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News Letter 27
20) 21)
22) 23) 24)
25) 26) 27)
Conte
March 2010
Without a form, how can God be meditat What is the concept of the images and for What are eight emotions (bbvas) mention What are Bhaumika, Kudyaka, and Urddl What is the relationship of water source a Is 'Aum mentioned in Vedas 2. In the great Mahabharata war, subsequer because of a boon was capable to live for How did Sri Rama die? Who composed Shatpath Brahman Grant Mahabhashya,Ramayana,Mahabharata a What is meant by the terms Yama and Ni Are the Bhagavad-Gita and the Bhagava What are the Pancha Mahayajnas ? What is Meditation in Hinduism? What is ment by Puranas in Hinduism? What is ment by Mythology in Hinduism What are Rajas, Tamas and Satvagunas What is the meaning of turiya? Are Almighty God and Atma (soul) are th What is the theory of Karma in brief in n What is mentioned in Veda regarding the Is it true that during "Ashwamedha Yajy the agni (holy fire with chanting of Veda What is Brahm muhuratha and what is it Is it true that, to get married within close Is it true that the sun is the father of Karr Dhuriyodhana in the epic Mahabharatha' What are the units of measurements oftir Give some idea about Fiji and the Hindus Give Durga, Annapoorna and Saraswathi
கூேடித்திர (வயல்) வி பூரீ முன்னேஸ்வரம்,
Author
Kshethra Vinayaka Temple,Sri )
hot mail; kshethravinayaka(a)yah Sri Sankar Pu
March 201
 

செய்தி மடல்
nts
&itחLD
ed upon? ms in Hinduism? ed in Natya sasthra in Hinduism?
hvka chithras 2 nd Hindu temple sites?
it to Bhishma was injured by Arjuna, Bhishma how many days?
ha,Nighantu,Nirukth Grantha, Ashtadhyaee nd Sankhya Shasthra ?
yama?
Lita the same?
in Hinduism?
Le same? ormal words?
form of God? en (yaga)" horses are slaughtered and offered to mantras? s significance? relativesis a sin according to Veda? a who battled against Pandavas to support p
me mentioned in ancient Hindu texts?
living there? Shlokas and the translations of them?
பிநாயக ஆலயம், சிலாபம்,பூரீ லங்கா.
B.S.Sarma,
Munneswaram,Chilaw,Sri Lanka. oo.com: munneswaram(@yahoo.com
blications O Lonië,

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Editoriall,
TPath to Darma, the períodical publishea Temple, Srí Munneswaram, Chilaw, Srí L month. Thís achíevement ís malínsy due to number of readers of this magazine. Though widespread criticisms and analyt times on the benchmaré of the publication ís contínued
As stressed earlier the prime attempt oft ínterconnected to 3Hindu religíon essentía by the concerned readers. I am really appreciative to the readers of дrатttта те етотоис аayisе ата потои períodicas
TB.S.Sarna, 3Kshethra Vinayaka Temple, Srí Munnesy
Suggestions from th
Dear Mr.Sarma,
I regularly receive “ Path to Darma' magazine sending me which I go through over and over dealt with very simple style for any one to unc Thanks for explaining the intricate complicate straightforwardly. You are in fact helping in an enormous manne knowing our religious structure. May Almighty bless you with a long life to en With kind regards,
N. Sithamparanathan, Colombo-06
Dear Sarma, I went through your newsletters. you must you are doing a great service to the younge are ignorant of the greatness of our religio publishing all of them as a book. May God bl Good luck.
Sinniah Sivanesan,Canada Ph; 416 284 9158

Гтотthly Бу Кshethra Vinayaka anka, ís presentíng the 27“ íssue thís the positive responds of a large
tic views are expressed by the readers at l, a high scholarly norm of this magazine
shís magazíne ís to pass om understandings tly by responds to the uncertainties raised
Path to TDarma, magazine, who are able support in writing out this
varam, Citav, Sri Canka. TMarch.2oto
le readers
every month. Thank you very much for to grasp the full subject matter which are derstand, d and problematical subjects very
r to the Hindus who are anxious in
lighten us in affairs related to Hinduism.
23rd Feb.2010
be fully immersed in our religious ocean. r generation, especially immigrants who n. Keep up the goog work.you may think of ess you with long life.

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1. Without a form, how can God be meditated
Vishnu samhita, a ritual agama text says that,“With (He is) without any form, where will the mind fix i attach itself to, it will slip away from meditation or Wise will meditate on some form, remembering, ho not a reality”
Comment by -Eck,D.(1981)Darsan: Seeing theDivi
2. What is the concept of the images and forms The Jabala Upanishad clarifies that “ the image is Siva in the soul and not in images, Images are men by Eck, D.(1981)Darsan:Seeing theDivine Image ir
3. What are eight emotions (bbvas) mentio
The natya sasthra referes to eight different kinds o used while dancing. The rasa is itself divided in the Natyasastra into eig
reotic (srngara )
comic (hasya)
pathetic karuna )
furiou (raudra)
heroic (vira)
terrible (bhayankara)
odious (bibhatsa)
marvellous (adbhuta)
4. What are Bhaumika,Kudyaka, and Urddhv
The chithra is divided into the Bhaumika,Kudyaka,and house. Bhaumika chitra ment decorations on the floors colours, inlaid with coloured stones and gems. The dec. on the top of pillars, beams and ceilings as Urddhvaka ( paintings as well as sculpture. Can you get me the slokas of Vinayaka, Siva Vishnu, I English translations?
S. What is the relationship of water source
Always Hindu temples sites are associated with w boothas' Ancient stone age sites were located in pl underground streams, It is also recommended that terms "geodetic lines' and underground streams ma to building a new temple.Certainly termites are in water sources in the location of their mounds high that termites orientate their mounds to the rising Su
Note: The five basic elements: 1) Earth (prithivi), 2) W

upon?
out a form, how can God be meditated upon? If tself? When there is nothing for the mind to
will glide into a state of slumber. Therefore the wever, that the form is a superimposition and
ne Image inIndia.USA, Page-36
in Hinduism? only the support for the beginner; Yogins see t for the imagination of the ignorant. Comment India.USA, page 36
ned in Natya sasthra in Hinduism?
frasa (emotions), and to 108 varieties of hand poses
ght sentiment or tastes namely;
'ka chithras ?
Urddhvka with reference to their position in the which might be painted using powdred or tinctured Orations on the walls were called kudyaka, and those shitra. Thses classifications could be applied to
Durga, Annapoorna, Saraswathi,and Navagraha with
and Hindu temple sites?
ater resources as it is one of the “Pancha aces which conformed to a radiating pattern of other fields of energy which is known by the ly have bearing on the selection of sacred sites dicators as they are sensitive to the underground above the water table. It is interesting to note in and are revered in certain Indian villages.
Vater (apas), 3) Fire (tejas),4). Air (vayu) 5) Ether (akasha

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6. Is 'Aum mentioned in Vedas
God's unlimited names based on His unlimite 1/164/46. Out of which the best name of the C mantra 40/15 stating “aum krato smar”,
7. In the great Mahabharata war, subsequent because of a boon was capable to live for ho
According to the facts as mentioned on page 1204 Jagdishwaranand Saraswati Bhishma lived for 58 the battle field of Mahabharatha war.
8. How did Sri Rama die? Sri Rama, a righteous king who was supposedly an in jungle and left his moral body at an unknown pla
9. Who composed Shatpath Brahman Gra Ashtadhyaee Mahabhashya, Ramayana
i. Shatpath Brahmin Granth was written by ii. Nighantu and Nirukth Granth were writtel iii. Ashtadhyaee and Mahabhashya were writ iv. Ramayana was written by Sri Valmiki in t v. Mahabharata was written by Sri Krishnad vi. Sankhya Shasthra was written by Kapila N
10. What is meant by the terms Yama and
(a) Yama:
i. Satya (honesty) -to adopt and practise gen ii. Ahinsa (non-violence)- to leave violence, So how a person would even think to kill iii. Asteya (abstaining from stealing) iv. Brahamcharya (celibacy)
V. Aprigrah (not to accumulate the wealth, a
abnegation) (b) Niyama:
i. shauch (purity, cleanliness), ii. snatosh (contentment ,satisfaction), iii. Tap (austerity, asceticism), iv. Swadhyaya (study of Vedas and sacred gr v. Ishwara prannidhanani (complete faith in is to do activities without deserving the r
11. Are the Bhagavad-Gita and the Bhag
The Bhagavad-Gita. is considered the most sigr Mahabharata is one of the two major epic tales of H

d divine qualities are stated in Rigveda mantra God has been stated as “Aum” in Yajurveda
to Bhishma was injured by Arjuna, Bhishma ow many days?
4 of Mahabharath part 3rd commented by Swami 3 days after being wounded by Arjun's arrows at
carnation of the God Vishnu, left Ayodhya to ce of jungle at the age of 81 years.
antha, Nighantu, Nirukth Grantha,
Mahabharata and Sankhya Shasthra ?
Yagvalkaye Rishi and Shandilye Muni. n by Yask Muni.
ten by Panninni Muni. twenty-four thousand verses. Vaipayana Vyasa in one hundred thousand verses. Vunibased on Prakritimatters
Niyama?
uineness in mind, in speech and through deeds. at all times, in all places and to all living beings. or to harm, cow or any living being.
ny other articles more than requisite amount, self
'anths, performing-jaap) God and dedication of all pious deeds to Him that esult).
avata the same?
hificant component of the epic Mahabharatha. The indus. It is the story consists of nearly 100,000 verses

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and was composed over an 800-year period beginning classic, the Bhagavad Gita, or the "Song of the Blesse It is an impressive conversation between Lord Kr War. Lord Sri Krishna happened to be the chariot the fundamentals of the concepts of Hindu religic the elite of the Vedas, Gita is also regarded as the the most valued Hindu literature. The Gita teache relations and teachers in front of him at the battle that moment Lord Krishna conveyed the knowled that it was his duty to fight in spite of of consequ Arjuna freed himself from his Moha, or delusion. the Kauravas and achieved victory.
The Bhagavad Gita is not only the most sacred manus most read of all Indian works in the whole world, des sometime in the first century A.D. The story revolves nothing but sorrow. The significance this story has on devotion
The Srimad Bhagavata is a Puranic account of each Avatara is to protect the world from some er and defend the righteous. The ten Avataras of Lol (The Tortoise), Varaha (The Boar), Narasimha (T (Rama with the axe, the destroyer of the Kshatriy, Krishna, The guru (teacher) of the Bhagavad-Gita hero riding on a white horse, who is to come at th
12. What are the Pancha Mahayajnas ?
There are five daily sacrifices which are to be car (i) Brahma Yajna, called also Veda Yajna, sa (ii) Deva Yajna, sacrifice to the celestials; (iii) Pitri Yajna, sacrifice to the manes; (iv) Bhuta Yajna, sacrifice to all the creatures; (v) Manushya Yajna, sacrifice to men.
13. What is Meditation in Hinduism?
In Hinduism Meditation is defined as Yoga. Actually periodand what initially the the word used was Yoga. Yog in Hinduism means literally the + sign.
14. What is ment by Puranas in Hinduism?
The Puranas have five distinctiveness (Pancha-L various symbolical illustrations of philosophical kings and of Manvantaras. All the Puranas belong
Vyasa is the compiler of the Puranas from age to who is the son of Parasara.

about 400 B.C. Contained within this work is a great d Lord."
shna and Arjuna at the battle ground of the Great 2er of Arjuna. Here, Lord Krishna enlightened n to Arjuna. Just as the Upanishads considered cream of the Upanishads. The Bhagavad-Gita is s the Yoga of Synthesis. Arjuna saw his beloved field. Hence he declined to fight against them. At ge of the Self to Arjuna and convinced Arjuna :nces. As a result of Lord Krishna’s guidance, All his doubts were cleared. He fought against
cript of the Hindus, but also the best known and the ite the fact it was added late to the Mahabharata, around man's duty, which, if carried out, will bring Hindu belief is its endorsement of bhakti, and
the ten Avataras of Lord Vishnu. The endeavor of ormous danger, by annihilating the iniquitous d Vishnu are namely: Matsya (The Fish), Kurma he Man-Lion), Vamana (The Dwarf), Parasurama a race), Rama (The hero of Ramayana), Sri
, Buddha (founder of Buddhism) and Kalki (The e end of the Kali-Yuga).
ried out by everyone. They are namely: crifice to Brahman or the Vedas or the sages;
the word Meditation was coined much later Really Yoga is derived from the word "Yog"... and
tkshana) namely; history, cosmology (with rinciples), secondary creation, genealogy of , to the class of Suhrit-Samhitas.
age; and for this age, he is Krishnadvaipayana,

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The Puranas arose to popularize the religios conc fundamental natures of the Vedas. The intention minds of the masses the teachings of the Vedas a achived by concrete examples, myths, stories, leg allegories and chronicles of great historical event
The sages made use of these myths, stories, leger and chronicles to illustrate the everlasting philoso the common people and not for the scholars. This comprehend high values of philosophies or could meant for the masses with lesser intellect. Religio way through these Puranas.They are very motiva informations of all kinds.
There are eighteen main Puranas and an equal nu main Puranas are namely; Vishnu Purana, Narad (Suparna) Purana, Padma Purana, Varaha Purana Vaivarta Purana, Markandeya Purana, Bhavishya Purana, Linga Purana, Siva Purana, Skanda Pura Puranas and glorify Vishnu; six are Rajasic and g Siva.
15. What is ment by Mythology in Hinduis)
There are three aspects in each religion namely; 1 i. Mythology elucidates and demonstrates p great men or of Supernatural beings. ii. Philosophy is the fundamental nature of r
tenets, the goal and the means to achieve iii. Ritual gives a more concrete form to phil understand it. Ritual consists of ceremoni
Every religion has its own religious mythology. Mythology. As a result of this it is difficult to ma history.
There are great realities behind the ancient Hindu cannot ignored simply because it has the form of When mythology id dealt with intellectual aptitu truths are revealed and realized by the study of H delicate philosophical truths through myths in Hi Accordingly, mythology stamps the minds of the through instructive stories and illuminating disco divine life and attain perfection, freedom and im
16. What are Rajas, Tamas and Satva gur
Rajas, Tamas and satva are the three qualities of remain idle (do not work) then combination of th "final destruction" of the universe.
When an appropriate time approaches, the creatic God works in the above three gunnas that is, intl

epts of the Vedas. The Puranas restrain the of the Puranas is to make an impression on the nd thereby generate devotion to God. This is ends, lives of saints, kings and great men,
S.
nds, lives of saints, kings and great men, allegories phies of religion. The Puranas were intended, for
is because the ordinary people who could not study and understand the Vedas.The Puranas are )n is educated very easisly and in an interesting ting to read and are full of varieties of
mber of subsidiary Puranas (Upa-Puranas). The iya Purana, Srimad Bhagavata Purana, Garuda , Brahma Purana, Brahmanda Purana, Brahma
Purana, Vamana Purana, Matsya Purana, Kurma na and Agni Purana. Of these, six are Sattvic glorify Brahma; six are Tamasic and they glorify
m?
mythology, philosophy and ritual. hilosophy by the accounts of legendary lives of
eligion. It explains the fundamental doctrines or them.
osophy by means of which everyone may es, festivals, fasts etc.
Historical events are to some extent mixed up with ke a well defined distinction between myths and
mythology. Hindu religious concepts and facts f mythology. de must not be taken into consideration. Great indu religious myths.You can be aware of the nduism.
subtle and abstract teachings of the Vedas urses and paves the way for a person to lead a mortality.
las in Hinduism?
prakriti. When these three qualities of gunnas e same is called prakriti and this time is called
on is to be commenced again. Then the power of he prakriti and immediately the creation starts.

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Rajas guna is a sign of sensuousness etc., Tamas ego, pride. The human body is also made of thes
17. What is the meaning of turiya?
Turiya is the fourth stage of a yogi. First is jagrat then Swapana and Sushupth stages, there is no co by a yogi. When a yogi does hard tapas as prescr. the yogi attains Samadhi (realisation of God) in t
18. Are Almighty God and Atma (soul) are
Only God is omnipresent and Atma is never omn and countless. Every atma (soul) has his body-lil flies etc. In Vedas, atma (soul) is also called "Sw nor destroyed. Actually there are three matters w and Prakriti and each matter is separate from oth
19. What is the theory of Karma in brief in
The theory of Karma is eternal like the fact that, shows that human-beings are free to do any actio results of these acts are in the form of happiness : No one could keep himself or herself away, with beats, blinking of eyes, feeling of thirst-hunger et human intervention. Soul faces the result of his p the living body
20. What is mentioned in Veda regarding t
Yajur Veda mantra 32/3, states that “na tasya p being beyond calculation, beyond imagination an He cannot be recognized and represented by an i
21. Is it true that during "Ashwamedha Ya offered to the agni (holy fire with chanting of
"Ashwamedha Yajyen (yaga)" is a special Yajye welfare of the nation. Yashk Muni in his Shatpat "Ashwa" is nation. At some instances the incorre Yajyen to say that horse is slaughtered in a Yajy
The meaning of Ashwamedha Yajyen is, "to per The accurate meaning of ashwa in Vedas is nat that a powerful king who wishes to obtain chakra Ashwamedha Yajyen. The king who organizes t mantra and performs the rituals of the Yajyen by
Rigveda mantra 5/27/6 states that king and his pu a wealthy with all resources and a powerful king

guna signifies laziness and satva guna denotes aid three gunnas.
, then swapana and then Sushupth. In these jagrat, oncentration or any indication to realise the God bed in Vedas and ashtangayoga philosophy then uriya stage.
the same?
ipresent. God is one whereas atma(soul) are many Ke that of man, woman, animal, birds, mosquitoes, ayambhu" which means that, it is neither created hich are called swayambhu- Almighty God, Souls
լՇf.
normal words?
Almighty God is eternal. Yajur Veda mantra 7/48 neither pious deeds or sins. Nevertheless the and sorrows are rewarded by God or Natural laws. out performing any karma (deed). Even the heart tc., are all natural karmas which happen without revious live's deeds (karma) in the present life of
he form of God?
ratima asti' the meaning of which is that, God ld formless, He cannot be measured and therefore dol or a statue.
jyen (yaga)" horses are slaughtered and Veda mantras?
in that is carried out with Veda mantras for the h Brahmin Granth clarified that the meaning of ct meaning of the above two words, Ashwamedha en,which is completely incorrect
form the Yajyen for the advantage of the nation ion and not horse. Rigveda mantra 5/27/5 states Ivarthi Rajya (to be monarch), organizes an he Ashwamedha Yajyen listens to the Vedic controlling his senses, organs and mind.
ublic must organize Ashwamedha Yajyen to build gdom. In this way king must depute learned

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acharya of Vedas to spread the knowledge of Ved learned to be away from illusion and sins and mu: etc.
Thus Ashwamedha actually means nation. Ashwa The most important advantage of the Yajyen is th also is prepared as a part of Yajyen (if done by th Supremacy of the king. One has to seize the horse king. In the Ashwamedha Yajyen special unique Yajyen and Yajyen aahuties (offering items men
Pious desires are fulfilled, for natural seasons, tim Ashwamedha Yaj which is the best Yaj, is organi Yaj/nation. However, you can organize Yaj forth seven days. The sitting arrangement can be made and havan Samagri about 30kg are to be arranged world. You can fix time and date of March month arrange any learned acharya who knows Vedas, p again bless you.
22. What is Brahm muhuratha and what is
Brahm muhuratha is the period of time that comm a.m. and ends at Sun rise. That is to say, Brahman the Sun appears in sky and that time is around 4 a best time to worship Almighty God
Vedas especially Rigveda inform that it is the mo ritual like, practice of Ashtangha Yoga, Yajyen (
23. Is it true that, to get married within clo
Rigveda Mantra 10/85/21 shows that marriage sh different gotra that of bridegroom's. Manusmriti: from the six generations of parents is only to be n
24. Is it true that the sun (our planetary sta Pandavas to support Dhuriyodhana in 1
Karnna was a son of Rishi Surya and his mother's of five Pandavas. He learnt Vedas as well as warh against Pandavas. He was killed in the war by Ar as the Sun.
25. What are the units of measurements of
The astronomical time cycles(the units of measur astronomical and Puranic texts are remarkably sit Ancient Hindu measurement of times are still use employed in the teachings of Surat Shabda Yoga.

as all over the nation, so that the people must be st obey the rules and regulations of the kingdom
maedh Yajyen is performed by a powerful king. at it gives long-life to the whole nation. A horse e king) and is set to roam free. It showcases the to challenge supremacy of the rule of the said Veda mantras are chanted in the ceremony of the ioned in the rituals to the holy fire) are offered.
hely rains occur, to prevent natural diseasters etc. zed by a strong king for the benefit of the e peace in nation for three days, five days or approximately for havan. Pure ghee about 15 kg by you please, which is the best pious deed in the
which suits you. Then I can come or you may lease. Your views are highly appreciated and I
its significance?
hences in “ushath kaala' which starts from 4:00 hoohurta starts when first redness of the rays of .m., in the morning. This Brahmamoohurta is the
st beneficial time to perform any sort of religious yaga ,etc.
se relatives is a sin according to Veda?
ould forever be performed with bride from Shloka 3/5 declares that the girl who is away married.
r) is the father of Karna who battled against the epic Mahabharatha?
name was Kunti. Karnna was the eldest brother head learning from Parshurama muni and fought juna. It is really misleading to interpret that surуа
time mentioned in ancient Hindu texts?
ements of time) mentioned in ancient Hindu milar to each other. :d mainly for religious purposes. They also are

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The Hindu cosmological time cycles are express Chapt, 1,verses 11-23: (Surya Siddhanta;Verse 11). That which begins v begins with atoms (truti) is unreal. Six respiratio) (Surya Siddhanta; 12). Sixty nadis make a sider is composed a month; a civil (sāvana) month con (Surya Siddhanta; 13). A lunar month, of as mar determined by the entrance of the sun into a sign called a day of the gods. (Surya Siddhanta; 14). The day and night of the one another. Six times sixty of them are a year ol (Surya Siddhanta; 15). Twelve thousand of these Age(caturyuga); often thousand times four hund (Surya Siddhanta; 16) is composed that Quadrup The difference of the Golden (krtha-yuga) and th difference in the number of the feet of Virtue in (Surya Siddhanta; 17). The tenth part of a (Quac by four, three, two, and one, gives the length oft part of each belongs to its dawn and twilight. (Surya Siddhanta; 18). One and seventy chatur-y Patriarchal Age of one manu); at its end is a twili Age (krtha-yuga), and which is a deluge (pralaya
(Surya Siddhanta; 19). Inan Aeon (kalpa) arere their respective twilights; at the commencement length of a Golden Age (krtha-yuga). (Surya Siddhanta; 20). The kalpa, thus composed about the destruction of all that exist (bhoo), is a (Surya Siddhanta; 21). His extreme age is a hund night. The half of his life is past; of the remainde (Surya Siddhanta, 22). And of this kalpa, six Pat twilights; and of the Patriarch Manu son of Vivas (Surya Siddhanta; 23). Of the present, the twenty (krtayuga) is past, from this point, reckoning up number."
26. Give some idea about Fiji and the Hinc
The indigenous name of the Fiji Islands is Viti, a Ethnic Fijians call themselves Kai Viti ("the peo The Republic of the Fiji Islands is a multicultura European, South Asian, and East Asian origins. indigenous culture, but a national culture has not The republic includes approximately 320 islands land area is 7,055 square miles (18,272 square ki 87 percent of the landmass. Viti Levu contains th tourist centers, as well as the capital, Suva.
People from different parts of India, now called on sugar plantations. After their term of service, and business-people, others remained on the lanc

ad clearly in Surya Siddhanta of
with respirations (prana) is called real; that which ns make a vinadi, sixty of these a nadi. al day and night. Of thirty of these sidereal days sists of as many Sunrises. ly lunar days (tithi); a solar (saura) month is of the zodiac; twelve months make a year. This is
gods and of the demons are mutually opposed to f the gods, and likewise of the demons.
divine years are denominated a Quadruple red and thirty-two solar years le Age (chatur-yuga), with its dawn and twilight. e other Ages (yugas), as measured by the ach, is as follows: truple) Age (chatur-yuga), multiplied successively he Golden (krtha) and the other yugas: the sixth
ugas make a Patriarchate (manvanthara or ight which has the number of years of a Golden
).
ckoned fourteen such Patriarchs (manus) with of the Aeon (kalpa) is a fifteenth dawn, having the
of a thousand chatur-yugas, and which brings day of Brahma; his night is of the same length. lred, according to this valuation of a day and a r, this is the first kalpa. riarchs (manus) are past, with their respective vant, twenty-seven Ages (chatur-yugas) are past; "-eighth, Age (chatur-yuga), this Golden Age the time, one should compute together the whole
dus living there?
in Austronesian word meaning 'east or 'sunrise.' ple of Viti") or i Taukei ("the owners of the land"). l island nation with cultural traditions of Oceanic, immigrants have accepted several aspects of the
evolved. , but only about one hundred are inhabited. The lometers); Viti Levu and Vanua Levu account for he major seaports, airports, roads, schools, and
(ndo-Fijians, came to work as indentured laborers many remained in Fiji. Some became merchants
as free peasant cultivators. The early immigrants

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were joined later by freely-migrating people from came primarily from Australia, New Zealand, and In 1996, the population was 775,077. Fifty-one p 44 percent is Indo-Fijian. In the nineteenth centul population.
Fijian, Hindi, and English became the official lar Hindus in Fiji are descendants of either servants descendants of immigrants who came to the islan Constitution of Fiji, citizens of the country are In (Indian subcontinent), but not necessarily India. According to the Republic of the Fiji Islands' Dec population of Fiji is Indo-Fijian. Meanwhile, 76. being Sikhs, Muslims, or Christians. Hence, rou
27. Give Durga, Annapoorna and Saraswa
Durga Shlokam Sarva-mangala-mangalye Shive Sharanye Trayambake Gawri Na
(Siva symbolizes the efficient cause of the creatic Translation: Sarvamangala-mangalye - The one who is the au: Shive- the consort of Siva Sarvartha-sadhake- who is the means of accompl Saranye- who is the refuge of all Tryambake- the three eyed one Gowri-the fair complexioned one Narayani namostute- Salutations to you, Narayan Meaning: Salutations to the consort of Sri Narayana (Godd who is the Mastress of all, who blesses devotees: all.
Annapoorna Shlokam Annapoorne Sada poorne, Shank Gyana Vairagya Sidyartham, Bhi Mata cha Parvati Devi, Pita Devc Baandava Shiva Bhaktyascha, Sı
Annapoorne - the wife of Lord Siva; She who is Sadapoorne - who is always full of resources; Sankara — of Lord Sankara(Siva); Prana - the life-force; energy; Vallabhe - the beloved;
Jnana - knowledge; Vairagya — attitude of renunciation; Siddhyartham - to fulfill the purpose of Bhiksham — alms, food; Dehi - giveus: Namosthuthe - we bow down to Y devotees of siva and own country is all the three

India's merchant castes. European immigrants Great Britain. ercent of the population is indigenous Fijian, and y, epidemic diseases decimated the indigenous
nguages after independence in 1970. brought by the Britishers to Fiji in 1800s, or d nation in the 1920s and 1930s. According to the do-Fijians if they can trace their ancestry to the
:ember 31, 2004 estimate, 38.1 percent of the 7 percent of Indo-Fijians are Hindus with the rest ghly 30 percent of the population of Fiji is Hindu.
thi Shlokas and the translations of them?
Sarvaartha-sadhake rayani Namostute
on, Sakti symbolizes the material cause)
spiciousness of all that is auspicious
ishing all desires
i
ess Sri Lakshmi Devi), who is all auspicisous, succeed in their efforts and who is the refuge of
cara Pranavallabhe ikshaam Delhi cha Parvati » Maheswarah vadeso Bhuvanatrayam
full of food;
(You Mother is sakti, father is siva, relatives are the worlds.
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Oh Goddess Annapurna, Who art ever full, the be Goddess Parvathi -grant me alms that I be firmly Mother is sakti, father is siva, relatives are the dev worlds.
Saraswathi Shlokam
Saraswathi Namastubhyam Varad
Vidyarambam Karishyami Siddhi Translation; Saraswathi-(Goddess Saraswathi, symbolizes all f
Oh Goddess of Knowledge Saraswathi, Namstub boons; kamarupini- one who fulfills desires; vidya going, Siddhirbhavatu-may there be accomplishm
Meaning Oh Goddess Saraswathi: salutations to you, the gi begin my studies. May there always be accomplis
Quotation
It is not known for certain when the intellectua of God which is formless and infinite to a finit by the layman. The search for an appropriate unknowable nature of the divine presumably c. later Hinduism, the deity can be described by v
-Burton
If you worship the elephant-faced Vinayaka, your life will expand bountifully. If you worship the white-tusked Vinayaka, your desires and doubts will flee. Therefore, worship Him with love-offerings of jack, hoppers, plantain and mango fruits and thus mitigate the burden of deeds.
O, Elephant-Faced One! You are so near and we are far from You. You are in and we are out; You are at home, while I'm a stranger. Yet, You have destroyed my egoity. I shall sing Your praise forever and lay my garland of songs at Your feet.

loved life-force of Lord Sankara (Shive, Oh
established in Knowledge and Renunciation. otees of siva and own country is all the three
de Kamarupini
r Bhavatu Me Sada
orms of knowledge.)
hyam-salutatioSn to you; Varade-one who gives
arambaham-to begin my studies; karisyami-I am ent; me- forme; sada- always.
ver of boons, the one who fulfills desires. I shall hment for me.
l struggle was determined to relate the nature te, tangible form, which can be comprehended means of reflecting the unfathomable, ontinued in Hinduism. In some instances in what the deity in not.
R,(1992)Hindu Art.London.Page14
Saint Auvaiyar
Saint Nambiandiyadigal
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