhjq;fis mnk- upf;f muR fl;ltpo;j;J tpl;Ls;sJ? vj;jidNah ,yl;rk; kf;fis nfhd;W Ftpj;Js;sJ? ,d;Wk; vj;jidNah Nfhb kf;fis gQ;rk; gl;bzpapy; tijj;J kiwKfkhf nfhiy nra;J
m vJ gaq;fut fhtyhsp” v Jf;nfhs;S vd;djhd; m cs;sd?
tUfpd;wJ? Gjpa cyf xOq;F> cyf mikjp vd;W ,g;NghJ ,tHfs;
jkpoPoj grg;gpdhy; kl;Lk; tuyhw;wp;d;
isAk;> Nfe ,uj;jf;fiwfs; kiwe;JtpLkh?
mtHfSk; m fUikahd tuyhW kiwe;J NghFkh?
mDgtpf;fT
jd;idf; fhl;bf; nfhz;lhh; re;jphpfh.
eltbf;iff Mf;fpukpf;fg;gl;l gpuNjrq;fspy;
ghL r rpwpyq;fh murpd; ePjpkd;wq;fs; kpfTk;
mbg;gila mf;fiwAld; nraw;gLj;jg;gl;ld.
kf;fs; kPjh rptpy; tof;Ffs; cl;gl murpay;
Mf;fpukpg tof;FfSk; tprhuizf;nfLj;Jf;
fshf ,it nfhs;sg;gl;ld. ifJ
fg;gl;L tU
rpwp yq;fh muR rl;l Kf%bAk; ,uhZt Ra&g
nra;ag;gLgth;fspd; FLk;gj;jpdh;
ftdpf;fj;j ePjpkd;wk; %yk; jk;kth;fis tpL-
Fj;jhd; x tpf;ff;$ba eilKiwAk; elg;gpyp-
murhy; jd Ue;jJ. Aj;jf; Fw;wthspfs; $l
kf;fsJ rPu ePjpkd;wj;jpw;Ff; nfhz;Ltug;-
,lkspj;jpl gl;ldh;. khztp fpUrhe;jp $l;L
Ffs; jdJ tz;Gzh;r;rp gLnfhiy kw;Wk;
tbj;jdj;i cwtpdh; gLnfhiyf;F vjpuhd
mjd;%yk tof;Ffs; murpdhNyNa elj;jg;-
toq;f Ntz gl;l tof;FfshFk;. mj;Jld;
Neubahf j fhzhkw; NghNdhUf;fhd tprhu-
gf;fk; rhHf izf; fkp\Dk; mikf;fg;gl;lJ.
mopg;G elt ,itahTk; re;jphpfh muR “ePjpnewp
gl;rj;jpy; ga ];jhgpf;Fk;” muR vDk; khiaia
jd;dhy; K ntspapy; Vw;gLj;jp te;jJ. rpq;fsg;
eph;thfKk gilfspd; jkpo; kf;fs; kPjhd
ePjpkd;wq;fS Fw;wq;fis tprhhpf;Fk; - jz;bf;Fk;
ePjpkd;wj

Njrj;jpd; MAjg; mnkhpf;fh-rpwpyq;fh ghptHj;jid!
jPtpukhd Njrpa tpLjiyg;Nghuhl;lk; xU gpujhd jilahf ,Ug;gJld; kw;WnkhU cz;ikiaAk; ehk; fzf;fpy; nfhs;s
d;> ,g;NghJ
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Gypfs; ,af;fj;ij ,d;Dk; ,JN nfhz;Ls;-
ghd;wtw;iw gaq;futhj ,af;fq;fs; f;F Kd;G
vd;W gl;baypl ,e;j mnkupf;f kw;Wk; AjNke;jp
cyf gaq;futhj Fk;gYf;F vd;d hdpahtpd;
jhHkPfk; epahak; cs;sJ mt;thwhapd; jd;id
gl;baypy; Kjyplk; ngw Ntz;baJ ,e;j tHfis
mnkupf;f Vfhjpgj;jpa muRjhd;. mg;NghJ ;ftpy;iy. OtjpYk;
jkpo; Njrpa gpur;ridf;F jPHT fhz;gjw;F jd;dstpYk;>
Ntz;L;k;. mz;ikf;fhykhf mnkupf;fhtpd; ftdk; njd;dhrpa gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; mjpfupj;J tUfpd;wJ. ,g;gpuhe;jpaj;ij tisj;J jd; fhybapy; Nghl;Lf;nfhs;s mjd; ,uhZt nghUshjhu kw;Wk; ,uh[je;jpu Kaw;rpfs; Kidg;g- ile;Js;sd. ,Jtiu fhyKk; ,y;- yhjthW mnkupf;f muRj;jiytH xUtupd; ,e;jpa tUif ,jd; Kf;fp- aj;Jtj;ij fhl;Lfpd;wJ. ,e;jpa cg fz;lj;jpYs;s rpwpa ngupa ehLfis jkJ rpq;fs Njrj;ijAk;
KOmstpy; Vg;gk; tpl mnkupf;fh nrhw;g mstpNyDk;
Neubahf vj;jdpf;fpd;wJ. ,jd; xU jahupg;gpw;Fs;shf;fhJ>
gFjpNa rpwpyq;fhTldhd ,uhZt jdJ Aj;j ae;jpuj;jpw;F
xg;ge;jq;fSk; MAj tpw;gidAkhFk;. vz;izapl;L
;fis mnk- pl;Ls;sJ? s nfhd;W ;jidNah l;bzpapy; iy nra;J
GJg;gpj;Jf;nfhz;bUf;Fk; rpwpyq;fh ,dntwp murpw;F> Nfhbf; fzf;fhd &gha; ngWkjp kpf;f MAj jsgh- lq;fisAk; kw;Wk; cj- t p f i s A k ; toq;fpapUf;fpd;wJ ,e;j mnkupf;f muR. mt;thwhapd; vJ gaq;futhjk;? “kdpj cupikapd; fhtyhsp” vd jd;idj;jhNd mioj;- Jf;nfhs;Sk; mnkupf;f muRf;F mg;gb vd;djhd; mbg;gil eyd;fs; ,jpy; cs;sd?
Vw;fdNt rpwg;G MAj gapw;rpfs;> csTj;jfty;fs>; epjp> jsghlq;fs; vd Vuhsk; tsq;fis rpwpyq;fh muRf;F mnkupf;fh toq;fp te;Js;sJ. mnkupf;f mjpfhupfs; Neubahf Aj;jKidf;F nrd;W topfhl;ly;fis nra;Js;sdH. ,jd; gpd;dUk; Gypfs; mile;j ntw;wpfs; mnkupf;fhitAk; mr;RWj;Jtjhf cs;sJ. vdNt ,d;Dk; mjpfstpy; etPd> tYthd gilf; fyq;fis toq;Ftjd; %yk; rpwpyq;fh murpd; Nghuhw;wiy gyg;gLj;j NeubahfNt  cyf
vg;gbAk; vkJ Nghuhl;lj;ij ,tHfs;
jkpoPoj;jpd; mupjhd tsq;f-
gytPdg;gLj;jptpl glhj ghL gLfpd;wJ uyhw;wp;d;
isAk;> Nfe;jpu Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ijAk;
,e;j mnkupf;f gaq;futhjk;. ,jd; ;JtpLkh?
mtHfSk; mtHfspd; $l;lhspfSk;
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mDgtpf;fTk; nfhs;isaplTk; ekJ
vr;rup;f;if nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
h; re;jphpfh.
eltbf;iffs; jhuhz;ikthj Nfhl;-
Fw;wthspahf;fpf; nfhs;s ve;j jrq;fspy;
ghL rhh;e;j kdpjThpik
Mf;fpukpg;G murhtJ tpUk;Gkh? vdNt ;fs; kpfTk;
mbg;gilapNyNa ele;jJ. jkpo;
mJ jw;NghJ jdJ rl;l Kf%bia ;jg;gl;ld.
kf;fs; kPjhd ,d mopg;gpd;> Njrpa
xUGwk; fow;wp itj;Jtpl;L ,uhZt murpay;
Mf;fpukpg;gpd; tpisthd Fw;wq;-
Ra&gj;ij ntspg;gLj;jj; ;nfLj;Jf;
fshf ,it ,Ug;gnjd;gJ kiwf;-
njhlq;fpAs;sJ. ,d;W jkpoPoj;jpy; ifJ
fg;gl;L tUfpwJ vd;gJk; Fwpg;ghff;
ml;Lopafukhd ,uhZt Ml;rpia
pwp yq;fh muR :
re;jphpfh fl;ltpo;j;J tpl;Ls;shh;. mk;gykhfpLk; ,uhZtf; Fw;wq;fs; $l Kf%bAk; ,uhZt Ra&gKk;!
tprhuizf; nfLf;fg;glhky; jpl;lkpl;L iftplg;gLfpd;wd. - rpwpyq;fhtpy; Ke;- ija murhq;fj;jhy; gLnfhiy k;gj;jpdh;
ftdpf;fj;jf;fJ. vt;tsT fhyj;jpw;-
nra;ag;gl;lth;fsJ GijFopf- ;fis tpL-
Fj;jhd; xU Mf;fpukpg;G ,uhZt
isj; Njhz;bAk;> Fw;wthspfSf;F k; elg;gpyp-
murhy; jd;dhy; Mf;fpukpf;fg;gl;l
tprhuizf; fkp\d;fs; Nghl;L gfpu- spfs; $l
kf;fsJ rPuhd rptpy; tho;f;iff;F
q;f ePjptprhuizfis elj;jpAk; z;Ltug;-
,lkspj;jpl KbAk;? mNdfkhd tof;-
rpq;fs kf;fs; kj;jpapy; ey;ygpg;gp- e;jp $l;L
Ffs; jdJ mur gilapd; mlh-
uhaj;ijj; Njbf;nfhz;l re;jphpfh y kw;Wk;
tbj;jdj;ij mk;gyg;gLj;JtjhAk;
muR> nrk;kzp GijFop tprhu- vjpuhd
mjd;%yk; gilapdUf;F jz;lid
izia mg;gbNa fplg;gpy; Nghl;Ls;- elj;jg;-
toq;f Ntz;bAk; tUifapy; muR
sJ. nrk;kzp tptfhuj;ij tprhhpf;- mj;Jld;
Neubahf jdJ ,uhZt eyd;fspd;
fj; njhlq;fpdhy; ,d;Dk; gy Gij- hd tprhu-
gf;fk; rhHfpwJ. mj;Jld; jdJ ,d
Fopfs; gw;wpa ,ufrpak; mk;gyj;- ;fg;gl;lJ.
mopg;G eltbf;ifia mjd; cr;r
jpw;F tUk; vDk; mr;rKk; muRf;- R “ePjpnewp
gl;rj;jpy; gad;gLj;Jtjw;F muRf;F
Fz;L. - jpUNfhzkiy NfhNz];- ; khiaia
jd;dhy; Kd;ndLf;fg;gLk; rptpy;
thp> kd;dhh; Ilh fhkypw;wh > Gq;FL . rpq;fsg;
eph;thfKk; rl;l xOq;Fk;
jPT fh;g;gpzpg; ngz; rhujhk;ghs; s; kPjhd
ePjpkd;wq;fSNk jilahAs;sd. jdJ
MfpNahh; kPjhd $l;L tz;Gzh;r;rp jz;bf;Fk;
ePjpkd;wj;jpy; jd;idj;jhNd
(njhlHr;r p 3Mk;gf;f k;)
jkpoPok; - khrp 2000

Page 3
rpwpyq;fh muRj; jiytH: xU mjpAaH ,uhZt ,yf;F!
m
z;ikapy; rpwPyq;fh muR jiytH kPJ Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l td;- Kiw jhf;Fjy; Fwpj;J NtWgl;l czHtiyfs; vKg;gg;gl;Ls;sd. ,tw;wpy;> ,j;jhf;FjyhdJ kf;f- shy; njhpT nra;ag;gl;l xU muRj; jiytH kPJ Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l Nfh- ioj;jdkhd Kaw;rp vd;w fUj;Jk; jdpegHfis nfhiy nra;tjd; %yk; jkpo; kf;fsp;d chpkfis ngw KbahJ vd;w thjKk; mff;iwf;- Fl;gLj;jg;gl Ntz;baitahFk;.
,q;F Kjyhtjhf Fwpf;fg;gl;- Ls;s fUj;J rpwPyq;fh muR jiy- tH> kf;fshy; njhpT nra;ag;gl;Ls;s xU murpay; jiyth; vd;w mk;rj;- jpNyNa KOf; ftdj;ijAk; Ftpf;- fpd;wJ. mtH murpay; jiytuhf ,Uf;fpd;w mNjNeuj;jpy;> Kg;gil- fspd; jiytuhfTk; ,Uf;fpd;whH vd;w cz;ik Kw;whf kwf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ> my;yJ kiwf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
ehk; ,e;j cz;ikap- ypUe;J njhlq;FNthk;. rpwPyq;fh muRj; jiytNu Kg;gilfspd; jiytuh- fTk; jdJ gilfSf;F fl;lisapLgtuhfTk; ,Uf;fpwhH vd;w vjhH- j;jkhdJ> mthpd; ghj;jp- uj;ij jdpf; Fwpg;ghd- jhf khw;Wfpd;wJ. xUG- wk; ekJ Njrj;ij nghW- j;jtiu> rpwPyq;fh gilf- spdhy; ekJ kz;zpy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;- gl;L tUfpd;w mj;jid ml;Lopaq;- fSf;Fk; kpNyr;rj;jdq;fSf;Fk; gjpy; nrhy;y Ntz;batuhfTk; nghWg;Ngw;f Ntz;batuhfTk; rpwPyq;fh muR jiytH cs;shH. mNjNeuj;jpy;> jPtpukhd Aj;jk; ,lk;ngWfpd;w epiyapy;> rpwPyq;fh gilfspd; mjpAaH jiytH vd;wtifapy;> ,uhZt ,yf;fhf Mf;fg;gl $ba epiyapy; mtH ,Uf;fpwhH. xU Aj;j #oypy; Kg;gilfspd; jiytiu tpl> mjpAaHe;j ,uhZt ,yf;F NtW vJTk; ,Uf;f KbahJ vd;gJ kpfr; rhjhuz cz;ik.
xU nfhba Mf;fpukpg;G Aj;jk; ek;kPJ jpzpf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;w epiyapy;> ekJ kf;fspd; uj;jKk; rijAk;  ekJ kf;fspd; cly;fs; ,uhZt ,yf;fhf;fg;gl;L fpopj;J tPrg;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;w #oypy;> ,jw;F fhuzkhf mike;jpUf;fpd;w rpwPyq;fh gilfspd; jiytupd; cly; ,uhZt ,yf;fhf;fg;gLtjpy; vd;d jtW ,Uf;fpd;wJ? rpwPyq;fh muR jiytiu NghHj;jpapUf;fpd;w murpay;
Milfs; mfw;wg;gLkhapd;> mtupy; cs;slq;fpAs;s Nfhu ,uhZtj; Njhw;wk; mg;gl;lkhf ntspg;gLk;. mg;NghJ fpsd;]p ngHzhd;NlhTk; nld;]py; nfhg;NgfLtTk; gpNukjhrTk; re;jphpfhTk; xNu Njhw;wj;ij nfhz;b- Ug;gJ njspthf Gyg;gLk;.
Gul;rpfu ePjp vd;w mHj;jj;jpy; ghHg;Nghkhapd;> ekJ Njrj;jpd; rhHgpy; jz;lidf;Fs;shf;fg;gl Ntz;batuhf ,d;iwa rpwPyq;fh- tpd; muR jiytH ,Uf;fpd;whH. nrk;kzpapy; Gijf;fg;gl;Ls;s ekJ kf;fspd; NguhYk;> gl;bdpapdhYk; NehapdhYk; Fz;LfspdhYk; jkJ capHfis ,oe;J nfhz;bUf;fpd;w ekJ kf;fspd; ngauhYk; mopf;fg;- gLfpd;w ekJ tsq;fspd; ngauhYk; tzf;fj;jyq;fsp;d; ngauhYk; gwpf;fg;gl;Ls;s ekJ ,iwikapd; ngauhYk; mtH jz;lidf;Fs;-
shf;fg;gl Ntz;batuhf cs;shH.
jdpegHfis nfhy;tjd;%yk; ve;jnthU r%fg; gphpTk; my;yJ NjrKk; jdJ tpLjiyia mil- e;J nfhz;ljpy;iy vd;gij tuyhW jpUk;g jpUk;g ep&gpj;Js;sJ. murp- ay; Nghuhl;lj;jpy; ,e;j KbT xU tpjpahfNt epWtg;gl;L tpl;lJ. vdNt jdpegH nfhiyffs; %yk; jdJ murpay; ,yf;if mile;J tplyhk; vd;W Kaw;rpf;fpd;w xU murpay; mikg;ghdJ> mjd; %yk; jdJ murpay; mwpahikiaNa ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;wJ vd;w KbTf;F xUtH tu KbAk;.
vdpDk; me;j tpjpia mHj;jg;- gLj;Jtjpy; ehk; mtjhdkhf ,Ug;- gJk; mtrpak;. Vnddpy; ,ij ePl;br; nry;tjd; %yk; midj;J td;Kiw eltbf;iffisAk; epuhfhpf;fpd;w KbTf;F xUtH tuKbAk;. jdpegH kPjhd td;Kiw jhf;Fjy;fs; %yk; murpay; ,yf;if mile;J tpl Kb- ahJ vd;w cz;ikia Gupe;J nfhs;tJ Nghd;Nw> murpay; ,yf;if Nehf;fpa Nghuhl;lj;jpy;> jdpegHfs; kPjhd td;Kiw jhf;Fjy;fs; ngWfpd;w Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ijAk; Gupe;J nfhs;tJ
mtrpak;. m MAjg; N Kd;ndLf;f kPjhd NghHf vjpup Kfhi me;je;jf; f Nkw;nfhs jhf;Fjy;f Fwpg;gpl;l Nghuhl;lj murpay; ,y jpy; ce;jp nraw;gLfpd ,t;thW Kiw fyh fNth> td jw;jpUg;jp jg;gl khl jpw;Fs; jp vd;wtifa rkhjhdr; #
ekJ kf;f MHtj;ij tUfpd;wJ. rf;fuq;fsp Md;khit e ,j;jif Njrj;jpd; Mf;fpukpg mg;gilfs ,yf;fhf;f jJ kl;Lky mtrpakhd xU rhjhu gLtJ vd;g sT Kf;fpa mijtpl tj;ij> m nfhy;yg;gL ia gytPd kf;fspdJk jiy cz Yk; ,j;ji fs; tfpf ahuhtJ ep
3

uRj; jiytH: H ,uhZt ,yf;F!
pd;> mtupy; ,uhZtj; tspg;gLk;. hd;NlhTk; pNukjhrTk; j nfhz;b-
Hj;jj;jpy; Njrj;jpd; shf;fg;gl rpwPyq;fh- f;fpd;whH. ;Ls;s ekJ papdhYk; hYk; jkJ ;bUf;fpd;w ; mopf;fg;- ; ngauhYk; gauhYk; iwikapd; idf;Fs;-
s;shH. ;tjd;%yk; k; my;yJ ia mil- j tuyhW ;sJ. murp- KbT xU tpl;lJ. fs; %yk; mile;J ;fpd;w xU jd; %yk; ikiaNa ;w KbTf;F
a mHj;jg;- khf ,Ug;- ij ePl;br; td;Kiw fhpf;fpd;w k;. jdpegH y;fs; %yk; ;J tpl Kb- nfhs;tJ f Nehf;fpa s; kPjhd ngWfpd;w nfhs;tJ
mtrpak;. murpay; Nghuhl;lkhdJ MAjg; Nghuhl;l tbtj;jpYk; Kd;ndLf;fg;gLfpd;wNghJ> vk;kf;fspd; kPjhd NghHf;Fw;wq;fSf;F fhuzkhd vjpup Kfhikr; NrHe;j jdpegHfs; kPJ me;je;jf; fzj;jpNyNa ntw;wpfukhf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;w td;Kiw jhf;Fjy;fs; Fwpg;gpl;l mstpy;> Fwpg;gpl;l mHj;jj;jpy; murpay; Nghuhl;lj;jpw;F tYT+l;Lfpd;wd> murpay; ,yf;if mile;J nfhs;t- jpy; ce;jpj; js;Sk; Cf;fpfshf nraw;gLfpd;wd.
,t;thW thjpLtjhdJ> td;- Kiw fyhr;rhuj;ij Mjupg;gjh- fNth> td;Kiwfspd; tpistpy; jw;jpUg;jp nfhs;tjhfNth mHj;- jg;gl khl;lhJ. nfhba Aj;jj;- jpw;Fs; jpzpf;fg;gl;bUg;gtHfs; vd;wtifapy;> td;Kiwf;F vjpuhfTk;> rkhjhdr; #oYf;Fkhd cuj;j Fuy; ekJ Njrj;jpypUe;J- jhd; xypf;fpd;wJ. rkhjhdj;ij cz;- ikahf Nerpg;gtHf- shfTk;> mjd; NeH- ikahd MjuthsH- fshfTk; ekJ kf;- fNs tpsq;Ffpd;- whHfs;.
vdpDk; rpwPyq;fh muR gy Map- uf;fzf;fhd gilap- diu ekJ kz;zpy; Ftpj;Jf; nfhz;L> ekJ kf;fspd; rkhjhdj;jpw;fhd MHtj;ij Kw;whf epuhfhpj;J tUfpd;wJ. Aj;j fUtpfspd; Nfhur; rf;fuq;fspy; ekJ kf;fspd; rkhjhd Md;khit eRf;fp tUfpd;wJ.
,j;jifa epiy ePbf;Fk;tiu> ekJ Njrj;jpd; kPJ rpwPyq;fh gilapd; Mf;fpukpg;G njhlUk;tiu mg;gilfspd; jiytH ,uhZt ,yf;fhf;fg;gLtJ jtpHf;f Kbah- jJ kl;Lky;y> ,uhZt mHj;jj;jpy; mtrpakhdJk; $l. Aj;j #oypy;> xU rhjhuz gilapdH nfhy;yg;- gLtJ vd;gJ ,uhZt uPjpay; vt;t- sT Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ngWfpd;wNjh> mijtpl gyklq;F Kf;fpaj;J- tj;ij> mg;gilfspd; jiytH nfhy;yg;gLtJ ngWfpd;wJ. vjpup- ia gytPdg;gLj;JtjpYk; ekJ kf;fspdJk; NghuhspfspdJk; tpL- jiy czHit typikahf;Ftjp- Yk; ,j;jifa td;Kiw jhf;Fjy;- fs; tfpf;fpd;w ghj;jpuj;ij ahuhtJ epuhfhpf;f KbAkh?
rpwpyq;fh (2Mk; gf;fj; njhlHr;rp...)
gLnfhiy ahTk; rh;tNjr mstpy; mk;gykhfpAs;s epiyapYk; Kg;g- ilfspd; jsgjpAk; muRj;jiytU- khapUf;Fk; ngz; ,J njhlh;ghd tprhuizfis Nkw;nfhs;s Kayh- ky; ,Ue;J tUtJ xU jw;nray; epfo;ty;y. ,it ntspj; njhpate;j Fw;wq;fs;. ,J Nghy; vkJ rNfhj- hpfSf; nfjpuhd mur gilfspd; vj;jid Fw;wq;fs; ntspg;gLj;jg;- glhky; mkpo;e;J Ngha;f;fplf;fpd;- wd. - ghlrhiy khzth;fis mur gilfs; jhd;Njhd;wpj; jdkhf ifJ nra;fpd;wd. khzth;fis ifJ nra;tjpy;iy vDk; mur cWjpnkhopia gilfs; gfpuq;fkh- fNt kPWfpd;wd. - mz;ikapy; njd; jkpoPoj;jpy; ,U ,isQh;fis nfhiyntwpg;gilfs; Rl;Lf; nfhd;- wd. ,jpy; muR nksdkhapUe;J tpl;lJ.- fSj;Jiwr; rpiwr;rhiy gL- nfhiyfs; kw;Wk; njhlh; jhf;Fjy;- fspd; NghJ muRjug;gpy; ve;jj; jiyaPLk; eilngwtpy;iy. - tl jkpoPoj;jpy; “ghijfisj; jpwe;J Nghf;Ftuj;ij rPh;nra;J rptpy;tho;- f;ifia kPsf; fl;baikg;gjw;fhf” Aj;jj;ij Kidg;ghf;Fk; muR njd; jkpoPoj;jpy; gh];Kiwiag; Nghl;L kf;fspd; Nghf;Ftuj;ij jil nra;- fpwJ. ,J muR $Wk; rl;l xOq;- fpw;F Nenujpuhd fhhpakhFk;.- jkpo;f;fpuhkq;fspy; nfhiyntwpg; gilfs; Nkw;nfhz;LtUk; ml;lfh- rq;fSf;F fl;Lg;ghLfNs fpil- ahJ. ,itahTk; “rl;l xOq;ifg; NgZk;muR” vDk; epiyapypUe;J gfpuq;fkhfNt re;jphpfh muR jpl;l tl;lkhf tpyfpr; nry;tijNaf; fhl;LfpwJ. ntspg;gilahfNt ve;- jj; jaf;fKkpd;wp jhd; ,d mopg;G muRjhd; vd;gij jhNd Kd;te;J ntspg;gLj;jj; njhlq;fpapUf;fpwJ. cyfpy; ve;j rl;l xOq;ifAk;> rh;t- Njr tpjpfisAk; ,dp> re;jphpfh muR rl;ilnra;ag; Nghtjpy;iy. vkJ vjphp jdJ Mf;fpukpg;G Ra&- gj;ij ntl;fkpd;wp ntspg;gLj;J- ifapy; ehk; khj;jpuk; Vd; ekJ xd;W jpuz;l vjph;g;ig cr;rgl;rj;jpy; gfpuq;fg;gLj;Jtjw;F jaq;f Ntz;- Lk;? rpwpyq;fh muRf;F jkpoPoj;jpy; ve;j NtiyAkpy;iy vd;gij ehk; xUkpj;j Fuypy; cuj;J Koq;fpL- Nthk;. rpwpyq;fh murpd; rl;l xOq;F NgzYk;> rptpy; eph;thfKk;> ePjpkd;- wq;fSk; jkpoPoj;jpd; ,iwikia njhlh;e;Jk; eRf;Ftjw;Fk; mjd; Mf;fpukpg;ig jf;fitg;gjw;Fk; JizNghFk; fhuzpfs; vd;gijAk; ehk; mk;gyg;gLj;jpLNthk;. vkf;fhd rptpy; tho;f;ifiaAk;> rl;l xOq;- ifAk; Rje;jpu jkpoPoj;jpy; kpfr; rpwg;ghf vk;khy; nfhz;Lelj;j Kb- Ak; vd;gijAk; cyFf;F ep&gpg;- Nghk;.
jkpoPok; - khrp 2000

Page 4
e
kf;F Kd;Nd fbdkhd fhyfl;lk; xd;W njd;gLfpd;wJ. ekJ ePz;l tuyhw;wpy; kpf fLik- ahdJk; Nfhioj;jdkpf;fJkhd mlf;FKiwia vjpHnfhs;s Ntz; ba Xu; fl;lj;jpd; tpspk;gpy; ehk; epw;fpNwhk;. ,d;W rpwPyq;fh muR ek;kPJ gfpuq;f NghH gpufldk; nra;- jpUf;fpd;wJ. tpjptpyf;fpd;wp ekJ kf;fs; midtiuAk; jdJ vjpup- ahf mJ mwptpj;J tpl;lJ. kdpj Kfk;> Idehaf kuG Nghd;w Nghyp Ntlq;fis fise;J tpl;L> gr;ir- ahd Ngupdthj Njhw;wj;Jld; mJ nraw;gl Muk;gpj;J tpl;lJ.
rpq;fs Njrj;jpw;Fs;Sk; rpwPy- q;fh murpd; eltbf;iffspYk; Vw;- gl;Ls;s khw;wq;fs; Fwpj;J ehk; ft- dkhf kjpg;gpl Ntz;Lk;. nghUsh- jhu kw;Wk; rHtNjr mOj;jq;- fisAk; kPwp> rpwPyq;fh muR ek;kP- jhd Aj;jj;ij jPtpukhf Kd;nd- Lf;f jahuhfp tpl;lJ vd;w vjhH- j;jj;ij vr;rhpf;ifAld; mZf Ntz;Lk;. ,Jtiu fhykhf mJ gpd;gw;wp te;j ,UKfj;jd;ik nfhz;l ,dthj> Aj;j mZF- KiwfspypUe;J gfpuq;fkhd ghrpr nraw;ghLfis Nehf;fp efHe;Js;- sJ vd;w cz;ikia Ghpe;J nfhs;- tJ ekJ jw;fhg;gpw;Fk; tpLj- iyf;Fk; mtrpakhdJ.
rpwPyq;fh murpd; ,dthjg; gz;G vd;gJ> mjDld; jw;nrayhf ,izf;fg;gl;l xU mk;rk; my;y. khwhf> ,dthjk; vd;gJ rpwPyq;fh murpd; gpwg;gpypUe;Nj mjDld; fye;J tpl;lJ. ,d;Dk; Jy;ypakhf ghprPypg;Nghkhapd;> rpq;fs Njrj;jpd; fUg;igf;Fs; cUthFk;NghNj> rpwPyq;fh muR ,dthj ftrj;jhy; NghHj;jg;gl;bUe;jJ vd;gijAk; rpq;fsNjrj;Jld; mJ ,dthj njhg;Gs; nfhbapd; %yNk gpizf;- fg;gl;bUe;jJ vd;gijAk; Gupe;J nfhs;s KbAk;.
20k; Ehw;whz;bd; njhlf;fj;- jpy;> rpq;fs kf;fs; ,dthj rpj;- jhe;jj;jpDhlhfNt xU Njrkhf xd;wpizf;fg;gl;lhHfs;. ,yq;if K];yPk;fisAk; kiyaf jkpoH- fisAk;  mtHfspd; Mjpf;- fj;jpypUe;J jk;ik ghJfhf;f Ntz;Lk;vd;W mr;r%l;lg;gltHf- shfNt rpq;fskf;fs; xNu Njrkhf ,izf;fg;gl;lhHfs;. ,t;thW ,d- thj uj;jKk; clYk; nfhz;l rpq;- fsNjrj;jpypUe;J cUthd rpwP- yq;fh muR> mjd; gpwg;gpypUe;Nj ,dthjg; gz;Gis kughfg; ngw;Wf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. ,e;j ,dthjf; Foe;ijjhd; ,d;W Mf;fpukpg;Gg; gz;Gk; Aj;jntwpAk; nfhz;l muf;- fdhf tsHr;rpaile;Js;sJ.
rpwPyq;fh muir> rpq;fsNjrj;- jpd; ,dthjf; Foe;ijahf Gupe;J
4
iwa nfhz;lhy; kl;LNk> ,e;ehl;bYs;s
mef Vida r%fq;fis mlf;FtjpYk;
,d;iwa rk Mf;fpukpg;gjpYk; rpq;fsNjrj;jpw;-
Uj;Jf;fs; Fk; rpwPyq;fh muRf;Fk; ,ilNa epy-
jg;gl;L tU Tfpd;w ,irit Gupe;J nfhs;s
jphpf;fg;gl KbAk;> rpwPyq;fh muRld; njhlH-
GidTfSk Gila rfy epWtdq;fSk; rfy
ghd Kw;wpY murpay; fl;rpfSk; ,dthj rfjpf;-
rpq;fs kf Fs; Njha;e;jpUg;gij tpsf;f Kb-
tpl;ld. INu Ak;. rpq;fsNjrj;jpw;Fk; rpwPyq;fh
,e;j ehl;by muRf;Fk; ,ilNa epyTfpd;w ,j;-
fSk; ,Ue jifa ,dthj cwTjhd;> rpq;fs
ikia> rpq Njrj;jpd; kj;jpapy; ,dthj czH-
aHfs; $l Tfs; typik ngWfpd;wNghJ> mJ
,e;j gbkk rpwPyq;fh murpy; mg;gl;lkhf gpujpg-
jpe;J tpl;l ypg;gjw;Fk;> kWjiyahf> rpwPyq;fh muR Kd;ndLf;fpd;w mj;jid ,dthj mlf;FKiwfisAk; rpq;f- sNjrk; jaf;fkpd;wp Mjupg;gjw;Fk;
,t;tpj gifikAk NrHe;J> ,q mopf;fg;gl
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jkpopd mopg;G :
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kl;L k;eilngw;W te;j Rj;j pfupg;G muR jug;G jpl;lkpl;L Klf;fp itj;-
eltbf;iffs; rpwpyq;fhtpd; xt;- Js;sJ. ,jd; %yk;
nthU %iy KLf;fpYk; jkpoH Ntl;- ,uhZtj;jpd;
ilahf khw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ. jkpoPoj;- nfhiyntwpia
jpYs;s xt;nthU efuKk; JUtpj; muR Cf;fg;gLj;-
Njlg;gLfpd;wd. tPl;Lf;F tPL gjpT Jfpd;wJ. aho;gh-
ml;ilfSk;> ,uhZt Msilahs zj;jpy; khztH-
ml;ilfSk; jpzpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. fs; ifJ kPsTk;
tl jkpoPoj;jpypUe;J rpwpyq;fh- Muk;gpf;fg;gl;Ls;-
tpw;F tUjw;F mKyhf;fg;gl;L te;j sJ. tpl;Lf;nfh-
fLikahd gh]; eilKiwfs; jw;- lhj khztHfspd;
NghJ njd;jkpoPoj;jpw;Fk; tpupthf;- xUkpj;j Nghuhl;-
fg;gl;Ls;sd. KOmstpy; jkpo;
Yk; Kfhk;- ; rpwpyq;fh ;Lj;jhf;F- f;fhf;fg;g- a; ngWkjp- k; gPuq;fpf- flw;fiu
Njrj;ij $l;lhf jz;bg;gjw;fhd Kd;Ndhb eltbf;iffs; ,it- ahFk;.
midj;J topKiwfspYk; ekJ kf;fspd; Fuy;tisfis newpj;J tpLk;gb muR jdJ td;Kiw ae;jp- uq;fSf;F Miz gpwg;gpj;Jtpl;lJ.
f;fisAk; fisAk;
lq;fs; ,uhZtj;- jpd; mlhtbj;jdq;fis kl;Lg;gLj;- jpAs;s NghjpYk;> ,jpy; ehk; mrl;- ilahf ,Ue;J tplf;$lhJ. tpLj- iyg;Nghuhl;lj;jpy; kf;fspd; Neub gq;Fgw;Wjy; ,y;iy vd fhl;Lt- jw;fhf ,g;gbg;gl;l> khztHfs; kw;- Wk; ntFrdg;Nghuhl;lq;fs; eil- ngwtplhky; muR KisapNyNa
(njhlHr;r p 7Mk;gf;f k;)
aq;fshf kfpd;w d. Nghuhl;l > czHr;- . Kw;wpYk; H vjpuhf kpUf;fpd;w pujpepjpf- gr;RthHj;- pd;w xOq;- Kd;itf;- Wfpd;wd. g;gLf;pd;w prPypf;Fk;- huhLfpd;w pay;Nehf;- j epWt
q;fpAs;s jrpa tpL- sT Jhuk; te;jpUf;- j Mf;fpu- gr;rthHj;- ;jidAk; tf;fg;gL- tUfpd;- hjpfSk; wapdUk; f epge;j- - Fwpg;ghf
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Kjypy;> murpay; Ngr;RthHj;ijf;- fhd Kd;epge;jidfshf jkpo;j;jug;ig Nehf;fp - Fwpg;ghf tpLjiyg; Gypfis Nehf;fp - rpwPyq;fh muR njhlHr;rpahf 67890121234567890123456789012345678901212345
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tpLjiy Gypfs; mikg;gpdhy; Kd;- itf;fg;gLfpd;w epge;jidfis- jt- whd mZFKiwfshf mHj;jg;gLj;jp tUfpd;w hHfs;. fle;j tUl khtPuH jpd ciuapy; tpLjiy Gypfs; mikg;gpd; jiytupdhy; Kd;itf;fg;gl;l epge;- jidfs;> td;dpg; Nghh;Kidapy; mt;tp- af;fj;jpw;F fpilj;Js;s ntw;wpg; ngU- kpjj;jpd; tpisT vd;W ,tHfs; thjp- Lfpd;wdH.
epge;jidfs; Kd;itf;ff; $lhJ vd;W nrhy;tNj xU epgw;jidjhd; vd;gij Kjypy; Ghpe;J nfhs;Nthk;. Ngr;RthHj;ij vd;gNj> mjpy; gq;F- nfhs;f pd;w jug;G fspdhy;Kd;i tf;f g;- gLfpd;w epge;jidfSf;fpilapyhd Clhl;lNk vd;wpUf;Fk;NghJ> Ngr;RthH- j;ij njhlq;F Kd;Ng> epge;jid tpjpf;- ff; $lhJ vd;W epge;jid tpjpg;gJ Ngr;RthHj;i j vd;w nrad;K iwiaNa kWg;gjhf mike;J tplf; $baJ.
Nghuhl;lj;jpy;  Nghuhl;lj;- jp;d; murpay; ,yf;FfSf;Fk; Kd;itf;- fg;gLfpd;w epge;jidfSf;Fkpilapy; epyTfpd;w Neub cwit Ghpe;J nfhs;- tNj rhpahd mZFKiwahf ,Uf;F k;
Kd;itj;J tUfpd;w ,uz;L epge;j- idfspy; ftdj;ij Ftpg;Nghk;: xd;W> MAjg; Nghuhl;lj;ijf; iftpl Ntz;- Lk;. ,uz;L> gpuptpid Nfhhpf;ifia if tpl Ntz;Lk;. vkJ tpLjiy Nghuhl;l- khdJ> MAjg; Nghuhl;l tbtj;ij ngw;w fzj;jpypUe;J> ,t;tpU epge;j- idfSk;rpq;f s murpay;jiytHfsp- dhYk;> rpwPyq;fh muRj; jiytHfsp- dhYk; Kd;itf;fg;gl;L te;jpUf;fpd;wd vd;gij ehk; vt;thW Gupe;J nfhs;sg; Nghfpd;Nwhk;? ,e;epge;jidfspd; gpd;- dhYs;s murpay;mk;r k;vd;d ?
jkpoPoj;ij Mf;fpukpj;J jdJ Kg;gilfspdJk; Ntl;ilf;fskhf mij khw;w pAs;s rpwPy q;f h muR> ekJ kf;fspd; gpujhd jw;fhg;Gf; ftrkhfTk; ekJ kf;fspd; tpLjiyf;Fhpa Kjd;- ikahd topKiwahfTk; jpfo;fpd;w MAjg;Nghuhl;lj;i j iftpl Ntz;Lk; vd;W epge;jid tpjpg;gJ vd;gJ> ekJ kf;fs; kPjhd Mf;fpukpg;igAk; ,d mopg;igAk; njhlHr;rpahf epiyehl;L- tij jtpu NtW vd;d murpay; Nehf;- fj;ij ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;wJ? ekJ kf;f is> kz;i z> tsq;f is Mf;f pu- kpj;Js;s rpwPyq;fh muR> Ngr;RthHj;- ijf;F Kd;epge;jidahf ekJ kf;f- spd; MAjg; Nghuhl;lj;ij iftpl Ntz;Lk; vd;W NfhUtjd; gpd;dhy; gbe;J s;s mlf;F Kiw kNdhghtj;i j> (njhlHr;r p 6Mk;gf;f k;)
jkpoPok; - khrp 2000

Page 6
jkpopd mopg;G...
(5Mk; gf;fj; njhlHr;rp...)
zq;fSf;f rig vd;w t tpf;F mg;ghy;> ekJ kf;fs; kPjhd
tpl;lhH. ,t Mjpf;fj;ij njhlHe;Jk; NgZt-
tUfpd;w x jw;fhd filrp Kaw;rpapy; ,t;tpU
xj;j nfh^ fl;rpfSk; Xuzpapy; nraw;gl Kd;-
iwf;fz; te;jpUf;fpd;wd vd;gNj ekJ mf;f-
Njrj;ij iwf;FupaJ. murpay;rhrd jpUj;jk;
ntspg;gil vd;w ngahpy;> ekJ Njrpa me;j];j;-
,Jtiu j ijAk; Njrpa cupikfisAk; Kw;-
jhgpkhd> [ whf kWf;fp;d;w xU jPHtpD}lhf>
fise;J t rpq;fs murhdJ rHtNjr gpw;Ngh-
wj;ij> Aj f;F rf;jpfspd; MjuTlDk; rpq;fs
ahf;fpapUf kf;fspd; g+uz gq;Fgw;WjYlDk; ek;kPjhd Mf;fukpg;G Aj;jj;ij Gjpa tbtpy;> jPtpukhf Kd;ndLg;g- jw;fhd #oy; ,g;NghJ Vw;gl;bUf;- fpd;wJ.
fle;j jpw;fhd Aj Njrk;> xNu kw;Wk; elt khdJ rpq;f Aj;jntwpapd; cr;rj;jpy; re;jpupfh muR
Kfkhd| K NjHjy; ntw;wpf;F Kd;Ng re;jp-
Lj;jg;gl;lJ hpfh muR Aj;jj;jpw;fhd gl;nIl;il
,uhZtk;| jahhpj;J tpl;lJ. ehl;bd; nkhj;j
Aj;jk; Neu tUkhdj;jpy; 20tPjj;ij ghJfhg;-
Sld; ,iz gpw;fhf xJf;fp> etPd NghHj; jsgh-
Nfh\k; vt lq;fSld; Aj;jj;ij caHe;j kl;-
fpd;wJ vd lj;jpy; elj;Jtjw;fhf mJ Vw;f-
fs kf;fs; dNt jpl;lkpl;L tpl;lJ. ,g;NghJ
jhf;fNk K td;dpj; Njhy;tpf;Fk; jd;kPjhd
jk;Kilaj ntbFz;L jhf;FjYf;Fk; gpd;dH>
kf;fs; Ms re;jphpfh Aj;jj;jij jdJ Neubf;
epr;rakhd fl;Lg;ghl;bd; fPo;> jd; nrhe;jf; fuq;-
ngWfpd;wJ fspd; fPo; nfhz;L te;jpUf;fpd;whH.
jw;Fupa kd ,jd; Kjy; eltbf;ifahf> ,uh-
Tk; kf;fs Zt fl;likg;gpy; jPtpu khw;wq;-
fpilg;gJ c fisAk; fisnaLg;GfisAk; nra;-
,J kWGwj jpUf;fpd;whH. jdJ Aj;j Kd;nd-
apy; Aj;jj Lg;GfspYs;s ghjfkhd mk;rq;-
nfhz;ltH fis Rl;bf; fhl;b te;j mjpfh-
ghLfisA upfis rpq;fs Njrj;jpd; JNuhfpfs;
js;sp tpL vd Kj;jpiu Fj;jpaJld; gjtp ePf;-
Mf;fpukpg;G fKk; nra;Js;shH. ,Jtiu fhyKk;
gz;ig ngW Aj;jj;ij XusTf;F jdJ Kbtpd;-
Nehf;fpa gb Kd;ndLj;J te;j mDUj;jtpd;
fukhd ef mjpfhuj;ij kl;Lg;gLj;jp tpl;lhH.
milahsk epge;jidfspd; murpay;...
(5Mk; gf;fj; njhlHr;rp...)
fg;gl;Ls;s mtHfs; m Mf;fpukpg;G ntwpia ehk; milahsk;
Yk; Gije;jpUf;fp;w Mjpf;fj; jpkpiu fhzj; jtWtJ> vkJ tpLjiyf;fhd
vk;k hy;czu Kbfpd;w jh? kpfg; ngUk; jilahf khwptpLk; vd;gij
,j;jifa gpd;Gyj;jpy;> Mf;fpukp- Gupe;J nfhs;Nthk;. ,j;jifa Mf;fpu-
f;fg;gl;Ls;s xU Njrk; vd;wtifapYk; kpg;G ntwpjhd;> “NghH vd;why; NghH”>
jdJ tpLjiyf;fhf tPuQ;nrwpe;j “rkhjhdj;jpw;fhd Aj;jk;” vd;w Nfh\-
Nghuhl;lj;ij Kd;ndLj;jpUf;fpd;w xU q;fspd; fPo; rpwpyq;fh muR vkJ kf;fs;
Njrk; vd;wtifapYk; ehk; Kd; itf;- kPJ Nfhu Aj;jj;ij njhlHtjw;fhd
ff; $ba epge;jidfs; Fwpj;J ehk; mbg;gilahf cs;sJ.
njspthfTk;gpuf;i Qg+HtkhfTk;,Ug;- “gphptpidf; Nfhhpf;ifia iftpl
gJ mtrpak;. ,j;jifa epge;jidfs; Ntz;L k;” vd;W rpwPyq;f h muRk;rpq;f s
mtrpakhdit kl;Lky;y> mit ePjpah- murpay; jiytHfSk; epge;jid tpjpg;-
ditAk; $l vd;gij ehk; Gupe;J gjd; gpd;dhYs;s Mjpf;f czHit
nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. vk;khy; Jy;ypakhf milahsk; fhz
rpwPyq;fh muRldhd Ngr;RthHj;- Kbfpd;wjh? xU jdpahd Njrk; vd;w
ijf;F Kd;epge;jidahf> rpq;fs tifapy;> ekf;Fs;s RaepHza cupik-
gilfis Kfhkpw;Fs; ,Uf;Fk;gbAk; ia kWg;gjpy; rpq;fs murpay;thjpfs;
ekJ kf;f s;kPj hd nghUshjhuj;jil- kj;jpapy; epyTfpd;w tpag;G+l;Lk; tif-
fis mfw;Wk;gbAk; jkpoPoj;jpy; ,ay;G apyhd xw;WikiaAk; %Hf;fj;jdj;-
epiyia cUthf;Fk;gbAk; NfhUtJ ijAk; vk;khy; Gupe;J nfhs;s Kbfpd;-
vt;tpjj;jpYk; ntw;wpg; ngUkpjj;jpd; wjh? “ ,it ekJ jUNtd;” vd;w gpNukjhrtpd;$w;w pYk;>
kf;fspDila murpay; Nfhhpf;ifspd; td;d papy;re;j pj;J s;s ghupa Njhy;t pf;-
jpul;lg;gl;l rhuNk. rpwPyq;fh gilfspd; Fg; gpd;Dk; “Ngr;RthHj;ijf;F Kd;epge;-
jhf;F jy;f spdhy;ekJ kf;f Sk;tsq;- jidahf gphptpid Nfhhpf;ifia if
fSk; ehshe;jk; mopTf;Fl;gl;L tUfp- tpl Ntz;L k;” vd;W re;j phpfh NfhUtjp-
d;w epiyapy;> ekJ kf;fs; kPJ jpzpf;-
f;Fk; Msh ,j;jifa ikg;gJ e ,yf;Ffsp Nt> Ngr;Rt idfshf ekJ kf;f s iffis t cz;i njhlHghf iQAlDk jy; jPtpukh kf;fspd; m ypakhf rh FtJ kl;L ,e;epge;ji tplhjpUg;g Kiwfspy mikfpd;w Njrj;jpd Nfh> vkJ ahf nfhL mikg;Gf;F ehk;cuj;J
murpa ekJ kf;f
6
,t;thW> Kw;wpYk; jdJ Neub fl;- Lg;ghl;bd; fPo;> jdJ nrhe;j Kbtp- d;gb Aj;jj;jij elj;Jtjw;fhd epWtd xOq;Ffis re;jphpfh nra;J Kbj;J tpl;lhH.
kWGwk;> re;jphpfh jhd; nghWg;- ngLj;Js;s Mf;fpukpg;G Aj;jj;ij jd;dpiyg;gLj;JtjpYk; ntw;wp ngw;Ws;shH. jhd; |gaq;futhjj;- jpd;| Neubj; jhf;FjYf;Fs;shf;- fg;gl;ltH vd kf;fsplk; mDjh- gj;ij Vw;gLj;jp> mij Aj;jj;jpw;F Mjuthf ikag;gLj;Jtjpy; mtH vspjhf ntw;wp ngw;wpUf;fpd;whH. jdf;Nfw;gl;Ls;s Cdj;ij> jkpo; kf;fs; kPJ jhd; Nkw;nfhz;L tUfp- d;w> Nkw;nfhs;stpUf;fpd;w nfhba ,d mopg;Gf;fhd epahag;gLj;jyhf khw;Wtjpy; mtH czHr;rpG+Htkhd ntw;wpia ngw;wpUf;fpd;whH. kuz- j;ij neUq;fpajhy; Vw;gl;l MNtr mr;rk; mtUs; epuk;gpf; fplf;fpd;wJ> gopthq;Fk; czHr;rpapdhy; mtH ce;jpj; js;sg;gl;bUf;fpd;whH. KOj; jkpo; kf;fisAk; jdf;F vjphpahf epWj;jpapUg;gjd; %yKk; mtHfis fLikahf vr;rhpj;jpUg;gjd; %y- Kk; jd;Ds; fdd;Ws;s gopthq;Fk; czHr;rpia mtH njspthf ntspg;- gLj;jpAs;shH. Gj;jpf; $Hikkpf;f rpq;fs kf;fs; jdf;F thf;fspj;- jpUg;gjhf njhptpj;jpUg;gjd; %yk; jhd; ahUf;fhf nraw;gl Nghfpd;- Nwd; vd;gij Jy;ypakhf rkpf;- iQg;gLj;jpapUf;fpd;whH. ,Jtiu eilngw;w rpq;fs muRj; jiytUf;- fhd NjHjypy; rpq;fs kf;fspd; thf;Ffspd; gyj;jpy; kl;LNk njupT- nra;ag;gl;bUg;gtH vd;gij re;jp- upfh Jy;ypakhf gpujpgypj;JtU- fpd;whH. NjHjy; Neuj;jpy; jhd; thf;- FWjp toq;fpa tl fpof;F khfh-

zq;fSf;fhd ,ilf;fhy epHthf rig vd;w tplaj;ij xJf;fpj; js;sp tpl;lhH. ,t;thW ke;jpuf; fijfspy; tUfpd;w xw;iwf;fz; muf;fid xj;j nfh^uj;Jld;> ,e;j etPd xw;- iwf;fz; Aj;j muf;fp jkpo;j;- Njrj;ij mopj;njhopg;;gnjd;W ntspg;gilahfNt Gwg;gl;L tpl;lhH. ,Jtiu jhd; NghHj;jpapUe;j kdp- jhgpkhd> [dehaf Kf%bfisf; fise;J tpl;L jdJ ,dthj Njhw;- wj;ij> Aj;j Kfj;ij ntspg;gil- ahf;fpapUf;fpd;whH.
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,t;thW ek;kPjhd Mf;fpukpg;ig
Neub fl;- e;j Kbtp- tjw;fhd re;jphpfh
njhlHtjpy; KOr; rpq;fsNjrKk; rpq;fs muRk; xd;Wgl;bUg;gijAk; mit ghrpr ghijapy; mbnaLj;J itj;jpUg;gijAk; ehk; kpFe;j vr;r- hpf;ifAld; vjpH nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ek;ik Mf;fpukpg;gjpy;> mopj;njh- d; nghWg;-
opg;gjpy; rpq;fs Njrj;jpw;Fs; ntF- Aj;jj;ij
[d uPjpapYk; murpay; uPjpapYk; Vw;- k; ntw;wp
gl;bUf;fpd;w If;fpak; vkJ murpay; ;futhjj;-
czHit J}z;l Ntz;Lk;> ekJ ;Fs;shf;-
tpLjiy Nehf;fp ek;ik NkYk; cW- k; mDjh-
jpahf mzpjpul;l Ntz;Lk;> If;fp- j;jj;jpw;F
ag;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. rpq;fs Njrj;- jpy; mtH
jpw;Fs; ,lk;ngw;W tUfpd;w ghrpr f;fpd;whH.
Nghf;F Fwpj;j guprPyid> mjw;F ;ij> jkpo;
vjpuhd ekJ czHitAk; If;fpaj;- z;L tUfp-
ijAk; Nghuhl;lj;ijAk; NkYk; tY- ;w nfhba
g;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;> ekJ tpLjiia ;gLj;jyhf
jpl;lkpl;l uPjpapy; tpiutpy; mile;J ;rpG+Htkhd
nfhs;s Ntz;bajd; mtrpaj;ij ;whH. kuz-
ekf;F czHj;j Ntz;Lk;. l;l MNtr lf;fpd;wJ> hy; mtH ;whH. KOj; vjphpahf ; mtHfis ;gjd; %y- opthq;Fk; hf ntspg;- Hikkpf;f hf;fspj;- ;gjd; %yk; l Nghfpd;- hf rkpf;- . ,Jtiu jiytUf;- kf;fspd; Nk njupT- ij re;jp- ypj;JtU- ; jhd; thf;- f;F khfh-
ehk; xU cz;ikapy; njspthf ,Ug;Nghk;: ekJ tpLjiyg; Nghuhl;- lj;jpd; ,Wjpf; fl;lj;ij ehk; mil- e;jpUf;fpNwhk;. rpq;fs NjrKk; rpq;- fs muRk; Kl;lhs;jdkhd Mf;fp- ukpg;G ntwpAld; ek;kPJ Aj;jg; gpuf- ldk; nra;jpUf;fpd;wd. ,ij vjpH- j;J ehk; milfpd;w ntw;wp> ekJ tpLjiyia cynfq;F k;Kuriw- Ak;. ,e;j ntw;wp ekJ Rje;jpuj;ij Xq;fp xypf;Fk;. ,j;jifa tuyhw;W jpUg;Gkpf;f fl;lj;jpy;> ekJ ,Wjp ntw;wpf;fhd topKiwfis fhz;g- Jk; ehk; xNuNjrkhf jpuz;nl- OtJk; mtrpakhfpd;wd. rpq;fs gilfSf;F vjpuhd MAjg; Nghuh- l;lj;Jld;> jkpoPoj;jpYk; Gyk;ng- aHe;Jk; tho;fpd;w ekJ kf;fspd; ntF[d Nghuhl;lq;fSk; ekJ tpL- jiyf;F mtrpak; vd;gij Gupe;J nfhs;Nthk;.
j; jpkpiu
Mf;fpukp- ifapYk; ;nrwpe;j ;fpd;w xU d; itf;- pj;J ehk; fTk;,Ug;- ;jidfs; t ePjpah- k; Gupe;J
r;RthHj;- > rpq;fs ;Fk;gbAk; huj;jil- ;jpy; ,ay;G NfhUtJ kpjj;jpd; it ekJ pf;ifspd; gilfspd; Sk;tsq;- l;L tUfp- PJ jpzpf;-
fg;gl;Ls;s nghUshjhu jilfspdhy; mtHfs; md;whlk; tWikf;Fk; Neha;- f;Fk; Mshf;fg;gl;L tUfpd;w epiyapy;> ,j;jifa JaHkpf;f #oiy khw;wpa- ikg;gJ ekJ Nghuhl;lj;jpd; gpujhd ,yf;Ffspy; xd;whf ,Uf;fpd;wJ. vd- Nt> Ngr;RthHj;ijf;fhd Kd;epge;j- idfshf ,tw;iw Kd;itg;gJ vd;gJ> ekJ kf;f spd;cldb murpay;Nfhupf;- iffis typAWj;JtjhfNt mikAk;. cz;ikapy; ekJ epge;jidfs; njhlHghf ehk; ,d;dKk; $Ljy; gpuf;- iQAlDk;> $Ljy; njspthfTk; $L- jy; jPtpukhfTk; ,Ug;gJ mtrpak;. ekJ kf;fspd; murpay; vjpHghHg;Gfis Jy;- ypakhf rhug;gLj;jp epge;jidfshf;- FtJ kl;Lky;y> vj;jifa #oypYk; ,e;epge;jidfspy; ve;j xd;iwAk; if tplhjpUg;gJk; mtrpak;. Nghuhl;l top- Kiwfspy; xd;whf - xd;whf kl;LNk- mikfpd;w Ngr;RthHj;ijf;fhf> vkJ Njrj;jpd; chpikfis iftpLtjw;- Nfh> vkJ kf;fspd; eyd;fis tpiy- ahf nfhLg;gjw;Nfh ve;j murpay; mikg;Gf;Fk; chpik ,y;iy vd;gij ehk;cuj;J r;nrhy;y Ntz;L k;.
murpay; Ngr;RthHj;ijfs; %yk;> ekJ kf;fspd; chpikfs; kPz;Lk; hlHr;rp...)
epiyehl;lg;gLtjpy; rpwPyq;fh muR xUNghJk; NeHikAld; nraw;gl;- ljp;y;iy vd;gij epidTgLj;JNthk;. fle;j fhyq;fspy; Ngr;RthHj;ijf;- fhd #oy; Vw;gl;l Nghnjy;yhk;> mij Fog;GtjpNyNa mJ KOf; ftdj;ij- Ak; nfhz;bUe;jJ. murpay; Ngr;RthH- j;i j vd;w topKiwia> rHtNjr muq;- fpy; jdf;fhd Mjuit mjpfhpg;gjw;- fhd gfilf;fhahfNt rpwPyq;fh muR gad;gLj;jp te;jpUf;fpd;wJ.
,e;j cz;ikia ehk; Gupe;J nfhs;Nthkhapd;> rpwPyq;fh muRldhd murpay; Ngr;RthHj;ijfspd;NghJ> ekJ epge;j idfs;njhlHghf vt;t sT cWjpahf ehk; nraw;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ Gyg;gLk;. ekJ gj;jp[PtpfSk; ruzhfjp murpay;t hjpfSk;thjpLtJ Nghd;W> epge;jidfis Kd;itg;gJ vd;g J Ngr;R thHj;i jf;f hd fjTfis milj;J tpLfpd;w jtwhd mZFK- iwNah my;yJ ntw;wpg; ngUkpjj;jpd; tpisNth my;y vd;gJk; njspthFk;. ruzhfjp rpe;j idg;Nghf;f hdJ;jdJ kf;fspd; gyj;ij Gupe;J nfhs;s khl;- lhJ vd;gJ kl;Lky;y> vjpupapd; gytPdk; $l mjw;F gpukhz;lkhd> gaq;fukhd mr;rj;ij Cl;Lk;.
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Page 7
re;jphpfhtpd;.... (1Mk; gf;fj; njhlHr;rp...) nfhz;L tUtjw;fhd murpay; jPHtpid fhz;gjw;fhf murhq;fk; Nkw;nfhs;Sk; Kaw;rpfis vjpHf;- fpd;wd”
fle;j %d;W tUlq;fshf tpL- jiyg; Gypfs; Aj;jepWj;jk;> %d;- whtJ jug;gpd; kj;jpa];j;Jld; murpay; Ngr;RthHj;ij> nfsut- khd jPHT gw;wp gy jlit miog;G tpLj;Js;s NghjpYk;> Aj;jj;ij NkYk; NkYk; tpupTgLj;jp te;j re;jpupfh> Gypfis mopg;gjpd; Clhf ekJ Njrj;jpd; tpLjiyg; Nghuhl;lj;ijAk; mopj;njhopj;J rpq;fs ,dthj tuyhw;wpy; rhjid gilf;Fk; fdtpy; ,Ue;jtH vd;gJ cyfwpe;j Nj. jtpu> udpy;murpay; jPHtpw;F muRld; xj;Jiof;f jahH vd;w miog;gpw;F xU thHj;ijAk; gjpy; gfuhJ ,Ue;Jtpl;L> jpBnud ,t;thW fUj;J ntspapLtJ gyU- f;Fk; eifr;Ritahf cs;sJ. cz;ikapy; eiff;f itf;Fk; ,t- uJ mZFKiwapd; ,yf;fhdJ kpfTk; Jy;ypakhfj; jpl;lkplg;gl;l murpay; eatQ;rfkhf cs;sJ. xU Gwk; ,t;thW miog;G tpLj;Jf;- nfhz;L. kWGwk; jhd; miog;G tpL- j;jtHfSf;F Mj;jpu%l;b> kPsTk; Aj;jjpw;fhd tha;g;Gfis tYg;- gLj;JtJ ,tuJ toikahd top- KiwahFk; vd;gJk; ehkwpe;jNj.
“Vw;Wf;nfhs;sf;$ba xU jPHtpid fhz murhq;fj;Jld; ifNfhHf;FkhW tpLjiyGypf- Sf;F miog;G tpLf;fpd;Nwd;”
Vw;Wf;nfhs;sf;$ba jPHntd;- gJ vJ? ahUf;F Vw;GilaJ? mlf;- FKiwahsHfSf;Fk; mtHfs;
FUjpf; fiw... (5Mk; gf;fj; njhlHr;rp...) kf;fspd; midj;J tho;Tj;Njit- fisAk; Klf;FtNj ,jd; Nehf;fk;. kUj;Jt> epHthf> czT kw;Wk; gz- r;Rw;Nwhl;lk;> njhz;lH epWtdq;- fspd; kdpjTupik nraw;ghLfs; Nghd;w midj;Jk; ,jdhy; Klf;fg;- glTs;sd. tpLjiyg;Gypfs; trk; cs;s td;dpg;gFjp kl;Lky;y> jkpoP- oj;jpd; xt;nthU %iyiaAk; Aj;- jf;fskhf;fTk;> kf;fis nfhd;W Ftpf;fTk; gl;bzp NghlTk; xj;jp- iffs; eilngWfpd;wd.
ek;kPjhd mopj;njhopg;G Aj;j- j;ij ,d;Dk; tpupthd mstpw;F Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F Vw;fdNt re;jpupfh muR nfhs;iffis tFj;Jtpl;l- njd;gJ njspthfNt ep&gzkhfp tpl;lJ. tuT nryT jpl;l epjp xJf;- fPl;bd; NghNj ,jw;fhd KbTfs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;L tpl;lJ vd;gij Rl;bf; fhl;bapUe;Njhk;. ,e;j Gjpa NghH nfhs;ifia cf;fpuj;Jld; eilKiwg;gLJtjw;fhd Kd;nd-
7
gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jk; rpq;fs kf;f- Sf;Fk; Vw;Gila jPHth? my;yJ mlf;fg;gl;L tUk; kf;fSf;fhdjh? ,Jtiu vj;jid tha;g;Gfs; ,e;j rpq;fs jiyikf;F jug;gl;Ls;sJ? ,jw;F NkYk; ,e;j ,dntwpaHfs; mtfhrk; NfhUtJk; rkhjhd ehl- fkhLtJk;> jkpoPo tpLjiyg;Ngh- uhl;lj;ij eRf;fptpl VNjDk; xU tha;g;G fpilf;fhjh vd;w vjpHghH- g;Gld; vd;gJ ekJ murpaypy; ,d;W mupr;Rtb ghlkhFk;.
jk;Kld; ifNfhHf;FkhW $Wk; ,tH> kWfzk;> MAjq;fis Jwf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;ghh;. jkpoPo Nfhupf;- ifia iftpl Ntz;Lk; vd;ghH. mopj;njhopf;fg;gl Ntz;ba nfhLu rf;jp tpLjiyg; Gypfs; vd;ghH. jkpo; kf;fs; Gypfis vjpHf;f Ntz;Lk; epuhfupf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;ghH. ntsp- ehLfs; Gypfis jilnra;a Ntz;- Lk; vd miw$ty; tpLthH. ,jd; %yk; ,tuJ cz;ikahd Rak; ntspg;gl;L epw;Fk;.
“tlf;Ffpof;F khfhzk; cl;gl 8 gpuhe;jparigfSf;Fk; $ba mjp- fhuk; toq;FNtd;”
“rpWghd;ikg; gpur;rpidf;F” ,tuplk; cs;s jPHT ,Jjhd;. ,d;d- Kk; jkpo; kf;fspd; Njrpa tpLjiyg; Nghuhl;lk; vd;gJ> ,tUf;F xU “rpWghd;ikg; gpur;rpid” vd;gNjhL rpwpyq;fhtpy; cs;s Vida VO khfhzq;fspdJk; epHthfg;gpur;r- idAld; rk;ge;jg;gl;lnjhopa Ntnwhd;Wk; ,y;iy. rpq;fs kf;fNs Ntz;lhk; vd;W nrhy;Yk; xd;iw vk;kPjhd 50 tUl mlf;FKiwf;F jPHT vd;fpwhH re;jpupfh. 1994k;
Lg;Gfs; kPsTk; njhlq;fptpl;ld. vdNt ,jd; tpisTfis Kd;nd- r;rupf;ifahfNt murpay; uPjpapYk;> ngsjpf uPjpapYk;; vjpHnfhs;s ehk; epHge;jpf;fg;gl;Ls;Nshk; vd;gJ njspT.
,t;thwhd NghHj;jpl;lq;fSk; mopj;njhopg;gpw;fhd Vw;ghLfSk;; rpy khjq;fSf;F Kd;Ng tpupthf tpthjpf;fg;gl;L> gy jlitfs; jkJ %isfis frf;fpAk; ntsp- ehl;L ,uhZt ty;Ydh;fspd; MNyhridfis ngw;Wk; Kg;gil jsgjpfSk;> nghyP]; n[duYk;> gpujhdkhf ,tHfspd; Vf jiyik- ahfpa mjpgH re;jpupfhTk; ,ize;J fr;rpjkhf cUthf;fpaitahFk;. jkJ gilfSf;F ,og;Gfis Fiw- j;J ntw;wpfis Ftpg;gJ> ,e;j ntw;- wpj;jpkpUld; jkJ mjpfhuj;Jt tpUg;Gfis vkJ kf;fs; kPJ jpzpg;- gJ. ,JNt mtHfspd; gpujhd cj;- jpahFk;. jkJ gilfSf;F ,og;ig Fiwg;gJ vd;gjd; nghUs; ekJ
Mz;bNyNa gl;L> Fg;i tpl;l jpl;l
re;jpupf w;Wk; ,g;gb rLjpahf sg;gl;lJ V nfhLukhf kpl;L> efHj jj;jpid k rkhjhdj;j gjhf vk;i isAk; Vk eg;ghirapy Aj;jj;j nra;Ak; xt “rpWghd;ik jPHg;gjw;F m re;jpupfhTk jiyikAk Gspj;Jg;Ngh FWfpa nkhj;j tb kWjug;gpd jhf Fw;wk dH gy jl xUGwk; ,U ahf ntw;wp Vw;wNghJ fis ,opT dJk;> jw;G mike;jpUe
,yl;r jiytpjpA ,g;gbahdt Gfl;Lk; ng fpilj;ji ngUik n ikia nrt vd kPsTk Nthk;!
kf;fSf;F m TfisAk; V ,tHfspd jf;fiwfs Tk; iffi wdH. mNj thjJ Ng miog;G t ,Ue;J vg;g fpilf;Fk; v Jjhd; ehk
1982k; m jd;id epu 1983 ,y; ,d vd;why; Ng gbg;gpf;f K wpUe;j mN fle;j NjHj fupf;fg;gl;l fpd;whH. jd Ak; tpLf;f jf;f xw;Wi l;ly;fSk; xLf;FKi cz;ikah ekJ Njrk

khztH.... Mz;bNyNa vk;khy; fopj;Jf;fl;lg;- gl;L> Fg;igf;$ilapy;; Nghlg;gl;L- tpl;l jpl;lg;nghjp ,J. q;fs kf;f-
re;jpupfhtpdJ murpaYk;> Vkh-
(1Mk; ,uhZt gf;fj; njhlHr;rp...)
h? my;yJ
w;Wk; ,g;gb mk;gyg;gl;L Nghd gpd;Gk; f;fhdjh?
rLjpahf ,e;j ciu Nkw;nfhs;- ;Gfs; ,e;j
sg;gl;lJ Vd;? kpfTk; tpupthfTk;> ;gl;Ls;sJ?
nfhLukhfTk; Kd;ndLf;fj;jpl;l- twpaHfs;
kpl;L> efHj;jpf;nfh;zbUf;Fk; Aj;- hjhd ehl-
jj;jpid kPsTk; Muk;gpf;f Kd;G> iyg;Ngh-
rkhjhdj;jpw;fhf kPz;Lk; Kaw;rpg;- jDk; xU
gjhf vk;ikAk; rHtNjr r%fq;f- ;w vjpHghH-
isAk; Vkhw;wptplhyhk; vd;w xU ypy; ,d;W
eg;ghirapy;jhd;.
Aj;jj;jpw;fhd Maj;jq;fis nra;Ak; xt;nthU re;jHg;gj;jpYk;> “rpWghd;ikapdH” gpur;rpidfisj; jPHg;gjw;F midj;Jr; fl;rpfSf;Fk; re;jpupfhTk; mtiug;Nghd;w rpq;fs jiyikAk; miog;GtpLtJ ekf;F Gspj;Jg;Nghd tptfhuk;.
FWfpa kdg;ghq;fpd; xl;L- nkhj;j tbtkhf jpfOk;re;j pupfh kWjug;gpdiu mt;thwhf ,Ug;g- jhf Fw;wk;rhl;Lfpd;whH. mtH Kd;- dH gy jlit Mw;wpa ciufs; xUGwk; ,Uf;f> ,uz;lhtJ jlit- ahf ntw;wp ngw;W Ml;rpg;nghWg;ig Vw;wNghJ Mw;wpa ciu kw;wtH- fis ,opTgLj;JtJk; Nftykh- dJk;> jw;Gfo;r;rpAk; kpf;fJkhfNt mike;jpUe;jJ.
,yl;rf;fzf;fhd kf;fspd; jiytpjpAld; nrhw;rpyk;gkhLk; ,g;gbahdtHfSf;F murpay; ghlk; Gfl;Lk; nghWg;G ekJ Njrj;jpw;F fpilj;jijapl;L ehk; epr;rak; ngUik nfhs;s KbAk;. mf;fl- ikia nrt;tNd nra;J Kbg;Nghk; vd kPsTk; cWjp vLj;Jf;nfhs;- Nthk;!
;ld. vdNt Kd;nd- ; uPjpapYk;> hs;s ehk; k; vd;gJ
pl;lq;fSk; ;ghLfSk;; g tpupthf
njd; jkpoPo... (1Mk; gf;fj; njhlHr;rp...) litfs; pAk; ntsp- dh;fspd; ; Kg;gil [duYk;> jiyik- ; ,ize;J itahFk;. is Fiw- ,e;j ntw;- pfhuj;Jt ;kPJ jpzpg;- ujhd cj;- ;F ,og;ig Us; ekJ
m lf;FKiwfSf;F vjpuhfTk; jkJ nrhe;j Nfhupf;- iffSf;fhfTk; mz;ikf;fhykhf jkpoPo nkq;Fk; khztHfs; Nghuhb tUfpd;wdH. jd;ndOr;rpahf ntb- f;Fk; Nghuhl;lq;fs; Kiwahf mikg;ghf;fg;gl;L> khztHfs; gyk; tha;e;j rf;jpahf Njrpa ,af;fk; vDk; ika ,ioAld; neUf;fkhf ,izf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. jkpoPok; KOtJk; mJ CLUtpg;gyk; ngw- Ntz;Lk; ,e;j gyk; tha;e;j khztH
khW $Wk; is Jwf;f Po Nfhupf;- k; vd;ghH. ;ba nfhLu ;ghH. jkpo; Ntz;Lk; ;ghH. ntsp- a;a Ntz;- hH. ,jd; ahd Rak;
,af;f khdJ Njrpa eyd;f Sf;f h- fTk;> jkJ mbg;gil eyd;fSf;- fhfTk; tpl;Lf;nfhlhJ NghuhLk; tpjj;jpy; Njrj;jpd; gyj;jpy; fl;l- ikf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
,t;thW r%fj;jpYs;s xt;- nthU gpuptpdUk; jj;jkJ Fwpg;ghd gpur;ridfSld; nghJthd Njrpa gpur;ridfisAk ,izj;J tpl;;;Lf; nfhlhJ NghuhLk; NghJ> ekJ tpL- jiyg;Nghuhl;lkhdJ Gjpa gupzh- kj;jpy; tpuptilfpwJ> gyk; ngWfp-
zk; cl;gl $ba mjp-
wJ $lNt rHtNjr r%fq;fspd; mq;fPfhuj;ijAk; ngWfpd;wJ. ,g;g- bg;gyk; ngWk; ntFrd ,af;fq;f- shdJ> tpLjiyg;Nghuhl;lj;jpd; rpidf;F”
NghJ> ehk; tpLk; jtWfisAk; $l hd;. ,d;d-
Rl;bf;fhl;b vk;ik rupahd jpirapy; tpLjiyg;
topelhj;Jfpd;wd. vkJ fle;j fhy Uf;F xU
tuyhW kf;fs; rf;jpia mikg;ghf;- vd;gNjhL
fhjJ kl;Lky;y> jd;dstpy; mikg;- ida VO
ghFk; kf;fs; rf;jpahdJ vkf;F vjp- hfg;gpur;r-
uhf Ngha;tpLk; vd vr;rupf;ifahf ;lnjhopa
ghHg;gJk;> my;yJ mtw;iw vkJ s kf;fNs
Fwpg;gpl;l NjitfSf;fhf kl;Lk; k; xd;iw
gad;gLj;jp tpLtJld; epd;WtpL- Kiwf;F
tjhfNt ,Ue;J te;Js;sJ. fh. 1994k;
ek;kplKs;s ,e;j gytPdjij
kf;fSf;F mjpf ,og;GfisAk; Nguop- TfisAk; Vw;gLj;JtNj. Vw;fdNt ,tHfspd; iffspy; gl;l ,uj;- jf;fiwfs; fha;e;Jtpl Kd;Ng> kPs- Tk; iffis eidf;f tpisfpd;- wdH. mNj Neuk; ,it vJTNk el- thjJ Nghy murpay; Ngr;Rf;F miog;G tpLfpd;wdH. ,tHfsplk; ,Ue;J vg;gbg;gl;l rkhjhdk; vkf;F
Gupe;J nfhz;L> vjpupfNsh vk;i k- Ak; vkJ Nghuhl;lj;ijAk; mopj;- njhopf;f jkJ kf;fis jtwhd topKiwfspy; jkJ gf;fk; mzpjp- ul;Ltjpy; ntw;wp ngw;W tUfp;d;wdH. ehNkh ,e;j tplaj;jpy; ,d;dKk; ntFJhuk; gpd;dile;Js;Nshk;. jw;NghJs;s fhy fl;lk; ,J Fwpj;J ek;ik fLikahf vr;rupf;fpd;wJ.
fpilf;Fk; vd;gij mwpa fhj;jpUe;- Jjhd; ehk; ghHf;f Ntz;Lkh?
1982k; muRj;jiytH NjHjypy;
Nghuhl;lj;ij gyg;gLj;Jk; tif- jd;id epuhfupj;j jkpo; kf;fis
apy; Njrpa murpaYld; xd;W fyf;- 1983 ,y; ,dmopg;gpd; %yKk; NghH
Fk; NghJ murpay; hPjpapy; vjphp jsh;- vd;why; NghH vd;wjd; %yk; ghlk;
r;rpailtJ jpz;zk;. gbg;gpf;f Kad;w n[atHj;jdh tPw;- wpUe;j mNjrpq;fhrdj;jpy; jhd;> fle;j NjHjypy; ekJ kf;fshy; epuh- fupf;fg;gl;l re;jpupfhTk; tPw;wpUf;- fpd;whH. jdJ ghzpapy; vr;rupf;if- Ak; tpLf;fpd;whH vd;gJ tpaf;fj;- jf;f xw;Wik my;y. ,JNghd;w kpu- l;ly;fSk; Vkhw;wy;fSk; ek;kPjhd xLf;FKiw tuyhw;wpy; ed;fwpe;j cz;ikahFk;. ,tw;wpw;F vg;NghJk; ekJ Njrk; mbgzpahJ.
,e;j `h;j;jhy; jpdf; $l;lj;- jpy; kpjthj murpay; jug;gpdUk; fye;J nfhz;L kf;fspd; Jauq;- fis ePf;f Ntz;Lnkdf; Nfhhpf;if itj;jpUg;gJ tuNtw;ff; $bajh- Fk;. NtWgl;l murpay; eyd;fisf; nfhz;bUg;gpDk; $l Njrj;jpd; mu- rpay; eyDld; ,ize;J nraw;gl Ntz;baJ ,d;iwa Njit vd;gJ midj;Jj; jkpo;j; jug;GfspdJk; flikahFk;.
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‘The Editor’ BM BOX 6769 LONDON f;f paj;J tKk;mtrpaKkhfpd;w J.
WCI 3XX, U.K. ;Fgw;w KbahJ Nghd mtkhdfukhd
Tel: 07041372064 d;ndhU Njrj;i j mlf;F fpd;w xU ;thHj;i jfs;,q;F k;epUgzk;. ehk; ilAk; NghJ kl;LNk> rpq;fs Njrk;
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