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WIJAYA LIVES Mervyn cle Silve
Jayaweera on SWRD
men JayCutieke CSUdu. Hasan Nuri

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E5 EL WOII'S WOTI.
"Yes, Sri Lanka Was the fastion leader When it produced the world's first луга пап Pг пЕ МТП istg:T, Sirima Bandara laike, Widow of Prime Minister Salomon Bandara naika, asasiated by a demented monk nearly half a Century ago. She is Prime Minister right TIEJ W EUD, ELIt With a diff EFETICE, Her de Lughter, also a Widow - of Wijaya KLFTaratunga - Presidert Chandrika Bandararla ike Kumara tunga, İ5 boSS, ATid Candidate Chandrika's UppLTEft at the Presidential polls, was Srina DISSana yake, Widow of the glan UPNP minister, Garnini Dissärl FlyakL.
--47ی چZeمحمc --
As we go to press, the local government polls callpaign has got off to a bloody start with a gunfight in Kuruwita Towп, Ratinapura, between PA and UNP supporters, in which PA M.P. Nalalda EIlaWela has been shot dead. The Lanka Gillardian deplores the violence and calls for the substantial presence of intertinational obseTwers aut the polls campaign, the polling day and the immediate post-polis period.
Prass II a Fit KL FilarE Ali B.C.E. PA Cat Widow, Transport AthшIathпLIdali, Ea The "L" Stafi (Ath Lu|athrm Lada||i } t Party,
Enter DLula rija EE. Ja This time, but the da RETāSingh FrerTiad: TigET sլ II Ճ I de-էյԼյr TIEWYS DE DET TE POTES Cīdrik KLTālā EOld a presis confiar |QCal and for Bigm "Presidit Relea 5 CU ITI ITlission Re Implicates Premad Vijaya's kiling, say FIVE-COLIITTI I Figa||liri frԼյոt-բեցB of the s News (1297),
Premadasa, Ranjan
Involved in Wijaya": Sald front-page President TelIs LOCal
1297. Oil 5. Jay a kdy dd SL deriioliti or li job poni
Wijeral ng dunit" thi CC liitti EJLi tij Ti Cai: Presid it's Officia from the UNP, O interesting points. I Jaya kod y Was *** *(L'Tlaräfüriga Wā, Presidвлг J.R.Jaye, Presideлf алг/лту /ан AF PFIFF NFF ffig Exer:LItsve Powers. M. лог вvел гfї ошght Carrafg". A It ir Volviring Tha T1E3 y cl
 

GECUMD 1.
ই~~

Page 4
AN OFFICERAN
KARU JAYASURIYA: THEPI
A Wosurfeer army officer, who was in actѓve service Іл гле 50's ала! 70's, Кагш Jayasшлүa is a successfu/вхрогт0CLLCCLLLYSLCLLLL LLLLLL CCLLL S S LLLLLLLLSS S YLK бlfp.formatfс вхрвrfeлгee serving as A7338விர to கோகாy fபாது which Sffr 7f 7g gx Cg WWE id äť fra VEF fragrar ргогтлоѓfол. Адроѓлferf Cha/гглал of thв UVWP by Fir 7 is Wfckrar 77 Asīrghe, he is the most high profile candidate of the WWWP's Mist at the Lupo Cor 77 ing MWL rīlīcipa/ poss. He fielded questions posed by LLLLLL L LLLLLLCLLLS LLLLLLLLS LLL KLSLLLL SS SSLLLYLK Gшагdfал алd frs Siл hala monthly сошлѓвграгт, VїКа/ра.
O. Why did you corer to postics? You Were arribassador Fr German y You are a 5o a s Luccess f'LIN EL 575 S Immar7, How COM 77Ę yCOLI EFTEEred politic 5, first as the Chairmar of the Unirea Wational Party 777777 WEIS EYE UMWIPF77 ayaria/ Cardiidae for TV7E C sity of Coller 77 Ebro
A, I was пеveг keem оп haviпg a political career. It was President Frémada sa Wh0 first invited IIIe tO enter politics, that was soon after the assassination of Minister Ranjar Wijeratne. I worked closely with President Prema dasa in projects involving the private sector particularly in the efforts to set up a SAARC Chamber of Commerce. He also LLtHaLaLa a Laa LCaLC L CLaLLLLLLL LLLL L developing the export sector and specially organising the Expo '92 exhibition | renmēTTEEr that WE WETE able to attract TOTe than 3, 50C) F} : TLiCipants for that fait and this SLCCESS was largely due to President Premadasa's efficient way of working, Wher" | Was appoimited the ambassador = tö GérfTärly. I was entrusted with the task of attracting German investors to
Sri Lar1 kä. This y//. SOLIght I was di po|Irrat Sent to
Chi CSETI EN ECELISE : back ground whi Tia k g H Igor tri El Li. ti derīērīt
of the governmen
| didn't know the UMP personally bot hefn CitĪCried, PFT t WEC LE THE TET 1994 election d'E that he is not gres | de: dit tg tā gLd Brī responsibility. I do amb Itim S LJT || Should di Willä tĒ, the party and the | datidad LL HCCEd
ti EST LE Election 5,
C). Why to your w
Jf. Cijf jg ?
A. BBCEUSE tiin, Solvo the pressin Cities of CO HdtյբԼitri Lյf wha private Sector app by this is efficie resulting in än effir
O. Wi'r ar 15 yr ar yr ywi, yu u arë aleatër t'i you do for Color77
A.. I'm not talking Eifft b Llt a tam E. Solutions to the Colombo City - WE energies and the

DBUSINESSN
RYAIESECTORAPPROACH
5. Tot HIn app Girl LITiënt IHE first ITOn CarEEr Ger TTamily and I was If ITTY private Sector |Chi Efiabled IIIa to Is towards fLirith Eiring airls and objectives
IIESETIL lebiti E F Elf th: It admired the way tic larly his decision ple Trees after the - feat. That showed *dy forpower, When politics. I didn't think Listed With so Tuch not FraWe any political as think that WE er possible to help to LII try, That is why le to party's request pComing municipal
rמayדת g Theל, כfr קרar
: I should b) It it)! BTC) [[], []f{E}|#TT18 []f Thr: Imbo tl 1 ro Luig li th1 E: W. L. C. E. TāCh. W lat || TËäl it decision making :it: mit administration.
CPf 9 Taylor yw'r ar yw'r LNG"
a Cut 31 il divid La ffft|| rjer L fi
problems of the plan to harness the Expertist of Warious
Segments such as the youth, the poor, the professionals, Women etc. Our objactive Isto provida efficient services էՃ the people of Colombo be it iր education, health, transport or garbage disքյt Eal.
TS SSHa SL SLLaK CHLLS LCCLLLCLS S LYLLL Color Tho municipality since 1979. Tf3 Lg7i"; Fr is Lunderija Eise That the City of ColorTito Changed from a sleepy back Water in to what it is today, Drecise/y Lr der rhei U/WF st is Flso true that the Iuality of public services dateriorated drastically particulary in ffe last felv years The Hest Skarple is the problem of garbage. Why do you Think Y Fali yoL WOL I'd Élie a Eise TG do better? Ard why should the voters of Colom ito give the L WP and thar
ifirg;
A. I do not deny that there were many HaaLLHK HLK S LLLLLLL LLLL LLK previous administrator, Having said that I donot wat to dwell On the past, | Would rather look to and plan for the future. And I'm Confident that We Will ble H ble tC SO|Weimary of LHE CLITTEL LL LaaaLL LH L S LC CLL aL K S LSS SS S aSLLLLL approach. We will attempt to deal with T17 It Only the Tiajar Problems || ke garbage disposal but also minor issues like pavements, clean Walls,
0, What Is your faydL/rife City? What Is the City that you Want Colombo to Ej E sikE?
A. Il rather likE LO II don the Way it was twenty years ago. Certainly We should also look at the cities in the regioni like Kualalump L. But of course OLT first priority is tO I Thakee the city Clearner Hrhd healthier by cleaning up the garbage


Page 5
and ta king Carte of th1 Ba Tinosu It O.
ITIE || li II..E..
0. Cover 50% of the people of Coorrijo are sisu rir? - rPC s'han F y dwWaWars. Wafia dČ) yOLI PĒJ VĖ It cyffer to thesa people? It may be argued that there is vary title HGHa CLLL L LLLCLC HHCHH LCCCHHHH HHHLLLLLC քeople,
A. The wellbeing of the poor is one of the Tajor concerns of the UNP. Efforts Will be lade to improve the quality of life of this segret through the provisitori of Eto Etter fi ciliti E35, 5 Luch1 a5 Water, sanitatiÜrı Brid Even HOLISing-Wa Can get aid and assista T Ce frOT) OverSeas to carry CILIT Some of these POTČIgTETTITTES,
KS SSS S LLLL GuHLLaLLL LaLLLLLLL K LLLLCLLLLC LLLLLLL are sectorיות מ ugh theטach. Thסrםםם ITF y EE F773ra Efficien7 T, fit is also profit Totivated. Therefore often, ony tha LCLS LS S uLaHuaCL GLLS KLCCCLTT LLLHH HHHHHHL Lu CaLaLaLaHCS SS S LLLL uLHLHS HLLuuLLCL LCua SCCCCCHLL KS H S LLSLLaLLLLSSS LSSLS H a L YLLLLLLLS KH 57 y Wāy. Flow da ya L eris Lirë fria F yeJ LI Ir HHH L OLOutmaa LaaLLa aaaaauL LaaLLK Ha LLuLLLLL 7 The marginalisa fior) Of The JoJoro
A fully appreciate that profit is the Hattom ling of the private sector at the end of the day. What I meant by the private Sector approach is utilising the TË SOLITICES Of the CMC more efficiently in order to bring in more LS K K LLLK HLLLLLLL HLH LLLL aaK LLLLLL LL D-ro Wide better services to the poor and LLL LLLKLCLL LLLLS LLLLLLLLS LKLK HLHaL K partnership with the private sector which is a frned at helping all the citizens of Colombo including the poor,
O. Color Ed is a Lifetiric City. What WOLYME ya L do To Lilled Erigyes Ehef WEEarı The various ethnic and religious groups Who Wye in Colombo?
A. I dC. Tot believe in racial diffETETICES, We are all human beings. The future LUNIP administrati Carl Wil|| E.E. CLITTiTTitted to Serving a | the Citizers of ColoTT Do irrespective of racial, religious, class and caste differences.
L S SSSSYLLL LLuLLYLLLLLLL uuauLLL HL CCCmLL H G HH LCLCCLL the City. In many countries this has LL0CC LLLaS LLLLLLCLLLLS S SLLLLLLGHLHHLHHHH S KHLLLLHH and Sharity dweers. We 5 at 5 Тадделing in Sгf Lалka л thв гил гид to
the Wor, Algier C. Holy do yoL er SLre IO Clearl LEJ a To Ete, Cry to of difiers FJ r ? S'afif y dwyË Er
A, Whatever Wed humane approach, people and We are the poor, We will ri the city at the exp: in habitants. Ilir, Jr. problem as well as Tigration into the C will adopt the MIT. PTTIES -- til: HLLESE 5 Eid i 1 til 5 C buildings. We נן B LG וח וחraםם rם housing facilities to people of Colombo, E55|Stal CE,
C), WF7ā ar ffe COriggs, increa5ing y Worse:
A. What is Eded or bus servic. With Cold II. EO. This Wil|| more De ople to Lus ir15 tal-ad of private li ColorTibo City, This traffic problem an parking.
Cl, The Bгтplayees provided with a de Carry L T Taher frise garage cofactors With any kind off FErn 「로 77 TO a We Wfate filiis, elected mayorío
A, The employees Constitute the Tost That iristitutitill: '', COC perati T 1 TIC irls CM C or a privat develop and prospel responsibility to ErmբlՃyees and erisլ | Will discharge Lhi the best of Ty abi
Thays,
C), Norma y Fie tu srristes To The Drows ds warаг, Electricfгуу Br7/7/B. Dr383לץ E3לוז לtr
 

r7 fairearea liriji | 97 5.
that y raterpts ătffy the Crilor P'y affect ïfs, 5/L/r/7 التي يت
c) We will adopt a We care about the - Cered ELIt 2. Eritry to beautify en 53 of its poorer
ti i that of Ceasad ity In the fut Lire We Same policy as at of building fore a Se, multi-Store ed || Work out a Owide adequate the nor privileged maybe with foreign
problem of Traff, FC ft is ge TT fing
is an efficient train in the city limits of Take it possible for g Dublic Era risport 'E ti i ES WITH THE Vill red UCE EOLI tie id the probërimi cof
fff CMAC FE FF qLE TE facili fias to зs, For Eaхалттр/в the
are ripr provided YLJECT Five gear, r7 styr J. WGT WOL I'd you sffr ffort if you are
of E is tit Ltil İTıp Ortarıtasset of Witt the FL |tit Litirmi || bg it thig חy I Caחaם וחום)ם E: THE TEIf TE It G DIT Ouk Hift these re their Well being. S responsibility to ity if I am elected
fo Lifffo (MMC for O FP) forf, EEC';
ar7C SĨrrier facilfry : The CMMC Have Tii
Ha (Irifred Wirffn fhase närrow CorfirstF5 LL LCH H S aC S YCuCCHHL GHH S GLGHHLS KLLLLLLLS Lis Livige Sxfra Services so the Doors
A. This is an area I'm paying attention to We are Taking planos to provide SE TWİCES SUCH ES Ciday Cara Ceritres i Tid LLaLLCaLaa S S LLLLL0 LL S LLLa LaLaLLLaaL citizens. This will include the building of more parks and entertainment L Ents Es. We W|| al50 Wörk towards providing Thore facilities to our children,
Cl. Inte las coupe o years Ing Cl C W77.5 57 CICLISE' Jř sir PEUDS irrig Exorbritarr taxes on tax players. What are WOL gcuir ilg fc do a FOLF f f his probleef ro
A. We have no plans to ingTBase taxas in the irrin media Leo future, What I 5 İTıp Orta Tit Is to Upgrade the duality of the services provided by the CMC. Tax increases which are not preceded by imprgved services are LinjList and Si Ould TIL JE TESS Tited to
Cl. I'r 7 yio Lor pars E e de velop TV, a Colom 7 bol City What are the FP7 a for Obs: Ta C/E25 yOL fore see?
A, The Excessive politic isatiori of the Sri Lankan society Suth Societies arg rara im today's World, I think this polarisation basad om politics is the main BBSOn Tor the problem's We are faced with today. This politicisation has affected every institution in or society ble it the WCrk place, family, school, hospital of the police. If this
Cla riSation Continued We Will Eyerbe able to develop Our Country, We will Flavië to learn to put the Country First. The Way I see it an election is like a Cricket match neither the wictor ng LLLLaa LLLLLLLL LLaaLa LLLLS aLS aLaLLLL party. We must learn to accept the Verdict of the people with a good grace.
L0SY LLLL S LLLK KHK LSL S TLOLOLLLH S S KSTK SYLLLL P7a We to Corn rest the m7an Who Was your IJaFEW Treasurer for Tary Wears, Heuw Wis trīs affect you psychologica/Viy?
A. I have known Mr. Ganeshalingam for Tarly years, I do not have a personal problertim With hir, This is rigt a perSOnal fight bout a stro Lugglia based oni printiբles,
Cl. The L/WP is today Talking aliatt Creating a new posta / C / L. We


Page 6
LaLL HHHLYSS KSYLLL GtOS HH KCLCL TaaaL exteri ded I a cover the ar Eă rf development policy. Take the CMC for ar exampsa, Ask ar y forr77EEF FY7FF77-LP’er cyfrig CMC (o'r ary of The Carn dirfa fe.5 Whether they know the number of school saged Children in rifle Colomba City who do not go to school. Or the Lrr Her of gärhäge frucks Currerf/y KLLYY CCMH LCSK HCCCHHHmOS HHHLu LLLLLLLLS LLLLa reeded in the year 2000. There is l'Or LL LLLLLLY uHHaHLS CL CGmC 0LLLL00S Ta KLK erg any paris or preparations for is дsk алy of the Tayoral candidates whether they know what Ife annual LLLLLCLLLLLLL L LLHLa LLLSLS SY HaG KKC SK that they will make a / This Plaris, preparations and CascLa forts Wes. they come in to office. The CMC is LL LCLLLSLLLaCLGG HH LLuaaLaHaLHHLLL H HCHCL CCCLCLHHL KaLL S HHH L LLLL L S SL S S S S LHKS L u LuLCL LK SL Color 7 Eyjar d'Efis is a II major Weak File:SS.
போர் ராge
Stoppad the ower Enthusiasti C FA leadership from trying to implicate its Traditional BThe Thy, ATOITg LiO Thel Ranasing he's victims Were UNP SEwarts, like HarShā AbEy Wid Tid Erie, and Mladalal Ferrianīdi). A TOT HIErtärget was Prof. Stanley Wijes Und Hir - ë disciplinariam that CafT POLIS agitatOT intensely disliked, Besides, the Government analyst testified that bullets found in thESE investigations Tatched the bullets used in Wijaya Kumarat Lungai "5 killing.
LINP, MOWE
Here was a Wide oper "window of opportunity". No political party Would have neglected such a crucial fact File:55, Of CCD Lurse, it decided tC ig TlCO TE any recorded information that did not sluit its purpose. To be charitable, the PA's most glaring Weakness seems a crude, amateurish approach to propaganda. It is no Surprise then LO find Sri Kotha using the Word "absurdity" in its press Cortiuniqué ISLAND 7297)", "The absurdity of this Observation by the Commission is established by the fact that the late PräsidEnt PrgmädäSF was nQT nominated by the UNP as its Presidelta Candidate ".
A. agree with wh We have DDked in and wЕ will Tlake i the Coring weeks. ՇarTiբaign,
Cl, What ara yoL ga
ir 5 5 vā " 7 Cultu'r ffig D. Wi'n тгтсоливеллёл урлагт fi CMLJ ii rig wor7737)
Ti''' = TÈ,
A. We are looking of commencing an transpart service, areas Of Col CT1bC, 'Circle Line".
마. 「E P- 보. Jrésidaritial CCFF7F77
Ng og der the UN agit-pril Coller T propagarida" Sfi K
NDUNIF
Explaining why th Front) decide "SCUSSiOS" PC the local gwerri Ti Spoke SFTnam, Mr. Ra'' The press that thị Tot disappointmes of seats allocated
"the question of ur term No. 1 in the L. is "the abo||ti CITI Presidency". While La lith Fri Fatos por iri [.. WItalis5 LLB, il is LSE the Wise Words of
Presidetial Syster HE TI EHTIS : a riy El Cody WhŪ WāS is tile issue - " will give up all tha
book, Ms.Chandril Ti fijtj.
[W[]
The CWC 55 rārā Vī. ra yet to abrogate hi וחוח h LjavBםWHI CHbiet. Da SpitB De wel Opm.: Int Ms. Kumarat Lungä
 

at you arë saying. to these proble 115 Dur plans public in during the election
ing to do abour F*7e Дfter 5 р.п. тлеге var Tf7 Tā krig 3 ) CPLP { f5 fs exťre ri efy CL - for people who have to Work
into the possibility Յw imriar city բublic ÇOwaring varius rätter like the Cold
sing TF1 E var fČLES 55 for 15 exterisively
In its propagarcia car paign against your party. The LNP is accused of various Cries riding rer and fortre. Hoy tu you par T. resport
these accusators’
A. Our Secretary has already issued a statement Countering the report of the presidential commission on the a55aSsiration Of Wijaya Ku Tartu Tiga We wiwi|| magitt HC Other chargEIS EdLHring the election carПрајm, People do not believe these stories anymore. As for human rights, they know that there WES ET I Tills Lurgency and Certair pxcasses Täy have been COrTITitted in the atter Impt to met this Challenge, People don't believe in these lies
any r11ՃrE,
P dismisses the PA Iptuously, "Cheap [OtF15I ST1, EEETS.
REBUFF
a ND UNLF Lith ץ חaוח חaft B - 1. T to participate in ent polls, the party vi Ka Tumaniaya ke told 3. Tidin rEa SETI Was "It WE F LIFE FILU ThEj E-gro to the MDUMELF but kept polls pledg2S: Faith. Front's agenda of thig. Ex BCL ti WE one appreciates the i pled Star Ce Of this TLI | Tli FETT irid realers
Tichitect Of m, J. R.Jaye Wardem E. respondent - and "forblish" Enough to WO is the fool who tower..." In JRJ's ka Kurmā ratLinga Wa:S
- LITTE MISTIC, där är si que erbird. He has spact with the UNP a place in the UNP this, he is Livestock
MISTET *s Peoples Alliance
LSLaLSLSLSLKS SKLL u S S L L S LLLLL LLLS resignation nor is it demanded. And the PA cities ritյլ բress thE բՃiու despite Mr. Thom da mans per sistent delaid that the PA should re-oper negotiations with the LTTE.
Last Waak, MT, THOTi dāma told the Sunday Leader that the "other Tamil political parties are nothing but
TTEETs"
Narrheboards they lay Well be, but at te division EC2|| II Parlia Terit they dC give the 8 party Peoples Alliance a comfortable majority. Has the UNP lost Tamil support in the city of Colombo by NOT nominating the former Mayor K. Ganeshaling am? The UNP has fielded party Chairman (for Tier AIT bassador to GETIT any Karl Jayasuriya. He heads the party's City ist But party leader Fani Wickremasingle has made it clear that this is no anti-Tail or at-riority
TTT 'N FEB.
The pressures on the 7-8-9 party Peoples Alliance are such that the Linravelling of the PA or a sudden Crackup may come sooner than We think Rising living costs make the trade Liunior1s restive, Perhaps thea PA, Watcher wil have to keep an allert Bye after the EEtio the kes of Mr. Batty Wggråkrar rather tharl On Fils leader, Mr. Bernard Soysa,


Page 7
FORUMON INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY (SRI LANKA) ON ISSUES IN RELATION [[] GAII AGREFME|| 8 ||0.
CL LL LMLLLLLLLL0 LL LLLLLL TuuuC u uu aaLaL L LLLLLLLLm LLS LL LCLCLLL LL LLLLLS LLL LLLLHKLLL LLLL LLLLLLLLuuuauHu LLLLLLLGGGG HHHaLLLL LSuLLLLL LLmmmLLLLLL HLLL LLLLLL TTLa aL CCCmmCLuCuCC LLLL LLLLL LLa HL SLL LCa aLLLa YLu uu SLLL mtHLHLL S L aaSSS 00000 LL LLLLGH GGGGGC atE SS SLSLL LLLLLS LLL HHHHHHHHLLLLL LLL LLLL LTLLLLLLL LLLLGL LLGmHm LLLLLL L LLTL LL LLL LLLLLL W.R.Krishna | WET, Dr. Ashok Mitra, M.P., Dr. Muri Manchiar Jeshi, M.P., and Mr. Georga Ferrides, M.P.
LL m LLLLaaL L al LLLLL S LLSSL SSSLLLLaaLLL S LLLLtSaLaLLLSS SLLSS Mr.S Tha Warajah of EPDP and Mr.Suresh Premiachandran of EPRLF and Was led by Hon'ble Was Jdeya Manza ya kara, Member of Farliament. Large InLJTiber of LLLLGGLLGLLLLS LLLLuuLLLLSSSss LLLLLLLLS LuuuLLLLLL LLLLLLLLS LL LlLLLLLLL LLGLL LLL LLLLLL the World participated in this Conference
LL TLLTGLG LLLLLL H L LLLL LLLLLL LLtaL LS LLLL uK uuuLLuLuLS LL S LLHLHHL LaL LLLLLa S LLLL uuuLtmu S LLLLLLLH LLLLLL lGGGLLLLLLL uu uu u LHaaa aa SLSLSS LLLLLL LLaaLLLL uLLLLLL LLL LLLGLCL a LLLLLLLLuuSuu LLLLuuua K uK LL LL Was to hield in Singapore in DECET BEF 1995.
A systerTiatic analysis of the background of the GATT agreement was presented by Lu u u uL LLLLLLLLmmHmHH HHH HLLL LLmmLLL L LL LLuLLu u LCLLLLLLL Laa HGL LLLLS SS Industrial ändrich Tatians that Wild benefit Out Of the GÅTT agreement and WTC) H aL aLaL LLL uu LLLL LLLLLL aaLLLLLL G L u uu LKL LLLLLL H foreign companies for their supply of inputs. The sessions Were concluded with a joint declaration. Some of the main features of the declaration areas follows:
| The developed Countries were seeking to enlarge opportunities, privileges and LLCuuuuLLLLLLL LLLLLL LLLLLLLL0L LLGLuaaam a LLuHLLa L HLLLLLLL LL LLLLLL resources to enlarge the exports and exploit cheap labour of the developing COLT tries.
2. The TRIPS agreement which is part of GATT seek to strike at the roots of Human Rights especially in the area of Health Care, Employment opportunities LL LLLL uLK K SLL GL LLLTT TT LL L LLLLL LLLL L LLLLLLL ingredients of the very right to IVE,
S LLLL LLLL LLLL CLGGGmmmtmL uuuLuuLLT LLLLLL a HLLL CCL L LLLLLL a LLma LCa LLLHHL L LLLLLLL LLLLaa L LLLLLLLL aL S LLLL S LLL furthcoming WimistéisialTitating it. Sing=p[IE
KS LLLL aCCuLu L LLuuu LLCCLLCLLLL LLLLaLL L amLLLLLLL LLLLLLL LL GLLL aLLa u LL uuua LLLL LL SSL SLLS a S LLLLLS 0YS February 1997 to:
FOILITI In |||r|l|Electual Propert Sri Lanka CONTISSJgs in relationi ta GATT Agreement E, WWTO, IND, 103 C, Summit Flats,
Kepptipičila Mawathia,
Cըitյրէյը ԱE.
WasLudEWii Niiniyakarra M. F. KM. DOLlglas DEVababda MP SLITESH PENTäChiaridiran
ਰੰਗ
 

sUNIL, oN MANIK
| Write to correct se Veral irla CCLII racies аррвагіпg in articles in the Lanka Guardian of 15 January 1997, under the title "The Making of Sirimavo Banda ramaike" by Mariik Sandraisagra and the Filrını Review by Historiacus,
| should like to state that I am the producer and director of the documentary "Siriravo Bandaranaike" and had full artistic control of the entire production. The Carl Eram Erl Were M. D. Mahinda pala and Channa Dé5HEpriyā.
S LLLLLLL LLLL LLLL LLLCCCaa aLCCLLaL LLLLLL LLOmL LLLLLLLaGG Channel, the company that produced the documentary, and wish to state further that all parties involved in the LLLLLLLH HatLLLLL LLaaa LLLL LLLLS S S LL S aa LLLLLaLLS
| trust you wi|| publish this letter in yOLIT next editio F.
Yours faithfully, Sgid , SUNIL STUNAYA KE Managing Director
MANIK ON SUNHL
At long last the Oracle has spoken. SLJin || Sit Umaya ke has Come OLit of the Closet. Lgt the memory of Sol. Banders be praised Producer, Director, Managing Director and ACCountant with total artistic and financial control to disburse Rs.3 Tillion which was the cost of the documentary programma "Sirimawa Bandaranai ke!" According to Sunil all parties involved in the production CCL LCCC CCCL HH TLLS SLaCCCL CC LL LCCCTCTT GL CHLHLT since he clairns to be Producer, director and Managing Director. Besides Tyself befrg derfeld a Crédras we/as my fee, a 5 star hotel Business Bureau is yet to be paid CTS C S 0 00SS TLT LCCLLHHT GCC CCCCCLT YTuLLCLLLLCLCLL LLLLLLLLY LLLLLCCLL LLLCLLLCLL LCCLH CCCHCTL CCCHHLLCL CLCCCCCLCCCCTLLLLS LLSLLL K S H LLLLLLa LLLLLLS S SSLLL L S LL S LLLLLLa a S LL LLL LLLLLLLLu Rs.200,000/=, the Director Rs.200,000/-, AIC production fee Rs.226,575 - General Expenses. Overhead RS,229, 233 - Living Expenses R5,375, OOO- I a T SLIre Tihtisi FTH 5 EJECT Paid
| - by Enri ParFor Endohnny Hari
| ༼དེ་
The above illustrates my experioric with the city.
Warrik Sir 7 drasagra
LS0S S SLLLLa LLLLLL LLLLL LaLa LLLLLLa LLLLLL LLLL SLLLLL LaLLLLLLL and Garrini Fonseka, among others, I have great respect for the Credit titel "Director", An Organiser is not a Director, I cannot buy the modern interpretation.


Page 8
FCOMM
10 CAL POLLS AND THE |
" . In the Hig lig there Is a Gertair for CE of Credibility's beca LISE th El broad masses of a ration are always more easily Corrupted in the deeper strata of their emotional nature than Consciously Of Voluntarily, and thus in the primitive simplicity of their minds they more readily fall victims to the big lig than the SFTlä || |ỉB, sffice thEỵ tham SElựE8 Cyftar tEl || 5 Illa|| Ili 25 in little Tatters ELUL Would HE asharned to resort to large: aLaLaLLL LaLLaLLaaaaLLLLLS LLLLL HH LLL L K L S HHHHLK LLLL uu LLLLLL LLLLL LLLLLLLaaaLL aLaaaL Intruths and they would not believe that Others Could have the impuderice to distort the truth so infamously, The JTO5Sly impudErit lie Elways Eaves traice5 Behind it al. En after It Has Bee nälled down“ Adolf Hitler (MEin Kämpf
Wher President Chandrika Barcararia Ike Kuma faltung a claimed at a re terit Conference, that Ranasingh: Preradasa and Ranjan Wijeratne hawe beer implicated in the Essassination Of Wijaya Kumaraturiga, she was firing the first Salvd in the politic propaganda battle for the IOC al government iristit Litir 15, There is fi OJ C tlier Expolari Editiori for hieri tiring - after all the Report of the Commission of Inquiry into the Assassination of Mr Wijaya Kurtlar atu nga Was presented to the President several Ionths ago and Copies were available to the public at LaL LL LL LLL LL L a LKLLLaLL S SLLLLS L LLHHLLLL the Lanka Guardian to publish a Comprehensive analysis of the Report in its December 01st issue). Contrary to the general expectations, the President kept murn about the Report, LS LaL S LLLuaLaLaa aLLa a LLLLLKLCL gi WEF1 to the IntETTiational Harald Tribu me during her trip to France. This siliance WES SE UTI Expected that thịETE „Was awgr
TiSaramee
speculation that this Prü5ident. Wä5 ägtual| Report for not Takin Ππα ΓΕ μΓ Er III να r: Η Rana singhe Pre Taj Wijeratifie, WI EFI Find UdETESTā irith Sigri. She Was biding her ti hBT "t |hi LIrırdeBrbIE" Ir1
cause maximum polit riwal, the UN.P.
When the Report wa PES Etruri segments of the Re refer EICE5 to Mess WWijer Hitle Viyere filizad prËSS (The statë own this as the lead story in S5, the next day) | ITT Ediä t = T BEHICLIO II
strongly Worded pres by Sirise la Cooray
LE CITET OF THE E Neither the gove President replied this
WEET SEE TELE THE Wijaya Commissi la Luri Chiling F3 ad af :JCIVET FITTI Erit electico Presidert Tay ta WE VI||EE Eble C OS ի է: taus B C to tray, Pr E.: III ETIL Pr ETT15 II- E Wij Erat in E from the against them by tյr1= hiriri Self today EDECOrTi Ether PT Sid Eesti However, things wi differ Erity. PTC,si di gauntlet was picked L. an. Presidert Frgil Dulanjalee and the U therefore is back II thi

BIG |E
Guna.Sekara
WEIS EIE CELISE THE W LITihappy With the g El StrOriger and H | || II dit Tert of da sa and Ra Tijar sight it is easy to : If the PTEEīdEL, ITE, Waiting to 1LI1 SLCh a Way as to iCal damage to ler
spresented to the if of 7996, those part which Tada Si Pre Tadasa and E available to | Fie Ed Press published WITH HEпГЛЕГ НЕВЕ
hi5 Cai LJG 3d = |In the for III of a SSEEterT1 Briti55L ed il His Capa City as Premada sa Centre. "Ti Tigrit IT THE
I ELETE TTI ETit.
HBCIsfor to use tHE Report as the the PĀ, o 5 || C | rl tampaign, thB thought that she O. Withi impunity - WH10) Ddaf Emil E}} 5a ard Minister charges levelled Commission, has e the victim of yet a COTIllis SIC. Orked Out Father, ent Chandrika's p by both the UNP 3 dasa's da Lughter, NPit SC|| T. TIE Eja || e PTËSI È L'S : LITT
and Whether She Wil|| TESOFT TO Ta Citics Df Evasion Đnce again or whether she Will ChargE back into the fra y TEmains to be seer. Minister Dharmasiri Semanayake's lame performance Or T.W. Monday (Feb. 10th) might was hardly a substitut.
A Credible Presidelitial Counter attack. LLCLLL S SLLLS S a LLLHHL LLLKLHH S LLL LLLLSLSLSSS particularly consido ring the flinsy foundation om which the findings of the Report rests. According to the Report the evidence against President Premadasa and Minister Ranian Wij Erat 12 Consists of the testim Cirilies of three people: a JVP suspect who clair is that he was arrested by the CID in Collection. With the assassination of SP Terence Perera and the Digare Peoples Bank robbery; a junior police officer involved in the investigation into the assassination of Vijaya Kumaratunga ad : FA Prliarietaria. Il From the Gampaha district, The evidence by the first FWD Consist Solely of Statérrents Ta de LCD the TT by two de ad people - thE T.Bir HC COITII PoliCE Of Wijaya's H55 assimi and another police officer involved in the Wijaya in Westigation; the evidence Of the third Witness consists of the disclosure that the Rupawahini Carried afalse newsitem Concerming Wijaya and the JWP the day before the ASSBISS imaticorn - but Evựem a CCCarding to the Report the paper containing the Order to the TV crew was missing and "therefore We do not know the source of the Jrder" |F, 64).
The other evidence III CILI : Ed. The testimonies of the sister and a family friend of Tarzan Weerasingle the main a CCOmplice of Wijaya "5 a55aSSIT) and tWOSuspected Criminals detained by the CID polUs ar a TOTIWITICILS || Etter serit tO The Of the Witri GSSGES. It Was basad om this conclusive evidence that the Report Talde its TI OTTI SPECIfi C findings agai Tist President Premadasa and Mr. Wijeratna.
LLL LL aLLLLLLS LS S LLLLLLaaH L SSL S S publication too can be judged both by W lat it EJEli EWEES III FTIC: What it doesn't. The evidence the Report refused to believe in makes as much interesting reading as the evidence the Report did Believe Irl, TH13 list of WitnesS05 The Report diedn’t HeliEWE in include te Director (CID), ad T H E Additional || Government Analyst as well as a former Direct of CID fore GP


Page 9
The Report followed a similar logic in discover ing the Toti Wes for the assassination, Not Only does it ignore ail the evidence of Wijaya's struggle against the JWP since 1987 and the JWP's hatred and entity towards Wijaya; it also bends Over back Wards to give the JWP a clean bill of health. Further, according to the Report there Was a Conspiracy to Lindermine the in Westigation into the Wijaya" s assassination. The participants in this Conspiracy which was the result of a "guiding hand included" all the police officers involved in the investigation in general and PC Sangara Rajendran and Senior police officers. Sheriffdeer and Thuraisingham in particular.
Gofng Ly the Rвдогг, tha assassinагfолт LSL S HHCCCHCHCCL CHCS LLCH S LJLKS S CCLCCCCCLLLuH LLL LCa SJLLL LLLLLL CHCL LCLCLCCL CC KSS S CC LL KCLlLGGH CCuL S LCa LGLCCL LL KCLLS h Lura dired police officers who, actiirg ассогоїїпg to the ord'ег of this gшѓсїїлg hard, allowed the assassis to ger away after the murder. What we are LYLLL LLLYY LLLL C LLLLLLLGLLCCL CTT LCCCaLY KCLCLOLOLSS /шлdread/ да//ce offfсагs (big алd sлтта/// wага іїтfоглned by the "gшѓd/ng һалd” Ele fore or ir 77 ir Fred Fates y affer the a7ssHssir7a rior) { /had t thay rT7 LIst r7 or a ct г://iggлт/y fгт catchfлgy the assassins of Wijaya Ku'r Tiarad i Lunga. A mind-bogglinig scenario Indeed One Wonders how it was dome? Through Word of mouth:2 Or through Circulars? What was the uLLL LL HH C aLLtLaLLLLS LLLLLLL K aL LLLLLaaaaa a word of it getting out Not a mean теat especially in Sri Lanka. Evaп тому, with a different government in office, not a single officer has come forward LLL SS S LCCLLL K0 LSLLL L S LLLLL LHH LLLKKa 'errancy' was orchestrated,
Now we cornia to the all important question of the "guiding hand". Whose was it? According to the (non specific) findings of the Corrission, the "guiding hand" would have been either Mr. Premadasa's or Mr. Wijeratria's But Mr. Prema dasa was only the Prima Minister at that time, a Prime Minister without any executive powers; he was 110t Ewell the Presidentia || Candidate. Therefore, the police departптепf could CL CLC KCLL GLGL CCCLLLL LLLL LLCCLLGL GCLCC CHCHLHS Y LK CHHCHHLLLL LLLLL LLLLCCSS S YLL L0CCCLS CCL desligratesy rrissgufdec ffe er frei fлvestigatiол fa process regшfring the солтріїсїy ofhшлdгеds ofдо/їce offїcers frar rop ra Horrorf) Lrder f= wEry LLHHaLK LLLL LCC LLLLLCL S LHCH LLLCLCHLLLL
Minister J. R. Jayaw MY FF75 far for IE) A IHLINE TTITILITE – Vi ал үthing aboшг Лг. HE WAS TIL EWETTI, a the possibility that the guiding hant fetched.
The Report gives questions. Why Wa: provjed beyond a ra the relationship bet JWP was a hostile, ECCO Lit? TER artificial attempt W By Mr. Premadaga) impression that Wija Course With the JW was that Wijaya , Course. With the fEW Tim On TIMS QT || 15 in Creasingly strider fact he was probabil' W10 da Edt Critici: by name, in public. :
a Vijaya's final put
- Camp EE || Park b) Speech made
camp at Doraw
Jarl, 1988, c) Spa EC || Tiada
Organised by Students Uni University to CCT dBathi anniWEITS ar Pā tirānā - Jā Hd. d) Speech Tade
Nadarna Mlaras JWP (Now, 198 Cemetery)
The question Can steps were not take of Wijaya "5 last few Copies of newspap also issued a LIT tapas in which the before his assassin his killing aft Er War: this Was a tape Rohana WijleWeera IT WEC ti W e O
Mr. D, E. W. GLIrla Seki currently Chairman Parliarent S JIl af "Listem to the last i Rohan H. Wijf wee mentioned in the that Wijaya Kumara Si | Wā Wä5 LICE Wä
 

гоїеле алdtЛe Sfaѓе IfEg FC e Mr. Lig WTF "hоглf thвлт Kглоwing As for Mr. Wijerate, äEin Bt MinistEr arid is WCLId have been is SVEr mür D far
Set H II Liber of they dan CE-3 Which istriable titյսիt that rveen Wijaya and the One not taken in Lg Crt Says that an is made fastensibly to "create a public a Was Ori a Colision P" (PGAE), TFE LFLuth Was On a Collision WP During the last life Wijaya took an t anti IWFs ta rid; iirl the only Left leader B the JWP and Ofter One cases in point:
lic speech (88, 1,28
at an Ed Catina | eruwa, Kurunegala
at the meeting the Independant DIT COf CC | DITEDO In memorate the first y of it's leader, Daya 198 E NEW TWIT
at thE, FLIFETHI COf righe killed by the 8 Ai u radhapura
tot but arise Why in to listen to tapes speeches or obtain ir reports. The JWP yer of leaflets and
threalened Wijaya
tion Hrid EOndorled 3. FOI TETT, Ost HTIO ng f the WP | Eader which he heaped
Vijaya, F-3 TE for Ter MP afld FLupJawa hini said in ar Wijaya's death : is sette of the JVP. a. The ran E is t Cassetta, t Say5 Iriga, Colvin R de lana yakka r a l a r1 d
LSSSL0LLK SKL K LSLSLSL LL S LL LLLLLLLLSS a a pumished, / fold Mr. Wijaya Kur77 araturga алd Mгs. Cһалоїrїќа Кшлагагtллga abош the situation 9 months ago.........Why was this person killed? Because his face Wasi El Gautiful and the Other person's face is ugly? Or was it because he was a DILITInent youth leader No. Because of the accord which was going to be signed on the 21st" (i.e., the formation Of the USA).
It is an open secret that Mr. Kumaratunga received a number of death throats from the JWP. This Was stated by his mother, Mrs. Clara Beatrice Kumaratunga in her first letter to the Wijaya Commission Mrs. Kumara tunga Said "I know full Well that there Wara JWP death threats against my son when he was alive. He also got letters threatening to kill hill". It should be borne in Tind that Wijaya was extremely LKLaLLaLL LL LLL LLLaLLLL LLLLL LaL LLLL LLLLLaLLLL sometimes Used to oper letters sentito Wijaya | The fact that Wijaya had received death threats was revealed in the in Westigation into the assassination | LI Il Ear TE Presidency Of Mr. Jayewardene) (Police "Sources added that the late Mr. Kumaratunga had been receiving a series of threatering letters. The Counter SLIEV BrsivE Lrift TIC Wä5 àWärE Df †f Eise | ett Er, 5 OLITICES added", THE Island 13.2.BB).
One Carl Tot but worder why this angle was ignored. Why were all the above Termitioned pieces Of eviden C: el implicating the JWP in the Wijaya assassination ignored - particularly warious anti JVP statements by Wijaya and anti Wijaya statements by the JVP Why Was tha leafletissued by the JWP's military Wing, the DJW, proudly claiming responsibility for Wijaya 's assassination and justifying it, ignored?
If the President contin Les to Luise the Wijaya Commission Report as a Weapon against the UNP in the upcoming local government election carTipaign, the country Will expect her to give reasons for these many sin 5 of Comission and COITTI 1553Ti


Page 10
POLITICSIN
ALLEVIATION'S
"We will ensure that the Janasawiya recipients will immediately receive the LLLLLK aSLaLL S S S S SSKLLLS HLLL HL S LLLLLL government claims to have deposited ir tanks om baha | T Of Each JalāSa Wiya beneficiary", Source - Election Manifest of the Peoples Alliance August 1994 - Page 19.
Poverty has played an important role In the Laikal Electioris siri CE 1913, However the understanding of poverty was a facile compa, WhEarn orie political party thought a free measure of rice vi| root OLIt the CaUses of poverty, the Others hoped that either two measures of rice of some free ration system will do the needful. But nothing happened, except for the rich becoming richer and the poor becoming pcorer. The Se aaaaLLLLLLLaaL LLLLLLLaLLLLS aaLaLaLLLCa aCaL perceptions were to hawa sEr i OLIS politi Cal, SC Cial and ECOTC) ThiC repercussions,
the late 80's. It was revealed that One half of the population still lived EJEl CIW, the pOWEerty lin E. INICI ConstructIWE Ef fort Has begri takEn Faith Er to study the root cause of this Cycle of poverty or to implement a viable programme to Lupolitt tha liwing Staffidards Of the DOOT ard to eTable it HEITT LEJ Stard Öff their ÖWml feet instead of de perilding Ori others. The wari Cu5 dEWE ICp. Termit programmes Cf E LUCCESSIVE governments rarely catered to the basic needs of the poor. Curcepts and projects, micro credit programmes and social empower Tient of the poor did not occupy significant positions in the
Country's develop ITIE
The Jarasawiya Prog Liced in this ci prog Tai FTITTE desig TIBI root causes Of C COritairied a CGT Component of RS, 10. Lup a total of Rs. 25, C) үеагgrantрегіоd. Iпs lump SUm the th JEČILJEd to CJпJETI
into a sa Wing WF VIt Hidra W. The EE given sawings book: Rs. 25,000- lega National Sawings B; fITES WETE LO DE = paid a monthly inte Per mont. The parti the option of using
as a Valid gLiara Titi E3 thrըugh all recogn |anding instituti OPTIS.
THE PA NJIH I LEFT " opposition Cried fic Plādgari that thay \, 25,000- as a LIP
familias. This pedge fé Jfff Fo sIL
Wild is LHE PA, dir }g ILS electIחחuםחםח tai AC0 C0, 000 JS: deciding to termin: rilt-inthly interesԼ բa Df January 1997. TF հHs ԷյEEri DOStբոnt: Lhe local governmen – J bo'\y iOLus|"y bIBCEd Lu: démon 5Tr FITs (115
 
 

G POWERTY
TAMPING OUT
RRY
S.H.A. Mohanned
rit stratEgiE5,
rårnrre JSF) vas text. It was a d t addTESS thig Werty. The JSP Foliu | stir y 52 Wing 42 - each making 00 '. C'EST TIE TWyd tead of payingthis En gower Fırtıp rit Լիբ R8, 25,000|- yi Chi CFT i Dit be: neficiarigs Wgrg S LO the Walue of y issued by the Elk and || E. JSP ad II TāCE WETE - Tց։լ Լյf R5. 250)- tipants WETE given thig. Sawings book E3 til Etair || Jag is Ed JJW Erri|T] Erit
as than it ul over this and will grant this Rs. Suri i to all entitled li was car farmar ir7 .םifasfחaוח חנfr
gtoday? How is it Om pledge to TlOrE SP familias? By tg til RS3, 250 - f 01stם t asחEוחW is imple III Britation | till May - i.e. until Electifis fEl OVE
GE THE FILLI TIETOJIS
and meetings
Organisad by Janasawiya families Clearly indicate ho vy extre Tely LInpopular this decision is,
RATION STAMPS
As a result the PA regin The has started issuing a ration Stamp Walid for five Im Oth3 |T1 pola CEE of the Torthly interest payments, until the heat of the polls are over. Tha JSP, гесірfапts wғзге chose through a process in which flere was var y Wirra Foo Wirica / th/yח טוזו fion. Th B 250y'sחterveחה fлterast paугтагтrs wвга гтаdg thгошgh govагллтталt post offїces. Вилт тоday fп obtaining the ration stamp these JSP far flies are at the fiercy of the חiaחלום נak as = h HrנזWWFWar הr(ThשנתSgr ард Jofrтгgd hy the local rгл/frg даггү гтїал7ђgг of Pаг/їалттgлІ.
Earlier the sawings book issued by the National Sawings Bank was an acceptable and valid piece of dOCLI lent which could be used as a guarantee in order to obtain loans. The present system of ration stamps issued for the first fİVE TOT this of the year FlaS TO Such value. This clearly proves that the entire exercise of the government is an outright farca.
The government which has imposed no restrictions or importing luxury Wg hij G|BS FICT IT | 5; LET 5 - 3d
parliamentarians, is out to get the Rs. 25[]|– TTlCF1th lỵ Bao TT1=IIt gĩ TT1[]fE: tham Rs đ00,000 JSF Tamillies. It is wory clear as to which people's interest the "Peoples A || ia mica Gowerm mant" is representing,


Page 11
(Tfi E. J.Lifflar whn ÍS SErifar Fasaare-h Sicilio ar ar The Institute of Reggiorna | Gf Lifes, sēr Tatja, īsi Wfsīrijarig Professor, TCCCL LT S LLCCLCHuLLu KHLHHL S aCCuCLaLaL aaLLLCLLCSSS Currid-E-Azar Liversity. He has also Beer a Wisfing Fellow di The Harry .J.נחםgחולfral'a5fחge חםsי5firT
Are attempts towards Conflict Resolution CR) in South Asia like chasing shadows? AFB techniques arid mechanists learnt from WWE:stETTI Experier CE35, 3rd som LL LLLL L L S L L L L L L L L S L S L L S LLLL KLL transplant? Do conflict resolution Tea SLIres hold arıy Televarı CE at al for SOLIt Asia Orth Byare a exercisa il SHEET CSfTi etics? Today, 5 JT1 e ft HESE cluestions agitate the Tilds of Tarly concerned and well-Teaning South A, Sia I"1S.
COfflict Tesalutior, Hi5 a Cori:Epit, arri VEd LL LSLLL LSSL S LS 0aaLLLSS S L SLLLLLLSS LLLLLSLLLL LLLL for sner super DDy Ers and West ET n EITJ Jean ratiö Ils started prattisirgit iT the early 1970s, in the case of South Asia it was only in the Tid-to-late 1980s that the gravity of the idea was realised. Part of thE TEH5CJI WETE THE Ewg military crises (1987-88 and early 1990) which ri di arid Paki Star ESty Ci rivalsad to facia. Fi ft Liniat Ealy, these Gris ES WEITE daf Lusad du C to the timely conflict LCaH HaaLaH LCCL LLLLLLaLaS LLaaLLLLS aLLLLLLL essentially Conflict Avoidance Measures LSLS LLLLLLS HLLLSS LL LLLLLL aLa LLLLLaLLLLLLLa L Building Mgasures (CBMS). Taken together and if pursued to their logical end, in good Barrest, tiley Co. Lild TBaringfully contribute towards conflict LL LLL LLLL LL LSLLLLLLaLaLLLaLH LS aaLLLL KSaLLLLS
Following the end of the Cold War and the Traditional Super power rivalry, thare Sane editore conceptualise the concept of Security and develop Tent, Presently, inter-State Conflicts Over rC.5OLIrCe, anvironment, human rights and Ethnolinguistic issues are becoming more uL LLLLLLa H aaCHCCLLLLS S Saa LHaaLLL aaa aatH prematur to th3 CC laborat the darimi SC uu a LLLLLaaaL S SLLL a L S LLt LLCLLLaLLLLLLLaL System – af institution that stil Szists,
Hanco, it needs 50 probleIT|s or else the shugting WBr5 if 5Lu Theasu TËS E TE TIOttal Bxperi Bm CC., fror yn Cothi conflict mitigation a SEET, EBS E: di GiB i efforts towards Coil 1935-ES I ELIC I the Middle East, th Centra Arrica arī Asia-Pacific häwig E3 |E 55 Drl8. Ädritt Bd TGC) i W3Cd mUch atta but it could gain IT ČASE - IT WEES. EF EEad
politi CE I TOLETTI iSat
ParadoxicJly, v of тогIау дrovїd'e rтваг! i'r terra fio rhaid / P(E) 7: д'їffargлг дагтs of і og ISS HEI firos Lif r Вtлffffs arтfroлү гhai fles. FJ FET EF || татгвгs алг/ дагал change that have
{;lif, וfes frחLIriTם? Middle East 'tava
Sir ECJ r ffrT erT r... WHä TE SO || Luti CT WHITET
:Offlicit :) TitairTETI bgst fitful Hrd Half
PASTATTEMPTAT C)
Realistically sp Bi independer CB, Hoth HESité tär LLTS tät Centre || LO 3IJFTIE
confirlance genera Tlay aCl as a prel L.
Estir. These Nehru Pact (1951); IT SCO; TIEGĦkat
Rann of Kutch Agra. Accord (1972). Sa [1378) armild the for Pak Joint CGITITi 55
Yet any progress til: STTE disputes ha. TiBase irħid: I LI de thia C.
 

|LItitյri Di thit atյDաց y could escalate into fficialt prophylactic квп уз || ||п tima, Prior ЕГ ПBitions" SEarth for :fi:Et Nisdom, Preliminary lict resolution during reas of the globe as E Kor Earl Peninsula, Li SDTE CULITTTiE5 i "Light hole certain | y, these hawe Tit Itij ii iiri SJ LI TIF, A. Eid Carl Erit Lim as Siglu|| With Eccյmomic aritl
rī ār Pākstāri y half of the size of PokeJepfrog fortes iri "Who worses, frying fa Jfr Taf Ff. "ffтау ага 5її visit:gга/. cked fr his fora/ is, The Wirts of Бриvгт дасгазss sогтле STLIThe 5t A5H I T II Ваге/у гошслед гле IL LI talk, JF FI :
BYW EIl att Empts at t/папареппептаге ат -ierted
NFLITREGLUTI
Hiking, since their | Tidia ard Pakistar, lding conflicts, have er Tilbryonic forts of ffy Ft TI EESTE5 tilt IHE LUWHTij5 gClf|| GL rincil Luded th1 Ba LiaqatIndus Water Treaty Agrcըmant | 1 BՃՃ}; Brient || 1958); Simla Il al DH FTI AgrEE: Terit Titi f E - iūri (1983),
Irards resolution of 5 Tar Tair Ed 5 tal Ed. Dr Bissue Dif Kashi Tir.
Dr. Maqsudui Hasan Nuri
Other 155ues til at fl EEd final 5Etter art are Siacher, the rillear issue, Wular barrage and demarcation of Sir Creek. Il fa Ct, I CCJ rad frig for FF 7 osť Eservers ffE Imma in sfL min billing block is Kashi r I ir arid wЛел алd if гвso/vдd її сршѓd pave fһв Way for the rasolutior) of offi er disp, LufE:s
A5 part of this des ir for Conflict LLLLLLLaHH LaLL aLLLLLLLaaS LLLLL LLLLLL SOITTB initia tiVES sin ÇE independer CE by DrCpl05 ing NCI-War Pāicts/PeaCe TrĒiaties/ NJ War Declaration & With Bach other. While India was the first to propio se the LLSLSLSLCK S SaLLS LLLLL S S LLLLLLL LLLLLL S aa its signing Would be Tearing less unless the bone of contention, namely the LL S LLLLL S SLLLL LLLLLLLK LLL LL LL0aLL aLLS Moreover, it was thought that by signing LL LLLLSSSLLLLS S SLL S SKLLKLLLLL LLaaLLLLS LLLLLL its right on Kashmir and IL || Pakistan into a false 581 se of Security, Intruth, Eth Gauntries wanted to build peace with thEiTTEigh EOLIT T1 thair own terris - Hridia Wähting nO TI Thali5ation bo y putting tf18 Kas||lirimir dispo Luta com the back EOLITIEF WH|| E. Pakistän was LIFging India to first talk about Kashmir artisettle the issue before taking up other things. This ultimately LaaLLLLLLLaL LL SLLLLL LaL aaLLLLLLLaLLLLSLLLaaLLLL LLt LKSLSLSLLCCS SS S L SLLLSLSSLLS SS a S S L LLLLLa S SLLLLSS GLaY "ping pong diplomagy".
In the late 1980s, both India and Pakistan Started Seriously considering Som:0 Confidence building Teasures in order to reduce the threat of war, especially LClār. Conscrity, resures such Es hotline, fictification on military exercise, L HL SS LLLLLSSS SS SS aLLLLL LSLLS S L LLLLLLL LL faciliti ES and border SECurity WETE: Sigrad. To data, both Countries ha We propic5ed a LLLLLaaa aa LCLLLLLLL G LL LL LLLLLLCL LKSLSS Any agreement is difficult to come by beca use of the divergling perspectives bEtWEET the twO COLIltrie:S – With India aspiring for a global power status and Pakistan relying or its ruclear shield for ecurity and survival. "Mutual security" OT "COTTI m On sa Curity" is stil|| rn tot On this agenda of the two feuding principals in South Asia. Here Bach wants to irTipose


Page 12
its own version of peace and security On the CJL HET - that i 5 Often tarta IT OLJINE to striving for One's own security at the
SE F E CHEI.
The tirTB, has CorThe W|13|| BOT || India and Pakistan Callot afford to remain at the preli Tiinary stage of CAMs and CBMs. There is a need to go beyond the conflict resolution atterripts, With Courage, Will and imagislation. One fact however is in escapable and a harsh reality: like it or PILOT, both COLI ritries will come day hawe to be sit do W II to Tes Cill WG thair Ti Litual Conflicts either through Compulsion of ather Wär Or SOCOECTC EBSOS. Inst Bad Of being waylaid by Time and history, it is tirTlely and por LIdent that thegy should put behind their deady KLLLLLLLL L LLLLL LaLLLLL LL LLLLLaLLH LLL compromise, Forces o sanity Vision and StatesTanship ha WB to prawaii| Cover the inertia of fanaticism, rigidity and myopia. Talking about and preparing for war takes a lot of physical and mental energy that could be put to better Lisa in the task of national development. Both countries, despite their Tiany failing and foibles in thair syste TT1, are function ing der T10 Cracies. As SLJchi, they should be TatLITB Brough to Soft OLL LFeir problem5 through debate, dialogue and deliberation 5 – keeping in WIBW of course their Enlightened natiorial interests.
While dialogue and debate are essential, HSL LLCCLC GHHCHHCMHC L CC LLLLLLLY LLLHCHLGGLK shoш/of trawдгодрэг /gssолч: frгалт ваг//аг сол//fct resto/шtiол агtвлтpts ллагla fл CGCCC CCCLLLLL LL LCT LLLCCLS LLLLCLL CLLLLLCCLK птау bв дfд gвлвгic type bLлт Thaүсрш// LaL LGGMLCOLLL LLLL LLLLL LaLMY LLLLuLCL L LCCLCLaLLLLSSS CTGTLLTTa LLLLLC LCCHCC LLL LLL LLLLLLLCS lessors derived friri of her cases
LESS ON TIMEFACT
A5 an institutional par OCESS, Conflict TËS II lution requires Pati EFICE, perseverance and persistence. In the case of the European Union, the onCB-arch er BrTIles, France and Germany, had to tra verse a D Beriod of InBarly | 50 years LO arrive at the present level of harmony and trust - which only proves that sworn Earl Emi ES āTE I lot destiriBcd tD TEIT a in at loggerheads with each for Eternity. Today, both these nations are thriving dETIC Craci ESG and To TFT tha CCTE of the European Union after having transcended their bitt Er, and bloody past. It took 35 nations of the CSCE as many as E/F Very years for agTE ET EIt com distrationary reasures to crystallise into
FC ELISt CBMs. Hij in th:3 a Titagonii 5t 5 til: reali I : titjiri liri ta M ni Carly 25 years for arrivia at an agree America the 1986 C TË Carit HindurET LIEE agregment. In Latin , and Brazil, with a sign Ed a historic agre 1985 tD sharg rhLId:I63; Experti so: anti normalisation proces. China Câmg about ir It may ba mentione in dintrimirifiable lät 5 t ir nor a yardstick by WE teltä | S LUCCESS COf
L'E550 N : CMM LINATION5.
THI'll
Transparent y Hrլ է L: ITIIL IIli: 5 arii building trust and act to Conflict resolution of informations ITILI TLJ al SC as rot to g ad Vantage, Lack Ci TBB de 55 EEGHT"|T OP) | listյrtiըrl Lif tՒլը: Լt |Bading to misperc behaviours. Se curity bāS āt aspect of threat Witt legadt) ("Welf-riga:tion ; Creating Worst Case 5 West arri experienCE SOrie E.5505 (e.g. tlisբtյsitions and miը: of the Weaponsal Hillayed TLItLI adlı fEBE i for Tati, il Sol Se Creaty a rid im issir irrise CLI r iitiwi, All thai Sia : for creating condit reduction and ther
Of course, asymmetri siz3, rCgÖLurCg5; TIcd t India and Pakist: di Sin CCT tivự25 i Ti
transparently measu! this i 53 Cfter seg a advantage to its bigg
WEE is Est-W process was catalү5в Communication Links F1)L || PNB. Het WEBIT MOSCOW, in Cass of Th B. F1 Ot |ir1 3 r1 E Bd 5 through fax ar satelit Especially On the L
 

ther four years for carry out force ddle East, it took Egypt and Israel to TEīt: II. Cer Itālij Ora A:t Or the ty laid the basis for America, Argentina Century-old Iri walry, Efart in NCESTriber li r technologies and he step-by-step ; between India and September 1993.
here that lengthy Life of negotiations the Midi|| || E. EST id:li to TT1B3 SUITE thig negotiations,
NSPARENE AND
easy flow of a sine gua поп for as a stepping stone | HoVEVEr, th 3 flOW 3 EE woluntary and ive any parтүшndue FInfC)TrT1a tiOr1 af1d security leads to gnition proce55 - eptions and risky 55 ESSIT Erit should Tı'y a Tid por Eventive e Over-Security can and orbidity - thus СЕПЕПСЕ МНЕ tЕТЕ | has brought out SALTJ Where troop WET Ents, induction | bäläh:El infOTCEs irs by sharing of Luth Asia ext:TEITE ITCC T3 Itas disincenti Was tions for cofit Conflict resolution, title', 'El in geographit Ha a rmEd for CE35 DF in act as great fostering any "es.” For the fatter, s giving an added |Gr adversary,
West Ora Sation ld by the Dodicated
(DCLs) such as the Washington = Tid | IT dia did Pakista to be moderised E COTITLCELOIS, line of Control in
LKLLLSLLL LLLL LLS LLLLC S LLL S L LaLLLLL LLLLLL another lot line between the political leaderships of both countries. Likewise, defence and foreign secretarias need to be in touch to exchange views, LLLLLaaLLLL S LLLLL LLLLL LLLLLLLaaaa L LLLLLL When required. Only when these
communication procedures are routini Sedinstitutionalised that proper transparency can result, This Will impart predictability to each other's behaviour, act a s preventivas against Hry Surprise attack and provG Conductive towards taking further steps in Conflict resolution,
As Western experience has shown, mere setting up of hot lines is not Enough. Strong bJack Lup efforts |ike encouragement of transparency such as opening up for scrutiny, hidder defence budgets (infrastructura, armis acquisition, naw raising of troops, research and development and publicly declaring their Strategic doctrings) are alsÖ İmpOrtant, This is to prevert in both C. Li ritries not only the military commanders front Owerreacting in a Crisis situation bLut Falst) to prevent certain politicians and press from cynically exploiting the insecurity syndrome, Conflict resolution, therefore ngods conducive CBMs in place - or else the Whole process may get Subwarted or bogged down.
LESSN: INCREMENTAL PROGRESS
The East-West experience demonstrates that Conflict resolution dogs not Corne into effect by B. Quantum jump or a There leap of faith. They follow a step by step, brick by brick and block by block approach, Mutual confidence has to be generated in stages with negotiations tackling simple problems followed by more complicated ories. In Europe, it took the CBM process nearly fifteen years of negotiations. The Stockholm ACCords (1975) and the Stockholm Agreements (1986) set the tone and tempo for further agra Cments to be meg Cotiated.
Needless Lo say that the pro Ce555 Df negotiations leading to compromise of Settlement involves time and patience While recourse to Conflict Or Wiolence is only a shortcut to peace. Basides, mankind's experience through the ages L0L S SLL Y S LLLL S S S S H LLLLS S S LL 0SSLLL L LL LLL techniques mechanisms skills have laggBri far behind than war-making techniques and technologies. In other words, while man has learnt to fight Tore cfficiently and lethally he remains still a ng Wice Ori hOW TO negotiate and Settle
Crd prge 23


Page 13
The article in the Lanka Guardar 77" וחםT DEEEmber 15 ,1996, titled "Frם to the Last Political Thoughts" by KM de Silva, marits a response, if only to expose some of its more fanciful interpretation of past events, and presentalternative interpretations. The title of this response is adapted from a saying "God car do anything except וCar וfs[grarחEpasT=btJI aחgEIחhaדָּ do that" Your Teaders Thay judge for LL LLLLLLLKaL L KLLLLL L LLLLL LLL S KK
ligg| T | Fer||WFiS.
THE E Luth CT of the article Lunder Te Wiew, the distinguished historian Professor KM de Silva is the biographer of J R Jayewardena, together with Professor Howard Wriggins. As such, alternative interpretations of Sorre events discussed by him in his article under reference must be undertaken by Others like this author, who however Canificat lay clairm to be a historiar and cannot therefore attempt to do what God First= |f Earl Fitt dö. Same statements made by Professor KM. de Silva II de SCrib e factual histori Ca | BywgTits wi|| EJE CILIOted in this article, and alternative interpretations of the facts Will giyeri With Some Comments İrı respect of each of thern.
"DLIring The MyfTD/eper7ad Wh7Ean FTEa Was f72ād cof gCJI W Erri VT7Erf, JPF did r2O7
avg ar FVas Vi īs pārty thallengers to his authority within his government and till the late 1980s, no вгTective cha/елge froл7 The opposlШол ger
Wat is EttEITETIT IS THE TE at the very beginni of RL TEL SE following, thus eli potential challen ForT tatt | suspension of M civil: rights for a p effectively remove the Sila Elect SLFF FLIf ther deWES Ted LICEd EC) - thought Out step: factors. Within t deat Within this E. Severigo Verrimer ir this Country aft Senanayake in 19 fair general Electi these seven gove SIT Jim Kota |a' ending with Mrs 197" Fiat : HD Polis. This Was Was probably W prävent häpperllr general elections ir 1982: after FiWEiI Subsequent a LrdErstöcJd WEr
『구 구 35 FJ || FC presider7 filiālism - a sēčfel affär för fi Sassified. We 5yਝ
csing ர்ெ.
 

it TE titled in this
TOval from the party. ng of the new regime, naria yake and his Tinating the possible ge Within his party, T: EE Similarly, MT5 EäTdarafäiké's eriod of seven years, d the rallying point of Ecoral Copposition, the tails of how the SLFP issarray, by Carefully to "recognize" rival at party, Cannot be ie facco Lift of Ea wefts. its that Were in pOWer ETTFE d'ETITIESE CITIDS 52 had led free ard Ols; the latter six of rm ments, starting With Wala's in 1956, and
Bādātālāk"S ir en defeated at the well known, and that E. R. Wated to ng to his party When WOLuld IECOTE LE years. Many of his ctions rima y E seen in this light.
La fra Way TPK SLCCES5 of far of tpowerїшІргesidалfia! stărice, Was fie var Warffi GWEISS, FIT-3 TE W President froIII77 WCry WSf5/SF S = FIS
"head o7 ga VerrTrTTBri E – sh7OLJ/d /JSe a םחו BfBatם /tica|סם fטיםחוty the Wחסmaj Hadarranged for MI5. Barda Farrake ir 195."
This staternart glosses over a nurnbar of things, and IsmIsleading in regard to the workings of the new executive Presidential system of goverrnnn BerntsBit Lupo by JR, Lusing time five-sixths majority of seats of the UNP in parliam Ent. The President Was Tot answerable to parlament, and to all intents and purposes he was above the a W of the land. He himself had announced that he could do anything r aם חEוחםExcept "make a man a w Worisar a Tär". TILIEter contifast, Mr.E. Bandra Ilaike's political defeat in 1962, (which Professor KM de Silva says was "arranged" by JR}, involved the Crossing (Ver to the JNF of a hardfi of SLFP MPs in parliament, and ar. electoral defeat of the SLFP government by Just One WOTE. HOW cari these L WÖ situat CFS, the SLFP's precarious situation in parliament in DEILErn Her 1964 afd FIF UNF"5 ColoSSalmajority in 1977, Ee Compared ?
Further, there Wara Presidentia appointments to top positions in the police force and the armed services, involving subtle and its subtle riepotism. In the Dolice force the claims of the two most Senior Deputy Inspector Generals (who incidentally WETE-2, T3, Třtilis), W=r= C3 Werlock Ed Wher


Page 14
a nephew Was appointed as Inspector General. In the a Tytoo, a rephew Was appointed Commander, and he in LIrn re-toppointed serveral friends asid old Schoolmates, with back play and Seniority, who had left the army or had LL00L LL L LL LLLLL LL LLLL LaLLLLL LLLL LL0 LLL LLLL HLLLL lE reviELIS TEgile. ĀTICiti Brothese close relatives Who had been away from the arrrly for three years was reappointed without loss of seniority, and later also became arrily commander. LaL aa Laa LaaLaSS LL H a S a LLLLuS personnel who were not in favour with the new high cоптпапci, were also: retired prematurely. The effect of all these appointments by an all powerful President, as could be seen in the light GT TILL Lure e Werts, makes the Ciriestā Elish TTIENE If a "po WerfL | Prg5 de Tiffa Secretarifa" quite
TEEEE
"His Wicifory in 7977 broJLugh F foi a ri e rid The di LI apolly in political leadership that the two family compacts of The Seпаглауаќes апd LLLLLL LLLLLLYLaaK S LLL KKLLLLLLK LLLHHLK independence, a thange that gave him great satisfaction. He believed that Sri Lākās TL III-E IV derīgCrāCy
55 ਬਰ and ha set about Opening the dքDrs to
ਝs Wayu delibera fey, former). Whico dd filot beforngo to foLIriding fairly or to elite families Iп делегаІ. Іп doing so he believed |haf the example fie se would have Пs Iпїlшелсе апd герегcшssions оп Ihe the חסyווaIke famחdaraחf the Baסldסח LL YLKLKS YLL S YL LLLLLLLLS LLLLLLaLLLL LLLLLL terlacity of Mrs Bandaranaike in her single — minded defегmїлаІion to Keер the fагт//у їп соглІго/ of fлаг рагty despite the successfor of electoral LCLLLCaLK KLL KLLCLCCLYS00 S LSLL SLCLLS
Of those "Who did not belong to founding family or to elite families" Ranasinghe Premadasa had proved himself as a Minister for a short period in the later stages of the 1965 Dudley Senarna yake government, and he had a strong following within the UNP. There was no way JR could have kept him out of the Premiership, after he himself beca The President, without causing serious disruptions Within the UNP
But, JR had seen to it that the Prime Minister's executive power was Circ::Lim 5 Cribed i Lunder the re; W Constitution. Total power was with the Presideri la and Fies hirniSelf riTa dE rio
bones about it. On
Fогеxample, as Pi famo Luis prono LI n historic paIIігідрш Ma liga Wa, as the || to do and during Washington, ha a W35 || ||TE GİTEGİ
fi 2 Tliet K
The referel MF5. El single Tinded datЕ the far fly in COI stյunds wery mu IL Strati Ol fOT Objective analysis many attempts to EJOth W| HC G|Bi outside it, were actually master DISET fra TICIFISET Barciaranalike Wa: example, But It Wa: ultimately sa Wed բarly from disintegr such a collapse, With CLIt all effect PEarlia fi Brit, WPAS att difficulties its parliarrent.
Indeed by t UNP nad COinSolid Efrate and זו חס IsחeחסDקס Gle CITOITS Field Or between July 1977 the oppositor SLF fНСЕ Јf Salf-ITICTED fra TT firi Ferria di W, Confri Ved for IT Ey !
TESS (Effär g/EC fra defEāIG SI aird after" and to electors led Eleft OCIJËJET 1982 ai a extremely misleadir Firstly, Mrs Bani deprivad of har Ciwi period starting in of politics till tha unexpectedly re. probably under pres Minister of India, W. rEelatiOF1S haj SLIrik; Secondly, general several by elections 1977, by resorting including a Refere general elections great daal of frus amoung millions o' WOld E.

Several Occasions. "El Sicc Ft F1E3, Tadg a Erict for the
in = ||ald Kings of yOTE LUSEId a difficial Visit to Liced that he line Cf SLECCESSIGT ings in Sri Lanka.
се 1o "The Iеласїly Frisiko fri i EF }гтпїпаІІоп Io keер "I" of the SLFP, ch, like a cry of JF's biographer. : WiյլIIt| Էիtյլի լիlել է disrupt the SLFP CtOTE E POTOCESS, a T1Cd Supported If mot minded by JR, elt ரு MT5 5 the Ti Ost glaring i her "Terra City" that 1er late FLIsband's at JT. EWE Tl Without JR's government, iwe Oppositi CTI in ile te) İTıp ÖSE many Opponents Outside
ће вапу 1980s the Fred FS FOld Of Fië a defeated is GLJг Ејп5BELITIVE 7 a Ta Tor7a / Newell a III CJEF) bef TJ32. P Was reg/ing Ir7 1/7g * WOLInds Stemming GO 7, är 7 E O TFTETS יוחjך
ICES. LG "SLFCCESSIVE og SJ fjerg || 59FF
"fa Lor Corse CLIFTVE2 earl July 1977 and Faffar la serye/" TE 1g, for two reasons. darara laikE Wās rights for a 7 year 978, and kept out It TĒ5tTiCt|CJI WES TO VEd il 1984 GLIsg fs...isI'll thiE, FIsIITE Filer Indo-Sri Lanka to an all title OW. 33 Citi O15, 5 WE|| ES World Otheld after to Warious daWiCES indum to postpone in 1982, causing a tration, especialy F disgruntled youth ld clic to
Exercise Hejr franglis Ein theirlifetirre
The Kala Wänä fias. TigrisSpecial Terition SinCE- It showed Lup LLL Laa LLLLLL L L LL LS LL LLLLS S aa LLLLLLaL a SH aa LLLSLL L LLLLH SLLSL President re-appointed to Partia Terit a member who had been disqualified by the Supreme COLIT C E electir petition and a by-election had Beer won by an opposition member, For a short period there seemed to be two members representing a single electorate. The farce was only resolved When the disqualified member agreed to "resign". This incident too Will go down in the constitutional history b3Ok:S tO the etearTTa| SharT1GCof JR and his go We Timent, despite a|the efforts of his historians to pre Went It
THE FOUT BECtions referred to Were held under emergency regulations, and Were boycotted by Opposition parties, or were threatened With boycott, making a mockery of the Whole electoral process. The mosi glaring example perhaps were the Jaffna Development Council elections held in 1981, the 50th anniversary year Of the achievement of universal adult franchise in 1931. Those Elections Were disrupted, allegedly by prog0Wërnment forces including the Eolice and military, and in the ensuring civil commotion many lives were lost, and the Jaffna library was burned to the grOLUTI Id. That barba ric acter Sured that there would be no forgiving and forgetting a Cross the Ethnic di Wide för à long, longtirre, if awer,
By the title elections Were held in other parts of the Country, large numbers of frustrated youth had taken to extra-parliamentary activity. Some of the Ti Were later made to pay for it With their lives in the Grude St. and cruelest Tanner, as is now being disclosed in various ongoing Commissions of Inquiry. Incidentally, these Commissions are bringing to light some interial conflicts in the UNP that had been settled With help from and by Tethods of the Under World Tot by atter Tıpted іпреachплепt. For example, allegations have been made of a well known criminal holding office in the UNP and wielding great power and authority in the executive, including the Police force. Following these disclos Lures, ser Weral Wery high Fariking police officers have gone into hiding, SOIme Van Seaking asylum in foreign ரொ தாge 4ே


Page 15
|l
GVI E
(A forrTer serior foreign Service officer, Ffy ng ET LI E forsary Ed" GS. Arī EJENISSA för fa Салтталуу.)
"FԿythic Insight" sքըrr to rրթ լք, Էլ- լից LL KCa aaaa L LGG LLLLL SS S LLLLK LLLL LLLLLLL to the Tethod by which Miss Tisarariae SLaaLLaLLLLL L LLLL LaLLLLLL S LLLLL tt LSLLLL LinderStanding of the role played by the EarldaranaikE säTily III th E. History us LLL LL a aaaa L a L S SS uL S LL LLaL S L LL LLLS she has gathered that knowledge from a Close personal associati Om With TEITIBETS
BT LIFE LIFELlydd Eir DE |
T.G. Writes that the "S.L.F.P.'s only autheritic Commitmeritis to thE family, Nathar the S.L.F. Prior the Family has any real Cornritterit either to the Country or to the demptratic systerri",
| Think that staterTert TEEds to big Todified. True enough S.W.R.D, broke a Way from the UN,P.: Eric FOTITI ECHTS OWT party which iE called the S.L.F.P. only Wher he realised that he would not be D.S. SEnama yake's logical and lagtitiate KLH aa0La SS SS L S 0SSSLS KKL L LL aa taLaLS LLLLL be the vehicle in which he expected to LLL LLLL LLLL LLLS LL LLLCLLS S LLLSLLS Was no quest iom that he Was Wery Lincomfortable in the U.N.P., although he հElբEd tL frյLInd it by agreeing էt rրErge LKS SLLLS LLKH KS SLLLa KLSSLLLSS S SL SLLL right-wing բLilitical grtյաթings in the :ÖITII try at thi. E ti TTĒS. CEJ WicŮ Usly he took th:5 stEPI in the FICPE: that W HEITI D.S. did Lltimately pass away, the leadership of the U.N.P. Would necessarily fall into his lap, as it certainly should HaWE, BLIT HE CronquEredhrmself Grily When II cavred LL LL S LL L H HH LS S LKKK S LLLLL LLL K SLLLL obsessional ambition of being the top dog F1 The Country via the U.N.P. From Hven before the day some foul in England had fer Tarkari "thearg goes a FLIT LI TE Prima
Minister of Ceylo S.W. R.D. Vas a gi Succeeded in being of the Oxford UI Pri TE Mini ETH CHOl right to rule. As T. G. thĒ SEITETTH ya kes WWE and D-Sլ է բեր|titl GČI 'JET TITEIT WEES T. Efter Will LH to EHFinto their Own.
Prer Takumara Epital SHEItimiketari trai TE drid rlow thE FLLII Tambija Fjärini | ri5ti PEFaderiyt WHO is : hä5; Efter relata t EE 5 E STEF |E. TE || k || Bardd Bridiak E. Was. O When S.W.R. D. W. Old CrCry of His Fr. HIER had poLIt for Ward GIFT - || || E. SittE CI N.M. Pered storTB of the Milailures մSLial tծritEmբtLIt forefinger her spir the crowd, telling Bartlara па ка" | 15. i nöt a single manint lift his own forefing Bandar III GikES,
Pri E-IT] ak LJ Tiārā, iridhi On thEir bicles arī maating to listan tց Ց at Every Tacting th tE FIL Prey forward as to why ti fra This loyalist. A mot
El RuWariwali as ti
should be El ECCLESI: TC) because he was a rif Wisdo, and therefo
 

E
闾
אלח-חה"T/תח_ח 7/7)
FI', TIETEly ja tau5E di dëbātET HF Had
elected as Sečretarý Ti, the future People's Light F1 had a divine States, Very Correctly, TE COfisi dBrEd Lupstarts DT Off|CE als HGHij CF bE. El brief interide, | Fifa FBikES WELIllid GETTE
Wala, the Well-known di dan cer of yesteryaan, ld Er/DirթtԷւյր քT լից TLI t Of (CLI|TLur II 1 dB är fri Erld CT FTITrE, i Ti E incidents WWFIEF, ICHDIEJOy ni Ratriapura, DW Ia faal |ITE SLJGill (JCCESTUIT FVES, 5 Campaigning for Hր IIT Kiridiala WT for the Ruwanwala |Lincil elections when
FIL WHILE EST SW.R.D. uSErd in His Lis Swl, tp His Ekrig, Erld HararigueHT tät " is forefinger, there is FIH CILITI try Whiro gold |ET HDQựE, that of the
is friends JSEd to gEt 1 ցd frՃrn Ireating tց W.R.D.'s Oratory and at was the argument Minister Լsetl tt բաt 1E բEdբle shtյԼյld writt Er argLITT Ent HE LIS3
why the old crony TFIB Stti tBCLITi| yas; ]erned old rT13r1, fLuII asf rt tilE tyբյք կաՒը քtյլյIt!
Stanley Jayaweera
Thakg a LISETLI COTIETEIL tigri in the State
Countil Framakumara Says that In the adjoining electorate, Ratnapura, where Տ WR-D, was suբporting the young Jaya Wafa KLIT Uppu, His argLITETT VỰas that it was of no use to send old Cronies to the |Egislat|Ճn and that Only young rnan like kարաբբL sհըuld be BlattEt because his WELIth Was the Irisist desis EEile i Lalificaticisil Even as a school boy, Prernakumara Says he was astounded at how unprincipled La aLLC 0 LLLL La L H a Sa S S LSLLLLLL demanded it, Being one of the original found a members of the Swatasha movement, Prernakumara does not deny that S.W.R.D., hijacked that Toyament for his own political gain more of that later
EE that as It may / HTT Etյրալritթը լիat
S.M.R.D. Var Vated TD Gt pa lamiy KSL LuLLL LL uuu S S SSS S L aS | don't consider that he, feudal as he was Ever ConterTiplated that the leadership of the party he founded should pass on to his wife or any other member of his family, HITTI DET FITH LETTIESE
NotI Only Was he top intellectually deep for that he had such a conceited motion of himself that he did not think anyone of his progeny or other Tiember of his family COLled Ever III Eas Lure Lupi tD HIS IEWE IT IS Come thirrig fra Tathier to sa y OT amy OFTE OF his children that he or she is a highly political animal like himselfit is an entirely different story to say of such a child that HElshei has the 5Hrne Lalities DE TE: Arld Heart that gu ta Tlak EatTLE=BEET DIT =
For one thing, S.W.R.D. was not superficial unless, of course, you conside estinal ambitions to be the ha|-mark of a Tempty. KL LLLLL LLaaLLL HHH S Laa C uL In Baltital life in this cքլInէր, որ - --- -- up to that standard? No, given that = mg
i, C, his in ordinata ambiti ==


Page 16
S, W.H.L), was riըt g|ւIEր էg sEris HtE ||արց. LK L SSSYY S L L K S LS Tնr nraparty, rnքոEy Hilt tirլsal. HE oftEր ԱՑՅմ էD ret Br It thB եUTL slitikE" style tif |
kՃԼaltitalia regime and of thE Ll M P. In gariքiral. In THrt his significant tցntributitյր tt thք բtilitital |քը նf that քBript in tյլII |-ըLIritry is that hiք բlքըEt his LIritiքLE HEք uDu LL L a L0u u a a aLLLL LLL fյr a tHEritrրEtlt IEE-lEր էլ է Յ էլ էիք ԱքրJuard of a TIOVETEnt that sought to Ver throw H Culturally degenerate regime
SWF. D. Was not cheap and vulgär, Not EET In drEETE Fuld E HլյthքIIEEE HE Elitյըting Լյք = dritLITրEրԼEry LIV, atחEEEח EdחHis life as hEpDB חס.
LS Laa SS L SS u L L S S L L SS Ha diked siging aritreated with Liter :Ճntբրոբլ Լիլըsa, ՅՑբյՅtially եւreautrats,
NICHTEENIPOTENCI Tri Ebeliriksbitt|E3
LK SSLLL K S a LLLSS LLLLa was tEmmitted to starwing ԼիլE բHԱբlE HE |lit! IIDէ եsk for loyalty from the publ|- SEF WEIHT tại LİTET EO HITTISET DE TSÜTially GT t his political party.
LL HH a a a KS L LYS LS did not permit his family members to riterver: Theate Philip GLi navarriera Արքե Լuld me af an Interesting intid=rit;
Alter the right-wing gHng in his Cabinat led by the late WirTala Wijewardena had SLCC:Edir watering dowri LIt of the nriginal Parldy Lands ACL, the left-wingers thլուց հԼ Լlley shirյLilt make a last-ditցի affort to restore the Bill to its original fогп, a K a LS S S LLL LLLL aKKS TE, SլեքisingliB, TB ||HրgarHiրE Hid = uL a a L a LL a LLLL LLHaa a LL aa LLa a L D L aL LL ՀաttE=tlet in tարաinting him, tlHLise by uL K u a LL LL L LL LLLLL its ըriginal fertil SEրsitive anti Intelligent LL S LLLLS S SS S S LSL S L H HLLLK round tr accՅբting the argurriants at Philliբ םחH וחEוTזםך חייוםחkחW. But uחHםחTםם דוחם urls Earl by thErri = fETTHE relativE քT THE PriTie Minister had been Eavesdropping fror Til behinda L-Irtiair and whi Earl S. WW, RD. had agreat It awarything բroposed by Phillբ, had hargari in, without awan st LHaaaa aa aG SCH L SCaaC K LL aaL L LLLLaLL LLL Castigate thë Pri The Minister for mot CLLLKaaK a aLK LaLaL LLLHHH L K L 0 LLLLLLLK LLL L LLLLSS F the BİTLE" ded Bi|| Was passed,
Philliբ էgld File that it had never EEEF; S-W.F.D. in such Bragg. HE häd grashed
a LLL S LLa L a a L L L
SS S S S
Igrk and shru tad l: Lissisi. ' ' II, I thiE. Eitilt kitch ET. Beck dilig
LU har to get Out of |
Cր լի է ըէիլEr lianti | The FCW || || || FETETT krig" | Er|Egi-tikEdFS. ITW TEJIEI LIET FIELU SEE TIEE:tings early Wed Hէ a tärtHiri Ministar a hir TI "SF" | have you Tiada this a iddard "Stanley, hoyi,
tauld ПауЕ МОГkad i HGBD E F GTUEFF"|ITEITT
arחח LLם Lחוםם .As T.G Tās ir 5 553 SYN, RICO E PITactual y EE. Credited to and his party T1 . g"ETTITTE TIL
THE FHLTE OF THE TTHtt.
WS EE LIITEOTC) EU El CHUSETT. IEE ITIET PĚL, SE5 EEE tHE (dauEםittEE Iךחחחםם fI BI: FLIE I מח ulat Eri LHEוחחנfr CEITECETE VIEEE 55 E of their PEople_after |
Here IIT STI LE Flik H II 1 S. W. R.D. H. C. L||tip11 ately, When pow all that OLT politicials | EITT, UT COLITSE, E Mir St5 ka S WINFIEIE GLI FEW TLIEL Ir El Tid thairlikE3|| alikEdfi if the lad IE IF la Prë: that they could serye
it it.
S.W.R.L.'s Lac |TitlBբBridarite Ha| Ճ| really as to Cerb CITI EDIT FT LI LI FI EDITI LI T miBla Fi Trigt Lil For thie rior riըt hava, im the firs LI Iri Waris al fari:lis Eli, 3 LiլII:
riss I Loft friff fri f wErffs 5. W. F.L.
pting inser ஒரள் Lid Lif Liga Ft J ii Goar. Esirgs E. EF FTG de Colorпђо ЛМшпісуда! El
A.E.G. r. Party fir 7 foi a forsy
prдалisation His Нї
 
 
 
 

"Gni kus siita էHBrl rily |Hգա, էք լիE With his two fingers |s sight at BriըE |
15" , Fillip 마
SWIWRDD, ag C | lis ըՆարլ Լթէյլոքր || | LD tH|: TLD Cab IIIB |HEtlaw, ltյքk strEight rid Litel jokingly BSk EE|| ||T || ITH st. Wegk.“ änd Philip |ըng do you think | with Slick H fTIäf. Es
"
1y at thiը բragressive during the years, |E MI at g gill |
Pll|բ էլIIլEwartiEրa in a M.E.P.
Er ä5 Tät 5.W.E.L. risingly committed Er Tēr like Gard HI, HTI E HEIT likER WEFE Effid:barrati
the struggle, they ices which they Hilt for FE WIFE TEEd CITT WHE VOIT.
Er CEylor, mEr like SL th vision, EL,
ET EETE IFEI
ETICILI Iding S.W. R.D. txt Lidling the thiar A, Wicks, Leslie and Ti, Pi EteF KALITETTET յr WEB It takt Liliarge ident Wij BTLIFigg|SC themselva Siberally
|almEd sբBEth at thE Freedom Clay was BrLis. If E WHs so
Ta king FT EEėtid ETT TirTETITËT E VULid L IristäTIEE, opposed S.T.G. rightly points
frk
STOLI/C, fir 7 SF27 ' Los if the acknowledged the day, A.E. feating in af the ar: riors, Jairmar rari rifs Sfgiftig. EIJg LHELErf ETE I LJETIO Griff тталлуагт нэгтгвfflлг
LHaGL LTHHCaT L LLL TK K S TMLLLLLTCa K OrigiΠξ, ΕρμμίΕίΗ μνήΗ Πίς ήΕμEa ή firήτη ή μη, F2O5SiFi/My Drever Eed S. LMW, F.D. fra TI ft Kirgi 5He E Stea.
LSLa S H S S HC aC LLLSY Ta L K S S S LLSLLYS המוח was זו 1927 חו עrחלrשמVisitary This E OS S S S S S S S LL LLL C CCC K S LL LCLTHTTaa HTH K LLTLHCY SLaLLCCLLL S LLLLLLK CCCaCaaa a KK aCCCCS YC K uuuLLLLLL S YLL LCCLCC S TCC S TTaaaa S K CMS KS S 0 C L LCHaaa L Y L HHH L YL uuHuH C uCC LC aLu S C L CCC rEt shirts ըr Gոքրըsinghets Lրեքur Party Who provided the guard of hor or a L aaCCHHHa S K H L YY aTY LLCCLLS u S S L HHHHH H S S S L S S S S S SL SLLLL SKa u SLK 0S T uuuLLLLLL L K Haaa CCCH S HLaS YCC CCK u K Hn Hinrirթե/E ME|turning HըtirESS ET Fիք гЛуїс гвсEдfїал.
Հ|ritt tile Litingւյցիոըrt Gըrnէր:ErtյոBr: WHE Bհըetted any tiITE HEր, Է. W.H. D, probably thitյացիt he should be on his has! behaviour te convince tham that he had aaaLL a LL LLK KLLL LLL fakir | H= E | Ways avaid Earl E. HIERDIE ET CC3.TiffTOTT LEIt DT Withi authority, Eh Eiālus F DOWar, even at the cost of his self-respect, was his ultiTata goal,
Within the fra nework Cit tha Eleasure |Wing, CIJFT fort-SBeking, sha||LIW Sri Lankar ythe SWF.D. CErianly did much. LS Ya SSLu KS aa a a S LLLLLL S SSSSKK == p마 미H Erist리, Eup a an Insansitlաa living HE did sրEak It his La S S S S LL L K L La S a alting strյցt aէ լիթ կrTia gi էիք բիբլյլgral լյքheaval of 13:55, But that altituriք was TIO E COf the k Tid EJLITTI from profound բlillastiբlitial and sբfr|LLEl dքբլի HE CLLLLLLL a LLLL a Laa a u a aaa SSL gēTIEfall y gall With SLCh, k na Wy||EdgE, HEITIGE Ca Caa LLL L CL K SKLLSK
.
His ITiբHtէ Lin thE բEnբla g| լիբ ցույլ էր, des politi E tha ainm La COTT TIETOTEti WE Fleetings and threats that are Written by those who seek to trade of his name, have not EEEFl strring enքացի Լը բIEWErit his wife and daughter froT taking us back to the Kotaka'wala era. It is this gap that a Third Force has to fill, Put differently, the S.L.F.P. has to be ETTETI CiptEd TTIJIET TETE LmLLLLmmLLLL LLL LLLL 0S aL a LLGLLL L LLL LL aa aaLLLL Wi| contin Le LO play HawOC.
- To be contin Lled -


Page 17
P
CONTEXT
The JSP was the main axis of the Prema dasa" s search for an alternative development strategy. By the time he BSSurtled office in 1989, the al Tost purely growth oriented strategy of the post '77 period was nearing the point of organic exhaustion ; it was becoming dysfunctional, politically, economically and socially - and therefore systemically. It was clear that a continuation of this strategy would not ensure high growth, let alone equity. However, going back to the pre 77 state capitalist closed economy era of economic and social stagnation, qLJELJES and shortage5 Wa S a ISO a nom Option. The only viable solution was making an effort to chart a new course, a third path 18. This was what Premadasa was striving to do with his election manifesto: 'New Vision; New Dва!".
The Search Could not have take pola CE in a more unfavourable context. Sri Lanka is a totally trade and aid dependent Country. Wher Prerna dasa ASSLIIIIed the Presidency in 1989, the COUntry Was facing a hither to Un precedented crisis - militar y, Politi Cally, ECOnomica|| y and SOCially. Es the South, the Pol potist JVP insurgency was raging while in the North and East the Indian Peace Keeping Force was engaged in an increasingly protracted "no win" War With the separatist LTTE. With an extremely low growth rate of 1.6% in
"BF arid 2.68 li шпепplay пепт as '85'86, the cof down drastical follo Wing a con BCO 10 mic Sabotag of weakening, s| eventually destroyi the President, confronted witH trebuilding a war tr. almost 5 tagnart er
The exorbitant eco War im LE MOL rebellion in the Sou tC] SE3Eeka StrLJCtLIral (SAF) in 1987 and subsequently unde IMF granted the req Cğrılıb: "With th; COrditionalities att Was therefore T EXTETTE SOLITICgs Of Jf his Dredecessors TO TE W LI TIETF et regarding the ki Strfit egy he ShOLIld a of 'really existing" Triurnբh of Etnույր globally, sewerely liir Tl: ILIE LITE IEETII: Was far from COL PrE2. Tādasa Calg | Class-Caste backgro Was në VËT a ble LC; հEցErrigny 19,
The anti-Premia launched by his pic Within and outside fa Edīts ziet vi
 

'88 and a rate of
high as 19,5 % iր 1Om W. Was slowing W. The JWP was Scious policy of B. With the objective IOWing down and ng the economy. As Prema da sa was El da Irting task of frt Country and a .yחםחO:
TOITTIC: Costs of thig Ed East ad thig th fC fCEạd Sri Lanka Adjustinent Facility НП BпНапСgd SAP - Premadasa. The Uest but the facility Be LIS LI 3 | haq Ts 1 Si Ched Prei Tadasa fe dependent On
funding than any and consequently ExtErral pressurgs Tld Of 3C Orio TIC dopt, THE CJ|| psg socialism and the Tic Tea-liberalism Tited flis for for Y CO the situation Cive. The fact that from a subaltern Jad TEFält that FC achieve Complete
lasa Campaign litical opponents a the Parliate th the attempt by
the UNP old guard (led by Lalith Ath LJ ||ath muda||i Fil IT | Garnim Dissama yake) to impeach Prema dasa. Though the attempt itself failed, the state of siege lasted till Prernadasa's death in May 1993. It was in this extremely unfavourable political and economic context that Prema dasa endeavoured to chart a radically rew course for the economy. And this is the backdrop against which апү objective evaluation of the JSP should take place.
In evaluating the JSP we, tried to kвер in mind as much as possible the multifaceted nature of the TOga TITE As Was Tientioned earlier, the objective of the JSP was to improve the conditions of the poorest of the poor B C D normically, SOClay psychologically. This was the basis on which the following yardsticks used to evaluate the performance of the JSP WĒTE TO TITLulita,
1. SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE JSP.
The objective was to evaluate how successful the JSP has been in improving the socio-economic conditions of the poor. Five key areas Were chosen for the purpose: income eves, rurritor a Wels, Feath, education and training and /*i OLISñng.
} In come levels
Though the JSP's cքոSurnբtion allowance of Rs.1000/- per month With Rs. 453- as Compulsory


Page 18
EFTER
ii)
savings) was not granted in monetary for IT but is kind, it LLKKLLJL LL S L S S S L0 0 LLS S LSS H S S S L improvement of the real income of the families20. This explains the LSLSLS LLLS LL S00KKS S LYS S KYCC L KLYK S0LSLSLS caused an in77 Eirover 77 erit in Thair HLHHLaL YLLLLLLLSKSLLLLLLaLCLLLLS S 0SS No change - 16%).
Nutrition Levels The Consumption allowance was granted to the families in the for of a basket of goods worth LS aLLLLLS S S L LLLLLL S LS S S LHLLLLLLL gawe rise to the Criticism that the Choices a Vaillä ble to the families We Te limited to the not Wery extensive range of goods in the cooperative shops. However it had the Undernia ble advantage of preventing thё попеy fгоп beiпg spent оп IIզաar, cigarettes, gambling or soma Other wasteful pursuit. Therefore, at least for the duration of the JSP the families were guaranteed Access to basic Con Su Tier goods Which Segm5 t0 nawG IBSULEC in d Considerable it prowerTent in the nutrition levels. This explains why an extremely high figure of 95.7% f. Ia di LIFO I seves proved as a rest of the JSP (Deterioration 8%. , No change - 2.5%.
iii) Health
The availability of basic consumer goods and the resultant improvement in nutrition levels SEēmigj tj h3 WE || Ed to thig improvement of the health of th: familias as WC ||. The Other mai contributory factor was that a large TUTTEJEr gift||525 Ea familis Lused bank loans 'compulsory sawings to improve their access to clean Water and adequate sanitary facilities. Thu 5 33% of f fie fa 77 //Essi fe/T TWhaf their health in proved as a result of fig JSP Dęterioration 0,2% , NO change 3.1%),
iV) Education and Training
As it Wa5 Con CEİVEd, the JSP Was Supposed to contain a very strong COTT POrient Of Education and training. It was also assumed that the lessening of the economic bUTsign Ontha familles Would Enable the school gging members to
polL I rs Lie t l air However, Olly sa Tsas salf Isä t fra ining seves im7) the JSF IDetErit) change 28.7%) extremely wide Conception and target familjes dx L7 doubtedly had ability of the JS) ErEדEger(זrסCחrךְ3r 73, 4% r7Tari aged! ra /a tTve/y /7ig rh r 1ggaחסםse frסffi
30%.
w) Housing
53, 7 %, J. " for JVS. their hLLIsing co, as a rest Of the , De CHUSë the JSF וpחחםםgוsHVB Ith Rs,453) - բer mt HCCESS to housin | tyוחuוחווחסט שחH they WEITE a ble to H hoLJSB {Ofter 1LG
roof With tille dW: יסrטוח 1 , וחסםa r improva sanitary electricity, buy
dLrables, etc. Di : No change - 33
70.5% of the fami OVE TH| 50 co-Econ living standards im the JSP (7.26% o that their socio DCC living Standards di 16.7% felt that the in their living condi
A Significarit poi benefiting the poco SEET to have ber and the le SS poo ImԼrease im Tricնrm 5tändards of the J: in a correspondin Durcha Sing pûWE certain segments . the for-poor such carpanters and ot building trade ani Perhaps this can b upp effect" of the
 
 

LU dies E3 Ettgr. 23, , pf edir edLocation”ı gird vai a LSE Of ited 31.2% NC This shows an ap between the he reality, as the Big ICEd it. This n theמ_agtמan im fires IST fing wErfure sorsy SO), and the E Offa Irg of 7erEfsrg Frir Lires
P Err far Iditions in proved ISP This is mostly
galled the to lsory savings of In Th) asid to HaVE gloans from state FikS, AS a TG 5 Lulit | ELIIld Of Billi Qvate replace a thatched is bestos roof, add P L F g kitc Fler), facilities, Etain SOTTe CCISLTE =terior ati 01 - 3.1% 1.3%)
li es feat that theiro Dic Col ditio 15 Jro VEd EDECE Luse of f the families falt nomic conditions/ teriorated. While re was no change іопs).
It is that While directly, the JSP Fited the non-poor indirectly. The levels and living P familie S. TëSUltgd. il Cf BāSE in thBir - T S HIEft Ed * the less poor and S boutique owners, EI Work Crs in the e lë Ctricians, etc. termed the "creep SP21.
2. SOCIO - PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT OF THE JSP
As West Etoiled before, Premadasa's Conception of poverty Went beyond LaaaC LHHLHHLL SLLLLLLa0LLLLLLLLaaS H S KLLLLLLL LGLaaLaaLLL both Social märginalisation and psychological debilitation. Therefore the JSP was structured in such a way tO Engble It LO address thESE ISSJEs 3S well. The objective was to improve the Socio-psychological Conditions of the JSP families thereby making it possible for them to take their rightful place in Society as equal citizens
Since We are dealing With Intangibles here, such as marginalisation, self aHHHHLLLLLLL0 SSKLL S SLS LK LLLLLLaLLS quBsition presented Certain difficulti Es and often had to be phrased in an indirect, roundabout Way. Still a large segment of the failies Lestioned found it difficult to comprehend the que Siti on and the refore left it Umans Wereld - thus the relatively Higher rate of "no response" figures.
i) Marginalisation
Marginalisation and poverty are two
Sids Of thig, 5 TE COITI, IT SEJLuth ASia Il Societies this is often exacerbated by Caste divisions and Oppression (oper as in India Or hidderias in Sri Lanka), The poorest of thE poor ofte ni exist On thing margins of society, looked down Lupon and Ostracised by the relatively well off. The testimonies of samle of the JSP recipients (see Appendix I) bear ample witness to this Targinalisation and alienation,
that theyז/IIres feחf the farס35% becameless marginalised in society 0L K CLuaLLY L HaK SLSLaLL LLS CCHLL LS00S of the fäffies felt That Fer marginalisation increased and 0YS00S S L LSK LLLGLaLLSa LSKLY KLLL SKLKS did for Cai Luse ar y charges in Their p/ace fл society 46.5% от гла failies did not respond, to this գLE stron.
ii) Psychological impact
The poor are the wretched of the
earth. In a society where money геigпs sшргепле, the poor are пот only social and economic outcasts


Page 19
; they a rE almost non persons, ignored and despised at the same time, Since ignorance is often a sibling of poverty, the belief that powerly is fate and destry is Widespread. It is for the most part a life without hope. Forced to depend on someone's handouts either the State. Other institutions of private individuals) in order to survive, Sentinents such as self confidence and dignity are often danied to the Ti, This. ExistenCE Of despair and servitude inevitably rStS psychological dЕН || tation. Pro E=Tlad aS understood the importance of giving the poor a sense of self Confid=TCE and Sëlf Worth, a SenISE of hope, without which they can never escape the trap of poverty. Therefore rima king the por feel irlinportant, feel good about themselves, helping them feel that they can make it, if not now, at |gast in the mot 50 distant fut Lire) was an important and objective of the JSF
According to the study, 76.7% of the far fes (. . af ESLI mayority) fe/t that their sense of LLLLLLLLSS S S LLLHHLLLK K K LL LS KLLLS KLLLKaaHLLLL rcred S70 Eye C3 L/50 Of THE JSP 1.4% of the SP flies felt that thair Sg | f Cofidence inici Self esteem improved marginally because of the ISP While 11.1% felt that there was no change. Only 0.4%, felt that thais self to silfidence and Self ESteen deter Crated du9 the JSF ). This is a remarkableachievement by any criteria. The JSP didn't manage to eliminate poverty ; but it certainly has managed to go a long way in era dicating the poor est of the poor's sense of a po at hy and despair. It would therefore, band exaggeration to say the that the JSP has acted as a clai Oil Call. Because of the JSP the poorest of the poor will never feel the same again; they will never be the same way again. In a sense this was the Thost retarkable and lasting achieve let of the JSP
- TO BE CONTINUED
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泛、臀、
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Page 21
IN DEFEN OF SARACH CHAN
| hawe read Dr. A-J, GJITHWardana's article "Mariana Forty Years After" (ref. Lanka Guardian of 31st October and 5th NgwEmber'95) arld the response to it, "Is Мапата Опеof The Finast тhings on дny Stage?" by Douglas Amarasek era arid Hemantha WWar InakLula suriya in thG Lari ka Guardian of 15th December'96, with more Thäf1 g"Bat im IEEE8t. As a GUITITTỉttā[] [[]8EFựET Sri Lankan theatre since 1955, I am concerned that people will actually begin to Take th= wie W =xpressed by Messrs. Amarasa kera and Warnakulasuriya Seriously, A careful reading of Dr. Gunawardiana's article which is closely and Cogantly argued, answers El the major objections to Maname and C. Sāra Chich andra's approach to drama Turiciated by all critics to date, not only Messirs, Amara Sekera and Warnalkulatsuriya.
In my opinion, having read Dr. Gunawardana's u KKS S SS YLLL LSLSLua L S L LLL
SSS.Amāraseķera and Warnakulas Līva = Culd persist in such ar TSEnsive änd isinformed attack which serves very little LIOS2 and Wil rebound On theri, The main remise of their argument is that judged by a supposed "World View" (represented rather էuestionably again in my opinion, of lurnping together all assortment of Cultural artefacts Luch as Shakespeare's "Hamlet", "Werdi's "La aviata" and tha Classical balligt "SWan Laka") they find Mariate severely wanting, Does it TOT Strik. He thiĘTil that THESE HE || LudiCTICILI ES ārlid Televant Comparisons? No Work of art can -Udged in such a haphazard and Hrbitrary S S L HCS KLLLLLLL S S aaLaLaL L LLLLL LL LL LLDLL LLL End Cultural Context in which it hadits geresis and the genre of the particular branch of the ETSi to which it belongs,
Trid it tr Lily - FTlazing That Messrs. A Tarasa kera and Warmia kula Suriya a TE SO senated from their own cultura, that only Tantion of its "Cultura|| jeweils" in the Encyclopaedia Britannica, TE NEW Standard Encyclopaedia, and Time International (this | St Choice makBS ITB b|| Lush with embarrassilent on their behalf), Will Take them valid of Worthy of acceptance according to their concept of a "world view", Dr. GLina Wardana, in his article, quotes the Talawing from 25 Years After Mamama"
Shelagh Goon
which was ority writt Warnakulas Luriya: "FrC) li hii i 5 figliedig sa : SOME of the people W Lulgar) ALL of the ti t:HrյrlԱt fլյլյ! ALL ԵՒ լի tim"TE". Thaimplicationi of thi5 statirii Brit con5 CIWillEd II di SCU: TOT GLI na wa Teda na por IpLIlarity With a Liliar forty years, drid comit prove that the Barbar far LutStrip the Civilised Dr Amara Sakara di identify ther as what a 5: Entist Flag fåled "C To Licidate for read: Of the TerTTI, TEt me que
"THE "Ori Emilita || 53rd C) physically resides in the
in the West, yet spir Wast... S'ha is a prac:
"Orientalising" Draxis; ir
the interparatrating real folklore, media, ed Luca the non-Western subj ħin Tself largaw In the ir ExբEritricB8, մesigns, al Split E COf Bridless a SSLITHI IT FIB Contrary, FEIT hi Er/Firr more intelligible and ful BTLFECTIVEthin the Easi
III this context. It is II Only play of Henry
ITIETTIOTEL AS Bildéric E adaptation of Terrass Menagaria", not the or SUch as; , /arle/g yG 31d
חNathar As Every T Jayas Bria's finest an adaptation Hur Lil Wafia Bett. Bret's "TEC |r1 fäCT, Täthåf thäf EEi de VelJ prin Erit as a F բruminEntB given it Mar HTid Warnakulasurya cl magnitude Dք լիE SLIc: Kai Tf7#Vad, Which preclud: development as an orig also Worth moting 1
 

CE DRA
e Wardene
nby ATarasek era and assor Sarachchandra y succeed in fooling |th E. Barbarou 5 and TE BLt they simply |E բՃՃբla ALL Lif THE Clear that the Lithors dET the Tisaf Eg as the sing this զL Citatium, it to the continuing Ces Of Wa 17 FITE aftBT ents: "Which golesto us and the Vulgar by iri olur sögiety" |Think d Warriakulasurya, contemporary political italiSHOTETES", S Who HBVB. TOT hBird
te Nevzat Scoguk:
rimm ta ' is on Ea Who "East" and 50 mEtim, BSG itual y feeds On the tising Tiember of the its daily operations in Tls Ofari, desth Etics, ion and so on Shaig B: Who snakes |15|| Tlaga of the West, its ndits expectations, lin "CE 3 to Hershimself to the "West" is always filling, and thus more ".
ierstandable that the Jayasona's that is E of his talent, is an EWWi||T." S "THE GIESS iginal plays he wrote Адаѓа Рuthe Magak Beatri Big O Dar kiri CD wis, di mOSL SUCCESSL
Kid fig W, Was of LICāśiāf Chl=|k [ift:|B". ng interrupted in his 1laywright by tha 7är 772ās Attnafas Ek, Era aim, it was thE wery 1885 of Huлшwаfауа ad Jaya sena's further inal playwright. It is that the story of
Нипцигатауа Каthawa, the characters, the porbsence of the Pothia Giura, th8 LISa of miirTme and other stylised qualities, Tust have struck an Instant rapport With audiences for the play to have էlatomE ELigh H բBrünrial faugւյrite: Which should lead us to conclude that Dr. Sarachchandra had already demonstrated a sure grasp of what appealed to the Sinhala psyche when he shaped Ma Tame and Sirhatia L. in the Way he did.
This is not to say that contemporary playwrights should not find modes of writing for the theatre Which Wil|| EdCCCF di With the experiences and consciousness of people as they live in tha everyday world. This is a given in any form of art, that it should keep pace With Contemporary needs, andis patí CLHry true of the theatre which depends for its very Existem CE CITI är I ELIDdience that is a CT Lually and physically present at the time of performance,
KKSS S SHK SLLLaSKLLS LLL SLSS L S S S SLL Dr. Sarach Chandra WHO believEd that "hare is no ather form af art that is mare powerful than drama in its ability to enrich reality with what is created by the imagination". New playWrights Ha VE TO SE arch for TTLE directions that are relevant to their times, but they can always benefit from studying the classics of aL L LCLLLL CLLY CLCGmHHEEK LLaS OOHHCCCaa LLL now of that standing.
A final word about the accuracy of Dr. Sarachchandra's perception of what appeals to the Sinhala psyche, Sinhala audiences abroad display a particular apprecation for Mariarrie and Sirhaba FL BYeri though the difficulties of amateurs producing these plays results in scenes from them being performed, rather than the whole play,
| ha WE HEGm in the a Ludi Enice at Such parformances and the response is moving, aaCL LCLL KaCLL La LLLLLLLL0LuLLL LLLLL LLaaLL LLS audience follows every Word and move Tient and there is 1D doubt that the Tusic and Sing Trig are Wital to their Brjoyrtti Briti | hawe watched the little group of musicians on stage Very Carefully and Tarvelled at how closely they resemble their counterparts in performances have seen at the Lionel Wendt and the Lumbini, They are immersed in What they are doing heart and soul. In my mind's eye, can see Dr. Sarachchandrain their midst, an absorbed figure bending over his musical instrument which he seems almost to carESS, a farTiliar figure at Countless past perfor Iancas. It is an III age that is now both endearing and enduring, forever embedded in the theatrical imagination of Sri Lanka.


Page 22
The author, who is Professor of Масһапical Engineering at Peradaniya University, fs cшггелt/y Chafглал of the Л/aІјолд/EdшсаІ/ол Солтлтѓssјол. На was LLT LLaHCCLCLCC HLL CCLL LLLC LLLLLLLHCCCCLLCLLCL appoinared by President Prer77 a dasa. Prof. G. L.Рѓегїs was his Dаршту).
OTHER HUMANCAPABILITIES
Merri bers of a society have two other capabilities which can effect the course of history significantly. These are the spirit of tolerance and the ability to show, iTi differen CC, COf these, the for ITIET reflects a high level of mental and spiritual development. It cannot be expected from most persons under usual circumstances. The latter is often a symptom of irisensitivity and lethargy which can be found ifi less developed societigis in a EJLIT da il Cē, It als Carl afİSE O LUt of a lack OfresOLIrcefulnessanda feeling Ofabject helplessness. This last condition existed LL SLLLLL LaLLLLL LLL LLLLLL Y LLL people who were privileged through birth to do Illinate and exploit entire COTT TITI Luliti 35.
A BASILIMITATION
In the preceding paragraphs. We attempted to identify some of the social devices and mechanisms that help to charge the course of societies and Organizations in Lin por Bedictable Ways. There use may even be meticulously planned. How the plan unfolds is as good or bad as the competence and motivation of those who Lultislately carry it sa Lit. Is i Our country these two most important aspects of plan implementation get the East attentian of the planners and top managers. They are usually left to chance every tearn me Tiber finally ends Lip chasing which he or she can comprehend and with the devices at his Cof Timand. The resulting situation is what We deal
Ext.
Lakshimar
(II There also exists in flat LIE referred to E its dictionary definit and the formless EJ a for the Creati Tlathalmati Cians te||L. feature of systems. sprEHds accarding t USE of CorTiputers th IIILII StratiD15 of rrat lfractals which are Spread of Chao Conceptualization E implies that the polarization and a HbOL ut it , Just as || that Spreads OUtwa Screen there must El beyond our modeling spreads in Wards.
WHAT YOL NEWerthele SS, hur Taf not Orly as a proces bLItal SO ES Tental El a Created 355Er particular arrangen and sense irTi pressic either chaotically or can alsa get the ri: also from Ole's Ow in the memory cani |flt ETrlal Cha[]8 fThay the features of Tlin Il CEti DIl LO ET speculating may be intĖThall Chao G.
In large organizat of any well planne arranged scherie eventually and isle simply the running the le Veling Orero. also is growth productive activity, organization seems tO LJ 5 = Lupo TE2SOLJIT individual activity
 
 
 
 

Jayatilleke
ዜU}ና
Society a very basic Է Chads, Although Curl is Lutter Confusion Thatter that existed Jirl of the un TWEEFSEE, tatt i I : ITT ITTI III According to ther it Da FullB. Through the ay generata boautiful Emiatical middels Of 5 Selt S. This Siri pol E пt the model itself -E is its tյբբ ծsitB We do Ilot kilor mLICITECIS Ch305 rds Cartha CCITI POLITET B some aspect that is and which probably
MANI I EL NOW"
bainings kryW. Chacos 5 TOT ITF FitETEtter ztät E. Tils State Cän tia | W by giving L 5
EL Li iffir Titi is. This CEE core by design. A person cessary information Ti memory. The stuff SE If It: Thig | very Wall bE DnE of d-stuff. The natural Ijo y ga Tbiling and + 5 yr Tiptor Tiatic of this
ing the degeri Eratori dand Systematically into thatյs haբբaո5 itably, Chaos is not down of a system and sil of high spots. It and , SE ETT i Tig ly, E Every one in a chaotic to Work vEryhard and :Es dit B high ra tĘ.
levels may even be
higher than when things are less chaotic. There could also be high levels of satisfaction and a high Sens a of
CEWEITEt id || ToLund.
What may be noticeable, however, is that the external productivity is low. This low productivity read not necessarily be DS LLLLLL L L LLLLaaaa CK KLLLLSSSLLL LLLL LLLaLLLL Harid, times of External chaOS, WHE:TI things *ITH I ltiլ
happening regularly like clockwork, there is opportunity for creativity. Chance LLLLLL LLL LLLLLLY LLLLmKLmm0 aLLaaLaL persons with aware less and keen powers Of Observation to 565 rew possibilities. Sérencipity is most likely LITid=r chaotic LaatLLLaaa LLtttLLLLL LLLL LL LLCLLLLLLLaa La LaatLa ar cuid and also to pick Lupo III ir tETËStirlig object or idea and investiga te it further.
EAN WITH HAS LHaK LLLLLL SS K LLLLLL LLLL LS S u Lu L L LLa critiri Ed arid LSed Creati vely Eybette папаgement. In China the yin-yang cycle is deliberately put into effect so that everyone has a hand in either bringing about change or is deeply affected by it. | In Japa. Ti th1 ET E is parti Cip) at Cry manag Erment Whitch erläble ideas that a TE [atentin ami organization to b)8 TB inforCBd and brought out into active form to replace those which are already in Operation, The initial stages such a pro CESS Carl be quite Chaotic. III. Other countries where corporate planning is titյոE, activities are giver up arld nքw Ones introduced deliberately to bring abolt ChaOS and to katapo it i II CLII| tr |
The management strategies referred EO abJOWE are based Carl the w|C. W that hLiman being5 đ=ựiš= the world they ||ựệ: according to a vision which they themselves Create. These also take into LLLLaaLLL LaL LLaLaaL CLC aHLLLLLLL LLLLLL influences which are beyond Our Control and area often un predictable. There is als C) the in escapable condition that in the Conte Tuporary World There is much. LLHHLHHLLLLLLLLHH LaLL aLaK LLLHLLLLLLL0 KHL groups who do not share our vision and ideology, which results in Conflicts and LLaLLLL S LLLLLLLHHL S LLLLLL aaL aHLHLLLLLLL S L TCL Within Countrids 3rd Large Organizations aaa aaaa Laa LaLCLLLL LLLLLa LaHLLLLLLL factions which can Work COLIII ter to the COT or good and overal goals,
THE MAJORITY WIEW In large societies it is possible that the majority is unable to think inter Tis of long territmi intBrests, broader perspetti wies, trans CE nding goals, CCITTTTC) Ti gCC) d, and


Page 23
deeper implications of both actions and Inaction; but are interested only in short term gains. It is also possible that hair splitting by interested individuals and minorities is seen by many as an LIMITICCESSFITY Exercis E. EWE TILLJally, sociaty is Greated and the effects of actions a TE judged by the majority who, ostensibly, have a right to their own opinions and personal Criteria regarding whatis proper. Furthermore, it is inevitable that the Opinions of both the majority and minority In any issue are coloured by considerations such as hatred, greed and lack of information. The SE CopilnīÖrns are a || Subject to the Iirimitations of Cor CEpit based thinking; and will therefore eventually show up the inherent COn tradicti Cris. HC C 3 both Sets Of Ornir īOns Would rea|| y EE or the samme fra il footing, and we cannot take a choice LaL LLLLLLCLLL LLa S L L S S LLLLL K LLLLa LLLS LSLS unsatisfactory as the other.
CHAOSASAMANAGEMENT STRATEGY
Uri der such Londitions the concept Management by Chaos has a high degree of validity. It is based on the prërisë that all plans of action and strategies a TE: initiated due to personal motivations and sustained through self-interest. They are all limited and constrained by the conditionalities imposed by human nature and by a common resource base which Lultimately sustains them. HBr\cd It is nut possible to Choose between One set of plans and strategies and the next, They Will be unisatisfactory and Will| hawe to be gan up of significantly changed when they run into their respective CDTI tradictifs,
This line of thinking leads us to the idea that the best approach for the top LLLLaLLLLLLLLL LCLLLLLLL L LLLLL LLa aLLLLLLLLH and promotion of overt chaos the-rough What they say and do. The British as Colonial masters used this int- the management of their colonies, through the practice of divide and rule Through This thay Søwer] the säEds for Cha08 and dreated the preconditions for chaos. They did not use pure chaos, As a management device II their Extraction of Wealth from the Colonies. This process had to be clear One Wayflow; and strict Controls had be ir pola CE to CISLIre this,
Hist Wis al la 5. Հter-ի երգետ է: Eel Fried ly
THiς ΕπιπΕ. | 1η : Nr. Ellistrian Firetti
Fr:TIT Fi Ei=1. La Լել է լավրի րWhy - T = fht To fly fiellite
Es trech Erigis:
L}r:fy::Eiver Ha As yra Lil critet : I h
* IEji Hiղ է լրլվ: li gL-alle IIS II Was if your lu THE CnH ! Magitally (Վո:
TIESE Hirth Aրիբր բավ իր "zāli All
levery electi EL: El III . Hը հելլե որ յուր Far him the iլ: He was a stral Nestiy: Eri risial Fric III. vyr. Il Året tidler LH, e
եւ Wը էլ գլ էիլ Լիլլ: illilisi
Alglate
| ||- Կաt lերը գրել:
Deziri, Il the Biji EiH i Filii It is in | | | mi pattriէ:
Na sythern , Hanking fոր ու Blys Erzingettiha
 
 
 

el af sity, Elisatelection week
l li III. IlolIILIn Paar
We went together
*t,tü hi、L
i liri i the cilit liri
tor ant th չեւէ, it turn nuffler Higittari titas:
er trient in the hill twilight եւ բեւntation բեկորle so unifriendlyitilid եւ զաeri -
SLL a K L K LL L | tra Hictory English
sterne libridge, Lihat is the Pealite |- Hatter t 1.
det Heli susible
| ii | lt | hi - Hiri Illi
Ck low, Ji Elië bleek la L's. thit nightin a t'sy ëtitë ligaliy
t
Histian type Whn Cooked ou d'innor ely a Til Watli felta-lalk: Abdul Extret Trowspx|| | tlač Fláseň ľuHi:lettes: -
Իր ելու: Լուteքetitler1 =
or i El Harry %
1. Li Lili
LL te had studetery andeld L0 a LLLS | önce ağaitı, yastırır veritful Initia in villige Tsankt stiloi:Tnt tea folk | Eur h Lånetitiates vix hastaught allettiki
Tazia alla Se
ision of the eliterity
la 111
Erik La arls disk El Trafani.
this virill gar under the stars
R into the high his
the larlpight as we entered koi:Isteրs in spite of the election announterlirint
it was un pels result. L S K GG GL LC aa LL LLLLLL radio was the of that hazia at lawyer,
LIITIK TE | 墅/


Page 24
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eis & leading groceries


Page 25
СолIII/гот даge !() for peace. This is especially true in CaSE: of South Asia Where a p 2Lilia blt parvasive socio-cultural abarration in the form af feudalism still EvivGs.
Internally in South Asia, there Exist iedad I y quarr Els bet Weem PPC litical adversaries such as India and Pakistan, Some Writers är E of the opinion that both LCLLLLL aLLLLL HaaK a aLLLL LLL LLLLLL inter-nation Conflicts befo Te they are successfully able to deal With Conflictresolution efforts at the Inter-state level, This argument proceeds along these lines: both states (India and Pakistan) are "IrriPerial" ür "Overblöwn“ states; äre excessively centralised and do not permit alternative point of View, especially in TOT Big T affair S. Cape Tating on the assumption that the State knows best about statecraft and its nuances, the Statig monopolig CSS för it-5 Ealf the ricoti Orli DIT "rati DJ Tira||inter GSGE" and sits ir Eabsoluta judgement over others' loyalty to the nation State',
/r7 fact, the futura (of /r7cdia-Pak relatioris баг алуsшch fiгадаа Гог сол///ct гвsolutiол depends on ar "inside out' process - i.e. Fr Terra charge 5 in terrer Structure of the State and sociatias that would lead to Corresponding charges in Exterial геfагѓалs, Л/eftһагсћалge fлgoverплтелfs TDI CILPST 7 EffC SOCIEffes C ft är IgGs ārg of алуso/шгіол. Алаwgesta/ї ограгadїgгт Shift wi/I o'r Wy Corme ābo LPT if drassific: LTCCLGLLS uLCLHHLLLCCLS LLLLCLCLLCCCLL KCC HGLLLLL fл thв systвгл.
IF any meaningful conflict resolution has to be brought abJLIt between Tidia and Pakistan, it is essertial to CLIFE witriolic propaganda and campaigns of disir formaticar agai T1st Each other. III addition, there is reed to revisie historical textbooks and pro Tota learming through exchang of infortation and visits to ==ch Dther's courtries, Ir. Er der ts) circumvent the Wested groups interests that pose a hurdle for conflict resolution, It Is imperative also to fortify Track II, and if need be, Track || Channels of communication, Student, Labour, LD HLHLHS KLLSLLLLLLLL LHHLaLLLLLLL CCLL human right groups also need to assert themselves in order to bring pressure on their respective governments for Efter gerll CE of civil Societies. Of CILIrise, this is not going to be an easy task given He tragility of the above institutions in South Asia yet, giver political Will and Committent, the task should not be insurmountable. Kashmir is no doubt a
Stumbling ԷյlՃt:k Hi have ti. FElent freri 5 Ett le for a COmpar irwolweis give and ta parties Have to
homework: stringer th1E already, sig establishing pr ei H fra Eging Gr redugtig at the present IE 3x | FI liiT ii ii r T taf demārcation of disp| On peaceful LISES maintaining a baları Fird C1-military C TOT SA ARCTI.
All taser measures : tinTIE W har the issuE Lip for a Solitin. l. FiËS SHOWri, pia: E. ESSLIE5 SITI aller tù biji by Creating congeri perip lil Bra | IS LI Basis de Way, the bigger issue daunting tյr bettյrriք SCLITTIE Efforts Cor. paralysing the who
This is hic Weaver T: բEtLiliar problems t TEGLI|| Litical in thig. Sa MajČIT territorial dispu. di Sparity İmı Size and LWO COLITITTI 3: E. L. E. Further, lack of any SE fair StErg ära Cadres working of C. reduction resolution Cirst re exists which in Sri Luth Asia any IC that entails. COTiptor UE Stirls like K-5 II the Word "Deace" El of betrayal, appeasar Today, the national South Asia is thar; Th1 Et Ori C T Fiat || || 52 Conflict resolution. handy Polity for WESTE 5IdBS Of the b3Ordlar D'f thit air tiw's Pietiple problems of inaptitu SE OPP y governan CE, targets.
Endnotes
1 Oil this see M.H.M. Of Security". Di DCCEITEET 1992 "Criti CH | COITTITET Aralysis," Arms
 

d both parties will heir rigid stands and mise formula that {# MBämựự|lila, Both |o the cessary t ir Tipollerimentation of ed agro. Omerts, per TO nitring 2. CBMs in place, of defence budget WE|| ||If for Ce5 Tg3 = 3TTEd māSLITES, TEted areas, Teasures of nuclear energy, Ce between military BMs and energising
;hould Tota Wait the of Kashmi is take fact, as expérience Tim Ea | dealing With gger clears the Way |al atmospherics. If not get out of the is tend to seem very I a landy excuse to |flict resolution, thiLIS E paaca prОСВ55.
it LJ LJ ndar rāte tha idtbe il CUFC auth Asian setting, ILES ||ko Kashmir arid power between the S real impediments. recedence exists in nO institutionalised onflict Titigation or | In fiatt, a Zero-SIIITT Wiews with disfavour gotiated settlertent mise - Espacially ČOI ir Put Tigre blLintly vokES COPITOtatiOIS Titant Brid COWardi Co. political scene in Jed With jing OstiC "Wes the Cause of Perhaps, this is a diritETSt:S Il bot
le fil E. CL att Erit Tier1 from international de, Corruption and to Wai Td 5 CD Lutside
Juri, "New Concopit a W n. Karachi, 1 6 P, 11. Also read tary Oil Kolodzie's control, Fra Tik Cass
(c) Co., Ltd., London, Wol. 13, No.3, December 1992, pp. 513-517.
The term is used by Citha D. Maass,
"All Analysis of India's and Pakistan's Rejection of the Nuclear NolProliferation Treaty (NPT)", – Paper corn L0LLLLLLL LLL LLLS LL L LLLLL SL LLLLL LGLLLLL |ISSIES IT SO Luth Asia = |G|Arabjad Council of World Affairs (CWA), and Hamm S. SĖaida || FC Luncia LIJI, |s| a|Tablad, 3-6 April 1995, P.B.
M. H. Nuri, "Confidence Building
Measures CBMs) in South Asia: Practice, Problems and Prospects", Regional Studies, Cuarterly Journal of Institute of Regional Studies, Islamabad, Wol, XIV, No. 2 (Spring 1556), pp. 42-44.
Claus D. Grupp, Europe 2000. The
Road to European Union, edition 1991, Foreign Office of the Federal
Republic of Germany, Public Relations Department, Born,
Jed Gofdman, "Argentina, Braz|| Open ta Inspections", Bulletiri af the Atomic Scientists, Wol. 47, No. 4 May 1991, pp. 8-10.
On chronology see "Sino-Indian Confidence Building Measures", in Michaal Krepon, A Handbook of COn Tid Bnce B Liding Measures Washington D.C.: The Henry Stimson Centra, 1993), p. 49,
"Transparency: Where Have Webeen 2 Where should We be headed?", Workshop held at SAIC, Maryland, 24 February 1995,
Suroosh Irfani, "Accountability Crisis", THE News, Islami abad, 24 Ngwerber 1995, P. 5.
Kanti Bapal, "India-PakistanDialogue, "New Delhi, R.G.C.S Proceedings No.11 (New Delhi, 5-6 February 199), pp. 47-50.
10 For suggestions on how to promote
the atmospherics for conflict твsolution see M. H. Muri, "Confidence Building Measures", op.cit., pp. 5755.
TO BE CONTINUED


Page 26
ரே! நாg 2 CountrieS, and this ITILISt Ila We S CITIE CCIE tid Wit 5 Of TE Of Floss extraordinary reports. Again, recently, a former high-ranking UNP Cabinet Minister (who too is believed to have fled abroad) had failed to respond to summons to appear before a Commission of Inquiry into the DLLLLLLLSLSLaaLS S aa LLLLLaLLLLS LLLLLLLLSLS LLLLLLL Caiet Minister, and a Warrant has Egg issued for his arrest. All this must reflect on JR, although some events actually took place during the regime of his immediate successor.
"His many accomplishптеп ts have to be balanced by his mis/шdgeл7епts апd fаїIшгes. Oле Suth was his benign nEg/ECT of necessary action. When evidence of םחisters aחjחhis r סחסדח# חסfiקruחסc senior officials closely associated With Film i Was brollLight before hirTi, '''
This sounds wery nice, but it is really Only a brave ifmisguidedattanpt at White Wash. "Egg of t:ErrLբtion...... brought before him" must be seen in conjunction. With JR's unprecedented act of obtaining undated latters of resignation from all the members of his party in parliament. No Carr parable precedent in the history of parliamentary democracy is known for this act, which greatly reinforced the President's executive power over is ministers and Officials. Professor KM de Silwa's mai we description "benignneg fect of necessary ac ffori" is utterly Linconvincing when read in conjunction with that action, and the other Well known state Tent made by JR himself at the very start of his regime: "Let the robber baroris Corne". HowEWEr Frofessor KM de Silva las given a somewhat different view on the undated letters of resignation. He Say S:
"He tasked movingly of democracy and open debate, but in the aftermath of the presidențial KaLLLLLHH L SLLLLLLL00LLaLLLLL SS00L0SS S CCLS encouraggrnent from his Prime Minister LLLLLLLLS KLLLLLLLL0L LLLL YLSL S S LTGtaHaS LLL LLLLLLLL0 LL uS LLLHHLaLSSSLLLLS SSSS S LL resignations froT all his party MP's to be called in if лесessагу"
F TOTESS Jr. KM El G SIV 3 th LIs passes part of the responsibility for JR's extraordinary act of obtaining Undated letters of resignation froT all the 159 MPS of the LJNP. to "ffe Fr TS Minssär and 55Cfforts of Fifs. Cā Eire". This is
TOT EE || CCTWİCİ takel if the CŮTitē וWםH "חסTiסuחחסט SW irtir1 LES:
"Hailing frc known for its legal W fff a faffeg F a F7I Justices of FF7e Sup only slightly less higher judiciary th: ofrio. fr. Jfr. F. distinguished le background - had TF 5...........
Although I 5r Licture le irlfrid a separation of DC 15772, JR Was as the piracy of f, |legislative Over { Fredecessors on L'ÉTÉ3.
Here again SilvH Irie:S tt Stifier President by Com previo Luis actions Col this argument of C JR's Presidentials is ab OWE, the FW, : newer be question tg || 1 d. Felix. Dit tha CithJET had W; and punished for e. deprived of his civi When JR came top to Start a dis CCT parati WE EXCES El Felix DES BET Professor KMS Comparison.
'Tier II arri blg LIOLIS artiride
JR ant орpositiол Face Violen Ce ard sr) si against f'fs leade al RE EL ES a T. If a fhir 1753 a 7d 7 Gä 77 års åldrTT expected to do be as ready to tolera te
rate L1 agifation às flac
SLFP W I էlgforg:"
This surel commentary, bot attempt to ay blam te SLFP T Wien. Ce that Ta SLUCHT E TIT-FO0 til

g"Especially When չէ Ճf "a widarite tյք a fer, ProfESSO T de
rri a fa rily WellJr"COfc355 for SF77 ārTC) | url Cle, as PL/i5re fire CJLJ. F. Was
di Sidāfri f L if IE II FEI DES - O
I T E LA E TI TJ DITE gal and Judiciary | been in the early
PE CONSTİTLİ fforl7a/ Liced dd Cognize ir Lig f pror 7 g foi a 55 Erfiring fe executive and 7 judiciary as his he UF gover firment
PFSS ME an action of JR as EוחסWith S חסparls f tյիET THE f|HW im Lursa, is that Lurder stem the President This acti CIS Car
di Lunder the la W of IS E Tällai ke ICT as tried summarily XCess Of pQWer, and c rights for 7 years, OWer. It is tempting CLSSi Oi Oil the ises of power of JF daranaike, OW that ilva had started the
F73 r. Wa5 75
to postical Violence |ła LWP We Fr| d un preceden red msda Isar dré Créd rs and supporters an who often spoke п-wio/gпce, praised rd Asākā, VāS T3r, Tri fatt F12 sa 5 3 e SE Oficience огgапіzaгіол апої 'a et partes ad eady se the Da Ce
is not historical Jt afd a Wk Ward he on the left parties or provoking the rked JR's ragirTe. attitude is not a
characteristic of great statesman, and WS need nöl löök (Ö NS|5Öf Mandela
as am Exampla – Mrs. Banda fa ñaike
is closer to us. The Violence that was sustained and grew throughout the JR period and after, has to be studied and documented by historians Who have neither an axe to grind, nor any debts to Settle.
"7 Tc3 f5faff of TF7 TOTS III A Lig List 1977. Fe Files stated TC. Vigorously negotiate some form of regional devolution from the over CET)Frazed STFLCLIre Of SF La 7ka's. goverптелг – а Іопg sгалаїпg Таллії
Although Tiention is made of the riots of August 1977, no mention is made of JR's action as the new Prie Mister aftET the unprecedented July 1977 electoral Victory, in sending police personnel on leave, and permitting his supporters to run riot. Those riots though directed mainly at political opponents of his party, also affected Tamils in ГTamу агеaS.
The grEā s'est disapp)Oirt fr77 GIFT !
his, as well as many of those Who LLLLLLLLS LL LLL SSLLLLL S YSS00SSLSaCLL LLLCHHS YLaL LaLLLLLLLLY LLLLLL LLLaLL LLL LLLL L LLLLLLH LLL country suffered its Worst post - indépendance d'offestic Crisis, The Violent corfflict between Tam III KLL LLKKLaLaLLLLK LLLS LLL aSYSSYLSLYYLSS S םflict That (draggBחסt a CחBחחחחveטg or7 from ar leas! 7.933 L/r7/7/ long after
he left Office."
This state felt belies the harsh fact that the "Tamil problem was to put it mildly, mishandled by JR. He cannot be exculpated on account of any personal "disappoinfптепt", because, at the time he cane to office he had tremen dous goodwi || from the minorities as well as Willingness to negotiate a settlement. The paragraph Lulder Tafer el CE COI til LJES.
Tr de criff II el


Page 27
Will privatization mean the end of the union represent OW WII eineress of my members be protected:
Tade Unions:
 

Privatization will in no way dilute or reduce the powers and rights of your union. British Airways was privatized in 1987, and the unions remain to protect Worker interests just as before. Some of the World's largest, most powerful and vocal Unions exist in the private sector. For example, the United Auto Workers (UAW) represent over 100,000 Workers at the three biggest American car companies, none of which are state owned. In fact, there is every likelihood that Working conditions will actually improve in privatized companies, since there will be substantial investments made to upgrade facilities and training You can look forward to representing a considerably more
prosperous Union,
It is important to realize privatization is a means to an end. It is a means to improve our living standards, foster technological progress, create employment and take our
nation into a more prosperous tomorrow. In order to achieve these aims, privatization has to be executed in the
appropriate manner.
That is the task of the Public Enterprise Reform Commission (PERC). Its mandate is to make privatization
Work for Sri Lankans today, and for generations to come,
Every privatization is a carefully considered decision that takes into account the interests of all sectors of society; the general public, the state employees, the Consumers, the
Suppliers, as well as the country's overal economic vision,
PERC's mission is to see that privatization works, In doing so, your interests are always being Well looked
after.
With privatization everybody has a stake,
P E R c WATCH FULIN THE PUBLIC INTEREST
PUBLICENTER PRISE REFORM COMMISSION,
Bank of Calan - 30th Floor No. 4 PO Boy 2001, Bank of Ceylon Mawatha,
Lok.Tbc |, Sri Lumika. Telephore: 4-|-3:37558, Fax: +4||18||


Page 28
E SINALA NO
OF TE AN
 

NTY COUNTERPART KA GUARDAN
E ISLANDWIDE