Page 1
Tamil
TIME
Wo XW No.9 ISSN (256-4488 i5 SEPTEM
The crash of the Russian-built Antonow-32 killing 80
The Case of the Floating Bodies
5. Las (Cance for Peace
Nationalist Extremism and Political Moderation
lacking the is Moala
Leove us alone to Decide Our Fote
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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soldiers and the crew or board remains a mystery
É LICEREBUIE CINC INICIALITETE
The Politics of Territory, Border, and Settlements
The Great Escape
Assassination Plot
May Offensive in The Nord
Emergence of Economic Nationalism in India

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2 TAMIL TIMES
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15 SEPTEMBER 1995
do not agree with a word of what you say... but it defend to the death your
right to say it. . .
1. - voltaire,
ISSN 0266-4488
Vol.XIV No.9 15 SEPTEMBER 1995
Published by
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CONTENTS
NeWS Review. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.
The Case of the Tortured Floating Bodies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Escaping from the Jaws of Death. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
The Last Chance for Peace. . . . . 13
The Politics of Territory,
Border and Settlements. . . . . . . 16
"Leave uS Alone to Decide Our Fate'. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Missing the Point. . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 The Reality of the LTTE Must be Recognised. . . . . . . . . . 23 The Sub-Continental Scene. . . . 24 The Great Escape. . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Jayalalitha Holds Wedding Extravaganza. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
The Peoples All Kumaratunga was flagrant human ri previous regiте. the human righ recognition from 1
Even as the pe practice of gove Country abducting burning on streets bygone era, thre float again in lake, Worst human riigi returned.
At the beginnir any group. How Carried out and th the irresistible Co. Which had Subst
The recent dis police Service th Police and the Mi have had the eff its reputation. Th of the bodies oft parliament dem government.
The fact that killings were car tortured and stan previous regime denials. And the are already unde appear to indicat this brutality.
For many year degree of autonc been held respc disappearances the anti-JVPCOu
The impunity v acts in the past manner in carry Custody and sum in public. Addres Kumaratunga sa Serving in the for my Ministers.' T.
While the gove linspector Gener killings carried o rungs of the forc these brutalities are accomplices Even if they clair are guilty of gro
The governme this issue. lt mu justice everyone
 
 

TAM TIMES 3
turn of the Nightmare
ance government under the leadership of Chandrika returned to power on the promise to end the dark days of hts abuses that characterised many years of rule by the he measures it adopted after it assumed office to improve situation received justifiable acknowledgement and oth local and international human rights organisations.
ople were getting used to the idea that the nightmarish rnment-sponsored death squads roaming around the torturing and brutally killing them and leaving their bodies , hanging from trees and floating in rivers was a thing of a months ago, mutilated and disfigured bodies began to and rivers around the capital reminiscent of the country's its nightmare. The phenomenon of death squads had
g, it appeared difficult to place responsibility on anyone or 2ver, the manner in which these macabre killings were e methodology adopted to dispose of the bodies led one to nclusion that behind these killings was an organised group antial resources at its Command.
closures made by the Inspector General of the country's at it was elements within the Special Task Force of the litary Intelligence that was responsible for the brutal killings act of severely embarrassing the government and sullying e audacity with which these elements chose to dump some heir victims to float in the lake that surrounds the country's onstrated that they in fact wanted to embarrass the
he Inspector General of Police openly admitted that the ried out at the STF headquarters after the victims being sedis itselfa radical departure from past practice under the when everything was swept under the carpet with blanket fact that many officers of the STF and Military Intelligence r custody and many more are under investigation would that the government is determined to get to the bottom of
s the STF has been allowed to operate with a substantial my and unaccountability. During these years, the STF has nsible by human rights organisations for thousands of particularly in the eastern province and during the height of nter insurgency campaign in the south of the country. fith which they were allowed to continue with their criminal has given them the confidence to continue in the same ng out illegal and indiscriminate arrests, torture those in marily execute them in secret and dump the victims' bodies sing a recent meeting of senior police officers, President id, "Those who led the killer squads in the past are still ce. If they get an opportunity, they would eliminate me and is is a dangerous state of affairs for any country to be in. rnment's action in bringing the STF under the control of the til of Police is welcome, the present investigation into the it at the STF headquarters must not be limited to the lower . It is hard to believe that those at the top were unaware of that were being perpetrated under their own noses. They in the crime either by participation or by turning a blind eye. that they were unaware of what was happening, then they s dereliction of their duty. it's commitment to the protection of the people is on trial on it be unrelenting in its resolve to investigate and bring to of those responsible irrespective of their positions.

Page 4
4 TAM TIMES
NEWS REVIEW
Military Offensive
The much predicted government offensive in northern Jaffna was launched with "Operation Handshake 2 on 12 September backed by an estimated 25,000 troops. Though the defense establishment claimed it as a limited operation to destroy LTTE's mortar positions in the vicinity of the Palaly military base, and secure it from Tiger attacks, reports indicate that the offensive is intended to capture more territory within the peninsula.
The LTTE's recent mortar fire on the strategic Palaly air base on 3 September created panic in defence circles who were under the impression that the runway and the airfield was out of the Tigers' range. The air force recently purchased Russian Antonov 32 aircraft fitted with anti-missile systems to dodge LTTE's stinger missiles. The area around Palaly was claimed to have been expanded during the July offensive to keep the Tigers at bay from the runway. But the mortar fire, however, proved that the airport continued to be vulnerable, defence analysts said.
There have been reports that heavy shelling directed from the Palaly base and the Karainagar naval base directed at populated areas of the peninsula has resulted in many civilian casualties and displacement of thousands of people. On 17 September the army claimed that the operation was still continuing and the forces were consolidating their positions in the newly captured areas.
They also claimed that the troops advanced about 10 kilometres south of Palaly and destroyed three LTTE bases at Punnalaikkadduwan, Erlalai and Malakam.
The LTTE had previously warned the people of the impending offensive, and mounted a series of attacks in the eastern province where several army camps were closed and troops had reportedly been withdrawn to augment the northern offensive.
Though the deputy defence minister, Anuruddha Ratwatte dismissed reports of difference of opinion and cliques in the army, some defence columnists in Colombo recently wrote that there were different views on launching of an offensive against the Tigers in Jaffna before monsoon. One faction of the officers said that northeast monsoon would impede any major action by the army. They feel that monsoon would only be advantageous to the LTTE whose cadres were famil
iar with the weat officers said any o Tigers should bel the onset of the m the top brass of a fresh supplies of tion are yet to rea Defence analysts an navy, which hau of the beating at til Tigers, has been firepower. It lost including a comm Israeli made Dvora
The Pilar
- 80
The military estal major setback in i offensive in northe of its recently acc Antonov-32 milita out eighty-one sc crew crashed int September off the Lanka. The aircral the sea 23 miles Ja-ela, Negombo, k gers and crew.
The AN-32, bol military base in n had taken off from seven miles south ingrain when, with take off, it disap screens, said Briga singhe, a militar) plane was carrying ned offensive in th
Nearly four hou disappeared, rescu sighted an oil s cigarette cartons, was seen. Later it the plane was locat the sea.
Sri Lanka had Antonov-32 planes missile systems onl after Tigers had Avro aircraft with siles.
Although there is the cause of the c established and a c been appointed to tigations. The pil plane was 33-yearRajasingham Pakia the Air Force in 19
The short exch pilot and the radar that the pilot ref problem with the il “would like to desce Ratmalana' and so Shortly thereafter the screen. No dist was received from

her conditions. The fensive against the lunched well before onsoon. A section of rmy also feels that arms and ammunich soldiers.
said the Sri Lankearlier taken most he hands of the Sea steadily losing its at least five ships and ship and two S
ie Crash (illed
lishment suffered a is projected military rn Jaffna when one uired Russian-built ry aircraft with abldiers, sailors and (o the sea on 13 west coast of Sri it fell 8,000 feet into off the coast, near illing all its passen
und for the Palali orthern Sri Lanka, Ratmalana airport, of Colombo, in drivin 10 minutes from peared from radar dier Sarath Muna7 spokesman. The troops for a plan2 north.
rs after the plane aircraft and ships lick and floating but no wreckage was confirmed that ed at the bottom of
purchased three fitted with antiy a few months ago brought down two surface-to-air mis
much speculation, ash has yet to be burt of inquiry has undertake invest of the ill-fated ld Captain Ranjan nathan who joined 31.
nge between the ontroller indicates rred to a 'small strument, and he ld and get back to ght confirmation. he plane went off ess radio message he pilot.
15 SEPTEMBER 195
Commenting on the probable cause of the crash, Director of Operations of the Sri Lanka Air Force, Commc- re Jayalath Weerakkody told the reporters that no definite conclusion can be made at this point and that a Court of Inquiry had been appointed to go into the incident. He pointed out that the exchange between the ill-fated aircraft and the control centre moments before the crash suggests that the crash was due to bad weather conditions in the area coupled with the instrument problems the aircraft had reported shortly after take-off. The Pilot on being informed that there was a patch of bad weather ahead had indicated that he was returning to Ratmalana as he was having an instrument problem
Weerakkody said the final air speed reported by the aircraft of 700 kilometres per hour far exceeded the air frame limitation of 540 kilometres per hour, which might have led to the crash. He ruled out the possibility that the aircraft was hit by missile fired by the Tigers. Answering suggestions of an explosion caused within the aircraft, Weerakkody said there was no evidence to suggest breaking in midair, in such situations the debris would be spread out over a distance. He said a helicopter and a Y-12 aircraft which had flown over the area where the plane is believed to have come dow had only observed some cigarett boxes and clothing floating. The are: has a depth of about 1000 feet and it is unlikely that anyone would have survived the crash.
Newspapers in Colombo have speculated that a bomb might have been planted in one of the four large boxes of 73 kg of cigarettes aboard the plane. They were taken to Ratmalana airport at 4am by two policemen - one Sinhalese and the other a Tamil - for use by policemen located at the Palaly airbase. The boxes were opened and checked thoroughly before being loaded into the plane. However, the background of the two policemen was being checked, Weerakkody said.
That the pilot carried a Tamil name gave rise to some mischievous reporting in some predictable newspapers in Colombo. Even suggestions such as that he undertook a suicide mission on behalf of the Tigers and that he held a party before the flight have been reported in these papers.
Amidst the unbearable pain, the pilot's family have also had to face insulting and distressing rumours. The aggrieved father of the pilot Ranjan Pakianathan said, 'We have been told that since Ranjan was a Tamil, he had crashed the plane on purpose. I think this is the worst insult that my

Page 5
15 SEPTEMBER 1995
son can get, specially after sacrificing so much and finally even his life, for the country. Normally we would have treated all these comments as third rate gossip, but at this moment, with all the pain we are going through, it is unbearable.'
Denying the story of the alleged party' he had given "to celebrate his first flight as Captain of the AN-32', his father said that the party was given by some others in connection with their promotion. This was not his first AN-32 flight, in fact, it was his third to be captained by him. If he was an LTTE man as suggested, he had more opportunities to do greater harm previously when very higherups, including Presidents not excluding the present President had travelled in planes piloted by him on several occasions.
The deputy defence minister, Col. Anuruddha Ratwatte was quoted by newspapers as saying that the crash was neither a case of sabotage nor an attack by the LTTE. The minister said that the aircraft had run into very bad weather and the instruments would have failed referring to the pilot's message before the crash to the radar controller. Either the plane went out of control or there was an engine failure, the minister said adding that all aspects of the disaster were being probed. The pilot had told the control about failing instruments, the minister said.
Sri Lanka has asked India and other unidentified foreign governments to help retrieve the remains of the crashed plane which is reported to be lodged on the sea-bed, according to an air force spokesman.
Civil Aviation Suspended
Sri Lanka has suspended all domestic civilian, commercial and training flights as from 15 September. It was claimed by government spokesman that this measure had been taken following information allegedly revealed by arrested LTTE suspects that they were to hire or hijack a private domestic plane and use it to blast Colombo's Parliamentary complex.
Air Force Commodore Jayalath Weerakkody told reporters that a ban on domestic flights was not linked with the AN-32 plane crash, but allegedly stemmed from a plan by Tamil Tigers to bomb parliament.
Military sources claimed that on the basis of information provided by LTTE suspects in custody, the Tigers planned to board an aircraft at the Ratmalana domestic airport and crash it on a suicide mission into the parliament while it was in session. "I would not
rule that out, We you fly two-seater C can squeeze in a baggage. That's let sive.”
The suspension however does not a flights in any way tions would continu There are ten dc the country who ar the ban on domest have been looking business from next tourist season begir
The Hija “ris M
It is now established of the ferry Iris Mc on 28 August was planned ruse to dra navy in a sea bat navy's gunboats an damage as possible navy.
The LTTE hijack sea off Mullaitivu i Lanka. The ferry crew was carrying were travelling frc Karaitivu. The vess Rehabilitation Min regular use to ope between Trincomal carry people trave southern mainlanc ment held islands peninsula. Cadres ples Democratic anti-LTTE group l vananda, have beel nistering this ferry Shortly after 6 ‘Iris Moana” set sa ing north with all men, 58 women an 7 years of age. Apa Loyala-Fernando, other crewmen - f. Sinhalese - most o personnel. The ves, Karaitivu island at ing day.
One of the pass subsequently told as to how the LTTE in mid-sea off the At about 2.30 am asleep, he woke up explosion or gunf armed women on They said, "Don't from the women', Tigers.' Thereafte passengers to get ( about 5 pm all t reached the shore. gers were held as h

TAMIL TIMES 5
rakkody said. “If ssna aircraft, you undred pouds of hal if it is explo
f domestic flights fect international and these opera
as normal.
mestic carriers in concerned about ic flights as they forward to good month when the
S
cking of Oana
that the hijacking ana' by the Tigers an elaborate well w the Sri Lankan ble to destroy the d to inflict as much on the Sri Lankan
2d the vessel in mid n north-eastern Sri with an eight-man 136 civilians, who Im Trincomalee to el chartered by the istry has been in }rate ferry service ee and Karaitivu to illing between the and the governsituated off Jaffna of the Eelam PeoParty (EPDP), an ed by Douglas Dein charge of admiservice.
pm on 28 August, l unescorted headits passengers - 83 15 children under rt from its Captain, there were seven ur Tamils and four them former navy el was to reach the 5 am on the follow
engers, Nadarajah, Jaffna newspapers hijacked the vessel oast of Mullaitivu. when he was fast to the sound of an re and saw some board the vessel. be afraid, we are
wing of the Sea they asked all the n to their boats. At he passengers had None of the passenostages on the ferry
as claimed by the military.
Meanwhile, the army's directorate of military intelligence had sent out a warning to the navy that there were signs that an LTTE ship would begin unloading weapons for the Tigers somewhere near Mullaitivu on Tuesday, 29 August. Following this information (which later turned out to be another ruse, the navy's largest warship, SLNS Jayasagara' (P-601) and two Israeli-built fast attack gunboats, Super Dvora (P-463) and Dvora (p-458) were despatched to the area.
At 1.15pm on the same day the "Iris Moana' was spotted anchored about one-and-a-half miles from the Mullaitivu beach. The Super Dvora headed towards the ferry and navy men had not seen Sea Tiger boats around the ferry until the last moment. The Sea Tigers who were waiting in ambush fired, presumably rocket-propelled grenades, at Super Dvora almost at close range and the gunboat was immediately enveloped in a ball of flame. Defense analysts in Colombo have speculated the Tigers would have used a suicide squad on a boat packed with explosives to attack the Super Dvora.
As SLNS Jayasagara and the other Dvora (P-458) drew closer, they saw Tiger boats and the Iris Moana', but did not want to engage the Tigers at close quarters without further assistance from air and sea. The navy subsequently claimed that their vessels did not use their big guns to fire in the direction of the Sea Tiger boats because they thought that the passengers on board the Iris Moana' would be hit.
With the arrival of reinforcements in the form of air cover and additional gunboats, four Dvoras moved in to attack the Sea Tiger boats at about 5.30pm. But within minutes of the battle commencing, sailors in the other boats were shocked to see a huge explosion on Dvora (P-458). The naval vessels fired at the Tiger boats from a safe distance without much success although they claimed that they had sunk some of the Tiger boats. As darkness fell, all the navy vessels withdrew to a safe distance, unsure of what had hit the Dvoras and still unclear where the passengers of the “Iris Moana” were.
However, the passenger Nadarajah said, 'We saw one of the Dvora boats in a ball of flame. A few hours later, the Tigers used a Water Jet boat (previously captured by the Tigers from the Sri Lankan navy) to drag the Dvora even as it was burning and brought it near the shore and put out
Continued on page 6

Page 6
6 TAMIL TIMES
Continued from page 5
the fire.' the LTTE later announced in Jaffna that from the two Dvoras, they had taken away four 20mm cannons, a large quantity of shells for the cannons, four 50 calibre guns, one AK LMG, One 303 LMG, ten AK machine guns, modern communication equipment and many other items of military value.
The attack was carried out by the women wing of the Sea Tigers. Their Special Commander Kalyanilater told Jaffna newspapers that it was with the aim of drawing the Sri Lankan navy into a battle with the Tigers that the "Iris Moana' was hijacked. "As anticipated, the navy came to attack us. On both occasions, we succeeded in destroying the Dvoras', she added.
Of the passengers of the ferry taken to Jaffna by the Tigers, after a few days it was announced that 121 of them had been freed, and the ICRC would transport any of them who wanted to go to their homes in the government-held islands. Some reports indicate that 15 of the passengers, suspected of being members of the EPDP, have not been released and their fate remained in the hands of the Tigers.
Although the passengers of the ferry were released in Jaffna, the Tigers have refused to release the eight-man crew, some of whom have been described as men belonging to the Sri Lankan navy and others to the Eelam Peoples Democratic Front. They want the government to talk to the Tigers directly in regard to the release of the crew. According to the Voice of Tigers Radio, Kalyani, the Commander of the women's wing of the Sea Tigers was quoted as having told newspapers in Jaffna that the Tigers would consider freeing the crew provided the government in exchange freed the two women Sea Tigers who were captured by the Sri Lankan navy in the course of an attack, led by Kalyani, on a navy command and supply vessel, SLN Edithara which was sunk in the northern navy-controlled port of Kankesanturai on 16 July.
The demand for negotiations by the Tigers over the crew of the Iris Moana' is seen by analysts in Colombo as a ploy to get the government to begin talks with the LTTE at a time when the army was bracing for a major offensive on Jaffna. "It is difficult to believe that the government, which is at war with the LTTE, will be ready to negotiate with it on the issue of the "Iris Moana” crew,' they said.
"Iris Moana' is still anchored in the Mullaitivu waters. Deputy Defence Minister Col. Anuruddha Ratwatte
has said the Iris lying anchored 4 k Mullaitivu would
move, as it was f heavily laden with causing consider whichever port it is the Government ship only if the ICR that "the ferry was and was clear of a Navy does not wa board it suspecting been laid with min
An announceme claimed that it had Dvora gunboat on { coast of Pulmoddai er, a military sp deliberate fabricat appears to be in ol loss of two senior Nagulan and Kann led off the coast ( September when were attacked and Sri Lankan Navy k ten LTTE cadres a
dr Assassi
Sri Lankan Polic September that the dual plot by the L President Chandrik Sri Lanka, and o Minister P.V. Nara connection the poli custody three susp sent to Colombo b Jaffna and are se members of the sa pected to be in and
The Deputy Insp Kotakadeniya told ombo that one of th confessed to the pol of the plot to as leaders in suicide at was not here to ca sination himself. F the ground work al tion to the LTTE's Pottu Amman.'
On the basis C gathered from the squad had been Amman who had instructions to car dent Kumaratung: surroundings of th retariat and the " President's official is to assassinate til the end of this yea press.
"These three peo special assignmen groundwork for the dent, Kotakadeniy

15 SEPTEMBER 1995
Moana” presently ilometres north of not be allowed to eared that it was xplosives aimed at able damage to brought to. He said would receive the C gave a certificate not booby-trapped hy explosives'. The nt to approach or that it would have es or explosives.
nt from the LTTE
destroyed another September off the in the east. Howevkesman said this ion by the LTTE der to cover-up its
black Sea Tigers Lalan who were kilof Pulmoddai on 3 three LTTE boats destroyed by the illing a minimum of s well.
nation Plot
'e claimed on 11 y had uncovered a TTE to assassinate a Kumaratunga of the Indian Prime isimha Rao. In this ce have taken into ects who had been y the LTTE from arching for other me hit squad susaround Colombo.
ector General G.B.
reporters in Colearrested men had ce that he was part sassinate the two tacks. "The suspect rry out the assasle was only doing d feeding informa
intelligence chief,
the information arrested men, the letailed by Pottu iven them specific fully study Presi's movements, the ! Presidential Sec'emple Trees, the 'esidence. The aim e President before , the DIG told the
le were sent on a to prepare the kiling of the presi
said. "They came
on the same mission but belong to different cells. The problem is that one member of one cell doesn't know about the other.’
One of the men in custody after being arrested near Temple Trees, identified as Sinnadurai Muhundan, alias Rasan, had said that the LTTE had dispatched Singapore-trained agents to India to identify ways and means to assassinate the Indian Prime Minister. Mr. Kotakadeniya did not reveal any information as to who had trained the alleged agents in Singapore, nor did he give any details as to how the Indian PM was going to be targeted. Muhundan's arrest had led to the discovery of some documents containing a diagram of TempleTrees, and details about the change of duties of security service personnel and movements of the President, the DIG claimed.
Muhundan had been studying several options for the assassination attempt. They ranged from jumping at her limousine when she was on the move or when she was addressing a public meeting. The LTTE had trained seven suicide bombers to blow up seven vehicles in President Kumaratunga's motorcade simultaneously because she used one of several vehicles. And the training included the use of a disposable lightweight anti-tank weapon from a highrise building, the DIG said.
Mr. Kotakadeniya also said that Muhundan was detailed to collaborate with a female LTTE would-be suicide bomber named Rajini. The police were investigating Muhundan's statement that another LTTE operative had been despatched to Madras and ordered to await 'instructions'. "We are awaiting more details from him about the LTTE's plans in Madras.” Muhundan was a senior cadre of the LTTE and joined it in 1989 and had claimed that he had personally met Pirbhakaran and received a gold medal from him after completing a training course in Singapore.
After waiting for nearly four years, some months ago New Delhi made a formal request to Colombo for the extradition of the LTTE leader, V. Pirabhakaran and two of his associates for their alleged involvement in the assassination of former Indian PM, Rajiv Gandhi. Reporters in Colombo speculated that Mr. Narasimha Rao would have become a target for the LTTE following New Delhi's extradition request.
However, the Sri Lankan Prime Minister, Mrs. Sirimavo Bandaranaike recently told a press conference that she had no hopes of arresting and

Page 7
15 SEPTEMBER 1995
extraditing the LTTE leader. If a hundred thousand Indian troops could not arrest him, how can we?" she said referring to the failure to arrest him by Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) when they were in the Northeast of the island from July 1987 to March 1990.
A Only Limited Military Assistance From USA
While the United States of America would continue to provide limited military assistance to Sri Lanka, it will not sell lethal weapons partly because it remained concerned about the country's human rights record despite recent improvements, Assistant Secretary of State, Robin Raphel told reporters in Colombo on 1 September during his recent visit to the island.
'We have a limited military programme with the government of Sri Lanka, Raphel said. "We have some training exercise with them and we sell a limited amount of non-lethal equipment.' That cooperation could be upgraded, she said on the second day of a four-day tour. “There are a number of reasons for not selling lethal weapons, Raphel said. Human rights concerns is one of them.'
The Sri Lankan government receņitly presented a bill before parliament setting up a human rights commission following widespread criticism of deaths and torture of political opponents by previous governments.
Raphel said President Kumaratunga's government had taken impressive measures to check the abuse. For a couple of years it has really improved, Raphel said. "Overall, one can say, they have clearly improved, and this government has committed itself to very high standards of observance of human rights'.
Raphel particularly mentioned the government's probe into the suspected torture and killing by officials of the Special Task Force of the Police of 21 young men, mostly Tamil. "The government has certainly done a good job of trying to find out who did that but overall we maintain a keen eye on (the country's human rights) and it is an issue for us.'
In response to questions from reporters, Robin Raphel also declined to confirm that Washington would officially describe the LTTE as "terrorists' adding, "There are legal ramifications and so on. It is a complicated legal issue.'
Raphel also said Washington backed peace talks between the government and the LTTE adding that the Colombo government appeared keen to resume peace talks with the Tigers.
"My impression ist would like to resur the LTTE and wo negotiations, she Sri Lankan Forei, man Kadirgam, spokesman for the Ministry quickly idea saying, "She such an impressio with the Foreign very clear the diffi the LTTE at prest has blatantly shoʻ ending this proble) tiating process.'
Y NO Chanc
Witho
Residents of LTT peninsula in north visiting U.N. offici devolution packag success without a ership of the Tami a broadcast from t tion on 28 August Historically we proposals for devo be enforced withou the people fighting people, the radio residents as saying
The LTTE are ing for Tamils ri bitter lesson from pact. We are goin of the Chandrika said quoting a sta the Citizen's Com consortium of nonnisations, the Tar and Christian and
Roland Hodsc adviser and coord ited Nations' Dev me's Colombo m' Jaffna to see for non-governmental doing and how the without the usua ment food ships.
Jaffna source governmental or senting Jafna's | appealed to a visi help revive stalled Colombo and the
A Targetin
A Tamil youth a blueprint of Colom World Trade Cen of which was final backed group, wa cion that he was building with e. police officer claim

TAMHL TIMES 7
nat the government le the dialogue with uld like to resume said after meeting in Minister Lakshr. However the Sri Lankan Foreign lismissed any such could not have got from her meeting Minister. He made ulty in talking with int while the LTTE wn it is opposed to n through the nego
e of Success | LTTE
E-controlled Jaffna ern Sri Lanka told a all the government's e had no chance of proval of the lead| Tigers, acording to he LTTE radio sta
have seen many lution which cannot t the consultation of for the rights of the station quoted the
עם
the only force fightghts. We learnt a the Rajiv Gandhi g to see the sadness pact also, the radio itement released by mittee of Jaffna, a governmental orgamil Teachers' Union
Hindu groups. in, humanitarian inator with the Unelopment Programssion, was visiting himself what work organisations were people were coping l supply of govern
s said that nonganisations repreTamil civilians had ting U.N. official to peace talks between Tigers
g the Tower
leged to be with a boʼs new twin-tower re, the construction ced by a Singapore
s arrested on suspi
lanning to blast the plosives, a senior ed on 31 August. He
also said that another youth whom he described as an accomplice in the operation has also been taken into custody.
'We think he was planning to bomb the building or at least use the blueprint to feed information,' Deputy Inspector General G.B. Kotakadeniya told pressmen in Colombo. He had the blueprint showing where the pillars are.'
He said he thought that the plan was to do to the prestigious 39-storey building what Muslim extremists did, as is claimed in the US, to the twintower World Trade Centre in New York in 1993. In February 1993, a van was driven into the Manhattan building where a bomb exploded killing six people and injuring around 1,000. It caused millions of dollars in damage.
The police chief said that the arrested man, allegedly an LTTE operative, had said that he found the blueprint in a dustbin but there was no reason why any person should take an interest in and carry about building plans found in a dustbin other than for some ulterior purpose. Police claimed that they had recovered 30 blueprints of the World Trade Centre building from a Colombo shop where the suspect claimed to have worked. “We think he was planning to bomb the building or at least use a blueprint to feed information with a view to bombing it,” Kotakadeniya said.
The twin towers, Sri Lanka's tallest building, houses offices and a shopping complex in the stylish tourist and business district of Colombo. The building complex is being built by S.P Tao's Shing Kwan Investments of Singapore through its Sri Lanka-listed Overseas Realty (Ceylon) with an investment of some US$110 million, Sri Lanka's largest single investment. The building has been hailed as a symbol of Colombo's rapid economic growth and has attracted top clients, including the stock exchange and brokers, some of which have been able to move in. From the outside it looks finished except for a few gaping holes.
Kotakadeniya said the police arrested another Tamil person, an employee of the state-owned Bank of Ceylon on 3 September for smuggling petrol to his 15th floor office at the bank's headquarters, Colombo's second tallest building. He has been employed as a clerk by the bank and was transferred to the Bank's head office from the northern district of Vavuniya six months ago. He is thought to have smuggled small amounts of petrol into the building concealed in food packets. Police be
Continued on page 8

Page 8
8 TAM TIMES
Continued from page 7
lieve the two Tamils were part of a Tiger plan to blow up commercial buildings in Colombo as part of their strategy to cause damage, destruction and deter tourists and foreign investors.
Relatives of the second suspect in Colombo denied that he was in any way connected with any plan to blast any building. they said that the suspect used a motor cycle to travel to his work place and that the petrol can, which was found in his office, was one which he carried with him to be used in the event that his vehicle ran out of petrol.
fl. Opposition Calls for Draft Law on Devolution
Sri Lanka's Opposition Leader Ranil Wickremesinghe urged the government to release its devolution proposals as a draft bill. Unless this was done, it would not be possible for any responsible political party to make its position on the proposals known, he said at a party meeting recently.
Mr. Wickremasinghe said that the devolution package announced by the government early this month contains proposals for turning Sri Lanka from a unitary state into a state of regions and power sharing by the central government with the regional governments.
Devolution was not new to his United National Party, which is for devolution. However, his party would oppose any proposals that might affect the unitary status of the country, he added. He urged the government to prepare and release a draft bill based on opinions so far expressed by the people and political organizations, saying it was only then that any definite views could be expressed, he added.
yr ICRC Resumes ESCOrt of Foodships to Jaffna
The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) said on 28 August it had reached an agreement with the Sri Lankan government to resume food supplies to the Jaffna Peninsula in the north.
Government sources said the ICRC would again escort government chartered ships to the Tiger-controlled port of Point Pedro while continuing to avoid services to the Navy port of Kankesanturai.
“After satisfactory discussions between the ICRC and the government the ICRC have decided to immediately
resume its activ ships chartered Agent in Jaffna, government said
The first food loaded with 2,200 on 29 August. It w Pedro on 2 Septe M.V. Lanka Mud gun loading on 30 due course.
Government so dition to end then of ICRC’s escort allows search of ships before the Point Pedro. It w clear whether the the proposed sear government sour place 10 km (15 m
The ICRC stoj northern region i own ship was si Kankesanturai. I vices to Point Ped port, saying it had from the Tigers to
Som e 3 0 0, 0 threatened with s of the month-olds ICRC and the gov which had been transporting a r 10,000 tonnes of: the government said it would res shipments to Kan lians residing controlled areas peninsula if the guarantees.
The deal follow of the ICRC by t the Sri Lankan m it of leaning tow alleged bias was a all to escort ship and in its report of a Jaffna church
Government of standoff between the ICRC was br the deal with th possible thus ave starvation of the Jaffna by the per President Kumar lency personally i to rush food sup Government Age Ponnampalam tol
dr Financin
The Sri Lankan claimed on 21 Au two month long in from the Crime raided a Pettah sł

15 SEPTEMBER 1995
ty of escorting the
by the Government the ICRC and the
in a statement.
ship, M.V. Kalyani, tons of food set sail as to unload at Point nber. A second ship, tha had already beAugust to set sail in
urces said a key connonth-old suspension operation to Jaffna, the ICRC-protected y are off-loaded at 'as not immediately Tigers had endorsed h of the ships, which ces said would take iles) offPoint Pedro. pped sailing to the n late July after its unk by a mine off t later resumed serro, a Tiger controlled security guarantees
go there.
00 people were tarvation as a result standoff between the ernment. The ICRC, escorting six ships monthly average of supplies provided by for Jaffna civilians, şume escort of food nkesanturai for civi
in governmentin and around the Tigers gave security
2d weeks of criticism he government and edia, which accused rds the Tigers. The ttributed toits refuss to Kankesanturai fan aerial bombing .
icials said that the the government and ught to an end and e ICRC was made ting the threatened ivilian population of Jonal intervention of atunga. Her Exceltervened to arrange blies to Jaffna, the ht of Jaffna Mr. K. d the press.
g the Tigers?
police in Colombo ust that, following a vestigation, a squad Detection Bureau op and seized 40,000
US dollars in cash and incriminating documents which provided an insight into what they described as “LITTE funding both local and foreign'.
Deputy Inspector General (Colombo) G.B. Kotakadeniya said one person had been taken into custody but declined to provide details of the raid except to say that "it revealed the vast dimensions of the LTTE's financial network'. Following this incident several Tamil Colombo businessmen who have alleged to have made regular pay-offs to the LTTE, are being questioned by the Police, he said.
However, Tamil sources in Colombo discounted the police claim as trumped up or exaggerated. They said that the so-called Tiger financial network was nothing more than what everyone knew as the normal practice of expatriate Sri Lankans of all communities - Sinhalese, Tamils and Muslims -
engaging the services of middlemen
with no political affiliations to remit money to their relatives in the island. There are middlemen in foreign capitals who have their contact middlemen in Colombo who enable these transactions which are undertaken primarily for financial profit. They suggested that the arrested man might be such a contact.
However, DIG. Kotakadeniya said the large majority, if not all, of Tamil businessmen in Sri Lanka and overseas had handed over money to the LTTE, either voluntarily or by force. "It's mandatory, he said. "It's not only in Sri Lanka, it happens in Canada, France, Germany, Switzerland, England, everywhere. In Dubai, Tamils have to buy tickets to prove their contributions.” Replying to a question, he said, "Whether it is voluntary or it is extortion is very difficult to answer as it is mandatory.'
He said Tamil businessmen in Sri Lanka were issued receipts for their donations which had to be sent to relatives in the Jaffna peninsula to be shown to the Tigers. Kotakadeniya said he had seen four such letters.
Eight people were in custody in connection with the swoop on a Colombo office on 21 August including the Manager who handled the funds. The Manager had been moving 10 million rupees (US$200,000) a month since January this year, Kotakadeniya said, adding that "much, much more' had been sent to the north.
Australia Funds Surgical Team
Australia would provide $170,000 to fund a surgical team in the waraffected north of Sri Lanka, Federal
Continued on page 9

Page 9
15 SEPTEMBER 1995
Catholic Bishops We Devolution and Urge D
The Catholic Bishops' Conference of Sri Lanka has issued a statement on the present situation in the country and the efforts that are being made to establish peace.
The statement issued by its SecretaryGeneral Bishop Malcolm Ranjith said:
Responding to the situation presently
affecting our country we, the Catholic .
Bishops of Sri Lanka wish to share with our fellow citizens those thoughts and reflections on the present political crisis and the efforts that are being made to bring about a solution to that crisis. In this matter we are inspired by the invitation of our Lord Jesus Christ in His Sermon on the Mount, where outlining the Beatitudes, He told His disciples that those who work for Peace are blessed and 'shall be called Sons of God'. (Mt. 5:9).
The ongoing war in the North and East causing death, injury and destruction to people and property is a sad experience indeed and can be called a dark page in our history. The country is losing precious lives and its economic progress is seriously retarded. More than anything else it is creating a divisive spirit among the Sinhala, Tamil and Muslim communities and creating a deep spirit of mutual suspicion and separation between them. The gap seems to constantly widen. Intensifying the war effort in this context, in our opinion, is counter productive as we feel it would separate and alienate the communities even further. The suffering heaped upon the civilians by the prolonging of an armed approach to the conflict is indescribable. Our hearts go out in sympathy to those who lost their loved ones and those who are orphaned, disabled, homeless and in refugee camps on both sides of the divide.
We firmly believe and wish to reiterate that war can never bring about a permanent solution to any conflict anywhere. It is also futile to propose that war can pave the way for peace. It is common knowledge that every war has to finally end in dialogue, compromise and an agreement which envisages a spirit of give and take. It is our firm belief then, that all concerned should seek a negotiated solution to this problem afflicting us, however difficult, arduous or risky the path to such a settlement is.
We are glad to note in this light the courageous efforts made by the governonent to come up with a devolution package as a solution to this problem. We have always held that the solution to
this problem is th effective devolutio periphery with sovereignty of the in our belief, dc weaken the strengt united whole and cause for a perma wounds of conflict t country since indel for its rapid econom ment. We do not devolution would in to separatism. Sri ) remain one country pluralistic social st viduals, families should have and er facilities for growth of their own. Build encourage unity in Yet, for such a di tive it should be s haustively discussé people in this count any one, should hav study, discuss and e and suggestions. A allow all communiti feel that they are v. solutions, a climate respect should be b principle that all ci are equal. If such created and comm in any way exclud truly democratic a ment may fail as i time in the past.
Such a dialogue promise of one's p fies risks, and ris mutual trust. We in Sri Lanka to sh spirit of trustfulne tion. One cannot b guarantees if trust solution and every create trust by als and truthful. Web proposals put forw ment with due safe sovereignty of the s way for a consen cerned possibly a this long running process of dialogue consensus should including those wh tant approach.
It is our earnes' stated so way back citizens of Sri Lal organise a move

TAM TIMES 9
OOMe alogue
ough a strong and of power to the ut harming the :ountry. Devolution, es not necessarily h of the country as a could instead be a ment healing of the at have plagued our endence and a way c and social developfeel that such a ean creating a path anka is and should with an essentially ructure where indiand communities joy the freedom and in a cultural milieu ng the country is to diversity. 2volution to be effectudied well and exd. All parties and y, without excluding fe the opportunity to xpress their opinions bove all, in order to es and individuals to ery much part of the of trust and mutual uilt up based on the tizens of the country a climate cannot be Inities or parties are bd all attempts for a ind dignified settlet happened many a
and spirit of comsitions always signiis help to build up Lrge all communities w each other such a s in seeking a solu2 always looking for is to be the basis of a one must strive to o being trustworthy elieve then, that the ard by the governguards to ensure the ate, thus paving the us offer to all conast chance to solve ssue peacefully. The to arrive at such a not exclude anyone b advocate the mili
hope as we already n 1984 that all of us, ka, should strive to ent that seeks to
ensure to every individual and community in our country 'a sense of belongingness, of being accepted, respected, wanted and cared for. (Towards the building up of the Sri Lankan nation p.34). For it is in such a set-up that Peace will not only be restored and re-established but also deeply and firmly rooted in the heritage of our nation for all time.
We appeal to all the citizens of this land to not only pray and invoke blessings of Peace but also to be instruments of Peace in their own surroundings. We call upon them to dedicate themselves fully to this noble ideal and be ready to make any sacrifice as may be necessary, most of all the readiness to break down prejudices and attitudes of mistrust and suspicion towards those of the other communities. Let us always be guided by the principles of truth and justice.
May the Lord Jesus Christ, through the intercession of His Mother, the Blessed Virgin Mary, bestow on Sri Lanka the blessings of Justice, Peace and Prosperity. We pray that Peace will dawn soon on our country so that Swords will be turned into ploughshares. Spears into sickles. Nation will not lift sword against nation. And there will be no more training for war.” (Is. 2:4)。
Rt. Rev. Dr. Nicholas Marcus Fermando (Archbishop); Rt. Rev. Dr. Frank Marcus Fernando; Rt. Rev. Dr. T. Savundranayagam; Rt. Rev. Dr. Henry Goonewardena OMI; Rt. Rev. Dr. Edmund Fernando OM; Rt. Rev. Dr. Raymond Peiris; Rt. Rev. Dr. Elmo Perera; Rt. Rev. Dr. Vianney Fernando (President); Rt. Rev. Dr. Kingsley Swampillai (Vice-President); Rt. Rev. Dr. Malcolm Ranjith (Secretary-General); Rt. Rev. Dr. Rayappu Joseph; Rt. Rev. Dr. Oswald Gomis.
Continued from page 8
Pacific Island Affairs Minister Gordon Bilney said on 2 September. Mr. Bilney said the team, comprising a surgeon in obstetrics and gynaecology, an anaesthetist, a nurse and a logistics officer, would be based at the Vavuniya Hospital in the north.
The hospital was just behind the forward defence lines of the Sri Lankan army, he said. Access was difficult because of the conflict between the Sri Lankan government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. "The 422,000 people living in these conflict affected areas have no access to surgical facilities, he said. "Instead they must make an arduous and risky journey to Anuradhapura, in the centre of the country.”
Mr. Bilney said the Australianfunded surgical team would provide surgical services on the spot,

Page 10
10 TAMIL TIMES
The Case of the To Floating Bodies - C to Face Prosecut
The Sri Lankan government has promised to vigorously investigate the case of the extrajudicial brutal killings allegedly carried out by elements within the Police Special Task Force and Military Intelligence since late April this year, and prosecute those against whom evidence is available.
As a preliminary step, the government has abolished the "independent
status” hitherto enj Task Force, and b under the Inspectol
Twentyeight offic ing to the special Task Force (STF) a gence had been tak detained for invest tion with the disc and decomposed bc
Their parents said they were too young, but Vijendra and Shamini did not listen. They married last November, within months of meeting, and Shamini is already pregnant.
They rented a small room in a crowded alley in Welwatte, the Tamil district of Colombo, and Wijendra got a job at a video rental shop. They were just scraping by, but they were happy. Until June 26, when Vijendra, aged 25, disappeared.
Shamini has had no word from her husband since then, but human rights workers believe he is among almost 30 Tamil men from the Colombo area who have disappeared since May.
It is generally believed in Colombo that the disappearances are the work of a rogue element in the security forces, frustrated by President Chandrika Kumaratunga's efforts to end 12 years of civil war. The officers are said to favour a hard line to purge Colombo and government-controlled areas of suspected sympathisers for the Tamil Tiger guerrillas fighting for a separate state in the north of the island. Without the help of the police, I think it's difficut for anyone to take a man away because there are many checkpoints,” a Human Rights Task Force spokesman said.
Vijendra left for work as usual on June 26, but he came home in mid-morning because Shamini was unwell. He cooked curry and rice for lunch, and went back to work at 5pm.
She waited for him in the even
Joining the Ranks of the "Disappeared
ing, but when ther him by dawn, she Since then, she ha for him.
I still think he v says. Her mother, guest house where refuge, shakes her been trying to get face the truth.
The morning afte appearance, Shami visited the police, International Comn Cross and the gov man Rights Task F no news of him.
About 10 days lat a call to come and that had been fishe lake, 30 miles sou She could not beart relatives told her baby, who is due in an uncle went to see dra was among the
The police saw th They interrogated days, and insisted working for the Ti his family left the ghold of Jaffna w child. They implied riage was in troubl was having an affa was pregnant and they refused to acce ni says.
But the prospect tion is little comf She hopes to emig where Vijendra's p says she will wait f
yr
(Extract from 29.8.95).

15 SEPTEMBER 1995
tured ulprits ion
oyed by the Special brought it directly General of Police.
:ers mainly belongly trained Special nd Military Intellien into custody and igation in connecovery of mutilated dies in the water
e was no sign of fled the house. is been waiting
will return,' she sitting in the Ehey have taken head. She has her daughter to
rVijendra's disni and a cousin
the CID, the hittee of the Red nernment's Huorce. There was
er, Shamini got see six bodies l out of Bolgoda th of Colombo. he thought of it; to think of the December, and : whether Vijen
dead. ings differently. her for three Vijendra was gers — although guerrilla stronhen he was a Shamini's mare, and that she ir. “I said that I I was sick, but pt that,” Shami
of an investigart to Shamini. rate to Canada rents live. She or him there.
he Guardian,
ways near the island's capital over a period of three months, according to an announcement made on 31 August by Sri Lanka's Inspector General of Police, Mr. Wickremasinghe Rajaguru.
Most of the victims were abducted from hostels, guesthouses, lodges or while travelling in Colombo, apparently because they were suspected of being connected with the Tigers, said Rajaguru. They were taken to the Special Task Force headquarters in the capital, held for five or six days and tortured before being strangled to death, he said.
Ten police commandos, a soldier and seven civilians have been arrested and detained and 10 more soldiers, suspected of being involved in the abductions, and subsequent killings were being held in military custody, Rajaguru said.
Police have not uncovered the motive for the killings. Government politicians have claimed that elements within the forces did this to bring discredit upon the government. But the first bodies began to appear in the Bolgoda lake near Colombo against the background of the resumption of armed hostilities by the Tigers against government forces in mid-April this year when they withdrew from the peace process initiated by President Kumaratunga.
The head of the police Criminal
Investigation Department, T.D. Suma
nasekera, told reporters that at least 21 corpses found in lakes and rivers around the capital from May to August were people who had died in the headquarters of Sri Lanka's paramilitary Special Task Force (STF).
Sumanasekera confirmed that most of the victims were Tamils and said that 11 STF personnell and seven civilians were being held under emergency regulations for questioning in connection with the killings. Another seven military personnel, believed also to be linked with the killings, were being held by the military police.
The victims were strangled and their bodies were dumped in the waterways. Many of those killed appeared to have been starved and tortured before they died, Sumanasekera added. The victims had been taken to an unused toilet and strangled using special belt-like plastic handcuffs. When it's tightened around the neck of the victim, it gets locked, leading to suffocation. After the lock snaps shut and the victim is dead, the handcuff is then severed using a sharp instrument and thrown into the unused toilet. In my 39 years in the police service this is the first time I

Page 11
15 SEPTEMBER 1995
Lawyer P. Pathmanathan's son was abducted on Tuesday, 18 July opposite the Fort Railway station. He was a student in Colombo and had obtained 8 distinctions at the GCE (O-Level) examination and was preparing to sit the A-Level examination the day he was abducted.
"My son had collected some money to buy a pair of shoes, but as he had required some extra money, I asked him to meet me near the Odeon theatre. But I was held up in courts, got late, could not keep my appointment with my son, and went to my brother's house in Wellawatte and then went to Majestic City to buy the shoes for my son.
Because the price of shoes was too much, my son decided to go and buy them at the World Market at Pettah and he went there. I received a telephone call at about 7.30 pm from my son, but before he could say anything, the line got cut off. This puzzled me and I asked several friends whether my son had gone to their places, but of no avail. He did not come back home that night. I lodged complaints with the police and got in touch with very senior police officers through others to inquire about my son's whereabouts. We heard nothing from him or about his whereabouts during the following day, Wednesday 19 July.
"It was on Thursday (20 July) morning that I received a telephone call from my son who said that he
Escaping From th
was at the Fort Rail the time I rushed th in sight. I went to Police Station and about my son, but t avail. Finally I tel and found that he home.'
According to manathan’s son, it World Market at Pe had stopped in front men showing him ar him for directions location of the addre Kotahena was fami cause he and his f viously lived theres lier. He was forced van which he did.
As he got into th two women, but afte realised that the t dressed in women's time the van reache sensed something the whole thing, ma the van, ran to a t and telephoned his 7.30 pm but before anything, he was pl telephone booth and by those who had co Thereafter he was taken to a dark roo were several others tion.
They had shaved kept him naked. He to lie on the floor an
saw a contraption of this nature', DIG Sumanasekera told the press.
In addition to the 28 already in custody, 21 other officers have been questioned. Of those in custody, the police officer of the highest rank is an Inspector, a Captain belonging to the Directorate of Military Intelligence is also in custody.
In response to questions, Mr. Sumanasekera said that in the case of the victims of these abductions, no entries of their arrests had been made by the officers responsible.
In answer to a question, Minister of Information, Mr. Dharmasiiri Senanayake said that even if a man is arrested as an LTTE suspect, no one including the police or the military has the right to torture or kill him.
The frequent appearance of tortured and disfigured dead bodies in the lakes and rivers around Colombo clearly embarrassed the Kumaratunga admi
nistration which pledged to end what “an era of terror by graves were exhume missions appointed to ances. Expressing de dent Kumaratunga and vigorous investi direct supervision of Rajaguru.
"The number of t circumstances surrol al of the bodies sug organised group wit sources is at the macabre killings, Daily News said in a
Many vehicles, in used to transport the items have been se tests. Body parts ( stains and finger examined. Some of been flown to th Glasgow.

TAMIL TIMES 11
e JaWS of Death
way Station. By ere, he was not the Maradana made inquiries hey were of no 2phoned home,
had returned
Mr. Pathwas near the ttah that a van of him and two address asked The general ss which was in liar to him beamily had preome years earto get into the
1e van, he saw r some time he wo were males
attire. By the d Kotahena, he strange about naged to get off elephone booth father at about he could say ulled out of the dragged away me in the van. blindfolded and m where there kept in deten
off his hair and had been asked d was not given
any food or water. They had taken his chain watch and torn his National Identity Card to shreds.
It would appear that as a result of the complaints and contact that Mr. Pathmanathan made with senior and powerful police officers, the latter had been making inquiries even from the Special Task Force headquarters. During Pathmanathan's son's stay in custody, his abductors had asked him whether he was a person of such importance and influence that even top police officers were inquiring after him. Police insiders suspect that the abductors realised that Pathmanathan’s son had become “too hot to handle' that they decided to release him without subjecting him to the same fate as the other victims whose bodies were found in lakes and rivers. "Pathmanathan's son has escaped from the jaws of an agonizing death', a human rights lawyer commented.
Mr. Pathmanathansson had suffered enormously both mentally and physically due to the ordeal he was put through. He was in a state of shock unable to recount what actually happened to him from the time he was abducted. Only during subsequent weeks, that too after medical treatment, he has been able to recapitulate what happened to him and coming out with the tale of him being assaulted and subjected to torture. He continues to complain of severe body pain.
assumed office President called the state.' Mass d and three comprobe disappearep concern, Presiordered a special gation under the Police Chief W.
he dead and the nding the disposgest that a well h substantial rebottom of these 'the state-owned n editorial. luding five jeeps victims and other zed for forensic f victims, blood rints are being the items have University of
International human rights bodies like Amnesty International, local human rights groups and activists, and political parties like the TULF had alerted the government to the disappearances of Tamil youths ever since the resumption of armed hostilities between the Tigers and government forces.
In June we had 30 complaints and they have been coming in ever since, said Sunila Abeysekara of Inform, a local human rights group.
Responding to concerns expressed by various human rights groups and Tamil political parties, President Kumaratunga issued a special set of directives to be adopted when persons were arrested and detained on suspicion. Every arresting officer was directed to give a receipt to the next of kin of the person arrested and inform them of where the person was being
Continued on page 29

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12 TAMILTIMES
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'Guest Speaker : Mr.Pathmamanoharan' “Live Music by Old Students & Friends'
Admission : Single - £2, Family - fs (Dinner included)
For further information please contact:
G. Natturam : 98 84f 586 SRajkumar : 01813958573 W. Thayalam : 618 399 7848 N.Sri Gangatharar : 081 692 5240

Page 13
15 SEPTEMBER 1995
The Last Chance for
by Dr. Jeeva S. Anandan, Wolfson College, Oxford
The historic proposals by the President of Sri Lanka, Ms. Chandrika Kumaratunga, for the devolution of power are welcome for three reasons.
First, and this seems to be the main if not the sole purpose for the proposals, they may bring a peaceful solution
to the ethnic conflict which has cost.
tens of thousands of lives and enormous stifling consequences to the economy of Sri Lanka. Second, it would make Sri Lanka more democratic by enabling its people to have greater control over how they are governed. Finally, the increased autonomy that would result if these proposals are implemented, ironically, would enable Sri Lanka to become more unified with the resultant decrease in conflicts.
To appreciate these reasons, it is necessary to see the present situation in Sri Lanka in its historical perspective. Those who do not know history, said George Santayana, are condemned to repeat it. It is necessary not only to know history but also to learn the right lesson from it in order to prevent repetition of its tragic consequences. For Sri Lanka, the history of at least all of South Asia is relevant.
Unification of India
Historically, South Asia consisted of many little and large nations whose boundaries have changed with ties. After the British conquest of South Asia, these nations were put together into larger nations for administrative convenience. This may be compared with the “inflictions of Europe under the Roman Empire, the Soviet Union under the Bolshevik Party, and Yugoslavia under Marshal Tito. Each of these 'inflictions' was due to some central authority - there was no genuine sharing of power - and it fell apart after this authority ceased to exist or exercise its control.
A remarkable phenomenon, however, happened in India, that like Sri Lanka originally consisted of several kingdoms which were administratively ruled as a single nation by the British. Indians fought for their independence from the British by means of a mass movement, under the leadership of Mohandas Gandhi.
This had a unifying effect on India for three reasons: First, the British provided a common enemy for all of LIndia. Second, the non violent movenent of Gandhi had to become a mass movement in order to succeed, and this led to the development of a new 'Indi
an' consciousnes: majority of Ind themselves with and lived like th many of their bes The unification been Gandhi's gr Tamilnadu, for e ghold of Gandhi, e Gujarathi, a No. akin to Hindi.
Sinhalese
The concept o into being durin struggle. In contr not fight for the the concept of 'S develop. They co themselves as S after Sri Lanka in 1948.
This explains w ist parties in Sri primarily the Sinhalese or Tar irrational statem some intelligent p the ethnic conflict on the basis of thi consciousness. It i the President's ( should be assess assessed on the ba that exists only in in the hearts of administrative se facto separate sta North today.
Sri Lanka, how advantage over absence, historica flict between the Tamils when Sri pendent. (Althou flicts between kings, which so blown out of pro affect the cordial ordinary Sinhale is unlike in Ind centuries of confl dus and the Mu major stumbling attempts to prev tween India and
Officia In fact, wher independent, Jaf ly taught Sinha guage to Tamils this abruptly wh the only officia

TAMIL TIMES 13
Peace
Finally, the vast ans could identify andhi who dressed m, and represented
values.
of India may have atest achievement. ample, was stron'en though he spoke th India language
and Tamils
"Indianness' came the independence ast, Sri Lankans did r independence and ri Lankans' did not intinued to think of inhalese or Tamils became independent
hy all the non Marx
Lanka represented interests of the mils. The seemingly ents made today by eople on both sides of t may be understood is lack of Sri Lankan s in this context that levolution proposals ed. It should not be isis of a unitary state our constitution, not people, nor in an nse because of the de te which exists in the
ever, had one major (ndia. This was the lly, ofany major conSinhalese and the Lanka became indegh there were conSinhala and Tamil metimes have been portion, this did not elations between the e and Tamils). This a where there were cts between the Hinslims, which was a
block in Gandhi's nt the partition bePakistan.
Language
Sri Lanka became na schools voluntaria as a second lanidents. They stopped n Sinhala was made language in 1956,
against the opposition of Tamils. This was unlike what happened in India where Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru (who was brought into politics in the 1920s primarily by Gandhi) decided to postpone making Hindi the official language for all of India because of opposition by some minority groups. Satisfied by Nehru's concession, the DMK which at that time was demanding the separation of South India from the Indian Union gave up this demand, and since then has respected the integrity of India.
Had Nehru been short sighted andd thought only in terms of what he and his party would benefit in the next elections, he may not have made this concession. Then the unity of India, achieved by the sacrifice of millions of Gandhians, may have been lost. Nehru understood that in a democratic country the rights of the majority did not need special protection because the elettoral process assured that the government will be dominated by the majority. For the same reason, the rights of the minority needed to be protected. This explains also the concessions which were rightly made to the Muslim minority in India by the Nehru Government.
In Sri Lanka, the Marxist leaders were able to act with such foresight with regard to the ethnic problem. But they were never in power, and did not build up a mass movement in Sri Lanka as Gandhi did in India. However, if the proposal ofparity' for Sinhala and Tamil made by the LSSP and the CP were implemented, the ethnic conflict would not have accrued and by now everyone in Sri Lanka would be learning Sinhala for the simple reason that the Sinhalese form the majority in Sri Lanka.
Decentralisation
A poet once said that the saddest words in pen or tongue are these four words: "It Might Have Been' My only reason for recalling the past blunders of Sri Lankan political leaders without which the ethnic conflict would not have taken place is to draw the right lessons from them. Also, our present President should be commended for going beyond any Indian leader or any other South Asian leader in the offers she is making to the minorities now. It is difficult to imagine how she could go further than this without seriously offending the majority. This is the most promising moment for ending the ethnic conflict since it began and if it is not seized now we could have centuries of violent wars and conflict.
Continued on page 14

Page 14
14 TAM TIMES
Continued from page 13
I now turn to the second reason given above in support of the President's proposals. The representative dem o cracy with in a unitary framework which we inherited from Britain has the disadvantage that it is very centralised. Once the Government has been elected it tends to lose touch with the people. This produces a sense of alienation among people, who don't feel that they are genuinely part of the system that is governing them.
In general, people feel helpless in dealing with large structures, whereas they have much more control over smaller structures. The decentralisation that would result from the implementation of the proposed devolution would break large structures into more manageable smaller structures. The decentralisation that would result from the implementation of the proposed devolution would break large structures into more manageable smaller structures.
We can learn about the importance of decentralisation again from history. The rulers of the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe tried to implement ‘socialism” by means of a centralised command economy. This was bound to collapse, despite the high ideal underlying socialism, because it was too centralised. There are too many parameters which need to be regulated to develop and maintain a healthy economy. And it is not possible for a few individuals in a central government body to regulate all of them.
Another example is the criminalisation of politics which has unfortunately taken place in India and Pakistan. Although the people of these countries would of course like to see honest politicians elected, they feel helpless in ensuring this in large electorates with candidates determined centrally by large political parties.
Gandhi's Vision
On the other hand, the panchayats or village councils, based on the Gandhian model of village republics, are working very well in India. Clearly, in each small village people are more likely to know who the bad elements are and exclude them from power than in a large electorate. A commentator disparagingly said that if our provincial council set-up were adopted in India, there would be 450 states. But this number falls short of the thousands of self-sufficient village republics which Gandhi wanted India to consist of
But because Gandhi's plan of de
veloping the village and instead the N. developed the cities, coming from the vil looking for jobs an Also, those in bureaucracy used b ernment to govern increasingly corrupt overcoming the cor nalisation of the go today seems to be to er to such an exten ment becomes irrel lives of the people. T the central governr prevent conflicts bet autonomous region that individual hun violated by the loca in these regions.
Unity of S
Another virtue ol which was the fir above for favouring volution proposals, i unity. In democrat India, Canada, Swi gium, where there tems of governmel mands for separatic sections of the popul with because of th which already exist tem for Sri Lanka v as far as we know, daranaike in 1926.
It is of utmost il people of Sri Lanka of Sri Lanka shoul Here again we can l The British divided gious grounds for w. Northern Ireland a very heavy price, a paying. But refusir history, the British take vhen they divi into Pakistan and 1 grounds. (The secula wisely rejected the which the British present day India, alone resulted in an a half million deaths three wars between since then.
The only separ, which India faces tod which is related to tween India and Pa break-up of Yugosla nations has resulted which eclipses even t Lanka.
It is therefore rea that there would be 1 prolonged violence th seen so far in Sri Lan

15 SEPTEMBER 1995
s was not adopted, ehru Government there were people lages to the cities d creating slums. power and the y the central govIndia have become t. The only way of ruption and crimivernment in India decentralise powt that the governevant to the daily he only purpose of ment should be to ween the different s and to ensure han rights are not l governing bodies
ri Lanka
f decentralisation, hal reason given g the present des that it promotes ic countries like tzerland and Bel
are Federal sysht, even the deon made by some ation can be coped le power sharing s. A Federal syswas first proposed, by S.W.R.D. Ban
mportance for all that the integrity d be maintained. earn from history. | Ireland on relihich the people of nd Britain paid a nd they are still ng to learn from repeated this misided British India (ndia on religious r leaders of India,
term Hindustan intended for the ) This partition estimated one and 3. And there were the two countries
atist movement lay is in Kashmir, this partition beikistan. Also, the via into different in a brutal war the violence in Sri
sonable to expect much greater and han what we have ka if this country
were to be divided, because of disputed territories, lingering animosities, competition for resources etc. Given the lack of integration between the two major communities in Sri Lanka, mentioned above, it appears that the only way to prevent major conflicts between them and to build a genuinely united Sri Lanka would be to implement the proposed devolution.
We are today going through a computer electronic revolution which is making the world increasingly interconnected and a consequent sharing of values of the diverse cultures of humanity. I believe, therefore that if we end the present conflicts based on religion, race and language, then gradually the divisions between nations will disappear and we would eventually have a unification of all humanity.
Sri Lanka is in a very good position to take advantage of this technological ręvolution because of its high literacy, healthcare system and natural resources. If we bring to an end the ethnic conflict, Sri Lanka could be the next economic miracle like Japan or Singapore. The prosperity this would bring us would make any further conflict unnecessary. And it would contribute to the unity of this beautiful Island. The devolution would give people more control over their lives and thereby help prevent the erosion of the valuable aspects of our culture during this inevitable technological revolution.
Comparison with Europe
South Asia after the disintegration of the British Empire is in a position analogous to what Europe was after the disintegration of the Roman Empire. Like Europe, we could fight among ourselves for another seventeen centuries before trying to unify ourselves. In this century alone there were two World Wars which originated in Europe. With the funnelling of arms to Afghanistan by the United States because of the Cold War hysteria, South Asians today have weapons which are much more powerful, deadly and destructive than what Europeans used in their centuries of strife.
Alternatively, we could benefit from a philosophy which originated in South Asia, which could give us peace and unity right away.
This philosophy is at least as comprehensive as Marxism, which originated in Europe, but which was unable to end the strife in the West. This is the philosophy of Buddha and Gandhi. As is well known, Mohandas Gandhi was profoundly influenced by Buddha’s ahimsa or non violence, his mor
Continued on page 29

Page 15
15 SEPTEMBER 1995
Nationalist Extren and Politica Moder
by Dr. Jayadeva Uyangoda, University of Colombo
In ethnic politics, no singie extrenism can exist Without its own enemy, the ethnic other. One is the mirror image of its own negation.
The PA government's devolution proposals have evoked two forms of totalrejectionist responses - one emanating from extremist Tamil nationalists in Jaffna and Colombo and the other from extreme nationalists in Sinhala society.
Meanwhile, there is also opposition to the package, emanating from the unacceptability of certain specific clauses of it. The latter does not reject devolution per se, and thereby leaves adequate room for re-working of those specific areas in the package.
The extreme Tamil nationalist rejection of Kumaratunga's proposals appears to be fundamentally conditional on the nature of LTTE's relationship with the Colombo government. If a scenario develops where Prabhakaran at least tactically decides in favour of resuming LTTEgovernment talks on the basis of the current framework of devolution proposals, they are likely to change their rejectionist attitude to the proposals. Then they will see some merit in the proposals.
The extreme Sinhala nationalist rejection of the devolution package has a different and fairly strong foundation. The latter's world view is fundamentally anchored on a unitarist/ centralist perception of the Sri Lankan state. Their master image of the postcolonial Sri Lankan state is a highly centralized one in which Sinhala political hegemony is ensured by unmitigated concentration of legislative, executive and judicial power at the central government in Colombo. In a curiously ironical manner, the JR Constitution of 1978, minus the 13th Amendment, perfectly fulfils this political vision.
Ethnic extremism, which ever form it may assume, has a fairly simple and simplistic logic, as demonstrated by spokespersons of Sinhala and Tamil nationalist extremisms in the public debate on the devolution package. It stems from certain shared epistemological sources like fear, suspicion and inistrust among ethnic groups. Therefore, the solutions they conceive are
extreme ones, th acceptable to even nationalists of the (
In that spirit, t. nationalists have separation or, as al confederation that the Tamil national secede. “We cannot who have always ol and deceived the TI when they talk pe hidden agenda to people by military repeatedly heard th made by LTTE lead pathizers.
While listening always observed th unable to compreh of a position whic moderate from thei
In their political promise with the Sil dirty word. Their wo they understand th tially governed by a mistrust and fear th particular understa and the resultant at future. When one b. their long catalog mistrusting the Sil "Yes, but....' the ci proceed. Thus, et which is a form knowledge carrying of the past, presup validation of any ap grounds to the futu
One can easily analysis to extreme ism, if one had time professors and lear Sinhala communit jecting the devoluti they cite the past treachery agains Marx's prophetic eminently meaning of all the dead genen nightmare on the b In a very simplist "historical' facts to ly untrustworthy na "Tamils are up to n to split this country Sinhala Buddhists. the only place we Devolution means little island of the S spokesperson rece ethnic minorities

TAM TIMES 15
ism ation
it would not be he most moderate ther ethnic group.
he extreme Tamil been arguing for alternative, for a should guarantee ist entitlement to .rust the Sinhalese pressed, colonized amil people. Even lace, they have a 'onquer the Tamil
means’ - I have is argument being ers and their sym
to them, I have at they are simply end the possibility h is even slightly r maximalist goal.
vocabulary, 'comhhalese' is simply a prld view - the way e world - is essenlogic of suspicion, lat emanate from a unding of the past ititude towards the egins to respond to ue of reasons for nhalese by saying onversation cannot thnic extremism, of essentialism in g the dead-weight poses the total inproach of common te.
apply the same Sinhala nationalto watch lawyers, ned monks of the passionately reon package. When examples of Tamil , the Sinhalese, words become ful: “the traditions ations weigh like a rains of the living.' ic logic, they cite rove the inherentture of the Tamils. o good. They want and subjugate the This little island is Sinhalese can live. splitting this tiny nhalese.' One such htly equated the in Sri Lanka to
tenants who have been trying by deceit to oust the house-owner from his own property
Such simplistic logic of extreme Sinhala nationalism, just like its Tamil version, oversimplifies the complex question of ethnic politics in Sri Lanka to such an extent that it is capable of providing a seemingly coherent argument. Actually, that is why the poetry of extremism can convince at least some people. And the convinced become uncompromising hardliners. Any dissent from that simplistic wisdom is easily seen as treachery and conspiracy.
Recently, I was discussing the devolution package, at a polite luncheon meeting with some spokespersons for extreme Sinhala nationalist positions. Having listened to them, I could not resist the conclusion that if their understanding of Sri Lanka's past, present and future is shared by the mfajority of the Sinhala people, Sri Lanka's eventual political disintegration will, sooner or later, become an unavoidable reality. They saw no virtue in compromise and accommodation in ethnic relations in Sri Lanka. Ethnic mistrust and jealousy, as I observed, were paramount in their appraisal of devolution proposals of the PA government.
Meanwhile, conspiracy theories abound in extremist political positions. When I was in Jaffna in March and April, the LTTE was propagating the theory that the Chandrika government was ‘conspiring with foreign powers' to destroy the LTTE. In the South, the extreme Sinha lese nationalists see in Chandrika's proposals for devolution a conspiracy to destroy the Sinhala race. The JVP too
believed in many conspiracies.
Theories and accusations of conspiracy are difficult to disprove, because they are entirely based on irrational convictions and deeply felt sentiments of insecurity. But, the poetry of extremism is irrational. And it is by means of the inherent irrationalism of sentiments that extremisms seek to thrive and command some appeal.
Extremist approaches to problems, as Sri Lanka's own tragic experience amply demonstrates, cannot solve problems; they can only make problem-solving infinitely difficult. They can make problems intractable. As Dr. A.T. Ariyaratne of Sarvodaya recently suggested in a television interview, extremism may make us a part of the problem, and not a part of the solution. When Prime Ministers Bandaranaike and Dudley Senanayake sought to solve Sri Lanka's ethnic problem by
Continued on page 16

Page 16
16 TAM TIMES
Continued from page 15
moderate means, they were opposed by the forces of extremism. And, little did the Sinhala nationalist extremism realise at that time that their rejection of moderation would beget Tamil nationalist extremism. One extremism, as history tells us, begets and nurtures its exact opposite. In ethnic politics, no single extremism can exist without its own enemy, the ethnic other. One is the mirror image of its own negation.
Ethnic moderation, meanwhile, is a difficult quality for one to maintain at times of heightened ethnic enmities. Moderation requires dispassionate thinking, and looking beyond the past and the present, for a future where ethnic fears, mistrust and suspicion would be set aside in shaping world views among communities. Moderation requires bravery and courage, because it does not allow us to take refuge in easily imagined propositions
like "finish the wa peace.' Moderation i
cause it compels us afresh.
Moderation, to my all virtue, particular system of governa Kumaratunga’s pro tion an exemplary e) moderation. These from extremisms of and quite understal already earned the w 3S well 3S confederationists. T seek to establish where all ethnic com in Sri Lanka with no fear or mistrust w their own identities years, in a new Sri communities will ha' accounts with their same proposals may and reformulation. T
The POliticS Of Terri Border and Settlem
by Rajan Hoole
The Border Will Come To You
Among the most hopeful reflections pointing out a new vision for this country is the recently delivered Felix R. Dias Bandaranaike memorial lecture by Nihal Jayawickrama (Sunday Times, 2/7/95). He found in the body of international human rights covenants the means to rise above the inconclusive partisan arguments and claims that have marred political debate for 40 years. Based on this, he argued: The space that a minority community seeks is not negotiable, and therefore ought not to be conditional upon, or indeed to await, a referendum or national consensus or even a ceasefire. The initiative rests with the Government, and no all-party conferences or peace talks are required to do that which the law and commonsense demand.
Thus the approach that is needed at this critical time contrasts with the timid and defensive one displayed by Prof. G.L. Peiris and others helping in drafting a new constitution. One hopes that the Government would do considerably better in doing what is right, once it unveils the package as it is widely expected to. The fear of attacks from extreme nationalists fails to take into account the good sense the Sinhalese people have shown themselves capable of, when ably led.
Nihal Jayawickra tellectual pilgrimage tain ironies of histo Secretary to the Mir 1973, the clash betw tion policies of succes and counter-measur into the open in th economic hardship that rose sharply a plantation regions, Hill Country Tamils the North-East to This was welcomec cians and activists v help them. On the government mach. geared to promotin ments and inhibitin went into action. E and the police wel these Tamil refugee Since there was the tical space in whic government, a net movement was not names associated w the public mind a and Bradman Wee Batticaloa. As the however, the two of the former, came lightened image.
On the part of were early days wh territory was beginn

15 SEPTEMBER 1995
r before talking s challenging beto think and act
mind, is a politicy in a democratic ince. II consider posals for devolu(ercise in political proposals deviate both nationalisms dably they have rrath of unitarists
separatists/ he proposals also middle ground munities can live mutual suspicion, hile maintaining . May be in ten Lanka where all ve learnt to settle
bitter past, the require revision o put it in slightly
immoderate words, the Kumaratunga proposals are the harbinger of a new Sri Lanka which the moderate majority of the people of all ethnic and linguistic communities would consider as their collective homeland.
As Sri Lanka's own experience in the recent past demonstrates, no nation can place its future in extremism. Being simple and simplistic, all extremisms guarantee disaster to nations. In ethnic relations, only moderation and accommodation would pay.
The Kumaratunga proposals envisage radical re-writing of Sri Lanka's constitution. All opposition to this constitutional project are based on specific understandings of the past. Constitutions are not made to suit the past; on the contrary, they are made for the future. For all extremists, the future is uncertain; but for moderates, the future is a challenge worthy to confront.
(Courtesy - The Sunday Times, 3.9.95).
tory, entS
ma's personal in2 brings us to cerry. When he was histry of Justice in ween the colonisassive governments es by Tamils came e East. Owing to s and starvation t that time in the a large number of made their way to begin new lives. by Tamil politiwho went all out to 2 other hand the inery which was g Sinhalese settleg those by Tamils Emergency powers e used to harass es from starvation. en significant polih to confront the ed for a militant strongly felt. Two rith this episode in re Jayawickrama rakoon, then G.A. years went by, 'them, particularly to acquire an en
the Tamils, these en the question of ning to be seen as a
matter of life and death. Their experience of state sponsored Sinhalese colonisation with communal violence had evoked the strong belief: "If you do not go to the border, the border will come to you'. This was also a precursor to the demand for a separate Tamil state.
The state machinery was itself dominated by persons who saw Sinhalese colonisation in the NorthEast as an ideological imperative. Faced with a Tamil challenge their reaction was one of paranoia, far out of proportion to the reality on the ground. A good inside account is given in M.H. Gunaratne's For a Sovereign State', with the title evoking the spirit of the thinking. Their slogan was in effect, "If you do not push the border into the Tamil dominated North-East, the border will come to you.' In the wake of the violence of July 1983 which found the Tamil community on its knees with its leadership in disarray, minds in the Ministry of Mahaveli Development were running riot. They imagined an organised movement of Tamils moving up the Maduru Oya and Yan Oya river basins to encroach on lands designated for development and colonisation by the ministry. They in turn became party to mounting an army of Sinhalese encroachers, who led by Dimbulagala Thero, marched into the Batticaloa District and squatted on Maduru Oya lands. The Government which was under considerable pressure from India and the international community to resolve the ethnic problem was forced to call off the exercise. Gamini Dissanaike who was then minister in charge of Mahaveli Development,

Page 17
15 SEPTEMBER 1995
though under pressure from his officials, appears to have avoided committing himself. A cautious politician, though not necessarily a principled one, he generally seems to have appreciated the difference between being today's hero and tomorrow's leader. His general disposition suggests that his complicity in the Welli Oya project, another infamous border exercise, was a reluctant one, particularly in view of his commitment to the Indo-Lanka Accord of 1987. The project ran contrary to the spirit of the Accord. He left behind a last testament in the form of his manifesto for the presidential elections of 1994 before tragedy overtook him.
In his manifesto Gamini had committed himself to a federal future for this country with a view to resolving the ethnic conflict. He had been intellectually clear that the country must rise above endless ethnic sparring, if it were to find a respected place among the modern community of nations.
The statements by professionals
The three instances of men in public life I have referred to above represent a much wider drift. There are very few in mainstream political life who would argue strenuously against the federal concept, and the majority perhaps would accept it as a matter of course. In view of this the two statements by groups of eminent professionals which appeared in the week-end papers respectively of 18th June and 2nd July are puzzling. The first was against federalism and the second against a hypothetical interim council for the North-East. What is striking however are the arguments presented and the state of mind these individuals betray. The arguments are predicated on attributing to the Tamil-mind a permanent desire to separate and an inexorable desire to drive out Sinhalese colonists from the border
teaS.
Given the tragedies of postindependence history, they fail to see in federalism, the only arrangement perhaps, that could inaugurate a course of convergence, accommodation and the spirit of pluralism between peoples, that we as a country had lost. They see rather in the Tamil mind a reflection of their own, that was largely responsible for the deteriorating state of affairs. In 1982 the border areas of the North-East were accessito all communities. Today much of -: es accessible only to armed men. The u rit of the Government does not run in h of this territory. The testimony - red by Gunaratne in his book abattitudes within his ministry at
the highest levels professional engine about the disinteg Lankan State. Oı Ministry had set it pushing the borde) East, every Tamil sional became a t who had sung and undergraduates be hind a facade of for was separation.
A link between t ments and the po which moved senic the Mahaveli Minist days of mid-1983 oc of S.L. Gunasekera, in both statement important figure in Some key sentime) statement signed b strongly reflect thos recent television int for these unsung an [i.e. settlers in borde would necessarily ha areas of control, an pura may not have The above matters and East are in the war. Only our arm help of civilians guid the forces can wint
These casual word and sub-human ex Sinhalese civilians i being condemned their elite peers, mo ly ignorant. This w very beginning. The was started in Mahaveli officials w the military. The Sinhalese colonists gion between the N ern provinces. The was characteristic. from among the inn pura prison. Havin! Kent and Dollar fa Tamil residents wel remaining Tamil re were systematical convicts and the f rape of women methods employed ber the LTTE lau massacre of Sinhal area, resulting in settlers to Pada Gunaratne recalls pany which incl went to deliver re settlers. They wer Bohran of the Sri take their rations distribute them th Padaviya, lest the of retiring from th

TAM TIMES 17
including senior rs, tells us much ation of the Sri xe the Mahaveli elf the agenda of into the Northofficial or profesaitor. Colleagues brunk together as ame enemies behal relations. This
nese recent stateitics of paranoia professionals in ry during the dark urs in the person the last signatory . He is also an Gunaratne's book. its in the second 58 intellectuals, e voiced by him in erviews — viz. “But d neglected heroes r areas the Tigers ave extended their d even Anuradhabeen "safe". . . . . apart, the North grip of a terrible 2d forces with the led and directed by hat war.“
ls belie the brutish listence to which n border areas are by the politics of st of them obviousas clear from the Weli Oya scheme mid-1984 with orking closely with dea was to plant in the border reorthern and Eastchoice of pioneers They were drawn Lates of Anuradhainstalled them at ms from which the e driven away, the sidents in the area r harassd by the rces. Murder and vere among the On 30th Novemched its first ever ese settlers in this a mass exodus of iya as refugees. how he in a comded Gunasekera ief rations to the advised by Major Lankan Army to to Weli Oya and re, rather than in ettlers get the idea vocation designed
for them. That gives us a dark hint of their real situation. They, along with women and children, were in effect conscripted frontline troops.
The experience of these Sinhalese over the years needs to be heard to be believed. Living close to army camps they often do not know if they protect the army or the army protects them. Men recruited as home guards are commonly sent into bunkers in the night with shotguns, while soldiers violate their wives at home. The catalogue of indignities is a long one, and this is not confined to Weli Oya. This is the irony of 'unsung heroes' guided and directed' by the armed forces.
The signatories to these statements have been utterly insensitive to how the politics behind these border exercises have affected some of the poorer sections of the Sinhalese population, and what the Tamil experience of it has been. Several of the signatories are senior engineering dons and professional engineers - some of whose names I was familiar with when was an engineering student. We then regarded ourselves the most enlighened body of students in the University of Ceylon. They fail to understand how this political outlook not just gave
separatism an air of inevitability and
contributed to the growth of the LTTE, but the resulting brutalisation of society, also precipated the JVP phenomenon and the internecine bloodletting that ensued. While many, like Nihal Jayawickrama have had the honesty, intellectual grit and sense of responsibility to learn from the past, these intellectuals it appeas have been untouched by the last twenty years. It is as though having kept their heads down for nearly 20 years, they have woken up to be led along haunted ways, strewn with corpses and skeletons, by those determined not to learn.
The Tamil experience
To understand what the border came to mean to Tamils in the East, I give here the story related to me by Kulanthaivadivel from Karaitivu. His father was among those who settled in the 16th and 24th colonies of the Gal Oya scheme. The family fled the area in 1956 owing to communal violence initiated by employees of the Gal Oya Development Board. The family moved to Pottuvil in 1958. In 1981 his sister Saraswathy married Tharmaratnam who was a farmer in Lahugala. On 16th June 1990, following the outbreak of war, Saraswathy, with her husband, two children and four other men set off to seek refuge in Thirukko
Continued on page 18

Page 18
18 TAMIL TIMES
Continued from page 17
vil. During the journey, the five men were taken by the STF and were never seen again. To many of these people the border was a symbol that portended death, threatening everything they valued.
This fear also had the effect of transforming a pluralistic outlook into one conforming to the new political myth of a 2000 years old monolithic Tamil Nation' in a state of permanent conflict with the 'Sinhalese Nation'. An interesting case is that of the Cirpathakkarar who inhabit the Kallar area, south of Batticaloa. with a reputation for toughness and hardihood, they are regarded as the men of the borders. Many of their young men have fought and died in Tamil militant groups subscribing to a single Tamil nation their grandfathers knew nothing of. The latter in fact regarded the Kandy Arasan (King of Kandy) as their benefactor, whose subjects their forefathers were.
The movement to protect the borders began in earnest after the communal violence of August 1977 which resulted in a large influx of Hill Country Tamils into the North-East. Severall eminent Tamils dedicated themselves selflessly to the task that experience had taught them to believe in passionately. Several of them risked their positions and indeed their life. Among them were K. Kanthasamy, a successful company lawyer who ran the Tamil Refugees Rehabilitation Organisation (TRRO) office in Colombo, A. David, an architect and Dr. Rajasundaram, who was in charge of the Gandhiyam with its head office in Vavuniya. Gandhiyam was engaged in settling refugees in several parts of the North-East, helped by many people and young volunteers on the ground. I was part of an expatriate group that helped the TRRO in a modest manner. When I visited Ceylon in December 1978, Kanthasamy recommended that I called on Rajasundaram in Vavuniya. When I did, Rajasundaram took me to several villages where the refugees had successfully cultivated Ulanthu. At one point he told me that it may be good to have in each village two volunteers trained in the use of arms. The idea was that if the Government of the day or the armed forces arranged for a mob to attack a village, the initial resistance would allow time for the matter to be raised politically. The need was prompted by a perception that identified the new UNP Government with mobs, anarchy and lawlessness.
I do recall Rajasundaram's wife Shanthy (nee Karalasingam) a doctor
who ran Vavuniya her husband in hi. note of anxiety ab their children. Her out were well-found was detained undel Terrorism Act in til up to July 1983 and Tamils murdered it in the Jayewardene prison massacre. U July 1983 violence forcibly transporte fugees to disperses accomplished all th Mahaveli officials a was antamount to Banquo's ghost.
Kanthasamy had and perhaps the fi kade detainees, byl shortly before July later, following his try, he disappea abducted by the T By the mid-80s, been troubled by th ter of the Tamil in He used to tell som partly in jest, "I an up much of my le gave up drinking only for the cause live. Perhaps if I sooner and that m
The events of the to the diverse cha struggle and the sa a section of it align overtly nationalist ting this era and r the Tamil struggle is represented as t
Just after the 19 mixed group of pe tandem in the ar. There were as a between middle some who later p militant movemen
Even as the mil under way, the f general belief that not jeopardise th The PLOTE is ac ing the Gandhiy State a handle to using Gandhiyam run attacks on ti very different fro of arms that Raj me about. Others Gandhiyam for ge PLOTE. The mili little thought to the defenceless the hill country, lages.
With the scene tant, a number

15 SEPTEMBER 1995
linic and helped
work, striking a ut the future of fears as it turned d. Rajasundaram the Prevention of e months leading was among the 55
Welikade Prison regime's infamous nder cover of the the armed forces l hundreds of rettlements. Having s, the fears among ind their associates the appearance of
evaded detention, te of the 55 Wellieaving for England 1983. Five years eturn to this counured after being amil group EROS. Kanthasamy had e changing charachilitant movement. e in his circle, only a bachelor. I gave gal practice, and I and smoking. It is of the Tamils that I drank, I would die ay be a good thing.”
70s bear testimony racter of the Tamil acrifices made. Only ed to the TULF was It is only by forgetnuch of the 80s that with great injustice he LTTE's struggle. 77 violence, a fairly 'sons had worked in a of refugee relief. result personal ties :lass activists and layed a role in the t.
tant movement got rmer entertained a the militants would e refugee villages. used of compromism and giving the rack down on it by villages for hit and e Forces. This was n the defensive use sundaram had told blame figures in the ting too close to the ants evidently gave he vulnerability of amils, mostly from ettled in these vil
ecoming more milif persons who had
worked hard earlier, taking substantial risks, retired and became mere observers. As the struggle drifted increasingly away from the well-being of the people, history had to be rewritten. There is little doubt that in the LTTE's version of history, all these people who made sacrifices for their fellows would go down as traitors, or as non-persons.
The LTTE & the borders
In June 1990 the LTTE was having talks with the Premadasa Government which had commenced 14 months earlier. On the 11th its cadre surrounded a large number of police stations in the East. In the course ofan attempt to patch up matters the Government ordered the policemento surrender with their arms. The LTTE executed hundreds of Muslims and Sinhalese among the disarmed policemen and fled into the jungles. In the resulting wrath of the Sri Lankan forces, hundreds of Tamils in border areas were the first victims of their vindictive frenzy. The resulting insecurity served the LTTE well. In turn the anger of the recruits who joined the LTTE was vented on Sinhalese and Muslim villages.
To many old hands the nature and consequences of the LTTE's tactics were very clear. They saw these as disastrous for the Tamils. One of them who had worked with Kanthsamy told me: 'Soon after the Indo-Lanka Accord of 1987, I went with the LTTE's Batticaloa leader Karikalan and showed him the border villages. I took him to Keviliamadu, near Arantalawa, on the Amparai - Maha Oya Road. I told him, "Look, whatever you do in future, remember that there are Tamils living in these places." What happened? Today, the Tamils are refugees. The Keviliamadu school is a Sri Lankan forces' camp, and Sinhalese settlers have been placed there to protect the forces.'
Another leading citizen in Batticaloa told me: "I do not know if we have a future. My pessimism goes back several years. When Brigadier Dhar was in charge of the IPKF (Indian army) here, he told some of us, "If the LTTE goes on fighting like this, in five years from now you will find Sinhalese settling here in ready-made houses.” I believe he was not very wrong.'
Borders and the politics of permanent conflict
There is on the one hand urban centred extreme Sinhalese nationalist opinion whose attitude to the border question drives the Tamils into a corner, lacerates the weakest segments of Sinhalese society, and allows no room

Page 19
15 SEPTEMBER 1995
for a political settlement. On the other hand there are also Tamil nationalists, who along with the LTTE, draw sustenance from keeping the border issue alive to go on playing at their brand of politics. To this end they would resort to any distortion of the truth to maintain that the Sinhalese and their governments are incorrigibly vile. This requires that Sinhalese individuals who try to understand the Tamil problem, and any enlightened body of opinion among the Sinhalese need to be devalued and discredited.
Weli Oya, its displaced Tamils and captive Sinhalese settlers comprise the worst sore on the borders. A number of sensitive Sinhalese had come to realise that the border problems cannot be handled in the way they had been. The editor of a Sinhalese weekly visited a Sinhalese border settlement in Polonnaruwa District last year. The settlement had been largely evacuated. The editor asked a farmer why he remained there while others had fled. The farmer replied that he preferred to eke out a living there rather than lead the life of a refugee elsewhere. But he did not know if he would be alive the following week. The editor heard a few weeks later that the farmer had been killed by the LTTE. He was one among hundreds of "unsung heroes' who died not through any desire to be heroic, but because he was poor.
The new PA Government launched a peace process towards the end of 1994, which came unstuck in April 1995 when the LTTE broke the ceasefire. A spate of arguments have been put forward by Tamil nationalists to justify the LTTE and to demonstrate the PA Government's alleged insincerity. One argument adduced to this end is that the Government made no move during the peace process to correct the gross injustice done to Tamils who lived in Manal Aru (Weli Oya). True, the Government was preoccupied with trying to respond to some strange demands by the LTTE, two of which were unreasonable. One was to remove the Puneryn Army Camp and the other to allow LTTE cadres to move in the Government controlled East with arms. There is no record of any strong or sustained demand by the LTTE concerning Weli Oya, either in talks with the PA Government or in talks with the Premadasa Government five years ago.
On the other hand, the Weli Oya issue was the subject of a campaign by the Peace With Democracy Movement. It was mainly Sinhalese who argued the case for correcting the injustice. Their Movement was having a peace rally in Parakramapura, Padaviya, on 29th January, in which settlers from
Weli Oya were als During previous visit Movement had been by the manner in wh were trapped. A filr presidential film unit mapura on the same ary - when the Peace rally was held. Sinha Weli Oya were inte Their message was i not take it much lon sake, do something here.' Living betw. threat to their life, a and inhuman regime hardly a thing to be tributes were paid to by those ignorant of
At one level it is The LTTE did nothir Sinhalese or the Tam peaceful or democrat demands in peace t amounted to jockey advantage. Not sur duct left the Army a feeling very nervous,
Moreover, if negot as mainly a matte LTTE demands, it seemed foolish and take the intitiative matter the LTTE h; the other hand if the a clear mind that t was about giving ( Tamil people and in LTTE, it would ha address the Weli Oya issue was not bein. mediately, in term: ment's aims concerr much to gain by scre educating the Sinha
I believe that hac even a little sensitiv of Tamils, and had a so as not to make threatened, Weli Oy fundamental issues flict could have be does not however ex ment for its lack ( exaggerated fear of ist lobby. The fau significant extent wi ist politics under tl LTTE, where the tri have ceased to matt
Peace
We are today (Ju bitter phase of the Lankan Army atte Jaffna. The cost to enormous even if tl during the first week factors enumerated: buted to it:- viz. the

TAMIL TIMES 19
o to take part. is to the area, the very much struck ich these settlers n crew from the went to Parakraday - 29th JanuWith Democracy lese settlers from rviewed on film. n short: "We canger. For goodness and get us out of een the LT"TE's nd the oppressive of the Army was desired, even if them in Colombo their plight.
understandable. g to convince the il people about its ic intentions. The alks cited above ring for military prisingly, its connd the Sinhalese
iations were seen r of reacting to would also have burdensome to on Weli Oya - a ad not raised. On Government had the peace process onfidence to the „ot appeasing the lve done well to issue. Even if the g addressed im3 of the Governning peace, it had ening the film and lese masses.
the LTTE been to the well-being icted in a manner the Sinhalese feel a as well as most in the ethnic conen resolved. This cuse the Governof clarity and its the elite chauvinIt also lies to a bh Tamil nationalhe shadow of the Lth and the people er.
ly 1995) amidst a
war, with the Sri
mpting to retake civilians has been he actual fighting was minimal. All above have contriabsence of clear
political priorities on the part of the Government, the lying and dissimulation that go into Tamil nationalist politics, the paranoia and insensitivity governing Sinhalese nationalism and the sense of inadequacy among the Armed Forces. The last two have mutually reinforced each other. Twelve years ago the Sinhalese nationalist lobby and the military establishment combined to push the border into the North-East. Today the advocates of the move find themselves talking of even Anuradhapura not being safe, or the border coming to Anuradhapura. By being insensitive to how their handling of the matter affected the Tamils, they set off reactions leading to their own discomfiture and the country towards division.
The need of the hour is a political initiative that would eliminate fear and suspicion among the communities. If one community loses the fear of iving in an area where another community is in the majority, the border question would lose its sting. Once it ceases to be an issue of survival, the solution to it would not be such a contentious issue.
The most important aspect of the resolution lies in the reform of the state machinery to reflect the country's plural character. The adoption of the slogan "If you do not go to the border, the border will come to you', ultimately has its origin in the breakdown of the state into an entity capable of articulating only a populist and communal standpoint. Communal violence, the border pushing antics of the Mahaveli Authority and the post 1956 evolution of the Sri Lankan Armed Forces into an almost exclusively Sinhalese body, are some of the extreme manifestations of this process. The sheer unpleasantness of the developing mood within the institution drove several Tamil army officers to take early retirement in the 60s and 70s. Border fears were paralleled by a growing feeling within each community that it needed an armed force comprising members of that community to protect its interests. As long as the character of the state lends credibility to this logic, there cannot be a country that is either united or at peace. The consequences of this logic have been ruinous for every community. It is left to the Government to take the initiative and reverse this course of disintegration.
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Page 20
20 TAM TIMES
“Leave Us Alon
TO Decide
By Rev. S.J.
Our Fa
Emmanuel,
Vicar General of Jaffna
It is very encouraging to see that professionals, intellectuals and eminent citizens of this country are at last coming out of their political silence and in groups voicing their own views about the ethnic conflict and its resolution. Leaving national issues entirely in the hands of politicians, however selfless a few of them may have been, the conflict has caused much disaster to the whole country.
During those very valuable and decisive post-independence decades, the country has been led into blind alleys and to the brink of disaster by many self-seeking politicians. The spectacle of death and destruction in the country during the last few years should open the eyes of the other leaders of this country - in the field of religion, society, culture, education, etc. to be vigilant participants in the debates about national issues and throw in their valuable contributions in the building of unity and peace in this country.
Had our leaders in these fields expressed their opinions and reactions fearlessly and early enough to what was enacted and staged in this country forty years ago, Sri Lanka would have become a model in Asia for a life of unity among multi-ethnic and multireligious groups.
Living in Jaffn access to all that days in the Colom luck I had a chan them. There was greater interest be group-letters, it wa ethnic group - an social contract (S, July 15, 1995). Th in reacting to thes citizen, I consider useful to give some
I appreciate the v lated by an emine group living in and ethnic city of Color help in dispelling di some basic issues tremists and chauv only the vision and of the educated eli But definitely it fa aspirations of the v ordinary Sinhalese in the South and country.
Let me briefly po misconceptions and appeal as seen from are not pointed out appeals can weak genuine aspiration: ing in the North a
The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam are not aliens arrived from a different planet. They are the children of the Tamil people, the sons and daughters of the Tamil soil. They cannot be isolated and separated from the Tamil masses', said Rev. Fr. S.J. Emmanuel, Vicar General of Jaffna Diocese in an interview to the BBC last week.
Answering a question on the proposed package of devolution Fr. Emmanuel said that these proposals are being discussed and consulted with those who are living outside the Northeast. "If those proposals for devolution are addressed to the Northeast region, then the people of the Northeast have to be consulted', he said.
"It is those who are not aware of the intimate relations between the LTTE and the Tamil people who claim that the Tigers and the people are separate.
"Tigers Are Not Aliens
- Rev.
Emmanuel
*So far the propos the Government of not submitted for th the people of the No being discussed an the Northeast. This whether these prop out for the resolut problem. If this pac is intended to settl tion, then it has to b LTTE”, Fr. Emmanu The Tigers are not a a different planet. ' dren of the Tamil pe daughters of the Ta fighting for the righ Their struggle is n rights of any othe Emmanuel explain further said that pe will be restored onc withdraw from the

15 SEPTEMBER 1995
te”
a, I do not have is published these bo Press. By some ce to read some of one I read with cause, unlike other s signed by a multiappeal for a new unday Observer of ough I may be late e, still as a Jaffna it important and ! of my comments. iews clearly articuht and multi-ethnic around the "multimbo”. Though it will oubts and clarifying raised by some exinists, it articulates sentiments mostly tists of the capital. lls far short of the rast majority of the and Tamils living the North of this
int out some of the
drawbacks of this the North. If these , I am afraid such 2n or damage the is of the Tamils livnd East and make
als announced by Kumaratunga are e consideration of rtheast. They are debated outside make one wonder osals are worked ion of the Tamil kage of devolution the Tamil quese submitted to the el pointed out. liens arrived from They are the chilople, the sons and „mil soil. They are its of their people. ot to deprive the r community', Fr d. Fr. Emmanuel ace and normalcy the armed forces Northeast.
their aspirations appear as unreasonable and extremist.
Under an undefined term 'nationalists', the group appears to include a variety of people with divergent views on both sides of the divide and still make sweeping remarks which are applicable only to extremists. They forget the fact that there is a large constituency of moderates on both sides of the divide, who will not share the group's views because they are largely based on the life-style, experience and interests of "Colombo-based English educated elitist multi-ethnic group'. The aspirations and problems of the vast majority living outside the city are quite different.
The group tends to fight shy of nationalism as if it were a narrow communalism. The majority of Sinhalese and Tamils will definitely cherish their race and nationality without slipping into narrow racism or nationalism or evaporating into a hollow cosmopolitanism or universalism as expressed by this Colombo-based
group.
Hostile
Let's have our feet firm on the ground and our head high enough to accommodate all those living in the city as well as those living in the country. Far too long, the country has been paying a high price for the powerpolitics, ambitions and comforts of those living at the centre. It is high time those at the centre grew to be more altruistic and thought of the peripheries too.
Nationality is not conferred on a people just by their number or from the beginning of history. It is a stage in the historical growth of a people. It is the maturation of a collective consciousness as one people with a common language, culture, land and other heritages. The Sinhalese are justly proud of becoming a true nation after independence from colonialism. And they have a right to build themselves up still more as a nation, but certainly not at the expense of other ethnic groups in this country.
The Tamils of Sri Lanka, being a minority in this country, have taken a longer time to attain this collective consciousnes as a nation, and it is bound to stay. This maturing to nationhood, is not simply based on some nostalgic memories of a kingdom and land, but more on the collective experience of the last forty years. It was a collective suffering of death and destruction in the hands of a hostile government that catalyst the maturation to nationhood.
Hence the permanent and peaceful

Page 21
15 SEPTEMBER 1995
solution to the ethnic crisis in this country is not to continue in an artificial political framework of one nationstate, but to mutually recognize the national status of various communities and find a political framework to live in a united Sri Lanka of many nations. Instead of clinging on to an artificial and colonial one nation-state system, and loosing loves for 'an integrity, sovereignty and unity' which were never built up, let us create a more realistic political framework that will accommodate all of us as good neighbours and citizens of one country.
Forgetting the long history of suffering in the North and East, the group speaks only, and that too rather superficially, of a history of discrimination and dares to undervalue, or even ridicule as chauvinist's bluff and myopic or masochistic, issues like the right of self-determination and of homeland. These two terms - self-determination and traditional homeland - are often misquoted and misinterpreted on the Sinhala side.
Because of the lack of any prolonged history of suffering that the people of the North and East have gone through, the Tamils and Muslims of Colombo can base their demands merely on some secondary discriminations with regard to their promotions to the highest rungs of the ladder. But the discriminations suffered by those living in the North and East go much further than the little discomfort experienced by the elite of Colombo.
Just reflect a little what the Tamils living in the North and East have gone through, not just for a short period, but for four decades, fifteen years of war and the last five years without the basic human needs and subject to shelling and bombing from all sides. Even today, the fact that we survive the army shelling of the peninsula - day and night - is a continuous miracle which none in the south or in Colombo will understand.
Besides the fact that the "State has consistently, institutionally and deliberately discriminated against the Tamils', the four decades of death and destruction suffered by those living in the North and East have pushed them to the corner, to seek refuge in their right of self-determination and the right for a secure homeland.
Homeland
Hence the group's dismissal of the demand of the Tamils of North and East, as based on frivolous concept of 'self-determination' and "traditional homeland' and calling such demands irrelevant, archaic and redundant' is
Continued on page 29
Editorial, “linside Sri Lankaj.
Foreign Governme with enthusiasm ti atunga's programı to the national con Australian, Briti French Governm welcomed the Pre package and hailec a 'courageous step peace and finding tion to this seethi in the island.
Everyone is well most in the think ernments is theil that the national has ravaged the is few decades is re tions of permanent stability prevail, f are secured and en ing a major contrib mic growth and m the people. There a who would dispute political and soci Sadly however, su cial existence are n as many foreig obviously believe in the top priority of
The eagerness ments to see that t a conclusion is ref manner they have Colombo prior to voice of the people foreign Governme waited and studied ing out from the No have been left in lit is a fundamental tween their assess dent's politico-mil and those of the T dent Kumaratung: solution to the Tam includes both a po strategy. Foreign their response t underplayed the n taken up and high tion package as cel of the conflict. How of the Northeast t age has little mea and has not bee slightest of seri among the peopl package has bee dowed by the milit Government.
President Kum programme for the option for the LT

TAMIL TIMES 21
lissing the Point
Report, 15 August '95, published from Jaffna, northern
nts are responding President Kumarhe for a resolution lict. The American, h, Canadian and nts have already sident's devolution her programme as towards restoring a permanent solung national conflict
aware that upperng of foreign Govgenuine concern contradiction that land over the past solved; that condipeace and political oreign investments couraged and maklution to the econolaterial progress of re not many people with such an ideal o-economic order. ch conditions of soot as easily created in Governments or are they always many peoples. of foreign Governnis conflict draws to lected in the hasty showered praise on even hearing the in the Northeast. If nts had patiently the responses comrtheast they would tle doubt that there contradiction bement of the Presiitary formulations amil people. Presi's programme for a il national question litical and military Governments, in o Colombo, have lilitary component, lighted the devolutral to a resolution ever, for the people le devolution packning to their lives given even the ous consideration e. The devolution totally overshaary strategy of the
ratunga's political people and military E, everyone in the
Northeast is well aware, is a ludicrous political position that is not only impractical but has all the hallmarks of an exercise in legitimising war. The military destruction of the LTTE, the people know very well, is not the easy task that the Government thinks nor, may we add, is it the wish of the people. Devolution of power is not an issue for a people facing the real threat of major military aggression and war. For them the central obsession at the moment is survival.
In a very subtle manner the suggestion made by foreign Governments that the LTTE lay down arms and surrender and enter the political mainstream is an articulation of their conception of how they view the solution to the military threat posed by the Sri Lanka State to the people of Jaffna. By trying to shift the responsibility for the impending military operations in the Jaffna Peninsula onto the LTTE, some foreign Governments have chosen to ignore the history of the Tamil people's struggle and underestimated the political judgement of the LTTE. To suggest that the Colombo proposals are substantial and reasonable grounds for the LTTE to lay down arms is a gross oversimplification of the politics of the North, an extra-ordinary underestimation of the LTTE's commitment and political consciousness and a much too flippant reading of the Government’s genuineness. Is it fair and reasonable for foreign Governments to expect a liberation movement that has single-handedly fought and struggled for the past twenty years in pursuit of its political objectives to lay down arms and surrender on the basis of a flimsy political package advanced by a Sinhala-Buddhist State that has a notorious history of abrogating pacts and agreements. Furthermore, the proposals are as yet not finalised but have been put forward for public debate and are available for all forms of changes and modifications. To lay down arms for intangible proposals would not only be political suicide for the LTTE but national suicide for the Tamils also.
At this time when the Tamil people are faced with extreme danger and large scale destruction by the State forces, the good offices of foreign Governments to encourage the Sri Lanka State to desist from prosecuting the military option and urging the parties in conflict to return to the negotiating table is what the people expect from the international community.

Page 22
22 TAMIL TIMES
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Page 23
15 SEPTEMBER 1995
The Reality of the L Must be Recognis
by Jehan Perera
The Sri Lankan Government's release of its proposals to devolve power to the regions represents its long awaited peace package' to end a 12 year long civil war. The government's devolution proposals have earned praise internationally and deservedly so. These proposals to resolve the ethnic conflict seek to redefine the constitutional foundations of a plural society in a time of bitterly divisive civil war. By granting federalism in all but name they go further than any other set of proposals to resolve the ethnic conflict put forward by mainstream political parties in the country.
On the other hand there has been, in effect, an unholy alliance of Sinhalese nationalists, militant Buddhist monks and the LTTE who are in opposition to the government's proposals. The brutality of the LTTE cart bomb that killed over 20 civilians in Colombo shortly after the release of the proposals, the nit-picking over certain words in the proposals and the alarmist falsehoods being spread about them are a part of Sri Lanka's present ugly reality.
There is a blatant appeal to base emotions by hardline nationalist groups. Statements such as the one put out last week by the MEP, a nationalist Sinhalese political party, that Sri Lanka has been 'a unitary state for thousands of years' would be comic if not fraught with such pernicious consequence in terms of rousing fear, anger and mistrust. This statement is historically inaccurate. It is politically misleading and is meant to sabotage the proposals on the grounds that they will lead to the dismemberment of the country.
There is a danger that in the next few weeks, as the opponents of the devolution proposals unite to attack them, that the vision that underlies and permeates the government's devolution proposals will be pushed into second place. Unfortunately the first place, even now, appears to be given to tactical considerations. Divisions are appearing within the government's own ranks concerning the devolution proposals. Even those members of the government who are standing by them are explaining the
devolution proposals to their consti
tuents as being hi devolution proposa fied on the sole necessary to politi militarily defeat th
Such an explana tion proposals m placate Sinhalese short term. But t coming out of this in the longer term. anti-LTTE line in considerable sectic population. For a ness and intransi represents the Ta terest in the minds including Estate Thondaman. The Sinhalese recognis adjust themselves
Second there is that even should t devolution proposa the Tamil people, 1 militarily defe weakened in the term. The fact is exclusively Sinha Lankan armed forc Tamil-majority ar. let their guard dow be a potential LT eyes of a soldier w death and they al dingly. In such situations even a devolution propos irrelevant in deter1 ties of the Tamil
TEGES
The government age deserves to su has a flaw in it t fatal. The LTTE brought into the volution proposals, power to the north to the other regio) the equality of t Tamil languages a ment of the govern society are meant causes of the eth they have not ad addressed to, the L trols part of the which can destab country. Longer strongly suggest t. ment needs to start

TAMIL TIMES 23
TE ed
ghly tactical. The ls are being justiground as being cally isolate and e LTTE.
tion of the devoluay be meant to opinion in the here is a danger tactical approach First, the strong it may alienate ons of the Tamil ll their ruthlessgence, the LTTE mil national in; of many Tamils, Tamil leader Mr. sooner that the e this reality and to it the better.
little guarantee the government's ls be accepted by the LTTE can be ated or even short or medium
that when the la-speaking Sri es march into the eas they cannot n. Any Tamil can TE cadre in the tho faces sudden e treated accorlife-threatening very fine set of als can become mining the loyalpeople of those
's political packcceed but it also hat could prove
has not been picture. The de
by transferring -east region and ns, by affirming he Sinhala and nd the commitment to a plural
to address the hic conflict. But tressed, or been TTE which con
north-east and ilise the entire
term realities nat the governtalking again to
the LTTE.
The problem is that the LTTE is viewed as a demon by the government and most Sinhalese who believe that the LTTE will never wish to relinquish the near absolute power they already wield in the north in return for peace and democracy. The unilateral termination of the four month long cessation of hostilities agreement by the LTTE in April, and the military damage they infleted on the government forces by their surprise attack, came as a stunning blow to the government and the peace lobby.
Even the usually amiable Constitutional Affairs Minister Prof. G.L. Peiris has taken a hard line on the matter of the LTTE's participation in dialogueing on the devolution proposals. He has said that the government has no intention of sending the devolution proposals to them. Earlier President Chandrika Kumaratunga said that a ceasefire would have to be on the government’s terms and only if the LTTE agreed to substantially disarm themselves.
A ceasefire would certainly save lives. There is nothing more valuable than human life. But a ceasefire is not absolutely necessary for dialogue on the devolution proposals to commence between the govenment and LTTE and within the north-east also. To begin with, the LTTE has an obligation to permit the Tamil people to voice their opinion on the devolution proposals. The voice of the Tamil people in the LTTE-controlled northeast region too must be heard. By permitting this the LTTE will be showing they are willing to accept the democratic values that are necessary for genuine peace to be born in the island.
For peace to occur betwen opponents who hold contrary positions there has to be compromise. Or else one side has to be destroyed. The LTTE may reject the devolution proposals or ignore them at this time. But once the Tamil people begin to feel in their hearts that the government has made them a fair offer, sooner or later the LTTE will have to take notice and be more amenable to compromise.
Land in Colombo For Sale 7 Perches, Alexandra Place, Colombo 7, for sale. Rs. 100,000 per perch. Contact Mayuresa Mahadeva, C/Galeon 11 - 9A, 28042 Madrid, Spain.

Page 24
24 TAM TIMES
Emergence of Economic Na
by T.N. Gopalan
For more than four years now it has been dinned into the ears of those who could understand the message as also those who could not that economic liberalisation is the panacea for all the evils afflicting the Indian sub-continent.
Foreign exchange reserves are growing, the GDP is going up, the inflation is going down and Europeans and Americans flush with the greenback are flocking to the Indian shores, the paradise is at hand-such was the hype worked up both by the government and the media sold on the New Economic Policy.
Suddenly the NEP-men seem to have been struck with terror. They know not what has hit them and are pressing panic buttons in the wake of the abrupt cancellation of the multi-crore Enron power project by the Shiv Sena-BJP government in Maharashtra.
Whether this marks the beginning of the end of a wonderful dream conjured up by the whizzkids ahead of their times, would the foreign investors lose confidence in India at large, at this rate will the spectre of a power famine begin to haunt the country in the next few years, more than anything else what this 'assertion of national will, this impetus to a swadeshi economic policy, means for the future of liberalisation - the votaries of Manmohanomics are agonising over such questions these days.
Even during the run-up to the Assembly polls in Maharashtra early this year, the Shiv Sena-BJP campaign vowed to scrap the US multi-national Enron Development Corporation’s 2015 MW project at Dabhol off the state's coast.
And the alliance won — not necesarily on an anti-Enron plank is another matter. But the lame-duck Sharad Pawar government clinched the deal on Feb.25 when everyone knew by that time the saffron brigade had triumphed though the results had not yet been declared.
Six months later Chief Minister Manohar Joshi unilaterally announced the repudiation of the contract to build a 695 MW project and the cancellation of the 1430 MW Phase II regardless of the legal or financial consquences.
No competitive bids had been called, capital costs inflated, environmental angle ignored, and a high return of 29 per cent assured for the promoters and in dollars at that, the Gopinath Munde committee, which went into the deal pointed out.
It also came to light, much to the
embarrassment ofb ad Pawar, that by ment the multi-na' appointed as a brok Dabhol project with was itself a gas ma the gas prices and
A trail of decep classic case of a bumpkin taken for talking three-piece A situation tailor economic nationalis did not fail to rise
The supply-sider ashtra government being short-sighte raised hair-raising ign investments dry the Joshi adminis sums it might ha compensation to t ultimately the peop. for its folly and tl national business c
Strangely for onc al parties and the S themselves on the divide.
The CPM and 1 always been oppos la Manmohan Sing to influence develo gave full-throated ashtra government
Even Prof. Jagid day Reaganite, fe served to be scrapp of transparency.
Well, the heave Economic activity halt. Still the fo knocking at the In Enron is desperat deal renegotiated. seven other fast-tre lobbying hard to c. contracts without a
“When the Pate passed by the parli authority has been and insurance sect has not been restr the demands of an on, the scrapping 0. body blow to Nev lament the NEP-n
However, Mr. S
convenor of the Sw (SJM), (National
 

15 SEPTEMBER 1995
tionalism
oth Enron and Sharthe February agreeional had got itself er to buy gas for the out disclosing that it lor and could control upplies. tion and intrigue, a third world country a ride by a smoothsuited westerner. '-made indeed for the its to strike, and they a the occasion. is accused the Maharof playing politics, of d, editorial writers prospects of all forering up and reminded tration of the huge ave to fork out as he Enron and how ble would have to pay he international and ommunity tut-tutted. e both the left politicangh Parivaar found e same side of the
he CPI which have ed to liberalisation a h but have little clout pments on that front cheers to the Mahar
for its bold step. ish Bhagwati, lattert that the deal deed because of its lack
ns have not fallen. has not ground to a reign investors are dian doors. Even the ly trying to get the MNCs involved in ck power projects are inch their respective ny further delay. its Bill has not been ament, no regulatory set up for the telecom ors, the legal system ictured in tune with open economy and so Enron has come as a Delhi's credibility, e.
Gurumuthy, a codeshi Jagran Manch Awareness Move
ment), and who led the anti-Enron campaign, says, The coming days are of the market and not of the capital...we are not a banana republic and we will not be dictated to by anyone...If investors could still queue up before Beijing notwithstanding Tienanamen or Wung Fu, why should we worry. After all Dabhol is not Tienanamen...'.
Incidentally the SJM is an RSS front organisation, and the BJP is likely to make economic nationalism a major plank. Though it may not oppose liberalisation as such, it could still hope to cash in on the resentment of those who have not yet benefited by the “trickle down' and of those sections in the business community affected by the entry of the MNCs.
Even the mid-term appraisal of the Eighth Plan by the Planning Commission has blown to smithereens the loud claims of successful economic management and has shown whether in GDP or employment generation or growth in manufacturing, the performance has fallen far short of the targets.
In the circumstances then the swadeshi movement could provide the much-needed corrective to the near laissez faire policies pursued by the Rao government. But the danger is that the Sang Parivaar come as a package and, anyway they accord priority to the antiMuslim crusade.
Talking to Gurumurhy immediately after the controversy over his own involvement in the drafting of the Munde Committee report broke out was a revelation.
For thim there is no divorcing the economic nationalism from the cultural, read Hindutva. Islam is an intolerant region...Ours is essentially a Hindu culture...The Muslims have to fall in line...Mosques in Kashi and Mathura have to be surrendered...'
In fact as the elections are nearing the saffron brigade has stepped up its campaign to arouse the Hindu consciousness.' There has been some flexing of muscles both at Kashi and at Mathurah - but for some panic reaction, some brinkmanship on the part of the Rao government, the minority Mayawati regime in the UP might even have looked on helplessly as the Viswa Hindu Parishad overran the Idgah in Mathurah in mid-August. Ultimately the VHP had to call off its plans to create trouble in order to save Mayawati who survives in power thanks to the BJP support.
The developments in Kashmir no doubt aggravates the communal situation in the rest of the country and prove cannon-fodder to the BJP campaign.
One of the five foreign tourists kidnap
Continued on page 25

Page 25
15 SEPTEMBER 1995
Mohajirs: Caugh a Political CrOSS
(by Parwez Hafeez)
Only the most incorrigible optimists or the utterly naive would have expected that peace talks between the Benazir Bhutto government and the Mohajir Qaumi Movement would succeed in stopping the bloodshed and restoring peace in strifetorn Karachi. In any peace talks whether they take place in Islamabad, Grozny or Gaza one should not expect a miracle that will resolve years old disputes within a few hours of dialogue and usher in peace overnight. What is important about any peace negotiation is the decision of the warring parties to thrash out their differences around a table and not on the streets. But the success of any peace talks depend entirely on the sincerity, honesty and genuine desire for peace on both sides.
That Ms. Bhutto was not sincere became evident when she invited the MQM for a dialogue and at the same time launched a massive crackdown on the Mohajirs in Karachi. The day MQM announced the names of the persons who would constitute the negotiating panel rep
Continued from page 24
ped by a little known militant group on July 9 met with a brutal end and the remaining are still held hostage by the Al Faran, apparently propped up by Pakistan.
The news of the discovery of the decapitated body of the young Norweigian tourist, Hans Christian Ostro, Sent shock waves through the nation and abroad and the saffron wallas are baying for blood, and for the execution of all the militants and suspected militants in government custody, or at least of those whose release is being demanded by the Al Faran besides intense drive against the militant groups in the valley, never mind the problems that might be encountered by the people at large.
The government headed by Rao who only a few months ago promised anything short of azadi (freedom) would not commit itself now even on an autonomous councill
All this is bound to reverberate all over India as the VHP-Bajrang Dal combine take out their Ekmata Yatya in October, from nine different points in the country and converge in Nagpur.
More trouble lies in store for the nation.
resenting the Mc tam interior minis (retired) Naseeru according to Alta reincarnation of rived in Karachi ta vise the police
offensive on the M
The police and siege of many M Karachi and unl terror on the resic ate firings, arbit high-handed raid made life hell for Mohajirs living i ished neighbourh city. In an effort MQM leaders int arrested persons tortured in police
While on the o tried to silence the of her refusal to h MQM, on the oth state terrorism on speaking citizens One explanation blow-cold policy ol ernment could be browbeat the MQ. tering the negotiat Her effort to find a ment of the Kar fore, is not a sign heart vis a vis th been mistakenly ( analysts. At best change of strategy
As for Altaf round of talks til Islamabad and K dication if not triu The most importa charismatic self-e. proved by forcing ernment to agre talks was that powerful and le force which enjo support of a siz linguistic popula and not a terro hysterical Benaziu to project. Benazi to holding any d MQM unless the arms and surrer militants, had to e agree to the peace pre-conditions. B.

TAMIL TIMES 25
fire
hajirs, the Pakister Major-General ullah Babar who, af Hussain is the General Dyer, aropersonally superand paramilitary Mohajirs. the rangers laid a ohajir districts in eashed a reign of lents. Indiscriminrary arrests and s on their homes the thousands of n those impoverLoods of the port to brutalise the o submission, the were inhumanly custody and jails.
ne hand, Benazir growing criticism old talks with the er, she stepped up the hapless Urduof her country. of this blow-hotf the Benazir govthat it sought to M leaders into entions on her terms. negotiated settleachi crisis, thereof her change of e Mohajirs as has observed by many it can be called a
V.
Hussain, the four hat took place in arachi, are a vinumph of his stand. ant point that the xiled MQM leader , the Bhutto gove to these peace his party was a gitimate political yed the complete eable ethnic and tion of Pakistan rist outfit that a r has been trying r who was averse lialogue with the Mohajirs first lay nder the wanted at humble pie and talks without any y announcing to
hold peace talks with a negotiating team appointed by Altaf Hussain whose extradition she had demanded only a week ago from Britain, Benazir herself unwittingly confirmed that her vilification campaigns against the MQM supremo had no substance in them.
That the Bhutto government had grudgingly and under international pressure agreed to a negotiated settlement of the Karachi problem and had no genuine longing for pece was once again demonstrated by the brutal killing of an MQM excouncillor, Aslam Sabzwari. Immediately after Sabzwari's arrest, the MQM leaders had expressed their apprehensions that he would be bumped offin police custody and they had even appealed to the President Farooq Leghari to ensure his safety. But a vindictive government that later unsuccessfully tried to pass off his cold-blooded extrajudicial murder as a case of fatal heart attack, in a blatant disregard for the human rights of its citizens, tortured him to death. This killing had the potential of ending the peace talks even before they had begun. The MQM leaders, justifiably outraged at this display of perfidy and brutality, were reluctant to go ahead with the proposed talks.
But correctly reading Benazir's shrewd gameplan, they realised that their refusal to participate in the talks would give the wily Prime Minister an opportunity to project them as inflexible, unreasonable and enemies of peace who were not interested in resolving the lingering problem.
Altaf Hussain, as a gesture of goodwill, announced the withdrawal of the two-day weekly strike so that the peace talks could be held in a peaceful atmosphere. But Benazir showed no such magnanimity and continued the police action against the Mohajirs even while the talks Wee O.
Although the chief negotiator of the government, Mr. N.D. Khan, the federal law minister and his MQM counterpart Mr. Ajmal Dehlvi expressed satisfaction at the 'environment of confidence’ that was created between the two sides, the fact remains that the first two rounds of these peace talks were exhausted in trading charges and countercharges between the two sides. The MQM team, for instance, accused the government of suppressing the
Continued on page 26

Page 26
26 TAMIL TIMES
Continued from page 25
constitutional rights of 22 million Mohajirs and treating them as second class citizens of Pakistan. It also accused the Bhutto government of denying proper representations of the Mohajirs in proportion to their populations, in the provincial and federal assemblies, in the armed forces, police and other government services. They constituted more than 50 percent of the total population of the province of Sindh but their representation in the provincial administration and police is only one per cent. In Karachi, Hyderabad and other towns of Sindh, the police departments have 100 per cent domination of non-Mohajirs. The MQM, in short put the PPP government in the dock for following a policy of injustice, discrimination and repression against the Mohajirs. The government chief negotiator Mr. Khan held the MQM squarely responsible for the continuing ethnic and sectarian violence in Pakistan. Parroting the line of his Prime Minister who has been openly accusing the MQM of being “foreignfunded, foreign-trained, foreignmotivated and involved in an insurgency against the state', he charged the MQM of endangering the stability and solidarity of the country. Some of the terms and conditions that an extremely calculating Pakistani government presented to the MQM negotiating team are nothing short of a boobytrap. For instance, accepting the goverment's demand of closing the terrorist-camps that are being run in India and handing over the Indiatrained militants to Islamabad, will be tantamount to acknowledging that Altaf was waging a proxy war inside Pakistan at New Delhi's behest.
Even the fourth round of the peace talks ended in a stalemate. Now it has become absolutely clear that following a deliberately planned strategy, the Benazir government is putting forward impossible demands to the MQM. To be fair to the MQM, in order to make the negotiations fruitful, it accepted a climbdown from its original 18-point charter of demands. At the conclusion of the first phase of the fourth round, Mr. Dehlvi presented a highly truncated four-point formula which would end the prevailing chaos and restore order in Karachi if implemented. The government side would give its response after consulting the provincial and federal
governments durin of the fourth roun peace talks.
Meanwhile Karc burn. In the past than 2000 people ha Karachi, 500 of the months. The situa teriorated because weekly strikes tha posed on Karach gang-rape of the te its activist, during city is closed down a half. Karachi kne mercial and industr tan, has begun to l city. Ironically, Be several foreign trip ments while the es and the appalling conditions have ba existing trade and
Τη
It was the height ofi ment had rescued "the dark days of a converted it into 'a development.' So a Nadu Chief Minist Fort St. George, thi ment in Madras, Day. But just that m Liberation Tigers (LTTE) militants ha to the State capital a audacious escape fï another fort, in Vello away. They were an including four wom from the top-securit Mahal in the fort 153-foot-long tunnel rope from the rampa swimming across a 2. filled with water.
The daring escape rassed the All Indi Munnetra Kazhag Government, which out the LTTE men after the Rajiv Gan in May 1991. It was ecape by LTTE mili three years. The p place on February 2, tants escaped from high-security Madra (Frontline, April 7).
Jayalalitha hersel publicly to the lates Government ordered by retired Madras F T.N. Singaravelu.

g the next phase of the ongoing
hi continues to 8 months more ve been killed in m in the last two tion further deof the two-day b the MQM imfollowing the enaged sister of which the port und life grinds to own as the comial hub of Pakisook like a ghost nazir has made s to seek investalating violence law and order dly affected the industry in the
15 SEPTEMBER 1995
country. During her recent visit to Malaysia, Ms. Bhutto said with a straight face that the prevailing anarchy in Karachi has not affected the economic prospects of Pakistan while the truth is that the industrial sector in the commercial capital is suffering a production loss of Rs. 24 billion every day. Altaf Hussain and Benazir Bhutto are engaged in a sparring match. Both of them are self-centred, authoritarian individuals whose intransigence has turned the streets of Karachi into a battlefield on which the MQM activists and the law enforcing agencies are locked in a bloody war of attrition. The tragedy is neither Benazir nor Altaf Hussain seem to care that it is the poor hapless Mohajirs who are literally as well as metaphorically caught in the crossfire.
(Courtesy of Asian Age 26.7.95).
e Great Escape
T.S. Subramaniam in Vellore & Madras
rony. Her GovernTamil Nadu from rms culture' and peace park for announced Tamil er Jayalalitha at e seat of governon Independence orning, a group of of Tamil Eelam d made their way fter pulling off an om detention at bre, some 150 km nong 43 militants len who escaped ty camp in Tipu
after digging a , sliding down a rts of the fort and 00-foot-wide moat
certainly embara Anna Dravida am (AIADMK) had vowed to root ace in the State dhi assassination s the ninth such tants in the last revious one took 7 when nine militheir cells in the s Central Prison
If did not react it event, but her a judicial inquiry High Court judge
The escape came to light on the morning of August 15 under strange circumstances. Gunaseelan and Shankar, reportedly the brain behind the break-out, had reached Madras. When they were travelling in a cyclerickshaw in T. Nagar around 4 a.m., two patrolling policemen stopped them. Immediately Shankar swallowed cyanide. A search of his person revealed a bus ticket from Wellore to Madras. His shirt had been tailored at Vellore. The policemen took Gunaseelan to the nearby Pondy Bazaar police station and handed him over to a head constable before returning to Shankar, who had died by then. Meanwhile, the head constable took Gunaseelan in an autorickshaw and dropped him off at Teynampet. Gunaseelan vanished. (The head constable was later suspended from service.)
City Police Commissioner K.K. Rajasekharan Nair soon reached the spot, and police officials contacted Vellore. That was when the escape came to light. Immediately, a State-wide alert was sounded.
The same morning, luck did not hold for another group of 11 who had reached Madras and bought tickets to Madurai at the Egmore railway station. Ten of them were seated on a bench around 10.40 a.m. and chatting amongst themselves when a railway policeman passed by. Their Sri Lankan Tamil accent alerted him. When he spoke to them, they showed him the tickets. Meanwhile, other railway

Page 27
15 SEPTEMBER 1995
police persons surrounded the militants. When they tried to search their bags, Rajan, one of them, started passing cyanide to the others. Rajan himself swallowed some and died. Two others were hospitalised. A couple of militants tried to escape after biting the hands of policewomen but all seven were overpowered.
Shankar, the eleventh member of the group, had gone out to buy food. Realising what was happening, he fled. He tried to reach a Sri Lankan Tamil refugees' camp at Keelambedu on the way to Mamalapuram but was caught on the way. He revealed they had split themselves into groups to go to Rameswaram and reach Jaffna by sea. According to him, they had es caped be cause they had “a tremendous urge to rejoin the LTTE to fight against the Sri Lankan Army.' His group came to Madras to catch a train to Rameswaram but missed it. So they bought tickets to Madurai to proceed to Rameswaram.
And on August 20, one more militant, Sundar, was arrested following a chance encounter during a prohibition raid near Keeramangalam in Pudukkottai district. Two others, however, escaped.
Of the nine ecapes by LTTE militants from prisons and special camps in Tamil Nadu, the latest was the most methodical in planning and execution. The police, citing the judicial inquiry, declined permission to reporters to see the tunnel on August 15. This generated suspicion about the tunnel story, for the logistics of digging such a passage are staggering. Where did the militants get the implements? Where did they dump the excavated soil, which must have made up several truckloads? How did the digging remain undetected?
On August 18, Director-General of Police (DGP). W. Vaikunth and Additional DGP Walter I. Dawaram took reporters to Tipu Mahal, showed them the tunnel and explained how the militants had done it.
The tunnel, leading from the camp to the ramparts of the fort, is three feet in width and height for a length of about 80 feet. Then it broadens out to six feet and again narrows down to three feet. It took about four months to finish.
The militants apparently went on digging without knowing where it would lead. When they encountered the solid foundation of the ramparts after 153 feet, they dug their way to the surface. They camouflaged the exit with wooden doors and rafters, and grass.
The digging was done with iron
pipes fashioned into less steel eating pl scoop out earth. The the doors and the ral the exit point. Vail "nothing (that is, of from outside.
After crawling t tants surfaced throu away from the ram rope to one of the g down and swam ac the bank, they cha fled. The rope was ramparts during t. visit.
Tipu Mahal is a tangular structure v the ground and firs' tants could stay in a. big courtyard there and a pillared man tants often slept or enjoying the breeze pillows of 34 milita choose to escape, w mantapam. One has three iron gates to e Opposite the first with Tamil Nadu Sp Men armed with ligil
After the killing ( Revolutionary Li (EPRLF) leader K. 13 others in Madras seven LTTE militan in Tipu Mahal under the Foreigners Reg cause they had come passports or visas. Government could ( under this Section, which was empower under Section 3(2)(g
Vaikunth said TI “neither a prison n. area'; it was just a housing the militants movement. They we of the enclosure.
The camp comes u authorities, and no General of Police (Pri dar is its commandal
Dawaram said tha on, there were no they were taken on There were no warde tendents, and advoca could meet the milita
The Superintende Of North Arcot Aml which Vellore is the l in charge of the cam S.P., Ashutosh Sh placed under suspe: panies of the TSP gu a barbed wire fenc Mahal and surroun

TAMIL TIMES 27
crowbars. Stainates were used to a pipes, the plates, fters were found at kunth stated that implements) came
hrough, the miligh the exit, inches parts. They tied a ranite blocks, slid ross. On reaching nged clothes and dangling from the he mediapersons'
in imposing, recwith 118 rooms on t floors. The miliny of these. In the e are neem trees tapam. The milithe mantapam, 2. The mats and nts, who did not rere lying on the s to pass through enter Tipu Mahal. gate is a bunker recial Police (TSP) nt machine guns.
of Eelam People’s beration Front Padmanabha and in 1990, seventyits were detained Section 3(2)(e) of istration Act beto India without While the State only detain them it is the Centre ed to arrest them ) of the Act.
Tipu Mahal was or a top-security 'special camp for s to reestrict their renot allowed out
nder the revenue t the Inspectorisons). The tahsil(nt. t unlike in a prisregular roll-calls; ly on Saturdays. irs or jail superinntes and relatives nts, he said.
nt of Police (S.P.) bedkar district, of headquarters, was p's security. (The hukla, has been nsion.) Two comlarded it. There is e all round Tipu ding its roof, and
there are watch towers manned by TSP personnel. Food brought from outside was given to the militants at the mantapam.
Hyder Mahal, where the militants' relatives, including women, were detained, is adjacent to Tipu Mahal. A wall separates the two and movement of people between the two Mahals is prohibited. During an earlier escape attempt, the male militants from Tipu Mahal tried to enter Hyder Mahal by smashing the wall in one of the three rooms in the left-hand corner. This was discovered and the two doorways that led to these rooms were sealed. Next to these doorways is a staircase leading upstairs.
The militants did not give up. They removed a stone slab on the first floor, above one of the sealed rooms, came down and began work on the tunnel with iron pipes removed from the bathroom. Dawaram admitted that blacking the entrances to the rooms "worked to the militants' advantage' because officials could not see what was happening inside.
Another top police official said the militants did 'systematic' and slow work because they had all the time in the world, idling as they were in Tipu Mahal. They dug about a foot a day and dumped the earth in the three
OOS.
Vaikunth said the militants had invented a 'camouflage' to prevent the detection of the removed stone slab. If any officer came upstairs, they would quickly push the slab in place, put an electric oven on it and pretend to be cooking.
Informed sources said that with electricity available, the militants worked at night as well. They first dug 10 feet below the ground level because the foundation of Tipu Mahal went down to seven feet. The tunnel was ready on August 1. The sources said the well-consolidated earth helped the work. It would have been difficult for the militants if it had been loose soil because such soil would have kept caving in.' Besides, there were "no natural rocks' to block progress. Boulders have been used only in the foundation and ramparts of the fort.
After 153 feet, the militants encountered the foundations of the ramparts, made of boulders, and so they dug upwards and reached the surface.
Dawaram said that on the night of August 14, when the escape took place, there was "heavy rain and a power cut.' Asked why 34 militants chose to stay back, he claimed "they did not want to escape because they had food and everything here.'
Continued on page 28

Page 28
28 TAM TIMES
Continued from page 27
The fort houses the Jalakanteswara temple noted for its splendid sculptures of prancing horses and scenes from Hindu mythology, including a Ramayana panel. There are also several government offices and the Police Recruits' School within its compound. The fort and the temple were built in the 16th century A.D. by Bommi Reddy, a chieftain of the Wijayanagara empire of which Vellore and Ginjee were two strongholds.
In the 18th century, Hyder Ali, who fought against the British, conquered areas up to Vellore. Whether he occupied the fort is not known. His son Tipu Sultan also fought the British and took control of the fort for some time. After Tipu was defeated, his son and relatives were kept prisoners in two buildings there. These buildings were late named Hyder Mahal and Tipu Mahal. the Nawabs of the Carnatic and the British made additions to the fort. After Independence, the fort and the temple were declared protected monuments and put under the control of the Archaeological Survey of India (Madras Circle).
The escape led to fresh demands from Opposition parties that the Centre should dismiss the Jayalalitha Government. Congress (II) and AIADMK MPs clashed in the Lok Sabha. Congress(I) MP Mani Shankar Aiyar demanded that Jayalalitha should resign or the Centre should dismiss her Government because it was "incapable' of governing the State. He charged that the special camp had been run like a "holiday camp'.
Tamil Nadu Congress(I) president Kumari Anandan blamed the 'active connivance' of the officials and the "inept handling' of the situation by the State Government. K. Ramamurthy, who heads the breakaway faction of the Congress(I), wanted Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao to dismiss the Government because Jayalalitha would not resign on her own. Janata Party president Subramanian Swamy said the escape was a “further confirmation' of Jayalalitha's "understanding with the LTTE. But Congress(I) spokesman V.N. Gadgil took the line that the party did not subscribe to Mani Shankar Aiyar's view.
AIADMK member M. Janardhanam accused the Congress(I) of ‘politicising the issue and claimed that those who escaped were not militants.
In a statement in the Lok Sabha, Union Minister of State for Internal Security Rajesh Pilot said repeated escapes by LTTE militants had posed "a grave security threat to the country' and wanted the State Government to
be vigilant to prevent He disclosed that the examining the Stal plea to delegate powe on the militants unde Act. But he wanted t ment to undertake a the 'on-ground imple existing provisions av
At the end of the d tions remained unan the Centre drag its sentation forwarded Nadu Government til in various camps wi back to Sri Lanka? )
Jayalali
Chariots rolled and India's most talked recent times on a n straight out of histo litha Jayaram, Chief Nadu State, recreate ancient kings at th foster son, V.N. Sud Sathyalakshmi, gr noted Tamil film actic
Four horses specia Saudi Arabia drew a bridegroom from th wedding site wher were made to seat m people. The three-kill from a temple in Sol main venue was sai colourful event the witnessed.
Newspapers spect the money spent on with estimates rang million (about $25 r billion (over $80 mill of the state adminis top ministers and b said to have been ov arrangements for ov
“This marriage ha marriage of Prince C look like a poor man Thirunavukarasu, a leader of the MC Ramachandran-Ann netra Kazhagam) I Sudhakaran, a nep Minister's controver la, is the managin Madras-based Sup Television Company
Preparations fo started on an astro months ago at a 5 banks of the Adya

15 SEPTEMBER 1995
their recurrence. Centre was 'rete Government’s rs to it to imprisr the Foreigners' he State Governserious review of mentation of the vailable to it.'
lay, several quesswered. Why did feet on a repreo it by the Tamil hat the militants anted to be sent How did the four
women LTTE militants get into Tipu Mahal where only men were detained? Why did not the State police ask for custody of the captured militants to interrogate them? Did not the TSP men atop the watchtower near the exit point of the tunnel hear the militants swimming across? From where did the militants get the cyanide capsules? Were these supplied to them inside Tipu Mahal or did they get the capsules outside after the escape, which meant the LTTE's network in the State was still intact?
(Courtesy of Frontline, September 8, 1995).
tha Hosts Wedding Extravaganza
clarions blew at about wedding in ight that seemed ry books. JayalaMinister of Tamil d the grandeur of 2 wedding of her hakaran, with N. anddaughter of r Sivaji Ganesan.
ally brought from chariot with the le temple to the 'e arrangements hore than 200,000 ometre procession uth Madras to the d to be the most
state had ever
ulated wildly on the preparations, ing from Rs. 750 million) to Rs. 2.5 ion). A major part tration, including ureaucrats, were erseeing wedding er two months.
is made even the harles of England 's nuptial,' said S. state opposition R-ADMK (M.G. a Dravida Munarty. The groom hew of the Chief sial friend Sasikag director of the er Duper Cable
r the wedding nomical scale two )-acre site on the ir river in south
Madras. The pomp was visible even on the invitation. Ministers, top film stars and influential people close to the ruling All-India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (ALADMK) received it on a silver platter worth Rs. 20,000 (about $700), bearing a silk dhoti and sari.
But the extravaganza was mired in controversies of alleged misuse of official position. Opposition leaders and voluntary organizations questioned the lavish spending on the wedding. The arrangements raised questions about the source of the money and Kumari Anandhan, president of the Tamil Nadu Congress Committee (TNCC), demanded an income tax department probe on the expenses.
Two petitions were filed by the Lawyer's Association in the Madras High Court alleging misuse of official facilities and illegal tapping of the power supply for the celebrations.
While responding to one of the petitions which came up for hearing, the High Court warned the Tamil Nadu government, directing the authorities to produce all files to show how sanctions had been obtained for the supply of electricity to the marriage venue. But the court ruling could not stop the organizers from going ahead with a grand marriage procession, called the mapillai azhaippu in the Tamil language.
The procession was headed by a 27-member group of mounted police, followed by a police band. Dance troupes performed various folk forms like “Karagattam' and “Oyilattam,” followed by a procession led by Jayalalitha and Sasikala.
Continued on page 29

Page 29
15 SEPTEMBER 1995
Continued from page 21
really myopic and masochistic, not the other way about.
Is the right of self-determination of the Tamils intended to go against the rights of the Sinhalese? Is it truly an unreasonable demand of the minority to snatch away from the majority an unproportionately greater part of the country? Nothing is further from the truth.
The Tamils of the North and East are pushed into a corner by the sad events of four decades. Asserting the right of self-determination was not there in the forties or fifties. Nor was the claim for a traditional homeland.
The Tamils of the North and East are disappointed and disillusioned by the discriminatory and anti-Tamil politics of the democratically elected Sinhala majority governments. The democracy based on the will of the majority has been directed against the rights of the minorities and what is the guarantee even in the future, that the referendum and parliamentary majority, will give justice to the minorities.
Even the proposed constitutional reform is to be determined by the will of the majority Sinhalese. Thus the will of the majority is used to decide inviolable sacred rights of a people. Hence the Tamils cry out, leave us alone to decide our fate as a people. We have no more faith in any election where the majority Sinhala will be used to decide what should be done with the Tamils.'
Similarly, the Tamil demand for a homeland, is not just based on some nostalgic or archaic facts of history. (Prof. K.M. Silva and others like Gamini Iriyagolla may split hairs and argue about the existence of past kingdoms and their territories. That is not the sole basis for the demand of the Tamils). The demand is based on a congruence of many factors, including our past history as a kingdom. But the strongest reason for the demand springs from the recent history of
suffering, death an hands of the majol governments.
Every Tamil, liv North and East oft as the many thous from these areas turn, have suffere ated in one way or Tamil. This is th vis-a-vis the State
Fai
The demand for against the rights o were they to do dan or to snatch away u ly belongs to them the North and Eas the Sinhalese who these areas as dic Colombo or in the
But the State-ai the traditionally T sinister motive of Tamils or making tl helpless minorities the Tamils. The ove of the Tamils on r: with this pushing increased in the T. the need for a sec they will exerc determination an labour build freely as their dear homel
The Tamils have democratically for live under a democ State. It has been a result has been a deception by the Gc by their own leadel fering, death and hands of State For tinue even today at Past experiences ha to them.
Better live as pe neighbours in one c. as "one nation-state' of self-respect, secu
Continued from page 11
held. Officers in charge of police stations were also directed to submit a list and details of those detained to the government appointed Human Rights
Task Force.
But the tortured bodies continued to float and be fished out of rivers and lakes around the capital, and the government appeared to be clueless about the elements that were responsible. However, the disappearance of a son of a lawyer and his subsequent reappearance probably revealed that those responsible were within the security apparatus.
The surfacing of ses in the lake sul security parliame mid-August sent sl the nation and jolt to take strong memories of the under the previous height of the army two-year old ins Janatha Vimukth government spons abducted and tort left their bodies but hanging from tre rivers.

TAM MES 29
d destruction in the ity Sinhala and its
ing or dead, in the his country, as well ands who have fled and waiting to rel and were humilianother for being a eir position today and its Forces.
lure
a homeland is not f the Sinhalese, nor hage to their rights njustly what rightThe arid zones of were still open to freely settled in l many Tamils in South.
led colonization of amil areas with a driving away the nem everywhere as led to real fears of rall discrimination acial basis coupled
away of Tamils, amil consciousness cure region where cise their selfd by their hard their flat dry zone and.
tried sincerely and many decades to ratic and a unitary dismal failure. The a long history of venment, betrayal is, oppression, sufdestruction in the ces etc. These conthis eleventh hour. lve made it evident
aceful and united ountry rather than without a moment rity and peace.
the mutilated corprrounding the highntary complex in hock waves through ced the government action. It revived late 1980s when, UNP regime at the y's drive to crush a surrection by the i Peramuna (JVP), ored death squads jured suspects and rning in the streets, es and floating in
News of the police breakthrough in the investigation came after the interrogation of the seven civilians arrested in connection with the murders. The civilians, two Muslims and five Tamils, are believed to have been used as informants by the Special Task Force.
Nevertheless, human rights activists say that President Kumaratunga had honoured her election pledge of a more "transparent government by ordering a police probe into killings. "The very fact that the police have made these startling disclosures is in itself in keeping with the government's pledge of transparency," said a human rights lawyer. During the earlier regime, he said, killings of this nature would have been swept under the carpet and no one would have known who was responsible.
"The way the government has investigated the present case indicates it is serious about punishing the perpetrators,' said Charles Abeyasekera, president of the Movement for InterRacial Justice and Equality (MIRJE).
A Western diplomat also said the government's action was seen as a message to the international community that death squads won't be tolerated in present day Sri Lanka.
However, human rights activists say the government will have to be better informed of the activities of its military, police and intelligence wings if the record on human rights is to be kept clean.
Continued from page 14
al and practical teachings and his opposition to the caste system, which he applied to politics in South Africa and India. Unlike any Western political philosophy from Plato to Marx, this philosophy is based on love and compassion.
Accepting this philosophy in Sri Lanka would mean that Sri Lankans should set aside the anger and hatred which has resulted from the tragic ethnic conflict and implement the devolution proposals. Otherwise Sri Lanka could easily become the Lebanon of South Asia, and we may continue to fight among ourselves for many centuries as Europeans did. The choice is ours.
Continued from page 28
Among those who attended the wedding were three state Chief Ministers and two Federal ministers, besides former governors and chief ministers. Prime Minister Narasimha Rao, who had been invited for the wedding by Jayalalitha personally, did not turn up.

Page 30
30 TAMIL TIMES
CLASSIFIED ADS
First 20 words eto. Each additional word sop. Charge for
Box
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MATRIMONIAL Jaffna Hindu parents seek professional gird for doctor son, 30. Send full details. M807 C/o Tanil Times.
Jaffna Hindu mother seeks good looking, educated bride under 30 for accountant Canadian citizen son, 36. Send horoscope, photo, details. M807 C/o Tamil Times. Malaysian Hindu Tamil family, UK citizens seek professional groom for their Ph.D. daughter, 28, in UK employment. Send details, horoscope. M809 C/o Tanil Times.
Jaffna Hindu parents seek professional groom for pretty British citizen daughter, 24, science graduate. Send horoscope details. M 810 c/o Tamil Times.
Sri Lankan Hindu Tam i brothers and sister seek professionally qualified groom for sister, 36, UK resident with residence visa for Australia, qualified accountant in senior position, Master in Business Management. Send horoscope, details. M81 1 C/o Tamil Times.
Jaffna Hindu uncle seeks educated attractive partner, 2530, for nephew, M.Sc., 5'7", 34, in good UK employment. Send horoscope, details. M 812 c/o
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Jaffna Hindu parents seek partner for pretty daughter, 23, 5'5", CIMA finalist in employment in Colombo. Send horoscope, details. M 813 c/o Tamil
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Hindu parents of good standing seek fair, accomplished bride of similar status in late twenties for educated, Smart, British citizen son, engaged in good business with other assets. M814 C/o Tanil Times.
WEDDING BELLS
We congratulate the following couples on their recent wedding.
Latha Shandra daughter of Mr. T. Visvendran & late Mrs. Sarojini Visvendran and Mathew Owenson of Mr. & Mrs. Kirk of Culceth, Cheshire on 29.7.95 at the Newchurch, Culceth.
Thayalan son of Mr. & Mrs. K. Yogendran of 1 Florence Road, Sanderstead, South Croydon and Dr. Shobana daughter of Mr. & Mrs. P. Sathananthan of 32 Dulverton Road, Selsdon, South Croydon on 27.8.95 at HammerSmith Town Hall.
Suresh son of the late Mr. N. Rajendram and Mrs. R. Rajendram of 34 Jalan 8/14, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia and Vatsala daughter of Mr. & Mrs. C. Thirunavukkarasu of 28 Foxmead Close, Enfield, Middlesex, UK on 28.8.95 at Highgate Hill Murugan Temple, London N6.
Shanthan Son of Mr. & Mrs. P. Pathmanathan of Golden Apartments, 29/1 Sarojini Street, T. Nagar, Madras and Dharshini daughter of Mr. & Mrs. V. Thiruna Vukarasu of Arun Apartments, 207/E1 Lakshmi Ammal Street, Aminjakarai, Madras on 6.9.95 at Breeze Hotel, Madras.
Suurendran Son of Mr. & MrS. R. R. Kumarakulathungam of 7 Latta Court, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA and Dr. Inthumathy daughter of Mr. & Mrs. M. Vannadevan of C 3/1 Banbalapitiya Flats, Colombo 4 on 10.9.95 at Miami Wedding Hall, Colombo 6.
Sooriya Kumar son of Mr. & Mrs. V. Subramaniam of Saraiady, Puloly South, Sri Lanka and Sivananthin daughter of Mr. & Mrs. P. Thambyrajah of 155 Earlshall Road, Eltham, London SE9 1 PJ On 10.9.95 at The Borough Hall, Greenwich, London SE10.
Waratheessan Son of Mr. & Mrs. Natesan of Colombo and Malini daughter of Mr. & Mrs. Mah es an of Sera mban, Malaysia at Highgate Murugan Temple on 208.95.
Lawan Chevakunnar Son of Mr. & Mrs. Nagaratnam of Karainagar, Sri Lanka and Jeya Kala daughter of Mr. &
 

15 SEPTEMBER 1995
Mrs. Kumarasamy of 93 Silverleigh Road, Thornton Heath, Surrey CR76DZ on 27.8.95 at Shree Ganapathy Temple, MWimbledon, London SW19 9AD.
OBTUARIES
Dushyanthan Senathirajah (Student, Leeds University), dearly beloved son of the late Dr. Jeyarajan Senathirajah (Raju) and Dr. Manohari Senathirajah and beloved brother of Carthiga, died on 24th August 1995 following a road accident - 51 Thornhill Road, Steeton, Keighley,
MV. YOrkS BD20 6TN.
Mr. Tambiraja Packiarasa of Kandermadam, Jaffna, Retired
P. H. I. President of the Academy of Fine Arts, London and Director of 'Sa-Pa- Sabah (London branch); beloved husband of Retired Lecturer, Sangita Vidwan Saraswathy Pack
iarasa, affectionate brother of
Dr. Selvarajah, late Mr. Shanmugarajah, Dr. Poopalarajah, Mrs. Rajeswary Ganesan, Mrs. Rajamani Ganesananthan, Yogarajah and Shivarajah; loving father of Jayanthi, Shanthi and Hansananthi, devoted father-in-law of Shivanandan, Arulanandam and Thayaparan and daring grandfather of Sai Prakash, Sangeethasayini, Abinash, Thiviyan, Sanchikai and Dhanusha passed away in London on 7th August 1995. His cremation was well attended by friends and relatives at Mortlake Crematorium, Kew, LOndon. The members of the family extend their grateful thanks to all Who visited then, assisted in Various Ways, participated in the funeral rites, sent floral tributes and messages of sympathy. May his soul rest in Heaven in peace. - 13 Durham A venue, Hounslow, Middx.
MV5 OAG. Tel: O 181 571 204.
IN MEMORAM
Cherished Memories. In Our mind, a constant thought; in our heart a silent sorrow, but always with pride and love. Ever present, ever missed, ever loved, ever remembered, especially on this the first anniversary of your passing away on the 24 September 1994. Mr. Ponnudurai Nlarendra Nathan, most dearly beloved and adoring husband of Gnanambal; dearest loving and proud Appa to your children, Dr. Thrinayani Jegathambal, Dr. Mrs. Sowmya Wijayambal, Mrs. Sobhana Meenambal, Dr. Mrs. Priyadarsani Brahathambal, Adhithya Thrillochanan, Mrs. Vasutharini Girijambal, Agasthya Ponnambalam and Ambika Dhakshayani father-inIaw of Dr. P. Arulampalam, S. Raveendran, T. langovan and R. Srikanthan; daring dearest Thaththa to your grandchildren, Abhirami Janani Raveendran, Amarnath Thirumadha van Raveendran, Nirmala Arulampalam, Janaki Saruhasini Srikanthan, and Janarthanan Ragavan Ilangovan; A man of great courage, integrity, humour, wit and wisdom; whose kindness and generosity knew no bounds, you are greatly missed forever but never forgotten, and are always in the thoughts of all your family and friends. God Bless. (Address 53 Crossways, South Croydon, Surrey, CR28JQ). "If I should go before the rest of you Break not a flower, nor inscribe a Stone. Nor talk of me in a Sunday Voice But be the usual selves that have known. Weep if you must, parting is hell; But life goes on - so sing as well.'
Joyce Grenfell, An invisible Friendship.

Page 31
15 SEPTEMBER 1995
IN MEMORAM in Loving Memory of Our Beloved Daddy T.J. Rajaratnam (Retired High Court Judge) Born 23, 1.1919
Called to Rest 15,981.
A Wonderful Daddy so Loving and Kind A Charming Smile, a Heart of Gold Deep in our Hearts You will always Stay Loved and Remembered
Everyday. Fondly remembered and sadly missed by your wife Arul children Rohini, Renuka, Rajiv, sons-in-law Vijayan, Sriharan; grandchildren Vasi, Ravi, Prathi, Jayanthy and Ajit.
in everloving memory of Deva Rajan N. F.S.L., Licensed Surveyor, Leveler & Valuer of 257 Arasady Road, Kanthermadam, Yaripanam.
Fondly remembered on the fourth anniversary of his passing away on 11.9.91 by his beloved wife Pamda: children Sujithan, Siva Kumaran, Rajam, Jeyaraman, Rengan, Raj swari; sons-in-law Theventhiran, Nirthanakumaran, daughters-in-law Jeyadevi, Suhanya, Thangalogini, Helen; Grand children Jamuna, Karthika, Bharathan, Uththami, Luxmanan, Sri Ram, Vaitharani, With uran, Devarajan and Poorani; sister Saraswathy
Panchacharam, brother Punjaksharam; sisters-in-law, brothers-in-law, relatives and friends. Flat 4, 24 Mansfield Road, Ilford, Essex IG1 3AZ.
in everloving memory of Mr. Cheliah Kanthasamy (Kaddudai, Manipay) on the seventh anniversary of his passing away on 11.9.88.
The Happiness and Love you gave are Precious Memories for us to hold Memories of you will live with us for ever.
Sadly missed and fondly remembered by your wife Pushparanee and children Ranjini, Ranjan, Mohan and Raji. – 58 Magowar Road, Giraween 2145, Australia.
ln fond memory of Mr. M.A. Rasiah (Former Head Master, lavalai, Ceylon and Teacher at Herts, Tamil School, Watford, U.K.) on the third anniversary of his passing away on 18th September 1992.
'Appui, you are always in Our hearts and will always be remembered with loads of affection and pride for exactly the man you were in our midst. We pray for our Lord's blessings."
Mrs. Rasiah (Colombo) and children Sathianathan (Watford), Packiarajah (Colombo), Bhavani (Dubai), Shanker (New Malden), Nandhini (Batticaloa), Logan (Watford), and Rangini (Markham).
 
 
 
 

TAM TIMES 31
FORTHCOMING EVENTS
September 26 6 to 7.30pm. Reading from Century Poets' Anthology at Central Library, Chamberlain Sq., Birmingham. Tel 0121 2353368/382O109. October 2 Saraswathy Pooja: Feast of Guardian Angel. Oct. 3 Vijayathasami.
Oct. 4 Eekathasi . Feast of St. Francis. Oct. 5 Feast of St. Bruno. Oct. 6 Pirathosann. Oct. 7 Third Purattasi Sani: Feast of Our Lady of The Rosary. Oct. 7 7.30pm. Jaffna College Alumni Association Annual Dinner & Dance at Lola Jones Hall, Greaves Place Off Garratt Lane, Tooting, London SW17. Tel: 0181 942 6643 (Dr. Thurairatnam). Oct. 7 7.30pm Carnatic Flute Concert by K. Jananayagam accompanied by L. Kothandapani (Violin), l. Somasundaram Desigar (Mirdangam), K. Sithamparanathan (Morsing) and Angelo Kumarathasan (Gatam) at St. Peters Church Hall, Colbeck Road, West Harrow, Middx. Tel: 0181 864 3227.
Oct. 8 Full Moon, Oct. 9 Feast of St. Denis. Oct. 13 Feast of St. Edward. Oct. 14 Fourth & Last Purattasi Sani:
Chief Guest:
J.A.W. Strong (Treasurer)
K. Sivakumaran (President) V. Santhulingam (Vice-President) P. Hamichandiran (Secretary)
Oct. 14 7.00pm. Mahajana College Old Students' Association Annual Reunion Dinner & A.G.M. at Holy Cross Convent School Hall, Sandal Road, New Malden, Surrey. Tel: 0181 841 51.86/692. 5249/395 8573. Oct. 20 Eekathasi: First lypasi Velli.
Oct. 21 PirathoSam. Oct. 23 Amavasai & DeepaMwali. Oct. 24 Skanda Shashti Virathan starts. Oct. 27 Sathurthi lypasi Velli. Oct. 28 7.00pm Natha Vidyalaya presents Violin Duet by Sangeetha Vidvan Smit Kalaivani Indrakumar and Selvi Bhayiravi Ganeshwaran at Watersheet Theatre, High Street, Rickmansworth, Herts. in aid of North England Sri Murugan Temple Project. Tel: 01484 640571, 01724 860329, O181964 586.3/907 6638. Oct, 29 Soora Sankaran.
Oct. 30 Thirukalyanam. At Bhawan Centre, 4A Castletown Road, London W14 9HQ. Te: O171-381 3086/ 4608. Oct. 6 7.45pm Kathak by ShoVana Naravan. Oct. 14 7.00pm Sitar by Shahed Perve.Z. Oct. 15 6.30pm Carnatic Vocal by Sukanya Prabhakar.
Second
g HARTLEY COLLEGE
N-7. Past Pupils Association (U.K.)
AGM & ANNUAL DINNER on Saturday 4th November '95
ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING (4pm-6pm) (HCCPA Members Only)
ANNUAL DINNER (7pm-11pm) (Members and Friends)
Tickets £18 perhead
Miss B. Navaratnasingam
(Former Teacher)
Venue: Leatherhead Leisure Centre,
Guildford Road, Leatherhead, Surrey. (5 mins from J9 on M25)
For Further Information and Tickets please contact:
0181-949-2614 0181-686—3356 0181-248-0510 0181-723-4626

Page 32
32 TAM TIMES
Thaamharah's Weena Arangetram
The Veena Arangetram of Thaamharah, daughter of Dr. & Dr. Mrs. Mahendrayogam of Newbury Park, Ilford took place at the Sir James Hawkey Hall, Woodford Green on 27th August. It was a fascinating performance by thirteen year old Thaamharah disciple of Smt Rudrani Balakrishnan. The highlight of the Arangetram was the Ragam, Thanam Pallavi in Karaharapriya Flaga which was par excellence. Rudrani deserves to be highly complimented for having presented a splendid Veena Arangetram.
The Accompanists were Sri Muttu Sivarajah — Mridangam, Sri Arunasalam Gananathan - Ghatam, Sri Kandiah Sithamparanathan — Morsing and Sri Hiran Chatterjee - Tabla.
P. Sukumaran.
Shobana's Successful Arangetram
The Natya Arangetram of Shobana, daughter of Mr. & Mrs. Balaratnam at the Logan Hall on 9th September had many plus points: reasonable time control, fair selection of repertoire, good orchestra with a brilliant vocal support. The debutante Shobana went through the score as expected of her with an ease and precision which revealed her conscious training. An earlier acquaintance with Western ballet has definitely helped in her intended karana type of stances. Appropriately Miss Gypsy Booth, principal of a Ballet school,
who was the Chief C beautifully analysed tween the ballet and praised the Oriental and Content.
it was the usual minimum required to ty of Adavu and Ab Ardhamandali or Ara out to the fore), with a light tripping Panth add variety. The us programme was emb pukal, sung by the vo Madras in the nat added flavour. The je by Shobana's Guru rishnan unfortunately due to unsteady pitch. Varnam too. One is le these jathis too could Rajasekaran who iss of Conducting Nattuva
The Sabdan in Krishna theme gave Shobana to display ments as available in vatha mythology. (As interest one is tempte composers of new Sa compelling them to in and format - Sane rachapu talam as ori body to the well kr. composition. Musicol The Varnann in Nee theme was superbly S and the Sancharibhav exploits of the younge well delineated by S. executed a variety of with appropriate gestu game Panthaattam, a Kalakshetra through man, of Madras, Sl elements. In the Das ten Avathars of Mai presented though a li
On the whole it wa stay in mind for Shol tion, Selvalakshmi's in ing, superb music of F Shankar's electrifying Chandrasekar's Cares Nirnlarajs valiant ei holding the Sruti in his
ܙSl -
Kalabhava a Jac
In the monthly chan series Kalabhavanar but hit a jackpot on 1 the appearance of tw from Bangalore — ver drika and mesmeric
delightful pair full o Music for them is par cumbered by profe Their visit to London v for the Miridanga Aran boys trained by Mria Prakash, another Bar
 
 

15 SEPTEMBER 1995
Guest at the function,
the difference beBharatanatyam and art form for its grace
repertoire, just the bring outevery variehinaya (although the innandi did not Come a Dasavatharam and laattan thrown in to 'ual Alarippu in this ellished by a Thirupcalist Rajasekaran of uvanga style which this rendered in this Selvaluxmy Ramakdid not synchronise This reflected in the d to the thought that I have been left with Decialised in the field ngam.
Tani. On the usual plenty of scope for her abhinaya equipplenty in the Bhagaa matter of academic di to aSik Some of the bdam pieces, what is nitate the same style agamalika and Misginally set by somełown Sarasijakshulu ogists may ponder). lambari on Muruga ung by Rajasekaran a illustrations on the 2r son of Shiva were hobana in this. She stylistic poses along tres in thiS. lin the ball gift, we believe, from Krishnaveni LakshObana was in her avatharam piece the havishnu were well tle hurriedy.
s an Arangetram to Dana's clean execuoulding and reshapajasekaran, Bhavani Mridangam artistry, Sing violin play and fort in successfully
bhari flute.
rapatha Sundaram.
nam Hits kpot
ber music ConCert 1 faced a short full Oth September with O brilliant nuSicians satile vocalist Chantiolinist Jyotsna - a Verve and Cheer, of joyful life, unenSSional formalities. (as to provide music getram of two young anga maestro R.N. galorean. It was he,
who being a friend of Kalabhavanam, organised to bring the Karnataka sisters to Kalabhavanam that day.
Kalabhavanam which has a reputation for providing high brow Carnatic music to lovers of art in the Croydon area, was doubly pleased at the performance of Chandrika and Jyotsna - the crescent moon' and the 'evening twilight'. The two and a half hour session of captivating music by these two cheerful young artistes stunned the audience in the compact Willis Road auditorium. Chandrika's vocal range, her brigas, swara groupings and Jyotsna's glides on the strings, immaculate hold on laya and microtonal trills were intoxicant, These two young ladies have won the hearts of Kalabhavanam membership immensely, R.N. Prakash providing rhythm On the Ghatam, while his student Kavin Satchitanandam handled the mridangam. Chandrika is a double graduate and a staff artiste ofA.I.R. Bangalore and Jyotsnais an M.B.B.S., intending to specialise in Ophthalmology.
Julie Dharshini's Bharathanatya Arangetram
Julie Dharshinl daughter of Mr. & Mrs. Naveenathayalan of Greenford and Disciple of Smt Pathmini Gunaseelan, Director, Narthana Kalalaya had her Bharatha Natya Arangetram on 2.995 at the Assembly Hall, Walthamstow, London E17. Cir. Derek Arnold, Deputy Mayor of London Borough of Walthan Forest and Mrs. Patricia Arnold were the Chief Guests. The piece of note Was the Varran Annane aruke Vaa Which

Page 33
15 SEPTEMBER 1995
the debutante performed with skill in Abi. naya, Thala and execution of Adava Jatis. The accompanists were Smt Pathmini Gunaseelan (Natuvangam), Smt. Prema Naveenathayalan - Julie's mother (Vocal), Smt Arunthathy Ratnasingham - Julie's aunt (Violin), Nathamani Muthu Sivarajah (Miruthangam), Sri P. Gnanavarathan (Flute), Sri A. Gananathan (Gadan) and Sri Kandiah Sithamparanathan (Morsing). Sangeetha Bhooshanan Pon Subaschandran who had come all the way from Norway was the additional vocalist.
Herts Tamil School (UK)
The Annual Prize giving of Herts Tamil School (based at Parkgate Junior School, Watford, Herts on Sundays) will be held at the Multi Racial Community Centre, Durban Road West, Watford on 30th September 1995 at 6.30pm. Mrs. Puvaneswary Elampooranar, wife of the late Mr. V.E. Elampooranar (Key founder of Herts Tamil School) will be the Chief Guest at the above event which will be preceded by Saraswathie Poojah celebrations and children’s performances. AdmisSion free and all are welcome. Tel 01923 466751/462842662811.
Childminder Available
Wallingtree Area. Tel: 0181 6696324.
Wante Outright
An apartment in K apitiya, Welawatte Write to 9 Grove
Southgate, Lor
Wedanta Life
Is Pres
A. Parthasarath
Acclaimed as one Exponents of the Will be delivering
of Lectu
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(Devotee Dates: 13, 14 & 1 Venue: Harrow 7
Tudor Road,
Harrow,
irne
13 October (Frida 14 October (Saturd 15 October (Sunde Admission . Aree a, Enquiry: 29 Byron R Harrow, Midc
general running of the Group.
The applicants should have -
South London Tar
(A Registered Charity
PART-TIME ADMINIST
(Funded by Tru
Applications are invited from suitable candidate:
SALARY: pro-rata £11,730/- inc OLW (26 hours)
fir Experience in all aspects of office admi ir Computer skills and experience in Wor
女 Experience in Book-keeping and Accou x A reasonable experience/knowledge in
In addition you will need
Fluency in both English and Tamil inclu Good communication skills and telepho Ability to work on his/her initiative and v Flexible approach and the ability to wor and during unsocial hours.
For further details and an application form, please C
The CO-Ordinator South London Tamil Welfare Gro 41-47 Hatfield Road, LONDONSW 19 3SG Telephone No.0181-540-3715
Closing date for receipt of application is Thursday 12th ( We are an Equal Opportunities Employer and operate
:

TAMIL TIMES 33
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ollupitiya, BambalOr Havelock town. Close, Chaseside,
don N14 4EN.
Institute (UK)
enting ly (The Swami)
of the Greatest /edanta Philosophy a three-day series
res On Ofa Bhakta
of God) 5 October 1995
eachers Centre, Harrowweald,
Middx.
y) at 7 to 8.30pm ay) at 5 to 6.30pm y) at 3 to 4.30pm nd al are uvelcome load, Harrow Road, lx, HA1 1JR
BURNING BUSH
Christian Fellowship
Proclaim Christ crucified and instruct the power of His resurrection to the poor, announce liberation to the oppressed, recover sight to the blind, heal the sick raise the dead, set at liberty them that are bruised, Prophecy the soon coming King, go into all the world and tell women, children and men that are enslaved spiritually, mentally and physically
"Christ the liberator haS Connel' For Prayer Requests and details of
weekly services please phone: Flash Facts: Brother Barnabas J.
Alexander, Tel/Fax 0181 251 8325
NEYVGNEs
CERTIFIED ACCOUNTANTS &
REGISTERED AUDITORS
84 Ilford Lafae ford
m Essex G1 2LA Tel: 081-5535876 Fax: 081-553 3721 Mobile: 0956 277112
mil Welfare Group based in Wimbledon)
rRATIVE ASSISTANT
Ist for London) s for this post to assist the Co-ordinator with
nistration
-Processing
ntS welfare benefits and immigration advice
ding interpretation and translation
nearnerS with a proven track record to meet targets k well under pressure including work on Saturdays
OntaCt:-
lp,
)ctober 1995.
a No Smoking Policy.

Page 34
34 TAMIL TIMES
J. KULENDRAN
Beddington Insurance Services (Wimbledon) Ltd
157A Hartfield Road, 96 Sudbury Avenue, Wimbledon, North Wembley,
London SW 19 3TJ Middlesex HAO 3BG Tel: 0181-543 5181 Tel: O181-9049686
O Fast Cars O Young drivers O Convictions, etc.
O Contents and Buildings O Commercial and Domestic
Funding
O Business insurance O Liability O indemnity, etc.
Fully Computerised Guaranteed Quotes and Instant Cover For Motor Vehicles Payment by Instalments Available
TRANSCON
SHIPPING R 7
The Most C
Service
SEAFREIGHT TEACHEST
உங்கள் உடமைகள் பாவையும் கப்பல் மூலமாகவோ அல்லது விமான மூல
TRANSCONTIN அதுமட்டுமல்ல, நீங்கள் அனுப்பும் பொருட்கள் பாவையும் கொழும் அனுப்பி உரிய நேரத்தில் ஒருவித கஷ்டமின்றி !
TRANSCONTIN அத்துடன், உங்கள் விமானப் பிரயாணம் எவ்விடம் என்றாலும் குறைந்த வில் ANSCO
நீங்கள் தொடர்பு கொள்ள வேண்டியவர்கள்:
Woodgreen Business Centre, Su
235 High Road, Woodgreen,
as 0181-889 8486, MOBILE: 0956 52
 
 
 
 
 

15 SEPTEMBER 1995
YOGA. & CO.
For all your legal WOrk and conveyancing
Solicitors & Administrators of Oaths
47 Booth Road, Colindale, London NM/55S
| MMIGRATION SOLICTOR
k Asylum Applications/Asylum Appeals
Extended Stay/Permanent Residence # Visas for Elderly Parents, Wives, Visitors, Students Citizenship . Also Other Appeals
Nearly 700 Tamil clients acted for 2up tO ?aOʻuv Legal Aid Available
AJ. Phone/Fax: Tony Paterson 2TERSON On 0181-748 8532
RAVEL LTD
omprehensive Shipping/Air Cargo o Colombo Clearing at Ceylon Shipping Warehouse
: 2.5O Per CU.Ft. : £12.50
மாகவோ உரிய நேரத்தில் பாதுகாப்பாகவும் துரிதமாகவும் அனுப்புவதற்கு
NA SIPPING பிலுள்ள பாதுகாப்பான சேகரிப்பு கிலையத்திற்கு (Privatewarehouse) டங்கள் கையில் ஒப்படைப்பதில் விர்ப்பன்னர்கள் ENAL SHIPPING லேபில் நிகரற்ற சேவைகளை செய்து கொடுப்பதில் முன்னணியில் கிற்பவர்கள் NTNI NA
Harry Mahendra, Asoka Fernando or Nagabalan ΟΡΕΝ
te 412, Ashley House SEVEN Lomcom N22 4HF , DAYS
INCLUDING
500, FAX: 0181-889 2676 SUNDAYS

Page 35
15 SEPTEMBER 1995
BRITISHA
TO COL FROM 31 C
Tuesdays and Satu From G
Via Abu
Return Possible | British A
Competitive
in Sri II
Major Credit C.
GLEN EXPRES
ř) 155 Notting Hill Gat Telephone: 0171221.3

TAMIL TIMES 35
ך
AIRWAYS
OMBO )CTOBER
rdays at 10.30pm atWick
Dhabi
From Madras On AirWays
HOtel RateS -anka
ards Accepted
STRAVELLTD
e, London W11 3LF
498 Fax: 0171243 8277

Page 36
SHIPPING – AR FR
UNACCOMPANIED BAGGAGE — PERSON WEHICLES, MAC
To COLOMBO AND OTHER
MAN AGENT FOR W Passenger Tickets and Unac
7. Please Contact Us For Wa
To Colombo And C Destina
GLEN CARRIE
-- 14 Allied Way, off Warple
s í\ Telephone: 0181 7 ローJ Fax: 01 \< ދ BONDED
Laksiriseva, 2533. Awissa Well ܚ ܲ ܣܗ"
i TRICO aINTERNATIONAL
(SHIPPING) LTD TRICO SHIPPING SCHIEUTE
SEELSELSLLS0 KLSJLLLL LLL LLLL EELLSaLLLLLL Y LELLLLLEELSLLEE0LLYLaaLLLL LLLLLLLLYaLLS
Wessel NBC Closing Dala Salling Ariwal
Hanjin Hong KOng 24,0g.g5 Հg/DE/gE 1ETU/95 Hanjin Seattle 1,095 DE5, 195 221)B5 Hanjin Hamburg 5-1,95 20.1ü.95 05.1195
CAMADA ALLUSTRAL IM Trico Shipping - 685 Lansdowne Av. Unlil 8, 24-25 Carrick, Sulle 22, Toronto, OnL MIGH379. Tulaarile, Tol|| FEE: 1-800-555 5 go Wicloria, 3,043 Tel: 416536 DO98 Fa X: 416536 1901 Tel. 6313388 5978
CL ELLLLH LELELLLaLaa MLLLLLLLL0L LLaL LLLLLL aLLL LLLL LLLS HLLLL car parking |acilities where Juf CLust Crimers HEI've the Extra Englit of Jacking their gcoids tha Tselves wilah C4Jr ass5 lanc We cifer a friendly and professional service at Corripetitive rates Once your goods are in our hands. We guararies a safe and F Lificant delivery to your destination. We also offer FREE STORAGE to Our CLIstarters for a period of ONE MONTH in our bonded warahпшge in CulUTHU
LL LLLLLLLSLLLLLLLL LL LSLLLLLLLYLLLL LLLLLLLKLLELLL LLLLLLLL LLLLLLLLELE L0LLLLLLL LLLL LLLL LLLLLL
Trico International Shipping Ltd Unit 4, Building "C"The Business Centre at Wood Green,
Clarendon Rd, London N22 6XJ Te: I8-8888787Fax: (I8889.545 لـ
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

EIGHT - TRAVEL
L EFFECTS, HOUSEHOLD GOODS, NERY ETC.
ORLD WIDE DESTINATIONS AIRLANIKA
Ompanied Baggage
ious Discounted Fares ther World Wide
tions
RS LIMITED
Way, Acton, London W3 ORQ 40 8379/0181 749 0595
31 740 4229
WAREHOUSE a Road, Colo TibO 14 Tel: 575576
UNIWEST
INTERNATIONAL
30 Friern Barnet Road, London N1 l 1 NA
To 7 S-II (87 d:13
W] ISI-:jWዅና ፵ö!...! F፧rk : W} † SI-:ቭኛ1 84$JS
I goods are lodged in a modern, fully computerised. Borded Warehousa (outside the Port) Ceylon Shipping Lines. 294.10 D.F. Wijewardena Mawatha. Colombo 10, Tel: 4329945
WE ARE STILL THE BEST AND CHEAPEST
NO HIDDEN CHARGES
Air Lanka Appointed Travel Agent
ravel Agents for Kuwait, Emirates, Gulf Air, r France, KLM, Royal Jordanian, PIA and Balkan rlines.
hip Your CAR in a Container for £795 + Insurance 1T Colombo Office Warehouse is Staffed by 2 perienced Officers to Ensure Personal Attention
and Speedy Clearance of Your Goods Branch Offices in Toronto & Paris