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August 27, 1983
 

| EW
RS. 4. 00
k J. R. JAYAWARDENE
x MILLION HOUSES
A SPORTSCOPE

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To OUR
This week we have been able schedule. We hope that we will be mentioned earlier, what we publish material selected from the daily press seal of approval and also material to not object. Customary in-depth Tribu only after the censorship is completel
We will also publish For 7 daily press which we think will provid nts but also help to unfold the story avouring to record the diverse trenc make history, we will pursue the obj tion and Reconstruction under the um
We face many serious problem: displaced. Many others, especially have been shocked by events into st know when they will recover from the in which they appear to be presently St
We are making efforts to trace who have been displaced. Our netwo and elsewhere has been shattered. We ha to our readers and well-wishers help u that has dawned in Sri Lanka.
TRE
43, Dawso Colomb Te/: 33

READERS
o get back to the usual 28 page
able to keep it up. As we have about the current situation will be that must have received the Censor's which the Competent Authority will ne analysis and comment can come y lifted.
he Record, news reports from the e not only documentation for studeof these troubled times. Whilst endels that have made and continue to ectives of Reconciliation, Rehabilitabrella of Development.
S. Some of our writers have been Sinhalese, with no communal animus ate of mental paralysis. We do not present agony of the intellectual coma ubmerged,
the present addresses of Subscribers k of Sales Agents in Colombo, Kandy ve to build a new and we look forward regain a normalcy in the new era
Street, 2. 172

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TRIBUNE
~
* * * شيخ - -.---محميميجيد منهم حين
Ceylon News Review A Journal of Ceylon and World Affairs
Founded in 1954 Every Saturday
Editor: S.P. Amarasingan
Vol.27 No.45
AUGUST 27, 1983
43, Dawson Street. Colombo 2.
Tel: 33172
-------------- LETTER FROM THE EDITOR 1 -The Future
EDITOR'S NOTEBOOK 2 --lindo Sri Lanka
5
INDA --Documentation Centre
FOR THE RECORD 7 -Statements: CWC, Negombo
Catholics
' SRI LANKA CHRONICLE 11
-August 8 - 14
AGRCULTURAL DIGEST 14
-Plan for Plantations
Citrus, Mustard Strategy Exercise
REHABILITATION 18
-Racial Harmony, Reconstruction, Million Houses, Rural Market
SPORTSCOPE 23
-Spotlight, Chronicle
CONFIDENTIALLY 28
-Defence, Tourism
LETTER FR
ON THE COVER parliamentary col Exhibition at Nika all matters except faded into the b ourselves and Our in this country, is and narrow path it further changes of government to as we goalong.n tions calling for the country to co ciliation as Soon tion, reconstructi critical juncture t all others whatev Aresident in his e unitary state. Se Prime Minister communications of Kandy who ne LIVE TOGETHER us all to rally ro economy, to brin is our mother a regardless of dif whether We are land. Those whic South i ndia or els to which countr land. A nation lil its members. Ba the family by a racial and multities must get citizens make an ch to our proble harmony and cre meighbour as o Muslim, Burgher gions in our cour build factories ar were totally des new cities rosef will have to be in: Over the Countr unifying factor way and a Nati nation. Why not help to break do world language Outr country a VM of the people and inflexible co good of the ná alleviating the lo Let us rally roln

OM THE EDTOR
we have a picture of a model of the Jayewardenapura mplex which was a showpiece at the Udagama weratiya at the end of June this year. For the moment the consequences of the recent distrubances have ackground. but we have used this picture to remind readers that parliamentary democracy, as it has evolved still the best betto get the country back to the straight hat will take Sri Lanka to peace and prosperity. What we should have in the Constitution and the framework make a unitary state function better must be considered the meantime, Tribune has received letters and exhortaInited action from all parties interested in the future of operate with the government to Secure national recon as possible to have a firm launching pad for rehabitaon and development. There is no doubt that at this he entire country - Sinhalese, Tamils, Muslims and er differences in the past – are solidly behind the Ifforts to resolve the national crisis on the basis of a Daratism and terrorism have no place and the Indian has underlined this repeatedly. Among the many we have received is one from Mr. Fred E. de Silva eds no introduction. In his piece entitled LET US ALL he says: 'The country and the government need und it to help in whatever way We cam to rebuild the g about reconciliation and communa harmony, his nd and we owe it a legiance without any reservation ferences of colour, caste, creed, politica beliefs born in the North, East, West of South of our native have one foot in our country and the other foot in e in UK, USA, Canada or Australia must decide'inally y they owe allegiance to and which is their native ce a human family needs the love and affection of all stards who do not knwo their parents can still enter ioption. Our country is like a large family - multireligious - and those who wish to break the family out. Nothing is impossible, if the nation and a its honest, realistic, sympathetic and humanitarian approams that stand in the way of racia and communal ate a Sense of brotherhood. Let us earn to love our Irselves and protect him - be he ami, Sinhalese, or any other human being. This is what al relitry preach. It is not difficult with monetary aid to red houses that have been destroyed. Germany and Japan troyed in the last World war. But with Marsha Aid omtheashes im a quciktime. humanvaleuss and goodtilled into us from our early daya and cammot be bought er for money. . . . . . . What is urgenty needed is a hat would bind all our communities in some common onal Government to work for the good of the whole introduce English as a common language 2 This will Nm communal barriers and help our students to learn a which is so necessary in the world today. We have in orld statesman and a leader who commands the trust our President - a man of wisdom and humility sistency - who has devoted his whole life to the tion and a Prime Ministar who is dedicated to of the poor irrespective of colour, caste or Creed. the government im our country's darkest hour.

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EDITOR'S NOTEBOOK
Indo-Sri Lanka
Colombo, August 20:
A very important and significant development is the new relationship that has arisen between the JayeWardene Government im Sri Lanka and the indira Gandhi Government in India. The visit of the Indian Foreign Minister, Narasimha Rao, to Colombo ven during the recent disturbances and the visit thereafter of President Jayewardena's personal TYoy. Mr. H. W. Jayewardene to New Delhi have helped to establish a degree of understanding Ween the two governments essenta inder the Circumstances.
Indira Gandhi in a series of statements in the Indian Parliament, at press conferences and at public meetings, had made it clear that india stood for the "independence, unity and integrity of Sri anka" and also that "India does not interefere in the internal affairs of other countries'. These statements have dispelled misunderstandings that the Central Government of india had sympathy for Eelam and the terrorists and that it was inclined to interfere in the domestic affairs of this Country. These misunderstandings had arisenbecause of
the Statement and activities of some politicians in Tamil Nadu who have long cherished dreams of an independent Dravidastan but which they could not hope to achieve in India because any movement for Separation and secession were illegal under the Indian Constituion and the Law. It is also unfortunate that Some terrorists were not only able to have hide-outs in Tamil Nadu but also play Sri Lankan politics in South India. Protest marches, threats to cross the Palk Straits and dark hints about Bangladesh had also created fears and apprehensions in this island that further undermined the good relations between the two Countries. It reached fever pitch when a confidential discussion between a Secretary in the Indian External Affairs Ministry and or High Commissioner in lindia was blown out of, all proportion so that there was series over-reaction in the Sri Lanka preSS.
All this is behind us now. The Island of August 6 1983 in an editorial brought the position of indoSri Lanka relations up to date: "The Government of India and particularly its spokesman External Affairs Minister Narasinha Rao, who had put the record Straight in the Lok Sabha on the situation in Sri Lanka, should be commended for their sober and dispassionate approach to the shameful and unfortunate incidents which have been taking place in Sri Lanka since last Monday. We ourselves have had reason as late as the end of last month to find fault with the Government of India for some of its bumbling attempts at expressing concern about the
2

situation in Sri Lanka, but in this case the Indian Government and Prime Minsiter Gandhi must be Congratulated for a level-headed attitude towards problems at a time of admitted national strain. India being Sri Lanka's closest neighbour and a country which has a large mass of people originally hailing from there within our shores is naturally concerned with anything that might affect the Way of life of the Sri Lankan Tamil community. Though the Sri Lankan Tamil is an integral part of the country's ethos he largely identifies himself with the way of life and culture of the Dravidian areas within the Indian Sub-Continent. This is the great tradition of which Sri Lankan Tami culture is abut a part. These are realities which there is no point in shying away from and it is these realities which make the Tamil Nadu State Government putting pressure on the Indian Government to intervene at the slightest whiff of ethnic problems in Sri Lanka.
"The Central Government, however, has to be commended for maintaining a sense of proportion and balance in the midst of the easily whipped-up hysteria which recent events have made it easy to generate. The perceptive speech made in the Lok Sabha by Minister Rao should be carefully studied for the concern it exudes towards the admittedly unt fortunate happenings and india's own stand of balancing the duties of good neighbourliness with its concern for the Tamil people of Sri Lanka. Mr. Rao has refused to surrender to the mass hysteria of the times and this is a salutary lesson for all of us during these troubled days. The Tamil Nadu votaries of Tamil Eelam however, would do well to keep in mind that the might do more harm than good to the cause of they Tami people in Sri Lanka by their current posturings. Tmis is all the more so because the issue is still one of the sore points with Sinhala opinion here at a time of admittedly hyper-Sensitive communal feelings.
'There are enough people in Sri Lanka who have been horrified by the recent atrocities and have roundly condemned these beastial deeds for the World to know that as a people Sri Lankans are not ready to condone the work of masty jingoists. But no purpose will be served by loose talk and irresponsible rhetoric. The MPs of the DMK for example, are said to have walked out of the Lok Sabha protesting against the despatch of essentials like kerosine to Sri Lanka. What kind of politics is this ? is it the position of the DMK that it is ready to cut off its nose to spite its own face 2. When people have been rendered homeless and thrown into-makeshift refugee camps to bear alone the loaf of their misery what does the DMK hope to achieve by preventing essential commodities being transported to Sri Lanka? As we have said repeatedly during the last few days, the time for recriminations will come but the need of the hour is to repair the terrible national damage inflicted by the recent ravages,
TRIBUNE, AUGUST 27; 1983

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This process will not be aided one bit by the contor. tions of the DMK's minons whether in Madras or New Delhi."
On August 9, President Jayewardene's personal envoy, Mr. H. W. Jayewardene, went to New Delhi, He returned on the evening of the 12th. The Daily Wews on August 13, under the headlines: NDRA TELLS LOK SABHA "WE DON'T MEDDLE IN OTHERS INTERNAL AFFAIRS': INDIA STANDS FOR LANKA'S UNITY AND INTEGRITY: DELHI LAUNCHES RELIEF FUND WITH RS. 20 M, said: indian Prime Minister indira Gandhi yesterday told the Lok Sabha that lndia stands for the "imdependence, unity and integrity of Sri Lanka and does not interfere in the internal affairs of other countries'. This assurance had been given to Mr. H. W. Jayewardene O.C., the special envoy of President J. R. Jayewardene who had two rounds of talks
with Mrs. Gandhi in New Delhi. President Jaye
wardene had agreed to consider the release of detenues not already convicted 'and any other proposal which would give the Tamil minority their due share in the affairs of the country within the framework of a united Sri Lanka', provided the separate state demand is dropped, Mrs. Gandhi said. A Sri Lanka government spokesman Said in Colombo that the abandoing of the separatist cry was basic to what observers here considered a very generous offer. In the course of her statement on the events in Sri Lanka, the ndian leader announced that she was launching a Sri Lanka Relief Fund and a Sri Lanka Relief Fund Committee which she will be chairing. A Rs. 10 million initial contribution is being made to this Fund from the Prime Minister's National Relief Fund . . . . . .:
The Daily Wews published the full text of Mrs Gandhi's statement in the Indian Parliament : 'Last Week announced that the President of Sri Lanka was sending a personal representative to New Delhi to discuss the situation in Sri Lanka with me. Mr. H. W. Jayewardene, the special emissary is now in Delhi. He has had discussions with me as also with our Minister for External Affairs. conveyed to Mr. Jayewardene the deep concern of our Parliament and of the people of india at the recent happings in Sri Lanka and our distress at the human suffering resulting thereform. We have always condemned such violent killings discrimination. Especially when the victims are defenceless. I took the opportunity to reassure Mr. Jayewardene that india Stands for the independence, unity and integrity of Sri Lanka. India does not interfere in the interna affairs of other countries. However, because of the historical, Cultural and such other close ties between the peoples of the two countries, particularly between the Tamil community of Sri Lanka and us, India cannot remain unaffected by such events there. Mr. Jayewardene told us that the situation in Sri Lanka is fast returing to normal. According to him, the number of people
in refugee camps has come down from 80,000 to .
TRIBUNE, AUGUST 27, 1983
S

30,000. He said that most people are returing to their homes, but the government would still be left with the problem of the Severalthousand people who have been rendered homeless. The Sri Lanka authorities are making arrangements for their relief and rehabilitation for which a special agency of the government has been set up.
"The tragic sufferings of Indian nationals and the people of Indian origin living in Sri Lanka have aroused spontaneous sympathy from all Sections of our people. This was movingly expressed in debates in our Parliament in the last few days, to those who have suffered in the disturbances. The Government of India is doing whatever it can to render relief to the affected persons, But this is a big task which the government cannot accomplish alone; public cooperation is important. have therefore decided to constitute a 'Sri Lanka Relief Fund and a 'Sri Lanka Relief Fund Committee' under my chairmanship with an initial contribution of Indian Rs. 1 crore from the Prime Minister's National Relief Funf. I appeal to my fellow citizens, including those living abroad to contribute generously to the fund and thereby express their anguish and Sym - pathy for the unfortunate victims of this senseless violence in a tangible and positive manner. In reply to my questions about the recent law vesting damaged and abandoned properties in the government, Mr. Jayewardene explained that this measure was taken in the interest of the affected perSons to prevent distress sales, unlawful occupation and other such possible misule.
"I comyeyed to Mr. Jayewardene that while measures were being taken to meet the immediate situation, the process to find a permanent solution to satisfy the legitimate inspirations and ensure the security of the Tamil minority will have to be urgently initiated. Mr. Jayewardene has conveyed the following information to me; The President had intended to place before the round table conference which could not be held., certain proposals which included; (a) Full implementation of law relating to the District Development Councils; (b) The use of the Tamil as provided for in the Constitution as a national anguage; (c) To initiate a dialogue on amnesty on condition that violence will be given up; (d) Disontinuance of the active role of the armed forces in Jaffna on the cessation of terrorist violence and e) the repeal of the Prevention of Tedrrorism Act. addition if the idea of separate state is abandoned he President is willing to discuss the release of hose detained in prisons not already convicted or waiting trial. And to implement any other assurance iontained in the 1977 manifesto of the UN P. A am haring this information with honeourable members.
expressed my view that these proposals may not neet the aspirations of Tamil mimority. Mr. Jayewardene told me that the Sri Lankan Govemment willing to consider any other proposals which
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woud give the Tamil minority their due share in the affairs of their country within the frame-work of a United Sri Lanka.
'I gave my view that discussion between the government and the Tamil community on this broader basis would be useful and that a solution has to be sought at the conference table. offered our good offices in whatever manner they may be needed. Mr. Jayewardene expressed his appreciation of this offer made in the context of the tradituinal friendly ties between our countries. He later infomed me that his Presidential welcomes the offer. The need of the hour is to reduce tensions and establish Confidence. I hope that all concerned will feel able to meet at the conference table in an atmosphere of goodwill and mutual trust to sette their problems: Through Mr. Jayewardene, the President of Sri Lanka has conveyed an invitation to our parliamen to send an all-party delegation to visit Sri Lanka. The House will agree that the situation arising out of the events in Sri Lanka is serious and highly complex, and needs careful handling. The government is dealing with it appropriately and will continue . to remain in close touch with the government of Sri Lanka and others concerned. appeal to the house and all sections of our people not to take any step which could result in aggravating the problems and hardships of the Tamils in Sri Lanka, and that at the same time make it more difficult for us to help on the immediate task of relief and rehabilitation as well as of finding a lasting solution.'
The Daily News also published a PTI report from Delhi in a front-page box - MARCHERS WAll BE STOPPED: 'India will not allow the anti-lanka agitators to cross over to Sr Lanka from its shores. No illegal crossing of India will be permitted. The Spokesman of the External Affairs Ministry told newsmen yesterday. He was replying to a query on the proposal of some 1,000 odd anti-lanka agitators to pick up boats at Rameshwaram on the Indian side of the Palk Straits and crossover. Asked whether any meeting was planned between the Prime Minister Mrs. Indira Gandhi and The TULF leader Mr. Amirthalingam, the spokesman said he had only seen press reportS to that effect.
indira Gandhi's statement in the Indian Parliament and the statements she has made at press conferences and in her speech from the ramparts of the Red Fort on Indian Independence Day have, to say the least, opened a new chapter in Indo-Lanka relations. Even those who for various reasons have misguidedly entertained anti-Indian and anti-indira sentiments have, for the moment, been silenced. But any anti-ism dies hard. But in all matters political progress always comes from a synthesis being ஐ through dialectical contradictions of opposing
OTCeS.
4.

Whatever views many had held about india or the Indira Gandhi government, there is near uananimity in the country that the role she and the Central Government have played has been significant not merely for Indo-Lanka relations, but also in the geopolitical panaroma of South Asia and the Indian Ocean.
What is the sum and substance of Indira Gandhi's political statements and diplomatic moves in the wake of the recent events in Sri Lanka
indira Gandhi has once again reiterated (more forcefully than ever) that india (a) firmly supported the independence , sovereignty and unity of Sri Lanka and (b) does not interfere in the domestic affairs of other countries. It is also clear that this position has been accepted not only by the ruling Congress Party but by all Opposition parties. The outpourings of a few south Indian politicians in support of Eelam do not constitute Indian or even mainstream Tamil Nadu opinion.
Indira Gandhi, in the special circumstances of recent disturbances in Sri Lanka and in view of the long and traditional ties between the two countries, offered her good offices to initiate a dialogue between the Government and the Tamil leaders. This was accepted by President Jayewardene on the condition that the demand for s separate Eelam would be dropped and that negotiations would be Within the framework of a united Sri Lanka. As d" Gandhi's offer of mediation was on the basis of a unitary state, there was agreement between the two governments on this matter.
There is also no doubt that indira Gandhi and the Indian Government fully backed the duly elected President J. R. Jayewardene, and his government as the only one that could bring peace and calm to the country and also resolve the problems of the Tamil minority within the framework of a unitary state. Though the Indian press was unhappy about the devastation and the suffering caused in the disturbances, there was and is near uanimity that President Jayewardene is the only person who could be counted upon to save the situation. The Overwhelming majority of people in Sri Lanka too share this opinion.
India has already extended assistance in many ways, food, medicines, clothing, ships etc. Many other countries too have rushed in with assistance. But India's offer of her good offices to bring about a fresh dialogue between the government and the Tamil minorities is a new land mark in Indo-Lanka relations. In and editorial on August 14, the Sunday Observer stated: 'Prime Minister Gandhi's statement to the Indiam Parliament om Friday makes very clear indeed the attitude of our vast neighbour. Mrs. Gandhi reaffirmed the basic principles of Indian policy and, expectedly, that the ancient and abiding ties between the
TRIBUNE AUGUST 27, 1983

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two countries dominated Indian thinking. While, to quote Mrs. Gandhi, India does not interfere in the internal affairs of other countries, historical, cultural and other close ties prevent India from being unaffected by Sri Lankan affairs. When Sri Lanka prospers, India is happy. When Sri Lanka has troubles, Whether they are natural disaters like flood and pestilence of wherther they are the man made explosions of violence such as those of July's last week, India is concerned.
'Special Envoy H. W. Jayewardene's talks with Mrs. Gandhi have been an outstanding success. They gave indian people and the world the basic facts of the situation, and the context in which the evil roots of the violence could be studied, understood and torn up. We shall not repeat the five points which Mrs. Gahdhi placed before the Indian Parliament. But we ask that all Sri Lankans read them again, So that whenever the Tami people come up for discussion, the guidelines will be clear. We Say, read them again because none of the points are new. They have been repeatedly offered as the basic for Settlement by the Jayewardene government but . extremist influences in North Sri Lanka clouded them over with separatist propaganda and terrorist action. The civilised, round table conference technique was always available to discuss the disabilities of the Tamil people and erase them. The government has kept doors open for all men of goodwill to c\ear the political air, get down to legal and administrative action and so remove disabilities not only from the Tamil community but from all groups at any disadvantage.
'But the politics of terror, whether it be extremist or terrorist interfered. The variations of these politics fange from Eelam Tigers to the Tamil people cowed by them, from local Tamil intellectuals and Tamils abroad ever ready to sully the good name of their country from the vast majority of Tamils who want to live peacefully with their multi-racial, multi-religious Sri Lankan neighbour to the traders of indian origin who only want to trade, the mix is complex but it need not be confusing. When we think back on July's bloody week, there is an overwhelming Sadness that it happened. Property and possessions destroyed can be rebuilt, restored in the way other countries have recovered from destruction. The will to survive, to Survive and to succeed is one of the human being's better attributes. But what of those who suffered in their hearts and minds , with lives lost, with human relationships damaged and hearts and homes having grievous blows in spirit 2 They need the special Solicitude of the many fortunate who were only inconvenienced and worried in July's last week. The rebuilding of Sri Lanka in mind, spirit and materially can be done starting now with acts of Compassion and then, when the roundtable conference work out long term solutions, with the support of a Constitution and practi ces in law and living which
TRIBUNE, AUGUST 27, 1983

recognize no Separatist and extremist activity. To this the people of Sri Lanka will devote themselves and be happy that Imdia understands and wil help in any way that great country can. And so with outfriends in the World, from the members of the United Nations and the Non-Aligned. Let us seek blessings, each within our own faiths and religions, that success will come sooner than even the most optimistic of us can hope for."
As a result of the new understanding between India and Sri Lanka on this matter, TULF leader Mr. Amirthalingam flew to Delhi late on the 14th to meet the Indian Prime Minister. He reached the Indian capital on the 15th morning. As a result of these talks, Indira Gandhi had asked President Jayewardene if he would receive her personal envoy Mr. G. Parthasarathi to continue the discussions that may help to bring the parties to the negotiating table. Mr. Jayewardene has said that he would be happy to receive Mr. Parthasarathi.
To be continued. . . ,
INDIAN COUNCL OF SOCAL SCIENCE
Documentation Centre
By S. P. Agrawal
Director.
THE SOCIAL SCIENCE DOCUMENTATION CENTRE was set up in 1970 by Indian Council of Social Science Reserch. The CSSR is an autonomous organisation established in 1969 by the Government of India. Its objectives are to sponsor and promote reserch in social science and facilitate its utilisation, which it does by awarding grants for reserch, and disseminating knowledge concerning the Social sciences. Like any special Set up, the SSDC has had to adapt to the organisation it serves and ICSSR's unique positfan made SSDC task a peculiar challenge which it has tried to meet with the help of the following programmes and activities: (a) Building up a collection of references materials; (b) Collecting (i) unpublished doctoral theses approved by indian Universities, and (ii) reserch reports of the projects undertaken by ICSSR and other Social Science Reserch Institutions assisted by ICSSR; (c) Establishing duplicating, reprographic and microfilming units; (d) Striving for bibliographic control over Social science materials; (e) providing select bibliographies on request and (f) Awarding study grants to scholars for working at libraries of their interest.
Library :
Working hours : The Library remains open through
out the year except three national holidays (26tr January, 15th August and 2nd October). The reading
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room is open from 8 a. m. to 8 p.m. (Monday through Friday) and 9. 30 a. m. to 5. 30 p.m. (Saturdays and Sundays and gazetted holidays). The reference unit is open from 9, 30 a.m. to 5. 30 p.m. only. These hours may, however, very during /rush /lean periods. All other units of the SSDC LRC work on a five day week basis (Monday to Friday - from 9. 30 a.m. to 5. 30 p.m. and close Saturday, Sunday and other gazetted holidays)
Collection :
i. The Centre has a collection of back files of yabout 90,000 of scoai science periodicals. Current issues of most of the Indian periodicals are regularly received in addition, indeting and abstracting Social science periodicals such as Social Science Citation index, Social Science index, Socioological A bstracts, Psychological Abstracts etc., are also available for consulatation.
ii. The Library has a good collection of basic reference Works in social sciences including biblio9phies indexes, abstracts etc. It has also a large collection of books on reserch methodology in
ocial Sciences, social indicators and on status of Women.
iii. The library keeps al CSSR priced/non-- Priced publications including those for which the Council has provided publication grants. This Collection of the Council is further augumented by the several abstracting ournals of the Council such as CSSR Abstracts in Psychology., Sociology, Ge9raphy, Economics, Political Science, Public Adminis tration, Indian Dissertation Abstracts and Reserch Abstracts quarterly.
V. Of Special significance to Ph.D. students and other researchers in social science is the library's collection of unpublished Ph.D. theses and Reserch Project reports in social sciences. Efforts are made to obtain a copy of every unpublished doctoral theses in Social Sciences accepted by Indian Universities and also foreign unpublished theses on India. So far about 2,000 Ph.D. theses and 1000 research projects have been collected.
v. The following publications including journals are available on microfilm/microfiche in the library (i) Annals of Indian Administration ; (ii) Anthropological Society of Bombay Journal; (iii) Bombay Geographical Society Journal; (iv) Economic Working Papers (UK); (v) Gujarat Reserch Society Journal; (vi) indian Lingustics; (vii) Psychological Abstracts ; (viii) Social Action (ix) Shama, (R.A.) - A Bibliography of Mughal india, 15261707; and (x) Thurston, (E) and Ramachari (K)-Casu -tes and Tribes of Sourthern India. 7 vols ; (xi) Ph.D these and reserch reports.

Services:
The SSDC provides the following services to patrons in order to ensure access to and optimum use of published and unpublished material and equipment: Inter-Library Loan: Through interlibrary loan, the SSDC/ILRC has access to library material not available at 35, Ferozshah Road. Books and Phltos duplicated periodical articles may be requested, through inter-library loan at the reference desk. This service is usually restricted to ICSSR officers/staff and visiting scholars under study grant scheme. However, material owned by Libraries in Delhi can be requested by other bona fide scholars who make use of the library. Normally, the facility is not open to outstation scholars. For additional information including specifics on Costrefereence desk or inter-library loan desk may be Contacted. V,
Reprographic Service: it provides single or multiple copies of articles/test fro documents, subject to the provisions of the copyright Act, and the possibility of making a photocopy without damaging the Library's original, to officers, staff members of the ICSSR and other scholars/institutions, to be used for reserch purposes only. These Services are available on week days only. The rates at present are 60 paise per exposure for the first copy and 15 paise for Subsequent copies. In addition to this, services in CycloStyling/rotating/stencil cutting etc. are also provided on payment. For information about scheduling, Reprographic Services Unit(Tel.381571) may be contated.
Bibliographies on Demand: SSDC provides short bibliographies on a specific subject om demand. There is a miminal charge of Rs. 5/- for 100 references or a part thereof. This service of providing bibliographies tailored to tethe needs of the research scholars has proved very popular.
References Services :
References querids in the field of social science are entertained om telephone in persons and though correspondence. Efforts are made to help sholars/ Institutions in tracing details of publications, verifying references and locating documents. Information about the document(s) required, ful details of the source of citation of the reference and replies, of any, from other sources already tapped, may be provided for prompt seruice. Referral Services: in the event of lack of or insufficient material at the library, an information seekefr is directed to other sources, institutional or induvidual, where his needs, can be adequately met. Consultancy Services : Advice and guidance for proper development of documentation activity of reserach organisation in Social ensioces is provided. Six lindian
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institutions and one international organisation, namely office of the Regional Adviser in social science, in Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok availe this service during 1978-82.
Major Activities/Projects :
Activities. In addition to the above services, SSDC is engaged in the following activities: Exchange. Exchange of CSSR publications has been an important activity which has widened the network of SSDC services. The SSDC has accordingly, developed comprehensive exchange arrangements with several institutions in lndia and abroad. At present, more than one thousand agencies are on exchange list covering about 9000 periodicals. International Collaboration : (i) SSDC acts as an Indian correspondent for international bibloigraphies in Soccial Sciences. It provides lists of Indian books on Economics, Political Science and scociology to international Committee for Social Science Documentation, Paris for their respective volumes of bibliographies; (ii) it provides data for international Bulletin of bibliography on Education (BIBE). Bidbliographical detail of 1105 Indian books published from 1979-81 have already been provided; (iii) Informati,in about reserch institutions, social scientists and information Centre in India was also collected on behalf of UNESCO for its data base during 1982.
Inter-Library Resources Centre :
LRC was set up in collaborations with Jawaharlal Nehru University in 1975 inviting local libraries to deposit their non-current, infrequently used but important-for-reserarch, seriels (i.e., Govt. reports ., journals, newspapers etc.) with this centre at 35 Ferozshah Road, 38 libraries in Delhi have So far deposited their periodicals- serials at the Centre Recently about 55,000 volumes have beed shifted to the space acquired in Jawaharlala Nehru University Library, New Mehrauli Roqd, New Delhi.
To be concluded. . . . .
军 C
FOR THE RECORD
Negombo Catholic Clergy Statement
TAM IS IN SOUTH DON'T WANT EELAM”
We, the Catholic priests of the district of Negombo wish to express our concern regarding the situation prevailing in the country and would like to appeal
TRIBUNE, AUGUST 27, 1883

to all persons and groups to help in working out a lasting solution to our problems.
We wish to state categorically our view that the Catholics in this predominantly Catholic area are totally opposed to the cry for eelam or a separate State. It is not a feasible solution for a small country like ours. Further almost 1/3rd of the entire Tamil population are living here in the South among us and hope to continue to do so. From the discussions We have had with groups of Tamils living here, we are aware that they do not want a separate state, but hesitate to take a stand for fear of reprisals from the terrorists. We wish to state that the just grievances of both communities must be identified and settled by mutual understading and through constitutional means. In seeking a solution we wish the Tamil community to understand that the majority community ..f e, the Sinhala people have their own greievancen which are the outcome of long years of colonist rule during which time the Tamils and the differeal Christian denominations were the priviledged section.
The Sinhala people are actuely conscious of the dire poverty of the large mass of Sinhala peasants both in the hill country and outside, perhaps to a degree greater than those of the North or of the workers of lndian origin on the tea estates Housing, employment lack of educational facilities and malnutrition are some of the problems that the Sinhala peasants face. We wish to remind our own people that the reversals of wrong of historical origins cannot be effected by having recourse to the idea, methods and norms of the 16th or the 19th century, but in the light of today's concept of the dignity and value of each human person : the universally accepted rights of minority groups and races and by very humane but effective methods
There has been a very legitimate upsurge of Sinhala nationalism since independence and an effort has been made to right the wrongs of cen turies of colonial rule. We have seen this happen in the spheres of religion, language, education and employment, generally achieved by peaceful and constitutional means. We pose the question as to whether in the rush to redress grievances we have overlooked the due rights of the minority groups The majority groups must now consider these questions with a sense of maturity and responsibility. The Tamil people must distinguish between what is theirs by right as human beings, citizens of the country and as a minority group and what they have acquired as priviledged under sponsorship of colonia ru 1ers. We state this because the Sinhala people readily accept some of the grievances but reject those that stem from priveledges acquired under colonial rule. Failure to understand this has resulted in demands which are unacceptable to the Sinhala people.
7

Page 10
We wish to remind the Tami people that to continue on the path of terrorism either openly or covertly or to entertain dreams of a separate state through foreign intervention could only result in meaningless bloodshed and self destruction of the nation as a whole. This is a crucial moment where leaders of Stature must decide on a correct course guided not by emotions but by wisdom. The recent upsurge of violence is very unfortunate. The frustrations build up during the course of years due to the failure to meet the just demands of the Tamil people and the failure on that part of the Tamil people to understand the legitimate aspirations of the Sinhala people has resulted in the spawing of terrorists group in the North. Continuous acts of violence and murder spread out over a period of years aimed at persons, property and state institutions, crippling the state administrations in the North burning of buses, trains and culminating in the murder of 13 soldiers resulted in violent retaliation from the Sinhala masses. Hoodlums took to the Streets in a frenzy of arson: looting and murder. The mobs were perhaps roused by interested parties for their own purposes leaving rowms and cities Wrecked and destroyed. We note also that the violent reprisals in 1977 and 1981 were the result of stepped up campaigns for a separate state; vicious and false propaganda campaigns abroad, and above all the very provocative acts of violence by the terrorists.
We cannot help but ask the questions as to whether these acts were deliberate attempts to provoke reprisals in order to gain leverage at international levels. Our people resisted the urge to retaliate on many occasions with the awareness that retaliation would only help the terrorists to attain their goals. On the other hand on each of these occasions both the Sinhala Buddhists and the Sinhala Christians befriended and provided Safe refugee to their Tamil brethered in the South at considerable risk to themselves. Continuing acrs of terrorism could only exhaust the patience and perhaps the capacity of the well-meaning Sinhala Buddhists and Christians to be of assistance in the future. We are very concerned about the reports Sent to the meeting of the World Councils of churches in Vancouver and the broadcasts over Radio Veritas regarding the incidents in Sri Lanka. To the best our knowledge some of these reports are complete fabrications, others are exaggerated beyond recognition.
We regret that during the course of the past few years in an effort to obtain international support and finance for the Tamil cause, a massive propaganda camapaign has been launched in abroad in Western Countries giving a totally distorted picture of the problems and the events in the country. Interested parties also see to it that visitors to the country are given a highly biased view of the situation here
8

When these distortions are reported back here they only add to the frustration and anger of the Sinhala people. We call upon our Tamil brethers to eschew violence and terrorism and request them to call upon their leaders to seek out peaceful means of achieving ressonable demands. We call upon them to give up the meaningless efforts to establish a separate state by unlawful means. We call upon the Sinhala people to help the government in its program of redressing the real grievances of the Tamil people So that communal harmony can be established once and for all.
The manifesto of the ruling party sets out the grievances of the Tamil people. We call upon the leaders of the North to accept the invitation of the President of our country to work out a solution at a round table conference as a reasonable way out of the present statement. We request the leaders of all political parties specially the main Sinhala parties to leave aside all difference and participatein resolving this problem once and for all. If it is not resolve now it will continue to plague every political party that comes into power in the future. We feel that any party that refuses to participate will not be acting in the best interest of the nation as a whole. We make an earnest appeal to all party leaders to come together and work out a lasting solution. We call upon both races to come together to live in fellowship and brotherhood, working together for the welfare of each other land of our and where we have lived together for over a thousand years. We abhor all forms of violence from whatever quarter it comes We stand for the concept of a Dhamma Dweepa. based on the values of the great religious teachers. We Stand for a unitted Sri Lanka.
C. W. C. Statement
We reproduce below the text of the statement of the Ceylon Workers Congreess as published by the Sun on Tuesday August 16 1983, no doubt after approval by the Competent Authority.
The National Council of the Ceylon Workers' Congress has authorised its office bearers to discuss with President Jayewardene the various immediate and long-term measures that need to be taken to enable the people of Indian origin to continue to live in this country with dignity, safety and security as equals with the rest of the population, within the framework of an united Sri Lanka.
The National Council adopted the following statement at an emergency meeting under the Chairmanship of S. Thondaman, Minister of Rural Industrial Development and President of the CWC.
TRIBUNE, AUGUST 27, 1983

Page 11
VOLENCE AGAINST THE TAMIL MINORITY which has been a permanent feature of Sri Lanka's political scene during the past three decades has erupted once again on a large scale with unprecedented Savagery. Organized groups went om a rampage unchecked for nearly a week, destroying and looting property, setting houses and establishment on fire and killing and maiming the innocent and defenceless victims while the guardians of the law remained inactive and in some instances even encouraged and assisted the lawlessness. We are deeply grieved that this wave of violence has been unleashed even before the wounds inflicted by the criminals in August 1981 had healed. The vast majority of the peace loving Tamils who by hard work and frugality have helped to build the economy of this country, have been rendered destitute, overnight. There is substantial evidence to beleive that the events of the last week of July are not a sudden and spontaneous outburst of the Sinhala population against the Tamils. It appears that a concerted attempt has been made by means of a carefully laid out plan over a long period of time to destroy the houses and belongings of persons of Indian origin in the professions and trade. The objective of the exercise appears to be to deny this community all avenues of progress and condemn them to a permanent state of captive labour. Large number of estate workers have also been affected.
Even before the riots began in Colombo, the attack on the Tamil settlers in the Mannar, Vavuniya and Trincomalee areas had been set in motions It is significant that communal violence on a large Scale commenced with the burning of the huts of settlers in Trincomalee. They were uprooted from their homes in the early hours of the morning of July 23 bundled and brought against their WW to Nuwara Eliya and Hatton and left as destitutes. The failure to regularise the land holdings of stateless persons and other people of Indiam origim in the North, through a dialogue with the Minister of Rural Industrial Development and President of the Ceylon Workers' Congress has been a major contributory factor to this sad state of affairs which We are witnessing today. Instead of implementing the declared policy of regularising the settlement of persons of Indiam origin in these areas, where they Were transported and dumped as refugees After the previous holcoausts, a concerted attempt had been made to drive them out of their holding. under various false pretexes. This had been further intensified around the middle of July when the Police and the Security personnel set in motion a wave of terror intimidating the settlers and driving them away. In order to legalise this programmes a proposal was presented 'For prevention of encroachements and illicit settlements in Sri Lanka the prevention of unlawful activities of any individual group or individuls, associations, organisation, or body of
TRIBUNE, AUGUST 27, 1983

persons within Sri Lanka . . . . . . . which include some of the obnoxious provisions of the Prevention of Terrorism Act like detention without trial for up to 18 months, power to GA or AGA without giving consent to authorise Police, Army or Navy to demolish buildings etc., thus branding settlers as terrorists. r.
N THE BACKDROP OF RECURRING WAVES OF VIOLENCE, the CWC points out that these acts of Savagery, discrimination and displacement have been practised in spite of the unstinted cooperation that the CWC has extended to the Government and the whole hearted support the people of indian origin gave during the Presidnetial election and the Referendum that no compensation has been paidto date to the victims of the earlier violence and noné of those responsible have been punished. The CWC is also compelled to reiterate that the plantation workers have been consistently denied wage increases, educational, medical, social and welfare benefits extended to either sectors of the population which is once again a blatant act of discrimination. In this context the granting of citizenship alone is sufficient as evidenced by the acts of discrimination and violence even against Tamil citizens of Sri Lanka. There should be a complete change of attitude for which the essential pre-requisite is the restructuring and re-orientation of the administrative machinery. The CWCtherefore authorises the office bearers:
1. To discuss with the President the various immediate and long-term measures that need to bo taken to enable the people of Indian origin to continue to live in this country with dignity, safety and security as equals with the rest of the populae tions within the framework of a united Sri Lanka and to report back the results of such discussions and settlement within one month from the date of this meeting.
2. To discuss with the President the general problems of the Tamil national minority in this country referred to in the letter dated March 29 1983 written by Mr. S. Thondaman on behalf of the CWC to the President and ascertain what proposals he has to solve these problems so that the CWC may take meaningful steps to see whether a reconciliation can be brought about as these problems if unsolved will vitally affect the interests of the Tamils of indian origin in this country.
3. To discuss with the Government of India the present predicament of the people of Indiam origin in Sri Lanka and request India to open its doors to all people of Indian origin be they citizens of Sri Lanka or stateless to enter and settle down in lndia if they so desire within six months and to provide them all facilities and opportunities to 9

Page 12
rehabilitate themselves in their new encirons with the support of the international community if need be.
4. To call upon the meternational Conferderation of Free Trade Unions to which the CWC is affiliated the intermational Trade Secretaries UN Agencies and other friendly international organisations to help the rehabilitation in India of the displaced perSons.
Govt Notice
The Land Acquisition Act (Cap. 460). As Amended by The Land Acquisition Amendment Act No. 28 of 964.
Notice Under Section 7 (1)
Ref No. 25.41247
It is intended to acquire the land described in the Schedule below for a public purpose. For further particulars please see Gazette Extraordinary of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka No. 257/19 of 12. 8, 83
S C H E D U LE
Situation : Situatad in Ambepussa Village Keeraweli Pattu East, Beligal Korale West D.R.O's Division in Kegalle District
Alan AVo. : P. Plan 1838
Lok Wo 1 2 Wanne of Land : Naidegewatta
Chitra Athurugriya Assistant Government Agent,
Kegalle District.
The Kachcheri, Kegalle, 04 , 07, 1983
 

The Land Acquisition Act (Cap 460) as amended by the Acquisition (Amendment) Act No. 28 of 1964 NOTICE UNDER SECT ON 7
Ref No. 3168 Mahaweli 13991 J. 76. L. 244
It is intended to acquire the Land/Lands described in the Schedule below. For further particulars see Gazette Extraordinary of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, No. 257 1 12 of 11. 8. 83.
Nanne of Village etc
Wame of land:-
S C H E D U E
Katugampalagama Village, Patanegama G.S's Division No. 20, Galgamuwa D. R. O's Divisionin in Kurunegala District. VK.
Thammannewekumbura, Tammannawekengahawatta, Katugampalagamayaya, Diulgahakumbura, Karan dagahakumbura, Attalangekumbura, Galmi leissara, Katugampalagamakumbura, Gelmulleissara, Walaissara, Helambagahaissara, Thammannewewa ldama, Thammanmewekomgahayaya, Pansalawatta, Pansalekumbura, Katugampalagamekuthandiyaya, Katugampalayaya, Aliyawettunuyaya, Attalange lssara Pethanegamakumbura, Galpitiyaya Schoolawatta, Devagamakumbura, Thammennawiekumbura, Thammen
naweyayakumbura. Plan and Lot No :- 3 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 12, 14, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 28, 29, 31, 32, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 45, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 75, 78, 85, 89, 91, 92, 93, 99, 108, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53, 54, 109, 112, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 122, 124, 125, 126, 129, 133, 134, 137, 142, 144, 145, 146, 147, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213. 214, 215 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247 248, 249, 250, 251, 252. The Kachcheri, H. M. W. Chandraratne Kurunegala, District Land Officer, 06. O7, 1983 Kurnnegala District

Page 13
SRI LANKA CHRONICLE
August 8 - 4
D'ARY OF EVENTS IN SR LANKA COMPLED FROM DALY NEWSPAPERS PUBLISHED N COOMBO
DN-Daily News, CDM-Daily Mirror; EO-Evening Observer; ST-Sunday Times; SO-Sunday Observer; DM-Dinaminal LD-Lankadipa, WK-Virakesari; ATH-Aththa; S/M-Silumina , SLDP-Sri Lankadipa; JD-Janadina, SU-Sun, DV-Davasa DP-Dinapathi CM-Chinthamani; WK-Weekend, RW-Riviresa; DK-Dinakara, E/W-EelanadulS-lsland; D-Divaina IDPR-information Dept. Press Release.
MONDAY, AUGUST 8: President J. R. Jayewardene yesterday gazetted the estabilishment of a new Ministry of Rehabilitation of Property and industries that will be responsible for rebuilding and rehabilitating riot-hit factories and homes. TULF members Will not attend Parliament in future, Vavuniya MP. T. Sivasithamparam said yesterday. The government yesterday announced that in nine administrative districts – Colombo, Gampaha, Kalutara, Matale, Nuwera Eliya, Badulla, Ratnapura and Kegalle ---- the curfew will operate from 10 p.m. today to 4 a.m. tomorrow. The curfew will be lifted altogether in all other parts of the country. The executive committee of the Palestine Liberation Organisation yesterday named a 15-member commission to monitor the Syriam-Palestiniana crisis, and to "contribute to resolving' dissent within the PLO's main branch All atah-DN. Essential Services Commissioner Mr. Bradman Weerakoon has taken on another task, this too, humanitarian, channeling inward remittances from Sri Lankan expatriate workers abroad to recipients now in refugee centres or who have had to leave their homes-CDM. The Parliamentary Group of the Tamil United Liberation Front which met in Vavuniya decided last morning that they would keep away when Parliament meets tomorrow. H. W. Jayewardene O. C. will leave for India tomorrow as President J. R. Jayewardene's special emissary, Mr. JayeWardene's visit is expected to further strengthen the bonds of cordiality and friendship between the two countries. Over 12,000 displaced persons were transported to Jaffna, Batticoloa and the upcountry over the weekend-SU. The Tamil United liberation Front MPs will not attend Parliament until the party's Politbureau meets to decide its future course of action regarding the sixth amendment to the Constitution. Government will send a team of valuers to visit establishments and property damaged by last week's disturbances and make an on-the-spot assessment of the damage caused. Nearly Rs. 200 million worth of looted goods have been redovered by the Security Forces throughtout the island, according to Police Headquarters-lS.
TRIBUNE, AUGUST 27, 1983

TUESDAY, AUGUST 9: The damage to industrial establishments during the week of violence is well over Rs. 2000 million, Finance and Planning Minister Ronnie de Mel said yesterday. The first of five plane Ioads of humanitarian relief items supplied by the United States Government arrived at Katunayake Airport yesterday evening. Israel will consider a separation of forces agreement with Syria as a first step towards the total withdrawal of foreign troops from Lebanon a senior government official said today-DN. The 90,000 displaced persons who took refuge at the 18 welfare centres, in Colombo are expected to be reduced to around 10000 by Friday (August 12); the government will them organise these 10,000 persons into manageable units in and around religious establishments in Colombo-CDM. Government is to carry out a full probe in the individuals and the organisations allegedly involved in the recent spate of violence in the country. The curfew which will be lifted at 4 a.m. today will be reimposed at 10 a.m. and lifted at 4 a.m. on Wednesday. The vesting in the government of properties and industries which were destroyed and damaged during the resent dislurbances does not mean that the owners cannot restore these buildings, Compétent Authority. Douglas Liyanage Said yesterday. A total of 14,442 persons have been moved to the North by ship up to August 7, Dr. Wickerema Weerasooriya, Secretary Ministary of Plan implementation and Deputy Commissioner General of Essential Services told a news conference yesterday-SU. When Parliament meets today to debate the No Confidence motion the Government will move that some of the matters containing in the resolution were subjudice and could not therefore be debated in Parliament; it will seek the Speaker Mr. Bakeer Markar's ruling on the matter-S.
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 10: President J. R. Jaye - Wardene yesterday told the government parliamentary group that the Indian government of Mrs. Indira Gandhi has expressed its firm support for the Sri Lanka government in the handling of the present crisis and that India was pledged to the unity, integrity and Sovereignity of Sri Lanka. He also referred to a campaign by a few thousand people in Tamil Nadu to walk from Madurai city to Rameshwaram hoping to come by boat to Sri Lanka. 'lf they reached our shores we will deal with them. I don't think this would be necessary', the President said, 'as the Indian government has said it would stop them.' Finance Minister Mr. Ronnie de Mel yesterday appealing to Sri Lanka's banking community for assistance said that the total immediate requirement for reconstruction and rehabilitation was estimated at RS. 3,000 to Rs. 4,000 milion. The curfew commences at 10 p.m. today and ends at 4 a.m. tomorrow in the 9 administrative districts in the Western, Central and Uva Provinces. Solidarity head Lech Walessa said on Monday night that the now-banned independent trade union would call for new, expanded protests .
11

Page 14
'ncluding a "boycott of the press" on August 31 anniversary of the Gdansk accords which legalized the union-DN. Of the 868 refugees housed at the Kalutara Maha Vidyalaya refugee camp 585 have now gone back to their homes in Matugama, Horana and Agalawatta electorates a spokesman for the Kalutara DDC said yesterday-CDM. The government has told two Red Cross delegates who wanted to conduct a private investigation into the disturbances that it sees no reason for their continued stay in Sri Lanka, as such investigations were not part of their functions. Competent Authority Douglas Liyanage yesterday directed the Inspector-General of Police to Seal the Heladiva Press in Gampaha, under emergency regulations. About 3,000 persons alleged to have been involved in looting and connected offences during the recent incidents of violence have been remanded in the major prisons. All MPs barring those representing the TULF yesterday affirmed they stood for a unitary state and pledged they would not advocate separatism or call for a separate state; they were acting under the provisions of the Sixth Amendment which was enshrined in the constitution last week-SU. The Speaker, M. A. Bakeer Marker, yesterday accepted the argument of the Government that the subject matter of the vote of no confidence which came up before Parliament was sub-judice and ruled that the motion could not be proposed; this followed objections raised by Prime Minister R. Premadasa. Banking activity returned to normal this week as the dollar up by three cents since Monday, reactivated Colombo's financial markets. The Police will offer rewards for information leading to the recovery of looted property, a spokesman for the Police Headquarters said yesterday-S.
THURSDAY, AUGUST 11 : Mr. Douglas Liyanage, Competent Authority began his press briefing yesterday with the announcement that there were no disturnances of any kind anywhere reported to the police. A total of 18,040 persons have been thrown out of employment in the Colombo district as a result of the factories and shops they were working in being destroyed or damaged during the Week of violence, Capt. C. P. J. Seneviratne told the Cabinet yesterday. The curfew commences at 10 p.m., today and ends at 4 a.m. tomorrow in the 9 administrative districts of the Western, Central and Uva Provinces. Month old truce between Soviet-Afghan troops and Mujahideen in the Panjshir Vallex north of Kabul is over with sporadic aerial bombing breaking out in the South of the valley, western diplomatic Sources confirmed today in Islamabad-DN. Over 2,497 employment establishments were damaged during the recent outbreak of violence, rendering over 23,466 people unemployed; this figure was arrived at on a survey conducted by the Ministry of Labour om the strength of the Employment Provident Fund registrations available at the Ministry-CDM. While meausres to repair the damage caused during the recent disturbances have got underway, the government
12

is evolving a series of measures to settle outstanding Tamil problems; one of the main areas receiving the Government's attention is the activisation of the Development Councils - particularly in the North - a medium which it believes will help implement decisions already made in regard to Tamil matters; for this purpose a series of emergency regulations are being worked out. Killinochchi has been declared a separate district on the recommendations of Home told Affairs Minister, K. W. Devanayagam; he told the Cabinet that officials and public had to travel all the way to Jaffna to attend to matters; Kilinochchi is 538 square miles and has a population of 90,000; it will now have its own kachecheri-SU. The leader of the Opposition A. Amithalingam has sent a letter to the Presdient Mr. J. R. Jayewardene outlining developments concerning the Tamil people; Mr. Amirthalingam in his 14 page letter has traced the events of violence which have affected the Tamil people since 1977. Minister of Labour Capt. C.P.J. Seneviratne yesterday told the Cabinet that the July salaries of Workers in the establishments destroyed by the recent disturbances will be paid either at the premises of the establishments or at the Ministry of Labour-lS.
FRIDAY, AUGUST 12: Emergency Regulations to reduce the pressure ontne coungry's jails and enable them to hold persons remanded for the commission
promulgated yesterday. Train services to Jaffna and Talaimannar will resume next week, Transport Minister M. H. Mohamed told a news briefing yesterday. The curfew commences at 10 p.m. today and ends at 4 a.m. tomorrow in the 9 administrative districts in the Western, Centra and Uva provinces. Three Lebanese government ministers have been kidnapped in the Shoruf mountains Controlled by Druze Moslems and government officials said their abductors were demanding the resignation of the cabinet and the removal of Lebanese army troops from the area. Nigerian President Shehul Shagari has won a second four-year term in office after roundly beating five opponents in Saturday's elections by a much bigger margin than even his most optimistic supporters expected-DN. The Indian Police have arrested 21 Indian nationals who were on a protest march to Sri Lanka from Tamil Nadu an Indian radio news bulletin said yesterday; these arrests were made at Nagapatnam, and Subsequently they were released on bail. About four hundred industries, business firms and retail trade centres which had been affected in the recent disturbances have responded to the call for the Task Force on Industrial and Commercial Damage-CDM. More than 15,000 displaced persons left in welfare centres in the city will be provided temporary accommodation at a central relief camp from today; the 18 refugee camps : Set up in schools and religious centres in the city, yesterday suspended their activities after days of dedicated day and night service. All
TRIBUNE, AUGUST 27, 1983

Page 15
persons who wish to travel to Jaffna will be provided
transport today, the Commissioner General of Essen
tial Services has said. The curfew will be reimposed
at 10 p.m. today in nine districts and lifted at 4 a.m.
tomorrow-SU. Seven young men of Wellawatte who had been arrested by the Wellawatte Police in connection with the killing of an inspector of Police on July 25 were produced before Mr. Tissa Ekanayake Mount Lavinia Magistrate who remanded them till August 25. Two DMK members of the Lok Sabha, Gopalasamy and Ganeshan called off their protest fast yesterday; both MPs were fasting in connection with events in Sri Lanka–S.
SATURDAY, AUGUST 13: Landlords , tenants and occupants of houses and properietors or managers of industries or business affected by mob violence are free to undertake their own repairs to damage property, the Secretary to the Ministry of State Mr. Douglas Liyanage said yesterday. The curfew commences at 10 p.m. today and ends at 4a.m. tomorrow in the 9 administrative districts in the Western, Central and Uva provincess. The curfew on Sunday will be the same as today a government announcement said. Libya yesterday reported a new initiative to end the fighting in Chad, with France playing a major roles and France was trying tlo replace Chad's President Нisseme Habre There was a lull in Chad's civil war today following. Wednesday's recapture of the strategic Northern, town of Faya Largeau by Libyan-backed rebels Western military sources said-DN. The Government Security authorities are confident of dealing effectively with any type of frontal attacks from the North; the Security authorities also posses a sound estimate of the strike capabilities of the violent elements in the North including their fire power; this was disclosed by Mr. Douglas Liyanage Secretary Ministry of State and Competent Authority at a press briefing yesterday-CDM. President J. R. Jayewadene has welcomed Indian Premier indira Gandh's offer to mediate final and 'lasting Solution' to Tamil problems, it was announced in New Delhi yesterday. All Sri Lanka nationals intending to travel to India will be exempted from visa fees as a temporary measure the Indian High Commissior announced yesterday. The Insurance Corporatio of Sri Lanka has received about 700 claims fo damages of houses and property from victims in Colombo and 100 claims from the outstation following the recent violence SU. The TULF"
future course of action regarding the Sixth Amend
ment to the Constitution is to be determined b its 140-man General Council instead of its 7-ma
Politbureau as scheduloed earlier. In a statemer
issued yesterday the Catholic church disassociate
from a statement made by the World Council c
Churcahes on the situation in Sri Lanka. The Bisho
of Colombo, Rev. Svithin Fernando and the Presi
dent of the Methodist Church, Rev. Soma Perera wh
is also the Chairman of the National Christian Counc
TRIBUNE, AUGUST 27, 1983

in a statemert issued yesterday regretted that the commurication of the World Council of Churches was initiated without reference to the Constituent Units of the World Council of Churches in Sri Lanka-S
SUNDAY, AUGUST 14: The Minister of labour, Capt. C. P. J. Seneviratne has summoned a conference tomorrow of leading businessmen, the trade chambers and the Employers' Federation to temporarily absorb the 25,000 workers who have been displaced due to factories they have been working being destroyed by the recent riots. Four crack teams working for the Special Task Force appointed by the Government to survey the economic damage caused by the recent violence Completed their field survey on Friday; they are now estimating the total damage caused in terms of rupees and cents, a spokesman for the Central Bank said. The curfew in the Kandy District will begin at 12 midnight and end at 4 a.m. tomorrow; the curfew in the other districts in the Central, Western and Uva Provinces will begin as usual at 10 p.m. and end at 4 a.m. tomorrow. The leader of the TULF Mr. A. Amirthalingam flew to India yesterday for discussions with lndian leaders-SO. ho National Aquatic and Research Association has undertaken the dumping of burnt out vehicles into the sea outside the port of Colombo; the burnt Out vehicles are now being collected asnd sent to the Colombo Port for the dumping operations under NARA supervision. There has been a massive drop in tea sales; all types and grades of tea have recorded a significant drop in sales-ST. Sri Lanka has finally reached accord with the international Monetary Fund for Stand by Credit Facility of 100 million US dollars over an 18 month period. A delegation from the Tamil United Liberation Front is expected to meet indian Prime Minister, Mrs. Indira Gandhi, in New Delhi this week for talks on recent deve lopments. H. W. Jayewardene special envoy of President Jayewardene to India retumed to Sri Lanka yesterday following discussions with Premier indira Gahdhi; he described the talks with Mrs. Gandhi as "fruitful and constructive. The Sri Lanka Freedom Party members of the Jaela Urban Council have praised the government for maintaining the essential sirvices and food supplies uninterruped during the weeks of violence. The indian Government has deployed Coast Guards on her side of the Palk Straits waters to prevent their nationals from leaving India illegally; the move came as a small group of marchers were arrested by the Police at Mandapam - a point north of Rameshwaram from where fishing creaft operates. The government has incurred over Rs. 10 million to feed and house some 110 thousand refugees throughout the country, this month-WK. How soon the round table conference of all parties is to be held is a matter for President Jayewardene and for members of the Tamil community especially the TULF to decide. Sri Lanka President's special envoy Mr. H. W. Jayewardene
13

Page 16
Said yesterday on his arrival at the KIA from New Delhi. The Ceylon Workers' Congress has made a request to the Commissioner General of Essential Services Mr. Bradman Weerakoon that the victims of the recent violence should not be sent away from refugee camps without their consent. The curfew now in forces was relaxed by 2 hours in the Kandy district with effect from last night; the new curfew hours for Kandy district are from 12 midnight to 4 a. m. However, the curfew now enforced in Colombo, Gampaha, Kalutara, Nuwara Eiya, Ratnapura, Kegalle Badulla and Matale districts will continue from 10 p.m. to 4 a. m. Police stations throughout the island have been directed to give prompt attention to victims of the recent communal disturbances who were dehoused by their former landlords and revest such property to their former tenants this follows repo, its that despite government warnings, several houses earlier occupied by the victims ha ve been given over to mew temants om more lucrative terms-'lS.
U[[[BUsß AGRICULTURAL
DIGEST
MEDIUM TERM INVESTMENT PROGRAMME - 3
For State Owned Plantations
The Minister of Finance, Mr. Ronnie de Mel, recently made it known that the World, Bank, MF, ADB, the Aid Consortium and other international aid agencies had agreed to back the Medium Term investment Programme for the Stateowned Plantations drawn up by the National Planning Divison of the Ministry of Finance and Planning in collaboration with the State Plantations Corporations and Janatha Estates Development Board. For the information of our readers We
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have published in our issues of July 30 and August 20 two instalments of excerpts from the Project lodentification Report on matters of wider and general public interest. The concluding extract appears below.
LAND REFORMS Sri Lanka's Land Reforms were carried out in two stages. The first stage Introduced in 1972 limited the indivudual private holdings to a maximum of 20 ha. The Second Stage implemented from 1975 vested in the State all lands owned by Companies - both national and foreign. As a result of these land reforms a major part of the tea lands and a substantial portion of the rubber and coconut lands, were nationalised as shown by the following table.
TABLE 4 - NATIONALISED AREA UNDER
PLANTATION CROPS
Land Reforms Land Reforms Total Area
Nationalised
1972 1975
Ha Ha Ha Tea 52,000 97,000 149,000 Rubber 40,000 33,000 73,000 Cocomut 110,000 Nanna 110,000
Total 202,000 130,000 332,000
After a period bf experimentation of the nationalised estates has been entrusted to two Government Corporations, o viz Janatha Estates · Development Board (JEDB) and Sri Lanka State Plantations Corporation (SLSPC). These two Corporations have emerged as the largest plantations management Agencies in the country and, they also rank amongst the largest in the world im this field.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PLANTATION SECTOR depends largely in the hands of these two public sector Corporations. The JEDB amd SLSPC functions under two separate Ministries, viz M3nistry of Janatha Estates Development and Ministry of State Plantations. The Chairman of each Corrporation functions as Secretary to the respective Ministry with his Excellency the President as Minister in charge of the two porfolios.
with the Ministry of Finance and Planing in regard to overall planning and funding. Tea research promotion and subsidy administration come under the purview of the Sri Lanka Tea Board whilst the National institute of Plantation Management is vested with the training of personnel for the plantation industries. The development of the Plantation industries is therefore principally the responsibility of the two Corporations (JEDB And SLSPC) with
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supporting Services provided by the Sri Lanka Tea Board Research institute and the Institute of Plantation Management.
Out of a total extent of 920,000 hectares of and under tea, rubber and coconut, cultivation, nearly 287,000 hectares are managed by the JEDB and SLSPC. The distribution of the nationalised plantations between the two Corporations is given below: -
TABLE - 5 NSTITUTIONAL WISE DISTRBUTION OF LANDS UNDER PLANTATION
CROPS
JEDB SLSPC TOTAL
TEA 65,000 63,000 128,000
RUBBER 27,000 37,000 64,000 COCONUT 11,000 1,000 12,000
OTHER LANDS 42,000. 46,000 88,000
TOTA 145,000 147,000 292,000
The JEDB and SLSPC manage, approximately 60% of the tea lands and 28% of the rubber ladds in the country. In terms of production, the two Corporations are responsible for 80% of the tea production and 40% of the rubber production of the Country. They employ nearly 500,000 persons as given below ;-
TABLE - 6 - EMPLOYMENT UNDER STATE
OWNED PLANTATIONS
Wo. of employees Wo. of employees
per hectareof land JEDB 228,432 157 SLSPC 271,453 1.85
Total 499,885 171
THE OPERATING RESULTS of the two Corporations during the last three years are detailed below:
TABLE 7 - OPERATING RESULTS OF JEDB-SLSPC
1980 1981 1982 State Revenue (Rs.M) JEDB 1,718 1896 2012 SLSPC 1,721 1,760 2001
Profit (Losses) (Rs. M)
Before charging expenditure om terms such as interest replanting costs and Head office charges. JEDB 199 148 272 SLSPC 94 18 179 Although the two Corporations have generated profits at estate level, the margins earned are not adequate to meet expenditure on replanting
TRIBUNE, AUGUST 27, 1983

and debt service. This does not imply that the two Corporations are unprofitable. If the export dirty and sales tax on tea, which are levied irrespective of profits or losses, are reckoned the two Corporations would have operated at a substabtial profit.
Prior to 1980, these two Corporations have been highly centralised. Since then, five regional Boards under the JEDB and four under the SLSPC have been set up. The Central Boards based in Colombo are now responsible for planning policy implementation, control and co-ordination. The Regional Boards are delegated with with management of Estates and the implementation of the production and development plans, in order to provide effective co-ordination, the Chairman of each Regional Board is a member of the Central Board.
NVESTMENT PROGRAM : The National Planning Division of the Ministry of Finance and Planning, Janatha Estates Development Board, and the Sri Lanka State Plantations Corporation have in collaboration prepared a Medium Term investment Programme. (1984 - 1988) for the development of the state owned plnatations. It covers all major crops on most estates owned by the two Corporations, it is a consolidation of a set of programmes prepared in several stages - Estate level, Corporation level and National level. A detailed Estate by estate assessment of the investment needs has been undertaken in the formulation of this programme. Specialist Consultants were also engaged to assist in the development of the programme. The main objectives of the programme is the optimum utilisation of the nationalised plantations to achieve maximum economic return to the Country. improvement of the productivity of the stateOwned plantations invoices increases in Output, reductions in production costs, upgrading quality standards of the produce, and whereever considered necessary, diversification of the non viable tea lands into other suitable crops. In addition, manage ment and financial control will be strengthened, and incentives provided to achieve higher productivity. The total investent outlay (excluding fertiliser inputs) on the programme over the five year peod amount to SL Rs. 5,639 milion (US $ 254 million) The main components of the plan are given below :
TABLE 8 - NVESTMENT OUTLAY - 1984-1988 SLRs.000 US $000 % of the total
Tea 4, 115,526 178,936 73 Rubber 1, 269,761 55,207 22 Coconut 254,016 - 11,044 5.
Total 5, 639,303 s 245,187 1 OO
One of the major field costs in the production of tea, rubber and coconut is fertiliser. An the context of escalating fertiliser prices, any failure to meet the
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recommended fertiliser application is likely to adversely affear production. The relationship between yield anc fertiliser application has been well established. The estimated cost of fertiliser for the state-owned plan tations over the programme period is as follows.
TABLE 9 FERTILSER COST
Cost at Estate Subsidy input Tota,
level by Government Cos
RS. Million RS. Million TEA 1302 586 1, 888 RUBBER 158 71 229 COCONUT 31 14 45
Total 1491 671 2,162
With the addition of fertiliser costs for the programme period, the total investment outlay will aggregate to :
Rs. Million USS Million Investment Programme outlay
(para 8. 3. ) 5,639 245 Fertiliser inputs (Para 8.4.) 2,162 94 Total 7,801 339
Out of the total investment requirements of Rs.7,801 million (US $ 339 million) shown above the two Corporation and the Government will jointly finance 30% of the outlay. The balance funds amounting to Rs. 5,460 million (US $ 237 million) is being sought from the Foreign Lending Agencies and Donor Countries.
BENEFICIAL ROLE OF
Mycorrhizal Fungi in Citrus Plants
N RECENT YEARS the beneficial role of fungi like vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi in increasing growth and nutrient uptake has been increasingly reported in crops like citrus, grape, apple, strawberry and raspberries. The VAM fungi invade the plant roots in which are formed the vesicles (the fungal storgae sacs) and arbuscles (the finely-branched fungal filaments through which most of the nutrient exchange between the fungus and plant take place). Most of the citrus species are found to be mycorrhiza-dependent. Their Symbiotic association in citrus roots have resulted in increased uptake of phosphrous besides other micrountrients like zinc, copper, iron, magnesium and manganese. Plants inoculated with VAM fungi can alsovithstand drought and other stress conditions better than non-mycorrhizal plants. There is now evidence which indicate that growth of citrus can be substantially increased by inoculation witb VAM fungi with
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comcomitant increase in fruit yield. As VAM fungi increase water availability and uptake of phosphorus beside other micronutriests, mycorrihizal seedlings normally grow more rapidly and are much healther than non-mycorrhizal plants. Thus attempts to exploit the use of mycorrhizal on horticultural crops particularly for the production of acid time seedlings are in progress at the Tamil Wadu Agricultural University.
At the Horticultural Reserch Station, Periyakulam, the effect of two VAM fungi, the Glomus mosseaе and G. etunicatus on the growth of five citrus Species of acid lime, Italian lemon mandarin, roughlemon and rangpur time was tested under green house conditions. Inoculation with VAM fungi was done on nine month old seedings. Observations after three months of inoculation showed that in all citrus species shoot height was increased by 25.5 — 27.6 per cent and stem thickeness was increased by 23.7 - 36.5 per cent when compared to non-mycorrhizal plants. Among the two species of Glmus there was not much difference in their, beneficial effect. Within the five citrus species the response to mycorrhiza inoculation was maximum in italian lemon followed by rough lemon and acid lime.
in another pot culture experiment, the effect of G. mosseae and G. etunicatus was tried on six months-old acid lime seedlings with and without phpsphorous nutrition. Phospate Solitution to give 300 pm of P205 per plant was drenched on one Set of seedlings. Another set of seedlings did not receive P205, The VAM fungi were inoculated on Seedlings with and without P05. It was found that nine months after inoculation the VAM fungi have increased shoot height, stem thickness, root /ength, shoot weight and root weight significantly more than in uninoculated seedlings. Phospoehprous application was found to be more beneficial in incresing the vigour of acid lime seedlings when applied along with VAM fungi rather than applied alone.
One of the limitations experienced in the production of preimmunised acid lime seedlings against CTV (Citrus Tristeza virus) is slow growth and poor stem thickness even in one year old Seedlings which hinder patch grafting with bud wood containing mild strain of CTV. The present study indicates that the use of VAM can be exploited for producting mycorrhizal acid lime Seedlings which may becomes suitable for grafting witn earlier than normal seedings. Production of mycorrhizal citrus seedlings may be very useful in establishing ime orchards in areas which especially have low soil fertility. One bottleneck with the use of vasicular arbuscualr mycorrhizal fungi is the difficulty encountered in the preparation of inoculum. y
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The fungus inoculum cannot be produced artificially but has to be multiplied on other host plants., -Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Соітbatore.
SC
AGRICULTURE, FooD AND NUTRITION
Strategy Exercise
Colombo, July 20,
The Government of Sri Lanka, in a large-scale effort aimed at improved coordination and allocation of Scarce development resources, is now well launched on its first National Agricultute, Food and Nutrition Strategy exercise. The work is being coordimated through the National Planning Divison, Ministry of Finance and Planning, and involves eight other Ministries and numerous other institutions involved in the areas of agriculture, food, and nutrition. The objectives of the Strategy are to : (1) Develop an integrated approach to agricultural production, distribution and food consumption consistent with the country's national economic and Social development objectives; (2) identify key policy actions and public investments required to implement the strategy, ranked by relative priority and coordinated within an inter-institutional and timephased implementation plan; (3) improve its data collection and processing with emphasis om agricultural production, costs of production, and Statistical analysis of demand and consumption, to Support the implementation and revision of the Strategy; (4) Strengthen its institutional framework and capabilities for agriculture and food planning and analysis; (5) Identify and recommend areas for private investment support and complement public objectives and programs.
Eight Sub-sectoral task forces, each headed by the most directly concerned Ministry, have been formed to carry put base-line assessments in specific areas, for examble, in crop agriculture, livestock plantations, food distribution, and nutrition. The work of the task forces is being supplemenged by specific studies in areas of special interest such as marketing of Subsidiary crops rice marketing and processing alternatives, rainfed (low productivity) paddy alternatives, and rural credit.
THE STRATEGY EXERCISE was officially inagurated at a two-day worskshop in Kandy, April 19 - 20,which involved representatives of all involved Ministries plus numerous observers. At that time the Secretary Ministry of Finance and Planning, set the tone by highlighting the many interrelated problems in agricultural production and distribution and stated that, "Given the limited resources of men and
TRIBUNE AUGUST 27, 1983

material which this country has, we cannot afford to allow unsolvable agricultural surpluses to clevelop nor can we afford large amounts of foreign exchange for import of food, and yet if there are shortages, We seem to have no choice if we are to maintain adequate nutritional standards. We have to walk a rather tight rope and hence the need for a strategy.' He then went to explain that an effective strategy will provide a needed framework for the anayisis of projects and programmes, and for the allocation of ľeSOUľCBS.
The current timeable calls for the completion of the draft Strategy by the end of this year for review by the National Food Policy Committee and Committee of Development Secretaries. After the Strategy has been approved by the Government, an initial implementation plan will be developed. The strategy will identif key investment areas to be included in the 1948-88 Public investment Program.
Under a recently concluded agrement, the United States Government has agreed to provide grant funds totalling $ 522,000 for assistance in the preparation of this Strategy, primarily for long and shorterm technical assistance and support for Specific Strategy-related studies. USA D representatives express their hope that the completion and Subsequent updating of the Strategy will provide a Sound basis for the development of the agriculture food, and nutrition Sector and, specifically, for the Selection and desin of future projects.-USIS.
ж. ت NEW MUSTARD
Promises High Yields
The scientists at the Indian Agricultural Research institute, New Delhi, have achieved a major technological breakthrough in enham cing the production of oilseeds as evidenced from their field trials of a new improved variety of mustard Pusa Bold - in Bharthal a village in Najafgarh Block of Delhi. Evolved by AR scientists, this improved variety of mustard has a higher yield potential and higher oil content. During the Rabi Season 1981–82, the lnstitute, in collaboration With the Rural Development of Delhi Administration demonstrated this variety in Bharthal im absock of about 30 hectares of land so as to have mass effect for dissemination of its technology among farmers. It has been estimated that on an average 25 quintals per hectare of mustard oil accrued to the demonstrating farmers as against the national average of only about six quintals a hectare. n the current Season the total area of the crop has increased to over 40 hectares. To obtain maximum returns to the
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farmers it has also been proposed to follow mustard crop by growing PS-16 variety of mung, cowpeas, improved fodder crops and vegetables in all the fields.
PUSA BOLD is a bold variety of mustard. It is medium in height (1.5 m), early im flowering but medium in maturity (140 days) i.e., it matures along with other varieties. Due to early flowering this strain partly escapes the aphid attack, which is generally severe from the third week of January onWads because by this time it almost completes flowering. However, one or two spraying of any one of the three insecticides; Dimethoate 03%. Methl -demeton 025%, Endosulfan .035% is advisable. It is also less prone to attack by Alternaria blight or white rust. Wormally no control measures are needed. But in the case of severe attack copper fungicides can be sprayed to control the disease. This strain has an additional advantage of being resistant to seed pod shattering.
Three to four ploughings are needed to bring the soil to fine tilth. Each ploughing should be followed by planking. Seeds should be sown between 10th and 20th October. About 4 to 15 kg of seed per hectare is needed. Spacing between the two roWs should be 45 cm and between plants 15 cm. First irrigation should be given 20 to 25 days after sowing and the second, at the time of flowering or pod-developments stage At the time of Sowing 20 to 30 kg of potash fertilizers, if found deficient in the field plots, should be administered per hectare. Again at the time of first igrrigation, 20-30 kg of nitrogenous fertilizer should be applied for one hectare,
Crop should be harvested after about 140 days of sowing when the leaves and pods turn yellowish. With one or two protective irrigation proper manuring and plant protection measures this improved variety of mustard would give 20 to 25 quintals of crop per hecatare, with a further potential yield of 28.5 kg per hecatare. Ok content in this oilseed is 43 % which is higher than what is found normally in traditional varieties of mustard.
AMMAR NATH FRA/.
HERBCIDES
in the Removal of Weeds
CROP weeds have got some special features like dormancy staggered germinating habit, proliferating habit, even during the young stage exudation of some toxic Substances at more competing nature with the crops. In general weeds are no r
18

mally removed by mechanical means. Normnly weeding is taken up three to four weeks after sowing of the crop. During that period there is severe competition between the weeds and crops for all the major inputs. At the time of weeding the field may look clean but after a week the weeds will flourish and cause damage to the crop. The mechanical control of weeds is not always possible. This is influenced by many factors such as the availability of labour at the critica stage, moisture status of the soil and the rainy days during the early stage of Crop growth,
To achieve a better weed control during the kharif 1982 herbicides have been tried at Millet Breeding Station of the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University for the crops of sorghum, bajra and pulses. For effective control selective herbicides known as Atrataf and Basalin have been used for sorghum, cambu and pulses respectivey. The chemicals were sprayed three days after the Sowing, Immediately after herbicide application the plot was given a light irrigation to have uniform spreading and also to achieve better weed control.
The herbicies were able to control the weeds very efficiently up to 30 days. In the sorghum field there were only a few monocot weeds and the stand of crop was not affected by herbicide toxicity. The herbicides were found to be more economical and effective in keeping off the weeds tham manual Weeding- School of Genetics, TNAU, Coimbatore.
REHABILITATION RECONSTRUCTION AMD THE PEOPLE
SEMINAR ON RACIAL HARMONY
Introductory Address
By Tissa Wijewardena
Below we publish the introductory Address by Mr. Tissa Wijewardene at the Seminar on "Racial Harmony and Development And The Business Community', held at Damsak Mandira, Sarvodaya, Moratuwa, on August 13, 1983.
(A) Welcome - a warm welcome to Damsak Mandira, Sarvodaya, dedicated for over quarter of a century to Nation Building, Racial Amity and Development of People linked with spiritual and matreial improvement of the individual and the
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Page 21
many. Development - besides Damsak Mandiras and High Rise Buildings, Dams etc. - basically is said to be Education, Organisation and Disciplining of a People, Sarvodaya, meaning 'AWAKEN ING OF ALL has a formidable record of doing exactly that, 'Awakening' elevates and harmonises the People through simple qualities of Sharing and Caring, Brotherhood and Peace.
(B) The UNP manifesto of 1977 read in the National State Assembly on 4/8/77 stated : "Nothing could be achieved or Suatained without Solving the moral crisis that has overtaken the country'.
(C) The Government has already taken the lead and legislated for a Political solution to the grivances and desperation of both communities to stop the mutual suspicion and killing. Let us find the root causes of the recent violence and atone for Our failure to make any good contribution to remake our own destiny in the three decades since indpendence.
(D) The Business Community is accused for its cold and mechanical - Money bagging - and lining imported Oak coffins with sovereign gold and paving the way often to early graves in Daimler hearses flanked by a Minister or two as pall-bearers, We Sinhala, Tamil and others in the South Concerned about their brethren in the North and human enough to treat other human beings on an equal basis have the duty of Nation building, fistly wiping off the loathsome image created through Anti-national poisonous malicious propaganda broadcast worldwide. Let us together, plan together and work together to:
(a) Call upon and assist our Sons and daughters, relatives and friends, professional and business associates living abroad to join together im "Unite di Lanka' associations and embark om effective Camlpaigns of counter propaganda based on real facts and cancel out the malicious publicity against all People and the Government of Sri Lanka broadcast over the International Media, press, radio, V, down to poisonous pamphlets by the TELA (Tamil Eelam Liberation Army) ETA ( Eelam Tami Assiciation - 4400 ELEKKOFF, Norway), SLT (Sri Lanka Tamilis — 5136, Notre Dame East, Montreal Canada) and all other Separatists.
(b) Let us embark on a better and wider form of conscious-raising - making a departure from the conventional petition writing to MPs, Ministers, PM and the President. Have nationwide public meetings fairs and exhibitions in schools temples, churches roadside muscical and firm shows, street dramas Seminar for employers employees and Trade Union publications, pamphlets, kavikolas, songs and plays highlighting the grave situation and asking for and getting the people's participation in a National
TRIBUNE, AUGUST 27, 1983

Amity and Development Programme. Let us get, our Art Threatre, Cinema, Radio TV and Literature to call our citizens, Sri Lankans — NO SAN hALA TAMIL BRAND NAMES - former warring Germans, Japanese, Italians in the USA call themselves ''Americans' now.
(c) Give 10% of our Company ownership - shares to our workforce - as long as they are our, employees in active service and also in retirement from a Nation Building Fund - say 1% or 2% of our Turnovers (like BTT which bussiness houses regularly pay) - a (V.T.T.) Voluntary Turnover tax to finance Nation Building programmes and operate islandwide projects which according to the findings and experience of the Business Community are beneficial to the people and the Business Community. The turn over, whether a business enterprise is SinnaalTamil or other comes primarily from the 15 million Sri Lanka citizens made up approximately of 11 million Sinhala, 1.8 million Sri Lankan Tamils, 1 million Muslim and 800,000 indian Tamils. Ouestion is often asked what has the Sourthern Tamils done to develop their birth places in the Jaffna Peninsula. The proposed Nation Building Fund can well answer that question and aslo help to erase off the often repeated accusation that the Sinhala major community expects total subservience from the minorities and that the Jaffna Tamils have more than their - share more than is due to the 1.8 million Jaffna Tamils in a total 15 millions Sri Lankans (d) Get our Advertising Agencies to obtain al. facts from the Government and elsewhere and produce eye-catching and mind satisfying Educa tional, TV films and other material for a "United Lanka" programme ( on the best available paper in colour ) to be sent out (daily or weekly) in our foreign mail requesting our friends overseas to give publicity in press, TV etc., at their ends.
(e) Produce and distribute 500,000 copies (for a beginining) of a beautiful colpur picture of Mother Lanka fringed with Golden Sands and Silvery foam taken from a Satellite (Dr. Arthur Clarke is bound to help) in an attractive frame inscribed in Gold lettering
"Come and join in a Mission to Change this poor burning Country into a United peaceful Country
A country denied her rights F
into a country enjoying her rights .
to be prominently placed above the National Flag and all pictures political religious or others and displaced in every part of the world in Sri Lankan homes and offices tempkes, churches, mosques, business houses down to humblest huts in our villages and cities inspiring every citizen to be a proud Sri Lankan without the Sinhala, Tamil, Muslim, Burgher. Malay brand names.
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Dr. Ariyaratne - as you all know - has a unique experience in Development of Man and his environment under the Sarvodaya ideology. He has built up a massive and active organisation in over 5,000 centres within and without Sri Lanka, with about two million educated members spread from Point Pedro to Dondra, Colombo to Batticilloa and overseas in the Americas through Europe to other countries in Asia. Sarvodaya has the beautiful Moratuwa Head Ouarters (and many branches) fully equipped with a facilities, men and materials, inclusive of Conference Halls Residedtial quarters, Address Systems Film studios printing presses soon to be supplemented by Computer. You name it, he has it to go to the people, the country and outside. His experience and facilities and his support can be the launching pad for our Plan.
He stretched the Tamil Sinhala bridge even to King Boudwein - to the Belgian Palace at Brussels to win a singular honour for Sri Lanka and collected a million and more Rupees for Sarvodaya and a Prize for colleague Thiru. Thirunavukatasu. Ariya is a millionaire, often without two rupees for his cigarettes which we ask him to give up from today, to entertain the Business Community in an unpolluted clean Sarvodaya environment.
I am grateful for being able to speak to you today. lf have moved a few minds to think a little more and act a little more on the things have said, we have achieved much and launched upon the biggest business of our lives. May this meeting today be the first step of a long march to a new Beautiful Lankaa virbant DSNEY AND founded on OWNG KINDNESS. ፳፩
now give you Dr. Ariyaratne and request him - before he speaks to you - to give us a cup of tea and take us around the Damsak Mandira and its compound - going round the full complex will take about two and a half hours.
FOR RECONSTRUCTION
o Repia. O Uda. O Insurance
PRESIDENT LAVS GUDELMES FOR REPA
DEWESTING SOON AFTER REPARS :
REPA will give permission instantly for the repair of owner-occupied dwellings subject to the normal planning regulations and de-vest these dwellings as Soon as repairs are completed. Industrial properties will be similarly devested where the owners possess the
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capability to undertake restoration and to commence
• operations. President J. R. Jayewardene laying down the guidelines for REPIA in dealing with applications for the restoration or development of riot-affected property said that only in cases where owners of industrial property require financial support from the government would consider the need to acquire shares in such enterprises. He told a meeting held in the operations room of the Urban Development Authority on Tuesday that one of the principal objectives of REPA was to protect tenants displaced by the riots from being evicted by their landlords and another was to protect house owners from being exploited by unscrupulous tenants or by others.
He said REPIA would take responsibility for restoring tenancy rights and would also intervene in situations where houses owners might be pressurised to Sell their properties at distress prices. With regard to business houses which had been heavily damaged in the crowded areas of Pettah and other focal points in the city, the President said the need to replan Such areas by providing for wider roads, parking Spaces, fire-gaps and other amenities would have to be Considered. Businessmen displaced by such planning would be offered alternate accommodation in areas where these business are to be located and the rental charged in their case will be extremely reasonable, he added.
The operations room established in a compact area at the UDA head office is equipped to entertain applications from persons whose properties suffered damage as well as applications from persons who require alternate accommodation for busineSS acil - vities in the building complexes and super markets already constructed in Colombo and its Suburbs.
-Daily News, August 18 1983
PREMSES GUTTED OR DAMAGED : U. D. A. To REPLAN PETTAH
Prime Minister R. Premadasa told a meeting at the operations room of the UDA on Tuesday that a total of 442 business premises had been destroyed or Severely affected in the Pettah during the disturbances in the last week of July. The Urban Devetopment Authority (UDA) would take advantage of the large scale devastation to undertake a comprehensive replanning of this area, he said.
The Prime Minister said the Pettah, had been Zoned into three categories: (1) In the first category reconstruction by the owners will be acceptable to the UDA : (2) in the second reconstruction is totally unacceptable: (3) In the third reconstruction will be acceptable subject to requirements of comprehensive olanning.
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The planning will be carried out by the UDA and developers will have to conform to these basic plans in undertaking reconstruction. A significant change in the Pettah is that wholesale activity in the Pettah will be moved out to Urugodawatte in an area earmarked for this purpose. Action had already been taken to shift the government food stores from Chalmers Granaries to Urugodawatta. Similar plans for the development of riot-damaged areas at Borella junction. Wellawatte junction and Dehiwela junction are also ready. The plans were shown to the President and have received his approval. The Prime Minister said in the reconstruction or repair of affected premises developers will be obliged to conform to the regulations of the UDA and to the provisions of the House and Town improvement Ordinance and the Town and Country Planning
Ordinance.
-Daily News, August 18.
NSURANCE CORPORATIONS DIRECTED TO MEET OBLIGATIONS
Trade and Shipping Minister Lalith Athulathmudai yesterday directed the Chairman of the two-stateowned insurance Corporations to "meet their legal obligations forthwith". The directive was made to the Insurance Corporations of Sri Lanka and the National insurance Corporation, both of which function under the ambit of the Trade and Shipping Ministry. Mr. Athulathmudali wants insurance cliams made by affected persons with the necessary Cover disposed of quickly so that riot-hit businesses and homes may be speedily rehabilitated.
Both Corporations have been told to ensure that their future policies offered cover against strikes, riots and civil commotion (SRCC). Earlier, the two corporations decided mot to offer SRCCcover in areas like Trincomalee where there were dis turbances before the July 24 riot hit Colombo and later many other parts of the country. The two Corporations which had spread their fire insurance risks by re-insuring have some difficulties in classifying the disturbance. Informed sources said that the re-insurance arrangements covered riots but the civil commotion tag may run into snags.
-Daily News, August 18
INDIA
The Rural Market-4
By A. S. Gunguly.
This is the fourth instalment of the speech made by the Chairman of Hindustan Lever, Mr. A. S. Ganguly on 'The Growing Rural Market in India." The first instalmant appeared
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in our issue of July 23. What Mr. Ganguly has to say about the rural market in India
has great relevance in Sri Lanka where the
future prosperity of the rural community depends a great deal on developing and servicing the market outside the urban areas. The concluding part will appear next Week.
Having made out a case for developing and Servicing the growing rural market in this country. will now briefly state some areas in which Hindustan Lever Ltd (HLL) has been active. There are a number of Ways in which the traditional marketing expertise of HLL has grown and evolved over the years. HLL has been marketing and distributing consumer products for nearly hundred years. The company's role has been most visible in the urban and semiurban areas no doubt, but its traditional strength has also been in selling in the rural market. Hill regards rural marketing as an investment and not an expenditure. The initial costs - for distribution and communication - are high and returns come after a long gestation period. But it is our belief that it is an investment worth making and the fact that some of our brands today command pres eminent positions in the rural market has widicated our, stand. And in recent years new opportunitiet in the countryside have greately enchanced our company's activities in that direction.
1. An efficient countrywide distribution network : All products manufactured by the Company are available virtually through out the country, This has mot happened accidentally. Even the method of distribution is mot uniform for a products in all markets. Yet, the products do reach the remotest parts of the country by a variety of ways which defy clear classification. From the factories our products move to about 40 Clearing 8 forwading Agents. From here, they reach some 3,500 stockists located in towns up to 20,000 population. Thirty to 40 percent of the goods which ultimately reach remote markets go through wholesalers or Semiwholesalers. Another 10 to 15 percent are distributed by stockists through Mandis., Haats, as well as through physical deliveries to shops. AS many as 10,000 additional villages are visited by stockists regularly. Our company salesmen also spend about 30 percent of their time visiting the rural market. establishing direct links between the company and the rural consumers. The other methods are a permutation of these routes, dependling upon the region, accessibility, time of the year and so on.
These efforts enable us to distribute our products at a uniform price mot only in 3,500 towns also in almost 70,000 rural outlets. This also ensures the fair and equitable distribution of products even when they are in short supply. Regular and direct contact with the rural market helps to spot and weed
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our spurious products made by unscrupulous maun facturers who mislead the relatively less informed rural consumers.
Superimposed upon all this is a major but scarcely visible activity marketing. Over the years, advertising communications and serving have evolved in tune with the rural needs and in ways different from what is effective in larger towns and cities. Popularising the use of detergents all over the country is a contemporary success achieved by this company. This has required the development of unconventional Communication systems appropriate to the rural market needs. These can cost up to six times as much as reaching an urban consumer through. established media.
The company now has a wide national base. Besides continuously attempting to make it more cost effective for traditional, products, it is being Seselectively deployed for the development of the new agri-business of the company. A number of innovations are under way Current?ly We are testing the market for our cattlefeed in some of the most remote areas of Etah Distfict where we buy milk from a large number of farmers for our Dairy. Some of our milk collection centres not only purchase milk from the farmers but also make available cattlefeed to them at the same time We can use this model to test whether rural centres and Stockists can provide farmers with agri-products and cattle/ poultry feed, and when appropriate act as outlets for certain farm rpoducts. The two-way relationship though not unique has wider scope than is being used today.
2. Exports : HL as a recognized o export trading house, undertakes large exports of traditional Indian rural products such as carpets, leather goods, an other items made by the cottage Sector. The access to and understanding of rural markets, no doubt provides the potential for developing and encouraging the growth in some traditional areas. But it must be readily admitted that developments growth and profitability are not possible in export, without the help of a high level of marketing. În India it is more so because we derive our export Strength mainly from traditional internal resources With the development of the rural market prospects for boosting exports of products of traditional rural craftsmen will increase manifold HLL's international links can play a significant role in this task.
3. Research & Development : Since 1959, Research and Development has been a driving force in HLLs growth. The success Story of substitution of all imported and traditional raw materials in Soap making is by now well known Similar, but possibly less known, contributions have been made in many other consumer products and businesses such as foods and animal feeds.
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-Perhaps, HLL is the only private Sector company in the country which has extensive toxicological and safety testing facilities which ensure that all products manufactured and marketed by it are safe for the consumer. 4.
While HLL has always maintained its lead in the traditional products in the country's rural market certain recent research discoveries have widened. the Scope immensely and in a manner which could not have been anticipated a few years ago This is the discovery of the plant growth nutrient, Mixatalol in the company's research laboratory. The product has been succeffully field tested for over four years now. It increases agricultural (cereal, vegetable etc.) productivity by 20 to 30 percent by enhancing the photosynthetic process. This is possibly one of the more exciting discoveries in the country particularly at a time when agricultural productivity is facing prospects of diminishing returns, but the marketing challenge it poses is exciting and arduous, as our experience is proving. It has led us into an area of rural marketing which while being supplementary is different from the traditional methods of Consumer products marketing even in rural India (with the possible exception of our animal feeds business). In addition to some other research products, we are now gearing ourselves to marketing inorganic fertiliser, diammonium phosphate from 1984-85. All these believe are sufficient reason to increase the frequency of our Socio-economic Surveys to discover new opportunities and challenges. Current research efforts in several new areas suggest that in future years, the rural consumer will be the local point of much of our marketing and distribution plans.
To Be Concluded.
ж . SELF-HELP
One Million Houses
The physical construction work under the one million houses program will get underway from January 1, 1984, with the construction every month of at least five houses in each of the 4 000 Grama Sevaka Divisions throughtout the country. The first batch of housebuilders will receive the first instalment of the assistance they would require to build their own homes with self-helf from the National housing Development Authority (NHDA) from January 1. Prime Minister R. Premadasa the architect of the one million houses program outlined this new pproach, guidelines, concept and the targets of the program at a high level conference he had with the NHDA officials, all district managers of the NHDA and the assistant commissioners of Local Government t the Housing Secretariat on Thursday.
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The Prime Minister said that the construction of houses under this program would be carried out simultaneously throughout the country in each of the Grama Sevaka divisions. Five houses must be built each month in each Grama Sevaka division. It would work out to 20,000 houses each month in the 4,000 Grama Sevaka divisions. On this basis by the time the UN international Year of Shelter for the Homeless is reached in 1987, we will achieve the target of constructing one million houses he said. The Prime Minister said that the district managers should work in close collaboration and coordination with the Assistant Commissioner of Local Government and the Gramodaya Mandalayas in their districts in the implementation of the one million houses program.
He said that 1983 was set apart as the planning year for the launching of the million houses program. They should ensure that the collection of all the data regarding the housing requirements, the availability of raw materials and shills in each Gramodaya Mandala area be completed before the end of this year. He said that thsy should also ensure that the housebuilder was ready to Start work on his house once he received the first instalment of the assistance. Obtaining the fullestcooperation of the Gramodaya Mandalays in this exertoise was of the paramount importance. He also emphasised that with the construction of houses under the one milion houses program other sectors like water Supply specially in regard to provision of ordinary 'Wells or deep wells, community centres pre-school road constration and the home gardening pro gram etc should come into play simultaneously. The type of houses to be constructed would vary according to the needs of the family. They might even put in their own savings in the building of the house. However with this intitial assistance by the state they should be able to give every homeless family at least a roof. four walls and a cement floor of 500 square feet on which theffamilies cold improve later on. This way they could ensure a largest section of the people getting decent shelter with the available resources.
He said that according to the experience of certain disrtict managers during the past few months there had been an enthusiastic response from the rural masses towards this program. At meetings held at the respective Gramodaya Mandala area on this subject people had indicated that what they needed was initial assistance to put up their own homes. In many instances the families themselves were ready to put in their savings and abour to build themselves adequate homes at a much lesser cost. The Prime Minister was particularly happy to note the success made in the Anuradhapura District which is preparing to hold Gam Udawa 84. A large number of meetings have been held there in the villages to explain to the people the concept undei
TRIBUNE, AUGUST 27, 1983

the one million houses program. The district managers and the AG LGs with the cooperation of the Gramodaya Mandalayas should go to every village in the coming few months and explain this offer to the homeless about building their own homes using their own ski is and resources in addition to the assistance given by the state. The main task of the officials is to motivate the people, bring out their strength and inspire the people to help themselves," Mr. Premadasa said. "This is leadership'. He said that with the involvement of the people in this manner even the remotest village would be reawakened under this program. - Ceylon Daily News 28/8/83
UECEUE 4.sponsSCOPf 'Maase
SPOTLIGHT
O After The Riots O International
THE RECENT COMMUNAL DISTURBANCES put paid to a local sport and it will be quite sometime before the dust settles and the local World of Sport keeps buzzing again. Wnen the riots brokeout the Sports to suffer Were the A Divison League Rugby Tourney and the Mercantile Cricket tournaments, especially the A Divison tourney. However, while the local sports world stood still, there were interesting events in the international scene especially the triumph of the new Zealanders over England after 52 years in a Test match in England and the fantastic efforts of athletes in the World Athletic Championships in Helsinki.
The Mercantile Cricket Association which over the years ran into turbulence, especially where the working of their A Division tourney is concerned, was once again affected. This time after a couple of first round games the tourney stalled. An addition, Several of the elite firms in the Mercantile sector who had performed creditably in past tournaments had unfortunately pulled out of these prestigious games. This is unfortunate when one considers the fact that it is the Mercantile sector that gives the national squad the majority of cricketers. if we remember right last year the tourney was upset because of very fickle weather.
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However teams like the Maharaja Organisation, Ceylon Tobacco and Browns Group must be admired for helping to keep the game going in the Mercantile sector, especially to the Maharaja Organisation and Ceylon Tobacco for fielding teams each in the premier division. With several of the teams pulling out (we feel there is more to it than meets the eye) may be to belittle the Mercantive Cricket Associatiom, the Maharaja Organisatiom and the Ceylon Tobacco continue to play the game, however, at the time of writing the organisers are trying their very best to recommence the tourney. We hear that all the participating teams are hard at practice and that the reigning champions Maharajas will go all out to retain the championship
THE OTHER SPORT to recive a severe jolt because of the recent riots was the glamorous Rugby Tourney, both the A and the B Division. When the tourney was stalled leading the point table were the CH & FC, the reigng champions with the Police second followed by the CR & FC and the Havelocks. In a note to all clubs the Tourna ment Committee of the SLRFU has asked all teams to postpone their remaining fixtures and drawn their attention to rule 7 o the Tournament which states: The Tournament Committee will arrange the dates and venues of all A Division rugby fixtures and no match can be postponed without the prior approval of the said committee. But in case of Unforseen circumstances such as floods, riots, earthquakes and such like where a postponement is necessitated the two teams concerned are at liberty to postpone and arrange a new date and Venue by mutual consent and such arrangements should be notified to the Secretary and a copy of this notification should be sent to the Secretary SLRFU.
It is also understood that all teams have been asked to complete their remaining fixtures at their earliest so as to enable the SLRFU to arrange revised dates for the SLRFU President's Trophy knokout tourney matches and the quadrangular tournament matches. The completion of the League matches is a must as the League standing go to make the draw for the knockout tourney. Anyway it won't be a bad idea for the SLRFU to award the league championships to the reigning champions the CH & FC. The CH & FC were well ahead on points at the time of the stoppage and all rugger fans will agree with the SLRFU if it decides to award the Trophy to the CH & FC. The Police who were at one time strong contenders for the trophy, slopped Somewhat as the tourney progressed and at the time tourney was stalled were well behind the CH &
C.
THE INTERNATIONAL SPORTS SCÉNE was dominated by Geoff Howarth's New Zealand cricketers who got the better of the England team led by Bob
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Willis. The New Zealanders beat England after 52. years and this is the first win against England in England. Batting first England made 225 and 252 and New Zealand replied with 377 and 103 for five. The hero of the New Zealand victory was undoubtedly Lance Gairns. He had a match haull of 10 wickets and Tom Graveney who had the unenviable task of picking the "Man of the match' quite rightly decided on Lance Cairns. With this victory the Kiwis levelled the series. England however came back strongly to beat New Zealand in the Third Test and take a 2 - 1 lead in the four match Series. In this Test the England captain Bob Willis captured his 300th Test wicket and joined the illustrious band of bowlers who have taken 300 and more test wickets. Others to have cabtured 300 wickets before Willis were Dennis Lilee, Fred Trueman and Lance Gibbs.
Affer leading New Zealand to victory in the Second 'est the New Zealand skipper said: "To say the atmosphere in the dressing room was tense is an understatement. But it's great feeling to win . . . . We are not used to it.'" Wi is blamed poor bowling for England's defeat 'There was a lack of experience shown by our two most experienced bowlers and although I'm pleased to pass the 300 Test wickets mark, Wish 'd bowled better in the first innings', he said Willis also defended Botham for his failures. Botham has been highly criticised by the British Press Willis said: 'Ian didn't bowl too well. But he's as professional with the heart of a lion and he
be back." ... ... People get on his back back when he doesn't match up to the high high standid he's set himself. . . . . but that back is broad and
he can take it.' Botham however hit back with a vengeance and confirmed the faith his skipper has in him by taking four wickets in the first innings of the Kiwi innings and then hitting a beligerent 61 when his turn to be at the batting crease
In the meantime the South Africans have called off their endeavours to lure cricketers to play in apartheid South Africa. The latest cricketer they approached is World's fastest bowe Malcom Marshall of the West Indies. Marshall Who is the Squad to tour India later this year rejected. big offer from South Africa to join a rebel Cricket Marshall (25) plays for Hampshire in the Eng Country championships. After rejecting the offer Marshall said: was made a big offer by the Sout Africans when I was coaching in Melbourne winter. Desmond Haynes was made a similar offer and we thought long and hard about it before tug it down. Then came all these rumours about us beg On the plane to Johannesburgy but we were s" ni Melbourne. After i made my decision my Co* science was clear. I don't blame these playe's '' decided to go to South Africa because they have a iving to eam, There is no animosity against those
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who went. But as told the South Africans money is not everything and there is no chance of me going' he said.
A book - The Lords Taverners' Greatest - Was released recently and in it Kapi Dev Sunil Gavaskar, Vinod Mankad and Bishen Bedi have been named along with Sir Don Bradman, Sir Garfield Sobers Dennis Compton Viv Richards and Dennis Lillee and others as the Fifty Greatest cricketers in the postwar period. A distinguished panel of players - Richie Benaud, Trever Bailey, Colin Cowdray and Jim Laker - chose the fifty cricketrs. Incidentally the Lords Taverners is a charity organisation which raises funds to provide playgrounds for underpriveleged children and for helping the mentally and physically handicapped. Other players who figure in the book are imran Khan, Zaheer Abbas Haniff Mohammed, Richard Hadlee, an Botham Geoff Boycott Peter May Alan Knott Kan Barrington, Alec Bedser, Fred Trueman, Braian Statham, Dennis Compton Derek Underwood Sir Don Bradman Greg Chappell Wally Grout Dennis Lillee . Ray Lindwal Keith Miller Alan Davidson Clive Lloyd, Sir Garfield Sobers, Rohan Kanhai, Viv Richards, Andy Roberts, Everton Weekes, Fran Worrell, Mike Proctor, Barry Richards and Hugh Tayfield. V
Ranil Peiris the young and very promising Golfer brought great credit to Sri Lanka when he entered the final of the 92nd National Amateur Golf Championship which was concluded at the Royal Colombo Golf Course recently. After his meteoric climb to the final, Peris had to concede victory to another teenager in the final - Kanwilader Singh of imdia. in the early rounds Peiris got the better of Some veterans of the course and it was every Sri Lankan's hope that Rani would bag the final. But probably nerves would have ultimately told on the young golfer and he was not his usual calm and collected self in the final. The first session which was of 18 holes was evenly contested and the two players went to lunch all square. But om resumption the Indian displayed better golf to ultimately run out the winner. For Peiris it was so close and yet So far. This is the first major final that young Peiris had figured in and he should benefit from its experience. This is the third nationals that Peiris has entered. In the tourney held in 1981 ne lost in the first round to veteran Biloo Sethi and last year went out in the Second round to Mahmood Aziz. Incidentially, Rani is the Son of former Cambridge 'Blue' and Sri Lanka cricketer P. lan Peiris. The women's title was won by Yvonne Abhayaratne. Yvonne is considered to be the best amateur produced by Sri Lanka for Some time she won her first national title which had eluded her on three previous occasions. In the finals she beat Ruki Kodagoda who won the final in 1979.
TRIBUNE, AUGUST 27, 1983

The Australian cricket team to England for the World Cup by all indications did not seem to be a happy one. Several of the players who toured spoke unkindly of the tour and had harsh words for skipper Kim Hughes. David Hookes who went as vice captain to Hughes has been reported to the Australian Cricket Board for remarks made about the Aussie skipper. Hookes is alleged to have said in a radio interview that Red Marsh should have been the captain and not Kim Hughes. 'I guess I am echoing a lot of players' thought in that I believe Red Marsh would have been an excellent captain of Australia, Said Hookes. According to David Richards Executive Director of the Aussie Cricket Board, tour contracts required that no player should make any comment detrimental to the tour, the touring party or the Board to Board relations. "Having reviewed extracts of that interview, there is evidence that looks' comments are in breach of this requirement," said Richards. Richards also said that the Board was getting 'factual material' on similar remarks made by pace bowler Jeff Thomson.
SPORTS CHRONICLE
July 18-August 7
MONDAY, JULY 1.8 L. Merinnage who took 6 for 29 with an unbeaten 33 by N. Karunaratne helped Nawaloka Sports Club beat Pure Beverages Sports Club by six wickets in their Mercantile F Division cricket match played at the MCA grounds: Pure Beverages SC 93 in 26.3 overs and Nawaloka SC 94 for 4 in 38 overs. Golden Stars SC, Kandy beat Paradise SC, Nawalapitiya 4-1 in an exhibition Soccer match played at the : Jayatilleke Stadium, Nawalapitiya recently. A late second half rally saw CR and FC clinch a 14 (1 goal, 2 tries) to 6 (1 penalty, 1 drop goal) victory over Air Force in their second round Clifford Cup rugby match at Longdon Place. yesterday.
TUESDAY, JULY 19: St. Joseph's qualified to meet St. Peters in the semi-final of the schools under 17 (division 1) cricket tournament with a close 22 run win over Richmond: St. Joseph's 154 and Richmond 121. Bambalapitiya Flats Sports Club easily beat Peterson Sports Club, Wellawatte in a cricket match played at Cooray Park recently; BSFC 152 for 9 and PSC 65 all out. Nawalapitiya Football League beat Sripadians SC Hatton 2-1 in a soccer match played at the Jayatilleke Stadium Nawalapitiya recently. Bentota Sports Club beat a West German football team by 3 goals to 1 at Gamini MMV grlunds,
Bentota.
WEDNESDAY, JULY 20: Metropolitan Agencies SC beat Chartered Bank by 5 wickets in a fiant round Mercantile D division cricket match at BRC grounds
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over the weekend: Chartered Bank 78 all out 34.2 overs and Metropolitan Agencies 79 for 5 in 22 . overs. Slow left arm bowlers Sujith Fonseka am Manoj Perera spun St. Sebastians into the Under 1 Division 1 Cricket Final at Moratuwa. St. Sebastian beat Richmond by 4 wickets as Fonseka finished wit figures 17.1 overs-7 maidens-27 runs-5 wicket: and Perera 3 wickets for 16 runs; the two of them helped Richmond dismiss for 90 and St. Sebastians replied with 94 for 6 in this semi-final. St. Sylvester's were held to a scoreless draw by Kingswood in thei Kandy Schools under 15 hockey tournament match played at Peradeniya recently.
THURSDAY, JULY 21 Rajalingam with a match
bag of 13 for 29 helped Lodge SC, Habarana rout Oueens SC Kandy by innings in their annual cricket match played at Police Grounds, Kandy; Oueens SC 47 and Lodge SC 94. Mahamaya Girls School, Kandy defeated Pushpadana Balika Vidyalaya B 2-0 in their Kandy Schools Girls under 19 hockey tournament match played at Campus Grounds Peradeniya. Samanala Sports Club Hatton, rallied well to defeat the more fancied Taj Mahal Sports Club, Bandarawela by 4 goals to 3 in a soccer match played at Dunbar grounds, Hatton, after trailing 2 - 3 at halftime. Uda Dumbara AGA's Division clinched the Kandy District Women's Wolleyball title when they beat Teldeniya AGA's division by 3 sets to 2 in the final played at the Bogambara Stadium recently.
FRIDAY, JULY 22: Mahanama Vidyalaya Colombio beat Dharmaraja College, Kandy by 42 runs in their under 16 SLSCA tournament quarter final match; played at Lake View grounds Kandy recently Mahanama 1st innings 201 and Dharmaraja 1st innings 159. Kingswood College, Kandy defeated Thaksala Maha Vidyalaya Kandy 4 - 1 in their St John Tarbat Shield soccer tourmament match played at Randles Hill recently; at half time Kingswood led 2-0. Malwatte Sports Club, Matale, beat Kegalle Youths SC 5-2 in a soccer match played at Kegalle stadium after leading 4 - 1 at half time sipatana MV scored a hard fought 4 goals to 3 victory over Royal in their Under 17 soccer match played at Reid Avenue last Tuesday.
SATURDAY, JULY, 23: Kingswood College defeated Dharmaraja College by 4 goals to nil in their Kandy schools under 15 Hockey tournament match played at Peradeniya recently. The Sri Lanka Central Transport Board took both A and B Division trophies at the 10th annual Seven a side Hocky tournament organised by the Nationalised Services Hockey Association at Police Park yesterday. A wet pitch saw only 45 minutes of play on the opening day of the Mercantile A Division cricket match between Browns and Maharajas at the SSC grounds
yesterday, 26
:

SUNDAY JULY 24: Browns were 180 for 7 at the end of the second day in their Mercantile A division game against Maharaja B at SSC grounds, Maitland Place yesterday; the match will be continued at 10 a.m. today. Dimos beat Barttleets by 8 wickets in the Mercantile D division cricket tournament match played yesterday at the BRC grounds Havelock Park: Bartleets 88 and Dimos 90 for 2. CH and FC beat Kandy SC by 14 points ( 2 tries 2 penalties ) to 6 points ( 2 penalties ) in their Clifford Cup rugby match played at Nittawela yesterday. CR after a quiet beginning trounced Army by 23 points ( 2 goals, 2 tries and a penalty) in their return Clifford Cup rugby game at Galle Face, yeterday; CR led 10 - 3 at lemons.
MOWDAY, JULY 25: A defiant unbeaten 46 in 120 minutes with 8 fours by Ravi Sathasivam helped lsipatana beat Royal B by three wickets in an under 15 Divison Il cricket semi-final at Reid Avenue yesterday; Isipatana will now meet Dharmaraja in the final; Royal B 88 in 41.3 overs and sipatana 92 for 7 in 46 overs. Police scored a 19 points ( 2 goals, 1 try 1 penalty) to 6 (1 goal) victory over Air Force in their second round Clifford Cup League rugby match yesterday at Havelock Park; police led 16.6 at lemons. Browns failed in a valiant bid to beat Maharajah B on the first innings in a Mercantile A Divison cricket match concluded at the SSC grounds yesterday; Maharajas B chasing ) Browns total of 219 held out for 260 minutes and 74 overs to force a no decision; Browns 180 for 7 continued 219 and Maharajas B 146 for 7 at stumps.
WEDNESDAY, JULY 27: Paiyagala Sports Club beat Maggona Dragons Sports Club by innings and 36 runs im a cricket match played at Paiyagala Maggona Badde Village Council grounds recently; Dragon SC 47 and Paiyagala SC 131 for 9. One Way Sports Club won the Raddelugama imagural six-a-side cricket tournament by defeating Young St. Mary's Sports Club by 28 runs in the final played at the Raddolugama Housing Complex grounds. Samagi SC and Aruna Sports Club became men's and Women's netball champion at the annual Volley ball tournament of the Akuressa GA's division held at the Maramba MV grounds recently, Volleybal (men) 1. Samagi SC Panadugama, 2. Primce SC Tibbotuwawa : (Women) 1. Aruna SC Maramba Niwala SC 2. Netball 1. Unicorn SC A team 2. Unicorn SC B team. Football 1. Freedom SC A team. 2. Freedom SC B team. Elle 1. Freedom SC, 2. Prince SC.
HURSDAY, JULY 28. Alexis Arguello, determined o become the only boxer to win four World Chamionships will fight for Aaron Pyror's World Boxing \ssociation junior welter-weitht title for the Second me in Septermber. Jarmila Kratochvilour continued
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her impressive build up for the World Athletics Championships in Helsinki by breaking the women's 800 metres, world record at Munich on Wednesday.
fAIDAY, JULY 29. Sapphire Sports Club, Kada- Wata scored an easy 8 wickets victory with Eleven Brothers Sports Club, Kadawatta in a cricket match played at Mahara Nugegoda recently: Sapphire SC 106 all out and Eleven Brothers SC 40 a out Sputnik SC and Jayanthi SC registered victories, in the soft ball cricket tournament organised by the National Security Agency for the KDMC Bandara Challenge Shield: Sputhik SC beat People's Bank by 3 wickets People's Bank 50 and Sputnik 52 for 7. Jayanthi Sports Club beat Abaya SC by 7 wickets. Abaya SC 39 and Jayanthi sc 41 for 3.
MOWDAY, AUGUST 1 St. Sylvester's College, Kandy defeated Trinity College, Kandy by one goal to nil in their Kandy schools under 15 Hockey tournament match played at Peradeniya recently. Super Stars Club., Kelaniya scored a 1-0 victory Over Catholic Youth Sports Club, Dalugama, Kelaniya (winners of the last year's tournament) and entered, the quarterfinals of the Seven a side soccer tournal ent organised by the Daugama Catolic Youth Sports Club.
TUESDAY AUGUST 2: Britain's Sebastina Coe suffered his fourth major defeat within a month when he trailed home fourth behind compatriot Steve Cram over 800 metres at an intemational athletics meeting at Gateshead on Monday. Soviet weightlifters Set two world records in the Super-heavy weight (over 110 kilos) division at the national Spartakiad games at Moscow on Sunday: Alexander Kurlovich set a combined snatch and jerk mark of 460 kg., a total equalled by previous holder Anatolly Pisarenko whose old record of 456.5 had stood since May 1982.
WEDWESDAY AUGUST 3: Australian Brad Drewett Won the men's title and Hungarian teen-ager Andrew emesvari captured the ladies crown on Sunday in the 125,000 dollar South Orange, Tennis tournament at South Orange New Jersy; Miss Lemeswari 17 who won this year's talian Open beat Pam Cassle of the United States 6 - 3 6 - 1 after disposing of American Joanne Russel 6 - 0, 6 - 2 in a semi-final match trat was postponed from Saturday to Sunday morning because of a rain storm. A glorious unbeaten 214 from Yorkshire's Geoff Boycott dominated yesterday's play in the English County Cricket Championship, Boycott who made 158 in the opening day against Nottinghamshire at Workshop, forged on yesterday to hit his best score in eight yearS.
THURSDAY AUGUST 4: Authkade Rangers FC Created a big shock when they defeated Sugathadasa Cup winners Renown FC 2 - 1 in a first
TRIBUNE, AUGUST 27, 1983

round match of the FA Cup tournament played recently at Police Park. West Indiam fast bowler Wayne Daniel boosted Middlesex's English Country Cricket Championship hopes with a fiery display against Title-challengers' Warwickshire at Lord's in London yesterday; Daniel took four wickets at a of 33 runs as Warwicksnire were bowled OUt for 210 in their Second innings, leaving Middlesex 80 runs to win.
FRIDAY AUGUST 5 Pushpadana Balika Vidyalaya, Kandy maintained their Supremacy when they beat Mahamaya Girls Schools Kandy, 1 - 0 to become champions of the Kandy girls' Schools hockey tournament in the final played at the Bogambara Stadium recently; there was no scoring in the second alf. H. Ousman of Marsh House won the M. F. de Saram Challenge Cup for the Best junior Boxer for the third consecutive year at the 61st inter House Boxing Champions of Royal College held at the School ha recently. Vasko Stoianov of Bulgaria ablished a new long distance swimming record When he swam 107.3 kms in a sometre pool at Sofia this weekend.
SATURDAY, AUGUST 6: The New Zealand Cricketrs beat Surrey by 56 runs in their 60 over One Day match at London yesterday but had to struggle for runs after being put into bat; New Zealand made 232 for 9 off 60 overs and then dismissed Surrey for 166 off 46.2 Overs. Rick Carey set a world record of one minute 58.93 seconds for the men's 200 backstroke at the US Long Course Championshisps Yeday; Carey's time which came in the heats, beat fellow-American John Nabers seven year old mark of 1 : 59.59 set in the 1976 Montreal Olympics.
SUNDAY AUGUST 7: Australia beat England by Seen wickets in a one day under 19 cricket international at Lord's yesterday; England 191 and Australia 192 for 3. New Zealand raped hansdsome dividends from their decision to put Hampshire into bat om the first day of their three day match. Atunch Hamphire were 82 for four after losing both their England Test hopefuls Chris Smith and Trevor Jesty.
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CONFIDENTIALLY
O Defence o Tourism O Unemployed
IST NOT TRUE that the appointment of General Sepala Attygalle, as Secretary to the Defence Ministry, has been welcomed in a circles which want an erally return to normalcy? That General Attygalle takes over from Col. C.A. Dharmapala who has now been appointed Military Advisor to the President? That it will be recalled that General Attygalle was Commander of the Army from 1967 to 1977 ? That thereafter he had functioned as the Chief Co-ordinating Officer of the Defence Ministry and was in charge of Aviation ? That the tasks and challenges that face General Attygalle are many and onerous and those who know him expect him to rise to the occasion ?
IS IT NOT A FACT that the country has to face up to the reality that tourism has received a severe setback as a result of the recent disturbances That the Executive Vice President PATA was in the island recently and he was frank about the new problems that faced the tourist industry ? That reports about his views on the current situation appeared in all the daily papers ? That below We cite extracts from a report in The Island (18/8/83) by Feizal Samath under the headline OVER RECENT VIOLEMCE: MANYTouriST MARKETSDSTURBED 'The recent violence in Sri Lanka has disturbed a number of tourist markets overseas and the tourism authorities here should undertake an immediate promotional campaign to overcome the adverse effects in the industry, Kenneth Chamberian, executive vice president of the Pacific Area Travel Association (PATA) told a Colombo news conference yesterday. Chamberlain who is in Colombo to review progress fo the preparations for the PATA meeting in Colombo in April next year said, 'the incidents will no doubt reflect poorly om the tourism industry. This is the reality of the situation and there is no point in avoiding it". Earlier Tourist Board Chairman, H. P. Siriwardene in introducing Mr. Chamberlain told the news confference held at Hotel Lanka Oberoi that his visist was also to assess the present situation vis-a-vis tourism in the country. At this critical juncture with great humility we could lean on the knowledge and experience of Kenneth in resuscitating this industry, he said. The PATA official said the world outside was surprised and shaken over the recent disturbances as this had never happened to Sri Lanka before. 'Sri Lanka has always got a positive image abroad', he added. He said the authorities here should face up to the fact that over the next few months there were unlikely to be many tourists visiting this country'. 'This would
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give a little breathing space for the authorities here to plan aout an intensive campaign, find new markets and analyse the changes in the industry. This is an excellent opportunity to do So, he said. Chamberlain noted that the immediate need would be to undertake a promotional campaign to ensure there is a free flow of tourists during the winter season beginning in October this year. In Asia, the number of people with the means to travel was growing and this was a good sign for the industry. Sri Lanka has done better than most countries during the recessionn. However this image has been blurred by the recent incidents. Yet you still have the unspoilt beaches, the Smiling people and other assests, he said. Chamberlain had no doubts about holding the PATA 84 in Colombo. He says, 'we are positively going ahead with plans. If the meeting was to have been held next motinth or the next two months there Would have been a drop in the attendance. But We have time to plan til April mext year. Referring to a proposal to offer cut-price tickets to attract tourists again to Sri Lanka the PATA officia said this should be done with care and caution. Sri Lanka should mot create a neme as a cut price destination he said. He agreed that a reduction in the burdens carried by the industry like increased BTT, Water rates etc., would help at this stage. Asked whethet any other country had experienced a situation similar to Sri Lanka, he said Korea had the same effects when their president was assassinated. "The Koreans spent a lot of money and effort on research and development. Since their market was dominated by Japanese, it was a difficult exercise because Japan is a Sensitive market. But they picked up after a year and last year there was a tremendous growth in Japanese touris traffic. It took sometime to revive the industry. Nevertheless, they did it", he said. Tourist Board Director-General H. M. S. Samaranayake and Walter Rupasinghe a member of the PATA organising committee was also present at the news briefing.' That there is no doubt that Chamberlain has put the record straight and that it is up to the government to take the necessary measures to Persuade the tourists to start coming again P
IS IT NOT A HAPPY AUGURY that Jennifer Henricus reported in the Sun, 18/8/83 that : "The 13,000 persons who were displaced by the destruction of 18 garment industries during the recent disturbances are to be re-employed by the surviving garment industries. The export quotas of these industries have been distributed among the industries doing one shift at present and recruitment of these displaced persons has already commenced. The recruitment is being coordinated by the Labour Department, but individual factories having excess capacity have been given the greenlight to recruit on their own. The garment industry has been the worst affected by the disturbances and has therefore been given priority in regard to getting it back on the rails. . .
TRIBUNE, AUGUST 27, 1983

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