Page 1
A CEYLON JOURNA
o,
| October and Nove
 
 

L IN ENGLISH
Nos. 10 and 11
mber, 1955
One Rupee

Page 2
Here is a car of unmistakab hearted performance. The fo , , 4 cylinder engine and a w ratio give good performance both driver and passengers. unusually attractive car.
,Buy ηνί ޗ
( UOL
ROUR m FC
ܝ݇ ̄-> BRITISH CAR
to OXFORD ALSTON PLACE-.
 
 
 
 
 

le distinction capable of lionfrward positioning of its lively ell-balanced power-to-weight
and the utmost comfort for You must let us show you this
OUS COLOMBO 2

Page 3
CATERINGAny Тіте—Anywhere
Entrust it to us
for Ali ROUND EXC
ELEPHANT HOUSE CEYLON COLD STORES L.
 

-For Any Occasion
ELLENCE
7822
8 LINEs. T D o

Page 4
for Walue Un
for Service U
and Quality
CARGILLS (C
Colombo

questioned 'nequalled
Unsurpassed.
EYLON) LTD., & Branches.

Page 5
ESTABLIS
NISSEI TRA
LIMI ́
Paper M
Box Makers
REPUTED
FC
OUALITY
REASONA. B.
Prompt and C
Phone :
2324 & 23 25

HED 1916
ADING CO., TED.
lerchants
Ilmu Stationers
) HOUSE
DR
GOODS
LB) RATES
ourteous Service
92-Ioo, First Cross Street,
PETTAH.

Page 6
0.
.
12.
3.
14.
5.
SEQUEN
Christ the Reconciler .
The Sinhalese, and the Buddh
Mary of Nazareth
Who Were the Indo-Aryans?
Mr. S. J. V. Chelvanayagam
The Constitutions of India,
a Comparison
Reverence
. Viswanathapillai of Jafna
Autobiography of a Poet and
Word Pictures by Bernard Sh
A Page of Science
The Birthday of the Prophet
Tamil in Thailand
Pages for the Young
Book Review. .

NCE
Page
ist Way of Life ... 2
14
20
America, Ceylon:
Saint a ... 3l
ãዃW a 8 ... 38
Mohammed . . 48

Page 7


Page 8
CHRIST THE
O Captain of the
Whence von In what fight did
And what ma
Was it om a day o
Thee about,
O'r gat Ye these c When Ye wrou
2 “ ”Tuvas om a day
They girded M They wounded all
And they smote My hand held no
When I met
And the conqueror
Conquered
Bruised his pr
The Tamil greets its Re all good wishes for Happy Christmastide.

RECONCILER
4UdS, Ye so great scars
Ye smite, mmer uvas the foe ?
f rout they compassed
adornings ght their overthrow
fo
of rout
fe about,
My brow, Me through the side : suvord their armed horde,
fell down, and the
ide. ”
Francis Thompson.
ders and Well-wishers with a glad New Year and a

Page 9
THE SINHALE BUDDHIST W
By Dr. A. S. R.
IT is perhaps appropriate to together since the recor is closely linked with Bud can be no doubt, as claimed E that the Sinhalese existed in times. The Reverend Saran twelve thousand years of Sin in which case they must have was known by that name all from the mainland of India India would show that the continuous with the South W the Jaffna Peninsula with th Coramandel Coast. Between of Ceylon would have been District. Geologists lend su recognise an identity of soil Malabar and Ceylon. As reg conclusion must be that the were the same as those in territories of Southern India, by the Dravidian race. It W of an Aryan population here of a tea estate in Jaffna. examine further whether or in support of this inferenc physique and facial feature food preparation, dress, lang etc., between the Malayales one hand and the Sinhalese Aryans of North India and we know are tall, stately all complexion. Mudaliya. Gur read in 1921 that "the Sinha and stature, features and con A journey through Malabary of this identity. Nowhere els

SE, AND THE AY OF LIFE
AJASLINGHAM
consider these two subjects led history of the Sinhalese thism in this country. There by many Sinhalese nowaclays, this Island from pre-Vijayan ankara. Thero has reckoned thalese occupation of Ceylon, been here long before Lanka ld long before it was cut of Reference to the map of Malabar coast line is directly restern border of Ceylon, and e district of Madura and the these limits the central parts continuous with the Tanjore port to this view since they , rocks and climate between gards population, the rational people who lived in Ceylon he adjoining and contiguous which was densely populated ould be as difficult to conceive as to believe in the existence It is, however, necessary to not there is other evidence e. Are there similarities ill s, in social customs, festivals, guage, script, artis and crafts, :, Telugus and Tamils on the on the other, or between the the Sinhalese ? The Aryans ld sharp featured and fair in he wardene observes in a paper lese exhibit the same diversity iplexion as do the Dravidians. will convince the most sceptical e but in Malabar will you see

Page 10
TH E S IN HAL ES E, 4N JIWA, Y () IK
the cloth and jacket worl by Sinhala costume worn by Sir in jewellery are the same. F include hoppers, string hop Sambol, coconut milik in cui Tı Sinhalese. The Kathikali dan dancing have a close family resi among these two communit alike. The family wealth i daughters and not by the som North India, where the sons Among social customs one social evils like the practice o lese are said to indulge in this of the South. The caste sy, the same as that of the Draw of the Aryans. The Nation importance, falls on April 13t by the people of Southern. In That day is of no significan Aryans. The Sinhalese script and Malayalese scripts, and scripts of North Indian langu language itself, according to Dravidian language. The R more deeply they (the Drav. the more closely will their affir and the more evident Will it primitive and very near rela, the Indo-European group. T traces of a close connection and the Persian and other la | in points even where Sans Mudaliyar Gune Wardane ref Sinhalese states : " in respect are a Dravidian race slightl strain and an Aryan Wash. W. Section of the great Dravi claimed that Wijaya came fı were Dravidians with a slig and Aryan elements. Sir P.

VID THE BUDDHIST 3 f' LIFE
Sinhalese women or the Aryahalese men. Their patterns 'ood preparations in Malabar pers, egg hoppers, coconut lies as in Ceylon among the ces of Malabar and Kandyan emblance. Marriage customs ties are again very much s largely inherited by the Ls. It is quite the reverse in i inherit almost everything. must also consider certain, f black magic. The Malayaevil as much as the Sinhalese stem of Sinhalese society is idians, and quite unlike that al Day, a festival of great h, which is a day celebrated dia as well as the Sinhalese. *e in Northern India among is like the Kanarese, Telugu quite unlike the Devanagiri ages. Finally, the Sinhalese many great authorities, is a ev. C. U. Pope says '' the idian languages) are studied tity to Sanskrit be seen to be appear that they possess a tionship to the languages of They certainly contain many With the Greek, the Gothic, nguages of the same family, krit presents no parallel.” Tring to the origin of the of their blood the Sinhalese y modified by a Mongoloid jaya, came from the Kolanian dian family of . . . It is om Bengal. The Bengalese ht admixture of Mongoloid C. Ray, the great Scientist

Page 11
TEH E T
of Bengal held the same view of the Sinhalese, '', says Guine i from Madura with a train of and therefore Tamil.' " Th Yakkshas and Nagas who wel both Dravidians.'" While in life and 80 Cial int[:100111"S{} [:01 tion the Sinhalese are Dravi which is later, are Aryan. their grammar the Sinhales matical flexion and vocabula structure they are Aryans. ing theories-they have held reflected view that the Aryan going one better they belie merely Aryans but represen * A dubious compliment mad same Aryan face is seen am banks of the Ganges. The that this testimony to their mark and seal on them of put only to travel through Mal similar “ Aryan faces. Rex in his book "The Drawidial Human Speech-1942, says is to establish by facts that and its construction can be guages, among which I say : First, because the constructi is essentially Dravidian ; sec words, even the most element * Three or four thousand yea of India the Dravidian race of the Indian Peninsula but Arya and Persia.” e “ Two E first the identity of genius in one takes a page of fine Sinh may, word for word, render it of literary Tamil. Moreover correct.' " So far the genius Sinhalese has retained the other hand, the vocabulary (

TAM IL
... " The second component wardene, '' were 700 maidens servants, etc., from Pandya e third component is the ge the inhabitants of Ceylon, cutsoms relating to family ming down by ancient tra, didian, they in their culture, * In the basic principles of are Dravidians-in gramry which formed the super* Since Max Muller's chairmand continue to hold the is are the superior race-and e they themselves are not it the pick of the race e by an European-that the ong the Sinhalese as on the Sinhalese sincerely believe physiognomy puts the hallre. Aryan descent.' One has abar and Tinnevelly to see 7. Father T. C. Closset, S.J., n Origin and Philosophy of : “ the object of this study the origin of human speech traced in the Drawidian lainit once is included Sinhalese. on of sentences in Sinhalese 'ondly, because many of its alry, are of Dravidian origin.' l's before the Aryan invasion not only occupied the whole had apparently spread over oints have been established,
Sinhalese and Tamil.' " If alese literature, as a Tule, he E into Tamil, and have a page ', it would be grammatically of the language is concerned, riority over Tamil. On the f languages, including Simha

Page 12
THE IS IAW WILH IL ES E. A
TV 4 }" (JK
, is derived from Tamil. e, like that of all the othel be proved, not only by the U ems are found in the Sin nd more convincingly, by amil verbal stems or nouns, The conclusion is that bo born from the primitive Draw lion's share, Sinhalese retain between the two languages m: best known commentaries an dhism were composed by T Rupasidhi by Buddhapriya, a pala, and many others. Un it not seem a tragedy that a fratricidal policy towards th their own derived its substan
Many Sinhalese leaders a langakoon, Samarakoone, A koon and all such names are Kannangara, Kuruppu and Munai=sandy projection. Kannaku Karan = Accountant Curien. Although Nayake is the titular suffix has been ad Whom there are thousands o and South India, but not ir Ratinayake, Wanninayake, Ba are all names that have gone i. If the latter are Aryans, then are Aryans, too. Dahanayake tion an Aryan complexion o King of Kandy, an undisput Kannasamy Nayakkar. The ending Kar into Ke.
Well-known Sinhalese to
Galle = Kal=Stone: ; Kal Port ; Panadura = Panen til Nallura=Nallur, Ur=city, a
 
 
 
 

" D THE BU DDH IST 5 " ILI FE
' The derivation of Sinha' languages, from Tamil, can niversal law of Tamil, whose halese vocabulary, but also, Sinhalese suffixes, which are as in the other languages.' th Sinhalese and Tamil are idian stock. Tamil kept the "d its genius. This affinity ight explain why some of the d sub-commentaries on Bud'amil Buddhist Priests, e.g., nd Buddha.datta by Dhanalet these circumstances does the Sinhalese should adopt e Tamil language from which ce as well as its sustenance ?
nd places have Tamil names. lagakone, Tennekoon, Wijeypure Tamil names. So are Coогау. Godamune : cf. Bulankulam. Kannangara = ... Kuruppu = Black. Cooray = a Word of a Sanskirit origin opted by the Tamils, among f Nayagams both in Ceylon North India ; Senanayake, in darana yake, Karunanayake nto Sinhalesie from the Tamil. all the Nayagams of Ceylon 2 has by no stretch of imaginar Aryan features. The last led Tamil, had the name of Sinhalese have changed the
wns bear Tamil names, e.g. : utara = Kal-thurai, Thurai= hurai—cf.—Yalpanen-thurai ; s Nagpur ; Puttalam=Padu

Page 13
THE T
Alam=Saltern; Negombo =N lani-field: Ratnapuram=Rat tha Ta=Mathurai, etc.
The Sinhalese language und Tichness. It must radiat will before it can permeate country. The Ceylonese nat language. The Sinhalese by and not a nation. It is ha: communities and unselfish c. the Ceylonese nation. The E East Asia, which the Prime M applies not only to nations bu a nation. It is corporate life high thought that makes for : short cut to nationhood.
If the Sinhalese should to force their language on forces that will be destructive operate on them inexorably.
One Wonders Whether til vow before the statue of D1 exalt the Sinhalese language guage were conscious of what imagine that the great King enemies of Buddhism, that ra dust, set fire to Buddhist Buddhist Priests, Would col smother the peaceful Tamil to them the life they derive gemunu must indeed have fr better than those who have tomb. He would remember great Tamil Warrior, Elara, him in personal combat and was unbalanced in his seat b elephant made. Dutugemun remembering not only his pr record of human justice W received at his hands for for in with the title of Elara

A|MM I.
ir Columbu; Kelamiya, = Kaimam and Puram — City; Mal
has yet to grow in beauty e a spirit of peace and good
peacefully throughout the ion must evolwe before its themselves are a community rmonious co-existence of all o-operation that will create 'anchi Seela policy of Southinister en dorsed at Bandung It also to component parts of
that makes a nation. It is a corporate life. There is no
use their numerical strength others they might engender , and the law of Karma will
nose thousands who made a utugemunu that they would and suppress the Tamil lanthey were doing. Did they Dutugemunu who fought the zed Buddhist Temples to the scriptures, and slaughtered Internance the mowement to people of today by denying from their language ? Dutu - blowed the course of history made this pilgrimage to his that he paid homage to the 70 years of age, who met was wounded only when he y the charge Dutugemunu's u saluted the dalıntless Elara, owess in battle but the great Thich his Sinhalese subjects ty years, that they honoured F the Just. They that seek

Page 14
THE SIN HALESE, A.
WAY O
Dutugemunu’s blessing now, ( that whosoever passeth the from his vehicle and go baref remember that the last five TI off European invaders from
the Kingdom by the treacher
Getting rid of the new ( no mean task. After Kepit docile and helpless. It was arena once again led by Sir ( nathan, and Sir P. Arunac wedded to constitutional n to these great leaders in ackn intelligence, culture and cap the freedom of the Tamils b and the people showed their Sir P. Ramanathan as the fi Legislative Council. Then f of 1915, the Sinhalese in their to death helpless Muslims shr lives. The English rulers ru declaring Martial Law, shooti Leaders. While the Sinhales Martial Law it was the aged submarine-infested oceans of all the great weapons in his and Orator, and reduced th sense of shame, and the rest halese with compensation to t What Sinhalese who was th the night long battle Raman eloquence and rapier thrust Agents in the Legislative Col Sinhalese, however, have sht score of years thereafter, whe to the grant of adult franchis a mistake to give every man. or she had grown like a vege him the cold shoulder. The him in 1915 lay covered with for 20 years. Just about

ND THE BUDDH IST 7 IF LI F E
to they honour his injunction tomb of Elara shall descend ooted ? Dutugemunu would 'amil Kings of Kandy fought time to time until they lost y of Sinhalese Chieftains.
*onquerors, the English, was ipola, the Sinhalese became the Tamils that entered the Cumaraswamy, Sir P. Ramahalam. The English rulers lethods of agitation bowed owledgment of their courage, acity. They fought not for ut for the people of Ceylon, gratitude when they elected rst Ceylonese member of the ollowed the communal riots numbers stoning and beating ieking and pleading for their thlessly quelled the riot by ng and imprisoning Sinhalese e groaned for 100 days under
Ramanathan who dared the the first World War and used armoury as Lawyer, Scholar Le British Government to a oration of justice to the Sinhose who suffered innocently. an alive, does not remember athan waged with his silvery s: at the Governor and his uncil of August, 1915 2. The Drt memories, and, within a. h Ramanathan stood opposed e on the ground that it was or woman a vote because he table for 21 years, they gave monument they ordered for dust in a London basement his time there were Tamil

Page 15
8 THE 1
labourers giving their lives, fig violence in South Africa un Mahatma Gandhi. It was the matchless courage and endur: leader to launch his civil disc which by the suffering of m whom no small portion were to South-East Asia.
D. S. Senanayake was th destined to receive this freed Lanka, and in doing so he a tribution to the struggle, and of the Sinhalese people “ wh domination but a Ceylones venerable Priests and others deputation to the great Deity to induce the Prime Minister only national language, real persuade the Deity to give his Tamil language in order to ex: too optimistic if they imaginet will be received ?
It would be equally unl dislodge the English langua it has been the mother-tong have made no small contribu walk of life: In politics, Lorel in Law, Schneider, Garvin, G. Garvin, De Zilwa, Spittel; in tion, Cyril Jansz, Francis Be Paulusz, Blaze, Arndt, to nar high the torch of learning Generations of Ceylonese hav though simple lives. Is a p language, and indifference t prospects of their posterity, can pay to their memory ? monize with the conduct O. Buddha ? Moreover, English and communication between the Island.

ʼAMI IL
ghting the first battle of nonder the great leadership of battle they fought and their ance that inspired the great obedience campaign in India illions of his countrymen, of Dravidians, brought freedom
e man of the hour who was om for Lanka, on behalf of cknowledged the Tamil consolemnly pledged in the name lat we seek is not Sinhalese e Dominion.' Do not the
who now propose to go on r of Kataragama to ask Him to declare Sinhalese as the ise that they have first to blessing to the murder of the alt their own 2 Are they not hat their unrighteous petition
Buddhistic and unpatriotic to ge. Un Buddhistic, because gue of many Ceylonese who tion to the country in every nsz, Dornhorst, and Drieberg ; ratiaen ; in Medicine, Grenier, Art, Wendt, Keyt; in Educaven, C. V. Pereira, Van Hoff, ne only a few, have each held and the example of duty. fe benefited by their glorious policy of suppression of their to the material and cultural the only tribute the Sinhalese Does base ingratitude harf a people who worship the n is the language of commerce the different communities of

Page 16
THE SINHALBSE, A WAY O
Illiteracy in the land foreign rule, but it was the our leaders to terminate it. not introduced by the Englis in our caste system. It is t helped in its gradual eradica great men before us. Mahat dead to us but for the Engli a supreme master. The Bu the four corners of the world 1 and yet Sinhalese Buddhist suppressed in this country. would at best be adulterated
It is unpatriotic to demy English language because it which the sunlight of the w pure air of the world's thou Russian or Chinese, enter in dark corners of their minds. must have their education in higher education is possible a world language. Every n, richness of the English lang as well as the Dravidian. counted among the world's English. Ceylon has benefit use of English as an official has developed thought and we are today because we language.
I am deeply concerned, Buddha, with the great harm especially chosen to be the g part of the world, are causing and non-violence towards a be a tragedy of the first magn of Maitriya and Ahimsa shou just when the rest of the worl the same. The way of Nirva and yet the Sinhalese Budd

N D THE BUDDH IST 9 E LIFE
nas been one of the evils of English language that helped Snobbery in the land was h language, but was intrinsic he English language that has tion by bringing the lives of ma. Gandhi would have been sh language, of which he was ddha's teaching goes out to oday in the English language, s would have this language Translations into Sinhalese milk to a hungry child.
the people the free use of the serves as the window through forld's achievements and the ght, be it European, Indian, to purify and brighten the
The masses of the country the mother tongue, but their only through the medium of ation has contributed to the uage, the Indo-Aryan Group Tamils and Sinhalese may be best speakers and writers of 2d greatly in the past by the language, because as such it expression, and we are what have mastered the English
as a humble devotee of the
that the Sinhalese, who were uardians of Buddhism in this
to the great religion of peace ything that lives. It would itude if the Buddha's message d be despised by his followers d was beginning to appreciate na is the way of self-sacrifice, hists in Lanka demand that

Page 17
0 THE
the Tamils should sacrifice Sinhalese may prosper. Sucl of Buddhism.
One prays that the Sin of the Enlightened One and than be misled by ambitious vities have proved a damp venience, and who still hope t of the Buddha.
I have, no doubt, there a among the Sinhalese who h mere communal glory, who and the country above comm of their convictions, who ha the future :-
For I dipt into the f hштат. eye coшla
Saw the vision of the all the wonder th
Till the war-drums i and the battlefic
In the Parliament o Federation of th

"AZMIL
their language so that the a spirit is the very negation
halese will act on the advice take the Middle Way rather
leaders whose political actisquib, whose religion a cono ride into power on the back
re many great and silent men ave a broader horizon than place ideals above economics, unity; who have the courage ve within them the vision of
uture far as
See,
world and iat шyould be.
throbbed no longer tgs were furled " Mam, the te world.
Temmysom.

Page 18
MARY OF )
ARY Borden who writ of her-as well she may Jesus ?—that she was a sin of tenderest compassion. “ eyes, very gentle and strar She had borne her husband fi Those who loved Jesus noted James, Joseph, Simon, Juda sisters.
At the time of which the Father had died. When lived in a poor but decen willing to welcome strange It was a small house but e veriest nooks and corners It had a flat roof where M dry and her figs and raisins guest room where there wer brass candlesticks, and clean and fresh water in a jug for
The family observed ve of their people. On the Father came home from the son, would pour out the wa and James, the second son, towel. Then the Father v the Blessing of Israel; and meal which, it being the Sa nature of a feast : a shoulder with olives and, for the chi meal was over, and the last the whole company would s
Then they would be re. go to sleep. When they cuddled themselves to sleep, the night lamp burning.
* Mary of Nazareth by Mary Borden-Heinemann Ltd.,

NAZARETH
es of Mary of Nazareth tells 7—was she not the mother of nall-made gentle lady with eyes A silent lady, with haunting gely youthful for her age.” ve sons and several daughters. the names of his brothersh-but not the names of his
Mary Borden writes, Joseph Joseph was alive, the family t home. They were always rs and homeless wanderers. very bit and part of it, the ,-all was spotlessly clean. ary would spread her flax to and apricots. There was a e always fresh candles in the towels, a well-trimmed lamp Washing. W m
ry reverently all the customs Sabbath evening, when the synagogue, Jesus, the eldest ter for the washing of hands would follow him with a clean would bless each child with then they would sit to their bbath meal, would be in the of lamb or a fat pigeon cooked ldren, cakes. And when the t crumb had been swept up, ing hymns together.
ady to say their prayers and had said their prayers, and Mary would go away leaving
Потdoт.

Page 19
12 THE 1
Often Mary and Joseph their eldest son. She had afternoon when she was alon rush of wings about her and murmuring of innumerable ( He shall be great.' When words she would tremble and band. He was a rough, p. man. He knew in his hear make his own name great. would tremble and tell him. O would comfort her and say it the destiny of the child.
Jesus was so different fi There was about him a rac brothers and sisters would books. But not Jesus. He about, sometimes romping wi laughter, at other times a dr hills around his home. Afte was dusk, Jesus would alway
* Have you ever seen an “Yes, once.' “What was he like 2'
“It was Gabriel. And a crown on his head.
米 k
Now Joseph was dead. had married, and begotten lived in her own home but daughters. An honoured gu
As long as Jesus was wit for nothing. He had becom sought after. Indeed, his pI peace and goodwill. His r everything. But Jesus, like and valiant, with a will of mind freely and boldly. Sc For in Nazareth, as in ever,

AM IL
would talk together about told Joseph of that golden e in a room and there was a a heavenly voice like the loves had said: “Fear not. ever she remembered those seek comfort from her husrovincial carpenter, a simple t that his eldest son would
And so when the mother if that awesome afternoon he t was not for them to doubt
'om his brothers and sisters. diance all of his own. The sit down dutifully to their would be always out and th other children and full of eamer, all by himself in the r the day was over, and it s sit by his mother.
angel, mother ?'
he had a sword. And a
ae 米
All the brothers and sisters children, save Jesus. Mary as the guest of her sons and est indeed.
h the family they had wanted e a builder of repute, much 'esence filled the house with nother depended on him for all Galileans, was courageous his own. He spoke out his he had not been popular. y small town everywhere in

Page 20
MARY OF N
the world, they were the gos; makers. One Sabbath day a her leg. No one would do Sabbath. The child kept scre: wept and sobbed. But all talk and argue. It was a hard could be done because it was th He was young and beautiful child and the broken bone st his eyes glistened with ange, sticklers for the letter of th picked up the child in his arm He carried her straight to th Greek doctor who lived in a lit And he and the heathen (tha up the child's leg with bandag to his own home and put her
Was there not a great The “respectable ladies -hC about this incident for man of Ezra, Anna, the midwife, C hairdresser, Rachel, the town the time of their lives tear young man who had no eye always where the children w of the hills where the shee almond trees were in bloom a Hermon could be seen in the
(To be c.

WAZARETH 3
sipmongers and the scandalchild had fallen and broken anything because it was the aming in agony. The mothel everyone around did was to thing, they said, but nothing he Sabbath. Jesus walked in. jo behold. When he saw the icking out through the flesh r at those who were merely e law. Without a word he s and strode out of the house. e other end of the town to a ttle pink house on the hillside. t is to say, the Greek) bound ges and then Jesus carried her
into his own bed.
to-do throughout Nazareth ! w they whispered and talked y a day ! Salome, the wife hloe, the frivolous wife of the clerk's wife, all of them had ing to tatters the handsome for the likes of them, but was ere, and in the sparkling air p would be grazing and the ind the bright snows of Mount
far distance.
отttтиеa)

Page 21
WHO WERE THE
By S. J. GUNASEG
IT is now generally accept Aryan entry into Nortl in the second millennium good archaeological evidence, arrival in North West India in the centuries following 200 known that Aryans as a ra. a linguistic term applied to all
The Aryan advent in I of barbarians into a region hig based on a long-established culture. The situation, in fact conquerors are seen to be less ( writes Piggot. “ The Mara Heinmann, “ however, found developed culture, the mai) were the Dravidians who are India.
As far back as in 1885, Hewi had been peopled chiefly by Aryans came into India. T cities: ‘ plurah.” Only of Samb are often mentioned, some of
ancient. Some of these are The castles are said to be fu in cattle, gold and jewels st Dravidian Chief named ' Kuva referred to, who caused his two In the past, these forts of th considered to be either myth earthwork and palisades of Northern India at the Arya Wheeler has said, “ the recent be thought to have changed t highly evolved civilisation of now known to have employe
14

INDO-ARYANS
ARAM, M.A., London.
ed by Indologists that the n-India took place somewhere B.C. (2000 B.C.). “There is says Stuart Piggot, “for the of invaders from the West 0 B.C. “It is not generally 3e, do not exist. ' Aryan is Indo-European languages.'
ndia was, in fact, the arrival hly organised into an Empire
tradition of literature and t, is almost reversed, for the :ivilised than the conquered uding Aryans, says Betty
in India an already highly n representatives of which still predominant in South
tt had stated that North India,
Dravidians long before the hey had innumerable walled ara alone “a hundred castles” which are called 'Purvih - said to be iron fortresses.’ ill of treasure. Their riches eem to be proverbial. The ya ” (Kuveran) is particularly
wives to bathe in milk . . . le dasyas and the dastus were ological or at least primitive
the supposed aborigines of n Conquest.' But now, as , excavation of Harappa may he picture. Here we have a
essentially non-Aryan type, d massive fortifications, and

Page 22
WHO WERE THE
known also to have dominate Western India at a time not of the earlier Aryan invasions
In support of this, rece the existence of numerous D India down to historical peric says Father Heras in his ep times the Aryans, when nami) the original tribal names, so meaning. (This is a process in Ceylon whose place names along the Coast, have in rece efforts made to give them a 1
Sahayam in his book ‘ IDI points out that “ the myth C barian civilisation, has been haps in every age history will is the barbarian trying to ir and religion on people he tr succeeds completely, if he use not superior.
This fact is strengthen brilliant American historian the Dravidians were already Aryans broke upon them; t sailed the sea even to Sume cities knew many refinement them, apparently, that the A. munity and their system of To this day the Deccan is es and customs, in language, lit
Again to the question, Aryans ?” Durant says, “The as meaning Noblemen (Sansl haps this patriotic derivation which cast scandalous gllean Very probably they came fr their Persian cousins called Home. About the time that Babylon, the vedic Aryans be

IN DO-ARY ANS 2 5
ld the river system of Northdistant from the likely period
of that region.’’
nt historians have admitted bravidian tribes in Northern d. It is an admitted fact, och-making work, that at ng Dravidian tribes, distorted as to give them an Aryan familiar to the Dravidians in several parts, particularly nt times been transformed or non-Dravidian derivation).
avidianism and Christianity, of Aryan invasion of a bar
successfully exploded. Pershow that usually the invader nprove his language, culture ies to overcome. He never es forces which are spiritually
ed and supported by that Will Durant who states that a civilised people when the heir adventurous merchants ria and Babylon, and their s and luxuries. It was from ryans took their village com, land tenure and taxation. ssentially Dravidian in stock erature and arts.'
who were these Marauding ey themselves used the term, krit—Arya-—Noble) but peris one of these after-thoughts hs of humor into philology. pm the Caspian region which Aryana Vaigo - The Aryan , the Aryan Kaisites overran gan to enter India.

Page 23
6 THE
“Like the Ammuru in the Aryans were " a peo city.' Their way of life is complicated urban organisatic centres of oriental civilisatio third millennium.'
Of their diet it is said til the main meat dish.” “ Slay attribute of the highest pra Indra (their chief god) was present-day Hindu doctrine prohibition of flesh food, is co Brahmin) ideas of transmi foreign to the earlier Aryan b
The doctrine of non-viole found in Hindu religion and the influences brought to bea the more cultured and refined who were inhabiting India.
The Rigveda knows not animals such as the tiger. Harappa seals. Rice and T in the Atharvaveda, a later c. tions at Adichanllur have pr and iron were both produced i the Aryan invaders came to of the turban (derived from dress popular even today am mentioned only in texts fro later than even the Atharvav
The low state of cultur incursion into India, says H a great deal to the final accept with the culture of the Dravi long ago that prior to their mi of that era were probably of the Todas.
Thus in this book “ The East Hall sums up the situa

AM IL.
Mesapotamia, says Piggot, ble who had never known a far from being that of the in traditional to the ancient n since the beginning of the
hat “beef was freely eaten as ing cows for guests was an ise to an Aryan Squire and a champion beef-eater: “the
of Ahimsa, and the ritual onnected with the later (Postgration, which are entirely eliefs.”
ence, the humanitarian ethics literature could be traced to r on these savage invaders by indigenous Dravidian peoples
hing of rice nor the tropical The tiger is depicted in the iger, however, are mentioned Omposition. Recent excavaoved beyond doubt that rice in Dravidian India long before know about them. The use the Harappa culture) a headong the Dravidian peoples, is m the Brahmanas' composed eda.”
e of the Aryans before their eras, might have contributed ance of an easy amalgamation dians. It has been suggested gration into India, the Aryans a similar stage of culture to
Ancient History of the Near tion in these words :

Page 24
WHO WERE THE
“The culture of India i Greece the conquered civilise Indian owed his civilisation Dravidians, as the Aryan Gree
The halo with which Ar. been sanctified through long was due to the subtle diplo who with his numerous pagar with him a liturgical languag. and with the assistance of th of Dravidian India and a ca: kept up the myth of Aryan s
The Aryans were a fair gated to themselves a sense beginning of their contact w their dark skins they had onl. soon to accept reluctantly th language, enterprise and rel within a few centuries were Dravidians. As Brown puts vast a mass of Dravidians alo have been immense; it is dif have been accomplished.'
The borrowing of Dravi which proves the mythical c of India, was undoubtedly fo both races in the course of a
Vedic Aryans (of the R were confined to the Punjab. are mentioned but the ge Aryans did not extend furth continuous migration of the maintained that the rest of 1 peopled by the Aryans. T was that of a civilisation whic came to be known as Aryan b the conquered people.’’
The gradual disappearar post-Vedic civilisation is i the absorbing power of Dra

IN DO-ARYANS 2 7
s pre-Aryan in Origin: as in d the conquerors. The Aryan and his degeneration to the ek did to the Myceneans.”
yan culture and religion had g centuries in Hindu India, macy of the Aryan Brahmin l deities and mantras brought e which he treated as sacred; e adopted coloured Brahmins ste system of “ divine origin ” upremacy.
skinned people. They arroof superiority from the very ith the Dasyus, and towards y contempt. But they learnt e superior social Organisation, ligion of their enemies, and
completely absorbed by the it: “the feat of organising so Dng wholly Aryan lines would ficult to believe how it could
idian culture by the Aryans, haracter of the Aryanisation stered by the free mixture of few centuries.
ig Ved time), says Pannikkar,
“The Jumna and the Ganges ographical expansion of the er East. Since there was no Aryans, the theory cannot be the country became gradually he expansion of the Punjab h had been evolved and which but was predominantly that of
ice of the Vedic gods in the incontrovertible evidence of ividian culture. Waruna, and

Page 25
8 THE
Vayu the Vedic gods disapp theon and are reduced to a Indra, “ the Lord of thunder cities and the chief eater of sa of the lower heavens where h pictured as a debonair deba tioner for protection to the n Vishnu. “The Vedic gods conquered the Dasyus and we wonderfully elaborate mythol
The Aryans were believe in mantras. Sacrifices were Indra for rain, but these go “Neither Agni (fire) nor Mi recognised as having divin literature allusions are made t to the Dravidians as the c decided influence of the indig
It has been pointed out ments expanded to the Indo archy--that of the Bharatas new monarchy consisted larg lation and was organised on that of the Aryan settlements of the Ten Kings described clash between these two pol: King Sudas met in battle the Aryan settlements and com this great battle Non-Aryans ranged on both sides. King mainly the indigenous inhabi result of this resounding vict end of the pure-Aryan sup It established the political ass Aryans in the new colonies of
In this and in the articl seen that the belief so caref by Brahminic subtlety of t Aryans has been exploded b. revelation of a much superio

TAMIL
ear altogether from the panminor position; the great god bolt, the mighty destroyer of crifices, is merely a super-king 2 holds luxurious court and is Luchee.” He becomes a petiaw Dravidian deities Siva and died soon after the Aryans re reborn as minor figures in a
99 ogy.
rs in magic and sacrifice and continued to be performed to ds had ceased to be potent. tra (Sun), nor even Indra is e powers. In later Vedic to the mother Goddess, known onsort of Siva, showing the enous religion.
that when the Aryan settle-Gangetic plain, a new mon-came into existence. The gely of the indigenous popuquite a different basis from of the Punjab. The Battle in the Rig-Veda was the final itical systems. The Bharata ten allied kings of the earlier pletely overthrew them. In under their own kings were Sudas whose supporters were tants became supreme as the ory. The battle marked the remacy in the North-West. similation of Aryans and non
the Gangetic plain.
es that will follow it will be ully protected and preserved he civilising mission of the y the gradual discovery and r earlier civilisation. It was

Page 26
WHO WERE THE
a civilisation whose represe continue to have a domina languages, the religion and Continent. Though the Ary harbingers of cultured life in myth, their contribution h ignored.
“ The less the habit of pri consanguinity. '-H. G

IN DO-A RYANS 2 19
ntatives continued and still nt influence on the several
the culture of the Indian ans claim to have been the India has been shown to be a )wever is not to be totally.
ximity the more the magic of
WELLS.

Page 27
MR. S. J. V. CH
R. S. J. V. OCHELVANAY distinction of being the sally respected and adm single community in Ceylon achievement in a nation of t. are. For one who has act and earned large fees in Sout not merely unique: it is asto
What is the secret 2 qualities as an undoubted gr intellect, and a countenanc Yet others, possessing these quiverful of detractors.
The secret, I think, is in capacity to see clear, see There has never been a period its own species of commun seats of power. The only British days, the communalist ians; today, they are (mos the technique of the misuse same at Hulftsdorp.
I should know, for I h within for nearly thirty years
There they sit behind do white. They sit—and they su dorp. They ponder, And th In the days of goigamachristi their cards with such succes, Brito-Mutunayagam (B.C.L. one of Hulftsdorp's greatest versity Scholar and Hartley man (first-class honourman Ferdinands and Selvadurai ( to occupy seats occupied byShall we put it Malvolio wise ? life.' Shall we say I, J., a Nadarajah swallowed their
2

ELWANAYAGAM
YAGAM today holds the high
only Ceylonese who is univerired by every member of every n. It is the rarest possible hroatslitters, as the Ceylonese ively practised as a lawyer, h Ceylon, this achievement is unding.
There are, of course, such eatness of both character and ze bathed in benevolence. same virtues, have had their
Mr. Chelvanayagam's amazing straight, and see far ahead. when Hulftsdorp was without halists in occupance of the variation is that, during the s were (mostly) goigamachristtly) goigamabuddhists. But of power has ever been the
ave watched the game from
ors carrying labels painted in urvey the panorama of Hulftshey lay their dogeared plans. an communalism they played s that men of the calibre of of Oxford and undoubtedly intellects) Villavarayen (Unis favourite classicist) Schokof Trinity College, Kandy) Permanent Secretaries) failed -well, let them be nameless
“M, O, A., I, doth sway my nd S did slay these lives ? skilfully thrown bait; but,
O

Page 28
MR. S. J. V. CHI
mercifully, he escaped within pellmell into the net. He communalists who pushed him of their own, would betray hi of their own.
One man stayed clear, - nayagam. I remember the t laid for him by enticing him w But the skill which he has s his people's politics was nati then. If you are free you But if you walk into their deal with that foolish fly
I have the conviction nayagam's is a dedicated lif sighted perception which he will serve to save his peopl May he prove both Moses a
Mr. Chelvanayagam, m Eternal vigilance is the price are to live together in equ
“A unity that grows out of diversiti will be a richer unity than a unity the sake of being a unity. '

EL VANIA Y AGHAM 2
a month. Nagalingam ran little realised then that the skyhigh in 1945, for purposes m in 1955, also for purposes
-serene and clear, -Chelvaime when the trap was being ith the post of D.J., Colombo. hown in the management of ye to his Tamil intellect even may lay down your terms. parlour, -they know how to
and the faith that Chelvae. The same quality of far
displayed in his legal career e. May his health continue. ind Joshua.
luch remains to be done ! of freedom-if all Ceylonese Lality. May you be spared.
2s by the accommodation of diversities which has eliminated diversities for
-BISHOP KULENDRAN.

Page 29
ospu I so suosinaeqsu00 os powoloop owo qoyqın uy sụuounooq aqqou pum fiņų6ņu ɔŋ ŋm uos ? - -?opduoo us ... puson u^*\oaq sso qələq o ,, so uosfløp fo ... uoụngụsuoO,, fiuuod ffosfiuuađnq oqq poqț¢osop oqunu snoạaodd o us ‘sos, Iļue L əųL ‘uopəəus pəndə-os saeuoqfiao fo ɔumqou
sposoof filmoņn aqq paqpaqsuowap firpoqwɔdɔm ‘saoqunu snoyaạad sự uy osoự[[ULIEJ,ahL]
NOSI?IV, IWOO W
· NOTAHO “VOIRIGHWV “VIGINI HO SNOILQLIJSNOO SIHL

[:90/of son suosinaeqsuoƆ ŋuɔsɔŋd' o, uoffi00 so sioon bəpous 9q 9uoự səayap qoyqan uos? oud woɔ so 91ạo, o nomoq qayb 9A oosdood uno uos uoụngụsuoo wodoud puo amp o fo ŋɔɔdsoud 21ąpuosvou o supaddio plnom sy ‘mou sy ouoqq qoq puo ‘ouaq, sự, đm uøym oam, “sụuoj, əum woqon fo fi upu ‘uosiop fo uolusoqoqo ffuqquqq, oqą Jo auos osson buon yo oqoq puys on 6uyńfųouß 8! 4I 4ųôsos puŋ wɔaơS ‘æņS 8./94 un N ou O ownqoA “Isuue L əųI, 29S*suoụnqųsuoƆ pup Soso/S fo ŋɔɔsɑns off, wo səŋooŋ nɔ pə6pəlanouqɔŋ oup oqam suaņam powoụngụsus woup sqɔŋŋæə
snoodoo so supou fiq oqo S o so quae q. 994, o qų so səssəəoud aqų pəŋŋŋsnm, 9 M (poļuɔusz pun

Page 30
THE CONSTITUTIONS O.
: A C
CE. YLON
8! \toț8țaodd o Lŷ6I ‘qɔs ɔɔuəpuədəp -u I wolfio,O ɔŋ siq suɔmɔųon puso
‘ “ ’ 140 uno0 wy wapao (8 ‘o N suɔupuəusy) (uoụnļņsuoo) uosflø0 əŋ puu 140 unoo ug napao ‘(« ’ON quo upuousy) (uoụngụsuoo) uoffiapoqq ‘LŶ6L ‘słowno,9 uỷ đạp.10 (quậu -puolusy) (uoụngựsuoO) uosios) aqq fiq popuəuo so 956 I 140 uno0 uį Japao (uogų -ngoạsuoO) wolfio.0 9\qq fiq s'pouạq M
(HT8IWIWCH?HaH
NOTACIO
oeoțIəuIV Į0 soļeņS pəļļum 0ų į JOJ UIO!\nļņSu00 sqqq sqsȚIqeļsq pue uȚep.IO op ‘fiņuoqsoas uno puo səaqəsumo oỊ ÁļJəqĮT so souĮssəIĘ ogą ownɔɔs pup ‘øJeJĮ0M spao uofi ɔŋ oņououd oạouafɔp wouluoo oựą dof opsaoaed, ‘ĀŋIIŲnbueu I, 04489 uop o.aensus ooņsnp qsqqoysa ‘uos un 400 stød o.lou o usof og dapao uỷ ‘səļeņS possun oss fo ɔIdoəɑ ɔųJ, əMA
GHT|{{INWOHNHỎI
W0IHCIWIW
-40a0a0 40 pup onqoqs ļo AqĮĮenbÇI
odụsuon puo qņof “fossaq ‘uoạ8824aaca ‘qqfimoq, so KhuoqįT
o quoqqqqod,
può oswowoɔɔ ‘qoạoos oạoņsnp
: souozņɔ sɑɑ nso oq oanɔɔs og pump 0ĮĮqndəH ɔŋɛsoouuoq uổsouəAos o oņus 'populI oạn 1ụswoɔ o, pƏaņosə.ų fiņuwuɔŋos fusapų ‘espuI Įo 9Idoəā øųL ‘øM
GHT|{{INWOH^HAI
VICINI .

23
INDIA, AMERICA, OMPARISON
f
—; sano||of so ɲɔunos) fia!...I 84H so ɔɔɓapp 9qq qņam pup fiq ‘fiqsosos sąH fiq pənəp 40 fiqətəự sự qį ‘ødoforɔŋŋ ‘ano N. ‘ “ ’ suoụp.N. so qņvomuovuuo0 qsųựg øựą wyņņaen sonqoqo aqqsuoďsom fiņnf fo woqfiøO fiq quovuusoqqo aqq uof oppuu
ou OļļnļņSu00 sqq.J. SƏAȚ0s.InO OJ, əAļš) put: 10'euss “ļdopV ÁqəJ0H op ‘6Þ6 I ‘.moquoao N fo fiņp q/93 8??!! KĻquI0SSW QuonļņSUI00 InO w I
‘woŋŋAN øự, so fiņwn o qų pup \ompļa spus 9qą fo fiņuḥp oqq fuq anssp KļļuJəŋɛJĀ
:ņp ượqq ħuoup oqotuoud og pum ofiqqunq

Page 31
THE
24
sqų5ț¢[ [esuo uutepun)
NOTACIO
pwv sa owww o os movq • wwo wow .vxo (1+ w :
anɔɔɛ əq oq oqdood os, so sųff.) 0\,L多 '820wm091.16 fo ssəapəa o uos quəuvu.(2009 0\, woņņød og pum aqquəsso os fiņqŋɔɔmɔɖ əqdoəd əŋ fo sự6ų, o q, wo : ssold øs, so ao ‘qɔɔɔds so uopəəaf oqq fjustipųqp ao s foə məų assouəæə əəaf oqq fju? -1\qụoud to ‘woụfiyyəu so quouqsqq.0480 up 6ượ0ødsə, mos ou aos ou qoqo 88046u00
sqqãIH Ieņu0uIepun)
VOIHCIWIW
| |
quod fiwo wąởulospuno apysau 04 (ə) o wypu T so filos!...!?!
aqq qnoqồnową, fisɔɔaf øąou os (p)
; suoyun ao suoụoyoosso utofos (0) o Sout.t??
qnoqņam pup fiņqoɔɔ pəd øsquə880 os (q) : uoạssəadæə
puo qɔɔəđs fo uopəəaf om (p)
—qų6ų aqq 9apų 11048 suozą440 11W sņų3||H. IeņuəuỊepun, I
VICINI

T"AMIL
‘aqđoəd øq, fiq pəuyoqaae suɔŋo 960andssp do fiuəp 94 pộsõnajsuoə əq sou moss sqqffy, usp1420 fo uoụnqụsuoØ øqq us uosquownwo ɔs,L
· · · pəsođưs səwyf aaț8800æə dou opəaymbaa əq qou noņ8 1ņoq 2^48890æGI
· · · fi uns soņuodu, um fiq qoyq 0\qqnd puo fipəəds o os qų6ų oqq fioțuo 11048 posnɔɔmɔ ɔqq ‘swoŋmɔɔsoud Touquậ40 110 u I
· · · floswyų ąsuyobo ssəuņn o oq og 9800 qowquay to fiwo wą pənəduoɔ ɔq moqo : · · suosử9đ o N · · · (qņ00 fią pəļaoddno oạsmoo aqqoqo ud uoďn smq ‘onos? ņoqs squo., o M ou pup 80anzț08 pụp ŝaĵo,mos aqqıñosvoawn qșuyobo ‘sroosjø
............ « ... ...T......o ^ ^^^^^ na i oca, no 1^, i^^^^^ ^^^
“non fiq pəựsqqoqsa 9.mp300.√d 94 6u\pmoooo qđəəå å fiịuảqų įvuosa od 40 of:1 sự so pəayadəp 9q moqo wosuod, ON
· · · fļosuņų ņşuyoôo soɔuņņam p 0q 0, pƏŋƏduoo @@ 11048 ɔɔwaffo fiwp so pəsnoop uos uod. ON
· · · ɔɔwɔffo wo so pə6,0ųɔ ɲɔɔ ɔŋ fo uoņssyuuoo sɔŋ fo ouņ_2\\ \p 2049/ ‘uy nằm ở fo woņņoja dof qdəəæə əɔwɔso fiuŋ fo påŋɔyawoɔ ɔq qoqo uosuod, ON ossəuqonq 40 øppą owoụođmɔɔo fium uo fitavo og to ‘woyssassoud fiwp 9844004dj o!(6) o fig.todo.id/ fo ɔsodsyp pun pļoq ‘omynbou os (f) : ŵpur so filoso...!?, ou, so

Page 32
IN. 4 ('O MP
"S (O) Fi"
"T" ()
*=- ==
行』 |- 行』 Tae ---- Ɔ ----
וקוו ווודווחו וחווהחוו חווHויוH
opaeae so wojsp, siɲɔŋɔ, wo sosios, o, so jwoŋɔɔɔŋ so soos '75. possos? ¿?siŋpass!!!!!! o postop oss sont Nowoso 3), os sayırış possos os so strozisyo so sss, os J.
'ossos oss so woŋɔɔyʊʊ },\bo oss) woorås siun ôl swap3,15 siis, |so , ; *?\s?)S. passws! *s, soswożņķa os so oo!!!, ¡ ¿ $¢, 3¢, osp?offs ||roso ŋɔŋŋ, iŋ iŋ siŋɔ ɔ, wɔ ɲa osow! Woso oso||S. ON '89, S posłu są øs) so osoz, 3.,&ossae soos??, ???) \!! !!!!!!!!!!!/ww .so wòŋ siŋo sɔs! //F והחוויוןזווחיםחוזוו וווהזויה"
(o pãową Nosissä, saņaewy w isso "was, so sĩ, 40 offwn ffwrs) s'ajo, o, “wosissä, Jo filoso opun, si so 3,5 %) są powym -wŷs, woŋŋŋooŋ yƆwɔŋŋƆŋ pƏ sƆŋ offwy stosoɛ???????? ??????}} ?? ??????? ???????? ¿NT "osso oss? saesos, os sss, oss; 3)} \,\! , 8)? „No 3,1}, ..., jossaeo off, Nowy, oặp w Now!, ¡¡¡¡¡¡ ¿ No No.1,2) as wae swypsos, owazi}}) &, so woływa o ffws osassissə, əŋ ŋƆŋsso, pro ossos, "osos, os fisɔɔŋ ŋƆŋ, åŋ pựw owoso, so wap3.3.) s os paņsjiņa siŋŋŋbɔ o, osoɛ wɔts \}, · o √ sự, sĩ, '.top, ¿os os sassis,
51115IH Itsuo uitpuna
 
 
 

DIA, AM E RICA. CEYLON : 25
RISON
"is"), oss sss sssssss – "sissis : sssssssss siis sir Jos os „sūnuri,,, saesi öss–ŽIVION,
fosss!!! äpsss!! !!!!! oup owɑɑso ɑ wɔ sɔŋŋŋŋ wɔɑɑ ɔ sɔŋɔ fɔ owoso, os soļos, o) sowoso), så, so saŋŋŋŋŋ. -os, 0, &\sqw?] stossissä, jos „Viņus, sww so suos sa, äy, sposo sinus sono oN 'Nowoso I oss? Ja sitos, osi possi sowo łopae oorso, oss of &s ayır, os sānots &\\ && os spososwows, I
off) \,\!!!!}\, ɔŋ so suosisjowy osi so waos, siirtys ‘swiss., od pup !!!, 'įvyosoɛ sɔɔŋɛɲs sɔŋŋŋ iŋ wop, so ɲɔgɔɲɛ sɔ siws), pɩsɩ sɩɩsɩŋɔɔɛ sɑ ɔsɑɑɑɑ ɔŋ so gaerosso, 
 3}, d) ≡jo Nowoso offraes, oss), "poo) wraerons; os possoswoɔ 8}\!\!\! a(s) so ɲɔŋɔɔ wɔsuo ɔ, woff offwspɔɔɔɑɑ ɔŋŋuɖoɖoɖoŋ siŋ sono)) ɔwɔ, nɛ əŋ ŋa, os sosti, as J. 'offraesus) „so wolfsso, wɔ pɔsɔŋ wɔŋjɔŋɔɔ osijs, w so sườwɔɓo, əŋ wopwon sy sự sụp swr, oss, trở sươsyrissow; }, }, pa siwr? Wow!ws, osww,p \, |\pso ?????S' oss), oost, *s*\} so osiossssssso, ssssssssssss!!Jo +3}&{\s?\s*ps, pss !!!!!ņssoa os }ựsis, os ossos sosyo offwnship, ɓ issotsija,

Page 33
hel
REWE
I The Tamil truly belie
ence for God, for I that is noble, lovely and of all Knowledge. The grows om the stem of Re thereof is true Culture.
How can a great culture gro judice and narrowing provi politics is past : the com] Come. When will thic Ine w leaders ?
非
A high civilisation is a pyra broad base ; its prerequisi consolidated mediocrity.
*
Even fame is folly; other
place to be the home o. happiness depends on wha on what we have in our po
来源 本
Struggle is the law of grow storm and stress of the wo

Cunnill
RENCE
Jes that Reverence-rever- | 'arents, for Elders, for all true is the only sure basis fine flover of Tolerance werence. And the Fruit
|
W in this air of patriotic prencialism, The time for petty pulsion to great politics has race appear and the new
Adapted from Nietzsche.
事
mid : it can stand only on a te is a strongly and soundly
Nietzsche. 率
peoples heads are a Wretched f man's true happiness-our it we have ill, OLT heads than
tlēts.
Schopenhauer. 来源
th: character is built on the Tld.
WWW! Diwy'r.
2{}

Page 34
W WE ||W WE W PE
He is the true actor, who whet ab ea sant, nili LIsti a c:t it With li
: பவை திய பயுததால் தினை தீயினும் அஞ்சப் படும் Because e vil breeds evil, it is
well fire.
i. றிறுள் என்னுருதலேயென்பதிய கறுவார்க்கும் செய்ய விடப் Not to retu Tin e vil to those w||
Crown of Wisdol.
非 辜
A charge to keep A God to glorify A never dying so And fit, it for the
This is my prayer to Thee. I that adorns Thy holy hills with the murmuTous huml ofi
Krise Korrow. Per' yw'r cy
率 The young should learTn to be fili ful in society ; they should be and love all people. If aft they will have energy left, let
--L.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

N('E 27
her his part be a prince or ke intensity.
C'horyles Larry ().
to be nuore dreaded thall
:::
o do e vil is, they say, the
Ti "777IIII varr ".
=== roi
| hawe,
ul to salve
sky.
Charles Wesley. 非 来源
Let me be a cha mpak tree whose groves are resonant n numerable bees.
(Translation from Tamil). 率 事 all in the home and respectconscientious and honest, *r acting on these precepts,
them read books.
Confucius.

Page 35
WISWANATHAPIL
By SARAVANAMI
HILE we remember with the life and Works of ou it is also appropriate th: equal pride and joy a worthy Navalar who also played a no of the Tamil people and thei nathapillai.
Hazlitt has said that the gauged by a scrutiny of the liv two heTOs of Tamil Nad-Air nathapillai—were contempora Word. They were born with and Wis Wanathapillai survive a year. So their lives, like til by side in the intellectual life years ago. They form a fas and, as Hazlitt says, they tri Jafna mind.
The Facts of the life of known. Every year ** Nava. Navailar School, Jaffna. The is worthily remembered on ma
Tho lé55 kIl'OWIl falcots Of may be here stated. Wis war beautiful village of Suthumal respectable Jaffna family. H pillai, an eminent Ayurvedic love of learning, the father say the very best education availa. was placed under the care of a Kanga Pattar. By the age was well versed in Tamil and it
At that time the Christia Jaffna. Wis wanathapillai was chance ; and, as we shall see Which midde the bent Of Wis Wan
2S

LAI OF J AFFNA |
TTU KANDIAEI
eternal gratitude and pride, T Teveredl AT"umlLıga Navalar, at we should remember with contemporary of Arumuga ble part in the glorious story T language : Scholar Wiswa
greatness of a people may be es of contemporaries. These umluga Navallar and Wiswalies in every sense of the in two years of each other, di Arumuga Navallar only by wo mighty stTeams, Tarl Side
of the Jaffna of a hundred cinating study in contrast : uly reveal the might of the
Arumuga Navalar are well lar IDay ʼ is celebTatedl at bold Defender of the Faith ny a public platform.
the life of Viswanathapillai Lathapillai was born in the ai in 1820. He came of a is father was Wairavanathaphysician. With true Tamil W to it, that the son received ble to his means. The child Brahmin guru of the name of of twelve, Viswanathapillai ni Sanskrit.
In Missionaries had come to put under their golden , this was the turning point athapillai's mind so different

Page 36
|VISVAINA WYTHAMPIL
from that of his alter ego, Arul We discuss this aspect of the liv the story of the rest of Wis completed. Such was the soun by the Jaffna Missionaries at Wa pillai passed the Madras B.A. return from graduation he mail lady of Changanai. At Madr intellectual distinction. As all tongue, he compiled many
Kanitham (a treatise on Alg ** Sithantha, Siromani, ** ** Pram Wanathapillai Wrote treatises
and Zoology. With his knowl piled an Almanac for Jaffna.
land, he was the sole author
the Imelit urld Tudition of English Dictionary that the L has issued a reprint of it as rec his zest of mind, and the urge his people, that Viswanathap. the Editor of the 'Morning Madras honoured him by ma Council. Full of years and h at Changanai on the 21st Nove
And now a Word as to scholarly conflicts between it Land—Arumuga. Navallar and a pleasant anecdote of a di Wiswanathapillai was only 20 only 18 years of age. The sul has its own vision : Estaji. The debate went on for days so unrelenting were the two lo appreciated, it was a theme every angle, physical and mel was the great exponent of Saivi. although born to Hindu parel religion, had his outlook wid contact with great professors of like Spaulding and Arnold. Wiswanathapillai stood for sar

LI (I) TA' WENA 2}
muga, Navalar. But, before res of these two twin Titans, wanathapillai's life may be dness of the education given ddill koddai that Wis Williathla... with distinction. Oil his tried a respectable Christian as he lived a life of great : Tdent lover Of his Inothel books, including ** Achara ebra), ** Weesa Kanitham T. la spuda Sithantham.’ Wison Philosophy, Astronomy ledge of astronomy he com:
Like Dr. Johnson of Engof a Dictionary. Such was
Viswanathapillai's Tamiliterature Society of Madras ently as in 1951. Such was 2 to spread his ideas among illai volunteered to become
Star. The University of king him a Member of its Ono LIIT and lea Trining he died mber. ISSG).
the friendly contests and hese two glories of Tamil Wiswanathapillai. There is 2bate between them when
years of age and Navalar ject was ' whether the Eye கு சுய ஒளி உண்டோ இல்வேயோ ? out newer callel to a closeirds of learning. As will be capable of exposition from ital and spiritual. Navalar asithantham. Viswanathar, its and Versed in the wedic ened and deepened by his f the Waddukoddai Seminary Like Swami Vivekananda, mara sa gnanam, which may

Page 37
3) THE T.
be described as the magnallir. controwersy bet Ween then W but never, like that betwee a crimonious. Newman and K hating each other. But, see, way of life. After years of m tagonists of the two schools ol Na darajah Moorthy at Chith: other “ worthy gliru. Wis tongue with a heated goldell I worthiness the Te may have be troversies with his friend an they returned together to Jaff Tamil principles of toleranc gether they set to the task of the assistance and collaborati
Percival.
"For most people the daily paper is a

- II | L
nous view of religion. The as prolonged and intense : in Newman and Kingsley, ingsley went to their graves
how different is the Tamil ental fighting, the two prof thought met at the feet of amparam. Each called the Wanathapillai branded his Leedle for any un Witting ullen in the course of his collel fellow-sylint. And thills La, like two stars of the great ald reverence. And toi translating the Bible, with of the fill lic )". Pit"
daily disappointment. '"
H. G. WELLS.

Page 38
AUTOBIOGRAPH AND S,
s W. confire in this run
biography of the late Fi of Balliol College, Ox
R"du".]
IT was not long before parent The first and best Was the
of the Cambridge Union, that office, afterwards first S Council of Ceylon. The son, at Reading Prize at Cambridge, Suriya Sena, gives recitals o. which good critics pronounce de
Mean While the War continu Leader ” under Armand de Sol Optimist, afterwards known f near Kandy, a relation of Fr: College, and of Sir William Ans an influence for courage and Ceylon. Life in Colombo set affected.
Drafts of recruits were ( front, and the Lutyens War by the Galle Face Battery, b hundreds, both British and Cey of the boys we had known and lives for their friends.
A great surprise came one 3. letter fromı MT. E. B. Den Captain-General of Jamaica, t cation, not long appointed, in call upon him in his office, the Monastery, a mong the gloriot of Flower Road. I went in The business was this. The Cela College, the Government Schoo
31

Y OF A POET WINT
er, ertracts from the AutoΕυ. Μ' αιτρ) Sία η ιεη Seη ιον", ονα, αλλα. Τνίη ίί η Οολλεγε,
s asked me to take pupils. son of a former President
the first Eastern to hold peaker of the Legislative ter winning the Winchester
now, under the lame of music, mainly Eastern. lightful.
ed. The Ceylon i Morning lsa, and his correspondent or Anson, a retired planter a ser's successor at Trinity bn of Oxford, was as strong
hope as any throughout amed comparatively little
onstantly leaving for the Memorial, the fine obelisk lars the names of several lonese, including too many lowed, who laid down their
morning when I received Lam, today Governor and hen the Director of EduCeylon. He asked me to large bungalow called the s vermilion flamboyants my rickshaw, wondering. ssical Master of the Royal in Colombo, was leaving

Page 39
32 THE T
for the front. Would I come that I should love to teach : authorities, and in any case service. The standing Commi to my going, with the usual st not be at personal disposal.
connexion, lasting from May and intensely enjoyed through and for the fresh friendships f
May I transcribe som et Principal of the Royal Colleg me at leaving 2 " . . . . is and English Literature, and h; in his pupils for those subj devoted. The books studied Thucydides, Virgil and Hori attain to the standard of an an English Public School, a Oxford and Cambridge. and carries our best Wishes W been helpful out of school to t themselves . . . has dealt Wii Sinhalese, Tanlil, Eurasian a knowledge of individuals of should be of value. . . .''
Some of these boys atte of the happy institutions W. House was the Sunday after especially for students, aftel adjacent Church for evensong no small encouragement to m touch with Old Boys of Trinit or of law in Colombo ; and whom we cared, and for Wh steadily longer and longer. and I can only lament the make all wivid for others : of growing boys and girls, a from Northwood, paddling sun grew too hot, in the foa with scores of other English

A MILL
and take his place 2 I said again, but must consult my could only give half-time ttee of the Mission consented ipulation that the fees should
Thus began another school l, 1917 to December, 1918, lout, both for the work done ormed.
thing of what C. H., then e, was pleased to write for
an enthusiast for Classical as the gift of awaking interest acts to which he is himself
included Homer, Sophocles, cea . . . ou T best boys here Jpper Fifth or Lower Sixth of ld many of them proceed to
. . leaves us to Olli regret, rith him. . . ... his society has hose most anxious to improve sh boys of many nationalities, and Parsee, and his personal
different races and religions
lded Christ Church, and One hich we had at the Mission noon tea, for all and sun dry, which we migrated to the !, where their presence meant e. I was also al ble to keep ill y College, students of medicine he list of Ilames of those foT Om We sought to pray, grew It was a rich and varied life, lack of the Kipling touch to the home with its two pairs nd their Swiss nu Tse brought each morning early, ere the m of the Indian ocean, along children : and the rug that

Page 40
4 LITC) BIO ( INRAPH )' (C) IF
H. made in five years, and dining out in Colombo, a dusk or under the great full and the train-ride along the the colouT and cha Tim of all. certain great Sinhalese hous clans, united however in a which continues to this day, Islamd. No Iman could wish lads and their parents.
The hot-weather holiday Colombo at sea-level than on the way to two thousa. fortunate in the years 1916: Bungalow, Bogo wantalawa, a beautiful district, 5,000 fee side of Ceylon's highest plate bungalow, large and comfort: from Colombo and her two ch were our children's friends : and did squeeze in visitors. the season was settled, the air There were grassy gardens : down towards the gorge of th played endless games of thei others joined. The river Bogo torrent, came rushing down countless boulders, one of the gange in the far-away plain were shorter walks in the and longer climbs, especially Sripada's distant mysterious We ascended the broad wo damp begonia-brightened fc ten there and ten back, to th (7,000 feet), the highest and the way, at the break in th Patnas, we were called by a and see a dead leopard, a lying stark by a gun-trap som We diverged from the Rest H World's End, the precipitous
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

| PO ET AND SA INT 33
he goodnight stories, and the d the ricksha W-rides in the oon besilvering all the palms: alm-coast to Mount Lavinia: But I should specially mention s, the homes of two different anerous kindness towards us, eight years since we left the better friends than Sinhalese
is meant even more to us in in Kandy, which is already ld feet above it. We were and 1917 to find North Cove Lvailable. Bogo wantalawa, is t high, on the south-western au, the Horton Plains. The able, we shared with a friend ildren, a boy and a girl, who and besides these We could The days passed pleasantly : delicious, the scenery lovely. all about the house, sloping a Bogowan: and the children own devising, in which we wan, a broad and picturesque from the heights, round its many feeders of the Mahawelis below. Every where there Tevillea groves of the tea : to a certain clearing with cone seen through the gap. d-cutters way through the *est, a twenty-mile walk, Horton Plains Rest House loneliest in Ceylon: and on jungle known as the Aldie 1alay game-watcher to come ighty, magnificent creature, paces away from the track. buse a little to gaze from the lank of the Horton Plateau,

Page 41
34 THIE
that looks down a thousan inaccessible tea-estate in Ce Haldum ulla, and all the prospect of vastness and g Another day we heard a doors saw coolies carrying be a pole from which hung yet its paws. And when the d the company migrated to th ing-room, very welcome at the war, and such news of th book aloud, in particular we failed to see through. not altogether unintelligent good deal, thought a good young Ceylon by letter, an Services at Norwood, and St
It illust have been on returning on foot from a about sunset at Campion E miles amid tea beside the B a snowy cloud-the clouds hanging over the vast gulf in which lies Balangoda.-: that an angel was in it. It
Of all unutterable, all At all unifferable, all Les med o’er the West,
and beg you to believe, for a was one of the greater mom
My fortieth birthday prayed for restoration. I days ere reaching Ceylon, The decade, for all its delig kind, was marked, I knew, b began in Kandy with an un chasing against a suppose enemy had got under one

TAMMIL
d feet sheer on to the most ylon, and away over that to glories of the low-country, a randeur beyond all praising. commotion and going out of tween them on their shoulders another dead leopard, tied by ay and the dinner were over, 2 cheerful log-fire in the drawthat altitude, and talked of 2 waT as wel had : Or l'ead some Mr. Britling whom however He did not grip the company, ... At North Cowe I read a deal, kept some touch with di took occasional Planters . Mary's, Bogo wantialawa.
one of these Occasions that. week-end a Way, and arriving state, where the track, three ogowan, turns leftward, I saw of Ceylon are unequalledLidden but known to be there, cloud so radiant that I felt ried to fix it in Verse.
cloud
tolerble while intolerable height and lauded God, the King.
ll its poor expression, that this ints of life.
befell at North Cove, and I recalled my thirtieth, three
its hopes and anticipations. hts and for all its success of a y declension. Such declension resisted mood of depression, of l want of appreciation. Aun is guard: a poison had been

Page 42
- UTOBIOGRAPHY OF A
introduced. Deep within was perhaps only the failed evan ation was a word common in and petitions.
About that time I had rec of Trinity, a keen cricketer and chief and patriot, a request to a paper which he was about to the Kandyans, inhabitants of Ceylon, men somewhat apart in people of the plains. At a littl bungalow was a tennis-court, o in Ceylon, levelled out of the h stood, a court disused and desel
Here, after exercise and the for the cool evening which is o. I used to pace up and down in n of mellow lamps above and th through the twilight summoned pany of dinner. My contribu nine years' experience into a st Kandyan kingdom.
RESURGA
O fair with its fora, ma is the Fair with its palms t But fairer to me are the h; "αίαl o'er thε Καγια,
Oία. Η μηαSμινιμα.ς ρεαλ ι. And fair is Dunbars In the golden noon, or wh 18 shιηίημ μαινε αγιά .
Η αιγ. Ειγομμή ιλε ήίλις ανε Ρνομα hεαγίλιs of αηα. The strength and grace of The Lion that nome s

PO ET AN D SA INT 3.5
stain on the soul such as gelist can feel. Restormy memoranda of desires
lived from J.H. an old boy
coach, above all Kandyan Kontribute to the Kandyan, publish in the interests of
the central highlands of history and habit from the distance from North Cove f hard earth like all courts illside where the bungalow ted.
it change into dry garments ne of the joys of the East, neditation until the lighting e softened sound of a gong to the comfort and comtion crystallized out of a Ong of resurrection for the
M
Ιηαία η λεεγο he strated lls that keep van Loemd.
! Γαίη,
, υαλε 27, the noon υαλε.
the Kandyan halls, ent mar me : the Lion race,
all tae.

Page 43
36
THE T
Fair is the stripling, lith Ι ιτή ήe streημίl of His brown eye bright wif (Yod shield the la d f}
Fra ir is the na CK iden, pass Of foot, and form, st With her dresses rare, (r.
God crown her life
Ofair indeed is the Kan. Fair is the Kandya. The glens and glades, the Βιμι αλη, ηλογε ταίν, Truth of the tongue, Tr. Truth of the Shrine Let Truth ble King of the Lord of the Lion he
Rise up, ye sons of noble For the night is paro On rocky spires yon pr: Are herar l'olivagy the da Day, high day, in the K A cloud less day of . Of gayer beams than gila. Or your father's fall
The day of truth in the
Of Truth in the and Of Love, true Love, for
Of Love, true Love,
Serve Love, ser ve Tir" (/k.
In a richer golder So after pain shall ye to
The Kandyan Heri
I had not then known :
country, and of the MaligaWa have been harder to write truth : but the spell of the ea upon me, and I Wrote from th
In the year 1935 I receiv
a copy, dated March 2, 1934

AMI IL
e and strong
his father's arm, h its nother-light : "o‘7i Mirry"Yr2, !"
ing fான்", για ασε, d hier je welled hair : Ηίς ηγασε Α dyern Land.
2. Youth, 3. Waals CT 72 d r s Wids :
Ty'.
with of the ha rad, d. Mort, o Kandyan Land, r".
2 siries, ised a way : μιε γίνες
WW. an dya Ya Land, γαλα, l your dreams 2s of old.
γεης αγια μιακλες, 'feril Hall : he Waals ( 77 al 772 (Lids, for all.
so shall ye reign ITE .
Με αμαλη.
ίαγε.
all the kindness of the LOW , and ten years later it would that first verse with perfect rly years in Kandy was then e hert.
id from a friend im Colomb) of a Magazine in Sinhalese

Page 44
41 UWT" () BIWO ( RAPHY" () F' 4
(the beautiful but baffling scrip. Which II take to be a revived * Ki patriots. In it I find, nearly ty publication, o Resurgam, repr Sinhalese. I am gratified th have poetry but seem to ha regarded as some expression of
It is interesting, if indeed almost at the hour of writing Ceylon the old Throne of the throne that for a hundred year Windsor, but will now grace or of Kandy.
Among our friends in t was the father of the two Wh panions for several years. I the usual human enquiry how unusual answer that he was rupee, a phrase which I never Through his influence in the after two visits to North Cove, of 1918 Glen dewon, a fine bu Halgranoya, on one of the long Ceylon's central all-dominating once more a happy party, en and panoramas. We climbed the leopard-trap at the top. A down the long Vista of purpl on the slopes that swept greatly and most distant Trincomal thought one of the finest view edge of Goat Fell, Kanda pola. * Tolling downs of Uva, past W tala, not knowing that yon Would one day be our happies of the high-built Glendevon Wondrous phenomenon of bl flights of fluttering snow-flakes tails giving occasional colour. days together. Out of the nort) they went, borne on the cooll Monsoon. Life on her vague,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

POET AND SAINT 37
it that is, alas ! beyond me) andyan, issued by Kandyan venty years after its original "inted and translated into at verses which may mot We passion should still be the thoughts of a people.
it be not significant, that Prince George is carrying to
Kandyan kings, the Lion s has stood in the Castle at lice again its ancient setting
the mercantile community o were our children's comremember one day making he did, and received the still chasing the nimble think of without laughing. World of tea we were able, to rent for the hot weather Ingalow in the district of skirts of Pildurtu Talagalla, mountain. Here we were joying endless promenades Maha Kudugala, and saw it Dixon's corner we looked e flower, of heather-effect, down to distant Welimada, e, which Bishop Copleston 's in Ceylon. I sat on the and looked long over the Tilson’s Bungallow to Hapulistant ridge to the south : home. Il sat on the lawn garden and watched the Itterfly migration, endless with a few green swallowall day long for several they came : into the south tter end of the North East mysterious onward Way.

Page 45
WORD PICTURE SHA!
E(). IRGIE BERN - RI) 1 I ar y reor ter dra matist til
know he was only bei read "" The Dark Lady of th kney only too vell the tre meas ** Not marble mor the gilded m. lëve the words with which I m. makes Shakespeare (ell the () leis litrit and brilliance, will rem Literature even a hundred yec The people of England seem But Sha ? ' hard one 4/reat Capo sce Yale, (A moment, (7. person uaith We give belou a feu illustrat from Bernard Shaw's nume Reader" will in ote the mag
Εημίίςl.
A PICTURE O
THE twelfth of May, 179 Zano, on the road from noon Sun is blazing Lombardy, treating the Alps with indulgence, neither disg swine in the villages nor huri churches, but Tuthlessly disd chievous insects which are armies. Two days before, to prevent the French from narrow bridge there; but th general aged 27, Napoleon respect the rules of war, rush ported by a tremendous car general assisted with his o his technical speciality : he ha
B

S BY BERNARD W.
HA W osten claimed he was an Shakespeare. In this ule g quizzical. Those who ha ve e Son yets,” kirow" that Shau ure of Shakespeare's greatness. numents of princes shall outa ke the world glorious,” Shari veen. Whether Shaw, for all (in in the annals of English Er's hence only Tine can tell. already to ha ve forgotten him. city, the ability to transfia: a α εια αμί αλλά μιμηθεη.ί μονας. ors frke (most It randon rous μια ψ8 αγια μίαμιείς, ίliε '72 ficence of the Irishnan's
IF NAPOLEON
5, in north Italy, at Tavaz1. Lodi to Milan. The afterserenely over the plains of with respect and the anthills usted by the basking of the by its cool reception in the ainful of two hordes of mis
the French and Austrian It Lodi, the AustTrians tried crossing the river by the e French, commanded by a
Bonaparte, who does not ed the fireswept bridge, supmonade in which the young wn hands. Cannonading is s been trained in the artillery

Page 46
| IV () /?. /.) PIC"T" U WIES B )
under the old regime, and m arts of shirking his duties, SW travelling expenses, and dig and smoke of cannon, as depic He is, however, an original o for the first time since the in a cannon ball, if it strikes a thorough grasp of this remar highly evolved faculty for phy calculation of times and dis powers of work, and a clear re. nature in public affairs, having in that department during the imaginative without illusions, gion, loyalty, patriotism or a Not that he is incapable of th he has swallowed them all in hi a keen dramatic faculty, is e upon them by the arts of the Withal, he is no spoiled child.
of impecunious shabby-gentil would-be author, humiliation
reproof and punishment as an officer, an escape from dismissa that if the emigration of the no of even the most rascally lieut a general he would have been the army : these trials have gro and forced him to be self-suffic. to such men as he is the Worl cannot take from it by force. free from cowardice and folly:
cannonader of political rubbish indeed, it is even now impossil out sometimes feeling how mu being conquered by him as wel
However, on this May af days with him. He has bl general, partly by using his w (then governing France)"; part caused by the emigration as afo
* A || ||rı III, III'ıklılı'yı,

BE WRINA RD) SIHA W 39
ade perfect in the military indling the paymaster over ifying War with the noise ted in all military portraits. server, and has perceived. vention of gunpowder, that man, will kill him. To a kable discovery he adds a. sical geography and for the ances. He las prodigious alistic knowledge of human seen it exhaustively tested French Revolution. He is and Creative Without Teliny of the common ideals. 2se ideals : on the contrary. s boyhood, and now, having xtremely clever at playing ' actor alld stage manager. Poverty, ill-luck, the shifts ity, repeated failure as a as a rebuffed time server. incompetent and dishonest 1 from the service so narrow bles had not raised the value nant to the famine price of swept contemptuously from und his conceit Out of him, ent and to understand that will give nothing that he II this the World is not For Napoleon, as a merciless , is making himself useful : le to live in England withh that country lost in not as by Julius Caesar.
ernoon in 1796, it is early t recently been promoted fe to seduce the Directory y by the scarcity of officers "esaid : partly by his faculty
III Լեւ:Int1

Page 47
4() THE 7
of knowing a country, with : valleys, as he knows the pal by that new faith of his in t at people.
--
PICTURE OF A ROYAL SC
LEXAN DRIA. A hall on en ding in a loggia appro: the arches of the loggi seen, bright in the morning painted with a procession presented in profile as flat ol mirrors, sham perspectives, st make the place handsome, W.
The young king Ptolem. the top of the steps, on his w by his guardian Pothinus, The court is assembled to of men and Women (some () of various complexions and I' of them, comparatively fair much darker, from upper Eg Jewis. Prominent in a grou Theodotus, Ptolemy’s tutor. left, is headed by Achillas, the Theodotus is a little old man, and wizened as his limbs, exc which occupies more space t He maintains an air of mag listening to what the others si of a philosopher listening to Achillas is a tall handsome fine black beard curled like t ently not a clever man, but Pothinus is a vigorous man ( energetic and quick witted, character ; impatient and ul He has fine tawny hair, lil looks much older than an EI the childish ail, the habit of

A L.
ll its roads, rivers, hills and m of his hand; and largely he efficacy of firing cannons
率
ENE IN ANCIENT EGYPT
the first floor of the Palace, ched by two steps. Through a the Mediterranean can be sun. The clean lofty walls. of the Egyptian theocracy, nament, and the absence of uffy upholstery and textiles, holesome, simple and cool.
Dionysus (aged ten) is at ay in through the loggia, led who has him by the hand. eceive him. It is made up F the Women being officials) aces, mostly Egyptian ; some from lower Egypt, son Ille, ypt; with a few Greeks and om Ptolemy’s right hand is Another group, on Ptolemy's : general of Ptolemy's troops. whose features are as cTamped ept his tall straight forehead, han all the T'est of his face. pie keenness and profundity, ay with the sarcastic vigilance the exercises of his disciples.
man of thirty-five, with a he coat of a poodle. Appaldistinguished and dignified. f fifty, a eunuch, passionate,
but of common mind and nable to control his temper. ke fur. Ptolemy, the King, glish boy of ten; but he has "being in leading strings, the

Page 48
|WORD PICTU IR ES BI
mixture of impotence and p being excessively washed, co. hands, which is exhibited by
All receive the King down the steps to a chair ol to his right, the only seat in before it, he looks nervously
who places himself at his left
車 率
PICTURE OF THE A
ROYAL
776. PATIOMIKIN in
Palace, St. Petersburgh. style, Russia in the N Versailles du Roi Soleil. Ex1 and disorde T.
Pationkin, gigantic in marred by the loss of one eye other, sits at the end of a ta. the Temains of three or fou has supplies of coffee and bre party of ten. His coat, encil the floor. It has fallen off a end of the table for the c. court sword, with its attachi three-cornered hat, also be-je himself is half dressed in an
mense dressing-gown, once g and dirty, as it serves him foi and every other use to which a slovenly mahnı. It does not ce nor his half-buttoned knee bl are partly clad in silk stock hitches up to his knees, an his shins, by his restless mov into enormous slippers, worth several thousand roubles apiec
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Y BE RN RAID SHA IV 41
etulance, the appearance of mbed and dressed by other s' court-bred princes of all
with Te verence. He comes
F state which stands a little the hall. Taking his place
for instructions to Pothinus,
hand.
事
NCIENT COURT OF RUSSIA
is bureau in the Winter
Huge palatial apartment: VIII century imitating the travagant luxury. Also dirt
stature and build, his face ; and a marked squint in the ble littered with papers and successive breakfasts. He Lindy at hand sufficient for a usted with diamonds, is on
chair placed near the other in Wellience of Wisitors. His ments, is on the chair. His Welled, is on the table. He un fastened shirt ind in im!orgeous, low food-splashed * towel, handkerchief, duister,
textile fabric can be put by a onceal his huge hairy chest, reeches, nor his legs. These ings, which he occasionally l presently shakes down to ements. His feet are thrust , With their crust of jewels, : ,

Page 49
42 TH E 1
Superficially Pationkin i an upstart despot of the mo type, ugly, lazy, and disgus Yet ambassadors report him the one who can do most Catherine II, who is not a R means barbarous or intempe She not only disputes with F. tion of being the cleverest even put in a very plausible most attractive individual ali ates Pationkin long after she attachment to him, but estee. and a good friend. His love record. He has a wild sens him to laugh at himself as w the eyes of the English visito to his presence he may be fact he actually is an outrageo eyes; but the visitor will find or later finds out, that he is even by those who are not bodily strength, and exalted I
A pretty young lady, is lounging on an ottoman and the door, very sulky and he is preoccupied with his p and she can see nothing of hi
To be co

"AMIL
s a violent, brutal barbarian. st intolerable and dangerous iting in his personal habits. he ablest man in Russia, and with the still abler Empress ussian but a German, by no trate in her personal habits. ederick the Great the reputamonarch in Europe, but may claim to be the cleverest and ve. Now she not only tolerhas got Over her first romantic ms him highly as a counsellor letters are among the best on e of humour, which enables ell as at everybody else. In Dr now about to be admitted an outrageous ruffian. In us ruffian, in no matter whose out, as everyone else sooner a man to be reckoned with intimidated by his temper, ank. -
Varinka, his favourite niece, between his end of the table dissatisfied, perhaps because apers and his brandy bottle, m but his broad back.
ntinued. ]

Page 50
A PAGE. O.
W brought before the Rea
the juxtaposition betwee stars as portrayed by Hardy.
We continue the story the everlasting Dome of the n
A week or ten days aft Lady-Lady Constantine Wa Malm—Swithinl St. Cleeve his light night. The Lady sat at had not been drawn do y El little table. Her Cheel Te: were attracted by the brigh who beamed down upon her
Gazing at the planet an scape against the sky, Lady to her late meeting with 1 remembered her promise to the secrets of the scintillating
She decided to go.
The stars were distinct the way to the column. It pointing to the upper constell She ascended the to W. young man bending over a sc him. The telescope was stan She looked over his shoulde figures and signs.
* What are you doing t voice.
SWithill started and it revealed her face to him. said, " to watch phenomena But it is tedious work.
Swithin, as a preliminal to Jupiter, and exhibited t Then he directed the instru
f Stur.
d
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

F SCIENCE.
ider, in Our previous number, In human life and the eternal the poet-novelist Thomas
of the two humans beneath ightsky. er that first meeting of the s her name-and the Young -it was again a bright stara Window, the blind of which wn. Her elbow rested on sted on her hand. Her eyes itness of the planet Jupiter as if desirous of her notice.
l the dark edges of the landConstantine's mind was led
ihe young astronomer. She visit him to learn some of bodies overhead.
y so bright as to show her rose like a shadowy finger ations.
2T noiselessly. She saw the roll of paper which lay beside ding behind him on its frame. T upon the paper, and saw
onight 2 she said in a low
urned. The faint lamplight * I am doing my best, he l stars, as I may call them.
y, swept round the telescope o her the glory of that orb. ment to the less bright shape
13

Page 51
44 T H E
Here, he said, warmin a world which is to my min in the solar system. Think meteors racing round and I wheel, so close together as entered further and further
gathering momentum as he w bodies.
Well, we will get outsid -leave the whole group of planets quite behind us in ou.) its bush and sweep into the you see, Lady Constantine at Sirius.
She said that she saw a seemed a point of light now a
That's because it is so will bring its size up to zero. it is, like all fixed stars, moving but no magnifying will show rest.
And thus they talked on other stars
. . . . іт the : Of all those beasts, With which, like I The learned stock t,
till he asked her how many s to them at that moment.
She looked around ovel sky that their high position -hundreds of thousands, she
* No. There are only a how many do you think are help of a powerful telescope 2
* I won't guess.' .
* Twenty millions. So t made for, they were not ma just the same in everything

"AMIL
g up to the subject, we see l by far the most wonderful
of streams of satellites or ound the planet like a flyto seem solid matter He
into the subject, his ideas ent on, like his pet heavenly
2 the solar system, altogether, sun, primary and secondary flight, as a bird might leave whole forest. Now what do
He levelled the achromatic
bright star, though it only s before.
distant that no magnifying Though called a fixed star, g with inconceivable velocity; that velocity as anything but
about Sirius, and then about
crouvil and fish, and fowl, udian plantations, he constellations,
tars she thought were visible
the magnificent stretch of unfolded. Oh, thousands, said absently.
bout three thousand. Now, brought within sight by the
hat, whate ver the stars were le to please our eyes. It is ; nothing is made for man.

Page 52
A PAGE. O.
* Is it that notion which age ? ” she asked, with alm think astronomy is a bad stud human insignificance too plai
* Perhaps it does. Howe though I feel the study to quality, I hope to be the ne to the solar system I aim to b
Then, by means of the travelled together from the mysterious outskirts of the system to a star in the Swan. northern sky; from the star i thence to the remotest visible they had bridged by a fragile Lady Constantine.
We are now traversing immense line stretching from an invisible point, said the we had reached a planet w. times the remoteness of the only a two thousandth part which we have optically arriv
* Oh, pray don't ; it o not without seriousness. not worth while to live ; it qui
* If it annihilates your yawning spaces just Once, t me to be, as it were, in col night after night.'
The imaginary picture of a dome whose base exten our earth is grand, simply g got beyond looking at it in t is a horror.
* A new view of our olc smiling up at them.

" SOU I EN OBE 45
makes you so sad for your ost maternal solicitude. “I y for you. It makes you feel nly."
rer, he added more cheerfully, be one almost tragic in its
v Copernicus. What he was
e the systems beyond.
instrument at hand, they » earth to Uranus and the şollar system ; from the solar , the nearest fixed star in the in the Swan to remoter stars; ; till the ghastly chasm which : line of sight was realized by
g distances beside which the the earth to the sun is but youth. When, just now, hose remoteness is a hundred sun from the earth, we were of the journey to the spot at ed now.'
verpowers me she replied, It makes me feel that it is lite annihilates me.
ladyship to roam over these hink how it must annihilate lstant suspension amid them
of the sky as the concavity ls from horizon to horizon of and, and I wish I had never hat way. But the actual sky
friends, the stars, she said,

Page 53
46 THE TI
But such an obviously man. You would hardly monsters lie up there waiti moderately penetrating min of the oceans bear no sort of
What monsters may the
Impersonal monsters,
a person has thought out the he has hardly learnt that t terrible tham mOmsters Of : magnitude without known the voids and waste places of at those pieces of darkness in pointing with his finger to across over their heads with t web. You see that dark ol There is a still more remarkal called the Coal Sack, as a s farcical force from its very ina plunges quite beyond any ti Those are deep wells for the h into, leave alone the human caverns and secondary abys: pass on
Lady Constantine was he
He tried to give her yet the universe; never was ther to bring down the immeasural By figures of speech and apt c into leading-strings, compell wildernesses of which she had the existence.
* There is a size at which ( further on there is a size further on there is a size at wh on, a size at which awfulness which ghastliness begins. T the size of the stellar universe.

AMIL
true one said the young
think, at first, that horrid ng to be discovered by any d-monsters to which those omparison.
y be 2
namely, Immensities. Until stars and their inter-spaces, here are things much more shape, namely, monsters of shape. Such monsters are the sky. Look, for instance, the Milky Way, he went on, where the galaxy stretched he luminousness of a frosted pening in it near the Swan ?
ble one south of the equator,
Kort of nickname that has a
dequacy. In these our sight
winkler we have yet visited.
luman mind to let itself down body and think of the side ses to right and left as you
edful and silent.
another idea of the size of 2 a more ardent endeavour »le to human comprehension ! Omparisons he took her mind ng her to follow him into never in her life even realized
lignity begins, he exclaimed ; at which grandeur begins; ich solemnity begins ; further begins; further on, a size at hat size faintly approaches
So am I not right in saying

Page 54
A PAGE. O.
that those minds who exert bury themselves in the dep strain their faculties to gain
Standing, as she stood, universe, under the very eye Constantine apprehended som argument.
And to add a new weird in its size and formlessness, of decay. For all the wond eternal spheres, and what in they are not eternal; they see that dying one in in the Two centuries ago it was as senses may become terrified they are, but there is a pit Imagine them all extinguishe way through a heaven of striking against the black, in . . . . If you are cheerful, a the study of astronomy alo alone deserves the character
* I am noti altogether che
Then if, on the other anxious about the future, stu troubles will be reduced a will reduce them in a singular ance of everything. So that even as a panacea.

F SC I ENC E 47
their imaginative powers to ths of that universe merely a new horror ?
in the presence of the stellar s of the constellations, Lady ething of the earnest youth's
ness to what the sky possesses there is involved the quality er of these everlasting stars, ot, they are not everlasting, burn out like candles. You body of the Greater Bear ? bright as the others. The by plunging among them as ifulness even in their glory. 2d, and your mind feeling its total darkness, occasionally visible cinders of those stars. ind wish to remain so, leave ne. Of all the sciences, it of the terrible.
erful.'
hand, you are restless and dy astronomy at once. Your mazingly. But your study way, by reducing the importthe science is still terrible.

Page 55
THE BIRTHDAY (
MOHAMME
By S. J. GUNASEGA
N the 29th of October,
where Muslims live, the
Islam was celebrated. the Prophet gave to his peo a call for equality and brothe and challengingly expressed:-
* Ye people hearken hend the same. Know th of every other Muslim. equality. It is said that Mohame appearance with a fine intelli, and a flowing beard. He was unusual insight and a rugges hearts of his hearers. He was
He led a simple frugal performed the most menial He prohibited the use of into to himself as an ordinary ma his followers. He was an idea He laid no claim to the worki barbarous customs such as animals, and many other socia Tamil, Vol. 1, No. 1. The
He taught his hearers in tences :–
* The best and most a compassionate man W so with his right hand an more powerful than all th
“Anything that will brin is a good deed, and so is the l
These two Poems by Mu tribute by a worthy son of Isl
48

F THE PROPHET ): A.D. 570
RAM, M.A., London
in every part of the world Birthday of the Prophet of One of the great messages ple proclaims in vivid terms rhood never before so boldly
to my speech and compreat every Muslim is the brother All of you are of the same
d was a man of striking gent face, with piercing eyes quick of speech and possessed eloquence that stirred the a lover of children.’
life, despised grandeur and tasks with his own hands. oxicating liquor and referred an not to be worshipped by list, and yet a practical man. ng of miracles and abolished infanticide and cruelty to Il evils of his day (vide “ The Holy Prophet Mohammed).
pithy and scintillating sen
beautiful of my creatures is ho gives alms. If he does d hides it from his left, he is ings.”
g a smile on the face of others ove of one's neighbours.”
hammad Iqbal are a worthy am to the Great Prophet.

Page 56
THE BIRTH DAY OF
MOHAMMED :
BEFORE THE PROPE
Sick of this world and all this I who had lived fettered to dau Yet never fathomed the planet, Taking provision for my uvay , From earth, and angels led me Holds audience, and before the * Nightingale of the garden of Is melting, said those Lips,
flood, Your heart forever steeped in Your reeling feet nobler than a But since, taught by these Sera Үои have soared up froт пeth And like a scent come here fron What do you bring for us, who Master there is no quiet in t Where the eacistence that we ch
face , Though all creation's flowerb
γO8e, The flower whose perfume i.
gardет, kтоиvs. But I have brought this chalic The thing it holds you will inc ASee here, oh Lord, the honour C The martyred blood of Tripol
THE WAY OF
What, shall I tell you then, is Ecstasy's Summit joined with Even its setting flames like a Single its hue, yet manifold a Neither with these times shar Nor with times past their boma Firm on eternal verity’s bedro Here is true life, no airy conce Love, that the Spirit harbours, Mingles a mid its elements wit Beauty of тітd, Arabia's iти (Transl
Wis

THE PROPHET 49 A. D. 57O
ET’S THRONE
world's tumult п атd 8итset, S hoary laws, Set Ott
where the Prophet mercy-seat. Hejaz / each bud
in your song's passion
the wine of ecstasy, уту ѕирpliатt kпеe. tphim to mount so high, er realms towards the sky n the orchards of the earthit is your offering worth ?” hat land of time and space, ave hides and still hides its
2ds teem vith tulip and red
S true love-that flower no
e here to make my sacrifice, tfind in all your Paradise. pf your people brimming up ! 'i, oh Lord, is in this cup.'
SLAM
a Muslim's life 2 profoundest thought 4 "ising ѕит, ;
7e by age; ing their scorm of virtue, lage to myth and magic, ck standingzit of Plato /
of loveliness
h Iram’s
vard fire.
ation by V. G. Kiernan : dom of the East Series).

Page 57
TAMIL IN
By S. J. GUNASE
ΙΝ his book Siamese State
describing the Coronati Kings, states :-
“The King seated himse beneath an umbrella of sevel was crowned, was replaced by of full sovereignty. The Hig before him and, after render Tamil Mantra, the Siamese n: ing the portals of Kailasa ” State Ceremonies, London, p
Quaritch-Wales in the sa “the Swinging Festival and r at the Coronation of the Thai reference, Rev. Dr. S. Thanina ing in the July number of “Tar toured South-East Asian cour influences in those parts, ment temples in Bangkok, where recite the Tamil Verses used in festival and at the Coronatio The verses recited were the f vasagar’s Thiru empavai.
We give below the two English by Dr. G. U. Pope. of Mannikavasagar's “Thiruv
ஆதியும் அந்தமும் இல்லா அரும் சோதியை யாம் பாடக் கேட்டேயும்
மாதே 1 வளருதியோ ? வன்செவி மாதேவன் வர்கழல்கன் வாழ்த்
விதி வாயக் கேட்டலுமே, விம்மி வி போதகர் அமளியின்மேனின்றும்
எதேனும் ஆகான், சிடந்தான், எ ஈதே எந்தோழி பரிச் ? - எல். ஒ
5(

THAILAND
GARAM, M.A. (Lond.)
Ceremonies, Quaritch-Wales, on Ceremonies of the Thai
lf on the Badrapitha. Throne n tiers, which, after the king One of nine tiers, emblematic gh Priest of Siva, then came ing homage, pronounced the ame of which means, “ open: (Quaritch-Wales: “ Siamese O. 54-63).
me book devotes a chapter to efers to a hymn sung in Tamil Kings. Commenting on this yagam, (in an article appearnil Culture') who had recently tries to study Tamil cultural tions his visit to the Brahmin he heard the Brahmin priests the Tiriyambavay Tripavay in Ceremonies of Thai Kings. irst two stanzas of Mannika
stanzas and a translation in ( Vide Dr. Pope’s translation asagam ”).
பெருஞ் , வாட்டங்கண்
யோ நின் செவிதான் ? திய வாழ்த் தொளிப்போய்
ம்ெமி மெய்ம்மறந்து b புரண்டிங்கன்
ன்னே என்னே ர். எம்பாவாய்!
)

Page 58
YT"41 AM IL IN T"
The splendour rare and great we sing , Thou hear'st t O lady of the large bright eye that it perceives not sou, The great God's cinctured resound through all the On her flower-couch she mutt See, here she nothing noting doth this our friend bese பாசம் பரஞ் சோதிக் கென்பாய், இரா பேசும் போதெப்போதிப்போ தார் . நேசமும் வைத்தனையோ, நேரிழைய சீசி ! இவையுஞ் சிலவோ, விளையா எசும் இடம் ஈதோ, விண்ணுேர்கள் எ கூசு மலர்ப்பாதந் தந்தருள வந்தரு தேசன், சிவலோகன், றில்லைச் சிற்ற ஈசனுர்க்கன் பார் யாம் ஆர் ? - எல் * Hail to the heavenly Light тight and day. Мои, о, Art tһои етатоиr'd, таid т. Shame / jeuvell'd dames
To sport and jest is this the
Hath, come to give the f praise ?
The Teacher, Lord of Civa.
тиles.
Who are His Lovers all?--

HA I LAW ID 5
that know's morfirst mor end,
e Song, yet Still sleep’st om ; is is thine ear dull 'd of praise that hails feet?--.She hears the strain treet, yet in forgetful sleep 2ring turns - lies / Why thus, why thus: m 8–Our Lady Fair, Arise/
ப்பகளும்ை
அமளிக்கே
ாய் ? நேரிழையா
9.
"த்துதற்குக்
}ளுந
ம் பலத்துன்
). ஓர். எம்பாவாய் ! , thou ever sayst as we, by f this flowery couch
with faultless gemis adormed ? , are these things trifles too ?
place, ирhет. He in grace oot flower, shaтеfast атgels
world, in Tillai’s porch He
Dur Lady Fair, Arise

Page 59
PAGES FOR
VVP continue the story Reader, ask Mother ti
S
ISS MURDSTONE was
many tokens of welcol David's mother as a n she looked at David and saic in-law
“Yes,’ said my mother.
s
“ Generally speaking,” sa like boys. How d'you do, bo
It was hardly encourag managed to reply: “I am v. same.
But David did so with s Miss Murdstone disposed hin
manner
S;
After this, Miss Murdstor shown to her room. From stones room became to Davi David peeped into it once or was out. He saw those tw never seen open or known to hung upon the looking-glass i. little steel fetters and rivets embellished herself when she
David observed one vel Murdstone. She was constar that the servants had secrete Murdstone would dive into untimely hours looking for t in appearance, Miss Murdston before anybody in the house
al.

THE YOUNG.
of David Copperfield. Little read this to you at bed fire]
26
rought into the parlour with ne. She formally recognised aw and near relation. Then l: “Is that your boy, sister
bid Miss Murdstone, “I don't y 39 ing to poor David, but he ry well. I hope you are the
uch an indifferent grace that n of in two words : " Wants
27
Le begged the favour of being that time forth Miss Murdd a place of awe and dread.
twice when Miss Murdstone o black boxes. They were be left unlocked. David saw, formidable array, numerous with which Miss Murdstone was dressed.
y remarkable thing in Miss tly haunted by the suspicion d a man in the house. Miss the coal cellar at the most hat man. Although no lark e would be up at cock crow. 'as stirring, and look for that

Page 60
PAGES FOR
I
A POEM BY A
The
When you look from your
You may see the Bear And the clouds crash like l And stars tuvinkle like Sil And the river so
Ата, тоот81
ஏ)
Oh How I wish, I could
Where I could see the And fly on space where m And see the whirlpool day And arrive at M
In the twili

THE YOUNG 53
POET OF EIGHT
Sky
bedroот и таои, utiful Skyittle bombs ver Dollars ; blие, иіте от yои.
be there, m, so closeоитtaiтs groи),
and night, CYS Jht of Day.
By SURENDRA PAUL.

Page 61
BOOK IF
66 TAMIL C
July,
OLUME IV, No. 3 of the contains, among other most valuable article Dr. Xavier Thaninayagam, founder and Chief Editor of
Tamil Cultural Influences tries.
Dr. Thaninayagam poin who had so far written on I South-Asia have not paid suf and interpretation of the T East Asian culture. He ref French and Dutch Savants w for such a study. Indian R. A. Nilakanta Sastri, have tO be found in such Works, bu writings have “ not thrown on South Indian influences il been due partly to the fact th a first-hand study of these sul and partly because he has illustrating the influence of to be able to make a satisfact of the influence of Kalinga, Al
H. G. Quaritch-Wales, i Ceremonies, has made Festival in Siam and to a Coronation of Thai Kings. his recent visit to Thailand, w priests recite the Tamil verse: Festival ” and at the Coronat one,” according to Dr. Thani parts could fail to note the T and Architecture of South-Ea stimulate greater interest am
5.

REVIEW
ULTURE ”
1955
“ Tamil Culture magazine interesting contributions, a from the pen of the Rev. M.A., M.Litt., S.T.D., the the Journal, who writes on in South-East Asian Coun
ts out that Indian Scholars ndian cultural influences in ficient attention to the study amil contribution to Southers to the works of several rhich pro vide ample material Scholars, particularly Prof. also made use of materials t unfortunately Prof. Sastri’s any appreciable new light in South-East Asia. It has at Prof. Sastri has not made ojects by visiting these lands, Deen too preoccupied with Brahmanism and Sanskrit ory appraisal of the sources ndhra and Tamil countries.
in his book Siamese State reference to the “ Swing hymn sung in Tamil at the
Dr. Thaninayagam, during as able to hear the Brahmin s used at the “Triyambavay ion of the Thai Kings. No nayagam, who visits these amil contribution to the Art st Asia.’ There is “ need to ong historians of the Tamil

Page 62
BOOK IF
Nad in the countries of South attention of Scholars to the archaeologists, linguists and v for the purposes of study, re obtained first hand.
The learned writer quo and Art of Sumatra ” by R. extent to which Tamils had in to the Tamil inscriptions of I Dravidian tribal names still t Dravidian cultural influences from the Malabar and Tamil a influences in the VIII C. am Kings of the XI C. are evide JaᏙa.
Father Thaninayagam, main lines along which in cultural influences in South to be made. Tamil influence Architecture, evident in Burm and Java remain to be studi Tamils in spreading South In to South-East Asian lands to be investigated.
The part played by Tam South Indian Muslims) in t later in the diffusion of Isl Malay Archipelago needs res by pointing out that this to strength and power of the thousands of years ago, “ lo * Apostles of Aryanism -by have been strengthened and of the Christian era.”
Another article of great is contributed by Mr. C. Education Department and the Department of National with great erudition on “ T their Title Videlvidugu.

*E VIEW *
5
5.
-East Asia, and to invite the necessity of Tamil historians, Iriters visiting these countries search, and knowledge to be
tes from “ The Archaeology
Heine Goldens, to show the fluenced Sumatra. He refers luta Tua (1088 A.D.), and to o be found among the Batak. had reached Sumatra chiefly reas of South India. Pallava d the influence of the Chola, ant in Sumatra as well as in
in this article, indicates the vestigations regarding Tamil -East Asia should continue 's in the domain of Sculpture, La, Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra ied. The part played by the dian drama, music and dance has been noted but remains
il-speaking peoples (including he spread of Buddhism and am in Indonesia and in the earch. The writer concludes ur has convinced him of the historical foundations laid bng before the advent of the * Tamils-' foundations which reinforced during the centuries
interest in the same Journal Nagalingam, formerly of the presently Office Assistant of Museums, Colombo, who writes he Pallavas, their Origin and
S. J. G.

Page 63
даf
Remember the
GAF F
for fine shop
Latest designs in
Sar°
Our experts undert
sarees to designs
at short
N. D. H. ABDULCAFFOO

foors
2 rGr?6e - - -
O O RS
| pi ng in Fort.
textiles, including
eèS
ake the working of suggested by you,
notice.
R LTD. CHATHAM ST. FORT.

Page 64
Modern h
ORMC
AM N. Alt Ed PAS ic a·o.
Oh what a difference when “FoRMICA” Laminated Plas material is wonderfully easy, work and time for a lifetim
* For tables, dressers, shelves, cup
boards, walls and all surfaces subject to hard wear throughout your house.
* Easily cleaned with a damp cloth and cannot stain in normal use.
* Heat-resistant up to 266°F. or I3o C. w
Please pay a visit to o see the comprehensive
SOLE DIST
WALKER SONS
MAN STREE"
L
 
 

Omes need
surfaces. . .
furniture is surfaced with tic This modern surface to clean - and will save you C. A
* Proof against rot, damp, termites. * Will not chip or crack when fixed.
* Louvest cost per year of service of any known material.
* Over 5o gay, attractive colours in glossy or matt finish.
ur Fort Showroom and display of FORMICA.
RIBUTORS:
AND CO, LTD
, COLOMBO

Page 65
PERSPB
The International Quar
ART
Contemporary Am
ECONOMICS.
The Businessman
LITERARY CRITICISM
The Fiction of Err
MUSIC
Charle
NARRATIVE
The Unve
Cir
PHILOSOPHY
The World of G
POETRY
Three
Other numbers have featured leadin history, philosophy, economi
criticism, etc.
Re. 175 per copy. . . . Annual Subs
Distributed in Ceylon by Lake House B.
SAMPLE ÇOPY

CTIVES
terly Revien-No. 13
erican Drawings
as Philosopher
լՇՏt Hemingway
s Ives
xed Isles
C0
eorge Santayana
Poems
g American writers on architecture, cs, social science, drama, literary
cription Rs. 675 postage inclusive
pokshop, Parsons Road, Colombo 2. '
ON REQUEST

Page 66
N
THE TA
N
N
A Tribute by a
Ma1ከ :–
N * Received
Interest C
Pleasure.
N
SIR WINST
W

MIL
Very Great
vith
Lind
TON CHURCHILL

Page 67
Printed at The T
 
 

if Ceylon, Ltd.
mes o

Page 68
The
EDITORIAL OFFICE:
2, Bul
Toph
SUBSCRIPTIONS: Tը
Twel
FOT t
ADWERTISEMENTS: S
For Furthe
communicat
Office.

Tamil
tler's Lane, Colombo,
Ceylon.
One: 84,560.
in Rupees ve Shillings
welve numbers
eventy-five rupees per Full Page.
:r particulars please c. With the Editorial