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“Njrpa murhq;f” miog;Gk;> mopj;njhopg;Gf;fhd Aj;jKk;
nghJrd Kd;dzpapd; NjHjy; tpQ;QhgdkhdJ ek;Njrj;jpd; kPJ GJtif Aj;jg; gpufldnkhd;iwr; nra;Js;sJ. Njrpa murhq;fk; vd;w [dehaf nrhy;yhlYld; ,ize;j> mopj;njhopg;G Aj;jk; vd;w ,g;gpufldj;jpw;F rpq;fs Njrj;jpd; xUkpj;j ,zf;fj;ijg; ngWtJ mjd; xNu ,yf;fhFk;. “Njrpa murhq;fKk; Gypfs; mopj;njhopg;Gk;” vDk; ,;g;GJg;gpufldk; midj;J rpq;fs kf;fisAk;  gpujhd epfo;r;rpepuyhf xNunahU jPHkhdkhf> Kidg;ghd Aj;jk;> ve;jtpj Ngr;Rf;fSf;Fk; ,lkpy; yhj jq;Fjilaw;w Aj;jk;> mopj;njhopg;G Aj;jk; vd;w mwptpg;ig kpfj;njspthfNt re;jpupfh nra;Js;shH. Njhy;tpapd; tpspk;gpy; epw;fpd;w NghjpYk; $l>  mjd; Ngupy; ek; kf;fisAk; efuq;fisAk; fpuhkq;f isAk; mopj;J> vkJ Njrpa ,iwikia epH%yk; nra;tJk; fUtWg;gJNk
,g;gpufldj;jpd; murpay; rhukhF rpwpyq;fh Rje;jpuf;fl;rpapd; ghu 1958,y; jkpo; nkhopaopj;jJ ,y; Gjpa ngsj;j murpay; GFj;jpaJ. 1994 ,y; nghJrd K vd;gjhf tbtk; vLj;J “rkhjh fhd Aj;jj;ij” gpufldk; n ,d;W rpq;fs Nrhtpdpr Gjpa m f;ifnahd;iw gykhf cUt nfhz;L Njrpa murhq;fKk; mopj;njhopg;Gk; vd;w nfh gpufldk; nra;Js;sJ. ,Jt gupzhk tsHr;rpahdJ xU ,W jPHkhdfukhd ghrpr tbtkhf gpwg;ngLj;Js;sJ. re;jpupfh muR kl;Lkd;wp Nghl;bahf tUk; rf;jpfSk; $ Njrpa tpLjiyg; Nghuhl;lj;ij gJ vd;w xU fUj;jpNyNa c Gypfis xopf;f NghHf;N fhyk;G+ rpfs cWka> ehl;ilj; J tplkhl;Nlhk; vDk; N[tpgp> , nkhopNgRk; A+vd;gp midj;JNk> e eyDf;F vjpuhf xNu fUj nfhz;Ls;sd. ,jw;F Mjuthf kf;fspd; ,zf;fj;ijg; ngWt jPtpukhf epw;fpd;wdH. rpq;fs Nj ,Ug;Ng ek; tpLjiyg; Nghuhl
(njhlHr;rp 2M njd;jkpoPok;: tpspk;Gepiyf; Fuy;fs; %J}hpd;  fuq;fspd; gyj;jhy; ekJ Njrj;ij
efuq;fspYk; eilngWk; murpay thoitf;Fk; tptrha kf;fs;. Mdhy; ,th;f
q;fs; vt;thW rh;tNjr murpaypy isg; gw;wp vk;kpy; gy Uf;F mf;fiw fpil
f;fpd;wdNth> mNjNghy; vy ahJ. ,th;fs; vg;gb >vt;thW tho;fpwhh;fs;?
kf;fspd; tho;Tk; Njrj; jpd; m ,th;fsJ Njitfs; vd;d? vd;gJ gw;wp
xd;W fye;J ntspg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ahUk; ftiyg;gltpy;iy. ekJ Njrj;jpd;
vy;iyNahuq;fspy; md;whlk; mjpfhuKk; nry;thf;Fkpf;f kf;fs;
fhfTk; capUf;fhffTk; Nghuhba gphptpdhpypUe;Jk; GwnkhJf;fg;gl;lth;f
ekJ Njrj;jpd; tpspk;Gepiy shf> r%fj;jpd; xl;Lnkhj;j mf;fiwapyp
tho;it rpyh; Njh;jy; murpayhf Ue;J Gwf;fzpf;fg; gl;l th;fshf ,th;fs;
d;wdh;. ,k;kf;fs; NjHjypy; thf cs;sdh;. ,jd; fhuzkhfNt vjphpfspd;
epiyik cUthfpapUg;gJ g ml;lfhrq;fS f;F ,th;fs; vspjpy;
Nftykhd fupridia ntspg;gLj cs;shf Neh;tJld;> ,th;fs; ehshe;jk;
JNuhfj;jdq;fs; ekJ k tpsq;fhkypy;iy.
jkpoPo kf;fs; fl;rpapd; mu
kf;fSf;Nf midj;J mjpfh
Ig;grp 2000
1 vkJ ,yl;rpak; Rj

;f” miog;Gk;> ;Gf;fhd Aj;jKk;
dj;jpd; murpay; rhukhFk;. h Rje;jpuf;fl;rpapd; ghuk;gupak; jkpo; nkhopaopj;jJ. 1972 pa ngsj;j murpay; rhrdk; J. 1994 ,y; nghJrd Kd;dzp tbtk; vLj;J “rkhjhdj;jpw; ;jj;ij” gpufldk; nra;jJ. ;fs Nrhtpdpr Gjpa mzpr;NrH hd;iw gykhf cUthf;fpf; Njrpa murhq;fKk; Gypfs; jhopg;Gk; vd;w nfhs;ifg; k; nra;Js;sJ. ,Jtiufhy tsHr;rpahdJ xU ,Wjpahd ukhd ghrpr tbtkhf> ,d;W j;Js;sJ.
h muR kl;Lkd;wp mjw;F hf tUk; rf;jpfSk; $l> ekJ pLjiyg; Nghuhl;lj;ij Kwpabg; ;w xU fUj;jpNyNa cs;sd. xopf;f NghHf;Nfhyk;G+z;L s;s Wka> ehl;ilj; Jz;lhl ;Nlhk; vDk; N[tpgp> ,ul;il k; A+vd;gp midj;JNk> ek; Njrpa vjpuhf xNu fUj;ijNa s;sd. ,jw;F Mjuthf rpq;fs ; ,zf;fj;ijg; ngWtjpNyNa epw;fpd;wdH. rpq;fs Njrj;jpd; ek; tpLjiyg; Nghuhl;lj;ij
(njhlHr;rp 2Mk; gf;fk;) piyf; Fuy;fs;
hz;L tUk; rpq;fs ,dntwp wfs; ntspj;njhpahky; mkpe;J . mz;ikf; fhyj;jpy; ,NjgpuNjr FkuGuk; fpuhk j;jpYk; gyH ,t; apduhy; gL nfhiy nra;ag;gl J epidT$uj;jf;fjhFk;.
fj;jpd; ikag; gpuNjrq;fspYk; k; eilngWk; murpay; tptfhu hW rh;tNjr murpaypy; vjpnuhyp th> mNjNghy; vy;iyNahu tho;Tk; Njrj; jpd; murpaypy; ;J ntspg;gl Ntz;Lk;. huq;fspy; md;whlk; cztpw; apUf;fhffTk; Nghuhbagb thOk; j;jpd; tpspk;Gepiy kf;fspd; pyh; Njh;jy; murpayhf;f Kay;fp ;kf;fs; NjHjypy; thf;fspf;fh cUthfpapUg;gJ gw;wp jk; fupridia ntspg;gLj;Jk; ,e;j dq;fs; ekJ kf;fSf;F ypy;iy.
k; Rje;jpu jkpoPok;
jkpoPok; - Ig;grp 2000
kf;fs; fl;rpapd; murpay; VL
;Nf midj;J mjpfhuq;fSk;
,jo; -19
Kd;dhs; nghyP]; mjpfhupahf ,Ue;J rpwpy q;fh K];yPk;nfhq;fpu]; Ntl;ghshuhf khwpa cigJy;yh vd;gtH kPJ mz;ikapy; %Jhupy; eilngw;w jw;nfhiyj;jhf;FjYk;> ,jpy; $lNt K];yPk;khztHfs; MrpupaHfs; mlq;fyhf> gy K];yPk; kf;fspd; nfhiyf Sk; kf;fs; kj;jpapy; gy;NtW Nfs;tpfis Vw;gLj;jpAs;sJ. jtpu> mg;gpuNjrj;jpy; nfhe;jspg;GfisAk; Vw;gLj;jpAs;sJ. nghyP];mjpfhupahf kl;Lkd;wp csTj;Jiw ahfTk; nraw;gl;L> gy NghuhspfisAk; jkpo; kf;fisAk; Ntl;bahb> gyiu re;Njfj;jpy; ifJ nra;J tijj;jpy; Neubahf  ,tH  mjid vd;dtpjj;jpy; vjpHnfhs;tJ> mjdhy; Vw;gLk; murpay; rhjfghjq;fs; vd;d? ekJ tpLjiyg; Nghuhl;lj;jpd; ,d; iwa tsHr;rpf;fl;lk; vd;d? Nghd;w tplaq;f spy;> jPHf;fkhd xU fl;lj;jpy; ,Wjp ntw;wpf; fhf Nghuhbf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; xU tpLjiy ,af;fk; mtrpak; fUj;jpy; nfhs;s Ntz;baJ mtrpakhFk;. mlf;fg;gLk; ,uz;L Njrq;fSf;fpilapy; MNuhf;fpakhd cwTfis Vw;gLj;jp ekJ Nghuhl;lj;jpid fhj;jpukhf;f Ntz;ba jUzj;jpy; gy K];yPk; nghJkf;fs; nfhy;yg;glTk; gyH fhag;glTk; fhuzkhd ,e;j jhf;FjYk; mJ nra;ag;gl;l tpjKk; fz;bf;fg;gl Ntz;baJ vd;gJld; rfNjrj; jpd;; eyd;ghw;gl;Lk;> ekJ tpLjiyg; Nghuhl;lj;jpd; eyd;ghw;gl;L tprdg;gl Ntz;baJkhFk;. ,jid tpl K];yPk; kf;fspd; Kf;fpa ghlrhiynahd;wpYs;s fzzpfis vLj;Jr;nrd;Ws;sJk; nfhe;jsp g;ig NkYk; jPtpug;gLj;jpAs;sJ.
ekJ NjrKk;> tpLjiyg;GypfSk; ,d;W vjpupg;gilfisNa ek; kz;iztpl;Lj; Jilj;njwpAk; mstpw;F tsHe;Js;s epiy ikAld; xg;gpl;lhy;> Nkw;gb jhf;Fjy;fspd; murpay; gad;ghL mHj;jkw;wJ kl;Lky;y> Nghuhl;lj;jpw;F vjpHtpisTfis mjpfkhf Vw;gLj;JtJkhFk;. ,t;thwhf> tpLjiyg; Gypfs; mikg;ghdJ> murpay; jPHf;fjuprdk w;W nraw;gLtJ> mt;tikg;gpd; vNjr;rhjp fhu Fzhk;rj;ij khj;jpuky;y> Mf;fpukpg;G jkpo; ,dthjpf;f gz;igAk; vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfp d;wJ. ,J  [dehaf top vz;L nrhy;Ywhq;f! gpd;d> td;KiwahyjhNd vnyf;rd;y nty;Ywhq;f . . .! ,tq;fSk; ,tq;fl Ml;rpAk;!
- rdj;;jpd; Fuy;-
%JhH jhf;Fjy;
tpiy &gh 10.00

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85 ,y; vOr;rp ngw;W te;j K];yPk; Njrpa ,af;fkhdJ> 1987k; Mz;bYk; mLj;J te;j Mz;Lfspy; $Hikaile; jJ. gpujhdkhf> ,e;jpa gilfspd; jatpy; jkpo; mikg;Gfs; Nkw;nfhz;l mopT eltbf;iffs; fhuzkhf ,J epfo;e;jJ. cz;ikapy;> K];yPk; kf;fspd; Njrpa vOr;rpia fUtp NyNa eRf;fptpl ,e;jpa kj;jpa muR xU ,ufrpa epfo;r;rp epuypd;fPo; nraw;gl;lJ vd;gJ vtuhYk; ftdpf;fg;gltpy;iy. ,e;jpa kj;jpa murhdJ> rpwpyq;fh muRld; ,ize;J jpzpj;j xg;ge;jkhdJ tlf;F fpof;F K];yPk; kf;fspd; Njrpa mgpyhirfs; gw;wp ve;jnthU thHj;ijAk; nfhz;bUf;ftpy;iy vd;gJ jw;nrayy;y. ,jpy; ,uz;L Mjpf;f muRfSk; xj;j epiyg;ghl;by; ,Ue;jd.
,e;jpa kj;jpa muR Mjupg;ghf fhl;bf;nfhz;l jpk;Gf;Nfhupf;iffspYk; rup> gyte;jkhf jpzpf;fg;gl;l ,e;jpa- ,yq;if xg;ge;jj;jpYk; rup> ,d;iwa Ngr;RthHj;ij Kaw;rpfshapDk; rup> ,t;tpU muRfSk; K];yPk; kf;fspd; Njrpa mgpyhirfis jpl;lkpl;Nl jtpHj;J te;Js;sd.  jkJ K];yPk;tpNuhj cs;sf;fplf; ifia ntspf;fhl;bf;nfhz;ld.
xU fl;lj;jpy; ,t;tpU muRfSk; jkpo;> K];yPk; Njrq;fSf;fpilapy; gifik czHTfisAk;> fho;g;GfisAk; cUthf; fpl jpl;lkpl;Lr; nraw;gl;ld vd;gjw;F Vuhsk; rhd;Wfs; cs;sd.
xU Gwk; ,J epfo> kWGwk;> ,e;jpa Mf;fpukpg;Gf; fhyq;fspy;>  K];yPk; kf;fspd; Njrpa mgpyhirfSf;F Fuy; nfhLj;J te;j K];yPk; If;fpa tpLjiy Kd;dzp vd;w mikg;Gk; 17 mk;r Nfhupf;iffspd; fPo; If;fpag;gl;lik ajhHj;j mtrpaj;ij epUgpj;J epd;wJ. ,e;jpag;gilapd; Mf;fpukpg;gpw;Fk;> rpwpyq;fh murpd; ,dthjj;jpw;Fk; vjpuhd ,e;j ajhHj;jkhd xUikr;nraw;ghl;il murpay; jPHf;fjuprdk; ,d;wpAk; jkpopd thj Mjpf;f topg;gl;Lk; tpLjiyg;Gypfs; rpijj;Jk;> mLj;jLj;J K];yPk; kf;fs; kPjhd gLnfhiyfis fl;ltpo;j;Jtpl;l ikAk; Mokhd tuyhw;W tLthf mike;jJ.
,Ue;Jk;> tuyhwhdJ cz;ikahd vjpupfs; ahH ez;gHfs; ahH vd;gij kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; typAWj;;jpNa tUfpd;wJ.  ,e;jpa kj;jpa muRk; nghJ vjpupfs; vd;gJ
2
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vjpupf
mi v ep&gzq;fis ekf;Fj;je;Js;s
vjpupfis vjpupfshfTk; ez ez;gHfshfTk; njspthf ,d tpl;lhy;> eilKiwr; nraw;ghLf cz;ikia ehk; ep&gpj;jhf N gl;Lk;glhj $w;Wf;fshfTk;> mio fTk; ,d;wp Mokhd nraw;g %ykhf mirf;f Kbah neU ekf;Fs; cUthf;fpl Ntz;Lk;. rfN jdpj;Jtj;ij kjpj;J Vw;Wf Ntz;Lk;. xU rfNjrk; vd;d #o Fwpg;ghd epiyg;ghLfis Nkw;nfh vd;gij ekJ tpUg;gpy; md;wp ajhH ikapy; ,Ue;J kjpg;gpl Ntz;Lk;. m cUthf;fpajpy; ekJ g Nfs;tpf;Fs;shf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,iof;fg;gl;l jtWfs; xg;Gf;nf Ntz;Lk;. KOikahd epthu ghjpf;fg;gl;l jug;gpdUf;F jug;gl ,g;gbahd ghuJhukhd j vjpHfhyj;jpy; ,iof;fg;gl khl;l cj;juthjk; mspf;fg;gl Ntz gpur;ridahapDk; epahakhd csg ciuahly; %yk; jPHf;fg;gl to jpwe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. murpay midj;J mk;rq;fspYk; rkj;jtk Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j jpirapy;  Nrhtp f;fs; FOkk;jhd; jhd; v re;Njfkpy;iy. ,dptUk;> mopg;Gg;NghUf;F Mszp jpul;b f;Fk; rf;jpfs;jhd; ,j;Njrpamu vd;w mjpfhuj;jpy; tPw;wpUf;fg;Ngh gpf;Fkhupd; rhzf;fpa topf uj;drpwp Nghd;w jsgjpfspd; rg rpfs cWka> G+kpGj;u> jpNd\ jPtpu ,dthjpf spd; gf;fgy ek;kPjhd mopj;njhopg;G Aj;jk; gpu Lj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. Njrpa mur vd;w [dehaf Njhw;wg;gh kpfTk; nfhLukhf Nkw;nf gltpUf;Fk; mopj;njhopg;G A w;fhd fr;rpjkhd ftrkhfTk ag;Nghfpd;wJ.

ez;gHfSk; vjpupfSk;
epfo;TfShlhf ;gHfSk; pw;fpd;wJ. Uk; tpjj;jpy; ehk; njs;sj;njsp
vjpupfSk;
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s vjpupfshfTk; ez;gHfis hfTk; njspthf ,dq;fz;L ilKiwr; nraw;ghLfspy; ,e;j a ehk; ep&gpj;jhf Ntz;Lk;. $w;Wf;fshfTk;> miog;Gf;fsh ;wp Mokhd nraw;ghLfspd; mirf;f Kbah neUf;fj;ij Uthf;fpl Ntz;Lk;. rfNjrj;jpd; j;ij kjpj;J Vw;Wf;nfhs;s xU rfNjrk; vd;d #oypy; rpy piyg;ghLfis Nkw;nfhs;fpd;wJ kJ tpUg;gpy; md;wp ajhHj;jepiy e;J kjpg;gpl Ntz;Lk;. mr;#oiy fpajpy; ekJ ghj;jpuk; s;shf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. gu];guk; ;gl;l jtWfs; xg;Gf;nfhs;sg;gl ;. KOikahd epthuzq;fs; l;l jug;gpdUf;F jug;gl Ntz;Lk;. d ghuJhukhd jtWfs; ;jpy; ,iof;fg;gl khl;lhJ vd;w jk; mspf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ve;j hapDk; epahakhd csg;G+Htkhd y; %yk; jPHf;fg;gl topKiwfs; f;f Ntz;Lk;. murpay; kw;Wk; mk;rq;fspYk; rkj;jtk; Ngzg;gl ,e;j jpirapy; 
pj;njhopg;G Aj;jk;...
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J vd;whfptpl;lJ. rpq;fs muR ;fs kf;fSf;Fk; ,ilapyhd FNtfkhf mUfptUfpd;wJ.
Aj;jKk; ekJ Njrj;ij hopg;G nra;tJk; re;jpupfh jug;gpd; epfo;r;rp epuy; vdpd;> ;NghFk; Njrpa murhq;fj;jpy; pUf;fg;NghtJk;> Nrhtpdp];l;L Okk;jhd; jhd; vd;gjpy; kpy;iy. ,dptUk;> jkpopd ghUf;F Mszp jpul;bf;nfhL ;jpfs;jhd; ,j;Njrpamurhq;fk; pfhuj;jpy; tPw;wpUf;fg;Nghfpd;wd. upd; rhzf;fpa topfhl;ly;> Nghd;w jsgjpfspd; rgjq;fs;> Wka> G+kpGj;u> jpNd\; Nghd;w dthjpf spd; gf;fgyj;Jld; mopj;njhopg;G Aj;jk; gpufldg;g l;Ls;sJ. Njrpa murhq;fk; dehaf Njhw;wg;ghlhdJ> nfhLukhf Nkw;nfhs;sg; ;Fk; mopj;njhopg;G Aj;jj;jp r;rpjkhd ftrkhfTk; mik pd;wJ.
tpLjiyg;Gypfis mopj;njhopf;Fk; uj;drpwpapd; Kof;fk;> tpLjiyg;NghUf;F ek;Gyk;ngaH kf;fs; jUk; epjpg;gq;fsp g;ig Klf;fTk;> Gypfis jilnra;aTk; fjpHfhkH fhl;Lk; jPtpuk;. rpfs cWka tpd; INuhg;gpa Rw;Wg;gazKk; ek; tpLj iyg; Nghuhl;lj;jpw;nfjpuhd gpur;rhuq;f Sk;> gpf;FkhUf;F muR toq;fpAs;s tPl;Nlh mjpfhuq;fs;. thq;fpf; Ftpf;fg;g l;Ls;s NghuhAjq;fs; ahTk; mopj;njhop g;G Aj;jj;jpw;fhd Kd;jahupg;GfshFk;. vdNt> ,e;j Mgj;ij vjpHnfhz;L Kwpabf;f ekJ Njrk; jd; gykidj;ij Ak; jpul;bf;nfhs;Sk; Neuk; te;Jtpl;lnj d;gJ kPsTk; cWjpg;gLj;Jfpd;wJ. ek;jhafj;jpypUe;J Mf;fpukpg;Gg;gilfs; vt;tsT tpiutpy; tpul;babf;fg;gLfpd; wNjh> mt;tstpw;F ekJ Njrj;jpd; ,og;Gfs; Fiwf;fg;gLk.; ntw;wpahdJ tpiuTgLj;jg;gLk;. vt;tsT tpiutpy; ekJ cl;r gl;r > murpay;kw;W k;,uhZt gyj;ij ehk; jpul;bf;nfhs;fpd;NwhNkh> mt;tsTf;F vjpupfs; tpul;babf;fg;gL tJk; tpiuTgLj;jg;gLk; .
,J  ntFrd mikg;Gfs; njhlf;;fk; jpl;ltl;lkhd murpay; epWtdq;fs;tiu ,e;j eilKiw Kaw;rpapy; ,wq;f Ntz;Lk;. Mokh dJk; gue;jJkhd gpur;ridfs; vd;gjhy; mjw;Fupa fbdciog;Gk;; nghWikAk; ehk; ntspg;gLj;jpNa MfNtz;Lk;.
Jhu ,Ue;J rpwpyq;fh muirg; gfpuq;fkhf gyg;gLj;Jk; ghfp];jhdpa murhapDk;;>  vd;d fhuzj;jpw;fhfTk; ,jid ehk; jhkjpg;gjhdJ ghupa murpay; jtWfS f;F ,l;Lr;nry;Yk;. vdNt ,U Njrq;fspd; rhHgpYk; ,e;j mtru flikAzHe;J nraw;gLNthk;. ,jpy; Kd;ifnaLf;Fk; flg;ghL 

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K];ypk; Njrk;: tlf;fpy; ,Ug;gWf;fg;gl;l 10tJ tUl 1948 ,y;........ rpNahdprg; gilfs; ghy];jPd kz;zpy; mj;JkPwpg; GFe;jd. kz;zpd; kf;fs; nfhd;W Ftpf;fg;gl;ldh;. jiyKiw jiyKiwahf jkJ ,dk; tho;e;JtUk; jkJ jhafg; gpuNjrj;jpypUe;J gyte; jkhf Juj;jpabf;fg;gl;ldh;. rpNahdpr Ml;rp ghy];jPd kz;zpy; epWtg;gl;lJ. mehjuTw;wth;fshf> mfjpfshf mz;il ehLf spy; kf;fs; jkJ capiug; ghJfhj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhf jQ;rkile;jdh;. “mfjp Njrk;” vDk; milahsg; ngah; ghy];jPdpah; kPJ jpzpf;fg;gl;lJ. xU Njrk; Kw;WKOjhf jdJ jhafj;jpypUe;J NtNuhL mfo;e;J vwpag;gl;lJ. ,jaKs;s khDl cyfk; ,e;jf; nfhLikiaf; fz;L fz;z Ph;tbj;j J. nfhjpj;n j Oe;jJ. ghy];jPdUf;fhf ePjp NfhUk; Fuy;fs; cyfpd; midj;Jg; ghfq;fspYkpUe; Jk; xypf;fj; njhlq;fpd. ,j;jifanjhU td;nfhLik ,dp cyfpy; epfoNtf; $lhJ vDk; cWjpg;ghl;il tpLjiy
1917 xf;Nlhgh; 17k; ehs; kdpjFy tuyhw;wpy; mJtiuapy; mwpag;glhj xd;W epfo;e;NjwpaJ. Mz;lhz;L fhykhf Ruz;lYf;Fk; mlf;FK iwf;Fk; cs;shfp te;j kf;fs;jpus; u\;a ehl;by; murpay; mjpfhuj; ijf; ifg;gw;wpaJ. ciof;Fk; kf;fspd; Ml;rp ];jhgpf;fg;gl;l me;jehs; cynfq;fpYk; thOk; ciog;ghsp kf;fshYk; Gul;rpfu Mh;tyh;fshYk; “xf;Nlhgh; Gul;rp” vd ngUkjpg;Gld; epidT $ug;gl;L tUfpd;wJ. xf;Nlhgh; Gul;rpahdJ> Ruz;lYf;F cs;shfpLk; ciog;ghsp kf;fs; jkf;fhd muir cUthf;fpl KbAk; vDk; ek;gpf;ifia cynfq;FKs;s mlf;fg;gl;l kf;f s;kj;j papy;tpijj;j njDk; tifapy;> etPd murpay; tuyhw;wpy; mopah ,lj;ijg; ngw;Ws;sJ. md;iwa fl;lj;jpy; u\;a r%fj;jpy; tsh;r;rp ngw;wpUe;j njhopw;Jiw ciof;Fk; th;f;fkhdJ Kjyhspj;Jtj;jhy; kpf Nkhrkhd mlf;FKiwf;F cs;shfp te;jJ.
xf;Nlhgh; Gul;rpia epidT $h;N
murpay; mjpfhuj;ijf; ifg;gw;Wt jd; %yk; Kjyhspj;Jt Ruz;lypyp Ue;J jd;id tpLtpj;Jf; nfhs;t njhd;Nw ,e;j th;f;fj;jpd; Kd;dpUe;j xNu njhpthFk;. njhopw;Jiw ciof;Fk; th;f;fj;ijg; Nghd;Nw> kpf Nkhrkhd r%f nghUshjhu mlf;FKiw fis vjph;nfhz;lJld; ftdpg;gh uw;w epiyapy; tplg;gl;bUe;j ngUksthd twpa tptrhha kf;fs; me;ehl;bypUe;jdh;. ,th;fistpl gy;NtW njhopy;fspYk; ; Ntiyapy;yh jpUe;j ,yl;rf;fzf;fhd kf;fSf;Fk;> r%f rf;jpfSf;Fk; r%f tpLjiy Njitg;gl;lJ. kWGwk;> twpa tptrhapfs;> ciog;gh spfs;> Ntiyapy;yhNjhhpd; kj;jpapypUe;J fl;lha ,uhZtr; Nritapy;  1990 ,y;: ‘cyf khDl Md;kh’ vij
ntWj;jN eilngwf Fyk; jt nfhz;Ls j;ij tp  ve;j ghjfk; ikj;Jf;
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khjk; jkpoPo tpLjiyg;
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jiyikahd tpLjiyg;
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Njrpaf; nfhs;ifapdhYk;> r%f nfhz;bUe;jdh;.
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Yk; Vw;gl;l Njhy;tpahFk;. Nrhryp Kd;Ndwpa gphpthf ,Ue;j njhop
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epiwT jpdj;jpy;> jkpoPoj;jpd; ,yf;fhff; nfhz;L jdJ Gul;rpfu
mlf;fg;gl;l kf;fs; gphptpduhd ehk;> mjpfhuj;ij epiyehl;baJ.
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ntspr;rj;jpy; Nrhrypr jkpoPoj; ntw;wpapypUe;J> tpLjiyf;fhfg;
ijf; fl;bnaOg;g mbj;jskpLNth Nghuhbf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; kf;fshd
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- rpah
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Page 4
ekJNjrj;jpd; KJnfYk;ghf> capHr;rhukhf ekJ tptrhap fs; jpfo;fpd;whHfs;. vz;zp f;if uPjpapy; ekJ r%fj;jpy; vz;gJ tPjj;jpw;Fk; mjpfkhd tHfshf tptrhapfs; mikfp d;whHfs;. njd;jkpoPok; njhlq;fp tljkpoPok;  vq;Fk; tptrhapfspd; mlHj; jpia nfhz;l jdpj;Jtkhd kf;fs; r%fkhf ekJNjrk; tpsq;Ffpd;wJ. ekJ Njrj; jpd; nghUshjhu mbj;jskhf Tk; fyhr;rhu tpisepykhf Tk; kl;Lkd;wp> ekJNjrj;jpd; Kjd;ikahd Nghuhl;l Md;khthfTk; tptrhapfs; tpsq;Ffpd;whhfs;. ekJNjrj;jpd; nghUshjhuk; tptrhaj;jpNyNa NtH nfhz; Ls;sJ - vg;NghJk;. INuhg; gpa Mf;fpukpg;Gf;F Kd;dH> tptrhakhdJ> ekJ kf;fspd; RaNjitia G+Hj;jp nra;fpd;w gpujhd cw;gj;jp Kiwahf tpsq;fpaNjhL> Vw;Wkjpf ;fhd %yq;fspd; xd;whfTk; mike;jpUe;jJ. NtWgl;l epymikg;G> ePHtsk; vd;gt w;iw ngw;wpUf;fpd;w NghjpYk;> mj;jifa #oYf;Nfw;g jkJ cw;gj;jp KiwfisAk; mwpitAk; ekJ tptrhapfs; jkJ kuGupikahf ngw;wpUf;fpd;whHfs;. njd;jkpoPokhdJ> new;nra; iff;Fk; fhy;eil tsHg;Gf; Fk; Vw;w rpwe;j epymikg;ig Ak; ePHtsj;ijAk; nfhz;bUf; fpd;wJ. kj;jpa jkpoPokhdJ> thdk; ghHj;j G+kpahf ,Uf;fp d;w NghjpYk;> mUikahd nrk;ghl;L kz;iz nfhz;lh jhf> new;nra;if rpWgapHr; nra;if vd;gtw;NwhL> fhy; eil tsHg;Gf;Fk; cfe;j epy khf mJ ,Uf;fpd;wJ. tljkp oPok; Rw;wpYk; flyhy; #og;g l;bUf;fpd;w xU jPgfw;gkhf mike;jpUf;fpd;w mNj Neuj; jpy;> mjd; tskpf;f kz;Zk; Mo;fpzw;W ePhpd; %ykhd ghrd KiwAk; re;ij gapHr; nra;iff;F Vw;w jd;ikia ngw;wpUf;fpd;wd. ,k; %d;W NtWgl;l gpuNjrq;fspYk; tho;e;J tUfpd;w ekJ tptrh apfs;> jkJ fbd ciog;gh Yk; ghuk;ghpa mwptpdhYk; jkJ kz;iz xU rpwe;j tpt rha G+kpahf njhlHr;rpahf Ngzp; te;jpUf;fpd;whHfs;. ekJNjrj;jpd; fyhr;rhu $Wfspy; mNdkhdit> ekJ tptrha kf;fsplkpUe;Nj gpwe;jpUf;fpd;wd. nrOikkp
4
jkpoPo kf;fs; Fbaurpd; mbg;gil gpup tptrhapfs
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shf jpfo;fpd;wd. tptrha kf;fspdhy; nfhz;lhlg;L fpd;w cotH gz;bif> epyj; jpd; kPJk; fhy;eilf spd; kPJk; mtHfs; nfhz;bUf;fpd;w Mo;ej Nerj;jpdJk; mf;fiw apdJk; ntspg;ghlhfTk; ekJNjrj;jpd; fyhr;rhu mk;rq;fspy; xd;whfTk; tpsq;Ffpd;wJ. Ehw;whz;Lfshf> jkJ epyj;jpy;> jkf;NfAhpa jdpj;Jtq;fNshL> tho;e;J te;j ekJ tptrhapfis> Kd;DhW tUlq;fSf;Fk; $Ljyhd INuhg;gpa Mf;fpu kpg;G $l mjpfk; ghjpf;ftp y;iy. Mdhy; rpwpyq;fh muR cUthf;fg;gl;l Muk;g fzj; jpypUe;Nj> ekJ tptrhapf spd; tho;T Kw;whf khw;wg;gl;L tpl;lJ. jkJ epyj;jpd; kPJk; cw;gj;jpapd; kPJk; jkJ tho;tpd; kPJk; ekJ tptrhapfSf;;Fs;s cupik> rpwpyq;fh murpdhy; Kw;whf gwpf;fg;gl;L tpl;lJ. jpl;lkp l;l rpq;fs FbNaw;wq;fsp dhy;> ekJ tptrhapfspd; cw;gj;jp epyq;fSk; Nka;r;ry; epyq;fSk; mtHfsplkpUe;J mgfhpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. jhk;
gz;gLj;j epyq;fsp tho;tpl mtHfs; n shHfs;. epyj;jpNy gilfspd fPOk;
tho;fpd;w epiyf;F Mshf;fg ciog;gpd itia G+H shf ,Ue ,g;NghJ j f;F $l> e fshf k whh;fs;. m eltbf;if iyf;fg;gl j;jpd; kPJ Aj;jKk; m ikAk; t ghd fyh ngUk; gh cs;sd. vdpDk; , tptrha k nra;atpy gytPdkh khwhf> r mf;fpukpg ekJ tpt tpLjiy nlor; nr Mz;Lfs fhyj;jp;w murpdhy f;F Vw;gl rPHFiyT

Fbaurpd; mbg;gil gpuptpdHfs;: 2 ptrhapfs;
baq;fs;> vd;git tbtk; ;w gujeh kf;fspd; hd fiy jrj;jpd; hu kuGf
tptrha ;lhlg;L f> epyj; spd; kPJk; Uf;fpd;w ; mf;fiw hlhfTk; yhr;rhu ;whfTk;
jkJ ;NfAhpa tho;e;J apfis> Sf;Fk; Mf;fpu hjpf;ftp ;fh muR k;g fzj; ptrhapf hw;wg;gl;L jpd; kPJk; k; jkJ ekJ cupik> ; Kw;whf . jpl;lkp w;wq;fsp hapfspd; ; Nka;r;ry; plkpUe;J d. jhk;
gz;gLj;jp> tsg;gLj;jpa jkJ epyq;fspypUe;Jk; jkJ tho;tplq;fspypUe;Jk; mtHfs; ntspNaww;wg;gl;Ls;; shHfs;. jkJ nrhe;j epyj;jpNyNa> rpwpyq;fh gilfspd; Mf;fpukpg;gpd; fPOk; mfjpfshfTk;
tho;fpd;w mtkhdkpf;f epiyf;F ekJ tptrhapfs; Mshf;fg;gl;Ls;shHfs;. jkJ ciog;gpd; %yk; RaNj itia G+H;j;jp nra;a $batHf shf ,Ue;j ekJ tptrhapfs; ,g;NghJ jkJ xUNeu czT f;F $l> epl;ra cWjpaw;wtH fshf khw;wg;gl;bUf;fpd; whh;fs;. mtHfsJ fyhr;rhu eltbf;iffs; Nkhrkhf rPHF iyf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ekJ Njr j;jpd; kPJ jpzpf;fg;gl;Ls;s Aj;jKk; mlf;FKiwAk; tW ikAk; tptrhapfspd; ,ay; ghd fyhr;rhu tsHr;rpapy; ngUk; ghjpg;ig Vw;gLj;jp cs;sd. vdpDk; ,it vJTk; ekJ tptrha kf;fis nraypof;f nra;atpy;iy> mtHfis gytPdkhf;fp tplTkpy;iy. khwhf> rpwpyq;fh murpd; mf;fpukpg;Gk; mlf;FKiwAk; ekJ tptrhapfis jzpah tpLjiy Ntl;ifAld; jpuz; nlor; nra;Js;sd. Ik;gJ Mz;Lfs; vd;w FWfpa fhyj;jp;w;Fs;> rpwpyq;fh murpdhy; ekJ tptrhapfS f;F Vw;gl;Ls;s mopTfSk; rPHFiyTfSk; Jauq;fSk;>
ekJ kz;zpy; khngUk; Njrpa tpLjiy Nghuhl;lk; ntbj;J fpsk;Gtjw;fhd ce;J tpirf spy; xd;whf mike;Js;sd> ekJ tpLjiy Nghuhl;lj;ij jhq;fp epw;gtHfshfTk; mjd; capuhw;wyhfTk; mJ njhlHe;Jk; tPupaj;Jld; Kd; ndLf;fg;gLtjw;fhd kdpjtsj;ij toq;Ffpd;w Kf;fpa gpuptpduhfTk; ekJ
tptrha kf;fis khw;wpAs; sd. Mk;! ekJ tpLjiy Nghuhl;lj;jpd; Md;kh thf ekJ tptrhapfs; khwpapUf;fpd;;whHfs;. ekJNjrj;ij NrHe;j kf;fs; gphptpdhpy;> ekJ kz;zp;d kPJk; ekJ Ratho;tpd; kPJk; G+uz ,iwik nfhz;l jdpahd murpd; Njitia> kpf jPtpukhf czHfpd;wtHfshf ekJ tptrhapfs; tpsq;Ffpd; whHfs;. rpwpyq;fh murpd; Mf;fpukpg;gpdhYk; ,dmlf;F KiwapdhYk; jkJ tho;tpd; midj;J $WfSk;; jk;kplkpU e;J gwpf;fg;gl;Lk; rPHFiyf;fg; gl;Lk; cs;s epiyapy;> ekJ tptrhapfs; jkf;fhd nrhe;j murpd; kPJ> Mokhd MHtj; ijAk; tpUg;GWjpiaAk; nfhz;bUf;fpd;whHfs;. ,j;jifa muir mile;J nfhs;tjw;fhf> mtHfs; msg;ghpa jpahfq;fisAk; mHg;gzpg;GfisAk; nra;J tUfpd;whHfs;. Aj;j mopTf isAk; Jauq;fisAk; Rikf isAk; khngUk; typTld; jhq;fpathW> ekJNjr tpLjiy Nghuhl;lj;jpw;fhd kdpj tsq;fs; cl;gl> midj;J tsq;fisAk; toq;fp;tUtjpy;
(njhlHr;rp 7Mk; gf;fk;)
jkpoPok; - Ig;grp 2000


Page 5
,e;jpa gilapdH jk; Mf;fpukpg;Gg; mikjpg;gil
,e;jpa Mf;fpukpg;G Aj;jk;: 13 tUl Ntlj;ij fise;njwpe;J ek; Njrj;jpd; kPJ Aj;jj;ij fl;ltpo;;j;Jtpl;L 13 tUlq;fs; cUz;Nlhb tpl;ld. ekJ kz;zpy; ,e;jpa Mf;fpukpg;Gg; gilf;Fk; ,e;jpa kj;jpa murpw;Fk; fpilj;j gLNjhy;tpAk; gbg;gpidfSk;> cyf tuyhw;wpy; mtkhdfukhd Njhy;tpAw;w Mf;fpukpg;G rf;jpfspd; gl;baypy; mtHfis ,lk;ngw itj;Jtpl;lJ. xd;uiu ,yl;rk; gilfs;> fduf MAjq;fs;> ,iltplhj ,uz;L tUl mopj;njhopg;G eltbf;iffs; vjdhYNk mtHfspd; vz;zj;ij  mjd;ghw;gl;l flg;ghl;ilAk; $l epiwNtw;w epidf;ftpy;iy.
itj;j m N g h u rpq;fs flj;jpr;n ,yFthf KbAk;. , jtpHf;f K mtHfs; Mf;fpukp Maj;jkh mjw;fhd fhj;jpUe mbgzpa tpLjiyg mopj;Jt fl;bapUe tpLjiyi jpl;lk; nra
80 fSf;F Kd;dH K];yPk; kf;fs; xU r%fkhf (community) milahsg;gLj; jg;gl;ldH. 80 fspd; eLg;gFjp apy; mJ ,dj;Jtg; (Ethnicity) gz;GilajhfpaJ. K];yPk; nfhq;fpu]; fl;rpapd; Njhw;wk;> mjd; gyk; vd;gtw; why; ,J NkYk; cWjpg;gLfpd;wJ. jdp j;Jtkhd ,dj;Jtg; gz;gh dJ jplg;gl;L  mz;ikf;fhyq;fspy; nghJrd Kd;dzpf;Fk; A+vd; gpf;Fk; ,ilg;gl;l mjpfhug; Nghl;lh Nghl;b fhuzkhf Fwpg;ghf tlfpof;F K];yPk; fspdJk; K];yPk;nfhq;fpu]; fl;rpapdJk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; NkYk; mjpfupj;jJ. K];yPk; nfhq;fpu]; fl;rp ngw;w ,e;j Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij jkpouRf; fl;rp 60fspy; nfhz;bUe;j murpay; Nguk;NgRk; gz;Gf;Fk;
cly;eype;J> Fly; nte;J tPukuzk; va;jpa jpyPgdpd; nfhs;ifcWjpapd; n g W k j p a h d J > fhe;jpatopia tUlhe;jk; nfhz;lhL;k; ,e;jpa MSq;FOkj;jpw;F xU nghUl;lhf Njhd;;wtpy;iy. Fkug;gh> GNye;jpud; mlq;fpa 19 Nghuhspfspd; capHfSk; m t H f S f ; F nghUl;lhftpy;iy. kpfTk; ,yFthf jtpHj;jpUf;f Ntz;ba ,og;Gfis Ntz;Lnkd;Nw ,tHfs; mDkjpj;jdH. kpuh[; tpkhdq;fis mDg;gp rpwpyq;fh muir kpul;bg;gzpa
K];yPk; Njrk;: mtrug;gzpfs;
mtH xg;gpLtJ Fwpg;gpl;ls tpw;F rupahdNj. ,Ue;Jk; xt;nthU Njrpa ,af;fKk; jdJ nrhe;j mDgtq;fspDh lhf gazpf;fpd;wJ vd;w ajhHj;ij kjpg;gpl;L> Vw;Wf; nfhz;L> mjdjd; jdpj;Jtg; gz;GfSld; Njrq;fSf;fp ilapyhd rkj;Jtj;ij ehk; cWjpg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.
K];yPk;fspd; Njrpa ,af;fkh dJ tuyhw;W mtrpaj;jpy; vOe;jjhFk;. jkJ Kd;dzp murpay; jiytiu vjpHghuhj tpjj;jpy; K];yPk; Njrk; ,oe;jhYk;> cldbahfNth fhyk;jho;j;jpNah jkf;fhd jiyikia cUthf;FtJk;> rkfhy murpay; epfo;Tg;Nghf; Ffspy; gykhf jhf;fk; nrYj; JtJk; jtpH;f;fKbahjjhFk;. me;jtifapy;> fle;jfhy rhjf ghjf gbg;gpidfspd;
mDgtj;j Nghuhl;lj Nehf;fpY tYkpf;fj vd;gJ cW
ve;jnth jiyika j;jpid gpu tjhfNt , tpUg;G nt ,Uf;fhJ. ikahd j gyg;gLj;J jpd; ve;jn tpl;Lf;nf epw;gjpYk Njrpa cu cynfq;F gyg;gLj;j jpul;Ltjp me;jtif NjrKk; mj 5

gilfs; Mf;fpukpg;G Aj;jk;: 13 tUlq;fs;
“mikjpfhf;f” te;J ek;kz;zpy; nfhz;L Ftpj;j NghuhAjq;fspd; msTk; fdjpAk; mtHfspd; Nehf;fj;ij md;Nw cWjpg;gLj;jptpl;ld. me;epa Mf;fpukpg;ghsHfspd; fdTfs; ,Wjpapy; jtpLnghbahdJ. vkJ kf;fsJ jPuh Rje;jpu jhfk;. tpLjiyg;Gypfspd; tpl;Lf;nfhlhj tPuQ;nrwpe;j
y; nte;J jpyPgdpd; jpapd; h d J > Ulhe;jk; ,e;jpa ;F xU ;;wtpy;iy. ; mlq;fpa apHfSk; f ; F . kpfTk; j;jpUf;f g;Gfis ,tHfs;
nfupy;yh Nghuhl;lk;. jpyPgd;> md;idG+gjp Nghd;wtHfs; jk;ik cUf;fp mspj;j jhHkPf gyk;. NjrtpLjiyapd; cWjpAk; MHtKk; nfhz;l ek; kf;fs; rf;jpapd; tw;whj gq;fspg;Gfs;. K];yPk; kf;fSk; mtHfsJ murpay; jiyikfSk; Mw;wpa Fwpg;ghd ghj;jpuq;fs;. jkpof kf;fspd; xd;wpize;j cWjpahd MjuT. vdg; gyfhuzq;fs; ,t;ntw;wpapd; gpd;dzpahFk;. vd;nwd;Wk; epidT $uj;jf;f tuyhw;W epfo;Tfs; ,it. ,g;NghJk;
s mDg;gp l;bg;gzpa
ekJ Njrpa tpLjiyg; Nghuhl; lj;ij Kwpabf;f . . .
wpg;gpl;ls ,Ue;Jk; af;fKk; q;fspDh wJ vd;w ;L> Vw;Wf; dpj;Jtg; q;fSf;fp j;ij ehk; ;Lk;.
,af;fkh rpaj;jpy; Kd;dzp jpHghuhj Pk; Njrk; ahfNth jkf;fhd f;FtJk;> o;Tg;Nghf; ;fk; nrYj; hjjhFk;. le;jfhy idfspd;
itj;j mtHfSf;F ,e;j N g h u h s p f i s rpq;fsg;gilfs; flj;jpr;nry;tij kpf ,yFthfNt jtpHj;jpUf;f KbAk;. ,Ue;Jk;> mtHfs; jtpHf;f Kaytpy;iy. fhuzk; mtHfs; Vw;fdNt Mf;fpukpg;G Aj;jj;jpw;F Maj;jkhf te;jpUe;jdH. mjw;fhd tha;g;Gf;fhf fhj;jpUe;jdH. jkf;F mbgzpa kWj;j tpLjiyg;Gypfis G+z;NlhL mopj;Jtpl fq;fzk; fl;bapUe;jdH. jkpoPo tpLjiyia rpijj;jpl jpl;lk; nra;jpUe;jdH. ,e;jpag;
njhlHr;rp 7k; gf;fk; ghHf;f
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Njrpaf;Nfhupf;iffis Nghuhl;lj;ij ePz;l fhy
cWjpahf Kd;itj;J Nehf;fpYk; Kd;dpYk;
mlf;fg;gLk; xt;nthU tYkpf;fjhfTk; elhj;Jk;
NjrKk; mjw;fhf tpl;Lf;nfh vd;gJ cWjp.
lhJ Nghuhl Ntz;Lk;. ,Nj
ve;jnthU Njrj;jpdKk; jiyikapd; flik> mj;Njr j;jpid gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;J tjhfNt ,Uf;Fk;. vtUila tpUg;G ntWg;gpw;Fkhf mJ ,Uf;fhJ. NkYk; mtruf;fl ikahd jk;Njrj;ij jpul;bg; gyg;gLj;JtjhFk;. jk; Njrj; jpd; ve;jnthU cupikiaAk; tpl;Lf;nfhlhJ cWjpahf epw;gjpYk;> jkJ rl;lG+Ht Njrpa cupikfis cs;Sk;> cynfq;Fk; epiyehl;bg; gyg;gLj;jp MjuTfisj; jpul;LtjpYk; 

Page 6
“rl;l tpNuhj” jug;gpdhpd; ,izTk Gul;rpf;fhd mbj;jsKk;
INuhg;gpah; ek;ik Mf;fpukpf; Fk; Kd;dh;>  eph;thf> nghUshjhu tho; itf; nfhz;lth;fshapUe; Njhk;. ekJ kf;fs; jkf;Ff; fpilf;fg;ngWk; %ytsq;f isf; nfhz;Lk;> jkJ Mw;wypd; vy;iyf;Fl;gl;Lk; cw;gj;jp eltbf;iffspy;  cs;S h;gad;ghl;i l ikag;gLj; jpa ku tpahghuk;> rhuhak; tbj;jy; . . . Nghd;w ,d;W “jil” nra;ag;gl;bUf; Fk; njhopy; eltbf;iffs; ahTk; md;W ekJ kf;fs; Rje; jpukhf  mJTk; Fwpg;ghf xw;iwahl;rp kw;Wk; jpl;lkpl;l epHthf Kiwikf Sf;F vk;ik cl;gLj;jpa Mq;fpNyah;> ekJ RNjrpa nghUshjhuj;ij rpijj;J mjd; kPJ jkJ nfhydpj;Jt nghUshjhuj;ij ];jhgpj;j dh;. ,jd; fhuzkhf ekJ kf; fspd; tho;Tf;fhd Mjhukh fj; jpfo;e;j ngUk;ghyhd nghUshjhu eltbf;iffs; Njf;fKw ;Wk; rpijTz;Lk; Nghapd.
fly;rhh; th;j;jfj;ijAk; rhuha tpahghuj;ijAk; Mq;fp
md;GilaPH> jq;fs; gj;jphpiff;F md;gspg;G nra;a tpUk;GfpNwd;. vdpDk; fbjj;jpy; gzk; itj;J mDg;GtJ rl;ltpNuhjkhk;. ,q;Nf vd;d rl;l tpNuhjk; ,y;yhky; ele;NjWfpwJ. vdNt gbg;gJk; rl;ltpNuhjkhf ,Ug;gpd; jtwpy;iy vd;W nehz;br; rhl;Lf; $wp jpUg;jpg;gl;L nfhs;s Ntz;baJ jhd;. jkpoPoj;jpd; tuit vjph;ghh;f;fpNwd;.
tstd; tTdpah md;GilaPh;> vdf;F fpilf;Fk; gpujpia Nghl;Nlhg; gpujp vLj;J MHtK s;stHfSld; gfpHe;J nfhs;fp Nwd;. cq;fs; ntspaPLfisj; njhlHe;Jk; ngWtjw;Fk; ehd; Mh;tkhapUf;fpNwd;.
,we;Jk; n kuzj;Jl ehk; Kjypy; njspthd rpe;jid
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vjphpfs; v tJ> tsHj;Jf; nfhs;tJ Kf;fp
ahsk; fh akhdjhf ,Uf;fpwJ. nghJ
gpsTz;L thf vy;yhj; jug;gpYk; ntWk;
,lk; vg;Ng czHr;rpkakhd Njrk; gw;wpa>
e;jjhf , tpLjiy NfhNyhr;rp mJ tpisTfs; fz;L r%fj;ijg; Ml;rpapypUe;j rpfshy; jdpegiu ,g;NghJ fs;. Kbj;Jtpl;Lk; ngUk; te;jpUf;fpwJ Vw;gLj;jpa njhlq;fp ,f;fl;lhd tUfpNwhk;. epuk;gp jj;jspj;J gw;wpa tsHj;J Nkhrkhdnjd te;jpUf;fpd;wd. nghWj;jtiuAk;
K];ypk; nrd;wpUf;fpwhH. murpay; tope;jJjhd;. fUj;Jf;fNs
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K];ypk; N Njr tpLj
6
Nyah; jkf;F gpujhd tUthaPl; bj; jUk; Jiwfshf jhNk Nkw;nfhz;L te;jjhy; ekJ kf;fshy; Nkw;nfhz;L tug;gl;l fly; tzpfKk; rhuha cw;gj;jpAk; jkf;F Nghl;bahf ,Ug;gjhf Mq;fpy muR fz;lJ.
INuhg;ghtpy; cw;gj;jpahd rhuhaKk; itd; Nghd;w kJgh dq;fSk; cs;Sh; re;ijia Mf;fpukpj;jd. cs;Sh; cw;gj; jpf;F “fs;sr;” rhuhak; vd Kj;jpiu Fj;jg;gl;lJ. kf;fs; jkJ Kw;wj;jpYs;s gidap Yk; njd;idapYk; ghis rPTtjw;Fk; $l thp tpjpf;fg;gl;lJ. fly; tzpfk; Rq;f ,yhfhtpd; fl;Lg;ghl;Lf; Fs; nfhz;L tug;gl;lJ. fhLfs; tdj;Jiw my;yJ fhl;L ,yhfh vdg;gLk; myfplk; xg;gilf;fg;gl;lJ. kf;fs; jkJ Njitf;fhf jkJ gpuNjr fhLfspy; ,Ue;J kuq;fis ntl;bnaLg;gjw;F> jkJ tdtsj;ij cgNahfp g;gjw;F nfhydpj;Jt muR jil tpjpj;jJ. ,jd; kWGwk; Mq;fpy ehl;L gpui[fSf; Fk;> Mq;fpNyaiu mz;b tho;e;j cs;Sh; Mjpf;f gphptpdUf;Fk; cs;Sh; kf;f spd;tsq;f is Ruz;L tjw;F “rl;l mq;fPfhuk;” toq;fg;gl;lJ.
fhyq;fhykhf jhk; Nkw;nfh
z;L te;j t spd; kPJ jhy;> jkJ elhj;Jt fis ng nfhydpj isAk; kPw njhopy;f Ntz;ba js;sg;gl
,t;thW njhlh;e;j jth;fs;> isj; jw “rl;ltp Nu  r lid to epy;yhJ “ vDk; Kj r%fj;jpd e;Nj ,th;f gjw;fhd iffisA
tl jkpo tzpfk; kp fTk; gpuNj fhj;jpuk te;jJ. f ty;ntl;b Jiw> fhq q;fs; rpw RahjPd f nfhydpj tpjpj;jjh l;lth;fs
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jhy;> jkJ tho;itf; nfhz;L ;nfhz;L
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fis ngw;wpuhj epiyapy;; ; jkf;F
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rpe;jid pf; nfhs; J Kf;fp . nghJ k; ntWk; k; gw;wpa> ;Jf;fNs ;fpd;wd. Lj;Jfpw jd ehk; K];ypk; tiuAk; y; czHr; ;jJjhd;. l;ltHfs; epw;fpwhH tj;jtH f;fpwhH. piyf;F ; r%fk;. ; epug;ghJ ;Fk; fhyk; m\;ug;
Ntz;ba epiyf;F kf;fs; js;sg;gl;ldh;.
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isj; jwpj;jth;fs; ahtUk; gidap
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 rpiwapyilj;J jz; g;ghl;Lf;
lid toq;fpaJ. mj;Jld; g;gl;lJ.
epy;yhJ “r%f tpNuhjpfs;” my;yJ
vDk; Kj;jpiuiaAk; Fj;jp dg;gLk;
r%fj;jpd; nghJtho;tpypU g;gl;lJ.
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iffisAk; Nkw;nfhz;lJ. g;gjw;F> gNahfp t muR ; kWGwk; [fSf; u mz;b Mjpf;f ;Sh; kf;f ;Ltjw;F ;fPfhuk;”
tl jkpoPoj;jpy;> fly; top tzpfk; kpfTk; gpugy;akhdjh fTk; gpuNjr nghUshjhuj;jpy; fhj;jpukhd gq;F tfpj;Jk; te;jJ. fly; top tzpfj;jpy; ty;ntl;bj;Jiw> gUj;jpj; Jiw> fhq;Nfrd;Jiw gpuNjr q;fs; rpwg;Gw;Wj; jpfo;e;jd. RahjPd fly; tzpfj;Jf;F nfhydpj; Jt muR jil tpjpj;jjhy;; nghpJk; ghjpf;fg;g ; Nkw;nfh
l;lth;fs; ,g;gpuNjrj;Jf; ,we;Jk; nghUshthH. mthpd; kuzj;Jld; ,d;Dk; czHr;rp fs; jhd; fl;b vOg;gg;gLk;. vjphpfs; vd ,d;Dk; gyH mil ahsk; fhzg;gLtH. gpsTz;L gpsTz;L Ngha; Ngha;r; NrUfpw ,lk; vg;NghJk; jdpj;Jtk; epiw e;jjhf ,Uf;fg; Nghtjpy;iy. K];ypk; Njrk; gw;wpa fUJ Nfhs; $l re;jHg;gq;fs; Vw;gLj; jpa tpisTjhd; md;wp K];;ypk; fspd; epjhdpj;j xd;Wgl;l mgp; yhi\ my;y. vg;NghJ Nghuhl;l rf;jpfs; Fwpg;ghf Gypfs; K];ypk;fis KO vjphpfshf milahsg;gLj;jj; njhlq;fp dhHfNsh mg;NghJ NtNwhU Gwj;jpypUe;J K];ypk; Njrk; Fwpj;j fUJNfhs; ntspg;glyh apw;W. mJ jkpo;j; Njr tpLjiy f;fhd xU tuyhw;Wj; Njit ahf khw;wk; ngw;wJjhd; ehk; mtjhdpf;f Ntz;baJ. K];ypk; Njrk; gw;wpa rpe;jid Njr tpLjiy gw;wpa epjhdpj;j
flNyhbfNs. “,ufrpakhf” fly; tzpfj;jpy;  jdJ gq;Ff;F jkpo;f; flNyhbfis NkYk; jPtpukhf Ntl;ilahlj; njhlq; fpaJ. ,e;epiyapy;> Rq;f ,yhfhtpdJk; flw;fz; fhzpg;Gg; gilapdJk; gpbapyp Ue;J jw;fhj;Jf; nfhs;tjw; fhf jk;ik MAjghzpahf; fpf; nfhz;L njhopiy Kd;ndLf;f Ntz;ba epiy flNyhbfSf;F Vw;gl;lJ.
,g;gbahf> MAjq;fisAk; ntbkUe;JfisAk; Nrfhpj;J ghJfhf;Fk;> mtw;iwg; gpuNah fpg;gjpy; ghpr;raKs;sth;f shd xU gphptpdh; flNyhbfs; kj;jpapypUe;J cUg;ngw;wdh;. xU fl;lj;jpw;F Nky; rpyh; Njlg;gLgth;fshfp Kw;wpYk; jiykiwT tho;f;if Kiw ikf;Fj; js;sg;gLfpd;wdh;.
flNyhbfisg; Nghd;Nw rhuhak; tbg;Nghh; kw;Wk; kuk; jwpg;Nghh; gphptpdhpilNaAk; ,j;jifa ghpkhzq;fs; Vw;gL fpd;wd. ,g;gphptpdh; jkf;fhd “rl;ltpNuhj” jsq;fis Vw;gLj;jpf;nfhs;sj; njhlq;F
njhlHr;rp 7k; gf;fk; ghHf;f
mwpthHe;j Njly; nfhz;l xU rpyuhNy Kd;itf;fg;gl;lij ehk; fhz;fpNwhk;. K];ypk; fhq;fpuNrh Vida K];ypk; murpay; jiytHfNsh ,ij vhpfpw tPl;by;gpLq;fpaJ yhgk; vd;w nfhs;ifapy; mDfpdhH fNs jtpu Ntnwe;j murpay; QhdNkh> mf;fiwNah mtHf splk; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. K];ypk; fhq;fpu]; jd;id re;jHg;gq;f isg; gad;gLj;jp ed;whfNt tsHj;Jf;nfhz;lJ. ,J jkpo; NgRk; kf;fsplj;jpy; Vw;gLj;jpa rhjf ghjf tpisTfSf;F jkpo; murpaYk; jhd;. nghWg;G. K];yPk; fhq;fpu]; jd;id Njrpa mstpy; K];;ypk;fspd; rhHgpy; gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;j Kad;W Njhw;Wg; NghdJ. mJ fl;rp murpaypd; rfy FsWgbfSf;Fk; cl;gl;lJ. ,g;NghJ m\;ugpd; kiwtpd; gpd;
njhlHr;rp 7k; gf;fk; ghHf;f
jkpoPok; - Ig;grp 2000


Page 7
tptrhapfs;...
Kjd;ikahd kf;fs; gpuptpduhf ekJ tptrhapfs; jpfo;fpd;whh;fs;. mlf;FKiwapd; nfhLe;jisfSf;Fs;spUe;Jk; mopTr; rpijTfSf;Fs;spUe;Jk; mtHfs; kj;jpapy; Cw;nwLf;fpd;w MNt\ czHTfs;> rpwpyq;fh murpd; kPJk; mjd; Mf;fpukpg;G gilfspd; kPJk; ,yf;F itf;fg;gl;l $upa> typikahd fiytbtq;fshf jpuz;Ls;sd. ekJ kz;;zpy;> ekJ kf;fspdhy; epWtg;gltpUf;fpd;w jkpoPo kf;fs; FbauR vd;gJ> mbg;gilapy; tptrha rhuj;ij nfhz;l Fbaurhf mikAk;. ekJ Fbaurpd; nghUshjhukhdJ> RarhHG jd;ikAila tptrhaj;ij mbj;jskhf nfhz;ljhf mikAk;. ekJ Fbaurpd; murpay; KiwikahdJ> epyj;jpd; kPJk; mjd; cw;gj;jpapd; kPJk; ekJ tptrhapfspd; fl;Lg;ghl;il cWjpg;gLj;Jtjhf mikAk;. ekJ tptrha kf;fspd; tho;tpypUe;J gpwe;j> gpwf;fpd;w fyhr;rhu tbtq;fs; ekJNjrpa fyhr;rhuj;jpd; gpujhd $whf cs;slf;fg;gLk;. ,t;thW ekJ jkpoPo kf;fs; FbaurhdJ> mtrpakhfTk; ,ay;ghfTk; tptrha cs;slf;fj;ij nfhz;l Fbaurhf gupzkpf;Fk;!
tujd;
rl;l tpNu (4Mk; gf;f njhlHr;rp...)
fhj;jpUf;Fk; Mjpf;f rf;jpfis vjpHnfhs;s ,e;j mDgtq;fis nropg;ghf tsHj;njLj;Jf; nfhs;Nthk;. ekJ kf;fSf;Fs; Mokhd gpsTfisAk; tpNuhjq;fisak; Nfh\;b Nkhjy;fisAk; tpijf;f ,e;jpa kj;jpa muR vj;jidNah cj;jpfisf; ifahz;lJ. vk;ktHfisf; nfhz;Nl vk;kf;fis Ntl;ilahbaJ. ,uz;lhapuk; kf;fs; kPJ Fz;Lfisg; nghope;J nfhd;W Ftpj;jJ. ek;Njrj;jpd; cs;sff; fl;Lkhzq;fs; midj; ijAk; jiukl;lkhf;fpaJ. ,e;j mopj;njhopg;Gfis vg;gb nra;J Kbg;gnjd;w topKiwfis rpq;fs gilfSf;Fk; fw;gpj;Jr; nrd;wJ. ,Wjpapy; ,e;jpag;gil Njhw;NwhbaJ kl;Lky;y> mjw;fhd ghupa tpiyfis mg;NghJk; mjw;Fk; gpd;Gk; mtHfNs nrYj;j Ntz;bapUe;jJ. ,g;NghJk; me;j Mjpf;f rpe;jidAk; nraw;ghLfSk; mtHfis tpl;Lg;Nghftpy;iy. vk; Njrj;jpd; ,iwikia Ntl;ilahb tUk; vjpup murpd; ,iwikia ,tHfs; Fj;jiff;f vLj;Jf; fhg;ghw; wg; Nghtjhff; $wp vkJ ,iwikia jPa;f;fg;Nghtjhf mwpf;if Nky; mwpf;if tpLfpd;whHfs;. muRf;Fk;-muRf;Fk; ,ilapyhd cwntd;fpwhHfs;. kdpjhgpkhd cjtp vd;fpwhHfs;. kypthd NghuhAj tpahghunkd;fpwhHfs;. ,tw;wpd; cs;shHe;j mHj;j nkd;gij  Nghu ifa mur dUk; ,i dh;. Gul;r rl;lKiw nraw;gLg apy;> Gul;r dhy; ghj gphpT ,i #oy; mj ekJ Njr lj;jpd; nj ,j;jif lj;jf;f m
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MAjg; N Nghuhl;lNkh murpaNyh
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Page 8
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