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Muk;gk; - khh;r;- 2004 Nk - 2004 mspf;if 02 jpwe;j
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Ntz;Lk;
Mrphpah; FO
Nj.Njthde;j; m.tp[aehjd; F.yf;\;kzd; f.,.fkyehjd;
ntspaPL: nraw;jpwd; muq;f ,af;fk;. Active theatre Movement njhlh;GfSf;F : \\mUsfk;|| Mbaghjk; tPjp> jpUney;Ntyp aho;g;ghzk;
njh.Ng.: 0777 286220 e.mail :koot04@yahoo.com
‘fUQ;Rop’ ehlfk;
ghz;br;Nrhp gy;fiyf;fofg; Nguhrphpah; t.MWKfk; mth;fspd; ‘fUQ;Rop’ ehlfk; $j;jhbfspdhy; nuhud;Nlh fdlhtpy; Vg;gpuy; 10> 2004,y; Nkil Naw;wg;gl;lJ. ,e;ehlfj;ij jpU.Qhdk; yk;Ngh;l; mth;fs; newp ahs;if nra;jpUe;jhh;. ,e;ehlfk; cly; nkhopf;Nf mjp Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij mspf;fpd;wJ. kdpjNd kdpjDf;F tpNuhjp. kdpj rpe;jid kdpjid tsg;gLj;jtpy;iy. kdpjid kPl;gjha; $Wk; fUj;jpay;fs; kPz;Lk; kdpjid ,d;ndhU tiyf;Fs; rpf;f itf;fpd;wJ vd;w fUj;Jf;fis Kd;itf;fpd;wJ. ,e;j ehlfj;jpy; fpUgh fe;ijah nuIp kDty;gps;is> =gj;kehjd;> ghGgujuhIh> Ffd;> Fkhh;> uNk];> jdgjpghG> MuzpaghG> Qhdk; yk;Ngh;l; MfpNahh; ebj;Js;shh;fs;. ,j;jifa ehlf Kaw;rpfs; fNdba jkpo; ehlfr; #oiy tok;gLj;jp tUtJ Fwpg;gpl Ntz;baJ.
gh.m..Iafud;-nuhud;Nlh> fdlh
ahk;nahk;nahk;nahk;nahk;n nrhynrhy nrhynrhy nrhy
$j;j vd;W rhz xd;W gpd;t
“Milahy;
gPlila te vj;JizAk; mj;JizAk ‘NgrhJ mlq;fp ,Uf;f’ ,th vd;fpd;w MilAk; mzpAk; v ky; kiwf;f Kad;Wk; Njhw;Wt mlq;fp ,Uf;fg; Nghjpg;gth;f yhj; JiwfspYk; ‘njhw;wp’ tp jg;gpf;nfhs;s KbAk;.
G+rhhpfs; ‘ghh;itghh;j;J’ ‘Fio rd;djj;ij epWtj;Jtjw;Fg; g cr;rhldg;gLj;jp> cUNtw;wpr; tpg;gijAk; mtjhdpf;f Kbfpd ‘Nfhopnfhz;lh’> ‘ML nfhz ‘ghtpfshy;’; vd;d nra;a Kb cs;s xNu cwT ,tw;iw vd vdJ mwpT> mDgtk;> czh Nfhy;fs;. ,tw;wpypUe;J tpLgl
‘Mik Mapuk;; Kl;ilfis Mik Mapuk;; Kl;ilfis Mik Mapuk;; Kl;ilfis Mik Mapuk;; Kl;ilfis Mik Mapuk;; Kl;ilfis Nfhop xU Kl;ilia ,l;L t Nfhop xU Kl;ilia ,l;L t Nfhop xU Kl;ilia ,l;L t Nfhop xU Kl;ilia ,l;L t Nfhop xU Kl;ilia ,l;L t vd;w gonkhopAk; vd; epidt
‘thd;FUtpapd; $L thd;FUtpapd; $L thd;FUtpapd; $L thd;FUtpapd; $L thd;FUtpapd; $L Njd;rpyk;gp ahth;f;Fk Njd;rpyk;gp ahth;f;Fk Njd;rpyk;gp ahth;f;Fk Njd;rpyk;gp ahth;f;Fk Njd;rpyk;gp ahth;f;Fk ty;NyNk nad;W ty ty;NyNk nad;W ty ty;NyNk nad;W ty ty;NyNk nad;W ty ty;NyNk nad;W ty vy;Nyhh;f;Fk; xt;nth vy;Nyhh;f;Fk; xt;nth vy;Nyhh;f;Fk; xt;nth vy;Nyhh;f;Fk; xt;nth vy;Nyhh;f;Fk; xt;nth ,JNt $j;Juq;fj;jpD}L ehd
jpUkjp Qhdjh]; n[auQ fhl;rp: ifyhrgjp fiyau
ahk;nghpJ ahk;nghpJ ahk;nghpJ nrhy nrhy ahk;nghpJ nrhy ahk;nghpJ nrhy nrhy Ntz;lhk; Ntz;lhk; Ntz;lhk; Ntz;lhk; Ntz;lhk; ty;NyNk ty;NyNk ty;NyNk ty;NyNk ty;NyNk fhz;... fhz;... fhz;...
fhz;... fhz;... nad;W nad;W nad;W nad;W nad;W typik typik typik typik typik -fyhepjp.v];.rptypq;fuh[h fyhepjp.v];.rptypq;fuh[h fyhepjp.v];.rptypq;fuh[h fyhepjp.v];.rptypq;fuh[h fyhepjp.v];.rptypq;fuh[h-
aho;. gy;fiyf;fofk; $j;juq;fj;jpw;F xU nra;jp Ntz;Lk; vd;W ez;gh;fs; vd;idf; Nfl;l nghOJ> rhzf;fpa ePjpntz;ghtpy; cs;s ghly; xd;W epidTf;F te;jJ. mg;ghly; gpd;tUkhW:
“Milahy; kw;iw mzpahy; myq;fhpj;Jg; gPlila te;j ngU%ld; - ePlitapy; vj;JizAk; NgrhJ mlq;fp ,Ug;gNuy; mj;JizAk; Nkd;ik mth;f;F" grhJ mlq;fp ,Uf;f' ,th;fs; tpLtjhapy;;iy. gl;lk;> gjtp
;fpd;w MilAk; mzpAk; vd;idg; TngU%ld;' vd;W fhl;lh ; kiwf;f Kad;Wk; Njhw;Wtpl;lij czh;fpd;Nwd;. rhjpg;gth;fs;> lq;fp ,Uf;fg; Nghjpg;gth;fs; Trd;djk;' MLk; epiy ,d;W vy; j; JiwfspYk; Tnjhw;wp' tpl;lJ. ehlfk; ,jpypUe;J vt;thW ;gpf;nfhs;s KbAk;.
hhpfs; Tghh;itghh;j;J' TFiof;fbj;J' TtpG+jp' Nghl;L ,r; ;djj;ij epWtj;Jtjw;Fg; gjpyhf> cLf;fbj;J> r;rhldg;gLj;jp> cUNtw;wpr; rd;djj;ij cr;rkhf Ml;L g;gijAk; mtjhdpf;f Kbfpd;wJ. TcU'Ntwpath;fs; fhopnfhz;lh'> TML nfhz;lh' vd;W $r;;ry; Nghl;lhy; mg; htpfshy;'; vd;d nra;a KbAk;.vdf;Fk; $j;J> ehlfj;jpw;Fk; s;s xNu cwT ,tw;iw vd;dstpy; ,urpg;gtd; vd;gJ jhd;. J mwpT> mDgtk;> czh;T> tpsf;fk; ,itNa vdJ msT hy;fs;. ,tw;wpypUe;J tpLglKbahJ. tpLgl tpUg;gKk; ,y;iy.
ik ik ik ik ik Mapuk;; Mapuk;; Mapuk;; Mapuk;; Mapuk;; Kl;ilfis Kl;ilfis Kl;ilfis Kl;ilfis Kl;ilfis ,l;Ltpl;L ,l;Ltpl;L ,l;Ltpl;L ,l;Ltpl;L ,l;Ltpl;L mlq;fp mlq;fp mlq;fp mlq;fp mlq;fp ,Uf;f ,Uf;f ,Uf;f ,Uf;f ,Uf;f op op op op op xU xU xU xU xU Kl;ilia Kl;ilia Kl;ilia Kl;ilia Kl;ilia ,l;L ,l;L ,l;L ,l;L ,l;L tpl;Lf; tpl;Lf; tpl;Lf; tpl;Lf; tpl;Lf; nfhf;fhpj;Jf; nfhf;fhpj;Jf; nfhf;fhpj;Jf; nfhf;fhpj;Jf; nfhf;fhpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ' nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ ;w gonkhopAk; vd; epidtpy; tUfpd;wJ.
Tthd;FUtpapd; thd;FUtpapd; thd;FUtpapd; thd;FUtpapd; thd;FUtpapd; $L $L $L $L $L ty;yuf;Fj; ty;yuf;Fj; ty;yuf;Fj; ty;yuf;Fj; ty;yuf;Fj; njhy;fiuahd; njhy;fiuahd; njhy;fiuahd; njhy;fiuahd; njhy;fiuahd; Njd;rpyk;gp Njd;rpyk;gp Njd;rpyk;gp Njd;rpyk;gp Njd;rpyk;gp ahth;f;Fk; ahth;f;Fk; ahth;f;Fk; ahth;f;Fk; ahth;f;Fk; nra;ahpjhy; nra;ahpjhy; nra;ahpjhy; nra;ahpjhy; nra;ahpjhy; - - - - - ahk;nghpJ ahk;nghpJ ahk;nghpJ ahk;nghpJ ahk;nghpJ ty;NyNk ty;NyNk ty;NyNk ty;NyNk ty;NyNk nad;W nad;W nad;W nad;W nad;W typik typik typik typik typik nrhy nrhy nrhy nrhy nrhy Ntz;lhk; Ntz;lhk; Ntz;lhk; Ntz;lhk; Ntz;lhk; fhz; fhz; fhz; fhz; fhz; vy;Nyhh;f;Fk; vy;Nyhh;f;Fk; vy;Nyhh;f;Fk; vy;Nyhh;f;Fk; vy;Nyhh;f;Fk; xt;nthd;W xt;nthd;W xt;nthd;W xt;nthd;W xt;nthd;W vspJ vspJ vspJ' vspJ vspJ Nt $j;Juq;fj;jpD}L ehd; nrhy;Yk; nra;jpahFk;.
pUkjp Qhdjh]; n[auQ;rpdpapd; muq;fpw;fhd eldj;jpd; xU l;rp: ifyhrgjp fiyauq;F> aho; gy;fiyf;fofk; - 10.03.2004
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ngz;fs; muq;F ngz;fs; kPjhd mOj;jq;fSf;F
czh;ntOr;rpNa \fy;ypd; fr
ehlfk; gw;wpa fUj;jpay; ghh;it - ,yf;fpah-
muq;fpd; gy;ghpkhzk; gpuNah fg;Nghf;fpd; gb mJ rhjpf;f tpistd gw;gy. GiuNah bf;fplf;fpd;w r%f epakq; fSs; (Social nomes ) muq;F jd;dfj;Nj vy;iyg; gLj;jg;gl;l> Gydhfh epa kq;fisj; jhq;fp te;jpUf; fpd;wJ. gpd;te;j ,ir ehlfg; ghuk; ghpak; vd;gdnty;yhk; muq; fg; ghuk;ghpaq;fshf nfhs; sg;gl;l Ntisfspy; ,t; tspf;iffspy; ngz;fs; gq;F gw;Wjy; yJ ,Ue;jpUf;fpd;wJ. tpUk;gg;glhj vd;gJ ,ayhj xd;whfNt ,it my;
fy;ypd; ehtyh; kz;lgk; frpT ehlf 08.03.200
Mw;Wi
kPwg;gl;l re;jh;g;gq;fspYk; mit GweilfshfNt (Exception) fUjg;gl;bUf; fpd;wd. vdpDk; Nkw;Fyf muq;fpd; jhf;fq;fs; ,q;F vl;lg;gl;l Ntisfspy;> Fwpg;ghf \etPd ehlfq;fs;| vd kf;fshy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;L te;j muq;f mspf;iffs; vz;gJfspy; ,e;epiyikiag; ngUk;ghYk; mtjhdpj;jpUf;fyhk;. ajhh;j;j thj ehlf tbtk; (Realistic style) mjd; fl;likg;G tbtk; vd;gd ,jw;fhd re;jh;g;gj;ij mspj;jpUf;fyhk;. cz;ikapy; xU kj;jpa ju th;f;fj;jpd; muq;fpay; mtsJ gpur;ridia ikag;gLj;jpa
gpur;ridfi jhfg; gpd;dg;gl;bUe;jjpy;iy. MapDk; ngz; epiy
gilj;jth ;f thjf; Nfhl;ghLfs; vk;kj;jpapy; gutj; njhlq;fpa
tpilakh Fk Ntisapy; muq;Fk; jd; Nghf;fpy; nefpo;itf;
vz;Zk; ngz nfhz;Ltu Kaw;rpj;Js;sJ. ,q;Nf Kw;Nghf;Fr;
ehlfk; ebj rpe;jdhthjq;fs; cWJiz mspj;J epd;wpUf;fpd;wd.
fw;wth;fs; mjd;gb> vz;gJfspd; gpd; ngz;fs; gw;wpAk;
ngUk;ghyhd mth;fs; rhh;e;j gpur;ridfs; gw;wpAk; \muq;Nfwpg;
,t; muq;Ff NgRjy;| rhj;jpakhdjhfTk;> rf[khdjhfTk;
ngWkhdk; mike;Js;sd. MapDk; jdpkdpj epiyapYk;>
fpuhkkl;lj;j FLk;g> r%f mOj;j epiyapYk; muq;fpy; ngz;fs;
%ykhf jq ghlrhiy kl;lj;jpYk;> gy;fiyf;fof kl;lj;jpYk; epd;W mjhtJ jkf;fhd xU> Ttud;Kiw ghJfhg;Gj; jsj;jpy;' epd;Nw ngz;fs; muq;f Mw;Wiffspy; muq;F njhlh;ghd gl tpise;j
\fy;ypd; frpT| Mw;Wifahsh;fshd Atjpfs; fpuhkq; Us; ngUk;gh
fs; NjhWk; nrd;W> kf;fspd; Kd; new;wpf;F NeNu jkJ kag;gLj;jpa
gpur;ridfisg; Glk;Nghl;Lf; fhl;Lk; jpwd; ; ngz; epiy
gilj;jth ;fshf tpsq;FtJ Fwpg;gplg;glNtz;ba ; njhlq;fpa
tpilakh Fk;. NkilNawp ebg;gijNa gpur;ridahf nefpo;itf;
vz;Zk; ngz;fs; kj;jpapy; (,q;Nf NkilNaWjy;> Kw;Nghf;Fr;
ehlfk; ebj;jy; vd;gJ gy;fiyf;fof muq;F> ;wpUf;fpd;wd.
fw;wth;fs; fz;Lfspf;Fk; muq;F vd;gd s; gw;wpAk;
ngUk;ghyhd ngz;fSf;F gpur;ridahf ,Ug;gjpy;iy. \muq;Nfwpg;
,t; muq;FfSf;F Xh; mq;fPfhuk; my;yJ r%fg; hdjhfTk;
ngWkhdk; ,Ug;g jdhy; MFk;.) ,e;jf; epiyapYk;>
fpuhkkl;lj;jpy; cs;s ngz;fs; \fy;ypd; frpT| py; ngz;fs;
%ykhf jq;fs; gpur;ridia - ngz; fs; pisTfSk;
gpur;ridia NgrptUjy; tpaf;fg;gl Ntz;baNj. ,Uf;fpd;wd.
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$j;juq;fpd; KjyhtJ ,jo; ntspaPL 06.03. 2004 md;W khiy 7.00 kzpf;F jpUney; Ntypapy; mike;Js;s nray; jpwd; muq;f ,af;fj;jpd; mYty fj;jpy; kpf vspikahf eilngw;wJ. Nj.Njthde;j; jiyik apy; eilngw;w epfo;tpy; $j;juq; fpd; Mrphpah;fs; nray; jpwd; muq;f ,af;fj;jpd; khzth;fSk; gq;F nfhz; ldh;.
,e;j epfo;;tpy; $j;juq;fpd; KjyhtJ gpujpia ehlfKk; muq;fpaYk; Jiw rhh; rQ;rpiffs; gy Vw;fdNt te;jp Ug;gJ gw;wp Foe;ij k.rz;Kfypq; fk; Fwpg;gpl;lhh;. mtw;wpy; gy ,il eLtpy; epd;Wtpl;ld. jw;NghJ jpUkiwf; fyhkd;wj;jpd; TMw;Wif' njhlh;e;J ntsp tUfpwJ. ,Ug;gpDk;> njhlh;e;J ,af;Ftjpy; rpf;fy;fis vjph;Nehf;Ffpwhh;fs;. ,e;jpahtpy; ,Ue;J Tfl;bak;' vd;w cyfj; jkpo; muq;f ,jo; ntsptUfpwJ. mth;fSf;Fk; Mf;fq;fs; ngWtjpy; rpukq;fs; cs;sd.
Tmuq;fk;'> Tfy;ahzp'> Tehlf ntsp' (,e;jpah) Nghd;w ,il eLtpy; epd;WNghd ehlf rQ;rpiffs; vd;gijAk; Rl;bf; fhl;bdhh;. ,e;jg; gpd;dzpapy; kpf ek;gpf; ifAld; nray; jpwd; muq;f ,af; fj;jpdh; $j;juq;if xU nra;jp
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,johf nfhz;L tUtJ kfpo;T FhpaJ. jsuhJ njhlh;e;J nra glNtz;Lk; vd;Wk; Foe;ij k.rz Kfypq;fk; Fwpg;gpl;lhh;.
Nguhrphpah; ee;jp mth;fs; jdJ fU Jiuapy;> $j;juq;if> njhlh;e ntspapLtJ njhlh;ghd jd MNyhridfis Kd;itj;jhh;.
Mrhpah; FO xd;W mike;jpUg;g ghul;Lf;FhpaJ. ,J njhlh;e;J el gjw;fhd ey;ynjhU top> xU rpy tpLgl;Lr; nrd;whYk; NtW rpyi cs;thq;fpj; njhlh;e;J elj KbAk;. ,Ug;gpDk; njhlh;r;rpi NgZtjw;F xUtuhtJ njhlh;e ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;whh;.
m.jhrPrpa]
GjpanjhU ghg;gh Nghd;w rpwe;j ehlfq;fs etPd ehlfj;Jiwia mwpKfk ehlf muq;ff; fy;Y}hpapd; Njh ngUe;Jizahf epd;wth;. ehlf fw;gjw;fhd xd;W vd;gijAk;
ohf nfhz;L tUtJ kfpo;Tf; paJ. jsuhJ njhlh;e;J nraw; Ntz;Lk; vd;Wk; Foe;ij k.rz; ypq;fk; Fwpg;gpl;lhh;.
hrphpah; ee;jp mth;fs; jdJ fUj; uapy;> $j;juq;if> njhlh;e;J spapLtJ njhlh;ghd jdJ Nyhridfis Kd;itj;jhh;.
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lfdhf INuhg;gpa ehLfspy; nraw;gLk; mDgtk; gw;wp Ak; gfph;e;J hz;lhh;. xU ehlfd; Clfdhfr; nraw;gLk; tpe;ij fz;L khzth;fs; e;jhh;fs;. Nfhil> GjpanjhU tPL> nghWj;jJ NghJk;> $btpisahL ;gh Nghd;w rpwe;j ehlfq;fspd; newpahsuhd ,th; aho;g;ghzj;jpy; Pd ehlfj;Jiwia mwpKfk; nra;jth;fspy; Kjd;ikahdth;. aho; f muq;ff; fy;Y}hpapd; Njhw;wj;jpw;F Foe;ij k.rz;Kfypq;fj;jpw;F Ue;Jizahf epd;wth;. ehlfj;jpw;F gapw;rp Njit vd;gijAk; ehlfk; ;gjw;fhd xd;W vd;gijAk; typAWj;jp mjw;fhf cioj;jth;.
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FiwT vd;Wk; $wpdhh;. hrphpah; nr.rptQhdRe;juk; (ee;jp) ngw;Wf;
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Foe;ij rz;Kfypq;fk; mth;fsJ muq;fpaw; fl;Liu ahf;fq;fSk;> Neh;fhzy;fSk; jdpj;j xU njhFg;G E}yhf ,Ztpy; fiy ,yf;fpa tl;lj;jpduhy; fe;ijah =fNzrd; mth;fsJ Kaw;rpapdhy; ntspaplg;gl;Ls; sik mwpf;if Nehf;fpYk;> Ma;T Nehf;fpYk; Mh;tj; ijj; J}z;bAs;snjhU Gyik eltbf;ifahFk;. ,yq;ifapd; muq;fpay; tsh;r;rpapy; MWKf ehtyh; gw;wpf; $wg;gl;l fUj;J (Foe;ij rz;Kfypq;fk; mth; fshw; $wg;gl;lJ md;W) ,r; re;jh;g; gj;jpw; Fwpg;gplg;glNtz;bAs;sJ. mjhtJ> Gnul;nl];jhe;jpduJ nry;thf;F MWKf ehtyhplj;J fhzg;ngw;wikahy; mth; aho;g;ghzj;jpNy $j;Jf;fiyia tsu tplhJ jLj;jhh; vd;W muq;fpayhsh; rpyuhy; Kd;itf;fg;gLk; fUj;J kPsha;Tf;F chpaJ. $j;J cs;spl;l ftpd;fiyfspd; tsh;r;rpapy; MWKf ehtyh; Neubahfg; gq;F nfhz;likf;Fg; gpd;t Uk; rhd;W fs; cs;s d.
1. Njthuq;fs; ghLk; nghOJ tl ,e;jpa ,irf;fUtp
ahd rhuq;fpia mth; gad;gLj;jpdhh;.
2. tz;zhh; gz;izapy; irtg;gpufhr tpj;jpahrhiyia epWtpaikiaj;njhlh;e;J Nfhg;ghapYk;> ,Ztpyp Yk; irtg; gpufhu tpj;jpahrhiyfis mth; Vw;gLj;jpdhh;. ,Ztpypy; epWtg; ngw;w irtg; gpufhrtpj;jpahrhiy Kd;wypy; mth; fhyj;jpy; tho;e;j mz;zhtpahh; fjph;fhkh; vd;gtiuf; nfhz;L gy $j;Jf;fis NkilNaw;Wtjw;Fj; J}z;Ljy; toq;fpdhh;. Mdhy; ngz;fs; NkilNawpf; $j; jhLtjw;F mth; mDkjp toq;ftpy;i y. khwhf ngz; ghj;jpuq;fis Mz;fNs Gide;J MlNtz; Lk; vd;gJk; mtuhy; tw;GWj;jg;gLfpd;wJ. (mz;zh tpahh; fjph;fhkhpd; Ngud; Rg;i gah mth;fs; ,e; ehl;bd; guj eldj;jpy; kWkyh;r;rpia Vw;gLj; jpath;; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ)
3. MWKf ehtyhpd; rNfhjuNu mf; fhyj;jpy; xU
rpwe;j $j;Jf; fiyQuhf tpsq;fpdhh; vd;gJ Fwpg; gplj;jf;fJ.
Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;l Fwpg;Gf;fNshL Foe;ij mth;fspd; muq;fpay; mwpifia Nehf;f Ntz;bAs;sJ.
Foe;ij mth;fsJ muq;fpay; mspf;if xU jdpj;j epfo;r;rp (
single event
E}y; tpkh;rdk; mKq;fpa nksdq;fis cilj;j gq;fspg;Gk; Foe;ijf;Nf chpaJ.
\ehlf tof;F| E}y; ntspaPl;L tpo Nguhrphpah; rgh n[a
nfhz;bUe;j Jd;gpaw; Gid ,tuJ Gyf;f khw;Wtifah thf xU ehL Rit Kd;nd eifr; Rit
epf Nj gz
vw \t vd Fo m by ng fs ntWg;gpdh; fiyaoF K
xLf;FKiwA gLj;jg;gLk; f mlq;fpapUf;F silence
) cUt jkJ vOj;jh njhU nksd
ntspaPl;L t Re;juypq;f ) md;W. vkJ r%fk;> nghUsh
jpl;Lf; nfh
jhuk;> murpay;> gz;ghL vd;w midj;jpdJk; ,il tpidfis cs;slf;fpa gd;Kfg; ghpkhzq;fisf; nfhz;l Mw;wy; kpf;f tpir vd;W Fwpg;gpLjNy nghUj; jkhdJ. me;j tpirfisj; jOtpa mwpif ntspg; ghLfshf mtuJ fl;Liuahf;fq;fs; vOe;Js;sd.
njhd;ikahd fpNuf;fr; rpe;jidfSk; mtw;NwhL ,ize;j
Nguh. rgh n[auhrh
Ntis Kuz tpidfis ( ntspg;gLj;j gq;fspg;Gk; F
muq;if xU tpirAld; g
E}y; tpkh;rdk;
q;fis cilj;j ;ijf;Nf chpaJ.
of;F| E}y; ntspaPl;L tpohtpy; Nguhrphpah; rgh n[auhrh paw; fl;Liu xU njhFg;G uhy; fe;ijah paplg;gl;Ls; pYk; Mh;tj; f;ifahFk;. Kf ehtyh; ypq;fk; mth; ;
;
;
;
,irf;fUtp hh;.
;jpahrhiyia k;> ,Ztpyp fis mth; gw;w irtg; h; fhyj;jpy; iuf; nfhz;L j; J}z;Ljy; Nawpf; $j; ;i y. khwhf ; MlNtz; J. (mz;zh th;fs; ,e; pia Vw;gLj;
hyj;jpy; xU d;gJ Fwpg;
mth;fspd; s;sJ.
ntspaPl;L tpohtpy; %j;j fiyQh;fshd v];.hp.jpUehTf;fuR (tyJ)> xU jdpj;j k;> nghUsh
Re;juypq;fk; (kj;jp) MfpNahUf;F jdJ Gj;jfj;jpy; ifnaOj; jpl;Lf; nfhLf;Fk; Foe;ij k.rz;Kfypq;fk;
pdJk; ,il hzq;fisf; jNy nghUj; wpif ntspg; Oe;Js;sd.
whL ,ize;j
nfhz;bUe;j njhlh;GfisAk;> mtw;iw mbnahw;wpa Jd;gpaw; GidTfisAk; Nehf;Fk; nghOJ Njhd;Wk; ,tuJ Gyf;fhl;rpfs; ,Jtiu ntspg;gLj;jg;glhj khw;Wtifahd Jyq;fy;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sd. nghJ thf xU ehL cWjp;Ak; gyKk; ngw;wpUf;Fk; Jd;gpay; Rit Kd;ndLf;fg;gLjYk; ehL eypTw;Ws;s Ntis eifr; Rit NkNyhq;FjYk; Fwpg;gplf;$ba epfo;r;rpfshFk;. Mq;fpy ,yf;fpa kugpNy Njhd;wpa
Happy ending novels
Nkw;$wpa gz;igj; njspTgLj;Jk;.
vwpf; GNwhkpDila MSik tifg;ghL \tho;f;if eag;gpdh;|> \tho;f;if ntWg;gpdh;| vd;w mikg;gpaiyf; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wJ. Foe;ij mth;fSk; mth;fisr; #o;e;j muq;fpayhsh;fSk; Nkw;$wpa tifg;ghl; by; tho;f;if eag;gpduhf cUthf;fk; ngWk; Nfhyq;fs; mthpd; vOj;jhf;fq; fspNy tputpAs;sJ. khwhf> tho;f;if ntWg;gpdh; md;dpakhFk; Nfhyq;fspy; ,Ue;Nj fiyaoF Kfpo;j;njOtjhff; nfhs;th;.
xLf;FKiwAk;> xLf;FKiwf;Ff; fUtpfshfg; gad; gLj;jg;gLk; fy;tpAk; fiy ,yf;fpaq;fSk; r%fj;jpy; mlq;fpapUf;Fk; xU nksdg;gz;ghl;il (
culture of silence
) cUthfpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; vd NkhNyh gpNwhp jkJ vOj;jhf;fq;fisf; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shh;. ,j;jifa njhU nksdg;gz;ghL vkJ #oypYk; fhzg;gl;l
Nguh. rgh n[auhrh
Ntis Kuz;ghLfspd; mbg;gilahf vOk; ,il tpidfis (
Interactions
) muq;fpaypNy Jy;ypakhf ntspg;gLj;jp> mKq;fpa nksdq;fis cilj;j gq;fspg;Gk; Foe;ij mth;fSf;Nf chpaJ.
muq;if xU gykpf;f gy js topKiwahf (
means
) tpirAld; gad;gLj;jpa (6Mk; gf;fk; nry;Yq;fs;)
muq;fpaYk; gw;wpa Mokhd crh tiy ,th; Nkw;nfhz;Ls;shh;. cyf ehfhpfj;jpd; njhl;;byhf tpsq;fpa fpNuf;fj;jpd; mwptpa NyhLk;> murpaNyhLk; muq;F
$j;juq;fk; 5
Page 6
mspf;if 02 (5Mk; gf;fj;jpypUe;J) Foe;ij mth;fs; jkJ Ragbkj;ij nksdkh fNt itj;Jf; nfhz;lhh;. gy jsq;fspy; gd;ik (
Plural
) Nehf;Fld; muq;if mth; Kd;ndLj;jikiaAk; kjpg;gPLfs; Nkw;nfhz;l ikiaAk; ,e;E}ypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s 16 fl;LiufSk; jUk; Gyf;fhl;rpfshfTs;sd.
vkJ gz;ghl;Lf;Fk; vkJ #oYf;F Khpa nghUj;jkhd muq;if (
Appropriate Theatre
) cUthf;Ftjw;Fhpa Kidg;G mtuJ muq; fpay; epiyapy; Kd;ida fl;Lkhdq;fis Fiyj;J kPs;fl;Lkhdj;ij Kd;ndLj;Js; shh;. ,t;thW nra;Ak;nghOJ xU tpj xUq; fpizg;Gj; jUf;fk; (
Dialectics of Integration
) mthplj;Jf; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ,e;j jUf;fj; jpdJ my;yJ ,aq;fpaypdJ mbg;gilah fNt Foe;ij mth;fsJ ghpNrhjidfSk;> ghpNrhjidf; fUj;Jf;fSk; Kfpo;j;njOfpd;wd.
xUq;fpizg;gpYk;> ghpNrhjidfspYk; fiyg; gz;GfisAk; vjph;f;fiyg; (
Anti-Art
) gz;Gfis Ak; mth; Jy;ypakhf NtWgLj;jpg; ghh;f;fpd; whh;. ,t;thW NtWgLj;jpg; ghh;f;Fk;nghOJ mtUila jdpj;Jtj;ij ,dq; fhzf; $b ajhfTs;sJ. Foe;ij mth;fsJ muq;fpay; rhh;e;jjdpj;Jtk; muq;if mth; czh;Ts;s ,af;fkhf (
Theatre as spirit
) cUthf;F tjpyp Ue;J k; mofpay; %yfq;fshf rpy khiaj; Njhw;wq;fisg; (
Aesthetic illusions
) Gidtjp ypUe;Jk; ntspg;gLfpd;wJ. ,e; epiyapy; xj; jpirTk; xj;jpirit kPwYk; (
Homony and Dissonce
) vd;w ,U epiyg; ghq;F rhh;e;j ,Wf; fk; mthplj;Nj vOfpd;wJ. mtuJ muq;fp aw; ghh;it Mo;e;J nrOik nfhz;l gioik apNy Njha;tJk;> gioikapd; ,ilntsp iaf; fle;J etPdj;Jtj;jpd; RtLfisj; njhLtJk; vd;w ,Uepiy tPr;Rf;fisf; nfhz;ljhf mikfpd;wJ. Nkw;Fwpj;j ,Uepiy $l;L cs;slf;fj;ij (
collective content
) muq; fpay; Ma;tpYk;> Mw;WiffspYk; Kd;nd Lj;Js;shh;.
,e;epiyapy; mtUf;Fhpa muq;fpay; rhh;e;j jdpj;Jtk; r%fj; NjhL ,ize;J nry;tJk; r%fj;jpypUe;J xUfzk; tpLgl;Lj; jdpj;Jtkhfr; RahjPdk; (
Autonomy
) nfhs;tJk; vd;w ghpkhzq;fisg; ngWfpd;wJ. \thOk; fhyk; vd;gJ kdpj tuyhw;Wf; fhyk;| vd mth; jUk; tpsf;fk; rk fhyj;J ld; ,iztijAk; kWGwk; mjpypUe;J Gwtakhf tpLgLtijAk; vLj; Jf;fhl;Lfpd;wd. ,e;epiyapy; mtuJ mirT fs; muq;fpDf;F tho;itAk;> tho;f;iff;F muq;fpidAk; nfhLj;JtpLfpd;wd. muq;fpd; topahf mth; Kd;ndLf;Fk; njhlh;ghly; mt ek;gpf;ifapypUe;J ek;gpf;iff;Fk; ek;gpf;ifap ypUe;J NjlYf;F k; mire;J tUfpd;wd.
(3k;gf;fj;njhlh;r;rp)
ngz;fs; gpur;ridgw NkilNaw;wg;gl;bUf ngz;fs; gpur;ridi ehlfkhFk;. ,J gy;fiyf;fof gl;lg nra;ag;gl;lJ. ‘fy;y nfhz;bUg;gJk;> mj ,Ug;gJk; jtph;f;f Kb Ngrg;gLk; tplak;> m xd;whfNt ,Uf;fpd;wd ehlf tbtkhf Mu mikfpwJ. mJ NjitAkpy;iynad;N muq;f eltbf;i f % giwfpwhh;fs; vd;g nefpo;r;rpj;jd;ik ,l mth;fspw;Fj; Jiz
md;whlk; ngz;fs; v tPl;bNyh> my;yJ n Nkilapy; Vwpg; gy;Nt $wptpLfpwhh;fs;. , mg;gbNa gad;gLj tPhpaj;NjhL efh;e;J nr ghtid nra;Nthhpd; c mJ mth;fs; mD czh;ntOr;rpnad;Nw gw;wpg; nghpa nghpa fU ,e;jf; fpuhkkl;lj;j gpur;ridfis> mth;f tUjy; vd;gJ ngz gbepiy tsh;r;rp vd
ngz;fspw;fhd muq tpisahl;Lf;fs;> ghl mjw;fhd Mdhy;> me;Nehf;F Lifapy; gytPdkhd ifjl;bg; ghb MLj nraw;ghL vd;gJk;> nfhs;tjw;fhd Rl ,itjhd; ghh;itahs mq;fPfhpj;jhh;fs; m ep&gpg;gjw;fhd Mjh itf;f vLf;F k; gfPu Kaw;rpfisANk g tpLfpd;wJ.ey;Y}hpy; jpdj;jpw;fhf ‘fy;ypd; rhj;jpakhftpy;iy. f kj;jpapy; (rurhiy - (11k; gf;fk; nry;Yq
dkh spy; th; ;l 16 d.
hpa ) uq; is ;Js; Uq; ) ;fj; ah k;> d.
yg; is ;fpd; OJ b pay; s;s jpyp aj; tjp ; xj;
Wf; q;fp ik tsp sj; sf; piy uq; ;nd
h;e;j Jk; ;Lj; ) ;wJ. yk;| ld; e;J Lj; rT f;F ;fpd; mt fap .
(3k;gf;fj;njhlh;r;rp)
ngz;fs; gpur;ridgw;wp gy ehlfq;fs; gy;NtW fhyq;fspy; NkilNaw;wg;gl;bUf;fyhk;. vdpDk;> ehd; mwpe;j kl;by; ngz;fs; gpur;ridia Neubahfg; NgrpaJ T$h;' vd;w ehlfkhFk;. ,J jpUkjp.Qh.nIauQ;rpdp mth;fshy; gy;fiyf;fof gl;lg;gbg;Gj; Njitf;fhf 1995y; mspf;if nra;ag;gl;lJ. Tfy;ypd; frpT' ,e;ehlf Mw;Wifr; rhaiyf; nfhz;bUg;gJk;> mjd; fUj;jpay; rpj;jhe;jj;ijg; Nghd;Nw ,Ug;gJk; jtph;f;f KbahjjhfNt fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. Vnddpy; Ngrg;gLk; tplak;> mjidg; NgRk; cs;sq;fs;-czh;Tfs; xd;whfNt ,Uf;fpd;wd. cz;ikapy; ,jidr; nrOik kpFe;j ehlf tbtkhf Muha Ntz;ba Nehf;fNk Njitaw;wjhf mikfpwJ. mJ mt;thW mika Ntz;ba NjitAkpy;iynad;Nw vz;zj; Njhd;WfpwJ. ngz;fs; Xh; muq;f eltbf;i f %ykhfj; jq;fsJ gpur;fidiag; Ngrpg; giwfpwhh;fs; vd;gNj ajhh;j;jk;. mjw;F muq;fpd; nefpo;r;rpj;jd;ik ,lq; nfhLj;Js;sJ. muq;f %yfq;fs; mth;fspw;Fj; Jiz epw;fpd;wd.
md;whlk; ngz;fs; vjph;nfhs;fpd;w xt;nthU gpur;ridiaAk; tPl;bNyh> my;yJ njhpe;jth;fsplNkh $wj;jaq;Fgth;fs;> Nkilapy; Vwpg; gy;NtW jug;gpdh;; kj;jpapy; mspf;if %yk; $wptpLfpwhh;fs;. ,q;Nf Ch; thh;j;ijfs; ngUk;ghYk; mg;gbNa gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. nraypaf;fk; rpf;fd tPhpaj;NjhL efh;e;J nry;fpwJ . ,tw;wpw;F NkNy ghj;jpuq;fshfg; ghtid nra;Nthhpd; czh;Tfs; ,q;Nf Kf;fpak; ngWfpd;wd. mJ mth;fs; mDgtpf;Fk; mOj;jq;fspw;F vjpuhd czh;ntOr;rpnad;Nw vz;zj;Njhd;Wfpd;wJ.Tngz;zpak;' gw;wpg; nghpa nghpa fUj;Jf;fis mwpahj> my;yJ rpe;jpf;fhj ,e;jf; fpuhkkl;lj;jpYs;s ,sk; ngz;fs;> ngz;fspd; gpur;ridfis> mth;fspd; cs;kd czh;Tfis ntspg;gLj;jp tUjy; vd;gJ ngz;fs; jk; chpikfis miltjw;fhd gbepiy tsh;r;rp vd;Nw nfhs;sNtz;Lk;.
ngz;fspw;fhd muq;;ff; fsg;gapw;rpfspd; NghJ muq;f tpisahl;Lf;fs;> ghly;fs;> Mly;fs; vd;gtw;wpy; mth;fs; mjw;fhd re;jh;g;gj;ij Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;fpwhh;fs;. Mdhy;> me;Nehf;F va;jg;gLifapy; my;yJ Kaw;rpf;fg;g Lifapy; gytPdkhd xd;whfNt mike;J nfhs;fpwJ. ifjl;bg; ghb MLjy;; vd;gJ cly;> cs tpLjiyf;fhd nraw;ghL vd;gJk;> Mw;Wifapd; fUj;Jld; xj;jpirT nfhs;tjw;fhd Rl;b vd;gJk; cz;ikNa. MapDk;> ,itjhd; ghh;itahsh;fshd ngz;fs; Mw;Wifapd; fUj;ij mq;fPfhpj;jhh;fs; my;yJ czh;e;J nfhz;lhh;fs; vd ep&gpg;gjw;fhd Mjhuq;fshf fUjpg; ghh;tiahsiu Ml itf;f vLf;F k; gfPujg; gpuaj;jdq;fs; Vida midj;J Kaw;rpfisANk gytPdg;gLj;JtjhfNt mike;J tpLfpd;wJ.ey;Y}hpy; ehtyh; fyhr;rhu kz;lgj;jpy; kfsPh;;; jpdj;jpw;fhf Tfy;ypd; frpT' Mw;Wif nra;ag;l;lNghJk; mJ rhj;jpakhftpy;iy. fpuhkkl;lj;jpy; xd;W jpul;ba ngz;fs; kj;jpapy; (rurhiy - kl;Ltpy; tlf;F) Mw;Wif nra;ag; (11k; gf;fk; nry;Yq;fs;)
$j;juq;fk; 6
Page 7
mspf;if 02
neQ;RWj;Jk; fhdy;
-
\ehlfk;| vd;gJ vg;nghOJk; typ jhd ClfkhfNt ,Ue;JtUfpd; wJ. mjpYk; etPd ehlfq;fs; r%f ajhh;j;jq;fisf; fUg;nghU shf;fp ebfDf;Fk; ghh;itahs Df;Fk; ,ilapyhd ,ilntsp fisf; Fiwj;J ghh;itahsiuNa ebfdhf;fp jkJ Nehf;fj;jpy; ntw;wp ngWfpd;wd. jpU.Nj.Njthde;jpd; ehlfq;fSk; mt;thwhditNa.
jpU.Nj.Njthde;j; mth;fspd; neQ;RWj;Jk; fhdy;> Klf;fk; vDk; ,U ehlfq;fSk; ,ize;j njhFg; ghf TneQ;RWj;Jk; fhdy;' vDk; ,e; E}y; ntspte;Js;sJ. ,t;tpU ehlfq;fSk; Aj;j G+kpapy; Gijf;fg;gl;l kpjpntbfSk;; ,ju ntb (kh;k) nghUl;fSk;> nehe;J rPuope;J> kPsj;jk; kz;zpy; Fb NaWk; kf;fspd; tho;itr; rpijj;Jr; rpd;dh gpd;dkhf;Ftijg; gw;wp NgRfpd;wd. mj;NjhL mjidg; gad;gLj;jp Rayhgk; rk;ghjpf;fpd;w mjpfhu th;f;fj;ijAk;> mjd; kdr;rhl;rp ,y;yhj elj;ijfisAk; (Klf;fk;) Vo;ikahy;> Mirahy; nra;fpd;w fsTfs; kw;wth; tho;Tf;F \ciy| itg;gijAk;> (kpjpntb mghak; vd;w gyifiaAk; fk;gj;ijAk; fs thly;) Fs;sehp> rpq;fk;> xl;lfr; rptpq;fp> Fuq;F vd;Dk; tpyq;Ffspd; fijapid FwpaPlhfg; gad;gLj;jp kf;fis muR> mjpfhuth;f;fk; vt;thW Vkhw;WfpwJ vd;gijAk; (neQ;RWj;Jk; fhdy;) ,e; ehlfq;fs; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd. kdpjh;fspd; jPa elj;ijfshy;> myl;rpaj;jhy; kdpjh; kl;Lky;y fhy;eilfs;> kuq;fs; $l mope;Jk;> CdKw;Wk; Nght ijAk; ,it vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd. ,t;tplj;jpy; neQ;RWj;Jk; fhdypy; tUfpd;w ,.KUifadpd; \ehq;fs; kdpjh; ehq;fs; kdpjh;| vd;w thp vk;Kd;Nd vf;fhsk; ,l;Lj; jhz;ltkhb> ifnfhl;br; rphpf; fpwJ. ,e;ehlfq;fs; rpWth;fis Kd;dpWj;jpa muq;f nraw;gh lhfTk; jpwe;j ntsp muq;fpyhd rhjhuz kf;fspw;;F tpopg;Gzh;T Cl; Lk; muq;f nraw;ghlhfTk; mike; Js;sJ. me;j tifapy;> ,it fUj; Njw;wj;jpw;fhd my;yJ gpur;rhuj;jpw;
E}y; mwpKfk;
mwpKff; Fwpg;G - jp.nry;tkNd
fhd cUthf;fq;fNs MapD gpur;rhuneb %f;ifj;Jisj kdij neUltpy;iy. \gpur;rh gilg;Gfs;| fiyak;rk; Fiwe;jit vd;w fUj;J nghJthdJ. vdpD ,.KUifad; $WtJ Nghy T, ehlfk; rpWtUf;F vdTk; jpl kplg;gl;L gf;Ftkhf epiwNtw;w gl;L cs;sgbahy;> mjpy; cs gpur;rhug;gpbkhdk; fiyr;Ri Fd;whjtpjj;jpYk; ifahs gl;Ls;sJ.' vd;gJ ,e;ehlf fisg; ghh;j;jth;fs;> thrpj;jth;f Mfpa midtuhYk; Vw;W nfhs;sf;$ba fUj;jhFk;.,e;E ,uz;L ehlfq;fNshL ,d;Dk; r gjpTfisAk; jd;dfj;Nj
nfhz;Ls;sJ. Mf;ftpayhs ghlyhrphpad;> ebfh;fs;> ghh;j ,urpfh;fs; vd;Nghhpd; mDgtq;f ,q;Nf gjpTfshfg; gapug;gl;L d. mj;NjhL kpjpntb> mKf ntb> ,ju ntbnghUl;fshy; cl Cdk; cw;wth;fs; rpyh; gw;w jty;fSk;> mt;thW CdKw;wt fspdJk; mth;fspd; cwtpdh;fs Jk; mDgtq;fSk; ,jpy; gjpa gl;Ls;sik Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. m tifapy;> ehlf ,yf;fpa E}y Tk;> r%f tpopg;Gzh;itj; J}z fpd;w topfhl;b E}yhfTk; , Kf;fpakhdJ. ehlfk; vg;nghOJ $l;L Kaw;rpahfNt ,Ue te;Js;sJ. Fwpg;ghf et
Wj;Jk; fhdy;
-
,U ehlfq;fs
cUthf;fq;fNs MapDk;> r;rhuneb %f;ifj;Jisj;J ij neUltpy;iy. \gpur;rhug; lg;Gfs;| fiyak;rk; Fiwe;jit. ;w fUj;J nghJthdJ. vdpDk; Uifad; $WtJ Nghy T,e; fk; rpWtUf;F vdTk; jpl;l g;gl;L gf;Ftkhf epiwNtw;wg; ;L cs;sgbahy;> mjpy; cs;s r;rhug;gpbkhdk; fiyr;Rit ;whjtpjj;jpYk; ifahsg; ;Ls;sJ.' vd;gJ ,e;ehlfq; sg; ghh;j;jth;fs;> thrpj;jth;fs; fpa midtuhYk; Vw;Wf; s;sf;$ba fUj;jhFk;.,e;E}y; z;L ehlfq;fNshL ,d;Dk; rpy pTfisAk; jd;dfj;Nj
f; Fwpg;G - jp.nry;tkNdhfud;
hz;Ls;sJ. Mf;ftpayhsd;> yhrphpad;> ebfh;fs;> ghh;j;j rpfh;fs; vd;Nghhpd; mDgtq;fs; ;Nf gjpTfshfg; gapug;gl;Ls; mj;NjhL kpjpntb> mKf;f b> ,ju ntbnghUl;fshy; cly; dk; cw;wth;fs; rpyh; gw;wpa y;fSk;> mt;thW CdKw;wth; pdJk; mth;fspd; cwtpdh;fspd ; mDgtq;fSk; ,jpy; gjpag; ;Ls;sik Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. me;j fapy;> ehlf ,yf;fpa E}yhf ;> r%f tpopg;Gzh;itj; J}z;L ;w topfhl;b E}yhfTk; ,J ;fpakhdJ. ehlfk; vg;nghOJk; l;L Kaw;rpahfNt ,Ue;J ;Js;sJ. Fwpg;ghf etPd
E}y; mwpKfk;
ehlfq;fs; ,jw;F Kjd;ik nfhLf;fpd;wd. Njthde;jpd; ,e; ehlfq;fSk; ,f; fiyahf;f Kiw ikf;F cl;gl;Nl vOj;JU thf;fg;glg;Ls;sd. \neQ;RWj;J k; fhdy;| gy ep[r;rk;gtq;fs; gw;wpa jfty; Nrfhpg;ghYk; ebfh;fspdJk; gilg;ghspfspdJkhd mDgtq; fspd; ClhfTk; Njthde;jhy; vOj;JUthf;fg;gl;L 130 Nkil Naw;wq;fspd; gpd;Nd mt; ntOj;JU itg; G+uzkhf;fpajhf $wpapUg;gJ ,q;F Fwpg;gplj; jf;fjhFk;. ,e;j ehlfq;fs; ,uz;LNk Nkil Naw;wg;gl;l ,lq;fspy; vy;yhk; ntw;wpthif #bAs;sik ,t; muq;ftpayhsh;fs; mid thpdJk; ciog;ig vkf;F vLj; ;Jiuf;fpd;wd.
ehlfk; vd;gJ ghh;f;Fk; NghJ jUfpd;w mjph;Tfis> mUl;L zh;T fis thrpf;F k; NghJ KO tJkhf ngw;Wtpl KbahJ. MapDk;> ,e;E}y; Nkilaikg;G> fhl;rpfs;> ebfh; nraw;ghL Nghd;wd vt;th wikjy; Ntz;Lk; vd;gjid Fwpg; Gf;fshy; jUtjd; ClhfTk;> Gifg;glq;f@lhf fhl;LtjD}Lk; mjid XusNtDk; epiwT nra;a Kad;Ws;sJ.
,e;E}y; Mtzg;gLj;Jif vd;w tifapYk; mKf;fntb> ntbf;fhj (kh;kg;) nghUl;fs; Nghd;wtw;why; njhpe;Njh njhpahkNyh gLk; Jauq;fisAk;; ,g;gpur;rhuj;ij fiyak;rj;NjhL nra;a Kw;gl;l tifapYk; Kf; fpaj;Jtk; ngWfpd;wJ. ,e; ehlfq; fs; Nkilfspy; je;j mjph;T fs; mlq;f Kd;dNk E}YUg;ngWtJk; Fwp;g;gplj;jf;fJ. jpU.g.rptehjd; $WtJ Nghy \\Njthde;jpd; ehl fq;fs; ve;jf; fhyfl;lj;jpYk; vt;tpj mr;RWj;jy;fs; kj;jpapYk; tho;tpy; ek;gpf;ifAlDk; neQ;RW jpAlDk; jd;khdj;JlDk; nfsu tj;JlDk; xt;nthUtUk; tho Ntz;Lk; vd;gjid fUg;nghUsh ff; nfhz;Ls;sd|| vdyhk;. Njth de;j; ,d;Dk; gy ehlfq;fisAk; vOj;JUf;fisAk; juNtz;Lk;.
$j;juq;fk; 7
;
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fyhepjp ,.KUifad; mth;fNs ePz;l fhyj;jpw;F Kd;gpUe;Nj cq; fis tpLjpr; rhiy khzth; elj;jpa xU jtiz KbTf; fjk;gepfo;tpy; ebf;fg;gl; lJ. mJ vOj;jhsh; mfpyd; vOjp apUe;j fijnahd;iwj; jOtp vOjp aJ. mjpy; ehNd fjhehafpahf
Neh;fhzy;
ehlf vOj;JU gilg;ghsp. aho;g;ghzk;> rhtfr;Nrhpapy; gpwe;j ,th; jd Muk;gf; fy;tpia fy;tay; irtgpufhr tpj;jpahrhi rhtfr;Nrhp ,e;Jf; fy;Y}hpfspy; fw;whh;. ,uz;lhk; epiy fy;tpia aho;. ,e;Jf; fy;Y}hpapYk; nfhOk;G fk;g]py; (U versity of Ceylon) gl;lg;gbg;igAk; Nkw;nfhz;lth;. 1956k; Mz B.Sc gl;lj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhz;l ,th;> fle;j fhyq;fs Mrphpauhf> mur fUk nkhopj;jpizf;foj;jpy; nkhop nga ghsuhf> Mrphpah; fyhrhiy tphpTiuahsuhf> fy;tpj; jpiz fsj;jpd; fy;tpg;gzpg;ghsuhf> gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy; cjtpg;g thsuhf flikahw;wpAs;shh;. aho;g;ghzg;gy; fiyf;fof ,tUf;F fyhepjpg; gl;lk; toq;fp nfsutpj;Js;sJ. ehlf vOj;JUg; hpapy; gpwe;j ,th; jdJ tgpufhr tpj;jpahrhiy> fw;whh;. ,uz;lhk; epiyf; ; nfhOk;G fk;g]py; (Uni- w;nfhz;lth;. 1956k; Mz;L ,th;> fle;j fhyq;fspy; f;foj;jpy; nkhop ngah;g; uahsuhf> fy;tpj; jpizf; iyf;fofj;jpy; cjtpg;gjp ;g;ghzg;gy; fiyf;fofk; nfsutpj;Js;sJ. #oy;fSk;> tha;g;GfSk; fpl; bd. mJ NtW fij.
vOgJfSk; Kf;fpa khf Fwpg;gplg;gLfpwJ. ,f;fhyj;jpy; ePq;fSk; ehlfj;Jiwapy; fiy E}y;fspYk; Mh;tKk; mf;fiwAk; nfhz;l mwpQh;fs; gyh; gzpahw;wp dh;. mth;fSs; ehlfj;Jiwapy; Mh;tk; nfhz;lth;fs; gyUk; ,Ue; jdh;. ,th;fs; ,dk;rhh;e;j mwpQh; fspilNaAk; fiyQh;fs; ,ilNa Ak; ngUksT fye;Jwthly;fs; ,Ue;jd; nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;fs; ,Ude;jd; fUj;Jg; gfph;Tfs; ,Ue;jd. ntspAyfpy; ,dg; gifikAk; ntWg;Gk; ePW ”j;jneUg;Gg;Nghy ,Ue;jpUf;fyhk;. Mdhy; cah;fiyQh;fs; kj;jpapy; ey;YwTk; MNuhf;fpakhd- Mdhy; ,Nyrhd Nghl;b kdg;ghd;ikAk; epytpaJ vd;W nrhy;yyhk;.
ehd; gzpahw;wpa jpizf;fsj;jpy; kl;Lky;yhky; NtW tl;lq;fspYk; $l> ,e;j tpjkhd gz;ghl;Lj; NjlYk; nraY}f;fKk; ,Ue;jd.
,e;jf; fhyfl;lj;jpNy jhd; Njrpa ehlf cUthf;fKk; muq;fpay; Kd; ndLg;GfSk; njhlq;fyhapd. ehlf tpaiy xU fw;if newpahf tb tikf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w Mh;tKk; NjitAk; cj;NtfKk; cUthapd. nfhOk;G Nj];w;wd; Nwhl;by; mike;
$j;juq;fk; 8
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jpUe;j gy;fiyr; #oypy;> \ehlf Kk; muq;fpaYk;| gw;wpa MNyhr idfs; Kk;Kukhf ,lk; ngw;wd; ghlnewpfs; tiuag;gl;ld.
vd;idg; nghWj;jtiuapy;> ehd; ,tw;wpNy Neubahf m.jhrPrpa];> Nt. rq;furpfhkzp> ,.rpthde;jd; Kjypath;fSk;> rpd;idah rptNe rd;> Nrh.eluhrh Nghd;NwhUk; ehlf tpay; mf;fiwAk; tpopg;Gk; nfhz;l th;fshfj; jiy epkph;e;jdh;. ,e;j tl;lj;jpy; cs;sth;fspw; rpyh; f.ifyhrgjp mth;fspd; MNyh ridfis ehLNthuhfTk; mjdhy; fiyapay; ,yhgq;fisg; ngw;wth; fshAk; mike;jdh;. ,e;jf; fhyfl;lj;jpNy jhd; \ehlfKk; muq;fpaYk;| vd;Dk; ghlnewpf; fhd jpl;l Kd;tiuGk; cUth fpaJ.
,e;jg; ghlnewpia cUthf;fntd eilngw;w ghprPyidfSk; KidT fSk; rpq;fsf; fiy tl;lhuq;fsp Yk; jkpo;f; fiy tl;lhuq;fspYk; mghpkpjkhd Njly;fisAk; GJg; GidTfisAk; Njhw;Wtpj;jd. muq; fpay; vd;gJ vd;d? muq;fpaw; nraw; ghLfs; Vd;? vg;gb? vjw;fhf vd; gd Nghd;w Nfs;tpfSf;F tpil fisf; fz;lwpAk; ce;jiyAk; Cf; fj;ijAk; je;jd. jkpoh; jug;gpy; \$j;jhbfs;|> \muq;F|> \kd;whbfs;|> \vq;fs;FO| vd;wthW ehlf kd;wq;fs; Njhd;wp> ,aq;f Kd; te;jd. ,tw;wpd; Ngwhf ehlf vOj;JUf;fs; Njhd;wpd ebfh;fs; cUthapdh;> ehlfq;fs; NkilNa wpd - etPd ehlfq;fs; khj;jpu ky;yhky;> $j;jpay; jOtpa vOr;rp fSk; jiyJ}f;fpd. rp.nksdFU> R.tpj;jpahde;jd; KjypNahh; ehl; Lf;$j;Jf;F nkU$l;Lk; Kaw;rpf spy; $j;jpaw; $Wfis mstwpe;J fye;J gad;gLj;Jk; ghpNrhjidfs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;ld.
Mk;> ,e;j vOr;rpfs; gyTk; mW gJfspYk; vOgJfspYk; ,lk;ngw; wit vd;W nrhy;yyhk;.
ePq;fs; ,Jtiu vOjpa ehl fq;fs; vj;jid? mtw;wpd; ngah; fisj;
jhUq;fs;.
ehd; ,Jtiu vOjpa ehlfq;f ,Ugj;J ehY mtw;wpd; ngah;f gpd;tUkhW -
\epj;jpyf; NfhGuk;|> \me;jfNd Md Yk;|> \te;J Nrh;e;jd|> \jhprdk \NfhGuthry;|> \f^opak;|> \nrq;Nfhy \fiyf;fly;|> \nfhz;L th jPi nfhSj;J tpwif vy;yhk;|> \Rk R kfhNjth|> \mg;gUk; Rg;gUk;|> \fe;j %h;j;jpah;|> \toik|> \me;jfNd Md
Yk;|> \,ilj;jpiu|> \Fdpe;j jiy \ntwpahl;L|> \ngha;f;fhy;|> \Fw;w Fw;wNk|> \je;ijapd; $w;Wtd;|> \, Jauq;fs;|> \fypypNah|> \caph;j kdpjh; $j;J|> \vy;yhk; rhp tUk
cq;fs; ehlfq;fspd; ghL nghU gw;wp Fwpg;gpLq;fs;?
\ghLnghUs;| vd;W ePq;fs; Fwpg;g tJ me;j ehlfq;fspd; cs;sl fj;ij vd;W epidf;fpNwd;. eh fj;jpy; khj;jpuky;y> fij> ftpi Kjyhd ve;jf; fiyg;gilg;Gf;F cs;s lf;fkha; miktJ kd fspd; tho;f;if mDgtq;fs;jh me;j mDgtq;fs; rpw;rpy jUz fspNy jhd; ekf;Fj; jpUg;jpia jUfpd;wd. kw;w Ntisfspy; m gtq;fs; ek;ikf; Fog;Gfpd;wd Filfpd;wd> fyf;Ffpd;wd> fti jUfpd;wd. rydKk; rQ;ryKk;> r Ntisfspy; cw;rhfKk; cy;y Kk; jUk; tho;f;if mDgtq;fi khw;WUj; je;J GJf;fg; gilf;F Kaw;rpNa fiyahf;fk; vd;gJ. m thW GJf;fg; gilf;Fk;NghJ mj xU tpjkhd tpisahl;Lj;jdK
Neh;fhzy;
Uq;fs;.
; ,Jtiu vOjpa ehlfq;fs; gj;J ehY mtw;wpd; ngah;fs; ;tUkhW -
;jpyf; NfhGuk;|> \me;jfNd Mdh ;|> \te;J Nrh;e;jd|> \jhprdk;|> hGuthry;|> \f^opak;|> \nrq;Nfhy;|> yf;fly;|> \nfhz;L th jPia hSj;J tpwif vy;yhk;|> \Rk Rk hNjth|> \mg;gUk; Rg;gUk;|> \fe;jg;g ;j;jpah;|> \toik|> \me;jfNd Mdh
;|> \,ilj;jpiu|> \Fdpe;j jiy|> wpahl;L|> \ngha;f;fhy;|> \Fw;wk; ;wNk|> \je;ijapd; $w;Wtd;|> \,U uq;fs;|> \fypypNah|> \caph;j;j pjh; $j;J|> \vy;yhk; rhp tUk;|.
q;fs; ehlfq;fspd; ghL nghUs; ;wp Fwpg;gpLq;fs;?
LnghUs;| vd;W ePq;fs; Fwpg;gpL me;j ehlfq;fspd; cs;slf; ;ij vd;W epidf;fpNwd;. ehl ;jpy; khj;jpuky;y> fij> ftpij yhd ve;jf; fiyg;gilg;Gf;Fk; ;s lf;fkha; miktJ kdpjh; pd; tho;f;if mDgtq;fs;jhd;. ;j mDgtq;fs; rpw;rpy jUzq; pNy jhd; ekf;Fj; jpUg;jpiaj; fpd;wd. kw;w Ntisfspy; mD q;fs; ek;ikf; Fog;Gfpd;wd. lfpd;wd> fyf;Ffpd;wd> ftiy fpd;wd. rydKk; rQ;ryKk;> rpy isfspy; cw;rhfKk; cy;yhr ; jUk; tho;f;if mDgtq;fis w;WUj; je;J GJf;fg; gilf;Fk; w;rpNa fiyahf;fk; vd;gJ. mt; W GJf;fg; gilf;Fk;NghJ mjpy; tpjkhd tpisahl;Lj;jdKk;
Neh;fhzy;
GFe;J nfhs;sfpwJ. ,jdhNy jhd; ehlfq;fis \gpNsa;| vd;Wk; \Mly;| vd;Wk; ehk; nrhy;tJz;L.
NtnwhU tpjj;jpNy ghh;f;Fk; NghJ tho;f;ifapy; ehq;fs; gLk; \ghL fis| %yjdkhff; nfhz;Ljhd; ehlfk; cs;spl;l gy;NtW fiyfSk; Mf;fk; ngWfpd;wd.
Mdhy;> tho;f;ifia cs;sJ cs;s gbNa- ve;jpug; ghq;fpNy glk; gpbj; Jj; jUtJ caph;g;Gila ehlf kha; mikahJ. tho;f;ifapNy gy gpur;rpidfs; ,Uf;fpd;wd> gy tpag;Gfs; ,Uf;fpd;wd; gy Kuz;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd; Kuz; Nghypfs; ,Uf;fpd;wd; ,itfs; vy;yhk; jhd; vd; ehlfq;fspd; \ghL nghUs;fs;| Mfpd;wd.
,itfis mg;gbNa glk;gpbg;gJ kl;LNk fiyQh;fspd; gzp vd;W ehd; fUjtpy;iy. tho;f;ifapd; cs; Nshl;lq;fis Eioe;J ghh;j;J tpag;gJk;> rPWtJk; fz;ldk; nra; tJq; $l ehlff; fiyapd; gz; Gk; gzpAk; Mfyhk;. Mdhy; vdJ ehlfq;fspy; gpurhug; gz;G my;yJ gug;Giug; gz;G JUj;jpf; nfhz;L (Ke;jphpf; nfhl;il Nghy) jdpj;J ntspePl;b epy;yhky; mlf;fkhf cs;spirT ngw;W epw;fNtz;Lk; vd; gJ vd; tpUg;gkha; mike;Js;sJ.
,dp> ehlfg; ghLnghUs;fis cldbahd mz;ikr; #oy;fspYk;> ,lj;jhYk; fhyj;jhYk; J}u cs;s #oy;fspypUe;Jk; ehd; ngw;Wf; nfhs;fpNwd;. md;dpakhd #oy; fspypUe;J ngWk; nghUs;fis crpjk; Nghy cUkhw;wpAk; cU khw;whkYk; jOtyhf;fk; nra;Jk; mikj;Jf; nfhs;tJz;L.
vJ vt;thwpUe;jhYk; ekJ kf; fspd; cldbg; gpur;rpidfspypUe;J ntFJ}uk; tpyfpr; nry;tJ vd; tof;fNkh gof;fNkh my;y.
cq;fsJ ehlf vOj;JUg; gilg; ghf;fg; gbKiwfs; gw;wp tphpthff; Fwpg;gpLq;fs;?
ehd; rw;W Kd; $wpaJNghy vd; Muk;gfhyg; gilg;Gfs; thndhyp ehlfq;fshf ,Ue;jd. mit ngUk;ghYk; vd;Ds;spUe;J> vd; nrhe;j MSikapd; gilg;Gfsha;
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,Ue;jd. ,tw;iw vOJk; NghJ mit vd; gilg;ghf;fk; NtW ahUila MNyhridfisAk; Ntz;b epd;W ngwNtz;ba epiy ,Uf;ftpy;iy. mit vdJ nrhe; jf; fw;gidapypUe;Jjhd; ngUk; ghYk; Njhd;wpd vd;W nrhy;yptpl yhk;. mLj;J te;j fhyq;fspNy vOe;j Nkil ehlfq;fspd; Mf;f Kk; ngUk;ghYk; RNar;irg; Nghf; fpNy jhd; epfo;e;jd. Mdhy;> fhy fjpapy; Nkil ehlfq;fis vOj Kw;gl;lNghJ jahhpg;ghsh; my;yJ newpahshpd; MNyhridfSf;Fr; nrtpkLf;Fk; NjitAk; gof;fKk; Vw;glyhapd.
Fwpg;ghf eh. Re;juypq;fk; vd; ehl fq;fs; rpytw;iwg; nghWg;Ngw;W newpahs;if nra;j NghJ vOj;jhf; fj;Jf;F Kd;Ng> rpy Ntisfspy;> fye;Jiuahly;fspy; mit kpf tphp thd fye;J iuahly;fshf ,Ue; jJ FiwT. ,J njhlf;f fhyj;J epiyik.
Mdhy;> ekJ muq;fpaw; nraw; ghLfs; tphpe;J tpUj;jpahfpr; nry; yr; nry;y Kd;ig tpl> fye;Jiu ahlhy;fspd; Njit mjpfkjpfkhf mtrpakhfpd vd;gij czuf; $bajha; ,Ue;jJ. ,e;jf; fye; Jiuahly;fs;> ehlf vOj;jhsuh fpa vdf;Fk; newpahsh;fSf;Fkp ilNa jhd; ngUk;ghYk; ,lk;
ngw;wd. fhyk; nry;yr; nry;y> e fh;fisAk; newpahsiuAk; xUqN re;jpj;Jj; jpl;lkpLk; Kiwik Ki nfhz;L jiy J}f;fpaJ vd nrhy;yNtz;Lk;.
Fwpg;ghf> aho;g;ghzg; gy;fiy fofr; #oypNy> vz;gJfspy; Nk gb eilKiw mjpfkjpfk; tpUj mile;jJ vd;W $WNtd;. \caphj kdpjh; $j;J| vd;Dk; ehlfk; c thfpa rkaj;jpy;> jpl;lkplypw; ngU gFjp mwpQh; gyhpd; $l;L Ka rpahfNt ,Ue;jJ. VyNt tF fg;gl;l jpl;lj;Jf;F mika> ci ahly;fisAk; ftpijfisAk; ghl fisAk; vOJk; gzp khj;jpuN vd; trk; ,Ue;jJ. mg;nghO vd;dplk; mike;jpUe;j fUj;jpir fhuzkhfTk; czh;nthUi fhuzkhfTk; me;j ehlfk; vdf kl;Lkd;wp> kw;Wk; gyUf;Fk; k epiwT jUk; xU gilg;ghfT mikayhapw;W.
,jw;Fg; gpwFk;$l> rpjk;guehjd Njthde;j; KjypNahUlDk; r Nahfd;> Foe;ij KjyhNdhU Dk; xj;jpire;J epiwNtw;w muq;fpaw; gq;fspg;Gfs; kdepiw jUtdtha; mikayhapd.
mz;ikf; fhykhf ePq;fs ehlfq;fis vOJfpd;w NghJ ne ahsUld; fsj;jpy; epd;W mtu vz;zq;fis fhl;rpfshff; fz gpd; vOJfpwPh;fs;? ,e;j tif gilg;ghf;f mDgtk; gw;wpj; nj tpAq;fs;?
nka;jhd;. ,e;j tpjkhf> fsj;j epd;W newpahshpd; fw;gidfi Ak; fhl;rpfshff; fz;L vOj;JU fisg; gilf;Fk; Kiwapy; rhj khd mk;rq;fs; gy cz;L;> ghjfkh mk;rq;fs; rpyTk; ,Uf;fpd;wd
,jpYs;s rhjfkhd mk;rq;fS gpujhdkhdJ vOj;jhsUf;Fk; ne ahsUf;FkpilNa epfOk; fye;JwT ,e;j tpjkhd fye;JwTg; g rPyidapy; ehd; ,wq;fpaJ f.rpj guehjd; newpahs;if nra \caph;j;j kdpjh; $j;J| vd;gj NghJ jhd;. ,e;j ehlfk; xU ngh $l;L Kaw;rp. ehlfj;jpd; fUj UTk; mjd; cl;gphpTfSk; fw;w thsh; gyh; nfhz;l xU ngU
Neh;fhzy;
w;wd. fhyk; nry;yr; nry;y> eb isAk; newpahsiuAk; xUq;Nf pj;Jj; jpl;lkpLk; Kiwik Kis hz;L jiy J}f;fpaJ vd;W hy;yNtz;Lk;.
pg;ghf> aho;g;ghzg; gy;fiyf; fr; #oypNy> vz;gJfspy; Nkw; eilKiw mjpfkjpfk; tpUj;jp le;jJ vd;W $WNtd;. \caph;j;j pjh; $j;J| vd;Dk; ehlfk; cU fpa rkaj;jpy;> jpl;lkplypw; ngUk; jp mwpQh; gyhpd; $l;L Kaw; hfNt ,Ue;jJ. VyNt tFf; ;gl;l jpl;lj;Jf;F mika> ciu y;fisAk; ftpijfisAk; ghly; sAk; vOJk; gzp khj;jpuNk ; trk; ,Ue;jJ. mg;nghOJ ;dplk; mike;jpUe;j fUj;jpirT uzkhfTk; czh;nthUik zkhfTk; me;j ehlfk; vdf;F ;Lkd;wp> kw;Wk; gyUf;Fk; kd wT jUk; xU gilg;ghfTk;
kayhapw;W.
w;Fg; gpwFk;$l> rpjk;guehjd;> thde;j; KjypNahUlDk; rpt hfd;> Foe;ij KjyhNdhUl ; xj;jpire;J epiwNtw;wpa q;fpaw; gq;fspg;Gfs; kdepiwT tdtha; mikayhapd.
z;ikf; fhykhf ePq;fs; lfq;fis vOJfpd;w NghJ newp sUld; fsj;jpy; epd;W mtuJ ;zq;fis fhl;rpfshff; fz;L ; vOJfpwPh;fs;? ,e;j tifg; lg;ghf;f mDgtk; gw;wpj; njhp
q;fs;?
a;jhd;. ,e;j tpjkhf> fsj;jpy; ;W newpahshpd; fw;gidfis ; fhl;rpfshff; fz;L vOj;JUf; sg; gilf;Fk; Kiwapy; rhjf mk;rq;fs; gy cz;L;> ghjfkhd ;rq;fs; rpyTk; ,Uf;fpd;wd.
pYs;s rhjfkhd mk;rq;fSs; hdkhdJ vOj;jhsUf;Fk; newp sUf;FkpilNa epfOk; fye;JwT. ;j tpjkhd fye;JwTg; ghp idapy; ehd; ,wq;fpaJ f.rpjk; ehjd; newpahs;if nra;j aph;j;j kdpjh; $j;J| vd;gjd; J jhd;. ,e;j ehlfk; xU nghpa l;L Kaw;rp. ehlfj;jpd; fUj;J k; mjd; cl;gphpTfSk; fw;wwp sh; gyh; nfhz;l xU ngUq;
Neh;fhzy;
FOkj;jpdhNy kpfTk; rhtjhdkh fj; jpl;lkplg;gl;lJ. me;jj; jpl; lj;Jf;fika ehlfj;jpd; $Wfs; fw;gid nra;ag;gl;ld. ,irAk; $j;Jk; rkhdpakhd tho;f;iff; $WfSk; Nrh;e;j xU rq;fkkhfj; jhd; \caph;j;j kdpjh; $j;J| cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. ,e;j ehlfj;Jf; Fhpa ghly;fis ehNd ,aw;w Ntz;Lk; vd;W Kbthapw;W.
,irr;rhh;Gila nra;As;fshfNt ,e;j ehlfg; ghly;fs; mika Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ nghJf; fUj;jha; ,Ue;jJ. ghly;fs; my;yJ ciu ahly;fs; tuNtz;ba re;jh;g;gq; fisr; Rl;Lk; Fwpg;Gfis xt;nthU ehSk; rpjk;guehjd; nfhz;Lte;J je;J tpsq;fg;gLj;Jthh;. ehd; ,u Nthbuthf tPl;by; ,Ue;J (kz; nzz;nza; tpsf;F ntspr;rj; jpNy) vOj;JUit mikj;J Kbg; Ngd;. kWehs; ,J rptj;jk;gp mth; fspd; ghh;itf;Fg; NghFk;. mth; mijg;gbj;J urpj;J ,iraikg;gh shpd; gq;fspg;Gf;fhf mDg;gp itg; ghh;. ,iraikf;fg;gl;l gFjpfis itj;Jf;nfhz;L jhd; ehlf xj;jpif fs; fl;lk; fl;lkhf eilngWk;. ,Jjhd; \caph;j;j kdpjh; $j;jpd;| cw;gj;jp tuyhW -
,jd; gpd;dUk; NtW #o;epiy fspy; \ngha;f;fhy;|> \ehk; ,Uf;Fk; ehL| vd;gd Nghd;w ehlfq;fSk; newpahsh; - vOj;jhsh; \fye;JwT| KiwapNy jahhpf;fg;gl;ld. ,e;j KiwapNy cs;s ed;ik vd;d ntd;why; fiyahf;fj;jpd;NghJ xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l %isfSk; fw;gdh rf;fjpfSk; njhopw;gLfpd; wd. xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l fiyNehf;F fs; xd;iwnahd;W re;jpj;Jf; if Nfhj;Jr; rq;fk; Mfpd;wd. $l;Lg; nghWg;Gk; nfhLf;fy;> thq;fy; fSk;> ,d;wpaikahj mk;rq;fs; MfptpLfpd;wd.
Xh; vOj;jhsd; \jdpj;jpUe;J thOk; jtkzp| Mfp> jd; kdk;Nghd Nghf; fpNy vijahtJ gilj;J tpl;L > gpd;dh; jahhpg;ghsh;fisj; Njb Xbf; fhzhJ fisj;J tpOtij tpl> Nkw;nrhd;d tpjkhd $l; Lg;gilg;ghf;fk; NkyhdJ my; yth?$l;Lg; gilg;ghf;fj;jpNy TNjthde;j;' Mfpa ePq;fSk;
$j;juq;fk; 10
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fzprkhf fye;JwTg; gilg;ghf;f Kiw apy; cs;s ghjfkhd mk;rq;fSs; xd;iwg;gw;wpr; nrhy;yyhk; vd epidf;fpNwd;. ehd; vOjp ntspapl;l ehlfq;fSs; \mg;gUk; Rg;gUk;| vd;gJ xU rpwe;j vOj;JU vd;W ehd; epidf;fpNwd;. Gj;jf tbtpy; te;j vOj;JUit thrpj;j tpkhprfh;fs; rpy Uk; mij nkr;rpapUf;fp whh;fs;. Mdhy;> jahhpg; ghsh; my;yJ newpahsh; vtuhapDk; mij muq; Nfw;w Kaytpy;iy. Kd; tu tpy;iy. cz;ikapy; mJ ghuhSkd;wj; Njh; jy; Kiwapy; epfOk; murpay; gw;wpa fpz;lYk; NfypAk; epuk;gpa ey;ynjhU ehlfk; vd;gJ vd; fzpg;G. Mdhy;> muq;fr; nraw; ghl;by; jf;f newp ahsh; xUtUk; fpilf;ftpy;iyNa vd;w kdf;Fiw vdf;F cz;L.
fye;JwTg; Nghf;fpyhd nraY}f;f muq;fpaw; fiyQh;fsplk; mJ nry;ytpy;iyNa> ,J Vd; vd;W ehDk; vd; ez;gh;fs; rpyUk; mt; tt;NghJ epidj;Jg;ghh;g;gJz;L.
ePq;fs; xU ehlf Mrphpah; vd;w tifapy; gy;fiyf;fof kl;l jpNy \ehlfKk; muq;fpaYk;| x fw;ifnewpaha; ,Uf;fpwJ. Mz NjhWk; ekJ gy;fiyf;fofj ypUe;J> ,g;ghlj;jpNy Njh;r;rp ng wth;fs; ntspNaWfpwhh;fs;. ,t spy; vj;jid Ngh; jhk; fw;wtw;i Nghw;wpg; Ngzp tUq;fhyj; ji Kiwapdhplk; ifaspf;Fk; Mh;tK
Ntl;ifAk; ngw;wth;fsha; mika Nghfpwhh;fs;?
ehq;fs; mt;tg;NghJ nrd;wil A rhjidfspd; cr;rq;fs;> njhlh;e Ngzpg; ghJfhj;jplf; $b rhj;jpag;ghLfs; vg;gb cs;sd
,e;jg; Nghf;fpNy rpe;jpj;Jg; ghh;f;F NghJ vq;fs; Kd; cs;s tU fhyk; mt;tsT xspkakhdjh ,y;iy vd;W jhd; vz;zj; Njh WfpwJ.
mt;tg;NghJ kNfhd;djkhd r fhhpaq;fis ehk; nra;J tpLfp Nw mJ nka;jhd;. Mdhy; me;j mG+h rhjidfis kPz;Lk; kPz; L nra;J Md;k epiwT nfh tjw;Fg; Nghjpa ijhpaKk; JzpT %ytsq;fSk; ek;kpilNa , iyNah vd;W jhd; Nahrpf Ntz;b ,Uf;fpwJ.
fiyfs; vd;gij ntw;WntspapN Njhd;wp> me;juj;jpy; epd;W epiy git my;y. XusTf;fhapDk; c jpAk; rkepiyAk; nfhz;l #oypN jhd; fiyfs; nropj;Njhq;fp tsh;e epiyf;f KbAk;. mt;thwhd # epiyfs; vg;NghJjhd; tUNkh?
js uhj ed;dk;gpf;ifNahL ,il whJ Kay;t Jjhd; xNu xU to
Neh;fhzy;
Neh;fhzy; ;tpAyfpy;> gy;fiyf;fof kl;lj;
rpWth; muq;fpw;fhd y \ehlfKk; muq;fpaYk;| xU
ehlfg;ghly; ;ifnewpaha; ,Uf;fpwJ. Mz;L hWk; ekJ gy;fiyf;fofj;jp e;J> ,g;ghlj;jpNy Njh;r;rp ngw; h;fs; ntspNaWfpwhh;fs;. ,th;f ; vj;jid Ngh; jhk; fw;wtw;iwg; w;wpg; Ngzp tUq;fhyj; jiy wapdhplk; ifaspf;Fk; Mh;tKk;
- - - - - eh.rptrpjk;guk eh.rptrpjk;guk eh.rptrpjk;guk eh.rptrpjk;guk; eh.rptrpjk;guk (6k; gf;fj;njhlh;r;rp)
gl;l NghJk; mJ rhj;jpakhf tpy;iy. ,jw;fhf> ve;jj; jug;Gg; ngz;fSk; jkJ jisfis tpL tpj;J muq;f Mlypy; njhlh;e;J zpg; ghJfhj;jplf; $ba ;jpag;ghLfs; vg;gb cs;sd?
;jg; Nghf;fpNy rpe;jpj;Jg; ghh;f;Fk; J vq;fs; Kd; cs;s tUq; k; mt;tsT xspkakhdjha; ;iy vd;W jhd; vz;zj; Njhd; pwJ.
KbahJ. ,q;Nf mjw;fhd #o; epiyia> mjw;fhd czh;ntOr; rpia r%fg; ghpkhzq;fspd; ngW ;tg;NghJ kNfhd;djkhd rpy
kjpia czh;e;J cUthf;Fk; paq;fis ehk; nra;J tpLfp Nwhk;.
gl;rj;jpy; mJ if$Lk;. ,t; nka;jhd;. Mdhy; me;j mG+h;t
tplak; gw;wp ehlfj;jpd; ,iz idfis kPz;Lk; kPz; Lk;
newpahsh;fshfg; gzpahw;Wk; a;J Md;k epiwT nfhs;
Jiwrhh; gl;ljhhpfshd ngz;fs; w;Fg; Nghjpa ijhpaKk; JzpTk;
mDgtj;jpd; Clhff; fw;Wf; tsq;fSk; ek;kpilNa ,y;
nfhs;s Ntz;baJ vd vz;zj; Nah vd;W jhd; Nahrpf;f
Njhd;Wfpd;wJ. z;b ,Uf;fpwJ.
Tr%fk;' epjhdkhdJ. mJ vij yfs; vd;gij ntw;WntspapNy
Ak; Vw;Fk;> vijAk; epuhfhpf;Fk;- d;wp> me;juj;jpy; epd;W epiyg;
mJ r%fj;jpd; tpUg;G ntWg;G t my;y. XusTf;fhapDk; cW
f;fisAk; NjitfisAk; nghW k; rkepiyAk; nfhz;l #oypNy
j;Nj jPh;khzpf;fg;gLk;.vdNt> ; fiyfs; nropj;Njhq;fp tsh;e;J
Tfy;ypd; frpT' ngz;zpaf; Nfhl; yf;f KbAk;. mt;thwhd #o;
ghLfspd; TngUk;rkhf;fSf;F' kj;jp yfs; vg;NghJjhd; tUNkh?
apy; jd;id epiy epWj;jp epjhdkhf
uhj ed;dk;gpf;ifNahL ,ila Kay;tJjhd; xNu xU top.
ntapy; glhkNy nts;isj;njhg;gp NtW NtW epwkhd njhg;gp ey;y ey;y tbthd njhg;gp ehDk; kypthfj; jhNwd; njhg;gp jk;gp jq;fr;rp thUq;Nfh jiyiaf; nfhQ;rk; fhl;Lq;Nfh vq;f vq;f vq;f ghh;g;gNk mlllh Nrhf;fhg; Nghr;RNj
mbnaLj;J itj;J efu Ntz;Lk;. mJNt MNuhf;fpakhd ngz;fs; Ntiyj;jpl;lkhfTk; mike;J nfhs;Sk;.
$j;juq;fk; 11
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muq;f cwTfspd; gyj;jpy; rhjpg;Nghk; $j;juq;fk; KjyhtJ gpujpAld; ehk; gy muq;ftpayhsh;fis> muq;f Mh;tyh;fis> muq;f khzth;fis mZfpNdhk;. $j;j uq;F fz;L kfpo;e;jhh;fs;. njhlh;e;J ntsp tu Ntz;Lk; vd;W Cf;fg;gLj;jpdhh;fs;> ghuhl;bdhh;fs; Mapuk; gpujpfSk; tpj;Jj; jPh;e;JNghapd. ehk; gyiu re;jpj;jNghJ gyh; ek; epidtiyfs; Clhfg; gy Mz;Lfs; gpd;Ndhf;fp efh;e;J nrd;whh;fs;. rhjpj;jit fisAk;> ele;jitfisAk; kPl;fpd;wNghJ mth;fspd; Kfj;jpy; Nguhde;jk; njhpe;jJ. gioa ehlfk; rhh; Mtzq;fis vkf;Ff; fhl;b kfpo;e;jhh;fs;. ,t;thwhd mhpa Mtzq;fis vt;thW ehk; Ngzg;Ngh fpNwhk;. jdpnahUtNdhL fple;J mope;J tplg;NghfpwNj vd;w Ntjid gyhplKk; ,Uf;fpwJ. vk;kplk; vQ;rpAs;s Njl;lq; fis $j;juq;fpy; gjpT nra;Jnfhs;s tpUk;gp ,dptUk; ,jopy; ,Ue;J \gjpTfs;| gFjpia Muk;gpf;fTs;Nshk;;.
vkJ Njlypy; ,d;ndhU tplaj;ijAk; Ghpa Kbe;jJ. ehlfKk; muq;fpaYk; Jiwf;Fs; fhzg;gLk; gy $WfSf;Fs; Ntiy nra;a epiwaNt fplf;fpd;wd. gy Ma;Tfs; Nkw; nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;bAs;sd. mope;J Nghdit> mope;J nfhz;bUg;git> tho;git vd;W Ma;Tg;;;gug;G ePz;L nry;fpwJ. Ma;Tfs; rhpahd Kiwapy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;glhik apdhy; Tgy mhpaitfs;' gw;;wpg; Ngrg;glhj> vOjg;glhj epiyikfs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. $j;juq;fk; jd;dhyhdtiu jpwe;j kd Jld; ,g;gzpia muq;fj;Jiw Mh;tyh;fspd; JizAld; Nkw;n fhs;S k;.
xt;nthU gpuNjrq;fspYk; cs;sth;fSld; njhlh;G nfhs;s tpUk;GfpNwhk;. \Njl;lk;| vd;w gFjp!lhf gy;NtW ghuk;ghpaq;fspYk; fhzg;gLk; muq;f tbtq;fis ntspf; nfhz;Ltu Kay;fpNwhk;.
vjph;tUk; fhyq;fspy; xU tplaj;ij/fUit #oikj;J $j;juq;fk; ntsptu Kaw;rpf; Fk;. ehk; rhjpf;f Ntz;baitfs; gw;wpa fw;gid tphpe;J nfhz;Nl nry;fpwJ. muq;f ntspf;Fs; gpize;j mw;Gj cwTfspd; gyj;jpy; ehk; NkYk; NkYk; rhjpg;Nghkhf.
- Mrphpah;FO
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msntl;bia gpwg;g mUNdhjahf; fy;Y}ha tpl vdf;F tpisahl ,j;jif #oypy; 1987 ,oe;Njd;. ,f;fhyf nfhz;Lte;jJ. ,d Nfs;tpAld; ,Ue;j v cjtpapdhy; fy;tpia ,d;ndhUtiu ek;g ftiy Mo;kdjpy; cah;juk; tiu gbj;J nfhz;L ,Ue;Njd;. Gdh;tho;T epWtdj;j Kfg;gLj;jp epWtdj;jpd $wp jq;fSld; vd lhh;fs;. vdf;F vd;i fj;ijg; ghJfhf;f Ntz mth;fs; Nfl;lTld
,e;j nraw;ghl;by; r%f kf;fspd tha;g;G vd;gtw;iwg
ehd; fhy; ,of;f Kd nfhz;Ltpl;Nld; vd sJ. Muk;gj;jpy; v nraw;ghLfis (Ml(Ml(Ml(Ml(Ml vd;w JzpTld; nra
fiyfspy;Mh;t k; , Kd;G ,Uf;ftpy;iy Mw;Wifapy; vd;dhy; ,Ue;jJ. Mdhy; m jhYk;> njhlh;r;rpahf nraw;glf; $bajhf khd \,lh;fs; nfLf jlitfs; NkilNaw
Kjy; NkilNaw;wj;jpd czh;e;J mOJtpl;Nl ahy; jd;d k;gpf;i f V $bajhf ,Ue;jJ.
,r; nraw;ghl;by; ghjpf tij mwpe;J j;j sp s;> j; yh; s; t hJ J. ;Ff; hpa gh e;J k; q; ;s s;|
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msntl;bia gpwg;gplkhff; nfhz;l ehd; vdJ fy;tpia mUNdhjahf; fy;Y}hapy; fw;Nwd;. fy;tpapy; cs;s mf;fiwia tpl vdf;F tpisahl;Lf;fspNyNa mjpf mf;fiw ,Ue;jJ. ,j;jif #oypy; 1987k; Mz;L ntbFz;bdhy; vdJ fhiy ,oe;Njd;. ,f;fhyfl;lk; vd; tho;f;ifapy; jpUg;gj;ij nfhz;Lte;jJ. ,dp vd;dhy; vd;d nra;aKbAk; vd;w Nfs;tpAld; ,Ue;j vdf;F ngw;Nwhh;> ez;gh;fs;> mayth;fs; cjtpapdhy; fy;tpia njhluf;$bajhf ,Ue;jJ. VdpDk; ,d;ndhUtiu ek;gp ehd; thoNtz;b ,Uf;fpwNj vd;w ftiy Mo;kdjpy; ,Ue;jJ. MdhYk; kdk; jsuhky; cah;juk; tiu gbj;Jtpl;L Ranjhopy;fs; rpytw;iwAk; fw;Wf; nfhz;L ,Ue;Njd;. ,j;jifa epiyapy;jhd; mfjpfs; Gdh;tho;T epWtdj;jpy; ,Ue;J ,Uth; te;J jq;fis mwp Kfg;gLj;jp epWtdj;jpd; kpjpntb tpopg;Gzh;Tr; nraw;ghl;ilf; $wp jq;fSld; vd;idAk; ,ize;J nraw;gLkhW Nfl; lhh;fs;. vdf;F vd;idg;Nghd;w epiyapy; ,Ue;j vd; r% fj;ijg; ghJfhf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w tpUg;gk; kdjpy; ,Ue;jjdhy; mth;fs; Nfl;lTld; ,ize;J nfhz;Nld;.
,e;j nraw;ghl;by; gy;NtW muq;fpay; rhh;e;j gapw;rpfisg; ngwNtz;b ,Ue;jJ. XU fhiy ,oe;J ngha;fhYld; cs;s vd;dhy; ,g;gapw;rpfis vt;thW nra; tJ vd;w kdg;gak; Vw;gl;lJ. Mdhy; ehlf Mrphpahpd; topelj;jypdhYk; vd;Dld; gapw;rpngw;wth;fspd; ce;Jjy;fspdhYk; vd;dhy; JzpTld; gapw;rpfisg; ngw Kbe;jJ. muq;fpay; gapw;rpfNshL kpjpntbfs; njhlh;ghd mwpT> r%f kf;fspd; czh;Tepiyfisg; Ghpe;J nfhs;Sk; tha;g;G vd;gtw;iwg; ngw;Wf;nfhz;Nld;.
ehd; fhy; ,of;f Kd;dh; ,Ue;j kdepiyia kPsTk; ngw;Wf; nfhz;Ltpl;Nld; vd;w czh;T jw;NghJ vd;Ds; Vw;gl;Ls; sJ. Muk;gj;jpy; vd;dhy; KbahJ vd;W xJf;fg;gl;l nraw;ghLfis (Mly;> ghly;> tpisahl;L) (Mly;> ghly;> tpisahl;L) (Mly;> ghly;> tpisahl;L) (Mly;> ghly;> tpisahl;L) (Mly;> ghly;> tpisahl;L) ,d;W KbAk; vd;w JzpTld; nraw;gLfpNwd;.
fiyfspy; Mh;t k; ,Ue;j vdf;F ehlfk; gw;wpa mDgtk; Kd;G ,Uf;ftpy;iy. ,e;epiyapy; kpjpntb tpopg;Gzh;T Mw;Wifapy; vd;dhy; jpwikahf njhlh;r;rpahf Mw;Wifapy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l ehd; ,r; nraw;ghl;by; >h`pdp njhiyf;fhl;rpj; njhlUk; vd;id Neh;fhzy; nra;jd. ,e;jr; nraw;ghl;bd; tpisthf vd; r%fj;jpw;F vd;dhy; ,ad;w cjtpia nra; Js;Nsd; vd;w kdj;jpUg;jpiag; ngw;wf;nfhz;Nld;.
$j;juq;fk; 12